THE INLAND PRINTER A TECHNICAL JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE ART OF PRINTING. VOLUME XIX. April, 1897, to September, 1897. CHICAGO, ILL., U. S. A.: The Inland Printer Company, Publishers. IN DRX TO The Inland Printer. VOLUME XIX. FROM APRIL, 1897, TO SEPTEMBER, 1897. Biography : Guptill, Thomas H.— A Western Artist _ 62 Hackedorn, Margaret L., Publisher . 549 Lewis, E. St. Elmo . 185 Marxhausen, August, Publisher . 301 Newspaper Illustrators— Charles A. Beaty. 304 Newspaper Illustrators— Frank Garvin _ 72 Richards, P., Caricaturist . 698 Wishaar, Grace N . 424 Colored Inserts : Ault & Wiborg Co . 3 Coloritype Co . 5 Family Pet, The . 2 Introduction, The . Johnson, Charles Eneu, & Co . 3 Queen City Printing Ink Co . 3 Composing Room : Composition, The Cost and Value of . S Copper-Faced Type . 3 Following Copy on Commercial Printing. . . 6 Imposition, Convenient Scheme of . 5' Job Composition, Design and . 4 Linotype Operators . ■ Notes on Job Composition ... 65, 189, 306, 426, 554, 6' Review of Specimens Received . 92,215, 333, 456, 51 Rulework, Scheme to Save . 6' Special Cases, A Simple Device to Lock Up. 181, 7: Correspondence : Anchoring Plates to Wood Mounts — A Re¬ ply to Mr. Shugg . 5 Anchoring Plates to Wood Mounts by Bolt and Nut, Priority Claim for Australia. . 3( Apprentices in Competitions . 6i Artists and Copyists . 4 Celluloid Printing Plates by the Inventor. . 5 Celluloid Printing Plates, The Inventor of . 3i Chicago Engravers and Printers . Comparison, A . 11 Competition the Life of Trade . 2/ Correction, A . & Cost of Presswork in Different Colors and in Different Sized Forms Wanted . . 6' Country Publisher, Observations of a . 1; Cover-Design Criticism, A . 6 Cut Prices — A Reply to Mr. Seeman . England, The Printing Trade in . 11 Forger on Pressman and Supply Houses . . . 6( Homemade Ornaments with Chalk Plate and Machine Ruler . 5' Honi Soit Qul Mai y Pense . i Hygrometric Difficulty, That — A Reply to Mr. Harding . 4: Imposition, Convenient Scheme of . 5 In Reply to J. V.’s Queries . i Labor Contract, Value of the . Labor-Saving Borders for Advertisements . Line as a Unit Not Patentable . Machine Composition, Good A verage on ... . Marxhausen, August, Publisher . New York, From . New Zealand, From . Not Practical . Old-Time Metal Borders the Best . Original Colors, The . Papier-Mache System 'of Stereotyping In¬ troduced Into Edinburgh. Scotland. How It Was . Pictures of the Nude Not Necessarily Im¬ pure and Legislation, The. !’ Rollers . Proofreaders, Railroad Clerks and Critics Rubber Stamp Making, Linotj^pe and Otli s Matr s for. Rulework, Scheme to Save . < She Helps Mr. Addison . Special Cases, A Simple Device to Lock Up. Specimen Books a Benefit, Are . Stealing Brains . i Technical Clubs and the Typothetae . ■ Thrutch, The . ( Tudor Black, Some Defects in . . ; . i Unique Letters to Editors . I What Can the Printer Do . : Editorial : Aluminum Plates as Substitutes for Lit! graphic Stones . Apprentices and Journeymen, Education Art Schools of France, The . Business Extension and Competition . Cooperation of Employer and Employe... Courtesy as a Business Asset . Craft Competition, Benefit of . Cut-Rate Printing, Advertising Decorative Book Illustration . Drawing for Printers . Drawing, Lessons in . Electric Power, Direct . Estimating and Proofreading . Foreign Books, Free Admission of . Foreman, The Authority of a . Four Languages Desirable . Instability of Modern Records . Job Competition, the Close of the . Knowledge of Printing, A . Local Field, The . Machinery and Its Benefits . Magazine Circulations, Some . Editorial — Continued. New Departure, A . New York Representative, Our . Newspaper Press, Development of the Non-Unionism and Ratting . Outward Bearings, The Value of . Paper, The Age of . Poster Departmi Prem .0 Cust 5n and Feeders, An Opportunity for 408 Pressmen vs. Compositors . 289 Printers’ Estimates and Profits . 533 Prizes for Pet Specimens . 291 ' Prizes for Single Specimens of Job work.... 407 Reprint Jobwork . 535 Salesmen and Imposing Nonentities . 665 Specimen Books, Suggestiveness of . 534 Tariff Commission, A . 534 Trade Exhibitions, More . 664 Typesetting Competition . 290 Typographical Union Defeat, A . 534 Typothetm Extension . 533 United Typothetze Meeting, The . 666 Weather Service, Printing in the . 169 Electrotyping and Stereotyping : Apprenticeship, Term of . 74 Backing-up Press for Electrotypes . 317 Book Plate Standard, New . 74 Celluloid Printing Plates . 172, 317 Celluloid Printing Plates, The Inventor of. . 300 Clay Process of Stereotyping . 316 Cleaning Stereotype Metal . 198 Cold-Process Stereotyping . 423 Concave Stereotypes . 197 Coupling Two Dynamos Together . 687 Damage to Type in Stereotyping . 74 Drying Stereotype Molds . 550 Electrotypes from Wood Cuts . 687 Electrotyping — The Battery . 402 Electrotyping— The Dynamo . 537, 659 Electrotyping— Historical Review . 295 Electrotyping, Questions About . 423 Half-Tones, Electrotypes of . 550 Hard-Facing Electrotypes 317 Iron Electrotypes . 197 Kaolin Plates . 197 Matrix Composition . 550 Molding Composition . 688 Newspaper Printing from Half-Tones . 74 Nickel and Copper Plating . 687 Notes and Queries on Electrotyping and Stereotyping . 74, 197, 316, 423, 550, 687 Papier-Mache System of Stereotyping In¬ troduced Into Edinburgh, Scotland, How It Was . 672 Rapid Depositing . 687 Renewal of Stereotype Metal . 687 Rolling Machine Paste . 688 Speed in Electrotyping . 423 Steam Tables, Heating . 550 Stereotype Metal, Substitute for . 197 INDEX. Electrotyping- and Stereotyping — Conl'd. page Stereotyper’s Troubles, A . 423 Stereotyping in Country Offices . 198 Stereotyping Machinery . 197 Stereotyping Tabular Work . 197 Text-Books on Electrotyping and Stereotyp¬ ing . . . 316 Type Shortened by Stereotyping . 688 Engraving : Acetylene Light for Photo-Engraving . 86 Aluminum, Etching . 548 Aluminum in Place of Lithographic Stones . 678 Anchoring Plates to Wood Mounts — A Re¬ ply to Mr. Shugg . 543 Anchoring Plates to Wood Mounts by Bolt and Nut, Priority Claim for Australia. 301 Asphalt and Bichromate of Potash, Mixing 86 Blackening Brass . 315 Chalk Plate Litigation . 330 Cleaning Half-Tone Screens . 548 Commercial Letter and Bill Heads . 211 Copper Dials, Engraving . 549 Daily Newspapers, Half-Tones for the . 434 Detail in Shadows of Half-Tones . 87 Dust as an Obstacle in Half-Tone Making. 315 Ellsworth Bill and Photo-Engravers, The . . 211 Enamel Formula for Hard Zinc . 435 Engraving White Designs on Black Ground 435, 678 Father of Half-Tone, The . 211 Four-Line Screen, The New . . 548 Ground Glass, Substitute for . 315 Half-Tone Dot, The Theory of the Forma¬ tion of the . 434 Half-Tone, Improvement m . 86 Half-Tone, The Theory of . 86 Half-Tones in Grain . 548 Half-Tones in the Magazines . 86 Lining for Etching Tub . 434 Lithography in Half-Tone . 435 Nitric Acid Stains, To Remove . 315 Penrose & Co’s Photo-Process Catalogue _ 548 Perchloride of Iron . 548 Photo-Engravers’ Associations . 548 Photo-Engravers’ Meeting^The . 709 Photo-Engravers Should Learn to See . 212 Photography in Natural Colors . 87, 316 Photogravures on a Fast Press . 548 Photogravure on Steel . 678 Photo-Lithography in New Zealand . 678 Powder Process for Half-Tone, The . 211 Prices for Half-Tone . 434 Printing Plates, Easiest Method of Making. 211 Process Engraving Notes and y ueries .... 86, 211, 315, 434, 548, 678 Process Work on Grant Memorial Day . 315 Process Work, The Influence of . 297 Protection for American Artists . 87 Retouching Photographs for Half-Tone Re¬ production . 434 Rollers for Rolling Up Zinc Plates . 679 St. Louis Photo-Engravers’ Association, The . 330 Screen to Sensitive Plate, The Proper Dis- efro . 212 Sensitizer for Red in Three-Color Work, A. 434 Silver Stains, Removing, from Fingers , .86, 315 Square Diaphragm, The Proper Posi the . . . 678 Stopping-Out Varnish, Simple . 211 Three-Color Half-Tones Without Color Screens . 297 Three-Color Work on the New York Herald. 211 Transferring a Print to Boxwood . 679 Why Process in the United States is Supe- . 518 Illustrations — Full-Page : Apache Indian Chief Geronimo . 526 Asheville, North Carolina, Views In and About . 420 Auditorium and Minerals and Forestry Buildings, Tennessee Centennial Exposi- 706 Illustrations — Full-Page— Continued. page Board of Management of the Wellington (New Zealand) Typographical Union _ 682 Boy Luther at the House of Madam Cotta, The . 704 Comanche Indian “ Bon-e-tah ” . 654 Cover Design (John Sloan) . 81 Cuba in War Time . 674 Debated Question, A . . 54 Delegates to the Ninth Annual Convention I. P. P. U., Detroit, Michigan . 454 Desplaines River, On the. Near Chicago .... 38 Domestic Simplicity . 180 Doubtful Moment, A . 157 Fishing on Lake Erie . 722 Ford, The, Salt Creek, Near Chicago . 312 Fountain in Front of Congressional Library Building, Washington, D. C . 544 Fremont Pass, Rocky Mountains, Colorado. 406 Gi-aum-e Hon-o-me-tah . 525 Introductory Design (A. Donald Rahn) . 82 Kiowa Indian Squaw “ Ton-had-dle ” . 653 Loop, The, Georgetown, Colorado . 397 Morning Visitation, The . 288 Mount Abram, Colorado . 37 Mount of the Holy Cross, Colorado . 298 Music Hath Charms . 281 Now Look Pleasant . 158 Pike’s Peak from the Gateway to Garden of the Gods . 166 Platte Canon . 662 Polar Queen, The . 42 Pussy’s Perplexity . 282 Reproduction of Programme Recently Is¬ sued by the Typothetae, Buffalo, N. Y . 690 Shepherdess, The . 414 Sport in the Wisconsin Woods (Wells) . 440 Suffer Little Children to Come Unto Me. . . . 532 Tambourine Girl, The . 398 Tennessee Centennial Exposition at Nash- t. The. 3’ Chapel. . . 540 - Small : April Fool’s Day (Richardson) . 53 Arcade Approach to the Hermitage . 708 Arranging the Partnership . 84 Asheville, View of, from Sunset Drive . 421 Aunt Faithful . 70 Automatic Typecasting Machine . 194 Before and After the Feast . 59 Belle Meade Manor, Nashville, Tenn . 707 Binny Molding by Hand . 83 Bit of Vanity Fair, A . 576 Book-Plate Design (Thomas H. Blocksidge). 443 Borrowing Franklin’s Matrices . 84 Boy Difficulty, The (Souter) . 294 Calendar (Hapgood) . 196 Captain Racomaro and His Cuban Guide. . . 677 Captain Racomaro Drilling the Spanish Troops . 677 Cattle . 401 Cave Falls, Glen Onoko . 186 Cayuga Lake Beach . 186 Children’s Building . 576 Cock of the Walk, The . 300 Congressional Library Building, Washing¬ ton, D. C . 545 Courthouse and Public Square, Asheville, N. C . 422 Cover Design (P. A. Schwarzenbach) . 442 Cover Designs (Bradley) . 331 Cox Duplex Press, The . 91 Dressing Type . 195 Dynamo Connections on Double Vat . 538 Easter Blossoms . 87 Elbow Curve, Cayuga Lake . 187 Electrotyping Dynamo . 538 Flower of Spring, A . 161 Gardening . 182 General View of Western Trocha . 676 Going, Going, Gone . 529 Gourd Harbor . 577 Hermitage, The, Nashville, Tenn . 708 Hilarity, Gi it Pictur . 284 -Small— Illinois Building . Initial Designs (Shoop) . Job’s Comforter (Souter) . Laundry Advertising, A Suggestion for.. Lehigh Gap . Like a Greek Girl (Ross) . Little Florist, The . Little Jack Tar . Load of Georgia Produce, A . Looking Through the Morning Paper . MacKellar Vase, The . . . Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, Entrance to tl Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, In the . Memphis Building . Mold, One Side of. Showing Nicks . Mold with Matrix Withdrawn . Moonshiner’s Cart, A . Motherly Old Hen, A . Musconetkong Glen . Negro Building . . North Carolina Creeper, A . Picking Out Imperfect Type . Playmates . Portrait, A . Portrait Charles A. Beaty . Portrait of Mr. Blank as an Impersonat Miss Blank . Portrait J. H. Bruce . Portrait John Vance Cheney . Portrait Capt. William Henry Cundy . Portrait Robert Fergus . Frank Garvin . James Gelson . t Edward C. Hughes . Charles L. Hutchinson . t Jesse Johnson . t G. Frederick Jordan . t Herman Justi . Mrs. Van Leer Kirkman . V. L. Kirkman . Thomas Knapp . t E. St. Elmo Lewis . t Thomas MacKellar . 1 B. MacKellar.; . Pampusch . t George S. Payson . t Louis Roesch . Schmidt . t Herbert S. Stone . Edward Payson Suter . J. W. Thomas . s Vernon and Thom: t John W. Wiiliams . tW. Ross Wilson.... N. Wishaar. t John H. Wrenn .... Photographic Time. . Design (E. B. Bird) . Poster Design (Ethel W. Mu Poster Design (Hans Unger) Poster Design (Thomas Willing) . Poster Design (Charles H. Woodbury), Poultry Item, A . Roman Peasant Boy . Roman Peasant Girl . . Saint Louis Miss, A . Scene at Soldiers’ Barracks . She Knew Their Taste (Souter) . Sixteenth Century Typecaster, A . So Funny . Soldiers’ Quarters on Western Trocha Solid Stone State Capitol . Spanish Soldiers Arresting Pacificos . . Spanish Soldiers Defending a Position Spanish Troops Leaving Havana for th Front . Steam Typecasting Machine Study in Black and White, A Summer Girls — Not After Gi Sunshine and Shadow . ■. . Porto Portra Porto Porto Portr Portr Portr Portr Portr Portr Portr Portr sB. Upton. mford) . Three of a Kind . Title-Page Design (Hapgood) . Two Roses . Types of Spanish Soldiers . Typical North Carolina Conveyance, A . Woman’s Building . INDEX Lithography : Air Brush vs. Spatter Work on the Litho¬ graphic Stone . 702 Aluminum Plates Lie Flat, To Make . 559 Aluminum Plate, Makers of . 700 Aluminum Plates, Preparing the Surface of, for Lithography . 702 Aluminum Plates and Presses for Printing Therefrom . . 702 Art of Lithography, The . 559 Blending of Photogravure, Lithography and Type Display . . . 700 Bogus Specimens . 700 Card Competition, Conditions and Purposes of the . 703 Chemical Changes in Litho Process . 560 Collection of Litho Cards as a Prize . 560 Contortions in Transferring . 441 Conveniences for Employes . 700 Cutting Prices, Etc . 702 Engraving on a White Ground, the Work Showing Black . 702 Enterprise of Natio7ial Lithographer ... 560 Etching the Aluminum Plate . 703 Examples for Studious Lithographers . 559 Eye Strain, Effect of . 700 Inks for Printing Safety Tints . 560 Large Stones and Substitutes Therefor.... 442 Limited Material and Limited Time . 559 Litho Designs in Letterpress Work . 441 Litho Specimens vs. Typo Specimens . 700 Litho-Steam Press Printer, The . 560 Litho Stone Deposit on Metal Plates . 703 Lithographic Exhibits at Omaha, Nebraska 559 Lithographic Steam Press, First . 442 Lithography Only at the Threshold of Its Development . 560 Masters in Lithography . 560 New and Useful Tool for Lithographers, A. 702 Notes and Queries on Lithography . .302, 441, 559, 700 Notes on Progress . . 561 Passing of the Vignette and Portrait En- . 560 Photo Camera’s Influence, The . 560 Photography and Lithography . 559 Principle of Lithography, The . 561 Principles and Science of Lithography , The . 702 Progressive Litho Supply Houses and Schools for Cosmographic Study . 702 Richards’ Aluminum . 700 Royal Graphic Experimental School of Vienna, The . 700 Stone Age Again at Hand, The . 560 Suggestions to Artists and Designers . 442 Technical Schools for Apprentices . 559 Transferer, The . 559 Transferring Half-Tone to Stone . 703 M Miscellaneous: Advertising for Printing . 40 Advice, A Little . 661 American Institute Fair, The . 564 American New Departure, The, Criticised . . 546 American Presses . 442 Arabic, A New Kind of . . . 425 Artistic Railroad Advertising . 89 Bill Nye and the Railway . 73 Blotting Paper . 53I Books, Brochures and Periodicals ... .89, 213, 331, 443, 566, 705 Brunt, Walter N., San Francisco . 185 Buffalo Typothetae Banquet . 443 Business Notices . 96, 220, 335, 459, 589, 725 Campbell Company’s Advertising Policy, The . 71 Catalogue Work, A Reasonable Price for. .. 315 Caxton Club, The . 162 Caxton Convalescent Home, The . . 667 Cheap Printing Outfit, A . 317 Chicago Record's Cuban War Commission And How it obtained the News . 675 Copyright as Applied to the Congressional Library . 545 Correct Typography . . . 549 Miscellaneous — Continued. page Country Office, The . 304 Cox Duplex Press Wins, The . 91 Drawing for Printers . 36, 174, 292, 410, 536 Don’t Worry About the Editor — He’ll Get On . 62 Foreign Notes . 64, 216, 698 Hints for Printers’ Ads . 557 Hoardings, The . 678 Hughes, Edward C., San Francisco . 302 Hygrometric Difficulty, A . 293 International Printing Pressmen’s Union, Ninth Annual Convention, at Detroit. . 453 Japanese Art Impulse, The . 413 Japanese English . 179 Job Printing, Prices for . 192 Journalism in Turkey . 424 Kelmscott Press and Morris Revival, The. . 63 Land of the Sky, The . 421 Letter to the Typothetae from J. B. Hul- Make-Up, A Good . 61 Monograms, The Use of . 585 New Editoria at Interlachen . 561 Newspaper as an Art School, The . 159 Newspaper Gossip . 88, 214, 329, 445,588, 724 Newspaper Publishing, Successful . 33 Newspapers, Mechanical Processes on . 412 Of Interest to the Craft ....91, 217, 328, 455, 584 On a Subject of Considerable Importance. . . 283 One Hundred Years . 83 Paper Machine, A Giant . 457 Papermaking, A German View of Ameri¬ can . .■ . 419 Patents of Interest to Printers .48, 204, 324, 438, 565, 720 Pictorial Placard, The . 553 Picture Posters . 206 Poe Cottage, The (illustrated) . 430 Post Office Regulations, The Latest . 539 Poster Lore and the Newer Movements. 322, 436, 562, 719 Poster, The Origin of the . 564 Press Representative’s Trip East, A . 186 Printing and Publicity Problems. . . .58, 195, 326, 430, 557, 684 Printing is for Reading, not for Fancy Let¬ ters or Many-Colored Inks . 303 Prize Newspaper Exhibition . 76 Promotions, Two Deserved . 586 Proprietor Becomes a Tourist, The . , 399, 527, 660 Roesch, Louis, Company, San Francisco. ... 547 Rubber Stamps, How to Make . 530 Schmidt Label & Lithographing Co., San 52 Sears Typo-Matrix Machine and the Dif¬ ferential Feed Typewriter, The . 72 Shorter Workday, The . 330 Stationery, New Shades in . 188 Stationery, New Styles in . 77, 425 Taste in Typography . 284 Tennessee Centennial Exposition at Nash- . 575 Thomas, P. I., Printer and Journalist, San Francisco . 441 Trade Notes . 94, 218, 334, 458, 587, 723 Twenty-Four Hour System, The . 444 Typemaking, The Art of . 193 Typesetting Machine Inventor, The Dis¬ couragements of a . 404 Typesetting Machines, Improved . 665 Typothetse of Buffalo, First Annual Outing of the . 691 Uniform Estimate and Tender Blanks . 676 United Typothetm of America . 212 United Typothetae of America, Eleventh Annual Session, Nashville, Tenn . c707 Upton Brothers, San Francisco . 667 Verbeck’s, Frank S., New Appointment _ 697 Wellington (N. Z.) Typographical Union _ 683 Ackerman, Samuel P . 93 Blair, John Chalmers . 581 Cundy, Capt. William Henry . 313 Cuyler, Col. Joseph C . 330 Obituary — Continued. Davis, Edwin S . Fergus, Robert . Flood, Benjamin P . Francis, Hon. John M . . . Garrison, J. C . Griggs, S. C . Hanleiter, Cornelius R . . Leckie, Archibald . Lynk, Martin . McLaughlin, Frank . McMillan, John G . MacKellar, William B . . Otto way, Thomas P . . . Potter, S. Frank . Rathgeber, James S . Thome, Joseph . Trenter, J. P . Tucker, Henry Luther . . Watson, Julius Lewis. . . Wiley, E. P . WiUiams, Isaac K . Wootan, M. M . Poetry : Coquette, The . 61 Passing of the Old-Time Printer, The .... 77 Printer in Paradise, A . 299 She Helps Mr. Addison . 55 Pressroom : Blankets on Web Presses, The Life of . 314 Blue on Note-Head, Working . 209 Bronze, Cleaning Off . 69 Bronze Stick on Ribbon, Can’t Make . 551 Coating Pulling Off Card Stock . 552 Coating Pulling Off Paper Made for Soap Wrappers . 681 Copying Ink from Rollers, To Remove . 70 Copper and Steel Plate Engraving, Presses Used for . 680 Cuts, What’s the Matter With the . 69 Diagram Drawings of Printing Presses. . . 210 Electricity in Paper in Summer . 679 Embossing Dies, His First Attempt at Mak¬ ing His Owi 69 Embossing from Type . Enameled Papers, The Handling of, at Press . 313 Engraving on Hard Rubber . 681 Envelopes, Printing on . 69 Half-Tone Plates, Advantages of Printing from Originals of . 314 Highly Enameled Papers, Ink for . 209 India Rubber Shavings for Roller Composi- .... 70 Information for W. R. & Co . Ink^or Hand Numbering Machines . 679 Ink on Playing Cards Rubbed Off . 3l'4 Inks, Trouble With . 680 Linen and Bond Paper, Printing on . 313 Linen, Bond and Rough-Finished Papers, Printing on . 313 Matching Colors, Wants to Know of a Work Treating on . 210 Middle Screws on the Peerless Press, About 432 Middle Screws on Peerless Press, Correction Regarding . 552 Offset, How to Prevent . 680 Overlays for Half-Tone Plates for Coated and Calendered Stock, Making . 314 Parchment, To Take Creases Out of . 210 — Photo Card Mounts, Embossing Prints on. . 681 Pressman’s Troubles, A — Uniform Color.. 178 Pressman’s Troubles, A — Why Quads Prin Pressroom Queries and Ansv . 285 ;rs . 69, 209, 313, 432,.551, 679 Printing in Colors from One Plate . 432 Printing Ink Blacks . 210 Printing Presses, The Construction and Power of . 175 Prouty Press, Trouble With . 551 Removing Bronze from Satin Ribbon . 432 Rollers, A Few Questions About . 433 Rollers, Composition, Breaking on the Ends 553 Rollers During Sultry Weather, Another Remedy for . 314 INDEX. Pressroom — page Rollers, Homemade, About . 71 Rollers in Damp Weather, Suggested Rem¬ edy for . 210 Rollers Networking Satisfactorily in Warm Weather . . 680 Rollers, Printers’ . ' . 300 Rollers Tearing Off the Stocks, Cause of.. 70 Rollers, Wants Recipe for Making . 69 Softening Composition Rollers, Wants to Know a Process for . 209 Solid Blocks, Printing . S52 Spaces, Quads and Leads Working Up . 433 Specimen Sent, An Opinion Regarding . 551 Stamping Gold Leaf on Leather . 209 To Whom It May Concern . 432 Type Working Ofi Its Feet, Wants a Rem¬ edy for . 69 Uneven Inking on a Platen Press, A Rem¬ edy for . 679 Varnish to Thin Bronze Ink . 679 Wants Something Easy and Simple . 209 Wants to Coat His Own Paper . 553 Working Half-Tone Plates on Perfecting Presses . 680 Wrinkling on the Ofi Ends of Sheets . 433 Proofroom : Abbreviations, Are They . 551 Antiquated Hyphening . 689 Bath or Baths — Plural Pos.sessi ves . 311 Books for Proofreaders, Best . 76 Capitalizing, Differences in . 419 Capitalizing, Questions About . 75 Proofroom— Contmued. pag Changes from Copy by Proofreaders . 4 Common Sense in Proofreading . 4 Copy-Reader, The . 5 Date Lines, Style in . 1 Dictionary in the Proofroom, The . 2 Doily or Doiley . 3 Editorial Paragraphs . 6 Evening and Eve . Grammar Questions, Two . 5 Hard Times, A Question of . 1; Leaders . 1 London Association of Correctors of the Press . ' Misplaced Criticism . 5. Negative Omitted, A . 5. Oh and O . 3 Old-Time Absurdity Preserved, An . 4 Plural Wanted — German Spelling . i: Possessives and Abbreviations . 6! Proofreader and Diction, The . 6, Proofreaders and Copy-holders . 4: Proofreader’s Responsibility, The . li Proofreading, Amenities of . ■ Proofroom Notes and Queries. . . .75, 187, 310, 418, 550, 6: Punctuation . 6: Punctuation, A Note on . 11 Singular and Plural Verb, Choice Between, 3: Singular vs. Plural . 5, Wages of Proofreaders . 3: Working Under Difficulties . 3: Type and Typefounding : Arno Series . 320 Bank Script Series . 80 Barta Borders . 318, 319 Bradley Series . 78 Bruce Title Series . 573 Collins Bands . 450 Condensed Gothic No. 1 . 203 Condensed Studley Senes . 80. 717 Contour Bands and Borders . 712. 713 Copperplate Roman . 716 De Vinne and De Vinne Italic Series . 447 De Vinne Extended Series . 448 De Vinne Extra Condensed Senes . 449 Elzevir Borders and Bands . 450 Elzevir Florets . 450 Elzevir Gothic Series . 451 Florentine, Collins and Caxton Bands and Borders . 714, 715 Harvard Old Style Italic . 199 Houghton Series . 570 Iroquois Condensed Senes . 711 Livermore and Livermore Outline Series ... 446 Longfellow Series . 200, 201 McCullagh Series . 79 MacFarland Series. . . 321 Plate Script Series . 81 Recent Type Designs . 219 Review of Type Designs . 416, 543, 691 Satanick Series . 568, 569 Topic Series . 202 Vertical Script . 571, 572, 710 INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS PAGE Advertisers’ Ag-ency . . . .101, 227, 355, 486; 612, 753 Advertising World . 101 American Paper Co . 11, 235, 629 American Steel & Copper Plate Co ..101, 121, 241, 357, 487, 613, 751 American Type Pounders’ Co... 32, 33, 96, 97, 98, 133, 150, 222, 223, 237, 270, 335, 336, 338, 349, 372, 373, 384, 460, 462, 596, 597, 610, 727, 730, 734, 735, 747 Anthony, E. & H, T., & Co.. 103, 152, 351, 482, 503, 646 Arabol Mfg. Co . 24, 236, 350, 483, 521, 592, 750 Armour Glue Works . 121, 241 Art Student . 356, 486, 612, 753 Ault & Wiborg Co. . .16, 17, 132, 133, 256, 257, 380, 381, 500, 501, 636, 637 PAGE Dexter Folder Co... 118, 150, 224, 260, 459, 471, 500, 748 Dick, R., Estate . 114, 150, 270, 384, 610, .747 Dixon, Jos., Crucible Co . 101, 220, 227 Duplex Printing Press Co . 16, 132, 342, 599 Eastern Brass Type Foundry . 484, 604, 751 Eastman Kodak Co . 32, 156, 280, 396, 524, 652 Electric City Engraving Co. .26, 143, 263, 376, 511, 589, 647 Electro-Light Engraving Co . 25, 240, 345, 475, 607, 643 Electro-Tint Engraving Co... 96, 110, 353, 380, 606, 749 Emmerich & Vonderlehr . 24, 236, 350, 476, 602, 740 Empire Typesetting Machine Co.. 12, 154, 272, 393 Babcock Printing Press Mfg. Co.. 28, 230, 352, 476, 600, 742 Baltimore & Ohio R. R . 604, 743 Barhydt, Prank . 223, 259, 635 Bates Machine Co . 725, 733 Benedict, Geo. H., & Co . 265, 383 Bingham’s, Samuel, Son . 13 Binner Engraving Co.... 22, 144, 267, 377, SOI, 641 Blanchard, Isaac H., & Co . 463, 594, 731 Blomgren Bros. & Co... 116, 138, 264, 478, 510, 739 Brains Publishing Co . 608,. 746 British Printer . 612, 752 Bronson Printers’ Machinery & Warehouse Co . 98, 102, 231, 260, 473, 594, 733 Brown Folding Machine Co.. 117, 151, 351, 384, 600 Brown, L. L., Paper Co . 23, 228, 382, 512, 640 Buckie Printers’ Roller Co . 17, 141, 271 Buffalo Printing Ink Works . 24, 230, 258, 481, 608, 649 Bullock Electric Mfg. Co . 30, 243, 356, 484, 604, 745 Burbank Engraving Co . 223 Business Directory . 122, 246, 362, 488, 614, 754 Butler, J. W., Paper Co..l, 125, 220, 249, 365, 493, 589, 621 Campbell Co . 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 126, 127, 128, 129, 222, 350, 251, 252, 253, 254, 366, 367, 368, 369, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 592, 622, 623, 624, 625 Carver & Swift Stamping Press Co. .136, 221, * 359, 391, 506, 646 Central Electrotype & Engraving Co. 487, 613, 751 Central Paper Co . 115, 238, 355, 481, 609, 747 Challenge Machinery Co. ..12, 97, 98, 154, 221, 272, 336, 461, 462, 473, 503, 589, 638 Chambers Bros. Co . 32, 156, 280, 396, 524, 652 Chandler & Price Co . 98, 105, 146, 346, 459, 507, 645' Chicago Great Western R’y . 242, 358, 486 Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul R’y.. 465, 592, 729 Chicago Paper Co... . 114, 239, 354, 480, 609, 748 Chicago Water Motor & Fan Co . 101, 227, 339 Child Acme Cutter & Press Co.. 118, 141, 223, 344, 483, 521, 743 Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R’y . .243, 356, 465, 612, 745 Coes, Loring, & Co.. 17, 137, 220, 269, 384, 60S, 639 Coloritype Co . 508, 509 Cottrell, C. B., & Sons Co.. 226, 340, 464, 595, 732 Cramer, G., Dry Plate Works ... .32, 156, 280, 396, 524, 652 Crescent Type Co . 472, 736 Crutsinger, C. W . 121, 241, 357, 487, 613, 751 Fairfield Paper Co . Farmer, A. D., & Son Type Pounding Co. 118, Ferguson, J. H . Franklin Engraving & Electrotyping Co.... IS, 135, 261, 374, SOS, Freund, Wm., & Sons . 115, 238, 258, 336, 391, 506, Fuchs & Lang Mfg. Co . 271, 471, 507, Puller, E. C., & Co . Ill, 229, 278, 469, 518, Funk & Wagnalls . 112 222 742 632 748 747 744 634 General Engraving Co . 379, 462 Gladiator Cycle Works . 104, 237, 274, 337 Godfrey & Co . 121, 241, 357, 487, 613 Goes Lithographing Co . . 14, 137, 362, 488, 614 Golding & Co . 96, 223, 336, 459, 589 Grand Rapids Engraving Co . 25, 240, 345 479, 507 Grand Trunk Railway . 726 Gray’s Ferry Printing Ink Works. . . .243, 356 Griffin, H., & Sons . 121, 241, 357, 487, 613 642 390 751 754 729 740 728 487 751 Hamilton, Mfg. Co... 31, 98, 155,, 279, 395, 523 589 Harper Illustrating Syndicate . 227 Harris Automatic Press Co. . . .8, 130, 256, 370 500, 626, 727 Hellmuth, Charles . 117, 234, 350, 483, 521 Hercules Gas Engine Works . 97, 119, 227 259, 336 Hickok, W. O., Mfg. Co . 120, 242, 358, 486 612 Hoe, R., & Co . ; . Hoke Engraving Plate Co _ 14, 238, 355, 471, 605, Huber, J. M . 115, 238, 258, 481, 608, 651 339 729 750 337 752 590 731 746 Illinois Central R. R . . 243 Illinois Engraving Co . 341 Illinois Paper Co . 114, 239, 354, 480, 609 Interior Conduit & Insulation Co _ 28, 231 275, 393, 514 356 467 747 750 Jaenecke Bros. & Fr. Schneeman..9, 131, 255 371, 499 Johnson, Charles Eneu, & Co . Juergens Bros. Co . 123, 247, 344, 475, 607 627 336 643 Keith Paper Co . 113, 152, 351, 385, 605, Kidder Press Mfg. Co ..108, 233, 347, 386, 461, 522, Kissinger & Lau . Koenig, A. W . 101, 227 Krause, Karl . 230, 352, 474, 608 648 637 258 339 740 Davis & Feldman . 224 Delete Chemical Co . 97, 335, 357, 487, 726, 730 Latham Machinery Co... 97, 106, 142, 276, 485 605 646 Levey, Fred’k H., Co.... 25, 240, 345, 475, 607, 643 Lloyd, George E., & Co. 117, 136, 259, 385, 601, 745 LovejoyCo . 121, 241, 357, 487, 613, 751 Maguire & Baucus . 17, 236, 274, 390, 602 Manz, J., &Co . 140, 141, 257, 375, 504, 631 Megill, Edw. L . 115, 238, 355, 470, 609, 748 Mergenthaler Linotype Co ... 18, 99, 149, 224, 343, 387, 502, 636 Miliar Bros . 101 Miller Perforator Co . 225, 355 Missouri Brass Type Foundry Co . . . .122, 246, 363, 489, 615, 755 Monon Route . 242, 358, 752 Morgans- Wilcox Co . 115, 238, 270, 391, 520, 589, 649 Moses, Lionel . 101, 227, 339, 465, 594, 730, 733 Munson Typewriter Co . 120, 242, 358, 486, 612, 752 National Correspondence Institute _ 121, 241, 357, 487, 613, 727, 751 New Champion Press Co . 104, 232, 350, 476, 602, 635 O’Bannon, J. W., Co . 241, 357, 487, 613, 751 Okie, F. E., Co . 220, 264, 265 Olds, P. F., & Son, Engine* Works ...487, 613, 751 Osgood & Co . 25, 240, 345, 475, 607, 643 Oswego Machine Works.. 8, 130, 262, 336, 461, 474, 517, 649, 729 Otto Gas Engine Works . 104, 232, 352,' 482, 503, 740 Paper Mills Co . 114, 239, 354, 480, 609, 746 Parsons Paper Co . 113, 152, 270, 470, 520, 648 Pavyer Printing Machine Works . 115, 238, 270, 481, 608, 746 Pennsylvania Lines . 348 Perfection Type Case Co. . . .590, 601, 648, 727, 746 Photo-Chromotype Engraving Co _ 121, 241, 357, 487, 613, 751 Pope, A. W., & Co . 114, 239, 355, 481, 609 Preston, Richard . 103, 234 Printer and Bookmaker . 355, 471, 506, 748 Profitable Advertising.. 120, 243, 356, 465, 613, 745 Prouty Co . 101, 227, 339, 465, 594, 635, 733 Prouty, Geo. W., Co . 465, 610 Queen City Printing Ink Co . 109, 139, 344, 345, 466, 516, 630 Red Letter . 120, 243 Riverside Paper Co . 148, 394, 628 Rockford Folder Co . 103, 232, 274, 482, 603, 650 Rosback, F. P . 119, 136, 271, 474, 507, 646 Royle, John, & Sons.... 102, 150, 359, 391, 506, 629 St. Louis Photo-Engraving Co. . . Sanders Engraving Co . Santa Fe Route . Scientific American . 120, 242, Seybold Machine Co.. 20, 21, 147, )1, 227, 339, 465, 594, 733 . 514, 633 . 359 Sheridan, T. W. & C. B . 27, Shniedewend, Paul, & Co. 24, 96, Slade, Hipp & Meloy...l21, 241, nith, Milton H . Smith Perforator Co . Southern Railway . Standard Machinery Co . Straeffer & Siedenburg . 121, 358, 486, 612, 752 273, 336, 388, 460, 513, 644, 729 153, 277, 381, SIS 151, 222, 635, 730 357, 487, 613, 751 . 729 ' 357 . 121, 241 . 120 338, 378, 509 243, 356, 486 Sturt nnt, Charles L..101, 227, 339, 465, 594 INDEX. viii Thomson, John, Press Co . . . Thome Typesetting- Machine Co . 137, Union Card & Paper Co. . . , .115, 238, 258, Van Allens & Houghton . 107, 134, 266, Van Dozen Gasoline Engine Co.. 101, 225, 465, .508, 590 370, 626 481, 608, 746 468, 598, 741 339, Want Advertisements... 99, 224, 338, 462, 592, WeUs, Heber . 114, 239, 354, 470, 605, Wesel, F., Mfg. Co.. 29, 151, 222, 258, 385, 601, Western Wheel Works . Weston, Byron, Co . 124, 248, 364, 492, 620, Wetter, Jos., & Co.. 29, 141, 271, 473, 520, 638, White, James,* Co. 96, 114, 239, 354, 480, 609, Whiteson, 1 . 99, Whiting Paper Co... 97, 114, 239, 336, 354, 481, LGE 730 746 638 477 756 728 747 101 Whitlock Machine Co.... 19, 145, 268, 392, 519, 738 344, 470 241, 613, 751 461, 589 113, 237 Yates Mfg. Co . 121, 241, 357 Wild, Anton . 14, 99, 136 Williamson-Haffner Engraving Co... 121 357, 487 Wisconsin Central Lines . Worthy Paper Co . . Zeese, A., & Co. Zeese, A., & Soni - 1S4-4- ® 1807 - A BILL HEAD Is what your customer wants, but he don^t know the kind, the color, the weight or the width. Show Him Butler^ s New Sample Book of Ruled Goods and he’ll know in a minute. If you haven’t got it, get it ! It’s free for the asking — to the Trade. JT contains everything in BUI Heads, Statement Heads, Memo= random Heads, Letter Heads and Envelopes to match. ITS A MONEY MAKER. ITS A TIME SAVER. J. W. Butler Paper Company, CtUCAQO. €: FLAT WRITINGS. PRINTERS’ FANCY STATIONERY. 2 THE INLAND PRINTER. “Centurys” to the right, “Centurys” to the left, “Centurys” in front of you. Being Installed Now! FRANKLIN PRINTING CO., Philadelphia, . . . Their FOURTH Century.” WILL BRADLEY (Wayside Press), Springfield, Mass., . A Century.” THE LOTUS PRESS, New York, . Two Centurys.” THE CHASMAR-WINCHELL CO., New York, . A '' Century.” AMERICAN LITHOGRAPH CO., New York, Their Second and Third '‘Centurys.” THE COLLIERY ENGINEER CO., Scranton, Pa., . .... . Three "Centurys.” LOUNSBERY, NICHOLS & WORTH, Boston, Mass., ..... A "Century.” AMERICAN LABEL CO., Baltimore, Md., . . Two "Centurys.” J. G. SCHAFF'S SONS & CO., Chambersburg, Pa., . A " Century.” KINNARD MFG. CO., Dayton, Ohio, . . A " Century.” KEYSTONE PRINTING CO., Lock HaWn, Pa., . A "Century.” ADAM DIEST, Philadelphia, . ’. .. A "Century.’^ GREAT WESTERN PRINTING CO., St. Louis, . A "Century.” EDEN PUBLISHING CO., St. Louis, . Two " Centurys.” HILL PRINTING CO., Peoria, m., . . . A "Century.” W. N. SPINNING, Rochester, N. Y., . A "Century.” H. M. SMYTHE & CO., St. Paul, Minn., . A " Century.” MORTON, PHILIPS & CO., Montreal, Canada, . A " Century.” NELSON, BAKER & CO., Detroit, . A" Century.” STERETT PRINTING CO., San Francisco, . . A " Century.” FLANHART PRINTING CO., Richmond, Va., ....... A "Century.” ASHBY & VINCENT, Erie, Pa., . A "Century.” THE WERNER CO., Akron, Ohio, . ......A "Century.^' SULLIVAN PRINTING CO., Cincinnati, . A "Century.” HENNEGAN & CO., Cincinnati, . A " Century.” AMUNDSON & CO., Chicago, . Their Second " Century.” BARTLETT & CO., New York, . A "Century.” Whether it be quality or quantity, or both, which you require, the “Century” is the only press you can henceforth afford to use. THE CAMPBELL COMPANY, 334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. 5 Madison Avenue, NEW YORK. NOTE. — In the next issue we shall announce a project which in twelve months will place old-time profits within the reach of progressive printers. THE INLAND PRINTER. 3 ^ _ _ Yy The “Century,” not what it WILL do, but what it HAS DONE. READ— Wynkoop-Hallenbeck-Crawford Co, NEW YORK. March 17, 1897. Gentlemen*. The No. 0 4-roller "Century" press, bed 43x56 inches, has been under my charge for nearly eight months. It is giving perfect satisfaction. I find it fast, rigid, perfect in register, with a good distribution of ink, easy to handle and easily capable of an average output of 14,000 sheets per day. Until recently, however, I have not had an opportunity to test the press to its full capacity, but yesterday I com¬ pleted a run on this machine which resulted in an actual output of 16,750 sheets per day, of ten hours each. This run included the feeder’s putting up his own paper (which was 80 lbs. to the ream, 34x44 inches) and all the other delays incidental to an ordinary day’s work, without pushing. So far as my experience goes the "Century" has exceeded the claims made for it by you when we purchased it. THOMAS B. HULL, Foreman. The Century is a new type of press of but recent inven= tion, and is a vast improvement in all respects over other existing machines. It can be run at a profit where others fail to meet the costs of operation. THE CAMPBELL COMPANY, 334 Dearborn Street, Chicago. 5 Madison Avenue, New York. NOTE. — In the next issue we shall announce a project which in tweive months wiii piace oId=time profits within the reach of progressive printers. ^ 4 THE INLAND PRINTER. fiACCORDANCe WITH TH€ YOTC CAST IN TH€ PRINTCR LAURCATC CONTCST I INAUCURATCD BY THC CAMPBCLL PRINTING PR€SS AND MANUFACTURING J Company in May 1896. w€ hgrgby dgclarc OF New York City TO B€ DULY €L€CT€D Printer Ij aur€at€ of Achcrica AND IN CONFIR¬ MATION TH€R€ OF HAY€ SICN€D THIS CeRTIFICATLON OF €l€CTION, ■PRlNTfiR LAUR€AT€ CoMMITT€€ ■ AVING B€€N OFFICIALLY NOTIFICD BY TH€ PRINTCR LaUR€AT€ CoMMITTCC OF TH€ €L€CTiON ; OF Louis H. Orr of New York as Printcr Laurcatc of Amcrica. W€ hgrcby AWARD TO HIM THC PRIZC OF A XGNTURY ’’ PONY PRGSS AS OFF€R€D BY US IN MAY 1896, AND IN ATTCSTATION THCRCOF HAV€ H€R€BY AFFIXCD OUR HAND AND S€AL. DON'S THIS T€NTH DAY OF Ma.RCH, 1897. Campbsll Printing Prcss and Manufacturing Comranyv®. \G€nL Manager The Above Testimonial Was presented to Mr. Louis H. Orr in certification of liis election as Printer Laureate of America. The ceremony of presentation took place on March 15, 1897, at an informal dinner given by Mr. Orr to the Committee. THE CAMPBELL COMPANY, 334 Dearborn Street, Chicago. 5 Madison Avenue, New York. NOTE. — In the next issue we shall announce a project which in twelve months will place old-time profits within the reach of progressive printers. THE INLAND PRINTER. NOTE. — In the next issue we shall announce a project which in tweive months wiil place old-time profits within the reach of progressive printers. The “Century” Pony which has been presented to the Printer Laureate by The Campbell Company. THE INLAND PRINTER. The Small Cost of the “New Model” Will Surprise You. We will be glad to make you an estimate on the installation of one of these compact, rapid, simple, little newspaper presses set up in your pressroom, complete and ready to run, with no extra cost to you, except for foundation, belting and power. Even if you are not now in the market we will cheerfully furnish you an estimate which will give you an idea of the extremely low figures at which you can now install a Web Press plant. As we carry these machines in stock, we are in a position to fill orders promptly. Write us now if you desire the most favorable proposition. THE CAMPBELL COMPANY, 334 Dearborn St., Chicago. 5 Madison Ave., New York. NOTE. — In the next issue we shall announce a project which in twelve months will place old-time profits within the reach of progressive printers. THE INLAND PRINTER. 7 Patents sustained and infringing users restrained pending the payment of royalties. To all whom it may concern : We take pleasure in announcing that the Bill of Final Decree entered against Messrs. Harden & Rowell, of Lowell, Mass, (former users of a Cox Duplex Press), has been dismissed, our claim against them for infringer s royalty having been settled by their pay¬ ment to us of $2,500 in cash. NOTE. — This dismissal affects only Messrs. Harden & Rowell, and does not relieve other infringers. The Campbell Company. 8 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE HARRIS AUTOMATIC CARD AND ENVELOPE PRESS Is every day receiving compliments from practical printers, whicli we value even more highly than the Medal awarded us at the recent American Insti¬ tute Fair, at Madison Square Garden. The Press feeds itself and prints card stock, eyeletted tags, blotters and envelopes (front or back), at a guaranteed speed of 5,000 per hour. Can you use it in your business? Write for full particulars to the manufacturers, THE HARRIS AUTOMATIC PRESS CO. NILES, OHIO. A Brown (Carver Sutter. » Selling Jlgents « C. R. CARVER, 25 N. Seventh Street, Philadelphia, Pa. VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON, for New York and New England States, 17 to 23 Rose Street, New York City. MILLER & RICHARD, 7 Jordan Street, Toronto. KENNEDY & MASON, 414 E. Pearl Street, Cincinnati. repeats these truths every work¬ ing day in the year : That it has been honestly built ; that its design mechanically is the simplest and best adapted for all classes of work requiring either power or accu¬ racy; that in convenience of oper¬ ating it is unequaled. We could not afford from any standpoint to neglect the important features of capacity or speed. Our patterns are of the latest design and are rigid, handsome, and as nearly perfect as long experience and a continued effort to improve can make them. Duplicate orders from previous users prove the Brown & Carver is a profit producer. Oswego macbitiemorKs, «« n. V. «« THE INLAND PRINTER. 9 jSoticc ! Change of firm. Jaenecke Bros. &f Fr. Schneemann beg to announce that they have purchased Sigmund Ullman* s interest in the firm of Jaenecke-Ullman Co. and will continue the business under the firm name of the hotise, Jaenecke Bros. &f Fr. Schneemann established in Hanover over fifty years ago. We have acquired the assets and assumed the liabilities of the late firm of Jaenecke-Ullman Co. The high standard of the various productions of the late firm will be fully maintained. All Special Inks will be furnished as heretofore , and all orders intrusted to us will he executed faith¬ fully and promptly. Very respectfully , Jaenecke Bros. ^ fr. Schneemann, PRINTING INK MANUFACTURERS, 536-538 PEARL STREET, NEW YORK. 10 THE INLAND PRINTER. Specimens of pi)oto = Zlnc €nsraultis$> FOR(OMMeRCIAL\YORf\ Pne|lLU5TR0ONS. PWJV£^/!/?fi/-50A' 60S /NCO/^POPArfD. j/^ifToNp^c^sm^ (pLORlj/ORK^ ^00-^0^ 2)ead>or/7jt WCAGO.j THE INLAND PRINTER. 11 TWO SPECIALTIES No. 1 — A Book Paper. WRITE FOR SAMPLES, PRINTED AND PLAIN. American Enamel Book (non-coated) never peels in print¬ ing nor cracks in folding. Unquestionably the best and highest grade catalogue stock made, and sold at the price of the low grade coated products. HOOK All the genuine packed with our special ream mark, on which is printed a facsimile of case stencil. No. 2 — A Special Low Price Ledger. MONICO LINEN LEDGER. The strongest, cleanest value ever offered in a No. 2 Ledger. Carried in all Commercial and Blank Book sizes, in weights running from basis 16-lb. Folio to 44-lb. Royal. AMERICAN PAPER COMPANY 50-52-54=56 CUSTOM HOUSE COURT, CHICAGO, ILL. WRITE FOR SAMPLES AND PRICES. 12 THE INLAND PRINTER. Advance 2800 Lever Cutter. Purchasers. Four Sizes: lly^, 25, 30 and 33 inches. You want a first-class machine, one that will last a lifetime; then you will buy the ADVANCE. It has all the important advantag-es enumerated Interchangeable in all parts. All shafts, screws and studs are steel. No lead or soft metal used in bearing's. Has interlocking finger-gauge and clamp. It has figured scale sunk in table. Ne'W style lever, giving increased strength. Knife dips, making easy shear cut. Has gibs and set screws, to take up See the ADVANCE, and you will take no other. Manufacturer’s guarantee with every SOLD BY TYPE FOUNDERS AND DEALERS ONLY. WRITE FOR NEW ILLUSTRATED CIRCULAR. Challenge Safety Key. For all Hempel Quoins. Is provided with rubber guards, which prevent injury to the forms or stone. Key is made of TOOL STEEL, accu¬ rately milled. STYLE B.-For Pressroom. Has short shank, permitting its under cylinders or other places w space is limited. Challenge= Hempel Quoins. Made from special steel mixture, insures highest efficiency and lasting qual¬ ities. Put up in neat car¬ tons. Key Coupon with every package. Save your coupons! All Challenge Keys are made of Tool Steel. Write for descriptive circular, price list and cash discounts.. SOLD BY TYPE FOUNDERS AND DEALERS ONLY. empire Cppesetting D)acl)ine Companp 203 Broadioapy Deu) york* THE EMPIRE SETS ORDINARY TYPE. Thorough Inspection Invited. Requires no machinist, metal or gas. Simple in construction, moderate in price. Rapid and accurate in operation. Admits use of italics, small caps, and black-letter sideheads. Guar¬ anteed speed, 4,500 ems per hour, or no sale. ■ - - AUTOMATIC DISTRIBUTER. = WESTERN AGENTS : = Tti6 Ghallenoe MaclUnerii 6o. ...Sole Manufacturers... CHICAGO. n, D. Farmer Son CAN BE SEEN IN PRACTICAL OPERATION AT OCR SALESROOIMS, 111 & 113 QUINCY STREET, CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 13 14 THE INLAND PRINTER. r?e-ei\g raved Work a special Iv. 14 and 16 ElliCOtt Street, BUrmiO, N.Y. Furnishes only first-class worli ‘ in every respect — aod no doubt vou know good work when vou see it. CHEAPLY AND QUICKLY.... Can Illustrate HOKE CHALK PLATE PROCESS. PRACTICALLY INFALLIBLE. CATALOGUE, PROOFS and PARTICULARS FREE. Those having stereotyping boxes need only a few plates and inexpensive tools in order to commence at once. Those without boxes should order one of our Patent Portable and Detachable Stereotyping Boxes. Best ever invented, and adopted by the U. S. Government, in connection with our improved Furnaces. We have several forms of Furnaces, heated by wood, coal or gas. We make Prepared Paper Matrices, that only require wetting to be ready for use. Stereotype your standing ads. Combined Engraving and Stereotyping Outfits, up. HOKE ENGRAVING PLATE CO. Sole Manufacturers, St. Louis, Mo. LITHOGRAPHING IN ALL ITS BRANCHF.S FOR THE TRADE. Goes Lithographing Co. 160-174 ADAIMS ST. CHICAGO. FOR PUBLIC & HIGH SCHOOLS, LAW, MEDICAL, BUSINESS, TRA I N I NG SCHOOLS a COLLEG ES ALL LITHOGRAPHED, LITHOGRAPHED & PRINTED AND LITHOGRAPHED WITH BLANK SPACES FOR PRINTING. DESCRIPTIVE PRICE LISTS TO THE TRADE. THE INLAND PRINTER. 15 FRANKLIN ENGRAVING & ELECTROTYPING CO. ^ Pf^tOIK THE POPULAR EXPRE55IOH- 5YHOHYnOU5 WITH ^Terfection" *3^ IN THE nAHlNG OF — ” 16 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE DUPLEX PRESS. 61 Not what the MAKERS say, but what the USERS say I •‘REPOSITORY,” Canton, Ohio. 'THE Duplex Press has exceeded our most sanguine expectations in every respect. ^ We have probably used the Cox Press for a longer time than any other company or newspaper plant. We print eight pages daily, twenty-four pagOs Sunday, and a twice- a-week edition, and during the campaign we had a special campaign edition, so that our editions averaged, during the remarkable campaign just closed in Canton, from 20,000 to 25,000 daily. We never lost a mail on account of any shortcoming in the press, and confidently believe the machine one of the best in workmanship and quality of material ever turned out. “TIMES -UNION,” Jacksonville, Florida. have found the Duplex a money-saving machine in every way, and fully believe ’ V we have saved enough, in the four years of its operation, to pay for it. “JOURNAL,” Augusta, Maine. THE Duplex Press is doing good work for us, and saving money each week over what 1 stereotyping would cost us. “EVENING HERALD,” Duluth, Minn. "^^E have used a Duplex Printing Press for nearly four years. Our circulation has ’ ’ increased until today we run over 8,000 copies. It is universal comment that the Duluth Evening Herald is one of the handsomest printed dailies in this country. The Cox Duplex is the greatest, in fact the only, press in this country for a paper with a circulation of 10,000 or under. “News and Telegraph,” Hamilton, Ohio. THE results which we get from the Cox Duplex Press exceed our most sanguine expec- 1 tations. The work it turns out is excellent in the fullest signification of the term. “REVIEW,” Decatur, liiinois. A^E are still more than pleased with our Duplex and are glad on any occasion to tell V V anyone so. “ARGUS,” Cape Town, South Africa, jyiR. A. WILSON, of Battle Creek, has erected for us a Cox Duplex Flat-bed Web Per- f ’ 1 fecting Machine. Today he returns to America, leaving the machine in every way satisfactory, printing four, six, eight or sixteen page papers. “PATRIOT,” Concord, N. H. \^E are having no trouble with our Duplex Press. It is giving satisfaction in ' ' every way. “NEWS,” Mansfield, Ohio. \^E never fail to say a good word for the Cox Press. It is deserving of the highest » ' commendation, and we wish for its manufacturers the greatest success. “HOME NEWS,” New Brunswick, N. J. 1 AM still using the Duplex Press, and have been using it daily for five years. We get A the best of results. I have not yet seen or heard of any machine nearly as good for daily papers of the class for which it is designed. “GAZETTE,” Cedar Rapids, Iowa. A^E have used the Duplex Press five years, during which time it has printed a paper V V every weekday, and today is practically as good as new. It is certainly the most economical press that can be used by daily papers of medium circulation. “FREE PRESS,” London, Ontario. Al^E are still running our Duplex daily, three editions each day, and it goes on as well ' ’ as ever ; in fact, it runs more smoothly now than it did at first. We do not have any trouble with it. “COURIER,” ZanesviHe, Ohio. T BLESS the day that we purchased one of your presses. It has been a source of I great comfort, and a means of joy to everybody about the office. “MIRROR,” Manchester, N. H. THE Cox Press now occupies a position which no other press does, and the newspaper i fraternity should rejoice at the possibilities it presents. New Haven ( Conn.) Publishing Co. THE Cox Duplex in our establishment prints more papers daily than the four stereo- 1 type presses in this city combined. Q) MANUFACTURED ONLY BY THE IS) DUPLEX PRINTING PRESS CO. BATTLE CREEK. MICHIGAN. COPYRIGHTED. Antique Black, $2.00. (504=12.) Light Red, $1.50. (448=89. CINCINNATL NEW YORK. CHICAGO. ST. LOUIS. Our 0ooa$ Curried in $tocR and for Sale hyt Eugbn:^ Lyon, 123 N. Fourth St., Phila., Pa. P. S. Pease & Co., Detroit, Mich. CeEvEeand Papes. Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Chas. a. Smith Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Courier Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Aleing & Cory, Rochester, N.Y. Centrae Ohio Paper Co., Columbus, Ohio. Heybach-Bush Co., Eouisville, Ky. Morgan & Hamieton Co., Nashville, Tenn. F. W. Gardiner Co., Salt Eake, Utah. Bryan Printing Co., Columbia, S. C. State Journae Co., Eincoln, Neb. Aeeing Paper Co., San Antonio, Tex. Western Newspaper Union, Omaha, Neb. Geo. B. Stadden, Minneapolis, Minn. B. M. Wood, Dayton, Ohio. Toronto. Distributing JIgents for Canada: Toronto Type Foundry, Montreal. St. John,N. B. THE INLAND PRINTER. 17 The Buckie Printers’ Roller Co. Manufacturers of * ‘CHILLED PACE*’ Printm’ Rollers Telephone, Harrison 435.... r Satisfaction Guaranteed TRY ©ur Rollers and be c®nvinced,of their Superiority. If you want QOOD ROLLERS, order from US. COMPOSITIONS, 421 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. o fl(£l Xypesetter USES ORDINARY TYPE. NO SPECIAL NICKS. Sets anv length of line, and is operated successfully Pv anv compositor. MH(SOniRE ^ Llmlteo, Pnm© SHireetto Kew Ydprko Paper Cutter Knives.... Wi?™ No “Fake” in our methods. Best Finish, S* LOrilig @068 & 60. Honest Prices, Written Warrant. Try. ^ WORCESTER, MASS. 18 THE INLAND PRINTER. feSBICYCLE ijm'g rider 05^ ^ d. ^ Fine 'HIM' THE «equoi¥ To Bicycle Riders. — — • Book Sianiwfl iJnlMrsli!/ Can be secured by the use of typesetting machines, and the class of work which can thus be turned out is oftentimes preferable to hand-set type. The best publishing houses in the country concede the fact that The Linotype is the only machine on the market which is alike adapted for this work and also for newspaper, tabular, legal and job work. Cost of composition on the Linotype is reduced from 30 per cent to 60 per cent. The Linotype is the only composing machine used by the Canadian and British Governments. NEW FACES EACH ISSUE. ADAPTED FOR SMALL OFFICES. NO BATTERED TYPE, NO PI, NO TEAMS." For specimens of work, pamphlet of small plants, specimen book of faces, etc., address ; piergmillialiir Llitolype to. Tribune Building, NEW YORK CITY. P. T. DODGE, President and Manager. THE INLAND PRINTER. 19 HE modem printing press cannot overcome those physical condi¬ tions of temperature, atmosphere, ink consistency, paper surface coating, etc., etc., that limit the speed at which work may be run. But users of the ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ IN ITS GENERAL FEATURES, Smoothness, Swiftness, Durability of Register, Rigidity and Evenness of Impression, NO PRESS CAN EQUAL IT. ...flew... Cranli JVIovement Whitlock T wo - Re volution Press The following sizes are now on the market. All these machines are fitted with our Patent Printed-Side-Up Delivery ; No. 1. 4=Roner; Bed, 35x47; Type, 30x 44; Speed, 2,040. No. 2. 4=Roller; “ 29x 42; “ 25x38; “ 2,200. No, 6. 2=Roner; “ 27x42; “ 23 x37; “ 2,800. No. 5. 2=Roller; “ 27x31; “ 22 x 28; “ 3,000. Ready for delivery April 15: No. 000. 4=RoIler; Bed, 45x62. Other sizes in preparation. all testify to the fact that the PATENTED features entering into their construction permit of the running of all work at the - - HIGHEST SPEED—— attainable, subject to these ungovernable conditions. The Whitlock Machine Co. NEW YORK, 132 TIMES BUILDING. BOSTON, 10 MASON BUILDING. CHICAGO, 1209 MONADNOCK BUILDING. 20 THE INLAND PRINTER. B Strong Constitution i$ a vital nocmity in a Paper Cutter. SEYBOLD MACHINES CUT A FULL LOAD OF ANYTHING, ^ FROM « > TISSUE TO ^ TARBOARD, SWIFTLY, ^7 WITH ABSOLUTE ACCURACY, WITH NO BREAKS. filff Cbeir C^onveniences will interest Von. Vhe jVIoiiarcb Cutter Combined AUTOMATIC and HAND CLAMP. ^ The shifting of a Lever effects ^ | ^ jnil* ' X^be Capitat |Cutter. j HAND CLAMP ONLY. Cbe Seybold machine Co. Makers of ...... MACHINERY FOR BOOKBINDERS, PRINTERS, LITHOGRAPHERS, ETC. Dayton, Ohio, 53 -ss Eouie St. ¥ mw Vork City-iRoaae $t. A full line in operation. ¥ Chicago. $t. £oui$. THE INLAND PRINTER. 21 % ^ Make work profitable by handling it profitably. Equip each department so that you can justly look to it for returns. ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ The Seybold Job Folder will give your dollars power, because it handles a great range of work. It is so simple that the girl who feeds it can herself adjust it. Think of the jobs you could take profitably that you are now refusing. Opportunities move quickly. Once gone they are hard to regain. ^ May we send details ? Che Seybold machine €o. 22 THE INLAND PRINTER. GENERAL OEEICEG |^RT DEPARTMENT ipnauB ®11L[?)DK]@ VAN BUBEN DEARBORN AND 5T5. PIATE5 MEAN PERFECT PUTE5 Biimer Plates ^ Perfect Plates. j" wur i^aiebi "Eignieen-siory wreaiions win oe seni iree. Aaai BINNER — FISHER BUILDING — CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 23 LL Brown Pap«i*€oiiipanp ADAMS, MASS., U. S. A. LINEN LEDGER AND RECORD TAPERS For Blank Books, Merchants' and Bankers' Ledgers, County or State Records, c/lLL-LINEN TAPERS For Typewriting and Fine Correspondence, TOND TAPERS For Policies, Deeds and Commercial Purposes, HANDMADE TAPERS. We are the only makers of Handmade Paper in the United States, and the increasing de¬ mand for these papers for drawing, water- color painting, correspondence and special book editions, gives ample evidence of their popularity. 0oiiipaini, Be sure to 8pectf>> '^Brown's' paper when Ordenng your Blank Books. kjS' )i& Wi Xiu. Butler Paper Co. Ilf; 2I2-2I8 MONROE ST., !fS li CHICAGO, are Western Agents for feS the Linen Ledger and US M Record, the All -Linen ft and the Bond Papers. 24 THE INLAND PRINTER. Reliance A NEW PRESS OF UNEQUALED STRENGTH AND RIGIDITY. rLF™NE™ND Special Rand press. PROCESS CUTS, Etc. = RAPIDLY ADOPTED BY LEADING ENGRAVERS AND PRINTERS. :low we give a Partial List of Parties who are using these Presses : J. Manz & Co., Chicago, . R. R. Donnelley & Sons Co., Chicago, . The Henry O. Shepard Company, Chicago, . Columbian Engraving and Electrotyping Co., Chicago, .... Blomgren Bros. Co., Chicago, . Binner Engraving Co., Chicago, . Illinois Engraving Co., Chicago, . Behring Engraving Co., Chicago, . Rand, McNally & Co., Chicago, . Franklin Engraving and Electrotyping Co., Chicago, . Chicago Photo-Engraving Co., Chicago, . Fred L. Chapman & Co. (Ram’s Horn), Chicago, . L. Wolff Manufacturing Co., Chicago, . Rogers & Wells, Chicago, . Monarch Engraving Co., Chicago, . A. Glasgow & Co., Buffalo, N. Y., . The Enquirer Co., Buffalo, N. Y., . David C. Cook Publishing Co., Elgin, Ill . The Brandon Printing Co., Nashville, Tenn., . O. M. Pausch, East Saginaw, Mich., . Graf Engraving Co., St. Louis, Mo., . • . The Foote & Davies Co., Atlanta, Ga., . S. R. Mason, Cleveland, Ohio, . Whittet & Shepperson, Richmond, Va., . News Publishing Co., Toledo, Ohio, . University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kan., . Albert B. King & Co., New York City, . Review & Herald Publishing Co., Battle Creek, Mich., . CIRCULAR AND PRICES ON APPLICATION. JVIanufactured by paul Sbntedewend & Co. ^95t i97r 199 Canal Stmt, .....Chicago. abol )VIfg. Co. MANUFACTURERS Prepared Gums, Glues, Sizes and Finishes.. Pastes, Cements.... Mucilages . 15 Gold Street, ^^ew SPHINX PAD CEMENT Sdin &”welt1efnoJadVe^e SPHINX LIQUID GLUE NO.^2 MACHINE GUM ACME ELASTIC COMPOSITION PRESSMAN’S FRIEND TaS no? wrfnkle ^apen^ ARABOL MUCILAGE, XX Ji’rtnt FLEXIBLE GLUE SScKrlli The Question of Ink Comes up every day in the print shop. An ink that will ^'work'^ is the ink to meet the every¬ day need. That is the kind you want. Buffalo Inks always work'' and remember they come in all colors and grades. Our Buffalo Black ** is a winner. Have you ever tried it? Write for specimen and price. Buffalo Printing Ink Works^ ^ Buffalo, N. Y. The EMMERICH Guaranteed output of 2000 sheets or more per hour. Capacity of large sizes limited only by speed of the printing press. OVER 1000 IN USEI emitiericb $ Uonderlebr, 191 and m lUortb $t. Special and Cards, THE INLAND PRINTER. 25 BRANCH omcc5: NewYork. Chicago & Cincinnati. 26 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE INLAND PRINTER. 27 T.W.&C.B.SHERmM(5)y^ White” Paging and Numbering Machine. Paper Cutters and... Bookbinders’ iRacbinerp... N offering the “While” Paging and Numbering Machine, we gladly recom¬ mend it as by far The Best Machine of its kind on the Market. It is simple, durable, light running, very reliable and perfectly constructed. The ink fountains are a great improve¬ ment over the hand inking of all other machines, and the change from consec¬ utive to duplicate, triplicate, etc., is , only the matter of slipping a pawl from one notch to the next. We are now THE SOLE AGENTS for this Machine, and will gladly send circular and list of stock heads on application. Any style head cut to order. T. W. dc G. B. SMCRIDAM, 2, 4 and 6 Reade Street, !NBW YORK. 413 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. 28 THE INLAND PRINTER. £undell l7)otor$ For Direct Connection to any Type of Printing Press or Machine ^ ^ Entire Printing and Bookbinding Establishments equipped with Lundell Motors and Controllers. Enormous losses and inconvenience of shafting and belting obviated. Most compact, efficient and reliable motors on the market. Illustrated catalogue upon application. inurior Conduit and Insulation Co., 527 city. Column OPTIJS/fZJS Stan&0 1l3igb Hbove all others. Babcock Printing Press Manufac- I I turing Co. hold patents covering the delivery used on the Optimus, and also patents covering various devices for accom¬ plishing practically the same result. The popularity of the Optimus has led some manufacturers to attempt to deliver the sheets in the same position. We take this means to call the attention of all concerned to the fact that damages for infringements can be collected from either the user or the maker of such infringing de¬ vice, and also to notify such persons that the Babcock Printing Press Manufacturing Co. will protect its rights by such means as it shall deem best. WE GUARANTEE : The Finest Delivery, the Fastest Two-Revolution of its size, and a Thoroughly First-class Press in every way. BABCOCK POINTING PRESS MFG. CO., new London, conn. BftRNHflRT BROS. & SFINDLER, % buii.de.rs of the. General Western Agents, 183 to 187 Monroe St„ CHICAGO, ILL. FOR SALE BY I ❖ OPTIMUS Two-Revolution, DISPATCH Drum Cylinder, STANDARD Drum Cylinder, REGULAR, COUNTRY ipplication. flND OTHER CYLINDBR PRESSES. THE INLAND PRINTER. 29 /^RC^MANUrACTURERS^^ or THE LATEST IMPROVED ^ 6kctrot>>ping ' JMacbiner^, Power and Hand Molding Presses, Beveling and Squaring Machines, Blackleading Machines, Improved Backing-up Press, Planing and Roughing Machines, Power and Hand Shaving Machines, Daniels Planers, Trimmers and Saws, etc. And carry a full line of all Machines in stock to enable us to furnish a complete plant at short notice. Write us for price and particulars. F. WESEL MEG. CO. Printers’, Bookbinders’, Electrotypers’ and Stereotypers’ ....MACHINERY.... It “Cuts Ice” In the biggest or the least shop where it is employed. The ** Wetter” really makes money for every printer who uses it. We say this because it’s a fact that printers keep dinning into our ears. Its cost is soon wiped out by the extra business it helps you to get out. Write for our fat batch of booklets, JOS. WETTER & CO. Office andWarerooms2_82-84 Fulton St., COr. Gold, ^ NEW YORK. 20=22 Morton Street, = = BROOKLYN, N. Y. For Sale by all Type Founders. The perfect ideal has been attained in this book — “Hints on Imposition.” It contains the most complete instructions for the imposition of book forms. It is the best printers’ hand¬ book published. As an instructor it is AN^ IDEAL. AN ACKNOWLEDGED LEADER! It is published in pocket size (4 inches by 6 inches), which makes it a convenient companion. The subject of the imposition of forms for books of all sizes and kinds is treated in plain terms, which may be easily understood by journeyman or apprentice. The work abounds in illustrations, and the folded sheet is placed beside the form, showing the relation of each to the other. Several chapters are allotted to margins in the form and book, imposition and locking up of pages of unequal size in a form, register, gripper margin, envelope forms, etc. Price, leather, $1.00. Sent postpaid on receipt of price. THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY, 212=214 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. 30 THE INLAND PRINTER. Note Change of Our Name! FROM— - Qnmrsal has excelled all other job presses made at home or abroad during the past 25 years. It is built on correct mechanical principles, gives perfect register, has four times the power of an ordinary job press, and, above all, excels in ink supply and distribution. PdDimr M(£(2(g§§nilne§ lI(D)ir 1. Immense Power Because it is highly important that the impression taken should be so powerful that all the ink deposited on the engraving will be lifted off by the paper at each printing. If any ink is left behind, clean and clear printing is impossible. The Gaily Universal Press is the most powecful of platen presses, exceeding other types of platen presses in this particular by fully fifty per cent. 2. Rigid and Square Impression Because the slightest deflection or rubbing movement will impair the sharpness of the impression, and tends to destroy the engrav¬ ing. Perfect rigidity gives exact register — a most necessary requirement, especially in color printing. The Gaily Universal Press is the only type of printing press which gives a square impact — similar to that of a hand press — on the face of the printed form. Presses of all other types close on the form as a book closes, touching the bottom of the engraving first. No matter how imperceptible this tendency may appear to be, it is fatal to perfect printing. MaiDff^TdDinie PHinitlninig} Perfect Distribution o o Because a half-tone will carry only the merest film of ink, and this must be refined and stretched and smoothed to its ultimate limit to get the full effects of light and shade in color. The Gaily Universal Press is the only type of job press that has a distinct, independent system of distributing rollers, which do nothing but pulverize the ink. On all other types the same rollers distribute and supply ink to the fonn. The processes of distribution on the Gaily Univensal are continuous; on other types of presses, necessarily intermittent. 4. Scientific and Separate Inking of the Form Because the ink must be laid on the engraving swiftly and evenly ; and if the same rollers have to refine or distribute the ink and supply the form they lack time to do it efficiently, as one opera¬ tion or the other is suspended half of the time taken for eacli printing. On the Gaily Universal type of press alone is provision made for an independent ink supply to the form, giving the rollers ample time to thoroughly cover the engraving, and keeping them free from crude, undistributed accumulations of ink. The facsimile in colors of Crosio’s well-known painting on the opposite side of -this sheet was printed on a Gaily Universal, and represents but one of an almost unlimited variety of specimens produced by the process of the PHOTO-COLOKTYPE COMPANY, CHICAGO AND NEW YORK. Paintings in oil or water colors, lithographs, and manufactured articles, can be reproduced with the greatest fidelity of color and detail. SEND F©R THE GHLLY UNIYERSHL eHTHLOGUE OE LUXE T© NEAREST ERANGH H©USE ©F THE o o RMerkaiini Type IF(D)iiiiinider§ ©dD oo GENERAL SELLING AGENTS VoL. XIX — No. 1. CHICAGO, APRIL, 1897. T^PRivr.! i $2 per year, in advance lERMS ^ Single copies, 20 cents. SUCCESSFUL NEWSPAPER PUBLISHING. HERE are many newspapers, but few of them are successful. The successful newspaper is not the one that waits for business to come to it, thinking- it beneath its dig-nity to ask a man for his pat- -ronag-e. It is the one that hustles systematically and continually. It must not be content to confine its hustling- within the four walls where it is pub¬ lished, nor within the boundaries of its city, but it must reach out to every settlement within the range of a discerning mental vision. A paper’s success is measured mainly by the amount and class of adver¬ tising it contains, and it is to this source that it must look for the major portion of its revenue. Therefore we should study how to secure advertis¬ ing, and how to secure it at profitable rates. In order to accomplish this, we must first possess a generous list of the right kind of subscribers, and these are obtained through the character of the paper published. I. THE OFFICE AND THE PAPER. The first aim should be to place in the hands of subscribers a paper that will at once appeal to them as neat, attractive and of unusual value. In order to produce such a paper it is necessary that the mechanical department of the establishment be clean and orderly. There should be careful and continued watchfulness of every detail of each department, and a record kept of the cost in each. A system should be established and maintained in all branches — one that will allow of the least pos¬ sible friction where one department comes in con¬ tact with another, and one which can be adjusted to the changes and demands of an advancing age. Foremen should be secured who will see that such conditions are created and maintained. It is some¬ times difficult to find the proper men, but do not be satisfied until they are found, and when you get the right ones keep them, even if they cost more money. Don’t count the cost of improvements with too great care and anxiety. Procure the means to make your paper a good one, then apply yourself to the work of paying for them. In buying material consult your foremen. There are no better judges of the advisability of what type faces should be purchased than the men who are handling them. You should have this confidence in the ability and judgment of your employes, for any man will and can work to better advantage if he knows his efforts are appreciated. Much has appeared in these pages in deprecation of having insufficient material. Just one case in point. To supply a deficiency of quads in a font of 10-point roman, 6-point quads and two 2-point leads were used, taking much more time and occasionally causing a stickful of ads. to be set by the piece. Figure out the economy (?) ! Say 500 ems a week — 26,000 a year. At 30 cents a thousand this in three years would amount to $23.40. Probably $1 would have purchased all the quads ever required. It is also false economy to buy cheap paper and cheap ink. The time lost on a web press through breakage often more than triples what is gained through cheap paper. Search out and stop these little false economies, and you will have placed a solid foundation stone under the tower of success. Don’t sell your paper for 1 cent — rather ask 2 and make it worth 5. If you force your competi¬ tors to fall to a 1-cent basis, where would be your gain? The recent experience of some New York dailies well illustrates this thought. In shaping the editorial policy, let your first endeavors always be to furnish the news of your 1-8 34 THE INLAND PRINTER. own locality fully and impartially. Do not let politics influence reports of political meetings — the most stanch adherents of your own party are anxious to know the truth. Make it a point to secure all that is possible in the line of personals, social gatherings, weddings and anniversaries. Spell names correctly and get initials accurately. Give full and exhaustive reports of all local conven¬ tions. Those who are interested in each particular event may be relied upon as good material for the subscription canvasser. It is a mistaken idea to imagine that the public will not be satisfied unless they find a certain amount of leaded matter under the head of “ Edi¬ torial.” Avoid cutting reprint digests on the min¬ eral products of Patagonia and kindred subjects, and trying to palm them off as original research. If you cannot find time or material to furnish original editorial, then fill up with miscellany as such. Take a firm stand upon that side of matters of public importance which you believe to be most worthy of support, and stick to it. Have a “ Woman’s Page ” by all means, but do not use up twenty inches or more with an illus¬ trated head. Avoid too many cuts. A page filled with cuts is like an advertisement with nothing but large type — it is neither attractive nor a paying investment. Cuts used with discrimination are desirable, but the greater portion of the depart¬ ment should be carefully selected reading matter, which should partake of a local nature to the full¬ est extent possible. A column of questions an¬ swered, if carefully conducted, will prove very popular. A few words from a mother regarding infantile diet and training touches a responsive chord in another’s heart and an interchange of actual everyday experiences is effected. Secure a young woman, who can do the work in her own home, to edit the page. A young mother and housekeeper, who knows the cares and needs of such, should be chosen, and she should be supplied with all the magazines pertaining to her mission. Another department that is always popular is one devoted to local witticism — amusing events written in a catchy manner. A good serial always pays, but avoid those of no real merit. If your paper is published in a city where the business men draw a portion of their trade from surrounding villages, then do your utmost to fur¬ nish each of these localities with a paper contain¬ ing everything of Jocal interest. Have a corre¬ spondent in each place and be sure you have one who will give time and attention to your interests. These should also act as agents and be empowered to secure subscriptions and advertising in their localities. The problem of compensation is always a difficult one. Many papers offer liberal com¬ missions for all subscriptions received, but no remuneration for corresponding. I believe it is a mistake not to pay something for the amount of news furnished. Stamps, stationery, and a copy of the paper should be supplied free, and in addition to these and commission on subscriptions, a small price per column of accepted matter should be paid. It is better to make a difference in the commission offered for new subscribers and for renewals — say, twenty-five per cent for the former, and ten per cent for the latter. Supply each correspondent with printed instructions as to what to write and how to write it. There is one department of semi-news, the value of which is seldom appreciated. I refer to the description of the workings of public institu¬ tions like the post office, customhouse, etc. An exhaustive article descriptive of how mail is received, sorted and delivered, is sure to be read with interest. If you are in a manufacturing city, describe the manufacture in detail of every article produced. Those who are engaged in its produc¬ tion, and are thoroughly familiar with the proc¬ esses, will be fully as interested as those who know nothing about it. This kind of writing would be of inestimable value in the outlying districts referred to above, if correspondents would write of their own localities. These should be illus¬ trated if possible, but do not attempt this unless the pictures are clear and accurate — it would be far better to publish simply the word-picture. II. QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF CIRCULATION. Now, you have a paper worth many times the price of subscription, and you know it. But how are others going to be convinced of the fact ? Not by devoting a column or more each day to self¬ advertising. Blow your own horn, but get out of doors to do it. Your aim should be not only to secure a large number of subscribers, but to have them of a class that will appeal to advertisers. It is not to the street-car trade that you should cater, but to the home. Many papers call themselves “home papers,” but most of these fall far below their self-styled title. It is not the paper filled with “want” ads. that always goes into the home even if its circulation is phenomenal. Every adver¬ tiser under “Situations Wanted” will buy a paper to see his ad., but he probably has no money to spend on the goods advertised by others. The house-to-house canvass is the most system¬ atic, and for this reason more than any other the most satisfactory. It is not meant that you are to go from door to door requesting everybody to sub¬ scribe. Not at all. Ascertain what paper is being taken in every family in your city ; if the family has ever read your paper ; if they would read it if it was left at their door every day for a week. The paper will speak for itself. At the end of the week a good canvasser should secure as regular THE INLAND PRINTER. 35 subscribers 40 per cent of those who have received the paper. Keep a record of the information ob¬ tained, and at the end of, say, three months, ag-ain try those with whom you have failed. A map of the city is not really necessary for this work, but would be very helpful. Have an indexed blank book, and, beginning with the street coming first alphabetically, on one page put the houses hav¬ ing odd numbers, on the other the even numbers. If you have the book ruled in columns a record could be kept very neatly and with little labor. A form like this would be valuable : SMITH STREET. Result. Subscribed. Call ag-ain. Will subscribe in about two weeks.. Do not resort to coupon schemes to sell your paper. Sell it on its merits or your success will be short-lived. The Boston Herald truly says : “If a newspaper has to give away a coupon or anything else to obtain and hold its circulation, the chances are that an advertiser will have to give something away to be able to sell such a paper’s readers any¬ thing by advertising in it. Newspapers are read ; coupon papers are cut up.” Do not hire sub¬ scribers to subscribe, but rather hire solicitors to secure the subscribers. The Ladies' Home Journal offers no premiums whatever to subscribers, but its liberal offers to those securing lists of these are well known. The scholarships given by this publi¬ cation do an immense amount of good to deserving young people. Offer as premiums something that will appeal particularly to the people in the locality in which you are placed. To illustrate, you might have photographs taken of prominent buildings and interesting places about your city, and offer the collection as a premium for the highest num¬ ber, and single photographs for a nominal number of subscriptions. Cuts might then be made from the photographs and used to illustrate descriptive articles. If you keep up the standard of your paper, sub¬ scriptions will be renewed with little solicitation. If, however, a subscriber shows an inclination to stop his paper, go and see him ; ninety-nine times out of a hundred he will renew. Don’t let sub¬ scriptions run behind. It is better to stop them than to send the paper month after month without pay. If the paper was stopped when the subscrip¬ tion expires, probably 75 per cent would come in and pay up. Most of the remainder would renew with a little urging. When a subscription expires send a printed notification of the fact, urging a renewal, and at the same time setting forth the points in which your paper excels. After sending such a notification, stop the paper, and if you hear John Smith Samuel Jones James White Joseph Rogers nothing from the subscriber in two weeks, look him up. It is only by this systematic attention to each individual that you can hope to maintain a large and ever-increasing subscription list, III. PROCURING AND KEEPING ADVERTISING. Before attempting to secure advertising be sure your rates are based on something tangible. Don’t go by what a competitor charges or what you think an advertiser can be induced to pay. First, ascer¬ tain the cost of producing the paper. Find the expense per year for rent, heat, and light, pay roll of office, editorial department, composing room, and pressroom, wear and tear, paper and ink, and sundries ; from the total of these deduct the income from subscriptions. The balance will show what must be received from advertising in order to pay expenses. Divide this by the number of columns of advertising you should have when your patronage is at par (one-half the number the paper contains is a proper estimate), and the quotient gives the minimum amount that should be charged for a column ad. for one year. This is allowing for no profit, but it will be found to be a higher price than many papers charge, and consequently these must be taking ads. below cost. Increase the proportion for short-time ads. and those of less space in an equitable manner, and you have a card of rates that you can depend upon. In preparing a rate-card to be handed to pros¬ pective advertisers, have a separate table for each space — one inch, two inches, four inches, six inches, one-half column, and column — after this manner (the figures are taken from the card of a weekly paper) : ONE INCH. One month . . . $ 1.50” Two months . 2 75 Three months . . . 4.00 Six months . 7.50 One year . 14.00 It would be a neat arrangement to have each on a card by itself, joined by an eyelet at the corner. The top card could contain simply the name of paper and appropriate announcement. Then when an advertiser had decided what space he would like, he would have before him just the information he desired without having to trace a line from the side to meet one from the top of a complex table. After you have fixed your schedule, stick to it. If foreign advertisers try to coerce you into taking less, tell them, “If you cannot afford to pay these rates it is your misfortune, not our fault. They are worth the money, and we know it.” Refuse to publish any ad. that can be consid¬ ered objectionable. “The course that seems right morally is pretty sure to prove finally the most profitable.” Tell the truth about your circula¬ tion- — there is nothing gained by lying. In solic¬ iting advertising, you can scarcely approach two 36 THE INLAND PRINTER. men in the same manner. Try, if possible, to become acquainted with a prospective customer, socially or incidentally. Ascertain what has been his experience and what is his opinion of adver¬ tising-. You should be able to convince him, if necessary, of the value of advertising, and the par¬ ticular benefits to be derived from patronizing your publication. Tell him that you will try to make his ad. of value to him, that you will write it for him if he wishes, and that you will not persuade him to take more space than you consider will be to his advantage. If in looking over the columns of your contem¬ poraries you are confronted by advertising you have been unable to secure, it is probably due to your publication not ranking first in the estimation of the advertiser, or he has been able to obtain a lower rate than you wished to charge him. If your paper is the best and you fully believe this to be a fact, you should be able to make others believe as you do. If your rates are higher, you must believe your paper is worth what you ask, and you should be able to convince advertisers of this fact also. If you are not gifted with the knack of soliciting, secure a man who is, and if he is convinced of the superior value of your paper as an advertising medium, business must come your way. It is often a good plan to set up an ad. and sub¬ mit a proof to a man upon your first visit, or if your first call is unsuccessful take a proof with you when you go again. Cut an ad. from another pub¬ lication, improve upon it, showing how it would appear in your paper. “Keeping everlastingly at it brings success.” When an advertiser is secured the next en¬ deavor should be to see that the ad. pays him. In your eagerness to secure more do not overlook those already in hand. “A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.” Advertisers should be encouraged rather than discouraged to make fre¬ quent changes. Help your home patrons to pre¬ pare matter that will bring results. Visit their stores or other places of business frequently and induce them to make changes when not inclined. It is a mistake not to set ads. according to the wishes of the advertiser. When display is plainly marked and the general arrangement of the ad. designated, no change should be made without con¬ sulting the advertiser. If time will not admit of this and a change is absolutely necessary, the adver¬ tiser should be visited the following day, and an explanation made. Some papers issue a type book, showing not only samples of type faces but model ads., and it is an excellent idea. See that each advertiser has one, and do all you can to educate and keep them interested in the value of advertis¬ ing, and the most profitable kind of advertising. A word in conclusion. Advertise yourself ! Devise some original means of keeping your paper in the minds of the public continually. Do not put a big display ad. in your own columns — such a course is like a merchant putting a large sign in¬ side his store inviting people to come in. Have neat, attractive cards printed, setting forth the particular points of merit of your publication. If a convention occurs in your locality, circulate an announcement, stating that a detailed and exhaust¬ ive report will be found in each issue. Do not resort to cheap ‘ ‘ dodgers ” — they have a tendency to degrade, and usually do more harm than good. Success in newspaper publishing is not gained through inactivity. Every faculty must be exer¬ cised continually in grasping the smallest thoughts that will in any way aid in the accomplishment of a never-wavering purpose. Samuel F. B. Morse said, “A constant struggle, a ceaseless battle to bring success from inhospitable surroundings, is the price of all great achievements.” Written for The Inland Printer. DRAWING FOR PRINTERS.* BY ERNEST KNAUFFT, Editor of the Art Student and Director of the Chautauqua Society of Pine Arts. There has been in recent years a marked change in the character of the printing done in this country ; plain printing has been superseded by decorative printing, the typographer of a few years back was only a compositor and pressman, today he should be a designer as well. In view of that requirement this little treatise is written, in the hope that, though its advice may not make an illustrator out of its reader, it will at least acquaint him with some principles of design that he may apply in his daily practice. The reader will not be deceived, the writer not misunderstood, if at the outset it is put on record that great success in art is dependent much more upon natural ability, aye, genius, than upon study, and that these chapters can only tell you how to study — they cannot guarantee you success. A man of fifty, a master printer, may study our advice thoroughly and then attempt to draw an elephant chasing an African, and the result may be conspic¬ uously inferior to the treatment of the same sub¬ ject by little eight-year-old Johnny Green who is yet in the primary school ; but Johnny Green may have “an eye for drawing” and our master printer be as devoid of it as is a cow of melody in its voice. Not only is it true that without talent you must not expect to succeed in producing important pic¬ tures, such as full-page illustrations, double-column portraits, poster designs and large work in gen¬ eral, but it is almost more unlikely that you will succeed in designing the most simple tailpiece or initial letter. It is quite natural that you should suppose it a very easy task to design an initial let¬ ter or a tiny silhouette of a leaf or flower, a branch * Copyrig-hted, 1897, by Ernest Knaufft. All rights reserved. Half-tone by Williamson-Haffnek Engraving Co., MOUNT ABRAM, COLORADO. ON THE DES PLAINES RIVER, NEAR CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 39 or wreath or two forming- a “printer’s mark”; every artist in Christendom thinks the same — until he tries it ; hut you would be surprised if I filled up this chapter with g-iving- you the history of certain initial letters and devices, till, tracing- them to their fountain head, we should find that in nine cases out of ten they were designed by the very greatest artists of the time. You can take it as an undisputed fact that should some publishing house wish an ordinary full-page illustration for a book, and at the same time a simple “publisher’s mark,” a device about an inch square for the title-page for that book, they would find ten artists who can execute the for¬ mer to one who can design the latter so that it would be up to the standard of the best “marks ” in history. Is it then, you ask, my intention at the very start to discourage you, and advise you to attempt noth¬ ing because you cannot excel in anything. Not at all. A country editor need not refrain from study¬ ing rhetoric so as to improve the style of his edito¬ rials, just because he knows that without genius he may not expect to equal the diction of Macaulay. The rhetoric may not give him wit to put in his editorials, but it at least may teach him to properly cast his sentences. So this treatise may not supply you with “art feeling,” but it will, we hope, show you how to make a design in a more workmanlike way than you would without our advice ; and we most sincerely advise you to try. Everyone in asking the question, “How should I begin to learn to draw ? ” expects that the answer will direct him to use certain materials in a certain way, and that by the manipulation of these mate¬ rials in this certain way, he will get the desired result.' So far as this treatise is concerned, the reader will be disappointed in this regard ; it is true that the writer is particularly interested in the technic of the different graphic arts, and later on will have something to say about the best methods for pen drawing, for chalk-plate, for wood engrav¬ ing ; but in these first chapters on drawing it must be distinctly understood that our advice is that the student should not worry about what pencil or what paper he should use, or about how his lines should look, but should realize from the outset that his principal study should be the education of his eye. The reason that we do not draw well in infancy is because we have not learned to see. You may take it as a positive fact that the untrained eye of every man sees things in an absolutely incorrect manner, or rather he does not know how he -sees things. Let us take, for an example, an immense factory building with over a hundred windows on its front and on its sides. Let us presume that a man is standing directly in front of the building, the chances are that he sees every window in a tolerably correct manner. He sees that all the windows are alike, etc., that each is a certain distance from the other, etc. Good ! But now let him walk to the end of the building and look at it diagonally ; he still sees the building as he saw it in the front view ; depend upon it, that he sees each window as a perfect rectangle, and each window the same dis¬ tance from the other ; he would be incapable of going home and showing you on a piece of paper the “ direction ” of every window line. Let an artist step in his place and he sees every window different from the other ! You probably do not realize the full truth of this statement at present, but you will after we have our chapter on perspective. For the present please take my word for it, and bear in mind that you must first learn to see. Let us take the caricature by Albert Engstrom for our first lesson. I have se¬ lected it for two reasons, one because it is a cari¬ cature, and I wish our readers to realize that this treatise is going to be of use to printers from the beginning, and that we are going to study drawing in an interest¬ ing manner. Many a printer is as well the pub¬ is h e r of a newspaper and feels that from time to time he would like to publish a caricature to enliven his pages, or at any rate he is interested in the cartoons in the illustrated press, and would like to know how they are done, and the best way to ascertain this knowledge is to practice a little oneself. Besides, the practice of caricaturing is most beneficial to every draftsman ; there have been few great paint¬ ers who have not indulged in it. Another reason for using this cut is that it is drawn in a very simple manner in a few strong lines. While the students at the art schools usually begin to get effects with light and shade, the printer will do well to master outline sooner than light and shade, for it is the most quickly executed and the most easily engraved, and, I need not add, last but not least, most easily printed. I should advise you then to take common¬ place objects that are about the house and make innumerable sketches of them in the manner of this drawing. Take a derby hat for example, place it a little above the eye and endeavor to draw it as Engstrom did his. Do not worry much about your style of drawing, do not complain that your pen will not work and that you cannot get a line varying in thickness like this one ; or if you do succeed, do not ask your friends to admire your Caricature of the artist himself, By Albert Engstrom. 40 THE INLAND PRINTER. handsome pen line ; do not think about your draw¬ ing- at all, but solely about learning- to see. Place the hat above you, notice that you see the under part of the brim nearer you, and the inside of the brim on the far side ; if there is not a head under the hat, endeavor with a sing-le curved line to indi¬ cate as much of the lining as you see ; if you see anything else that is not given in Engstrom’s draw¬ ing and you try to express it as he expresses things you employ an excellent method of study. Next place the hat in the same position but below the eye, on the seat of a chair, and notice that you no longer see under the brims but inside of them ; then place the hat on its crown upon the chair so that we see the oval of the inside of its crown, and endeavor to express that oval with two semi-circles, as simple as the one which Engstrom uses in draw¬ ing the crown of the hat. Again, put the hat on the mantelpiece and draw a side view of it ; this will be more simple than any of the other views. I think that an hour’s practice of this kind will soon convince you that the casual glance of the uneducated eye does not take in a complete or per¬ fect view of an object, but that after you have studied an object with a view to drawing it, you begin to see with more thoroughness. You will, I think, notice, as you walk home in the evening, the contours of the different hats that you see in the hatter's window, and upon the pedestrians ; you will begin to guess how you would draw such a hat or cap, and from time to time you will see headgear that “lends itself to drawing,” as it were; you will say, “when I go home I will try to draw that hat.” If such is the influence upon your mind made by this chapter, we feel sure that you will never regret having read it and given the time to the practice we recommend, and we think that the first step in the study of drawing will have been made, and that you will feel it has been a successful one. {To be continued.) Written for The Inland Printer. ADVERTISING FOR PRINTING. BY PAUL NATHAN. yi DVERTISING is a stepping-stone to success. tv I don’t mean to imply that it will naturally follow that because a man spends considerable money for advertising he is bound to succeed. I know a very large amount of the money spent for advertising is wasted, and in not a few cases has been the direct cause of failure. If the advertising brings in more money than it costs it is good advertising. Advertising a store, for instance, will not result in profit unless there is some reason why people should purchase after they are induced to come into the store. Likewise, advertising a printing office will not result in profit unless the printer can offer to prospective cus¬ tomers some advantage over his competitor, and thus secure the orders. To know what induce¬ ments to advertise involves a study of what the cus¬ tomers expect from their printer, and then arrang¬ ing one’s business to meet these requirements. To do this uniformly requires careful and close atten¬ tion to business, which coupled with good advertis¬ ing wins success. In this way advertising is a stepping-stone to success. It induces the advertiser to give more thought to all the details of his business, and the suc¬ cessful adver¬ tiser is the one who gives more intelligent at¬ tention to his business than his competi¬ tors. If you can¬ not offer some inducement, do not advertise. If there are good reasons why people should give you the preference with their or¬ ders, adver¬ tise it. It is a grave mistake to suppose that a cheap price is the greatest inducement a printer can offer. I believe the crude expression “cheap and nasty” originated in reference to printing. As the two terms are almost inseparable, it would be an insult to the intelligence of the business com¬ munity to claim that price is the only consideration to the merchant when placing an order for print¬ ing, and my experience in the business has taught me that there are other inducements which vastly outweigh this one. Printers as a class are not good advertisers. They seem to believe that advertising is a good thing for other people, but not for themselves. The printing business is one that will respond to advertising, because the pleased customer continues to deal with the printer. Once you gain a new customer, you are apt to hold his trade as long as you continue to satisfy him, and it is not a matter of getting only the profit from a single order. For this reason it pays to advertise printing, even though the expense seems quite considerable. Through advertising it is just as possible to make a customer of the man whose work amounts to sev¬ eral thousand dollars a year as it is to reach one who does not use so much, and it is because of this fact that it pays to advertise liberally. As to the THE INLAND PRINTER. 41 best methods of advertising- printing-, there is no one particular way. There is no one method of advertising- anything- successfully. “All roads lead to Rome.” In order to get the best results, advertising- methods and mediums must be varied. No two people are alike. What appeals to one, falls flat with another. A handsome booklet may secure the attention of one person while a comic Postal Card Announcement. skit or a useful blotter will please another. In order to reach all it is absolutely necessary to resort to various plans and styles. In larg-e cities the least productive advertisings for a printer is advertising in newspapers. A printer’s cus¬ tomers are mostly local, and the circulation of a newspaper spreads over a vast territory that the printer cannot hope to do business in, although he must pay the full advertising rates. It would consequently be a mistake to do much adver¬ tising of this kind, because of the unavoidable waste. Straight personal appeals under full letter postage is the best way to send out printers’ advertising matter. Compile a list of names of people whom you know to be users of printing and with whom you would like to do business. Tell them about your advantages and tell them why it would be to their interest to send their orders to you. Tell them as you would tell them if they were sitting beside your desk and you were talking to them. To make up a proper list of names may require considerable time and some expense, but it is worth all it costs. Keep hammering away at the same names and adding new names whenever there is a chance. Occasionally send some kind of an announcement or reminder to your regular customers. Don’t neglect them. Let them know that you are alive, or some other printer’s advertising may win them over from you ; customers like to know that their printer has enterprise, and when the opportunity presents itself they will be very apt to recommend you to some acquaintance. Put your imprint on your work whenever it is possible. This may be quite small and unobtrusive, but if your work is worthy of an imprint insist on having it appear. Make your own announcements tasteful. Inclose self-addressed envelopes in your corre¬ spondence. If you do a particularly nice piece of printing send samples of it to people who are likely to be interested. Classify your samples in separate sample books and keep duplicate samples to send by mail when necessary. Pad your waste paper and distribute to your customers with your ad. on the back of each pad. Put a neatly printed blotter in every package of ofiice stationery. Remind your customers when it is time to get out a holiday announcement or seasonable circular. Distribute “Early Closing Cards” in summer, and “Please Close the Door” cards in winter. Have a neat and comfortable business ofiice in which to receive your customers. Don’t expect them to stand up in front of a home-made coun- HEARD US BEFORE ? ? ter or transact their business through a hole in a partition. These are just a few suggestions. The writer has no objection to the samples being used by others, and hopes this article may be a stimulus to some of the numerous readers of The Inland Printer. ? ? f WE’RE talking again, — talking to the hard-to-please people who f 1 particular printing. We are Particular Printers j we | I put in that little extra-nice touch that pleases you. Be the job big or | I little, — it's big enough to be well-done. Our Particular Department | I is our whole shop. Ask us to prove it ; we can make you believe that i .. Of..* The best. - I ^^st lUL. The Lotus Press 140 W. 23d Street Blotter. Photo-Chromotype Engraving Company, 719 Vine street, Philadelphia. THE POLAR QUEEN. THE INLAND PRINTER. 43 Published Monthly by THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 212-214 Monroe Street, Chicago, U. S. A. Henry O. Shepard, President. C. F. Whitmarsh, Secretary. A. W. Rathbun, Treasurer. VoL. XIX. APRIL, 1897. No. 1. ADVERTISING RATES The value of The Inland Printer as an advertising- medium is unquestioned. The character of the advertisements now in its columns, and the number of them, tell the whole story. Circulation consid¬ ered, it is the cheapest trade journal in the United States to advertise in. Advertisemei ' THE INLAND PRINTER may be obtained at retail, and subscriptions will be received by all newsdealers and type founders throughout the United States and Canada. Patrons will confer a favor by sending us the names of responsible newsdealers who do not keep it on sale. FOREIGN AGENTS. LESSONS IN DRAWING. Following the policy of finding- out what its readers want to know and then procuring- the information from authoritative sources, The In¬ land Printer has added departments to its con¬ tents that have made it indispensable to prog-ressive printers everywhere. With the development of the trade and the chang-es of methods of printing through the genius of invention, the equipment needed by the printer is somewhat different from that of a few years ago. The advantage of being able to draw — even roughly — the sketch of a piece of work cannot be gainsaid, and that printers are aware of the advantage of this accomplishment has been proved by the numbers of letters inquiring where instruction in drawing and designing may be obtained. To meet this need, at least in part, a new department is opened in this number on “Drawing for Printers.” The scope of the work is described by the first article, and the fascination of the study as well as its utility will no doubt enlist many students among our subscribers. The reputation of the author, Mr. Ernest Knaufft, as a teacher gives these lessons the stamp of an author¬ ity second to none, and as the series progresses the value of the instruction will be tested and examples of the work of the students shown. A NEW DEPARTURE. The Inland Printer announces with regret the resignation of Mr, J. Clyde Oswald, its representative in New York, who has identified himself with the American Boohnaker, the name of which he has changed to the Printer and Book¬ maker. Mr. Oswald will have editorial charge of the paper, in which his marked ability will have, no doubt, a valuable influence in extending its useful¬ ness in the trade. Mr. Oswald leaves The Inland Printer with the cordial good wishes of his asso¬ ciates. His valuable services to the paper have earned it many friends. His work has been of an enduring character, and his ability to make friends and retain them has been extended in his business life, and we look to see the Printer and Bookmaker show evidence of his originality and energy. THE AUTHORITY OF A FOREMAN. Perplexities in appalling numbers sur¬ round the employing printer at times, and those of defective judgment, when free of trouble temporarily, seem to plan traps for themselves without end. In no way is trouble planned for more certainly than in leaving the authority of heads of departments an open question. The foreman of the composing room seeks to dominate the foreman of the pressroom, or the foreman of the bindery, and the janitor wants to boss them all. The superintendent is supreme, of course, but he is only an official of large establishments. Ever and oft there comes a wail from the oppressed to know what is the custom of the trade with foremen and their authority. The employer holds some respon¬ sible for the work of others, yet authority to reg¬ ulate the work is denied by those at fault. A correspondent writes in this regard : “What do you consider the proper authority of a foreman in an office employing, say, twenty-five 44 THE INLAND PRINTER. people, and where the pressroom and composing- room are as one. I am foreman in such an office here. Have all the work to look after, take in the work and send it out. I contend that a foreman can only do his duty by knowing- all the work that comes in, and having- entire control over presses, feeders, printers, etc.” The authority of the foremen of the pressroom, of the composing- room, and of the bindery, are log-ically equal, but all should work into each other’s hands. Where the composing- room foreman has the responsibility of looking- after the work after it leaves his department, he should be g-iven the authority, clearly expressed ; and as the work of a superintendent is demanded of him, he should have the authority of a superintendent, and the employer should make that understood, beyond a doubt, in all departments. DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEWSPAPER PRESS. AMONG the wonderful creations of the inventor’s g-enius shown on every hand in these days of feverish energ-y, the newspaper press, in itself, and in the influences radiating- from it, may be said to stand at the front. The combination of immense power and delicacy of adjustment give these mech¬ anisms a vast interest not only to the printer but to the general public. Watching the flying white path of paper, the subdued roar of the wheels sounds to the ear of fancy as the voice of the genius of the age. The capacity of the various types of presses stagger the imagination, and their suita- -bility to every need of the printer commends the close study and enterprise of their builders. Some¬ thing of a comprehensive account of the output of well-known types of presses may be appreciated at this time, and taking the list alphabetically, the Cox Duplex Printing Press, of Battle Creek, Michi¬ gan, made to perfect and print from the web on a flat bed, without stereotyping, at a speed of 4,500 to 5,500 8-page papers per hour, may be mentioned as meeting such a general demand that it is to be found in many countries outside of the United States, though its perfection only dates from 1892. Before going further we would gladly give lists of offices where the machines mentioned here may be seen, but space will not permit. Those interested should write to the builders, when the information will be promptly given. The Goss Printing Press Company, of Chicago, next claims our attention. Their specialty is the Straightline Compound Press, with a capacity of printing a four to a forty-eight page paper complete, at a speed of from 24,000 to 96,000 per hour, according to the size built. All the webs on this machine are at one end, one below the other, and as the webs pass through the press are printed on all sides, associated together at one common point and folded without deflecting the web in any manner whatever. With the ability to produce a large number of perfected papers per hour, the press is economical of power and of floor space. It is deserving of mention at this point that the Chicago Evening Joui'nal has a battery of these presses, driven by electric motors directly from the driving shaft of the press — a new departure of itself of great interest and value. The presses of R. Hoe & Co., of New York, are remarkable in securing contracts for immense circulations. As one of the oldest press-building establishments, the name of Hoe has become synonymous with printing presses. The largest presses built by the Hoe Company are those of the New York Wo7'ld. The capacity of each of these octuple presses per hour is 96,000 four, six or eight page papers, 72,000 ten-page papers, 60,000 twelve-page papers, 48,000 fourteen or sixteen page papers, 42,000 eighteen-page papers, 36,000 twenty-page papers, or 24,000 twenty-four-page papers. The paper rushes through the cylinders at a speed of thirty-two and a half miles an hour. The press requires the active labor of ten men and boys to operate it and remove the folded sheets as fast as they are printed. The Potter Printing Press Company, of Plain- field, New Jersey, builds a press containing many desirable features. The product of a single press per hour is 12,000 eight-page papers, and on a double press 24,000 twelve-page papers, and the rate of speed is maintained in a larger or smaller machine, which may produce four, eight, twelve, sixteen or more pages. The presses built by Walter Scott & Co., Plain- field, New Jersey, print and deliver papers folded as follows : Single machine, one roll, two pages wide, equal to 12,000 eight pages ; double, equal to 24,000 eight pages, 12,000 sixteen pages; triple, equal to 24,000 four, six, eight, ten and twelve pages, and 12,000 of fourteen, sixteen, twenty and twenty-four pages ; quadruple, equal to 48,000 four, six and eight pages, 24,000 ten, twelve, four¬ teen and sixteen pages, and 12,000 twenty, twenty- four, twenty-eight and thirty-two pages ; sextuple, equal to 48,000 four, six, eight, ten and twelve pages, and 24,000 sixteen, twenty and twenty-four pages (if with an auxiliary folder, it will work 72,000 of eight pages and 36,000 of sixteen pages); octuple, equal to 96,000 four, six and eight pages, 48,000 of ten, twelve, fourteen and sixteen pages, and 24,000 of twenty, twenty-four, twenty-eight and thirty-two pag’es. If it is desired to produce a greater number of smaller papers, such as four or eight pages, it is only necessary to provide addi¬ tional folding machines so that the presses can be worked to their utmost capacity instead of allow¬ ing a part of the printing machine to remain idle while the folding machines are working to their utmost capacity. Thus a machine constructed of three printing presses, single or two pages wide, THE INLAND PRINTER. 45 and one folding- machine, would be capable of run¬ ning- twelve pages as fast as it would four pages ; two of the presses are idle while the four pages were being run from one web through the folder. If it is desired to increase the capacity of this machine so as to produce double the number of four or six pages, an additional folder would be added, and by running another printing press through this folder it would thereby produce 48,000 four-page papers ; again, by slitting the web from the third printing machine and taking one half to one folder and the other half to the other folder, 48,000 six-page papers would be pro¬ duced ; or if desirable to run four pages only, a third folder may be added, running the three webs into three folders and thereby producing four-page papers at a speed of 72,000. It will be understood that by a similar process of manipulation the larger presses, three or four, either single or double width rolls could be made to produce a greater number of papers consisting of a smaller number of pages. This, however, is not usually demanded in practice, as there are very few newspapers now running less than eight pages ; therefore, it would not be desirable for them to have machines constructed to run at their utmost capacity of four pages. There are a number of other desirable presses of which, in the absence of authoritative data, we are unable to give the output. The above, how¬ ever, will be sufficient to indicate the ability of the press builders of America to furnish the news in sufficient quantities to satisfy the cravings of the most curious people on earth. FOUR LANGUAGES DESIRABLE. ALONG with the reports received by the State J~\ Department at Washington from consuls abroad as to the condition of American trade in Europe, come frequent suggestions as to the man¬ ner of printing circulars, catalogues and other matter for distribution. The opinion seems to be unanimous that American exporters are losing business because their business literature is printed in English only. Among others, the Swiss consul writes, under date of January 6, 1897 : '“I have the honor to report that during the year 1896 the increased activity of American merchants and man¬ ufacturers in invading the foreign markets was manifested in this consular district by the distribu¬ tion of numerous catalogues, pamphlets and other printed matter, most attractively and artistically prepared, but, unhappily, not likely to be effective in obtaining business, for the reason that all of them were in the English language, I, therefore, consider it expedient to suggest that hereafter our merchants and manufacturers be advised to have all commercial literature intended for distribution in continental Europe printed in French, German and Italian.” As the consuls are calling the attention of American manufacturers to this fact, printers who seek this class of work will do well to equip their offices with the necessary accented and diph¬ thong letters. Entirely new fonts are not neces¬ sary for the languages mentioned, as even the Germans are beginning to use the roman in prefer¬ ence to the old German letter. A little additional type and the small trouble of translation ought not to deter the publisher of catalogues from issuing printed matter that will reach possible foreign cus¬ tomers in their own or in other languages not so difficult to them as English. It is evident that the present method is wasteful in the extreme. DIRECT ELECTRIC POWER. HE application of direct electric power is be¬ coming increasingly popular with printers, its ready adjustment and simplicity commending it at first sight. That the method is extending to Europe is shown in a brochure, “Direct Electric Power,” recently prepared by Peter Luhn, Bremen, Germany, who writes in explanation of its applica¬ tion, and eulogizes its fitness for the needs of print¬ ers. In a letter to the editor, Herr Luhn says : “I have introduced this power for presses in Germany. With pleasure do I perceive in your December num¬ ber of The Inland Printer that they are arriving closer to the good cause in America. Here in Ger¬ many many firms have already adopted the direct electric power for their machinery, and I believe it would be of interest to your readers to know the firms using this power, and which could be used as a future reference. I have substituted direct electric power for the machinery in my office. The public opinion regarding this power in Germany is in accord with your paper. The direct electric power is the ideal power for a print¬ ing press ; it combines in itself all superior quali¬ ties. It will be very interesting to me in the future to see how this method develops itself in America.” Written for The Inland Printer. LINOTYPE OPERATORS. BY HUGH WALLACE. IN attempting to write anything which would be of particular interest to men working on daily newspapers one discovers, and maybe is surprised at the discovery, there really is very little to write about ; that the work is so routine in its character that the compositor is very much in the nature of a human clock, doing the same thing in the same way day in and day out, sometimes with the strik¬ ing attachment running wild and sometimes with it taken off or under control. The introduction of machinery has added to the routine character of the work in so much as it has done away with the chaff and chatter, discussions, friendly and other¬ wise, which were the feature of distribution time. It must not be understood that because the hours 46 THE INLAND PRINTER. of work are less that the work is so much easier. It is not. On the contrary, a larg-er amount of woi'k is crowded into a shorter space of time, and the clock-like nature of the work which has made the averag-e newspaper compositor devote his spare time to some fad entirely disconnected from his trade is more strong-ly emphasized. I know one operator who takes The Inland Printer because he is an amateur photog-rapher, and the hints he g-ets from the illustrations are useful to him. When one realizes how mechanical and at the same time how nerve-straining the work really is, he naturally looks for the evil effects resulting from it. Lest someone who has seen a printer wearing patent-leather shoes and a white necktie on his way to “the office” should scoff at the idea that typesetting was hard work, it might be well to quote the Encyclopedia Britannica on that point : “Among the industrial pursuits there is none more monotonous and more exacting, none demanding more patience, sustained industry and power of endurance than the compositor’s art.” But when one starts out to find the ill effects which ought to be the result of such monotonous work, he soon learns that the printing business is as full of contradictions as some writer said Scot¬ land was. He said the Scotch were the most con¬ servative people in the world, yet the greatest radi¬ cals were Scotchmen ; they had no flowers, yet landscape gardening was a Scotch specialty ; the climate was the worst in the world, yet Scotchmen wore no breeches and never caught colds. Accord¬ ing to all well-regulated theories, such monotonous work ought to dull the brain and narrow the mind and wear a man out before his time. The theory slips a cog in the case of the printer. It is easy to point out more men who have graduated from the composing room and achieved success in the profes¬ sions, in business and in politics than from any other trade. The average compositor knows as much geography as many school teachers, and more politics than many office holders. If a man has a fair idea of geography and politics, it is an easy matter to make people think he is well informed. And, by the way, isn’t he ? The common belief as to the ill effects of routine work on the health and habits of the compositor is not sustained by facts. There is no doubt the chapel and union meetings and the perpetual strug¬ gle to maintain wages and rights have been useful in counteracting possible bad results in the past. Whether the use of machinery, carefully edited copy and the desire for quantity of work on the part of the publisher will succeed in bringing the operator down to the level of a wheel on the ma¬ chine, is a matter for speculation. If the typo¬ graphical unions are able to maintain the rule that an operator must be a printer first, it will have a good effect, and ought to be heartily indorsed by everybody connected with the business. If the rule is not maintained, it will likely result in the printer- operator being superseded by the youth just out of school, with sufficient knowledge to enable him to follow copy and the young man’s natural ambition to break records and make a reputation, with the almost certain result of failing eyesight when mid¬ dle age is reached or nervous prostration before that time. Conditions seem to favor the unions in this matter. The machine, at present, is complicated, delicate, and a good brand of common sense on the part of the operator is necessary to obtain the best general results. If the machine is simplified, it will result in each operator being his own machin¬ ist (there are many such cases now) and thus keeping up the standard. Written for The Inland Printer. AMENITIES OF PROOFREADING. WHEN the Chicago paper now called the Inter-Ocean was started, in 1865, so many errors, typographical and editorial, appeared in the columns of its issues in the first two or three months, that its editor employed a proofreader of high reputation, fully expecting thus to clear the paper of all error. A paragraph announcing that this reader had been secured was printed just before he began the work, and the assertion that no errors of any kind would appear thereafter was made so positively that he almost refused to under¬ take the work at all. Incredible as the fact may seem, it nevertheless is a fact that absolute perfec¬ tion in typography — that is, in books and periodi¬ cals, or any large volume of work — -is seldom if ever attained, and no modest man will claim for himself even a near approach to infallibility. While this fact is known and partially recognized in the trade, sufficient allowance is seldom made for it and for the circumstances that make it inevitable, and too often employers are not inclined to recog¬ nize it at all. The writer was told by the foreman of a paper on which he was employed some years ago that the editor had given a dozen absolute orders for his discharge, because of typographical errors in matter of which he had read the proof ; and yet there is little doubt that the same editor to-day would assert of the same reader less liability to error than the reader would claim for himself. Perfect freedom from typographical error, how¬ ever, is always the aim of -proofreading, and there is no real legitimate excuse for the printing of any such error, although many good reasons might be given if explanation is called for. Experience teaches that it is seldom wise for a proofreader to attempt to make excuses, or even to try to explain when taxed with carelessness or incompetency, unless specifically requested to do so. Above all. THE INLAND PRINTER. 47 he should avoid the “ baby act,” as we may call the plea, for instance, that his night’s rest has been disturbed, however real such a reason may be to himself. Let him remember that such things are the common lot of humanity, and avoid recourse to such a plea except when he knows that a manly statement of it will be favorably heard, as it may be in the case of one who rarely gives occasion for faultfinding. It is not unlikely that the proof¬ reader who never gives occasion for faultfinding never existed, and never will exist, though many are so very careful and so nearly accurate that they are fairly entitled to rank as first-class read¬ ers, and to be exempt from anything more than a passing allusion if an oversight happens to be noticed. One of the proofreader’s greatest bless¬ ings lies in the fact that editors and employers find comparatively few of the errors that escape the reader. While it is not advisable for the proofreader to attempt elaborate excuses when a foreman or any employer is taking him to task for leaving bad errors, no matter how unjust the heated criticism may be — or perhaps even less then than at any other time — one may well plead in general for more leniency and real justice, on the score of universal human fallibility. Nothing is more exas¬ perating to an author, a publisher, or an editor than the discovery of a bad error in his work. Very naturally the first impulse on such occasion is to discharge the reader as incompetent, even when he has proved his competency by long years of faithful and accurate work. In the latter case it is easy and common to think that he must be getting careless, and no one wants a careless proofreader. But authors, publishers, and editors should remem¬ ber that they frequently blunder in their own work, and there is no probability that others will not do the same. As to the carelessness, it may safely be asserted that even the worst occasional blunder, or even a series of such blunders by a tried and proved worker, does not always establish carelessness as a fact. A case in point is found in one of our best- known cyclopaedias. Proofs of this work were read twice at least in the printing-office before any were sent to the editors, and the copy had been so carefully prepared that the printers had only to follow it exactly. Editorial reading of all the work was done by one of the most careful and accurate proofreaders who ever lived, and each writer had a proof of his own work. Then the printing-office readers went over it as carefully as possible before electrotyping, and even all this was not accounted sufficient, for proofs from the electrotype plates were read by a special expert with the same care as if the matter had had no previous proofreading. After publication the editors received many letters expressing astonishment because of inability to find a typographical error. Yet even while receiving these letters the one who had been responsible for this feature of the work was continually noting errors for correction in the plates. The writer possesses a copy of the work in which some of these errors are marked, and it may be interesting to recount a few of them. In the article on the Albigenses is “ Albigesium,” which should be “Al- bigensium.” The village Aquileia is said to have derived its name from aquila, an eagle, which appeared as a “favorite” omen to its founders, instead of a “favorable” omen. Some other errors are “Areola” for “Arcole,” “ eloquence of style” for “elegance of style,” “palmatic” for “palmitic,” “additions” for “editions,” “Gyrene” for “Cyrenaica,” “Paulo” for “Paolo,” “most heroic epic” for “mock heroic epic,” “grand federal council” for “cantonal grand council,” “Francesca di Rimini” for “Francesca da Rimini,” “animals comprising” (fauna) for “composing,” These are enough to show that the utmost care may fail to secure absolute accuracy. Now let us inquire into a marked difference of circumstances attending the production of different kinds of work. Every person engaged on the book mentioned above worked in a perfectly silent room, without disturbance of any kind, and with no limit of reasonable time. Contrast with this the work on an evening paper. The authorities on the paper desire good proofreading, and often make a great fuss about errors. There is no rea¬ son to suppose that haste will not be detrimental in one place as well as in another. Yet here we have “rush” dinned into our ears continually. One of the greatest drawbacks is in play before the type is set. Editors also have to rush, and as a consequence more than half of the copy is sent to the composing-room without editing. This is unavoidable, beyond question ; and since it is so, reporters should be made to write as carefully as possible. But the reporter will say that he has to “rush” more than any other worker, and it is true that he has reason for such a plea. How is this accumulation of difficulties to be overcome ? There is one way — employment of a sufficient editorial force ; but this is directly opposed to the common economy of such establishments, which dictates as small a force as possible. Is there any justice in making the proofreader assume the largest amount of typographical re¬ sponsibility in such a case? Very many of the proofs come to him accompanied or immediately followed by a demand for the type by the maker- up. He seldom has time for more than a gallop through the matter, and this often with some one leaning over him ready to demand the proof at the first possible moment, or even to remind him con¬ tinually that it is needed at once. In fact, even bits of a proof are often demanded as soon as the 48 THE INLAND PRINTER. reader makes a mark or two. This invariably leads to the habit of tossing- over the proofs in similar haste even when the reader could take time enoug-h to be thoroug-h, and such a habit comes dang-erously near to carelessness. Experience teaches that the man w'ho succeeds in absolutely avoiding- this habit of haste is hard to find, thoug-h there are a few proofreaders who are not really spoiled by it. Written for The Inland Printer. PATENTS OF INTEREST TO PRINTERS. BY CHARLES M’CORMICK. INVENTORS seem to have recovered from the apathy of a few months ago, and their new life and vigor have found a manifestation in many branches of industry. Having temporarily settled the nation’s political question, they have again found time to apply their inventive faculty to the solu¬ tion of the old and perplexing, as well as of new and equally difficult and interesting, problems pertaining to their daily vocations. Their conceptions have, in a great measure, found illustrations in the printing art, and with the pros¬ pects of better and easier times, preparations are being made to enable them to share in the nation’s prosperity. As will be seen in this article, further improvements have been made in the linotype machine of the Mergenthaler type, tending to production of better work and simplification of the operation of the machine. The first four figures illustrate inventions pertaining to the linotype machine, the patents covering which have been assigned to the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, of New York City. Fig. 1 is a part sectional plan of the molding mechanism for linotype machines after the re¬ moval of the top member of the mold block. The patent cover- . j ing this invention was granted to ' John Place, of London, England, ' and the object of the invention is to provide means for stopping off the mold when linotypes, shorter than the minimum length, are required to be made in the machine. To this end an ad¬ justable jaw is provided with a projection of the proper dimen¬ sions to form the filling piece, or liner, of the respective end of the mold block, which liner projects from the jaw in question in the direction of the mold cavity. Consequently the adjustment of the jaw above mentioned effects a cor¬ responding alteration in the length of the mold cavity, and as it is the maximum length of the mold cavity which is always exposed to the action of the ejector blade, no change of the latter is called for. The movable liner is shown at /, on the rear face of the adjustable jaw, and its length rearward from the rear face of said jaw is equal to the width of the mold cavity. Its thickness is exactly equal to the corresponding dimension of the mold cavity, while its width is enough to prevent it giving way under the pressure generated in the mold during the cast, and to generally, in combination with the other two dimen¬ sions, enable it to act as the liner at the left-hand end of the mold cavity. The operative edge of the liner is necessarily aligned with the face of its carrying jaw. James MacKirdy, of Brooklyn, New York, has invented the trimming knife for the slugs or linotypes of a Mergen¬ thaler linotype machine, shown in Fig. 2, which is an inside-face view of the knives and adjacent parts. The slugs are usually ejected from the mold between trimming knives designed to dress their side-faces in order to render them true and of uniform thickness. When the machine is used to produce slugs with overhanging letters, it is neces¬ sary that the knife should be so adjusted as to escape the overhanging letter in order that it may not be sheared from the slug. The stationary knife to trim one side of the slug is shown on the right, which is bolted to the usual knife block. The companion knife is in two parts, adjustable relative to the stationary knife, as usual. The main, or upper section, has a cutting edge along its upper end. The lower section is mounted to slide vertically or longitudinally on the lower end of the upper section, which is reduced in thickness to receive it. The sliding section is held in place by screws passing through slats, and when it is raised to the extreme limit its edge forms a continuation of that of the upper portion of the knife, so that the knife will act throughout the length of the slug, as usual. When, however, the lower section is moved downward, its edge separates from that of the upper and stationary portion, leaving between the two a gap or open¬ ing, through which the overhanging ear on the upper end of Fig. 3. the slug may pass. The shape of the slug is represented in dotted lines. When driven between the knives adjusted as shown, the lower section acts to trim the slug up to a point adjacent to the ear, while the latter is permitted to pass without interruption through the opening to the galley or receiver beyond. If the overhanging ear is located at the lower end of the slug, it is only necessary to raise the lower section a sufficient distance to admit of -the ear passing thereunder. Thus it will be seen that by adjusting the movable part of the knife endwise, the machine may be caused to trim the slug throughout its length, or to permit the passage of slugs having overhanging characters either at the upper or at the lower end. Means are provided by which the lower knife may be quickly adjusted to the dif¬ ferent positions required. Fig. 3 shows another improvement in linotype trimmers, invented by Thomas H. Keller, of New York City. This figure includes a horizontal cross-section showing the upper and lower knives supported by the vise frame, the mold, and ejector blade ; and a perspective detail of the mechanism for actuating the movable knife. This invention is intended to provide for the instantaneous and accurate adjustment of one of the knives without the necessity of removing or sub¬ stituting parts, and consists in mounting in bearings on the THE INLAND PRINTER. 49 outside of the vise frame, a rock-shaft having- at the middle an operating handle and at the two ends eccentric wrists or journals. On the respective wrists are mounted two bars, which are extended inward and mounted on the bolts which retain the knife. It follows from this arrangement that when the rock-shaft is turned by means of its handle the eccentric wrists are caused by the bars to move the lower knife inward or outward — that is, toward or away from the upper knife — according to the direction in which the shaft is turned. It will be observed that under this arrangement the movement of the handle serves to move the knife positively inward or outward, so that the distance between the two knives may be changed to dress the slug to any particular thickness required. Slugs of two thick¬ nesses are usually produced, and in order that the knife may be quickly and accurately adjusted to one or the other of these thicknesses, stops are provided to limit the inward and outward movement of the lower knife. These stops are adjustable and consist of screws tapped through ears on the frame behind the lower knife to limit its outward move¬ ment, and screws tapped into the stationary knife to limit the inward movement of the lower knife. The movable knife will be held in its outward or backward position by the pressure of the slug, and it will be securely held in its inner position by turning the rock-shaft until the eccentrics stand upon or past the center. Fig. 5. Philip T. Dodge, of New York City, has improved the melting pot for slugs, for linotype machines of the Mergen- thaler type, shown in Fig. 4. This invention is to avoid the delay, trouble and expense incident to the usual method of casting the slugs in the molds, which is to deliver the molten metal into the mold through a series of small holes in the mouth of the pot. All difficulties are overcome by the provision of a mouthpiece in which any desired number of delivery holes, commencing at one end, may be closed, according to the length of the mold employed. This is done by combining with the mouth of the pot a movable strip or bar adapted to cover and close the holes. This bar may be arranged to slide endwise into a groove within the mouth¬ piece ; or when the mouthpiece is removable, as usual, a groove may be formed in the face and the closing strip laid removably therein, so that it may be adjustable to one posi¬ tion or another, as demanded. The figure is a perspective view of the usual removable mouthpiece provided with the improvement. William E. Taylor, of Omaha, Nebraska, has invented the machine shown in Fig. 5 — which is a longitudinal, vertical section central of the feed channel — for automati¬ cally cleaning the matrices used in the Mergenthaler lino¬ type machine. The matrices heretofore have been cleaned by washing them in benzine, which is an objectionable chemical. They have also been cleaned by rubbing the matrices, one by one, on a cloth or felt covered board, this 1-4 being a tedious and time-consuming method, because in the ordinary machine there are employed over sixteen hundred matrices in a set ; but the thorough cleaning of the same is an absolute necessity to the proper working of the machine. All difficulties and objections are intended to be overcome by the machine shown in the figure, which includes means for assembling the matrices, after cleaning, right side up, Fig. 6. in a galley ready for being replaced in a linotype machine in usual order. Both the faces and reverse edges of the matrices are first cleaned and then the opposite flat sides thereof. The matrices are arranged in proper order and then placed by hand in a feed channel, in advance of a feed head, which, upon being released by the operator, will be advanced by the driving mechanism of the machine, the matrices being carried into engagement with a holder bar, after which they are advanced by the feed head under a ver¬ tically arranged, revolving cleaning brush, which comes in contact with the upper reverse edges of the matrices. This brush is mounted above the table in a reciprocating car¬ riage which moves the same back and forth over the matrices while the latter are being advanced, thus insuring a thor¬ ough cleaning. On the under side of the table is mounted a rotating and reciprocating cleaning brush in all respects similar to the one arranged above the table. This lower brush is arranged at one side of, and parallel with, the upper brush, and its reciprocating movement carries it from end to end of the lower face edges of the matrices which are thereby cleaned in the same manner as the reverse edges. The lower brush projects through an opening in the table adjacent to the inner end of the feed channel or groove, thus enabling it to operate upon the matrices before they are carried to another part of the machine. After leaving the lower cleaning brush the matrices are separately shifted into position to be caught, and carried along, by an endless carrier chain, which conducts each matrix between two horizontally disposed, rotating cleaning brushes, arranged above the table, which clean the opposite sides of the 50 THE INLAND PRINTER. mtitrices. The matrices are next advanced by the carrier chain into contact with a stationary, but removable, horizon¬ tally disposed brush, projecting into the path of movement of the matrices. This brush subserves the double function of assisting in cleaning one side of the matrices and of pre¬ venting the latter from being thrown forward in advance of the carrier chain by the rotary action of the adjacent clean¬ ing brushes. The matrices are next carried by the chain Fig. into a guide hood, communicating with a deflecting chute, leading to a galley box, in which latter the matrices are deposited as they fall from the chain. They are thus assem¬ bled and ready for being placed in the linotype machine. The printing press shown in Fig. 6 involves improve¬ ments covered by a patent to Charles G. Harris, of Niles, and John F. McNutt, of Warren, Ohio — McNutt having assigned to Harris. The press is particularly intended to print cards and envelopes. Among the objects of the inven¬ tion are the provision of means for clamping type forms on the type-carrying cylinder ; to so mount the impression cyl¬ inder that the position thereof can be readily and easily adjusted ; to provide a simple tripping device for engaging the cards or envelopes as they are fed to the press, so that in the event of any irregularity or interruption in the feed, the press may be stopped and the impression cylinder lowered ; and to provide a feeder for one card at a time from the bot¬ tom of a stack. Other means are provided for controlling the passage of the cards to the press ; for directing the dis¬ charge of cards improperly printed into a separate compart¬ ment, and to improve the operating mechanism of the ink- distributing roll. The flgure is a perspective view of the press, some of the parts being omitted and other parts broken away for better illustration. The printing press shown in Fig. 7 is the invention of Henry H. Cummings, of Malden, Massachusetts, who has assigned to the New Multiple Press Company, of Boston, Massachusetts. The figure shows a portion of the press in perspective, particularly illustrating the rotary form bed, supply box and adjacent cooperating parts. The press is more especially adapted for printing matter which is to be automatically collated in regular order, said press being useful in printing envelopes for weekly offerings, calen¬ dars, cards for games, etc., and has means whereby the envelopes being printed may be numbered to designate the order of arrangement in pack¬ ages. The envelope is taken automatically from a pile in a supply box, is fed to a multi¬ sided platen, which, besides being moved to and from the form, is also rotated to there¬ by enable one side of the plat¬ en to be supplied with a sheet while another sheet held at another side of the platen is being numbered, and another sheet at another side of the platen is being printed. The numbered and printed sheet taken from the platen is automatically transferred into a receiving box. In order that the work may be done expe¬ ditiously and practically, a number of forms are employed, which are arranged in the proper order about a movable bed of circular outline, each form or type being held in a proper block, or chase, said blocks being connected to the bed, which is given rotary motion. During the time the sheet carried by the platen is held in printing contact with the form which is revolving on the bed, the said platen and bed are locked together, so that they travel in unison for a short distance. Combined with the platen is a num¬ bering mechanism having inking devices, the same being an “ auxiliary printing mechanism ” which prints the num¬ bers on the sheets while held by the platen, and is auto¬ matically ratcheted along to in¬ crease the number, one for each rotation of the bed. The inking rolls are supplied at the proper time with ink by means of a ductor roll. The sheets to be printed are arranged in a pile in the supply box, and the pile will be so laid that the main part of the weight of the mass resting on the bottom plate of the supply box will fall upon the outer ends of the lowermost sheets, leaving the inner ends under but little weight, in order that a separating device may readily detach the end of said sheet from the sheet above it, so that its ends may be engaged by the carrier which is to take the sheet from the pile and transfer it to the holding mechanism of the platen. The separating device is a suction working continually to cause the inner end of the lowermost envelope of the pile to adhere to it. Elmer Curnutt, of Colony, Kansas, has invented the press show in Fig. 8, the structure of which is intended to simplify and improve the ink-distributing mechanism, to provide an automatic grip for holding the sheets of paper upon the form, and to furnish simple and efficient mechan¬ ism for actuating the fly so that its movement will be timed to correspond with the movements of the other parts of the press. The press is hand operated, and the type bed is reciprocated in the frame alternately beneath the press platen and paper table. The platen is depressed by a hand- operated, toggle-lever mechanism. The ink plate is ar¬ ranged horizontally upon a vertical pivot and is held from longitudinal movement relative to the type bed. The recip¬ rocation of the type bed causes an intermittent rotation of the ink plate, resulting in the presentation of a new ink THE INLAND PRINTER. 51 surface to the roller in each reciprocation of the bed. The vibrating- paper table and rocking- fly are supported in a supplemental frame located in front of the main frame. As the inking roller moves toward the platei-i, its actuating mechanism operates upon the paper table to raise the same to allow the roller to pass. The type bed is provided with gripping fingers for holding the paper. As the bed begins to move from under the platen, the advance edge of the paper is directed upon the fly, and upon completion of the travel of the bed, the gripping fingers are released and the fiy takes the printed sheet and throws it upon a receiving table. The action of the fly is caused by contact of the bed with tripping mechanism. The printing machine shown in Fig. 9 is covered by pat- tent to Wilhelm M. Rockstroh, of Plauen, Germany. The cylinder is mounted in unadjustable, stationary bearings. The form is adjustable parallel to its bed and consequently to the cylinder. In order to prevent any yielding of the cylinder, it is provided with a number of internal arms or cross-shaped frames, and also with helical ribs that cross one another, thus producing a rigid cylinder surface which will not yield at any point. The usual carriage, supported in the manner of ordinary vehicles, is supplemented by a second way or track disposed between the wheels of the Fig. 12. first way or track. This increases the support of the form. Prismatic guides are disposed between adjustable rollers to prevent lateral and upward shifting of the form. Other im¬ provements relate to blanket clamping devices, and the dis¬ tributing rollers cooperating with the ink cylinder. Figs. 10 and 11 show registering mechanism for printing presses, each covered by a patent to Winfield S. Huson, of Taunton, Massachusetts, who has assigned both patents to the Campbell Printing Press & Manufacturing Company, of New York City. The aim of the inventions is to provide means for securing absolute and perfect register between the impression cylinder and reciprocating bed of the press. The impression cylinder is carried by a shaft also carrying loosely a gear which cooperates with a rack carried by the reciprocating bed. The cylinder is made to actuate the gear by connecting pins, permitting said gear to slide later¬ ally on the actuating shaft. In Fig. 10 the loose gear is caused to slide laterally relative to the rack and cylinder, the rack and gear cooperating when the bed is making its printing stroke, and the rack passing beyond the gear when said stroke is completed, the cylinder then being raised and the gear being shifted to permit the retrograde move¬ ment of the bed and rack. Fig. 11 shows a form wherein the rack of the bed is laterally shiftable, while the gear is fixed to the impression cylinder. This shifting movement may be given in a right line, as shown, or in the arc of a circle, by pivoting the rack. Fig. 13. Charles G. Harris, of Niles, Ohio, has invented the im¬ provement in paper-feeding apparatus for printing presses shown in Fig. 12. The type and impression cylinders are supported one above the other in the frame, the impression cylinder being driven by suitable mechanism and imparting its movement, by gearing, to the type cylinder. Means are employed for adjusting the cylinders relatively, and also to permit the same to work freely and prevent all jarring and unevenness of movement. Suitable mechanism is provided for positioning a sheet of paper to be printed, the same being given an accelerated movement — that is, caused to travel at a speed greater than that of the rotation of the impression cylinder — thus feeding the paper against stop pins on said cylinder in advance of the contact of the print¬ ing plate. Fig. 13 shows an improvement in the same line of inven¬ tion as the preceding figure, also granted to Charles G. Harris, vvho has assigned, in this instance, to the Harris Automatic Press Company, of Niles, Ohio. The impression cylinder has stops or rigid devices, and in operation has a given speed. The feeding mechanism consists of two rotat¬ ing shafts driven at the same speed, which is greater than that of the cylinder. The lower shaft has also a movement to and from the other, but not sufficient to disengage their driving connections. Each carries a pair of feeding rings which carry the paper forward to engage with the stops on the impression cylinder. The type cylinder is shown in dotted lines. The printing press shown in Fig. 14 also embodies an improvement of Charles G. Harris, of Niles, Ohio. He has found that in rapidly operated presses the printed sheets become charged with frictional electricity which causes said sheets to curl and coil back upon the cylinder and press wheels, causing loss of time by interference with the operation of the press. To prevent this a roll is located in 52 THE INLAND PRINTER. juxtaposition to the discharging point of the press. The body of this roll may be composed of felt, cloth, soft paper, or other absorbent material capable of being maintained in a moistened state. The motion given the roll is faster than that of the printed sheet, the discharge of which is thus accelerated, and the centrifugal force of the roll will tend to maintain the moisture at the surface and keep it uniformly dampened. The lo¬ cation of the roll is such as to prevent the tendency of the sheet to coil and the latter falls directly to the receiving table, and the moisture serves to effectively remove and conduct away the electricity with which said sheet may be charged. George P. Fenner, of New London, Connecticut, has invented the driving mechanism for printing presses shown in Fig. 15. The driving shaft, a section only being shown, is connected to the rotating and oscillating shaft which actuates the type bed, by a universal joint. This joint con¬ sists of four links, two of which are jointed to a head on the driving shaft and two to a similar head on the driven shaft. The links of one shaft are connected to respective links of the other shaft by ball-and-socket joints. The sockets are removable, and likewise the balls, so as to be replaced in case of wear. The printer’s leader shown in Fig. 16 is the invention of John J. Mosher, of Rochester, New York, who has assigned one-half to Augustus W. Crittenden, of Washington, D. C. The leader consists of a strip of hard, durable material, as brass rule, of the height of the complete article, but not of type width, combined with a body of cheaper material, as lead or type metal, permanently united to the said strip. The two thicknesses make the leader the desired type width and cause the face of the rule to line with the face of the type. The typesetting appliance shown in Fig. 17 is the inven¬ tion of Louis K. Johnson and Abbot A. Low, of Brooklyn, New York, who have assigned to the Alden Type Machine Company, of New York City. The invention is a setter case of the form wherein are employed a series of interchange¬ able channel holders which fit into or upon a common table or support. The holder is adapted to receive and support various widths of type channels, so as to render the holder universal in adaptation, a single case or series of holders answering for all the fonts used in ordinary composition. Fig. is. The body of the holder is made in two parts, one piece fitting upon the table and being formed with the type and channel platform; and the other piece being adjustable vertically upon the first to gauge the number of types to be removed from the channel, and being formed with a guiding groove for the upper type, and with an opening through which the upper type may be grasped for removal. By this construction any holder in a series may be quickly removed from or inserted into position on the common support with¬ out interfering with or disturbing those next adjoining. Fig. 18 shows a paper-feeding machine, invented by Edward Dummer, of Newton, Massachusetts, who has assigned to the Dummer Paper Feeder Company, of Portland, Maine. This machine in¬ cludes means for allowing one sheet to lap over another, between the mech¬ anism for separat¬ ing the sheets from a pile and the place where they are to be seized or oper¬ ated upon, as in a printing or folding machine. Means are also provided for stopping the printing machine when the separator or other mechanism fails to carry or seize a sheet as required ; also for detecting and indicating the passage of more than the desired number of sheets, and when this happens, to stop the feeder, print¬ ing or other machine. THE SCHMIDT LABEL & LITHOGRAPHING COM¬ PANY, SAN FRANCISCO. BY STYLUS. ALTHOUGH not one of the oldest establishments in San /-X Francisco, few of the printing firms have surmounted so many difficulties, and none have achieved the suc¬ cess of the Schmidt Label & Lithographing Company. Its success is more notable because its founder and moving spirit was not trained to the business, and it was one of those apparent acci¬ dents which led him into it. Max Schmidt was born at the village of Schon- baum, near Dantzig, Ger¬ many, forty-six years ago. He came to San Francisco when about twenty, reach¬ ing that port December 9, 1871, as an able seaman on the bark Emily. The following three years were attended with the usual experiences of an energetic young man who was willing to engage in any honorable employment, and he tried various occupations — driving a baker’s wagon, handling baggage as a porter, and working in a restaurant. One day he saw an advertisement in the Daily Stock Report : “ Transferrer wanted ; wages, $35 per week.” Concluding that his knowl¬ edge of hauling baggage for a transfer company might have fitted him for the place, -and very much desiring to earn $35 per week, he applied for the place. The late Mr. Hiester met him in the interview, and had a hearty laugh at the expense of the young German. However, he was pleased with the earnestness of the young man, and gave him work around the office, which led Mr. Schmidt to think of the business as one in which he might engage. At that time zincographing was yet in its infancy, and he applied himself to the mastery of its details. In the early part of 1874 Mr. Schmidt opened business on hi§ own account, at 535 Clay street, with a capital of $40.75 THE INLAND PRINTER. 53 all told. He took orders for zincographs, did as much of the work himself as possible, and gradually enlarged his field by including lithographing and printing. For a time he gave considerable employment to Kane & Cook, printers, then located at 422 Commercial street, where Mr. Schmidt had taken a portion of the room, for which he was paying $25 per month rent, and with a lithographic hand press for transferring the drawings he was sending out lithographic presswork. Business prospered, he began to buy printing presses, and later made a specialty of labels of all kinds. One after another of the smaller concerns sold out their stock and good will in the label business, among them Chaigneau & Co., and Mercado & Shoaf. The first decided impetus to his business was about 1880, when Pettit & Russ failed, and their well-equipped estab¬ lishment came into his hands at the moderate price of $15,000. It was about this time that his business was incor¬ porated, and all necessary capital was placed at his dis¬ posal. It now became necessary to seek more extensive premises, and two large floors were taken at 27 Main street. Printing and lithographic presses were added at a rapid rate, and the business flourished. The first reverse came in June, 1884, when the place was burned and the loss consid¬ ered total. The presses were overhauled, new ones were bought, and business resumed at once. In August, 1886, came the second and equally destructive fire, when every¬ thing was again destroyed. A less ambitious man, en¬ dowed with less pluck and energy, njust have sunk under this second disaster ; but the business never stopped. While the fire was still smoldering, and a relay engine throwing a steady stream on the ruin, the label plant of the Bancroft Company, the chief competitor, was purchased, at a cost of $40,000, and the work went on with little inter¬ ruption. Contracts were made with other printing and lith¬ ographing firms for such portions of the work as could not be delayed, the place was entirely rebuilt on a new plan, and the entire three floors and basement of the building, which is 137 by 137 feet, were taken. The establishment is equipped primarily for label work, but all the collateral branches have been incorporated with it. There are 13 stop-cylinder presses, 4 small cylinder or pony presses, 7 platen jobbers, 10 large lithographic cylin¬ ders, 10 lithographic hand presses, 3 Colt’s Armory presses for cutting and embossing, 7 steam cutters, and 4 bronzing machines. Besides the above there is a complete electrotype foundry, a bindery, and a folding paper-box plant. Proba¬ bly the most ingenious of the labor-saving devices is the auto¬ matic drying apparatus in the glossing room. At first the Fernow apparatus was used, but it required a gang of opera¬ tives to take the sheets from the glossing machine and hang them on the wires. Mr. Rahsskopf, the superintendent, invented an automatic carrier which requires no attendants, and its movements are rapid and certain. It requires about one week for the sheets to dry thoroughly after glossing, before they are ready to cut and pack. As the glossing machines have a capacity of 30,000 sheets per day, there is thus constantly in the drying room about 200,000 full sheets. The business of the establishment is not confined to Cali¬ fornia by any means. Large orders are booked annually from the salmon canneries in Alaska and British Columbia, from the starch and corn canneries in Iowa, Nebraska, and other Western States, and from fruit canneries in the East and South. The directors of the Schmidt Label & Lithographing Company are as follows : Max Schmidt, who is president and manager ; James Moifitt, E. L. Heuter, P. D. Cole, and A. W. Newbauer. The superintendent of the establish¬ ment, and the mechanical genius of the place, who is thor¬ oughly familiar with every detail of the work, is Carl Rahsskopf, a native of Coblentz, on the Rhine, who came to America in 1865. Having learned the trade of mathematical instrument maker in his boyhood, he followed that occupa¬ tion for four years in New York, when he came to San Fran¬ cisco and began business for himself. In 1880, on the incor¬ poration of the Schmidt Label & Lithographing Company, he sold out his business and took the superintendency. To his intelligent handling of the work is largely due the suc¬ cess of the business. The foreman of the composing room is Charles H. Dettmar, who has been in charge since 1884, and the foreman of the glossing department is John J. McMahon, another old employe. “Apkil Fool’s Day.” Chicag-o Record’s Want Ad. Illustrations. Drawn by Fred Richardson. CURIOSITIES OF THE CALENDAR. Even our erratic friend the calendar has a few rules and regulations which are as firm as the laws of the Medes and Persians. One is that no century can begin on a Wednes¬ day, Friday or Sunday. Another is that October commences always on the same day of the week as January, April on the same day as July, and December on the same day as September. February, March and November also begin on the same day. June and August alone do not consent to be matched in this manner. These rules do not hold good in leap years. The ordinary year always begins and ends on the same day of the week. And those who are of a frugal mind may be glad to know that the calendar repeats itself every twenty-eight years ; so that if anyone preserves the- calendar of 1896, he will be able to use it again in the year of grace 1924. — Scottish Typographical Circular. The first meeting of the Associated Advertisers’ Club of Chicago was held at the Palmer House recently. The aim of this club is to bring advertisers together and give them a place of meeting where topics of interest may be discussed and social pleasures enjoyed. Merchants who advertise, newspaper publishers, advertising agents, employing print¬ ers, artists and others in this class of work are eligible to membership, the limit of which is fixed at 250. Yearly dues are $30. Photo by John H. Tarbell, Asheville, N. C. A DEBATED QUESTION. THE INLAND PRINTER. 55 While our columns are always open for the discussion of any relevant subject, we do not necessarily indorse the opinions of contributors. Anony¬ mous letters will not be noticed ; therefore correspondents will please give names — not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. All letters of more than 1,000 words wiU be subject to revision. SHE HELPS MR. ADDISON. To the Editor : Toronto, Canada, February 20, 1897. We have a young woman who holds copy for the proof¬ reader and who helps Mr. Addison do things. Besides this, she writes poetry. The inclosed is a sample. A. W. Law. THE PRINTER’S PARADISE. A story I’ve to tell you, and I’ll put it into rhyme. Of an office where the state of things just bordered on sublime. The boss was just a paragon, and all things smoothly ran, For everyone was satisfied — from devil up to man. The hours were all could be desired, from half past 8 till 5, On Saturdays they worked till 12, and so were bound to thrive. That bane of printers — bronze — never came inside the place, And none but strictly first-class work e’er was locked up in a chase. The proofreader’s task was a sinecure — he had little work to do. For everyone knew how to spell, and so mistakes were few. A picnic in the summer, and a sleigh-ride in the winter. Relieved monotony and “set up” the spirits of each printer. Wages were good — and — let me whisper in your ear, A raise was given to every worker three times in each year. No one ever thought of loafing, and work went on the same When the boss’ back was turned as when his eye was on each frame. Swearing was an unknown thing, from boss to message boy ; Prayer meeting held at noon filled each printer’s heart with joy. And so I think you’ll all agree with me when I insist That a better state of things could really not exist. Just here a voice rings out like a peal of well-toned chimes, “Want to know the office, do you? It’s The Monetary Times.” So I looked around the office, and the thought then o’er me came. How good ’twould be if every printing office were the same. But, alas ! the poet tells us “ all things are not what they seem,” And my heart was nigh to breaking when I woke from my dream. When my earthly “ chase ” is over and grim death “ locks up ” my “ form ” May '■'■Here rests an honest Printer" be read by those who mourn. —Anon. LABOR-SAVING BORDERS FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. To the Editor : Sedadia, Mo., March 1, 1897. I think I am just on the point of immortalizing myself, and hasten to share the honor and glory with my fellow- craftsmen. The composition of ads. on daily papers has become a separate art. The use of borders has grown amazingly during the past few months, and the production of these borders in a labor-saving form is my theme. I would use 3-point borders, say, on the outer edge of a 6-point body, making right and left corner pieces. A font should contain five characters — right and left corner pieces, 6 by 36 points ; center pieces 6 by 30 points ; one piece 6 by 12 points, and one piece 6 by 6 points, in proper proportion. This putting the 3-point border on the outer edge of a 6-point body would give plenty of white between border and matter inclosed in a “box” six pica ems wide, the matter being set five ems pica wide. Two center pieces at top and bottom would fit the length of the “box” to suit the space. Two of these “boxes” would then go into a 13-em measure with a pica between, or four in a 26^ -em measure with a 10-point between. Founders make scores of 3-point borders which could thus be treated for newspaper work, and the plan could be extended to 9 and 12 point borders as well, my object being to save justification for white between border and matter and to facilitate the work of “hurry” ads. on daily papers. The border would justify itself in the 6-pica size, the compositor using a stick set to 6, 5 or 13 ems pica. G. A. Cook. NOT PRACTICAL. To the Editor : Providence, R. I., Feb. 24, 1897. I take great pleasure in the monthly visits of your hand¬ some journal, especially in the display and criticism of job composition, and the handsome covers by Bradley, Bird, Leyendecker, Landers, and others. But I often wonder why it is you never give us any cover designs in type. With the material at your disposal, and the artists among your staff of comps., you might get up some “ stunners,” and I, for one, would like them very much, and have no doubt “there are others.” Why not try us with them for just one volume? S. J. K. HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE. To the Editor : Colorado Springs, Feb. 21, 1897. I want to register my “ kick ” with that of “ Decency,” in his protest against the use of lewd pictures in your most (otherwise) splendid journal. If a woman, your wife, or best girl, as the case may be, for instance, were to expose herself, what would you do ? The question does not need an answer, and yet I cannot, for the life of me, see much if any difference in showing the picture mentioned to one of my girls in the office, and in her showing me in the same manner the new pair of boots she has just bought, and which she thinks pretty fine. And I’ll confess if she should so show me her new boots it would be pretty hard to keep my eyes fastened on the boots, and I am a church member in good standing, too. I do not expect better of others. L. H. Gowdy. IN REPLY TO ‘‘J. V.’S” QUERIES. To the Editor : Gibson City, III., March 15, 1897. There is hardly any limit to the different answers that could be made to the queries of “J. V.” in the March Inland Printer. He would be foolish who would make an absolute answer without fully understanding all the con¬ ditions under which the enterprise is to be inaugurated. For a seven-column folio daily and a six-column quarto weekly, it would be advisable to have a stock company capitalized for $10,000, at least fifty per cent being paid-up stock. More, however, depends upon the executive ability, energy and judgment of the business manager than upon the number of dollars at command — some men succeeding with $1,000, while another would fail with $10,000. In regard to the other questions: Of the $5,000 raised, $2,500 to $3,500 would be required to fit up the composing and press rooms and the business office, the balance being required for working capital until returns can be reason¬ ably expected from the business. Probably six persons, not counting carriers, would be required for this style of daily and weekly — editor and manager, local editor and “general hustler,” foreman, two compositors, boy. The final query of “ J. V.” would require the acumen of a “Philadelphia lawyer ” to satisfactorily answer. The unpaid stock would be necessary for the reason that should the enterprise prove successful, more capital would be needed to introduce labor-saving devices into the compos¬ ing and press rooms ; or, in case of a failure, all bills could be met and the enterprise closed up without causing loss to others than the stockholders. E. H. W. 56 THE INLAND PRINTER. CHICAGO ENGRAVERS AND PRINTERS. To the Editor : Chicago, March 17, 1897. Will you permit an admirer of western push and energy a little space in your publication, to reply to a letter from Mr. O. G. Formhals, the advertising manager of the Gor- mully & Jeffery Manufacturing Company, which appeared in the February issue of Ad. Sense ? I see in the last number of that publication Mr. C. F. Whitmarsh, of the Henry O. Shepard Company, has answered the communication, but there are some things which were not covered in his letter. There is one thing that I have admired in our western illustrators and engravers, and that is their up-to-date methods, and still here is a man who is paid a large salary by a large institution to prepare their advertising, as well as their catalogues, who must go east for his work. I won¬ der whether Mr. Formhals knows that some of the biggest advertisers come to Chicago for their advertising designs. I wonder whether Mr. Formhals knows that in two national competitions, which were placed a short time ago (in which over five hundred artists, not only from all parts of this country, but also from Europe, competed, in¬ cluding some of the best artists in the East), the first prize was won by western artists, or does this not count for an}'- thing ? Furthermore, I wonder whether Mr. Formhals knows that another competition was won by western artists in competition with some of the best artists in this country, as well as abroad. I refer to the Century poster com¬ petition, which was won by Mr. Leyendecker, a Chicago boy to the back¬ bone. Now here comes the strange part of Mr. Formhals’ letter. He says “that those who employ artists admit that the high-grade art¬ ist cannot afford to stay in Chicago, and this statement is borne out by the fact of our artists leaving us as soon as they attract any na¬ tional interest through their work — Bradley, Leyendecker, Henry Mayer, and others, as examples.” Very well, Mr. Form¬ hals, for argument’s sake, let us admit that this is so. Now, why is it that Mr. Bradley did leave Chicago and go east ? Because such con¬ cerns as the Gormully & Jeffery Manufacturing Company, and other From Imperial Wheel Catalogue. large manufacturers, who had illustrations to prepare for their catalogues, and advertising designs for advertising space, would not pay Mr. Bradley his price. Do you blame Mr. Bradley for going east, where people are willing to pay for a good design ? Is it not strange that Mr. Formhals finds no fault with the prices they charge him in New York ? When it comes to patronizing a Chicago artist of national reputation, who can do as good work as anyone who can be found in the East, that is another thing. Good artists cannot afford to stay in Chicago simply because the western manufacturers, such as the Gormully & Jeffery Manu¬ facturing Company, will not pay for their work. Luckily, however, I happen to know of quite a number of artists employed by photo-engraving establishments, whose work you can find in the advertising pages of the magazines, and some of it is the best to be seen. I would like to have Mr. Formhals show me a cleverer bit of illustrating than that in Carson, Pirie, Scott & Co’s monthly. This firm did not go to New York for illustrations ; they did not go to New York for printing, but they paid a good price for their work. That is the difference. Then there is one of America’s largest advertisers, whose advertisements we can see in all of the leading magazines and weeklies. I refer to Pabst. If there is anything more striking and stronger, when it comes to advertising designs, than these Pabst designs, I have not seen them. Pabst does not go to New York for his designs. He patronizes western industries. The past few months I have noticed another western engraver’s work, in some advertising designs prepared for one of the largest bicycle advertisers in America, and he is not located in Chicago, but is an eastern institution. Now is it not strange that the largest bicycle advertiser in America should send to Chicago for his designs ? Why do you think he does this ? Surely for no other reason than that he can get better results in Chicago than he can get elsewhere, and here Mr. Formhals tries to make us believe that we cannot keep high-grade artists in Chicago. Still this is not the only part of Mr. Formhals’ letter in which he shows his ignorance. He refers, farther on in his letter, to having been informed by people in the business that “ the higher-grade workman in half -toning cannot earn the wages which is due him, putting in his time only on the class of work which he is capable of doing, consequently he must find work east, and we, in Chicago, must content ourselves with fairly good work, but not the best.” If Mr. Formhals were a little better acquainted in the photo- engraving busi¬ ness, I think he would soon find out that some of the best photo-engraving establishments in America are located right here in Chicago. I admit that there is more photo-engraving done in the city of New York in one week than there is in Chicago in one month, but there is a reason for this. New York is a publishing city. Almost all of the leading maga¬ zines are published there, whereas in Chicago we have no magazines of importance ; but when it comes to photo-engrav¬ ing establishments which are equipped for doing catalogue work and preparing engravings of all kinds, there are no better institutions anywhere than right here in the city of Chicago. I happen to be acquainted with the situation some¬ what, and if Mr. Formhals would go the rounds here, he would soon find out that the best photo-engravers employed here in Chicago are men from the East. Now, if it is true that we cannot afford to keep high-grade photo-engravers employed here because we cannot afford to pay them enough, but that they get better pay in the East, is it not strange that the eastern photo-engravers should come to Chicago ? Do you think they come here because they can get $20 a week, whereas in the East they can get $30 ? Not much. I know of several photo-engravers here (photographers and etchers) who are being paid as much as $35 and $45 a week for their services, whereas in the East they will receive less than this. I do not know who has been doing Mr. Formhals’ THE INLAND PRINTER. 57 work in Chicago that he has received such an opinion of the Chicago engraver’s ability, but I do know that a few months ago, in one of the eastern journals, a large pub¬ lisher made the remark that the plates made in the West, referring to Chicago, had better printing qualities than those made in the East. What does Mr. Formhals say to this ? Now, one word about the quality of printing. If the Gor- mully & Jeffery Com¬ pany will pay the Chi¬ cago printers the same price per thousand for their catalogues that they pay Bartlett & Co. they can get the same class of work. Why should they not? We have the same presses in Chicago; we can buy the same stock from the same mills that Bartlett & Co. buy it from ; we can buy ink from the same concerns that Bartlett & Co. buy theirs from ; and as far as the ■ pressmen are concerned, we have as good press¬ men in the city of Chi¬ cago as there are in New York — ^ there are not as many ; but if ev¬ erything is equal, and Gormully & Jeffery will pay the Chicago print¬ ers the same price they pay Bartlett & Co., which will enable the Chicago printers to take proper time and care in getting out their catalogues, I am sure they can get just as good work right here in Chicago as in New York. I do not wish, however, to make it appear that Bartlett & Co. are not doing good work. Everything that has their name on it is first-class ; but why is this ? Simply because Bartlett & Co. will not make an estimate on a job. If you want Bartlett & Co. to do your work, they will do it, and when it is done you will get your bill. I believe it was the “Rambler” catalogue of ’95 that was figured on by two printers in Chicago, and the concern that got the job was $700 lower than the next bidder. The man who was the lowest got it. What was the result ? In order to get out whole on it, they had to run their presses so fast that, I am told, they wore out four sets of plates, whereas if the catalogue had been run in the same manner that Bart¬ lett & Co. would run a catalogue, one set of plates would have answered the purpose. Now, why do not the Gormully & Jeffery people give the Chicago printers the same chance that they do the eastern printers ? Does Mr. Pormhals think that Bartlett & Co. could do such good printing if they had to bid against Tom, Dick and Harry ? Not much, any more than Mr. Formhals could get a cheap artist to give him the same kind of a design as he could get from a high-grade artist — Bradley, Leyendecker, and others. Let Mr. Formhals pick up a copy of The Inland Printer, whether it is this month or last month, and go through the advertising pages and see whether it is the eastern or the western engraver who has the best designs. I do not need to tell him ; he can see for himself. So why should he go to work and huddle up to the eastern artists and engravers as well as the eastern printers, when he can do his huddling much closer home and get the same results. But give our poor western printers a chance of living the same as Bartlett & Co. have. Give us a chance at pie three times a day, and not but once a month. A Western Enthusiast. [ The catalogue of the Ames & Frost Company, makers of the “Imperial” wheel, is a good example of what Chi¬ cago printers can do in the catalogue line. The illustra¬ tions were made by the Binner Engraving Company, and the printing done by The Henry O. Shepard Company. Two colors are used, black for the cuts and brown for the type matter. The cover is a facsimile of the name plate. Two of the illustrations, printed from electrotypes, are shown herewith. — Editor.] 58 THE INLAND PRINTER. CUT PRICES — A REPLY TO MR. SEEMAN. To the Editor : Wilmington, Del., January IS, 1897. In answer to Henry E. Seeman’s reply to my recent account of an experience in cut prices, I would like to state that the article referred to was not written to give an example of careful estimating, but to simply show to what an extent prices may be cut. I most heartily agree with him in the point he makes that the only accurate way to estimate is to find the absolute cost of each item and then to add for profit what per cent may be desired. But on the other hand, I must say that I think his state¬ ment to the effect that after the absolute cost of any job is ascertained, twenty-five per cent must be added to represent the cost of management, power, insurance, taxes, rent and all other expenses, before any profit can be realized — this seems to me to be excessive, and thus to set a fixed per cent to represent the cost of these items seems to me to be im¬ practicable. The different proportions of the cost of the items going into a job does not easily admit of a fixed rate to represent their shares in the expenses as above enu¬ merated. It would be hardly safe, for instance, to add for such purposes twenty-five per cent to the price of an order for 5,000 postal cards ; while the point which I wish to make is clearly shown in such an instance. I fear that his statement concerning this point would in many cases need qualifying in order to meet with the approval of successful members of the craft throughout the country. I join with the gentleman in desiring a further ventila¬ tion of the subject. Arthur K. Taylor. FROM NEW ZEALAND. To the Editor : Wellington, Feb. 20, 1897. I inclose specimens of photo-lithographic work done at the Government lithographing department, and the work of Mr. Ross, who, I might add, has closely watched the break¬ ing-up and screen work as shown in The Inland Printer during the past six years. Mr. Ross is a subscriber to your journal, and speaks in the highest terms of praise of it as a guide to process work. All Mr. Ross’ work is done upon the stone. The Christmas card is signed by the Hon. R. J. Seddon, whose party has just been returned to power by the people for the third successive term (ours is a triennial par¬ liament), and this constitutes an Australasian record in length of reign. The card issued by the Land Department is the design of another great admirer of The Inland Printer, Mr. G. Sturtevant, an artist attached to the Gov¬ ernment Survey Department. Perhaps your readers are not all aware of how far advanced Maoriland, or New Zealand, is in practical socialism. Our Cabinet comprises the pre¬ mier, minister of lands, minister of public works, minister of railways, minister of marine, minister of mines, commis¬ sioner of customs and telegraphs, postmaster-general, attor¬ ney-general, minister of native affairs and minister of educa¬ tion. Fully ninety-five per cent of our railroads are owned and run by the State, there are no private telegraph lines or telephones, public buildings and roads are built on the cooperative system, the State thus largely doing away with contractors. Then in the matter of tenders called for by the State, the trade-union standard or minimum wage is quoted, below which no tenderer must go in the wage basis. The Government has its own railway workshops, carpenters’ shops, printing office, stamp and railway-ticket-printing house, has bureaus for assisting men and women to obtain employment, is not selling any land, and keeps firm hold upon mineral lands. I also inclose a bit of printing done at our Government printing office, to show the quality of the job printers there, half a dozen of whom are subscribers to The Inland Printer. The job inclosed is the composition of Mr. W. D. Haggett, who learned his trade in New Zealand and is the son of a London (England) printer. Mr. G. Loney, a Maoriland-born, is another tasty display hand in the job department of the Government printing office, the foreman of the room being Mr. G. Tattle. Mr. G. Burns, who is next in command under the Government printer (Mr. Mac- kay), has had some experience in New York book-printing houses. Tom L. Mills. [The specimens submitted are excellent pieces of work. — Editor The Inland Printer.] PRINTING AND PUBLIQTY PROBLEMS. BY MUSGROVE. Herein will be criticised each month samples of printing intended to make publicity for the users thereof. The samples will be criticised from the technical point of view of the printer and the advertising expert. All samples for this department should be marked “ MUSGROVE.” A PRETTY calendar is pretty — and that maybe all. If it is pretty it is pleasing, and therefore it fulfills one of the essentials of successful advertising. But there are many calendars that are like so many pretty women, lacking in individuality and distinction. When a calendar lacks dis¬ tinction, individuality, it lacks force as an ad. Every cal¬ endar that lacks ad. force is a failure. I am led to make these remarks because calendars have been a very popular method of complimenting one’s clients and prospective cli¬ ents around the beginning of the year — I received seventy- three this year. The majority of them were the very pretty steel-engraved or photo-chromotype affairs. All but three of these calendars are in the wastebin now, and the three, selected to remain in my offices are of the pad type. By this I would not say that the pad calendar is the only kind to issue. But if you cannot get some unusual design or catchy shape, put your money into something that will give you better returns. I HAVE before me a calendar issued by the J. C. Blair Company, manufacturing stationers, Huntingdon, Pennsyl¬ vania. The design at the top represents a bookkeeper bend¬ ing over a journal, intently adding up a column of figures. The legend beneath reads, “I am as Deaf as an Adder,” and then “Don’t Bother Me” appears at the side. The idea is good for a business office. It appeals to the clerk, cashier and bookkeeper, and they will hang it up where it can be read. It is sufficiently novel to be read by the visitor. But the design looks rather cheap, and the lettering is badly displayed. If the color block back of the legend, “I am as Deaf as an Adder,” had been blue instead of red, the letters would have stood out with greater boldness. Red does not afford as much contrast as a background to white as white does to red. The reason is, red is a “ tiring ” color to the eye, and the red makes the impression, more or less blurring whatever else is a part of the design. The calen¬ dar leaves are printed on different colored paper, and each leaf is perforated — a good feature to insist on in a calendar. The same concern sends, also, a number of pamphlets. I have space to notice but one, “ Good Words,” in which is told the experience of a number of men of different profes¬ sions and walks of life who have used the Blair pencils, pens and inks. The experiences and testimonials are put in the shape of letters, principally. Testimonials about medicines are all right if they come from hitherto unknown people. If a nostrum cures dyspepsia in A, B has good reason to suppose it will cure it in his case also, because dyspepsia is dyspepsia. But when you come to articles of merchandise, the meat of a testimonial to A is the fact that B found the article to meet the requirements of a case or business like his own. Therefore, a testimonial that simply says that B found the “Blackamoor ” pencil of use to him in writing his MS. says nothing for the pencil itself, or why he did not use a Dixon or a Faber. But when, as in THE INLAND PRINTER. 59 the book before me, a testimonial says, “ I have found in it something lacking in all other soft pencils I have ever tried, namely, firmness and strength,” there is a good, business¬ bringing testimonial. It says something pertinent. There is another thing that the compiler of the pamphlet before me failed to do — to give the addresses of the people who said these nice things about the Blair products. In these days, when so many testimonials are manufactured, it is well to produce all the circumstance of truth. “ Good Words” could have been made much more effective if the body of the book had been printed in red and dark brown. The yellow paper, with the black ink as the predominant tone, is a trying combination, which the substitution of brown ink would have softened considerably, because the red, yellow and brown would have harmonized. The cover should have been a rough, antique brown, then the Blair people would have produced a pleasing booklet. Typo¬ graphically the book has distinction, although I question the good taste of using Bradley, Jenson and roman face on the same page. I HAVE devoted so much space to one correspondent because the samples presented several matters that I thought of interest to users of printers’ ink, and because I could deduce several conclusions from them that might prevent some of the readers of The Inland Printer from wast- therefore it creates no comment when you say you want what everybody knows you are after. When you go in to solicit work you do not say : “ We’re printers ; we’d like to do your work,” and then sit down and expect the business man to tumble orders into your lap. You go in, find out what he wants, and you tell him what you can do for him. If he likes your work and your prices, you get the job. Your booklets, Mr. Advertising Printer, must be constructed on the idea that a booklet is nothing but a salesman. He must be well dressed to produce the favorable first impres¬ sion ; he must come to the business man with a definite proposition ; say something that the business man wants to know. Take catalogues, for instance. Write a booklet on catalogues ; give an idea why and how you can give better work than the average printer ; give some instances of prices ; tell a man how to improve his catalogue, and do not be afraid to let him know that you can give him something in the way of brains that Jones, or Smith, or Brown cannot give him, by the simply doing in your booklets what Jones, Smith, and Brown have not brains enough to do in theirs. You may get up a handsome booklet, typographically, but it may be all feathers and no bird, all dress and no brains. A salesman of that sort would not gather many orders for you, would he ? Don’t expect a booklet, a circular or a card to do more. Mr. Abbott calls his booklet “ Quality Tells.” ing money on ineffective printing, and to the printer pre¬ sent some ideas that might make his work more effective to his clients. Here are four other booklets from printers, one from-the Meyer-Rotier Printing Company, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin ; one from the Trow Company, printers. New York City ; one from Elmer C. Gross, 16 Arlington street, Boston, Massa¬ chusetts, and one from F. H. Abbott, 410 Sansome street, San Francisco, California. The Meyer-Rotier booklet is 1% by 4^ inches, printed on laid antique white paper, bound with a broad blue ribbon. On the cover page, set in Bradley and printed in three colors of ink — blue, brown and royal purple (I should have used two, and left out the ornamentations, except those on the center line) — is the legend “We Still Live.” The composition inside is very pleasing and effective, the booklet being set throughout in Bradley, and the wide margins present a luxurious indiffer¬ ence to cost. The reading matter, on the other hand, does not live up to the expectations aroused by the pretty appear¬ ance of the booklet. The opening sentence is hardly “to the point,” to use a lawyer’s expression ; “It is our pleas¬ ure to send this address to both ‘ just and unjust.’ ” I am sure the writer meant to say that it was his pleasure to send it to those who knew the value of good work and those who did not. If not, the opening sentence has nothing to do with what follows. The remainder of the booklet is a polite expression of a desire upon the part of the Meyer-Rotier people to serve old and prospective customers. Now, that sort of thing is as old as the hills. Everybody knows you would not say “I do not want your business, dear Public,” He says, in his little foreword : “ This calendar is a gentle reminder, and will give some idea of the capabilities of my office. I aim that my work shall excel — shall average high¬ est merit — shall bring prestige to my patrons — and that the conduct of my office shall inspire fullest confidence.” That is good, straightforward, business-like talk. I felt I knew Mr. Abbott right away and almost concluded he was the man to do some of my printing. Then I looked through the booklet to get an idea of the “ capabilities of his office.” I saw a calendar, a few sage moral maxims, a poem about “They are Dead,” a half-tone photo of a baby that is too gray, and another called “ Sweet Moments,” from an im¬ pressionistic picture, and at the end a pen-and-ink drawing called “Down in the Cornfield.” Now, I do not see why Mr. Abbott did not tell us something about his printing shop. The man Mr. Abbott wishes to reach, first wants to know something about Mr. Abbott and Mr. Abbott’s busi¬ ness. The little book tells that man nothing. If the man stops to think that the mechanical execution of the little book was possible in Mr. Abbott’s office, as he may do one case in twenty, he will even then have but a muddled impression of bad half-tones, several colored inks and poems that should have been allowed to remain in silentio mortis. Mr. Abbott tries to cover too much in his booklet. He should have issued, say, seven, little folders, pages no larger than his books, and said something in each about his work in its different departments, then he would have had an impression each time. As it is now, the man who reads Mr. Abbott’s booklet is like the man who skims through the dictionary, he takes away nothing. The moral. 60 THE INLAND PRINTER. Mr. Abbott, is this : Say little, but say it strong. And I would add, say that little often, but always change the topic. When you wish to send out a sample of half-tone work, never choose the photo of an impressionistic picture to make the cut from. It looks blurred and indistinct, as it really is in the picture, but the average man does not under¬ stand that, and blames you for poor work. You are talking every day to the average man. Mr. Gross’ booklet is quite clever. On the cover there is this advice: “Read these Q’s and A’s, then mind your P’s and Q’s. That is catchy. QWhen you are sick and require the services of a physician, do you g-et estimates from several and engage the lowest bidder? A Not much ! You consider the most skillful as being none too good; you even think not of price, but engage him. 2. QWhen a friend dies in a distant city and you are to attend the funeral, do you take a train that stops at every pair of bars to arrive in A No! The “ Gilt Edge ” express is none too swift and sure, if the fare IS a little more. QWhen about to engage in a lawsuit, do you procure bids from various lawyers, disregard ability and price, and engage the lowest bidder! A No! You trust your case only in the hands of one you are sure will render you immediate and valuable service. QWhen you are seeking a good investment, do you select stocks and bonds for the least money with little or no regard for their value? A No! Indeed; you act wisely, and invest only in such as are sure to produce the best return for the money. QWhen you are having printing done, is your method consistent with the answers given to the four previous questions? A No ! You get prices from printers who do GOOD work, and from those who do INFE¬ RIOR work, and often accept the lowest bid. And right there is where you make your mistake. The best advertisement for your business is GOOD PRINTING, in all that the words imply. There is a har¬ mony between type, paper, ink, and good workmanship that you should not disregard. When you propose using printers’ ink, let me furnish you fitting designs and estimates. No job too large, none too small. My prices are right; my printing “gilt-edge”; I give you valuable service, most for your money, and promptly, too. My name comes LAST in this booklet, but I should be the FIRST to be consulted when you need printed matter. Mail me a postal and I will gladly call on you. ELMER C. GROSS, Printer — Designer. Canton Office, Washington St. Boston Office, 16 Arlington St. Question No. 2 could have been made stronger by asking the man, “ If a friend falls ill, do you,’’ etc. Question No. 4 has meat in it and is apropos. I should have asked that one question and then drawn my analogies further, between stocks that we hold as an investment and the advertising we do as an investment whereby we gain the trade of desirable patrons. And in the last Mr. Gross does not make the most of his point. He fails to make it out that good printing costs more, just the same as a good doctor, a fast train, a good lawyer, or a good investment. He should have summed up and driven the nail home. The little book is eight pages, printed on heavy plate paper, stitched with white silk, and is 4% by 2% in size — a good size. The other samples, composed of circulars to professional men, soci¬ eties and merchants, are in the main well displayed, but I should be very careful of red ink. Red ink is where so much printing, otherwise artistic, falls into the limbo of the circus. Red ink should be used sparingly at any time, but there are times when it should not be used at all. In com¬ bination with some darker color for overprinting on bor¬ ders, catch lines, etc., it is sometimes very effective, but it is a dangerous thing to handle at best, and it should be con¬ sidered only when something “screaming” is desired. The Crandall Press, of Rockford, Illinois, send me a booklet which they call “The Red Book.” This is the introduction : APOLOGY. In England it is the custom, when matters of great importance are under discussion, to issue an official book containing all information on the subject. It is called the “Blue Book.” We have a matter that we consider of great importance, and we present it to j'ou in “The Red Book.” Manifestly this is meant to be informing and at the same time suggestive. But to anyone unfamiliar with the matter of which it speaks it tells nothing, and to anyone who does know, it says nothing that appears germane. It should have said, “In the English Parliament it is the custom,” etc. On the other hand, the “apology” does not tell why the Crandall Press call their little book “ The Red Book ” — why not The Blue Book, if they have a matter of importance to present ? The point I wish to make is this : In writing a booklet about your business, or anyone’s business, always say just what you want to say, and never fail to drive your point home in an obvious fashion, that alone will give your reader an impression, and the deeper the impression the better you have realized your aim. There are several other things with which I want to find a little fault in this “ Red Book.” It says on one page : Brain product has demonstrated two things : 1. PROGRESSION. 2. PROFIT. Both are desirable in your business. You can’t make a locomotive go faster by greasing the track. What does this mean ? I suppose the writer meant to say that brains in business meant progression and profit. And you must have them in a business in order to make it a suc¬ cess, because a business without brains will soon fall behind and go to smash. The writer had the germ of a. good point there, but he failed to drive it home. He wanted to be too epigrammatic and terse, and he took out all the necessary words. He knew what he wanted to say, but he did not say it — and that is a fault with a great many advertisers ; they know their goods so well, they think everybody does. But what the writer of the above expression means I cannot see. He evidently wants to convey the idea that the Crandall Press supplies brains to business men in need of them, but I think that is a pretty risky proposition to make so bluntly to the average business man ; and by the last line I gather that the writer would warn business men misapplying their energies, but the connection between the first and last lines I confess is beyond me. The other portions of the booklet are sometimes a little lacking in grammatical construction, but unless very marked, such slips do not materially detract from an advertisement, except that it may be contended that a good printer should have a good proofreader — a conten¬ tion with which I am not disposed to quarrel. The press- work on the booklet is not good, the ink is badly distributed, the pages being too gray for good effect. I NOTICE in the mass of commercial work that lies before me scores of “rule arrangements,” the whole letter or bill head in many instances being taken up by experiments in rulework. For one I do not like it. Rulework is effective when simple effects are aimed at. But the very mechanical difficulties in rulework are against grace in complicated THE INLAND PRINTER. 61 desig-ns. A piece of printing- should be like a well-planned, or, as the artist calls it, “composed,” picture — it should “hang” together — that is, its parts should make a sym¬ metrical whole. All the border should not be in one corner, with nothing, like an illustration or a design, to balance it, on the other side. These points about displaj'^ are all com¬ prehended within my remark about the pleasing impres¬ sion. Your compositor who understands that what may be a difficult feat in rule display may not be pleasing to the sense of artistic display, is more valuable to your business than the man who can design you a speaking likeness of the office cat in brass rule. I think Mr. Gross has broken this rule of display in his circular “Good Work and Right Prices.” But Mr. Gross uses what he recommends others to use, lots of printers’ ink, and with a little more care in the way he solicits he’ll score a hit. Here is what I consider a good business producer : I hand you herewith a late specimen of the Trow Company’s work. It speaks for itself, and does not need any fulsome praise to indicate its merits as a typographical production. I once ag-ain wish to call your attention to this Company’s ability to turn out work which is of the very best character, and also to my willingness to offer services in the way of sugges¬ tion and advice. I can very often crystallize the ideas of those who wish to have printed matter of a unique and special character, and who do not know just how to put those Ideas into intelligible form for reproduction. Such advice and suggestion are yours for the asking, without charge. All I wish is an opportunity to make you an estimate on printing you may have in prospect — books, catalogues, pamphlets, or circulars, whether in quantities of five hundred or one million. The plant of the Trow Company is large enough and well enough equipped to undertake and execute with satisfaction an order of any size or char¬ acter. I await your favors. Will C. Turner. Mr. Turner is connected with the Trow Print, New York. The booklet he speaks of is just what he says it is. It is an exceedingly handsome affair, and is issued by The Plant System to advertise their train service between New York and Florida. The cover is a new rough-surfaced fiber paper in olive green, with the title printed in gold, and the body of the booklet is printed in terra cotta on heavy enameled golden yellow book, with Jenson type, illustrations in dark green. The effect is most charming, the illustrations are well executed, and the presswork is irreproachable. The booklet is tied with golden yellow silk thread. This speci¬ men is one of the most pleasing I have seen in a long time. Messrs. Charles D. Brown & Co., 156-158 Congress street, Boston, Massachusetts, United States agents, have sent me a copy of a booklet they recently issued, entitled “ Alton Mill, the Home of Handmade Paper.” The booklet is bound in buff laid handmade paper, a sample of Alton Mill’s output. The type arrangement of the cover is modest and in the best of taste. The impression is rather uneven, however. The body of the booklet is printed on enameled book — I should have used Alton Mills all through, even if I had been compelled to use line instead of half-tone illustra¬ tions ; the ad. would have been materially strengthened. The reading matter is set entirely in French Old Style, with italic sidenotes. The illustrations are from indifferent photographs, full of reflected lights. The reading matter of the book tells all about the Alton Mills, and how the paper is made, how it is put up, and what it sells for. The book¬ let should prove an effective method of advertising the Alton Mill’s product. I WISH readers of this department would send me for review, next month, examples of folder and catalogue work. Remember, this department is to be of use to every printer and advertiser in the country. Any questions that you have to ask relative to publicity matters in which printers’ ink is concerned, ask them, and we’ll talk about them. A GOOD MAKE-UP. Anyone in need of a good make-up is confidently referred to Mr. Blank, an evidence of whose skill is shown herewith. The following impromptu verses were prepared by an ad¬ mirer of The Inland Printer when he first saw the gentle¬ man’s impersonation. It is suggestive that he has signed his verses “Zero.” Perhaps he found it was a cold day. Eh? THE COQUETTE. When I saw your beauty bright ’Neath the glow Of the incandescent light At the ball, that witching night. Do you knovv That the charms of your arms And your smile Seemed a glimpse of Paradise ; Yet your dimples and your smiles Were all guile. Ah, I thought that moment blest — The perfume Of the blossoms on your breast. As it heaved and sank to rest. Made the room Like a bower ; and your power, Sweet and strong. Drew me swiftly to your side. As I stemmed the swelling tide Of the throng. But, unfairest of the fair. Cold as stone. Thou didst leave me standing there In a frenzy of despair. All alone. Ah, the wiles of your smiles Broke my heart ; So adieu, dear, cruel belle ; Take thy victim’s fond farewell. We must part. _ “Zero.” The Inland Printer is delightful, and “ knocks” any¬ thing we have in printers’ journals on this side of the horse pond. — William Hacket, Observer Office, Peterhead, Scotland. 62 THE INLAND PRINTER. A WESTERN ARTIST — THOM AS H. GUPTILL. The subject of this sketch, Mr. Thomas H. Guptill, furnishes an example of what can be accomplished, without skilled instruction, by observing the meth¬ ods of the best illustrators of today as seen in the daily press of Chicago, New York and San Francisco, and the weekly and monthly illustrated publications of this coun¬ try. Mr. Guptill was born in Maine in 1868, and went to the State of Washington with his parents in 1884. As a boy he evinced considerable talent with the pencil, and the master of the public school which he attended, perceiving the boy’s bent, allowed him to devote two hours each week to drawing. The birds, dogs and pigs created at those times were varied and fearful to look upon, but the work served to direct the boy’s thoughts to matters of art. After going to Puget Sound, however, he began active life in a sawmill, followed by a number of years’ service as clerk in the mill company’s store, during which time drawing was entirely neglected and young Guptill came to look upon artists as emaciated creatures who worked in musty garrets and sub¬ sisted on dry crusts or, at best, a diet of beer and sandwiches. Com¬ ing to Seattle in 1892, he acted as bookkeeper for different firms and devoted his evenings to work at the Olympic Sketch Club, an organiza¬ tion formed among young men of the city who were desirous of im¬ proving their talent for drawing. Mr. Guptill’s improvement, under this practice, was so rapid that he decided to follow art as a profes¬ sion, and in the summer of 1894 he formed a partnership with Mr. Ed¬ ward Curtis and up to January of this year conducted a photo-engrav¬ ing business, when he retired from the firm in order to pursue his stud¬ ies at the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, at San Francisco. During the past two and one-half years Mr. Guptill has done much creditable designing and illustrating, and we present a number of his pen sketches in connection with this article. One who can accomplish so much by his own efforts and obser¬ vation may fairly be expected to produce meritorious work under proper instruction. DON’T WORRY ABOUT THE EDITOR -HE’LL GET ON. It takes money to run a newspaper. — Saint John (Kan.) News. What an exaggeration ; what a whopper. It has been disproved a thousand times ; it is a clear case of airy fancy. It doesn’t take money to run a newspaper. It can run with¬ out money. It is not a business venture. It is a charitable institution, a begging concern, a highway robber. A news¬ paper is the child of the air, a creature of a dream. It can go on and on, and any other concern would be in the hands of a receiver and wound up with cobwebs in the windows. It takes wind to run a newspaper ; it takes gall to run a newspaper. It takes a scintillating, acrobatic imagination and a half dozen white shirts, and a railroad pass to run a newspaper. But money — heavens to Betsy and six hands round, who ever needed money in conducting a newspaper ! Kind words are the medium of exchange that do the busi¬ ness for the editor — kind words and church social tickets. When you see an editor with money, watch him. He’ll be paying his bill and disgracing his profession. Never give money to an editor. Make him trade it out. He likes to swap. Then when you die, after having stood around for years and sneered at the editor and his little jim-crow paper, be sure and have your wife send in for three extra copies by one of your weep¬ ing children, and when she reads the generous and touching notice about you, fore¬ warn her to neg¬ lect to send 15 cents to the edi¬ tor. It would overwhelm him. Money is a cor¬ rupting thing. The editor knows it, and what he wants is your heartfelt thanks. Then he can thank the print¬ ers and they can thank their gro¬ cers. Take your job- work to the job office, and then come and ask for half rates for the church notices. Get your lodge letter-heads and stationery printed out of town, and then flood the editor with beautiful thoughts in resolutions of respect and cards of thanks. They make such spicy reading, and when you pick it up filled with these glowing and vivid mortuary articles, you are so proud of your little local paper. But money — scorn the filthy thing. Don’t let the pure, innocent editor know anything about it. Keep that for sor¬ did tradespeople who charge for their wares. The editor gives his bounty away. The Lord loves a cheerful giver. He’ll take care of the editor. Don’t worry about the editor. He has a charter from the State to act as doormat for the company. He will get the paper out somehow ; and stand up for the town and whoop it up for you when you run for office, and lie about your pigeontoed daughter’s tacky wed¬ ding, and blow about your big-footed sons when they get a four-dollar-a-week job, and weep over your shriveled soul when it is released from your grasping body, and smile at your giddy wife’s second marriage. Don’t worry about the editor — he’ll get on. The Lord knows how — but some¬ how. — Emporia Gazette. V Thomas H. Gupi THE INLAND PRINTER. 63 THE KELMSCOTT PRESS AND MORRIS REVIVAL. Publ ishers and printers have shown a desire to return to simpler and earlier standards of taste, and in the choice and arrangement of the type to take a leaf out of the book of some of the early professors of the craft. There has been a passion for tall copies and handmade paper ; for delicate bindings, and first editions. . . The last six or seven years have been remark¬ able for a pronounced revival of activity and interest in the art of the printer and the deco¬ rative illustrator, the papermaker, the binder, and all the crafts con¬ nected with the produc¬ tion of tasteful and ornate books. In the dark ages, between the mid-nineteenth century and the early eighties, one or two printers or publishers of taste have from time to time attempted to restrain the wild excesses of the trade- printer, with his terribly monotonous novelties in fonts of type alternately shouting or whispering, anon in the crushing and aggressive heaviness of block capitals, and now in the attenu¬ ated droop of italics. Sad havoc has been played with the decorative dignity of the page, indeed, as well as with the form and breed of roman and gothic letters ; one might have imagined that some mischievous printer’s devil had thrown the apple of discord among the letters of the alphabet, so ingeniously ugly were so many modern so-called “ fancy ” types. . . . There have been printers such as Mr. Daniel, at Oxford, and DeVinne, at New York, who have from different points of view brought care and selection to the choice of type and the printing of books, and have adapted or designed type. But the field for extensive artistic experiment in these directions was tol¬ erably clear when Mr. William Morris turned his attention to printing, and, in 1891, founded the Kelmscott Press. . So far as I am aware, he has been the first to approach the craft of practical printing from the point of view of the artist. A long and distinguished prac¬ tice as a designer in other matters of decorative art brought him to the nice questions of type design, its place upon the page, and its relation to printed ornament and illustration, peculiarly well equipped. The Kelmscott roman type (“golden”) perhaps rather suggests that it was de¬ signed to anticipate and provide against the demand of readers or book fanciers who could stand nothing else than roman, while the heart of the printer really hankered after black letter. But compare this “golden” type with most modern lower-case fonts, up to the date of its use, and its advantages both in form and substance are remarkable. Modern type, obeying, I sup¬ pose, a resistless law of evolution, had reached, especially with American printers, the last stage of attenuation. The type of the Kelmscott Press is an emphatic and practical protest against this attenuation ; just as its bold black and white ornaments and decorative wood cuts in open line are protests against the undue thinness, atmospheric effect, and diaphanous vignetting by photographic process and tone- block of much modern illustration, which may, indeed, illustrate, but does not ornament, a book. The paper, too, handmade, rough-surfaced and tough, is in equally strong contrast to the shiny, hot-pressed, machine-made paper, hitherto so much in vogue for the finer kinds of printing, and by which it alone became possible. The two kinds — the two ideals of printing — are as far apart as the poles. Those who like the smooth and thin will not like the bold and rough ; but it looks as if the Kelmscott standard had marked the turn of the tide, and that, judging from the signs of its influence upon printers and publishers gener¬ ally, the feeling is running strongly in that direction. This is the more remarkable since the Kelmscott books are not issued at “popular prices,” are limited in number, and for the most part are hardly for the general reader. — From “The Decorative Illustration of Books," by Walter Crane. Drawn by Thomas H. Guptill. Drawn by Thomas H. Gupti 64 THE INLAND PRINTER. FOREIGN NOTES. The linotype goes “marching on.” Eight machines have just been placed in the London Echo, an evening daily. The London Chronicle has its own papermaking plant, and obtains its pulp and sulphides in the forests of Norway. A TECHNICAL typographic school at Milan, Italy, gives courses of instruction for compositors, pressmen and book¬ binders. The Imperial or Government Printing Office, of Berlin, employs 1,400 persons, of which only 169 are compositors and proofreaders. An article entitled “ The Illustrating Industries in Amer¬ ica” appeared in a recent number of the Revue des Arts Graphiques, of Paris. The Russian and French lithographers celebrated the centenary of Senefelder’s invention to the extent of ex¬ changing congratulatory telegrams of a cordial and fraternal character. The Typographische Jahrbucher, of Leipsic, describes in its last number the new process of photo-etching called “Isotypie,” mentioned under “Process Engraving Notes” in the March issue. The French government, through its Minister of Com¬ merce and Industry, bestows each month a certain number of prize medals to workmen. Several printers, compositors and pressmen are usually among the recipients. The Bulletin de L' Imprimerie, of Paris, is a sheet of four pages with cover, issued monthly and filled with inter¬ esting bits of information and current news. A recent supplement gives an excellent specimen of French photo- chromatic work in three colors, made by the Lyons Society of Photo-Chromo-Gravure. The city of Paris has established at the Estienne Mu¬ nicipal School a free technical course of instruction for the benefit of workmen and apprentices in the bookmaking industries. Some of the subjects treated are “ stereotyping and electrotyping, presswork — typographic and litho¬ graphic, bookbinding and gilding, the history of books,” etc. The Royal Academy of Fine Arts and Industrial Art School, at Leipsic, offers extended courses in the fine arts of bookmaking and illustration, in typographic drawing for printers, in book ornamentation, in the preparation of illustrations according to the principles of art and technic, in lithography, xylography, etching and photo-mechanical processes. Mr. G. Walker, Wakefield, England, has patented a new arrangement for the users of large-size wooden type for printing posters, etc. It consists in making the types in sections, which, when put together, form the complete types. Some of the sections are Common to a number of types. By this arrangement a printer may have a line as long or as condensed as he pleases. The governors of the St. Bride Foundation Institute announce a number of special prizes (in addition to the prizes in money, silver and bronze medals, and certificates of merit offered by the City and Guilds of London Institute), which are to be given to compositors, machine and press men, lithographers, collotypists, and for freehand drawing. — London Stationery World. William Morris left a personal estate valued at $275,000, the bulk of which is bequeathed to his relatives, by a will bearing date September 9, 1896. His wife, Mrs. Jane Morris, Mr. Sydney Carlyle, and Mr. F. S. Ellis, are appointed executors. The manuscripts of his already pub¬ lished works are left to Mr. Ellis, with a provision that the copyrights may be disposed of by the trustees. The International Congress of Editors, which met in Paris for the first time last June, will hold its second session at Brussels during the exposition of 1897. The Belgian Publishers’ Association, whose president is an eminent editor and also, by the way, an alderman of Brussels, will receive the visiting editors. The programme is now being prepared and will treat all of the technical questions ; also literary and artistic copyright and newspaper management. A series of illustrated articles on the origin and history of the book is running in the current numbers of V Impri- merie. The author, M. Charles Gravier, shows the develop¬ ment of alphabets from the ancient hieroglyphs, and in succeeding chapters takes up the book before printing, the invention of printing, book illustration, binding, etc. The articles give a valuable historical r^sum^ in which printers and book lovers will be interested. A NEW type case has been devised by a typefounder in Madrid. It is larger and contains considerably more com¬ partments than the ordinary form of case, for besides the letters, there are logotypes for all ordinary combinations in regular use. It is claimed for this case that the compositor can do one-third more work with it than with an ordinary case — effecting, of course, a considerable saving. — Paper Digest and Progressive Printer. Aluminum plates, according to the Journal des Arts, are replacing stone as a lithographic material in Germany, Austria and America. “ Algraphie,” as the new process is called, is a new invention by M. Josef Scholz, of Mayence. It has been a great success in Germany, where the painter Hans Thoma is persuading the artists on stone to adopt aluminum. In Holland, the aquafortist Carel Storm van S’Gravesande has issued the last series of his lithographs of Hamburg by algraphy. The administration of the International Exposition of Brussels, 1897, offers a series of prizes ranging from $50 to $100 for manuscripts or exhibits treating of technical and artistic questions of printing and bookmaking. Some of the subjects offered for contest are: “The best practical method of producing photo-relief blocks for printing- in black or in colors”; “The cheapest and most rapid process for newspaper illustration”; “The manufacture of colored inks not altered by exposure ”; “Is the typesetting machine advantageous from a typographic point of view, and for this purpose what is the best machine?”; “A manual of typog¬ raphy, simple, practical and at a low price, enabling both workman and apprentice to inform himself in the elements of his trade”; “To show by a collection of de luxe bind¬ ings the progress achieved in bookbinding, both by copying of early models and by the creation of modern styles”; and other questions of interest to the printer and publisher. The “Imprimerie Nationale,” or Government Printing Office of France, was founded February 2, 1620, by Louis XHI., at the instigation of Cardinal de Richelieu. The office was installed in the Louvre, and issued all the edicts, decrees, letters patent, etc., of the king, as well as many religious and literary works. The official printers were made paid officers of his household, with hereditary rights, so that in 1687 a widow of the chief printer was placed in charge, and later other women became superintendents. In 1692, upon the order of Louis XIV., Greek and Roman fonts were made for the establishment, and in 1722 the Duke of Orleans added a complete font of Chinese and Hebrew char¬ acters. A few years later the punches and matrices of Syrian and Samaritan alphabets were acquired. In 1773 a set of vignettes, costing 100,000 livres, was purchased and remained in use until 1820, when they were replaced by more modern ones. During the troublous times of the Revo¬ lution, the office led a nomadic existence, first setting up in one public building and then another. In 1793 it was domi¬ ciled in the Bank of France, under the title “Imprimerie de la Republique.” In 1808 it was transferred to the former palace of the Cardinal B-ohscn.—L' Imprimerie. THE INLAND PRINTER. 65 NOTES ON JOB COMPOSITION. Under this head will appear, each month, suggestive comment on the composition of jobwork, advertisements, etc. Specimens for this department must be clearly printed in black ink on white paper, and mailed to this office, flat, marked plainly, “RALPH.” W. S. Osborn, secretary and manager Hill Printing Company, Eustis, Florida, whose work we have commented on before in this department, sends a pamphlet cover. No. 1, for criticism. The design is tasty and artistic, but it has Poultry this fault: “ Poultry Supplies ” is a trifle weak. Thejleurs de lis are out of place on a catalogue cover of this class. Be careful of your ornamentations and do not use them unless they are appropriate. Herein lies a grave problem, and we give you this pointer in order that it may put you on the right track. The Inland Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, sends its business card, which was done in five printings, for criti¬ cism. The card is delicate and artistic both in composition and presswork. W. W. Whetstone, with the Republican, Cherryville, Kansas, sends a business card, designed by him, for criti¬ cism. It is an artistic creation, and has its good and bad features. To have made the card what it should be, the fol¬ lowing changes are necessary: Place the words “All who try the ‘Red Cross’ like it,” in the upper left-hand corner; drop firm name and balance of wording down nearer center. The customer should by all means have had the cross worked in red. This is all that lays the card open to criticism. The reason for this is that the wording does not “group” properly with the word “Cigars.” R. H. Duppy, with the Thomson Printing Company, Philadelphia, sends an interesting package of specimens for review. The blotters are very artistic, and the color 1-5 schemes good. Too much work on page ad. of Lehigh Val¬ ley Railroad. On the page ad. of H. Muhr’s Sons the com¬ position is excellent, but the color scheme kills the ad. The title-page of the Ideal Combination Bookcase is good, as is also the title-page of “An Allegory and Three Essays.” Another artistic piece of composition is the cover-page “Instructions for Knitting Bicycle and Golf Stockings.” Fred H. Camp, Manly, Iowa, says this department is of much interest to him, and sends six samples of commercial work, which he set in one da;y, and also made the jobs ready on press. We consider this a good day’s work. The work is very good, indeed, and shows originality. In our opin¬ ion, it is bad form to ornament a script. WiNTHROP Grant, of the Charlesbank Press, Newton, Massachusetts, incloses his business card for criticism. To improve the composition, set the matter thus : In the upper left-hand corner place, in very small type, the two names. In the center of the card place “Charlesbank Press” in type same size as that now employed ; directly underneath this line place “The Times” in very small type ; then in 12-point type of medium heavy face put the words “Job Printing”; in lower right-hand corner put “Newton, Massachusetts,” in about 8-point. A. E. Patton, with the Woodbine (Iowa) Chronicle, says : “I take the liberty of submitting for your criticism a few samples of jobwork done by me in the various offices in which I have worked. Should, in your opinion, ‘ a rubber stamp be artistic in comparison,’ I should be better pleased to know it than go on thinking they are very good. I have had the pleasure of reading The Inland Printer only a short time, and I find it almost indispensable, and I will not be without it again. Its criticisms are so honest and candid, its advice to young printers better than any I have ever seen. In fact, it is so far ahead of these ‘ $5 per annum ’ publications that it seems strange that they have any sub¬ scribers at all, after one has once seen The Inland Printer.” Your work is not of the “ rubber stamp ” variety, and it compares very favorably with the commercial printing of today. F. B. Estabrook, printer, Marlboro, Massachusetts, says he enjoys studying this department, and sends some samples for criticism, and also asks for suggestions to improve his own stationery — a bill-head and a note-head. The “Bicycle Inn” bill-head could be improved very much if you would construct it upon these lines : Let the top por¬ tion, including name, remain as it now is ; make “To” and “ Dr.” much smaller. Take the two lines, “ Bicycles to let and for sale ” and “All kinds of repairing promptly done,” and set them in 10-point Jenson caps immediately in the center under “Bicycle Inn,” which last line you should move to the center of the heading. Now, in very small-faced type, at the extreme right side of measure, in about three lines, set the matter relating to the French teacher. To bal¬ ance this, place at the left side the words “ Orders left here for teaching” and “Telephone Connections.” It will pay you to reset this job on these lines, if for nothing more than practice, because you will then demonstrate, in a practical way, the lesson here intended, and you will not be likely to miss an opportunity for a nicely constructed and evenly balanced job again. The way the job is now, it is all crowded, even proper leading being excluded, presumably for want of space. The plan suggested will leave you plenty of room. Now for your bill-head : We do not fancy the style of making either the firm name flush to the right or the business flush to the right, or vice versa, because it makes the heading look lop-sided. It would be better to let the top portion of your bill-head remain as it is, moving the firm name to center of space. Underneath the name, in direct center, set “Steam Book and Job Printing” in two lines, taking the first three words for the first line, and the last 66 THE INLAND PRINTER. two for the second line, setting them, say, in 14-point Jenson caps ; now, in 8-point Jenson place the words “ Ball and Society Printing” flush to the left, and your street address set in same type, flush to the right. It would not be a bad plan to work the two lines underneath your name in red at the same time that you print the cut. This would improve it very much. Take out the second mention of “ bookwork ” and substitute something else in its stead. One mention of it is sufficient. Your note-head is peculiar and has a num¬ ber of bad points. We think it would look well set after this style ; Move the cut down to center of heading ; under this, in about 12-point Jenson, one word just under the other, place “Artistic Printing.” Now in light-face small type group the other reading matter in panels, so as to make a perfect balance. Set the date line much smaller, as it is now the most prominent part of the heading. The employ¬ ment of the pointers above and below one of the panels, as you now have it, is bad. Don’t use borders around the panels when you reconstruct the note-head. An appropriate ornament or two would be all right, especially if worked in a nice tint. Avoid extra-condensed letters. Your presswork is excellent, and some of your composition is very good. Standard Printing Company, Frankfort, Kentucky : We consider your No. 3 blank note the best specimen of composition, although the wording is not what it should be in that case. The words “Value received” should be in the next line after “ dollars.” Make this change, dropping the rest of the matter down about twelve points, and move the words “ of Frankfort, Kentucky,” to the center of middle line, and you will have good form and an excellent job. Patterson, Progressive Printer, Benton Harbor, Michi¬ gan, sends us some samples which show conclusively that he is all his title implies. His work is certainly progressive and of no ordinary kind. Worthy of particular mention are the cards of Dunbar & Reich and the pamphlet cover of Benton Harbor Nurseries. We have no suggestions to offer Mr. Patterson. A. A. Stewart, Salem, Massachusetts, sends a bill-head. No. 2, for criticism. We consider this a good bill-head, of original design. In work designed and set on this plan, it letter-head, while the Tudor Black design is the more artis¬ tic of the two, yet the one set in Elandkay is the more prac¬ tical. Both are very neat. We would not advise the use of such heavy ornaments as you employ on some of your com¬ mercial stationery, as is evidenced on the Science Associa¬ tion letter-head. Your work has a good balance and shows a proper attention to details. Louis Hirsh, Book and Job Printer, Chillicothe, Miss¬ ouri, sends for criticism a reset double-column advertise¬ ment, which was reconstructed by him. Mr. Hirsh has this to say : “I think The Inland Printer is doing lots of good to printers generally through its columns of criticism, and I am willing to take a ‘ roast ’ if I deserve it. I am satisfied that The Inland Printer will not ‘ roast ’ anyone if they do not deserve it ; and if they do deserve it, it will do them good, as it shows them wherein their work is faulty.” We appreciate these good words, and the spirit especially in which they were written. The copy from which Mr. Hirsch set his ad. was anything but good, and the compositor who originally set it used too many faces of type, his body type was too large, and effective “ whiting out” was ignored. Then, too, we think there was a mis¬ conception of the proper display of the “telling” or “trade¬ getting ” wording. We see that you have avoided the errors spoken of above and we regard your ad. as the correct inter¬ pretation of what the advertiser intended to convey. Wood B. Pemberton, Columbia, Missouri, with E. W. Stephens, sends us a parcel of newspaper ads. set by him. The ads. are mostly page size, but in the collection are many smaller ones. There isn’t a poor ad. in the lot. They are all first-class, up-to-date examples, and Mr. Stephens is most fortunate in having so capable a man as Mr. Pem¬ berton. The ads. are mostly set in French Old Style, with plenty of white space, which throws out the display in a most satisfactory manner. O. D. Hansell, Lennox, South Dakota, sends two sam¬ ples of cards for criticism. The card of J. W. Dunn is extremely neat, well-balanced and harmonious. We cannot say your color card is good. The scheme is bad, inharmoni¬ ous and looks very amateurish. This is not said to wound Salem, Mass*, . 189 M FURNITURE, ^ ^ ^ ^ UPHOLSTERY, AND CHILDREN'S CARRIAGES. -J. L LOUGEE, 259-263 ESSEX STREET, jt Jit COR. BARTON SQUARE. is, in our opinion, advisable to omit the punctuation marks. In this instance we would have omitted commas after J. L. Lougee, street, furniture and upholstery ; also periods after carriages and square. Melvin Z. Remsburgh, with the University Courier Press, University, post office, Los Angeles, California, has many good things to say of The Inland Printer, and incidentally mentions that he is studying drawing and designing at the University near where he resides. This will do you an immense amount of good. Mr. Remsburgh submits samples of his work which are excellent and show that he has artistic talent. In regard to the Stabler & Mort your feelings, but to put you on the right track. Color schemes should not be attempted by anyone without they have something to do it with, and not then unless they have a good idea of it. Simplicity is the one thing essential to good work on this line. Elaboration, as a rule, should be shunned. The trouble with most printers in color work is that they try how many loud colors they can use. Get a knowledge of colors before using them. Myrten T. Smith, with L. Pease & Co., Hartford, Con¬ necticut, says he is much pleased with this, department and sends some of his samples for criticism. The best job in the lot is the card of J. E. Leitz, which, considering the THE INLAND PRINTER. 67 amount of matter on it, is very tasty. The Mahl note-head is not g-ood. You should have placed the first two lines in the center of heading, and then constructed the other read¬ ing matter in panels or sections at either side at top or bot¬ tom, with the exception of street address and telephone, which could have been placed in the center under second line. Be careful not to give your work a top-heavy appear¬ ance. You should not be afraid to deviate from the exact arrangement of your customers’ copy. A. R. Andrews, foreman Daily News Job Department, Batavia, New York, sends a large and varied package of his commercial work for criticism and review. The specimens were neatly and conveniently arranged and assorted. This was a very interesting collection and comprised almost everything in the commercial line. Conspicuous in the the Le Gros bill-head “bought of” and “wholesale and retail” should be smaller, also the last two lines on this heading. Your advertisements are excellent and show that you thoroughly understand up-to-date methods in the com¬ position of ads. J. W. Blackford, Cheboygan, Michigan. — The ink you have used on the S. L. Fishel card is an ordinary grade of ultramarine blue, and has the appearance of being “ coarse ” and thin. The trouble you had in making it a “ clear ” blue was undoubtedly due to this fact, coupled with an improperly washed press and rollers. After black ink has been used, it is necessary to have a very clean press in order to get cor¬ rect shades in colors. One washing is not sufficient. After the colored ink is on the press it is sometimes necessary to “wash up” two and three times. A little ordinary corn JiC W.. . - . ♦♦In Account With _GRISWOLD & McWAIN, THE NEWS ^ BUILDING...'^ No. 23 JACK- * SON STREET. PUBLISHERS The Daily News^ The Batavian^ ^ sample is the advertising matter of the Daily News, con¬ taining some of the best prepared and most judicious adver¬ tising of a newspaper that we have ever seen, and it shows very clearly that the gentleman who handles the business helm of the News understands his work thoroughly, and also that he has a very able assistant, who gets out his printing in a manner which cannot fail to bring in results. We regret that most of this work was in colors, otherwise we would have reproduced some of it. However, we will reproduce the firm’s bill-head. No. 3. It was worked in two colors, red and black, and made an exceedingly good effect, with a small amount of labor. The heavy ornament, to¬ gether with the matter inside the border, was in red, all the rest in black. The News' New Year’s address is very artistic. This firm has a very modern equipment in all respects and the material is handled in a most creditable manner. John W. Scott, with the Pioneer Publishing Company, Mandan, North Dakota, sends sample of statement-head for criticism.- While the plan of this heading is good, it is too “blocky” or square, caused by making nearly every line flush. We think it would have helped the heading much to have set the name of publication in the center of line and placed the matter pertaining to job printing in a neat panel at upper left-hand corner of heading. G. A. Fox, foreman of the printing department of Milton Bradley & Co., Springfield, Massachusetts, sends a few samples of work for criticism. The specimens are all neat and well balanced. We do not fancy the color scheme on the red and green folder. Frank Lush, with The Examiner Printing Company, Peterborough, Ontario, sends a package of his everyday work for criticism, and says he is much pleased with the new department and wonders that it was not started before. The best constructed note-head is that of A. McDonald. We do not think the crowding evidenced on the Le Gros bill-head and the Foot & McWhinnie statement good. In starch thoroughly mixed with this ink would undoubtedly have helped it. The white ink is very hard to get satisfac¬ tory results with, and should be of a special grade, but a quantity of corn starch would have made it “lift” better. If the ink is very stiff, use a thin varnish to reduce it and then add the corn starch, mixing it thoroughly with an ink knife on an ink slab. Your composition is very good, as a whole. Your Oscar Lunden card is faulty. The “ pointer ” before the word “ with ” is a very clumsy looking affair, the large “O” and “L” are entirely too prominent, and the body type used on the card is much too large. H. A. Barnes, New York City, sends a large assortment of commercial work for criticism, and says: “I have been in the printing business for fourteen years, and can still say that my best ideas are obtained from The Inland Printer and from the masterly manner in which you treat specimens sent you.” There is not a bad job in the whole of this large collection. The only criticism we have to make is the use of ornamentation. On church work mural ornaments should be the rule. Study this feature of the art. You have used these ornaments correctly in the large folder of the Fifth Avenue Baptist Church. Carlton K. Smeed, with D. H. Arnold, Three Rivers, Michigan, sends some samples of commercial and general work for criticism and review. The Jenson blotter is an exceedingly neat job, as is also the application blank of Three Rivers Commandery, Knights Templar. The an¬ nouncement of Sheffield Car Company is neat and artistic. Your work is all good and up-to-date. We must here remind you that samples for reproduction must be clear proofs in black ink on white paper. Charles N. Oatman, Massillon, Ohio, says he “wants to be criticised as much as possible — it will do me good.” Bill-head of Ridgeway Burton Company is too black : should be lightened by the judicious use of light-face type. This plan would strengthen the main lines and help the job, which has a very heavy effect. Bill-head of Massillon City 68 THE INLAND PRINTER. Mills is too crowded — that is it is too “ bunchy.” “ Choice Winter Wheat ” is too far away from the word “ Flour ” with which it was intended to be associated. Bill-head of Phil. J. Bernower is excellent. The other work is very good. A much lighter tint on your firm’s business card would help it and strengthen parts that now appear weak. E. A. G., Laconia, New Hampshire. — The Echo Cycle Club membership ticket is artistic and well done, both as to presswork and composition. Same may be said of News and Critic letter-head. As a rule you use too much border and fancy work on your stationery. In the George Tetreau bill-head you make a mistake by setting ” Standard Fashion Co.” too prominent. This is a side issue to his business, which is that of a dry goods merchant. We observe that you did this to balance your job, but you must never sacri¬ fice good form and a proper conception in order to balance any job. F. M. Claflin, foreman of the Tribune Job Department, Fremont, Nebraska, says some very kind and encouraging things of The Inland Printer, and sends a very large package of compiercial printing for review and criticism. The year book of the Fremont Woman’s Club, printed on fine deckle-edge stock, is very neat and artistic. The same Plenty of white space is more to be desired than a crowded or a too “black” job. No. 39, for nine impressions, the result was anything but satisfactory. It is overdone. Two good contrast colors, with composition much simplified, would be a decided improvement. Do not spread your type all over the stock, as you did in this case. You need to adopt different plans for your work. Simplify them. No. 7, “In account with” too large, too much space between “ dealer in ” and line above and below ; last line crowded too near the bottom of heading and top line too close to top. Nos. 23, 35, 38 and 40 are very good. Set jobs from time to time and submit them in less bulky packages, sa5' two or three at one time, and we will gladly criticise them any time. This will help you, we know. You will derive more benefit from it. The Tribune Company, Warren, Ohio, sends samples for criticism and review. Your work is all of more than ordinary merit and shows artistic treatment in all depart¬ ments. Your blotter and envelope are especially artistic. Will Ennis, Marshalltown, Iowa, with the Reflector, submits! samples of his ad. composition. Among the best country weekly ads. we have ever seen. Would do credit to any city daily. Paper is an eight-page weekly. Make-up can also be said of the programme of the annual banquet of the High School Alumni Association. Your “Guide” cover is very good and well done. The ads. in the programme of the Nebraska Photographers’ Association are excellent. Your work is all good and up-to-date. We reproduce one of your blank checks. No. 4, because it is neat, conventional, and at the same time out of the ordinary. Messrs. Rarrick and Nehrbas deserve credit for their excellent presswork. L. M. Wood, with the Wayne County Press; Fairfield, Illinois, says The Inland Printer is his instructor, and that this department contains the greatest amount of prac¬ tical teaching he has as yet read. The work is all good, well balanced, neat and effective. Worthy of especial men¬ tion are : The card of Fairfield Lumber Company and letter¬ head of G. E. Daniels & Co. You deserve credit for your excellent presswork as well as composition. Ed N. Cuneo, Upper Sandusky, Ohio, sends forty speci¬ mens of his work for criticism and review. Thanks for your kind remarks. These samples are consecutively num¬ bered. We will refer to them as numbered, for your con¬ venience. Sorry that space forbids reviewing all the samples, because we could point out many things that would help your work. Your brother’s designing is quite clever and shows that he has good conceptions of art. Most of your work is too “ loud.” You use too much large type. Do not try and take up the entire space of a heading. neatness itself, and shows that it has a splendid patronage from the advertisers, who undoubtedly realize that it pays to advertise in a paper where the ad. man uses his head as well as his hands. J. C. Harlan, manager Cambridge Kaleidoscope, Cam¬ bridge, Nebraska, asks us to pass judgment on his business card and letter-head. Business card could be improved by setting the words “ Cambridge, Nebraska,” in smaller type and taking out one lead between the two main lines. The letter-head is very good, indeed, for that class of work. F. L. Johnson, Corunna, Michigan, sends a large parcel of his commercial work for criticism and review, accom¬ panying it with a portrait of himself and a friend printer, whose name is unknown to us, because no communication accompanied the package. These two printers are studying the pages of the February Inland Printer. Thanks for the remembrance. The best piece of composition in the lot is the card of Charles Jackson, insurance, and this would have been much better had the border been left off from around the upper right-hand panel. We consider this an excellent specimen of forcible display, especially so in view of the vast amount of matter thereon. The Fourth of July menu card is quite unique. It has a firecracker tied to one corner with pieces of red, white and blue silk twist. The reception and banquet programme of Corunna Com- mandery is very good. One thing we see in your statement- THE INLAND PRINTER. H9 heads that we believe to be original, is the practice of setting “ in account with” in the center of the line above the firm name, in three lines, each word in the center directly beneath the other. This is a good idea, especially so when there is but very little matter on the heading. Your school blanks are also good. We do not like the use you make of an extra condensed letter, especially as the main line in a statement, bill-head or letter-head ; for instance the state¬ ment of “The Corunna Journal.” The line was so short that flourishes had to be used on each end to make the line of proper length. This is a bad practice, and has spoiled an otherwise good job. There is another feature of your work that we wish to point out. Take the Mason & Fox letter-head and the D. R. Salisbury bill-head, and compare them. They are exactly the reverse as to treatment. In one the “ Mason & Fox Furniture Co.” is set in 24-point regular De Vinne, and their line of goods— “ medium and low- priced bedroom suites” — in 12-point condensed. This is bad. The firm name is all right as it is, but the next line should be “brought out” more. The individual names of the company should be much less prominent. The Salisbury bill-head is the reverse of this. D. R. Salisbury should be more prominent, and the line of goods not so strong. “ Office of ” and “ manufacturer of” should be less promi¬ nent. If you will follow these suggestions you will see your work improve. There is a reason, or at least should be, for everything you do in this class of work, and in stationery the rule to follow is to make the firm name the prominent thing, and the line of goods handled secondary in impor¬ tance, but there should be a distinction, though not so great a one as noted. Peter Hofman, ad. man on the Big Tri-Weeklies, Clin¬ ton, Iowa, sends a number of ads. set by him for criticism. We have only words of commendation for Mr. Hofman’s work. Strictly first-class, sensible newspaper ads. that cannot help but appeal to intelligent buyer and advertiser alike. Asa Forrest, Jr., printer and binder. Canton, South Dakota, thinks The Inland Printer is the biggest and best $2 investment a printer can make. Your work is very neat and shows good press work. Balance and finish good. Be careful of your color combinations. You need to study this point. Hal Marchbanks & Co., printers, Ennis, Texas, sub¬ mit an artistically designed and embossed stock menu card, which they have converted to the use of advertising their business, enumerating in menu style everything they print. They accompany this menu card with an invitation printed in script type to partake of these enumerated specialties as occasion may demand. The work is well done, but the idea is not new. Ira Hall, with the Pekin Valley News, Brownwood, Texas. Your work is very creditable as a whole, and shows that you have a good conception of effective printing. It is not a good plan to use a script letter and a shaded letter together for the main lines. It will be a good idea for you to study up on color work, judging from the bill-head of your firm. Your composition is all well balanced and fin¬ ished. From Lord & Thomas, newspaper advertising agents, Chicago, Illinois, six samples of advertisement composition. Three are for the Weir Plow Company, advertising Kingman implements. With the exception of the one set in Bradley, they are first-class, and the only fault with this one is that the word “ Kingman ” is too small. Two sizes larger for the name with a 36-point “K” as a starter, and this would have been perfection. The other ads. are fine and show that Lord & Thomas have an ad. compositor who understands his business. PRESSROOM QUERIES AND ANSWERS. CONDUCTED BY A PRESSMAN. TO CORRESPONDENTS.— Letters for this department should be mailed direct to 212 Monroe street, Chicago. The names and addresses of correspondents must be given, not necessarily for publication, but merely to identify them if occasion should arise. No letters will be answered by mail which properly belong to this department. Wants Recipe for Making Rollers. — J. L., of Pitts¬ burg, Pennsylvania, asks us for a formula for making roller composition. Answer. — See The Inland Printer for Jan¬ uary, page 437. His First Attempt at Making His Own Embossing Dies. — D. P. C., of Virden, Illinois, writes: “I send you a specimen of embossing done on a Gordon press. I used cardboard in making the overcast (female), and the letters that were cut from this cast (male) I pasted onto the platen of the press. I then fed the paper in the usual way, right over the letters, and when the overcast came down it raised the letters in embossed form. This is my first trial. Please let me know of any improvement j-^ou can suggest.” Answer. — Your first attempt is creditable ; but use a thicker cardboard in future, and also even up the strength of your impression, so that all parts will show a uniformly embossed surface. What’s the Matter with the Cuts. — “Nix,” of Nash¬ ville, Tennessee, has sent us' six pages of a small monthly which contains five half-tone illustrations, regarding which he says: “I want to ask the same question that J, H., of Baltimore, Maryland, asked in the December number, i. e.. Please let me know why the plates don’t show up ? I con¬ tend that it is bum work for a first-class office. The fault is not in the cuts — at least, I don’t think so. The press the sheet was printed on is new.” Answer. — Of the five cuts shown only two have been properly etched ; the others have been overetched, and thereby divested of their tones and reliefs. The cuts shown on pages 162 and 169 are simply bad — the former, vile. The letterpress on type and the two good plates is commendable, and fully indorses our opinion, that the man who printed these could have produced a better result if he had had well-made cuts instead of those shown. Wants a Remedy for Type Working Off Its Feet. _ J. M. K.,of Nashua, Iowa, asks : “ Can you tell me a remedy for type working off its feet ? I am working an improved country Prouty press which we have had for a year. I was bothered some at first with this difiiculty, but it suddenly disappeared, from no cause apparently, until last fall, when it has been worse than ever. We have worked the press with a heavy impression, and with a light impression, and have had the bed drop both hard and easy; but all to no pur¬ pose.” Answer. — In the absence of a copy of your paper, it is difficult to say what is probably wrong. Possibly you have added a new blanket to the cylinder, or else increased its diameter by additional tympan, in which case you may have so over added to its circumference that it is traveling at a different rate of speed than the bed will permit of. Look into this matter. If the bed is not rigidly supported, or is, in its construction, insufficiently strong to withstand the pressure necessary to do the work, then there must be some mechanical defect in the machine. Too thick a felt blanket on such machines has a tendency to spring the cylinder and bed when not nicely adjusted to type-height. Sometimes the lock-up, or the way the column rules meet the cylinder under impression, have much to do with type working off its feet. Let us hear from you again. Cleaning off Bronze and Printing on Envelopes. — J. W., of Clarksville, Tennessee, writes : I want a remedy for cleaning off bronze applied to satin ribbon with a piece of cotton. I find that the bronze invariably adheres to the unprinted part of the ribbon and leaves a smeared look. I have used both black ink and gold sizing, but the result is 70 THE INLAND PRINTER. All rights reserved Photo by John H. Tarbell, Asheville. N. C. Aunt Faithful. the same. How can I remedy this? I have no bronzing pad, only got cotton to apply and clean off bronze with. Also give me information about printing envelopes, with cut, on platen press. I have used blotter boards, also newspaper tympan rubbed down to a feather edge, but the cut prints with a streak through it, and have also tried over¬ laying with feather-edge overlay.” Answer. — Do not take up too much bronze, at a time, on the cotton pad ; use a little coarser bronze — but of good color — and dust off with clean wads of cotton or an old silk handkerchief. Shake out the pads and handkerchief to get rid of the accumulation of bronze. To print on envelopes, use a thin rubber blanket close to the iron face of the platen of press, or a medium thick piece of cloth goods, and draw over the blanket two or three sheets of soft book paper. An overlay to conform to the single-sheet portion of the back of the envelope overlap, a sta¬ tionary gauge, and perfect feeding to this gauge, will be found advantageous. India Rubber Shavings for Roller Compo¬ sition. — A. W., of Lexington, Kentucky, writes: ” In the January issue of The Inland Printer you publish various roller composition recipes. In one of them you advise the use of purified india rubber shavings. Will you kindly state where they can be procured, and by what process they are to be liquefied?” Answer. — India rubber, properly called caoutchouc, is an elastic gum ob¬ tained from the milky juice of certain trees of tropical lands. The constituent of the juice hard¬ ens and darkens on exposure to the air. It is impermeable to water, tenacious, elastic, and, when fully seasoned, is unalterable by exposure to air. This is what is meant by purified rubber, in which condition it is capable of being melted at 150 de¬ grees ; it is also soluble in ether, rectified spirits of turpentine, oil of coal tar, or essential oils. By the addition of a small quantity of ammonia the milk can be preserved in its liquid condition. There is a decided difference in what is here meant as pure india rubber and manufactured, or vul¬ canized, india rubber. The latter cannot be used in the connection indicated. Pure caoutchouc, or rubber, may be had at the leading painters’ supply shops, rubber manu¬ facturers, or wholesale druggists. It is sold in lump, by the pound, and can be cut up in thin strips for melting. To Remove Copying Ink from Rollers.— T. P., of Atlanta, Georgia, writes : “ I would like to know the best way to remove copying ink from the face of composition rollers. I find water clogs them, and oil don’t seem to mix ; and as you know that water is injurious to the roller, I am desirous of knowing the best thing to use in washing them free from the ink.” Answer. — As copying ink is usually made from aniline colors, glycerin, etc., it is well to become familiar with what will successfully operate as a remover and cleanser in such cases. Anilines and glycerin combined reasonably resist the action of oil, benzine, tur¬ pentine, etc.; it is therefore necessary to make use of a liquid which will act on them and be at the same time harm¬ less when judiciously employed. Any of the articles just mentioned will tend to soften and liquefy the ink, which should be rubbed off the roller with a rag or soft waste paper ; then moisten a sponge in a weak lye and rub off the face of the roller quite rapidly, so that the lye may not have time to affect the surface of the composition of the roller. When this has been done, wash out the sponge, so that it will be as clean as possible ; then lightly and quickly sponge off the roller, using as little water at the time as possible, after which lay the roller aside to dry. If this course is followed there will not be any risk of rollers being injured. The injury occurs by reason of too much water being applied in the cleaning-off operation. Cause of Rollers Tearing Off the Stocks.— G. Bros., of Newark, New Jersey, after acknowledging that The Inland Printer has helped them out of many other diffi¬ culties, add : “Would you kindly inform us how to remedy the following trouble : We have had this experience every winter for a number of years, that our rollers tear — that is, melt — off the stocks and wind around the next roller, in this way completely destroying the rollers. The form rollers are 3 by 46 inches. We have set them in different ways, but have experienced no relief. Our presses, at highest speed, run about fifteen hundred an hour. The tear begins about three or four inches from the end of the roller ; the composition is the usual glue, molasses, etc. We have thought the trouble came from the hot-water pipes, which run around the side of the building in front of the press, but the last accident happened when the room was quite cool. How should we have set our rollers, and could you recom¬ mend a better composition ?” Answer. — The cause of roller composition tearing off the stocks is threefold, i. e., bad composition — that is, composition recast too often ; allow¬ ing ink to dry on the face of the rollers, whereby a gummy surface is left on their face, which sticks to the vibratory ones and gradually demolishes them, and also chiefly by THE INLAND PRINTER. 71 reason of bad setting up to the form and metal vibratory rollers. (See “ Presswork,” pages 76 and 77, on this essen¬ tial point.) The condition and set of all composition rollers is all-important when it comes to proper wear and printed results. It therefore occurs to us that the trouble you com¬ plain of arises from either setting your rollers too hard to the regular surfaces of form and metal roller, or that, if not thus set, the socket ends are irregular in distance, so that the roller does not touch eve7ily from end to end. About Home-Made Rollers. — W. A. D., of Mechanics- ville, Iowa, has had much trouble in making his own rollers, judging from what he writes us. He says: “We cast our own press rollers — we are having trouble and cannot get a roller. This is our recipe : five pounds glue, soaked half an hour and thoroughly melted — we use a good ground glue ; one gallon New Orleans molasses, heated and added, half¬ pint glycerin; the whole heated in water bath one hour. This was too soft ; so we added two pounds more glue and two ounces balsam of fir. Still the composition was too soft; and after standing ten hours in the molds, the core pulls out, leaving the composition in the mold. The compo¬ sition is as soft as half-cooled candy. Where is the trouble ? Is it the glue, the short cooling, the molasses, or where? We will be obliged for a good roller composition that can be made by the average country printer. Since the above was written, we have received a copy of The Inland Printer with the recipes for making press rollers. We tried No. 5. The oil we used to oil the molds with was lard oil ; something was wrong, since the roller would not let go the mold and come out without tearing. What kind of oil is best ? We are trying it again, using sperm oil — such as is used for sewing machines — as pure as we can get it. What is the method for removing rollers from molds? Can New Orleans molasses be substituted for sugar-house molasses in your recipe ? Is there any particular difference between Cooper’s glue and ribbon glue?’’ Answer. — Our correspondent has evidently overlooked the fact that he did not “cook” his composition ingredients as required in the first place ; nor did he use such glue as was best adapted for his purpose, for ground glue is far from being the proper shape for making rollers, as it holds too much of the moisture left by soaking in water, and water is what must be avoided in the making of a good roller composition. These mistakes caused the failure of your composition ; and that the core pulled out and left the mixture in the mold was but natural. As you now have before you several good recipes to choose from, let us remind you that the glue, and other admixtures put into it, must be properly incorporated by slow boiling ; the glue should be well melted first, and all deleterious matter skimmed off the top, before adding the other ingredients. New Orleans molasses is the same as sugar-house or sugar-cane molasses. Syrups which contain water are not suitable. Glue that will break off short and snappy — like glass — should be selected, irrespective of the name it is known by. The cakes of glue should be trans¬ parent and free from dirt ; avoid glue that bends too much before snapping. A mixture of lard oil and ordinary sperm oil — say, half-and half — will be found sufficiently good for oiling up the mold with ; but the mold must be from fairly warm to hot, when being oiled up before the composition is poured in, and before the roller is attempted to be with¬ drawn from it. The mold should be suspended a short dis¬ tance from the floor, to allow the roller to “start” out. Sometimes it is necessary to assist the “start” of the roller by pressure on the end of the roller stock. If the roller mold is thoroughly and smoothly oiled, and kept warm until the composition has been poured in, and then uniformly warmed up before drawing the roller, there should be no trouble in getting a perfect cast, other details having been correctly followed. This applies chiefly to rollers made in cold weather. THE CAMPBELL COMPANY’S ADVERTISING POLICY. The Printer-Laureate contest, the closing announcement of which appeared last month, has been but one of the many methods employed by the new management of the Campbell Printing Press & Manufacturing Company to bring its new type of press, the “Century,” prominently before the print¬ ing trade. It has served to bring the “ Century ” press and the Campbell Company to the attention of many more than the 20,000 printers and publishers who have voted ; it has served also to bring these voters in close touch with each other, and to arouse a feeling of kinship among them and throughout the trade generally which has been heretofore unknown. In addition to the long-headed and broad busi¬ ness policy of this concern’s new management, a liberality has been shown which has resulted in the presentation of a $1,700 “ Century” pony to the winner of the Printer Laur- eateship, the which is an earnest of the belief that “ What is worth doing at all is worth doing well.” For the last year and a half every reader of The Inland Printer and of other trade journals must have noticed the new hand in the Campbell Company’s management. Just previous to that time the “Century” press had appeared on the market, the first visible evidence to the world that the Campbell Company had been born again. This was clinched by the revelation of the possibility of applying up-to-date advertising methods to the sale of printing ma¬ chinery. It is beyond question a fact that no other print¬ ing press house has ever before aroused the interest of the trade by such convincing, aggressive and logical statements and fast- following fulfillments as to the capabilities of its machine as has this company. And yet the general manager of the Campbell Company states that their advertising is as yet in its infancy. “We are constantly planning for its future development and increased efficiency,” he says. “ So with every department of our business. It is our aim to have not only the best machinery that money and brains can produce, but the best advertising department to be found anywhere ; the best sell¬ ing organization ; the best financial management ; and the most expert mechanical skill it is possible for us to obtain. Our competitors can prepare for an attack all along the line ; we are after the best and highest-class business of this country, and we are going to get it ; first, because we have got and are going to continue to have newer, more efficient and more modern machinery than other concerns ; second, because we will advertise it as no printing press has ever been advertised, and w'hat is better still, we will substan¬ tiate every statement we make ; third, because we will have a selling organization which will be invincible in its knowl¬ edge of men, machinery and conditions, and, fourth, because we have a business management which never sleeps, and which will so harmonize and concentrate the work of each department into one irresistible business-producing organi¬ zation that the printers of this country will naturally look to us for all that is modern and efficient, not because what we have is cheap, for it is not, but because our machinery and business methods more perfectly meet the demand of the times than do those of any of our competitors.” The printers of this country will do well to keep in close touch with any concern whose constant tendency is toward such radical improvement in both method and mechanism. HIGH VALUE PLACED UPON THE INLAND PRINTER. We consider your publication just the thing for the up-to- date printer ; and we value it just as highly as any piece of machinery in our office. We look for it every month, for we are sure of finding something of great value to us in it. — William & Robert H. Maar, Poughkeepsie, New York. 72 THE INLAND PRINTER. NEWSPAPER ILLUSTRATORS— FRANK GARVIN. BY F. PENN. SEVERAL examples of newspaper illustration by Frank Garvin, of the Pittsburg Dispatch, are shown on opposite page. Mr. Garvin is a native of Pittsburg, having been born in that city in 1869. He started to learn lithography, but was induced to leave that calling and take up newspaper work, doing his first draw¬ ing for the Commercial Gazette. He after¬ ward left that paper and went to the Dis¬ patch, with which publication he is now connected. Although Mr. Garvin has never received an art education, his work shows considerable originality and correctness in handling. His entire attention is not de¬ voted to cartoons, but he does general Frank Garvin. i j a a newspaper work of every kind. As most of his work is by the chalk process, we are able to show but few of his drawings. le the typewriter operation made it accept- quarter of a century has I'e the original feed, simply THE SEARS TYPO-MATRIX MACHINE AND THE DIFFERENTIAL FEED TYPEWRITER. There have appeared in these pages within the past few years a number of announcements in connection with the typo-matrix machine patents, the invention of Mr. Charles Sears, of Cleveland, Ohio. It was antici¬ pated by the inventor and so announced that his device would be on the market before the present time, and in a recent letter of explanation in this regard he offers many reasons for the delay, the most powerful being that impor¬ tant improvements have been suggested at various times, and the consequent remodeling has taken much time. The entire system has, however, now been completed and the suggested improvements put beyond experiment, and all the plans are almost completed for the model machine, which, it is anticipated, will be perfected at an early date. The casting mechanism is working satisfactorily, no difficulty being found in casting regularly forty line slugs a min¬ : .iiiiiiiiMa xa iaiSSSS§Si.a ia ixl/Iiinii i iM Hi ii i i i 1 iMii i i iiiii il'-fiii liii iM lyi i i i i i 1 i Livla a-aS'- S 1 i i ; 1 i i, 1 ifc; b a aa Ivl i j i i i i i i I.I IvH.-IM: ^ bSiiiiiiiiLMTvLv-Yb&I ..:.-..LvJvudaiax3ibSfSrb-, M-’yT. lyjtiraiiD'laaaSSiii uniic-S iaaMvi.liiLrvI :^Ii iiiiiiilv:a.aaSSi ixi i i ii i SSaa CAiii L nilv' l/jaiiiiijiMiiiiiiSFSbSSSFuiiii., V Ji i.: j ulb Xvliii iii i a -i a iSbf l .Sb ia ia'i b. .i r. i i u iX' / JvUvSLV.i- Vh tion in this c other. I do i M i i i i i i i i Ha 1 a i a i 3 S S S S S i a i a 1 all i i i i i I.IiiiiiiiimiiiiiSSSSSSSSiiiiiilliii Mi i i i i i i illaaaSS i i i i i i i i i GSaaaMi iii Mii ii i i i IMaaaSSi i i i i i i i ISSaeaMi iii mmmiMi iiiilSSSSSSiililiii iLn.nTri:^ mcmialaiaiSS.SSSSSi i i i i iin..E;Ii.aySyI Ml i i i i i i ILIaaaSSl i i i i i i i i SSaaalli iii Mi i i i i i i i MaaaSS iiiiiiili SSaaaMi ii i Mi i i i i i i iMi i i i i i SSSS3SS3 i i i i i iMi i i MiiiiiiiiMaiaiaiSSSSSSiaiaiaMiii iM IM iiiili iillM ute, and although sixty slugs there is no mechanical difficulty in the way of that being attained. In an interview with Mr. Sears he said : “There are two valuable features identified with my invention that stamp it with the impress of merit, value and success ; inasmuch as we have succeeded in possessing a material for the operation of a matrix machine where all other attempts have failed ; we have also accomplished what all efforts hitherto have never succeeded in doing, a ‘differential feed in a type- ; in giving inven- sed the ,de, but a type¬ writer from being brought into use. A ‘ differential feed typewriter ’ wMl be a part of my system. Its advantages connected with the operation of machine composition are evident. The present typewriter has been brought largely into use by those having machine composi¬ tion in operation, because it meant rapidity of production and legibility — both important factors in rendering aid to the operator in obtaining results commensurate with the ex¬ pense and effort connected with it ; but the value of this aid is greatly enhanced when the copy presented to him not only has rapidity and legibility, but is prepared ex¬ actly as it is to be set up by him on the machine line by line, just as if from ‘ reprint copy. ’ .... I had long recognized that the introduction of machine composition would also bring the typewriter into use in the preparation of copy, and had typewriters from their inception had a differential feed in connection with Iheir business, and - ' machine composition would have greatly ben¬ efited thereby ; but introduction of my inven¬ tion will see the copy prepared with a differ¬ ential feed typewriter, thus enabling the operator to have the free use of his ability without distraction. Copy pre¬ pared on my typewriter will mean that it can be cut in lines and come out even ; it means that any article can be set up on the typewriter the width of newspaper column or page of book, go to the proofreader for correction, be revised and rewritten and come to the operator on the machine correct, having served all the purpose of a regular proofsheet, with¬ out the expense of same being incurred ; and in my system no mistakes could be made by the operator without being lliiM iliiM iM THE INLAND PRINTER. 73 instantly detected by him, after such copy was placed before him.” The illustrations herewith show the differential feed compared with the feed in common use today, the matter and size of type in each being the same. BILL NYE AND THE RAILWAY. Whatever may be the popular impression, not all that Bill Nye ever wrote has been printed. Once, at least, he wrote to a railway company for a pass, and the correspond¬ ence connected therewith has been unpublished. E. O. McCormick, of Cincinnati, passenger traffic manager of the “ Big Four” road, was the depositary of Nye’s philosophic reflections. Under date of April, 1894, he wrote : “ I am not in the habit of unjustly roasting anybody. In fact, with decent treatment, lots of times I do not roast those who deserve it. I am perhaps more ready to tell unpleasant truths of those who are not courteous to me. We are all that way some. Kind words can never die, and it’s a good deal the same way with the other variety. I am not a vin¬ dictive man, but I do not enjoy putting an insult into my pocket and keeping it there along with my rheumatic buck¬ eye. These sentiments toward the world are cherished in Drawn by Frank Garvin. a Christian spirit, and set forth as personal characteristics of use to my enemies and naturally of interest to my friends. As to your road in particular, I have repeatedly gone over it, and sent my family over it, and it generally made me a better man.” To this the railway man replied : ” Your very kind favor of July 18 received. Am obliged to you for the sentiment it contains. I trust that the money saved by you in hair cuts may be used to purchase stock in the ‘ Big Four ’ road, and thereby make you a side partner.” Nye’s answer was as follows : ” My Dear Mr. McCormick : I am quite liable to call on you for something in the way of introduction to your con¬ ductors in case I go to Chicago. Quite a number of the leading roads have sent me what they call an annual for myself and wife, as I find them of great service, but, of course, this may not be the custom of the ‘ Big Four ’ road. In any event, I shall be glad to count mySelf as your friend, and would be only too glad, when work on the farm does not prevent it, to watch a bridge or protect a roundhouse, armed to the teeth, and would cheerfully guard a dividend all night in case it should be threatened bj' a mob.” The request for the “note of introduction” McCormick acknowledged in this fashion : “ You write like a real nice man, and you draw beauti¬ fully. I think I will learn to like you, and you can’t help Drawn by Frank Garvin. liking me. I spent yesterday at Oakland, near Detroit, on the St. Clair River, and in consideration of your kindly interest in me must advise you that Howard Saxby was there. He claims he taught you all you know, and lectures there tonight — if people will stay. Whether you ever heard of Saxby or not I am not informed, but Eugene Field, Paul Hull, Stanley Waterloo and other members of the Chicago Drawn by Frank Garvin. 74 THE INLAND PRINTER. Press Club are acquainted with him. They have made the offensive statement to Saxby that his chief stock in trade is his slight facial, physical, and, I might say, hirsute resem¬ blance to you. I do not believe that Saxby thinks there is any resemblance so far as mental qualifications are con¬ cerned. In fact, I do not think Saxby thinks at all. Saxby thinks he thinks. Anyway, he is posing as the man who gave you points, and I don’t think it is at all right, and possibl}' you should challenge him to a joint lecture.” With the pass, when it arrived, was inclosed an adver¬ tising contract. This drew from Nye this letter, and from Mr. McCormick the explanation following : “ I have in my syndicate 253 papers through which I make Sabbath remarks. If you insist upon the execution of the contract I shall have to return the transportation, but with kindly feelings, of course, such as I experience most all the time anyway. “ Speaking of Saxby, I think he is one of the vast army of people to whom I am indebted for the serene comfort of being what I am as a lecturer, a throbber and thriller. Yet, privately — do not allow this statement to meet even the eye of your typewriter machine — I cannot at this moment recall Saxby without the use of stimulants. “ I inclose a nice picture of myself, taken a year ago, when I was feeling peculiarly kindly and joyous — not unnaturally so, but just joyous enough.” From Mr. McCormick : ” I did not know that a contract had been inclosed with the transportation, but such is the custom of the genii of the mileage books. In this case the slave failed to discriminate between a common, ordinary, everyday hobo newspaper man and a ‘ throbber and thriller.’ I received the nice picture of yourself, to which you so touchingly refer, and you seem to me, as Debs says, like a man who had a thirst which permeated his system three times over, and which thirst had been satisfied.” — Chicago Record. NOTES AND QUERIES ON ELECTROYPING AND STEREOTYPING. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from electrotypers, stereotypers and others. Individual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Inquiries will receive prompt attention. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. Damage to Type in Stereotyping. — A correspondent in the East writes : “A printer in this city sent me a 650- page book to stereotype and claims I ruined a whole font of type in the stereotyping and wants me to stand it and I object. What I want to know is. Is there any general rule as to whether the stereotyper is responsible for damaged type or not in stereotyping, and whether, in your opinion, a new font of type could be damaged to any extent by the usage referred to above ? I stereotype by the papier-machd process.” Answer. — The question of responsibility in this case is a delicate one and can probably be definitely deter¬ mined only by the courts. There is certainly no general rule which would apply. Printers generally recognize the fact that stereotyping involves heating the type, and that some kinds are liable to be injuriously affected thereby, and most job printers prefer to pay the extra cost of electrotypes rather than take the chance of having their type injured. Probably no stereotyper would guarantee that type would not be injured unless he had previously had experience with the same kind of type, for while there are some kinds which with proper care may be stereotyped a thousand times or more without being appreciably affected, there are others (probably made of softer metal), which are not so durable. Printers who have their forms stereotyped are generally aware of the fact that there is some danger connected with the process, but take their chances rather than pay the extra cost of electrotyping. If, as we believe, this is the general understanding, it would appear that unless guaranteed against damage it would be difficult to collect from the stereotyper provided proper precaution had been observed by him in handling the type. While there is always some chance of injuring type in stereotyping, this danger may be reduced to a minimum by observing due care in preparing the forms. Full information concerning the subject may be found in Chapter III of Partridge’s “ Stereotyping,” which may be procured of The Inland Printer Company ; price, $1.50. Term of Apprenticeship.— F. W. B. wants to know how many years’ apprenticeship are necessary in order to become a first class all-round electrotyper? Answer. — An “all¬ round electrotyper ” we presume to mean a man competent both as a molder and finisher. These two branches of the trade are practically two trades and are evidently so regarded by the Electrotypers’ Union, as their rules provide for a separate apprenticeship. As a natural consequence very few men can be found who pretend to be skilled in both branches. The by-laws of the union provide that an apprentice must serve four years under instruction before he can qualify as a journeyman finisher, and the same rules apply in the molding department. The rules also provide that any and all apprentices must have previously been em¬ ployed at least two years in the foundry. As a matter of fact most boys are obliged to wait much longer than two years for an opportunity to begin their apprenticeship, but under the most favorable conditions six years’ service in the foundry is required before a boy can be admitted to the union as a journeyman, and then he will have learned but one branch of the trade. Should he then desire to learn the other branch, another four years’ apprenticeship would be required. The outlook, therefore, for the boy who wants to learn it all is not cheerful, and naturally very few attempt it. The electrotypers in Chicago who are thoroughly skilled in both molding and finishing can probably be counted on the fingers of one hand. New Book Plate Standard. — The electrotypers of Chicago, at a recent meeting, resolved to adopt small pica (11 points) as a uniform standard for the height of book plates. It has been claimed that there is a lack of uniform¬ ity among the different foundries in the city which results in considerable annoyance to book publishers. Investiga¬ tion brought out the fact that some of the electrotypers have been using pica (12 points) as a standard, others shave their plates to small pica, and still others make their plates a bastard thickness between pica and small pica. As before stated, this lack of uniformity is a source of no little an¬ noyance to the pressmen, and it becomes a positive nuisance when, as sometimes occurs, plates from two or three foun¬ dries are worked in the same book. At the meeting to which reference is made, instances were quoted where plates originally made pica in height had been returned to the electrotyper with the request that they be shaved down to small pica, because another portion of the book had been electrotyped in a foundry using the small pica standard. After a thorough discussion of the subject it was decided by the electrotypers present to adopt small pica as a standard for book plates, and to further assure absolute uniformity, it was proposed to distribute among the electrotypers a number of steel gauges or master pieces of exactly eleven points in thickness. This action on the part of the electrotypers will no doubt be hailed with joy by the book printers and should work to the advantage of all concerned. Newspaper Printing from Half-Tones. — Mr. Charles Neander, stereotyper of the Denver Times, writes us de¬ scribing his method for utilizing half-tones in newspaper printing. It is generally known that the papier-machd THE INLAND PRINTER. 75 process of stereotyping is not well adapted to the reproduc¬ tion of half-tone or fine line engravings for the reason that papier-mach4 is not a plastic molding material in the sense that wax or clay is plastic. No amount of soaking in water or paste will destroy the fiber of the paper or make it suffi¬ ciently formative to take an accurate impression of the minute lines of a half-tone. Moreover, stereotype metal shrinks somewhat in cooling, which has the effect of fur¬ ther obscuring the detail of an engraving. Mr. Neander’s A Recent Poster. plan for overcoming this difficulty is available for news¬ papers employing but one press. It would, of course, be impracticable where duplication of plates is required unless an electrotype of the engraving could be provided for each duplicate plate. Mr. Neander describes his method as follows : “The copper or zinc engraving is first molded in the form in the usual way, and then removed from its base and curved by hand to fit the casting box. I then place on the back of the half-tone strips of soft pine wood at inter¬ vals of about one inch, which occupy a little more than the space between the cover and the copper plate, so that the cover when closed will press the plate into the pocket of the matrix. Then fill the box with metal in the usual way.” The Observer, of Bradford, England, has for over fifteen years employed a somewhat similar, and in some respects superior, method for accomplishing the same purpose. The stereotyper removes the engraving from its block or base before molding the form. After the matrix has been beaten or rolled into the form, the depression in the back of the matrix over the base is filled with strawboard of exactly the same thickness as the etching, which, of course, causes a depression in the cast plate of corresponding depth. After the plate has been cast and finished, the etching is curved and tacked on the plate in the depression formed to receive it. The Observer method is better than the one described by Mr. Neander in the respect that it is safer, inasmuch as there would seem to be danger of injuring the engraving by accidental displacement in the casting box. Another merit which might be claimed for the Observer method is that the etching is not destroyed, but may be removed from the plate after printing, straightened and preserved for future use. Again, if the first plate cast happens to be chilled or imperfect in any way another plate may be made, whereas by Mr. Neander’s method the engraving or etching would be imbedded in the plate and could not well be recast. We understand that several papers in this country make use of one of the above methods, or some modification thereof. We would be glad to hear from anyone who may be able to suggest improvements along this line. PROOFROOM NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY F. HORACE TEALL. It is the purpose in this department to allow for a full and satis¬ factory discussion of every matter pertaining to the proofroom and to proofreading. The contributions, suggestions, and queries of those specially interested are cordially invited hereto, and no effort will be spared to make the answers to queries authoritative and the depart¬ ment in general of permanent value. “Evening” and “Eve.” — C. C. H., Philadelphia, sends a. card with the date-line “Tuesday Eve., February 9, 1897,” and asks: “Will you publish the correction (if any) in date-line of card inclosed? I claim that ‘eve.’ is abbreviated correctly, while another claims that he would be justified in calling this Monday night.” Answer. — • While “eve.” is not the best shortening of “evening,” the period undoubtedly fixes it as an abbreviation, and so there is no justification for misunderstanding the date as meaning Monday night. The line is correct as it stands, but it would be better with “evening” in full, as it could have been with the month abbreviated, or with the contraction “ eve’g.” Quotations. — C. W. D., Jamestown, New York, writes: “ Kindly tell me what authority the Century Magazine has for using the peculiar kind of ‘ quotes ’ noticed in their read¬ ing-matter, while the ordinary ‘ quotes ’ are used in their advertisements. Do you think their appearance is as good as those in common use?” Answer. — It may properly be supposed that the magazine publishers are not bound to have any authority for such practice but their own will. Are there to be no inventors in the world ? No pioneers ? But, as a matter of fact, the outlandish quotation-marks used in the Century are not an invention, being merely the ordinary French marks. I suppose their use was proposed by Mr. De Vinne, who prints the magazine, and adopted by the publishers just as any typographical suggestion from him probably would be. I see no beauty in these marks, and no advantage, economical or otherwise, in their use. But I am at odds in many such matters with those who make such innovations, and would not expect my opinion to have much weight with them. In speaking in this way of inno¬ vations I mean changes for which I can find no reason but a love of novelty. I am very conservative in this way, and many people nowadays are not so. Anyone has a right to make any such change in his own work without what is called authority. The reason for the difference noted must be that it is not thought worth while to have special matrices made for the job-type used in the advertisements, which would be very expensive. Probably the practice was started in the reading-matter with the hope that it would become common, and then the new marks would be used through¬ out ; but this does not seem likely to happen. Questions about Capitalizing. — R. E. B., Altadena, California, writes : “ (1.) Will you please give me a reason why, in such a sentence as ‘ My father, mother, and James went,’ the words father and mother should not be capital¬ ized ? In such a case, when your own father and mother are referred to, and they only, do the words not possess the requirements of a proper noun ? (2.) Another in the same 76 THE INLAND PRINTER. category : Why should not sun, meaning the center of our solar system, be begun with a capital ? Does it not refer to one thing only ? I know that ‘ usage’ will undoubtedly be the answer, but isn't usage — even usage — sometimes in the wrong? (3.) In such sentences as ‘All nature smiles,’ ‘The works of nature are everywhere manifest,’ should not nature be capitalized ? Many writers do not capitalize it, but should it not be, if for no other reason than to distin¬ guish it from ‘human nature,’ ‘forgiving nature,’ or ‘a kindly nature’?” Answer. — (1.) The reason is that the words are common nouns, and do not possess the require¬ ments of a proper noun. Although only one of each is spoken of, the words are still used in the same way that any other common noun is used in when singling out one of a class, as in ‘‘my brother,” ‘‘my pen.” The reasoning that would lead to the use of capitals in such a case would leave no limit to the practice. We may capitalize the words mentioned in our private writing if we choose to do so, but it is much more reasonable to use small letters even there. (2.) ‘‘Usage” seems a very definite word, but often that which it names is indefinite. Many people have a positive feeling in certain matters that what they are accustomed to is prescribed by usage, while others are equally positive that usage favors some other practice. No one can be said to know usage in full. In the matter of our question, how¬ ever, usage is determinate, and it is right. The sun is not a proper name, neither is the earth, the moon, or the solar system, the north pole, the middle ages, or anything else like one of these. ‘‘Sol” is a proper name for the sun, ‘‘Luna” for the moon; but the other kind of names are clearly common nouns. (3.) ‘‘Nature” should be capital¬ ized only when clearly personified. The distinction sug¬ gested is not needed ; context always shows what is meant. Best Books for Proofreaders. — W. M. G., Grand Junction, Michigan, sends something of a poser in the following: ‘‘Will you please publish a short select list of the best reference works (aside from dictionaries) for proof¬ readers, especially works on punctuation, capitalization, and compounding of words? I would like to know your own first choice of authorities on these subjects. In giving list please state where and by whom published, and price. I would also like to have the same information regarding your two books on the compounding of w’ords. Which of the latter is the more comprehensive and useful for a proof¬ reader, if he is to have but the one ? or do they cover widely different grounds ? Have you any published work on punc¬ tuation?” Answer. — The greatest difficulty is that the one of whom the list is requested has no decided first choice of authorities on these subjects, not knowing a book treating any or all of them that does not contain enough absurdity to make him distrustful of everything in them until subjected to the test of reason and personal research. This does not mean that there are no good books, but only that there are no perfect ones. With this understanding, some books may be named as being, in the writer’s opinion, the best. ‘‘ The Vest-Pocket Manual,” published by the Inland Printer Company, price SO cents, is the very best on punctuation, as far as it goes, but its wide range of subjects treated in little space makes it rather better for printers in general than for proofreaders. As merely a reference-book for proofreaders, Bigelow’s ‘‘ Handbook of Punctuation ” is excellent, though not nearly infallible. It is published by Lee & Shepard, Boston, and costs SO cents. Its system is almost identical with that of Wilson’s ‘‘Treatise on Punctuation,” which latter work is the most widely known of its kind, larger than any other, and full of useful examples. Wilson’s book costs more than the others — I do not know just how much, nor who are the present publishers ; it is an old work, but I suppose it is still on the market, and that any bookseller can procure it. It is good for the proofreader to have a book on grammar at hand, and Goold Brown’s ‘‘ Grammar of English Grammars ” is as good as any, and more nearly exhaustive than any other. This, however, is a very large book, and not every proofreader would care to buy it, espe¬ cially as all who are fit to be proofreaders must be pretty well up in grammar. ‘‘ The Verbalist,” by Alfred Ayres, is a useful book dealing with right and wrong uses of words. Mr. Ayres is very sensible on most points, but a special warning against making too much of what he says about “that” and “which” seems necessary. He would hardly have “ which ” used as a relative pronoun at all. His book is published by D. Appleton & Co., and its price is $1.25. As books of other kinds are useful to proofreaders mainly when engaged on special work — as on chemistry, medicine, botany, etc. — it seems hardly necessary to specify any of them here. Every special subject has its own vocabulary, apart from the common language, and it is well for the proofreader to know as much as possible of all of them. This he may do by inquiring of any bookseller for the book or a book containing the fullest list or glossary of words peculiar to the subject, if he cares to do so much studying as this would involve. If our correspondent wishes more particular information as to scientific reference-books, it will be gladly furnished in response to another request. I know of no other books treating of compounding so fully as my own do, and that is why they were made. “ English Compound Words and Phrases,” published by the Funk & Wagnalls Company, 30 Lafayette Place, New York, price $2.50, is a list of forty thousand words, with rules and exemplifications, and is better for mere reference than the other book. It has the appearance of hyphenizing a super¬ abundance of words, but the practice recommended is the only way discoverable to secure real simplification, and the pages of ordinary print would not show nearly as many hyphens if the list is followed as one would suppose from seeing its words all brought together. “The Compounding of English Words,” sold by The Inland Printer Company, for $1.25, is an exhaustive treatise on the principles involved, with much criticism, necessary for showing how its conclu¬ sions were reached. It is a book for study, and a real student will undoubtedly find in it much that he can find nowhere else. I have not yet published a work on punctua¬ tion, but am now preparing one. PRIZE NEWSPAPER EXHIBITION. Prize newspaper exhibitions are the latest feature. The Northwest Missouri Press Association held a prize competi¬ tion not long since on the typography and editorial manage¬ ment of the newspapers in that region. The Maryville Tribune won first prize on typographical excellence. Jen¬ son Old Style is used for its large and small heads, Quentell for the subheads. Considerable ingenuity and artistic skill are used in the arrangement of its first head. The Demo¬ crat-Lever, of Plattsburg, won the second prize. For best specimens of job printing, the first award was given to the Tarkio Avalanche and the Maryville Tribune jointly, and the second award to the Albany Advocate. The Trenton Tribune was adjudged the ablest edited sheet, and the Hop¬ kins Journal the best local paper. The proprietor of the Tarkio Avalanche, Mr. T. T. Wilson, lets out some of the secrets of his success, saying : “ A custom that I have made a rule in the office, and have observed closely, is to have every job of whatever character submitted to me for proof¬ reading and approval. This is done on all occasions, unless special instructions are given to go ahead without such approval. I believe that much of our success has been the result of this painstaking care with the work. Taking an individual job, it is somewhat questionable if it pays to take so much trouble, but on the whole I am satisfied that it does. I find that it pays to use good paper and good ink.” THE INLAND PRINTER. 77 THE PASSING OF THE OLD-TIME PRINTER. I’ve been thinking, dear Al, of the very great change That has come to our old, old trade — Of benefits sought, of sad havoc wrought By fortune, that fickle jade. ’Tis a great revolution and one which we thought Was many long years away; But it’s here at last and what’s more, old pal, I’m afraid it has come to stay. The old time “ print ” is a thing of the past, A tool that is cast aside. An uncouth idea of primitive days Whom up-to-date men may deride. But ah, dear boy, in your mind and mine His memory will ever be dear. For he wore his heart on his ragged old sleeve — It’s my pipe that causes this tear! And a bright look of hope on his face. For the busy click of hand-set type Is heard no more in the place. No more does he sit on the old window sill. His mind kept busy with dreams Of “ strings ” on the “ hook ” — for alas, dear boy. The composing room’s full of machines! Like Othello, his occupation is gone: And on this weary footstool There seems no place for the old-time “ print,” With his “card” and his rusty rule. Out on the corner he takes his stand With a careworn look in his eye; And his gaze ever roves to the office above And he fetches a heartfelt sigh. He wouldn’t take a machine — And .so do Lucas and Billy Lown, The “ Major ” and “ Willie ” Green. The rest? Ah, ask of the summer winds That gently fan your brow. From whence they come and whither they go — That’s where the gang is now. And the past with its measure of sorrow and joy Is gone with its jokes on machines — For we work, dear Al, in the same old room. Full of the past and its scenes — Forever they’re gone; the jig is up For the old-time printer boy, But I pray that God will bless his life And make it full of joy. And when at last his old heart is still And the last weary day is done. When the Foreman above, with a look of love Shall tell him that “ thirty is on,” Ah then, dear Al, may the old-time “ print ” Start in on a long, steady job Of eternal happiness, joy and bliss Is the wish of your old friend. Bob. — Bob Clarke in Printers’ Edition of the Minneapolis Journal. NEW STYLES IN STATIONERY. Fashion has decreed several new shapes in note and let¬ ter paper that printers should make a note of. Geyer's Sta¬ tioner informs us that the latest sizes of both measure one- fourth of an inch more in width than in length. The size used for notes is five and one-fourth inches across, and only five inches up and down. That used for letters is a trifle longer, but of the same shape. The extra width gives the paper rather a “land of the wooden shoe” look, which, however, disappears when it is folded and placed in the long, narrow envelope, with its square-cut flap ; then when your note finally makes its appearance in public it has quite a slender, well-bred air. As for color, delicate tints of bluish tone are the favorites. As to the monogram, it is to be small and dainty, in¬ closed in a circle, or other device, and placed in the center of the sheet, half an inch from the upper edge. If the resi¬ dence address is also desired, the monogram is moved to the left and the address stamped at the right, but rather lower down on the sheet. It is, of course, embossed and then bronzed or otherwise colored, the ground color being laid on by hand. An effective style is to use a “ blue du roi ” paper and silver bronze monogram, or a “ sapphire” colored paper, with the device in Pompeian red and letter¬ ing of silver. For men’s stationery the designs are much bolder and are not inclosed. The paper is more conservative in form. The note size measures six inches in length and four and a half inches in width. It will readily be seen that envelopes for this paper will be nearer square in shape, as it is allow¬ able to fold paper but once. They have either a square flap or one very sharply pointed. The envelopes in all cases remain unstamped with the monogram, although the resi¬ dence address may appear thereon without seriously com¬ promising you. For visiting cards the latest text used is the Roman ; in shape they remain unchanged. London Association of Correctors of the Press. — The feature of the March meeting of this society was an address on “The Limits of the Reader’s Function,” by Lewis Sergeant, Esq., B. A. Deep sorrow was expressed on the announcement of the death, February 5, of the Rev. Francis Jacox, who had established a number of pension endowments, for readers and compositors, to the amount of about $30,000. A sum of upward of $3,000 was also given by this gentleman to endow two houses in the Printer’s Almshouses, besides a liberal contribution to the fund for establishing the First Readers’ Pension. The annual din¬ ner of the society took place March 6, Lord Glenesk presid¬ ing. The annual report of the society shows a membership of over four hundred. The average age of the members who have died since the institution of the death allowance is 54.7 years, with a membership of 13.8 years. 78 THE INLAND PRINTER. The Border used in this Panel is Combination Border Series gS, Third Section. Price, ^.oo per fom 60 Point Bradley. 3 A 5 a $8 50 no Printing Office should be without Bradley, this is a popular type style. 60 Point 3blenburo. Allies nuhliche fUr Dnidter ?u haben iu unlem filialeu. The Border used in this Panel is Combination Border Series gS, First Section. Price, $b oo Per fm Originated by Jlmerican Cype ?ounder$ €o. ««for Sale at all it$ Branches THE INLAND PRINTER. 79 MCCILLAGH SERIES Where Lie Those happier Times OIR GUARDIAN OF TRUTH CHARMING COMPANIONSHIP Thai 01 the Man without Pretensions to Oppressive Greatness LITERARY MARTYRS The World Knows Nolhing 01 Its Greatest Minds 20A2aa :iO Point $2.75 THE BREVITY OE IIEE. Swill as ihe arrow culs ils way Through Ihe soil yielding air ; or as Ihe sun’s more sublie ray. Or lighlning’s sudden glarej; or as an eagle lo Ihe prey. or shullle ihrough ihe loom— so hasie our Heeling lives away So pass we lo ihe lomb. $3.00 IMMORTALITY. Beyond this vale ot tears. There is a life above. Unmeasured by the Iliyht ot years: And all that life is iove. Here would we end our guest: Alone are lound in Thee The lite ot pertect love— the rest ot immortality. Graid Arny oi icncrs Moderh Language KOVAL MEMBER GRAND RACE Dean all Ecitcrs Doth linMM MOTIVE POWER Of UEE 60 Point and 72 Point Sizes in Preparation. Manulaclured by Ihe AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS* CO. Branches in Eighieen Cilies. 80 THE INLAND PRINTER. CONDENSED STIIDLEY |€4€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€^€€€€€€«€€€€€€€€€ FINER location Notice of REMOVAL From OLIVE to PINE Street REYIEYIBER new address 217-219 Thoughtful Printers DEMAND BEADTIFIL CONDENSED SERIES cast on Standard Eine System First Display of this Novel Face SHOWS THE COMPLETE SERIES COMPLETE STANDARD LINE TYPE OUTFITS now possible for every printing office We have in Casting Standard Line Type Faces REACHED THE PINNACLE OF PERFECTION OIR NEW QUARTERS ON PINE STREET ENABLE l)S TO more fully display every variety of Printers’ Supplies Forget not this Reiterated Statement that we manufacture exciusively STANDARD LiNE TYPE AND GUARANTEE SATiSFACTiON TO AIL PRiNTERS Originated and Cast only by STANDARD LINE TYPE INLAND TYPE FOUNDRY I /s 217-219 Pine Street ST. LOUIS, MO. | 6-Point Border No. 684 Fonts 36 inches, each, $1.50 ^//te/^eJa'2yeno/Yy r/y ^'fUK ^/n S(/wi»'S\ '^/a/'^-, yecre/an/ sdy^^ny ^/ifef’/i/ ■4/4 y^af/mon' .S^/ifemiy PLATE SCRIFl'. 4Point, gAaoa $50 8 Point, 9A 25a 60 ^ra^„c/y4foMeS' /^7Sd/.eyy9’/..3MA 23//^,4aJoy44e4.J''ew'^i 5f>92a/e/ y/itf. , 9^ai3ra. y^y^/yte ^se'' 9^/a7i^''9^oo/'JiZim?/^Z/im?^^iZH?zZey'^z^ifji^^^^ t^zy'ffZ/Zfzzz (izz (Zyo?^'Z/z ^'iz^'ZZ'^/ffie'.^y/^zZ. €74 ' Z/zfi/ ‘'^ZZ^Zr^Z. ^Z yy yy iMuZm&ZZe/ZZy ZZi 4 Zi to know about the Economy wrapper paster, prices $4, S4.S0 and $5, which everybody ^ vvho wraps papers or books wants, be- cause it saves time, saves space and saves J ‘‘muss.” We want the listener to know that the Horton mailer is the best of all — in speed, handi¬ ness and reliability. The price is S20 net, and it is cheap at that. Burbank’s embossing compound, price 75 cents, and Lawlor’s ‘‘ Embossing Made Easy,” $1, are the best investments that anyone who does embossing can make. The cuts used in this paragraph are from our Speaker and Listener se¬ ries, $1.50 per font each. A font contains ten characters. The two series work well together. Order everything for the printer from the nearest branch of The American Type Pounders’ Company. Send for circulars and specimens. SECONDHAND MACHINERY. The attention of the trade is directed to the advertise¬ ment of the Bronson Printers’ Machinery and Warehouse Company, on page 102. The list contains a number of special bargains in presses that have been overhauled and are guaranteed as good as new. Attention is particularly directed to the Johnson Steel Die Power Stamper. This is a special machine for printers doing die work, and will be found a great labor-saver and money-maker. It is worth investigating. THE "NEW DEPARTURE” CASE. The Hamilton Manufacturing Company, of Two Rivers, Wisconsin, makers, of ‘‘new departure” type cases, wish to impress especially upon the makers, users and dealers in type cases that they are liable to prosecution if they handle any other case which infringes upon their patent. Notice concerning this appears upon page 31 of this issue. We are informed that the ‘‘new departure” cases have proven highly satisfactory and are everywhere acknowledged much superior to anything ever before produced in this line. The THE INLAND PRINTER. 99 case has been received with great satisfaction by printers in this country and its merits have been heralded abroad. In consequence of this the company has been shipping large quantities to all the South American countries, to England, Australia and Africa. The patent on this case is a valuable one and the company proposes to protect it to the fullest extent. An examination of the cut in the advertisement will show clearly its construction and advantages. WHITESON’S EMBOSSING COMPOSITION. The embossing composition made by I. Whiteson, 298 Dearborn street, Chicago, is giving the best of satisfaction wherever introduced. Mr. Whiteson has recently made arrangements with all of the leading type founders and printers’ supply houses to furnish this composition, and printers everywhere can obtain it through these agencies, or by sending orders direct to the manufacturer. A number of Chicago printers are using the composition, and consider it one of the best made. Such firms as W. B. Conkey Com¬ pany, R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company, and others, are using it to the exclusion of other makes. This composition requires but from three to five minutes to harden, and a form can be made ready for embossing in a very short time. The same material can be used over and over again, so that there is very little waste, and a cake costing $1 can be used for quite a while. skilled workman himself, has trained assistants which enables him to guarantee satisfaction in the different lines of engraving which he handles. The collection of proofs referred to is neatly bound with silk cord and inclosed in two-color cover of tasty design. WANT ADVERTISEMENTS. We will receive want advertisements for The Inland Printer at a price of 25 cents per line for the “Situations Wanted” department or 40 cents per line under any of the other headings. Ten words counted to the line. Price invariably the same whether one or more insertions are taken, and cash to accompany the order. The magazine is issued promptly on the 1st of each month, and no want advertisements for any issue can be received later than the 23d of the month preceding. Answers can be sent in our care, if desired. All letters received will be promptly forwarded to parties for whom intended without extra charge. No advertisement of less than two lines accepted. BOOKS. A BOOK FOR PRINTERS — “The Practical Printer,” 200 pages, $1; also five other books; sold by all type founders ; write for circulars. H. G. BISHOP, Oneonta, N. Y. EMBOSSING FROM ZINC PLATES, by J. L. Melton, a ^ concise treatise of 12 pages on embossing on platen presses. We have a few copies of this pamphlet which we will send postpaid on receipt of 10 cents. Former price $1. THE INLAND PRINTER CO., 212-214 Monroe street, Chicago. “ PUBLISHING FOR PROFIT” has illustrated plans and * diagrams, and full practical working instructions for arranging every department of a newspaper composing room. Worth $50 to any publisher ; costs 50 cents. DEARING, American Type Founders’ Co., Portland, Ore. FOR SALE. AMERICA VERSUS ENGLAND. Notwithstanding the general American belief that the British Government is slow of action and conservative in the adoption of new inventions, it is curious to note that the linotype machine has been recently adopted in England for the publication of the British Parliamentary debates, and that these debates are now published from linotype faces, while in America the Congressional debates are printed from hand-set type. Following is the list of lin- CEVERAL (rebuilt) platen presses cheap for cash. 100 pounds new 9-point, and lot cases. CARR, Cleveland, Ohio. ETCHING PLANT FOR SALE — All standard machin- E ery, including routing machine, saw and trimmer, proofing press, ruling machine, jig saw and drill, camera box, etc. ; in first-class condition. “ Q 29,” Inland Printer. ~ EOR SALE — Johnston Steel Die Power Stamper, with ^ wipers, chest and two fountains, for less than half cost. “ Q 14,” Inland Printer. EOR SALE — One Emmerich & Vonderlehr Bronzing Ma- ^ chine for cards and photo-mounts; one-third original price. B. W. . HELP WANTED. U/ANTED — Foreman for bindery doing county and ba SITUATIONS WANTED. id man ; neat, artistic ; capable MEWSPAPI PRACTICAL PHOTO-ENGRAVER who has perfected a PRESSMAN — A first-class cylinder and platen pressm^ 100 THE INLAND PRINTER. SITUATIONS WANTED. PRESSMAN — U CITUATION WANTED — By a fir ^ and all-round printer. “Q 20,” Inland WANTED TO PURCHAS gITUATION RED — By two experienced linotype I WANT TO BUY a good newspaper office in some eastern CITUATION ^ o Young man (Sim "a^d ANTED — In \X/ ANTED — Two Smythe sewers, new model, in good or- CITUATION WANTED — Young commercial designer w ,ere! “ Q IV’ Inland Printer.’ ^ ^ A GOOD THING ! sisi-' miscellaneous^ U/HO WANTS A PRESSMAN who is sober and steady; Sold PHALK ENGRAVING PLATES — We make the “ Bell ” _ =, pHALK PLATES RECOATED, >4 cent £ some capital, for circular. BYRON POPE & CjO., Cleveland, _01 AN UP-TO-DATE printer of experience, with some capital, lor circular, b y ron pope & cu., cievejana.jjmo. ^ sssissBSiii AKING me: pOR SALE — Job printing office, very complete; several 192, Lincoln, Neb. _ _ ^;SHiElir«asj;iArea5 COR SALE — Leading daily newspaper and job printing mm^lFoux atv^ne ^ slndFd'SfronS- "nFId' rea£|o3^;"ca!r?ec%^ts PHOTO-ENGRAVING — Will n THE INLAND PRINTER. 101 ENGRAVERS’ CHARCOAL. WE wish to call the attention of photo-engravers to the very superior quality of our charcoal. We manufacture two kinds— extra polishing and extra selected cutting coal. Our extra polishing willow coal, for smoothing and finishing, is as near a perfect engraver’s charcoal as can be made. Our selected cutting coal is of particularly fine grain, cuts very rapidly and does not scratch. Try our coal. You will find it superior to any you have used. AMERICAN STEEL & COPPER PLATE CO., 150 Nassau Street, New York, manufacturers of Steel, Copper and Zinc Plates for Etch¬ ing and Engraving. Photographers’ supplies. CHARLES L. STURTEVANT, ATTORNEY AT LAW. United States and Foreign Patents, Trade-Marks and Copyrights, Searches, Investigations and Litigation. Patent business exclush>ely . Offices: ATLANTIC BLDG. WASHINGTON, D. C. ST. LOUIS Photo-Engraving® (t)R.4™&PrNESTS. SXLOUIS.A? DIXON’S DIXON’S belt dressing.. ..WHICH PREVENTS ^ SLIPPING AND PRESERVES THE LEATHER, two Indispensable Articles for Printers and Publishers, Send for Circulars. JOS, DIXON CRUCIBLE CO., Jersey City, N, J. THE BACKUS QAioL?NE ENGINES. CHICAGO WATER MOTOR AND FAN CO., '75=177 Lake Street, CHICAGO, ILL. Will it pay you to use Booklets ? He will tell you when, how and where to use booklets; what they should contain and how much they should cost. If he thinks booklets would not do you any good, it will save you a good deal of money to know it ; and if you do use booklets, it will save you as much to know just what kind will give you results. It will cost you 15 00 to have Lewis prepare an eight-page booklet for you. He is General Manager, The Advertisers’ Agency, Philadelphia and Buffalo. Ho Wo IIC®®ining! miustratlnfl, 2)C9i9nlng, jEngraving anO JElcctrotBping. Send 25 cents for 160-page Catalogue of Stock Engravings. This amount will be credited on your first order amounting to $1.00 or over. r22 Courtlandt Ave., NEW YORK CITY. LOCK BOX 2374. JAPANESE PRINTING AND COPYING PAPERS, JAPANESE PAPER NAPKINS. CHINESE PRINTING AND COLORED PAPERS, Gold, Red, Etc. Samples ow application. LIONEL MOSES, importer, 25-27 South William Street, New York. Smashed. Frouty Electro-Gasoline Engine. Four sizes built especially for printing offices. Good as Gold— Cheap as Dirt. H.P. Weight. Floor Space. Speed. New Price. (Old Price) 3. ..... . 900 . 20x30 . 375 . $165 . ($350) 4 . ..1,000 . 20x30 . 350 . $190 . ($425) 5 . 1,100 . 24 X 32 . 325 . $215 . ($500) 6 . 1,200 . 24 X 32 . 300 . $240 . ($575) THE PROUTY GO., 79 Dearborn Street, CflIGflGO. Gasoline Engines The Most Reliable and Cheapest for Printers. No Engineer; no attention required. Catalogue free. THE VAN DUZEN GASOLINE ENGINE CO., Cincinnati, Ohio. Write and hear what parties using them have to say. Order per your Advertising Agent, Type Foundry, or direct from manufac¬ turers. Millar Bros. 17 9 Clark St. Chicago, 111. Embossing • DONE ON GORDON, PLATEN OR CYLINDER PRESSES. For Counter (or Male) Dies use WHITESON’S EMBOSSING COMPOSITION $1.00 PER CAKE. Can be remelted and used any number of times. Mannfacinred by /. WHITESON, 298 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL. FOR SALE AT ALL PRINTERS’ SUPPLY HOUSES. Agents wanted everywhere. Send for Circulars. 102 THE INLAND PRINTER. BARGAINS in Secondhand PRESSES WE ADVERTISE ONLY STOCK IN OUR WAREROOM. 150.. 42x60 Campbell Two -Revolution, four-roller, table distribution, job and book . 151.. 41x56 Campbell Two -Revolution, four -roller, table distribution, job and book . 152.. 41x56 Campbell Two -Revolution, four-roller, table distribution, job and book . 148.. 37x52 Hoe Two-Revolution, four-roller, table distribution . 139. .38 X 54 Taylor Three-Revolution, air springs, tape delivery . 120.. 34 x 52 Cottrell & Babcock Drum Cylinder, air | springs, tape delivery, two-roller, rack and screw, j. 153.. 35 x51 Hoe Drum Cylinder, four-roller, table I distribution, wire springs and tape delivery... 143.. 33x46 Cottrell & Babcock Drum, air springs, i tapeless delivery, two-roller . I 101. .32x 46 Six-column Quarto Hoe Drum, two-roller, wire springs, tape delivery . j 123.. 24x30 Cottrell & Babcock Drum Cylinder, air springs, tapeless delivery . 131.. 24x29 Hoe Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape delivery, rack and screw . 130. .17x24 Potter Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape¬ less delivery . 132. .23x28 Taylor Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape delivery . 126. .16x23 Cottrell & Babcock Pony Drum Cylinder, air springs, tapeless delivery, rack and screw. . . . 127.. 17x21 Cincinnati Pony Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape delivery, rack and screw . • 149. .16 x21 Hoe Pony Drum Cylinder, tapeless deliv¬ ery, wire springs, rack and screw distribution. . . MISCELLANY. Special. — Johnston Steel Die Power Stamper, auto¬ matic feed and wiper, with patent ink-saving attachment. Good as new. 134.. Brown Combination Folding Machine, taking sheet 32 x 48, 2, 3 or 4 fold, with insert or cover, four pasters and three trimmers . 109. .Seven-column Quarto Kendall Folding Machine, with paster and trimmer . 142. .Two H. P. Sprague Electric Motor, 110 voltage. . 154. .25-inch Challenge Lever Paper Cutter . PULL LINE OF NEW O. S. GORDON PRESSES AT MANUFACTURERS’ PRICES. Should you be la need of anything not listed here, write us, for our stock is constantly changing and increasing. We are doing business for your benefit as well as for our own. Favor us and get fair, honest and money=saviag treatment. Our storeroom is ample for display of machinery. AH of our secondhand machinery is thoroughiy and carefuliy rebuilt and fully guaranteed. Telephone, Main 3726. Bronson Printers’ Machinery and Warehouse Co. H. BRONSON, President and Gen’l Manager. 48 AND 50 NORTH CLINTON STREET, CHICAGO. Modern Methods DEMAND ^ Modern Machines. o<>oo<>oooo<>o-ck>o^^ |E here illustrate our new Rotary Edger. This machine is designed to take the place of Trimmer and Shoot-Board in finishing blocks, particu¬ larly for half-tone and color work where perfect accuracy is absolutely essential. CKK><><>OCK>00<>00<><><>0<>0<>0<)-0<><>OCK>0<)<)-^^ WE ALSO BUILD Routers, Saws, Revelers, Shoot-Boards, Faciug Lathes, Etc. <>0<><><>0<><>0CK><><>00000^^ London Agent: P. LAWRENCE, 63 Farringdon Road, E. C, John Royle & Sons, Write for particulars. PATERSON, N. J. THE INLAND PRINTER. 103 DolouWanlaBaigalii? 1 Sell Lower than any other house. COMPARE THESE PRICES! Hoe Houble Cylinder, box frame, all modern improvements, will take 7-column, 8-pag-e, . . !S1,3.W Hoe Houble Cylinder, box frame, all modern improvements, ■ take 8-col., 8-p., with two Dexter Folders (new style) attached, 1,G50 Hoe Tliree-Kevolution, bed 36x54, . 775 Hoe Hrum Cylinder, bed 36 x 54, tapeless delivery, three rollers, 550 Hoe Pony Drum, bed 21x23, . 300 Hoe Brniu Cylinder, bed 23 x 28, . 335 Cottrell dt Babcoek Two-Revolution, bed 42x56, 4-roller, cylinder trip, . . 1,000 Campbell Country Cylinder, take 6-column, 8-pag-e, . . 335 Campbell “ Complete,” tapeless delivery, take 6-col., 8-page, 390 Cottrell & Babcoek Hrum Cylinder, bed 33 x 46, four- roller, tapeless delivery, air springs, . 600 Campbell Oscillator, bed 33 x 46, four rollers, table distribution, 390 Campbell Two-Revolution, bed 38x56, four rollers, . . . 1,050 6- Column, 8-Page Cylinder Press, . 400 9- Column Polio Cylinder Press, . 375 8-Colunin, 8-page Stonemetz Polder, for periodical or newspaper, . 5.50 7- Column, 8-Page Hexter Polder, . 350 7-Column, 8-Page Stonemetz Polder, . 340 6-Column, 8-Page stonemetz Polder, . 310 Half Hedium Pniversal, P. S., . 310 10x15 Baltimore J obber, with impression throw-off, fast and loose pulley, . 95 8 X 13 Oordon, with impression throw-off and S. F., .... 85 7 X 11 Pearl Press, . 60 lO X 15 Cordon, . IIO 8 X 13 Colding Jobber, . 85 30-inck Pever Cutter, . 85 30-incb Cever Cutter, . 75 33-lncU SUeridan Cutter, steam power and hand, .... 150 Washington Hand Presses, all sizes. If you do not see what you want, please write RICHARD PRESTON, 149 Congress St., 146 Tranklin St., BOSTON, MASS. ANTHONY’S Patent Line Screen Holder. No Kits. No Trouble. Holds any size of Plate and Screen. Distance between plate and screen adjustable. Send for Descrip¬ tive List. RICHARDS’ CROSS=UNE SCREENS. Unsurpassed for opacity and sharpness of lines and transparency of spaces. See illustrations in Anthony’s Photographic Bulletin, price 25c. The International Annual and American Process Year Book, Articles by Austin, Binner, Horgan, Gamble, Isawa, Pickering, Talbot, Shaylor, etc. Price 75c., postage 15c. E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO., S9i Broadway, New York. Anderson’s Photo=MechanicaI Processes and Guide to Color Work. A complete guide to the photo-reproduction processes, three-color work, ’ etc. Illustrated with three-color print, color chart and many half-tones. Price $5. For sale by E. & H.T, ANTHONY & CO., 591 Broadway, New York, ISS" New England Agent for Dexter Folding Machines. AND THE INLAND PRINTER CO., 214 Monroe St., Chicago. OV MM FOR THE . uijennQtt^^ ^ composing ^ / (? 99 PRESS ROOMS. JLabor oavers ©o® SHOULD INTEREST EVERY PRACTICAL BUYER OF MATERIAL. EVERY PROGRESSIVE PRINTER IS AN INVENTOR I HE DREAMS, REFLECTS AND PLANS. IT'S THE JAUNTY ''SNAP-SHOT” MAN That reads the signs of the times/^ adopts new ways and means and succeeds while his competitors sleep— 1897 is the new dispensation and our goods are part and parcel of it. ROCKFORD FOLDER CO., Rockford, III. MAKERS. 104 THE INLAND PRINTER. I70WEK W ^ OR ^ IT 1. ' I 1 ^ Q^SOLINE. ® Everywhere. TI16 otto Ga§ Engine OF TODAY, IS THE RESULT OF OVER TWENTY-FIVE YEARS’ NO BOILER, NO STEAM, NO COAL, NO ASHES, NO GAUGES, NO ENGINEER, NO DANGER. Oven 4S,000 sizes: 1 TO 2 in U€ A.0LMESDAKL.^ Ncw Cbatiipioii pKss Co. IVo. 41 Centre J , JNTew Yorh. THE OTTO GAS ENGINE WORKS, (INCORPORATED) Inut Sts., No. 245 Lake Street, THE INLAND PRINTER. 105 Settled by Gravity, The whole pfoblem of perfect cutting of leads and rule is simply solved in Cbe Cbandkr ^ Price Ccad and Rule Cutter. The inclined bed does it. Leads and rule settle by gravity, insuring a true and accurate cut even by a careless oper¬ ator. This cutter is a radical improvement over others on the market. The guide is accurately graduated to twelve (12) points and numbered opposite every fifth slot in its length. The gauge is made reversible, for cutting leads longer than the bed, is fitted with a latch to engage the slots in the guide and is clamped by a thumbscrew. In cutting odd lengths the latch is raised up and the gauge set accordingly. Examine the Chandler & Price before placing order for a lead and rule cutter. Ko. i-Eauges u Iqclies, from o to 85 ems-price, S8.00 - (S)®® - Jha^SksiTo ]f€nin!iio €wfiS@iro Cbe €bandler St Price Paper Cutter Is built from new and original designs according to the best practice of modern machine builders. No pains are spared in its construction to insure accuracy in every detail. It has ample metal, properly distributed to with¬ stand the greatest strain to which it need be subjected. It is not complicated by the use of gears or springs. The knife-bar is controlled by a link motion and perfectly counterbalanced. The cutter has the interlocking back gauge and clamp, and will clamp as narrow as one-half inch. The back gauge extends to within one inch of the side gauge, and is divided and adjustable for squar¬ ing small work. The fingers on the clamp are made with a wide surface to avoid creasing stock. All gauges are perfectly squared with the knife. The screws for the clamp and gauge are made very coarse and quick¬ acting. With the special tools and care employed in building these cutters all parts are strictly interchange¬ able, and, as each part is numbered, replacements can be made by ordering from the dealers or the Chandler & Price Co. by number, and the services of a machinist will not be required. 86-incii, $130; 30-incfi, $175 -f.o.o. Cleveland. by the CHANDLER & PRICE COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio. FOR SALE BY DEALERS ONLY. ORDER OF YOUR TYPE FOUNDRY OR SUPPLY HOUSE. Both the above Cutters are built of the best material only and fully g-uaranteed, as are all presses and machinery made by the Chandler & Price Company. 106 THE INLAND PRINTER. LATHAM MACHINERY CO. ■wmBiawRiiii MONITOR WIRE STITCHER. 5 SIZES. 0— 'X to VA inches. I No. 1^— Single sheet to 1— Single sheet to % inch. | “ 2 — “ “ H . 3— Single sheet to A inch LATHAM PERFORATING MACHINE. ROUND-HOLE PERFORATOR. 28-inch, steam-power, . . $175 I 24-inch, steam-power, . . $150 28-inch, foot-power, . . 125 | 24-inch, foot-power, . . 100 STOP — Put a STITCH in your Bank account and STOP PERFORATING it by buying machinery built on the wrong principles. STOP your large repair bills. Get machinery that will do your work, and wear. In fact, get up-to-date machinery built by the Latham Machinery Co. ^ ^ ^ ^ We build nearly everything that a bookbinder or printer uses. Send for detailed circulars and references, and be convinced. MANUFACTURERS OF Catbam monitor Otire Stitcher. Catbnm Perforating machine. Catham Rival Power Paper gutter. Eatham Rival Cever Paper (Gutter. Catham numbering and Paging machine. Catham Power Embossing machine. Catham Cever Embossing machine. Catham Cable Shears. Catham 3ob Backer. Catham Stabbing machine. Catham Roller Backer. Catham Standing Presses. Catham Tndex and Punching machine. Catham Round C^orner Clutter. And all other Machinery for Printers and Book¬ binders. ^ ^ ^ These machines are all of modern construction and have no superiors in the market. LATHAM MACHINERY CO. Printers’ and Bookbinders’ macbinery, 1 95-201 SOUTH CANAL STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. Send for BARGAIN LIST of Rebuilt Cylinder and Job Presses and other machinery. ^ ^ ^ THE INLAND PRINTER. A Step in j4dvance— ^ That practical Printers appreciate— J \ Is the True Measure of Merit. The Builders of . The New Huber Press _ BASE THEIR CLAIM TO SUPERIORITY UPON THE INDORSEMENTS OF THE LARGEST AND MOST SUC¬ CESSFUL PRINTERS. That their principle of Bed Motion — Crank Movement, doing away with all cam gears, springs, centers and running without jolt or jar— is the correct principle to give long life, simplicity and durability, and the best features that good pressmen understand. ^ ^ ^ ^ Do not be misled by noisy claims— examine the Huber— its COHStrUCtlOIl, its material, its record. Ask your suc¬ cessful neighbor why he continues to buy the Huber, and he will tell you : 4 BECAUSE it gives all the speed he can use. BECAUSE it never needs repairs. BECAUSE it gives better work, better distribution, better impression, better register. BECAUSE its builders have never sold a poor machine. WE ASK YOU TO INVESTIGATE THE HUBER. Van Allens & Boughton, Western Office: 256 Dearborn Street, Chicago. H. W. THORNTON, Manager. 59 Ann Street, 17 to 23 Rose Street, New York. 108 THE INLAND PRINTER. SPECIAL ? PRINTING ^ MACHINERY. Meisel's new Rotary Perfecting Press, for fine Half-tone print¬ ing* at 3,000 to 5,000 per hour; one color on each side, or from one to- five colors on one side, and one or two on reverse side. ROTARY WRAPPING PAPER PRESS This outfit prints and delivers rewound and slit into rolls of any width, or into sheets, from rolls any width up to 48 inches. BED AND PLATEN SELF FEEDING PRESS, No. 1 BED AND PLATEN SEL^ FEEDING PRESS, No. 3 Prints a form any size up to J3 x inches; takes paper any width up to inches, and is adjustable by eighths of inches to cut sheets up to 30 inches long. By dividing fountain several colors can PRINTING, CUTTING AND SCORING Designed especially for Folding Paper Box Makers; will do the work automatically of four ordi¬ nary presses now in general use ; built in several sizes. ROLL SLITTING AND REWINDING MACHINE For slitting and rewinding all grades of paper material, into rolls of varying width and diameter, from the thinnest tissue to irdinary work, at capacity of board. Different kinds of machines Always ready for any kind of a job. jnaterial and class of work. SPECIAL ROTARY PRESS Prints both sides of web and rewinds. Size, 30x30. Any Handiest combination machine size built to order. Attachment 1°" ^^d curved elec- to cut printed web into sheets stereotype plates. Built , „ r , , , . , to fit any diameter of prmtmg of fixed sizes may be added. cylinder The Double Quarto and Quarto are built on the same principle; also Double Quarto and Quarto printing on both sides. At¬ tachments fitted to either for- slitting, per¬ forating, numbering, bronzing, etc. . PONY CYLINDER PRESS Simplest machine on the market, combin ing all the latest improved features, witi fewest parts. Will do finest grade of prir If you are looking for Printing Machinery for some specialty r ’write to us, THE KIDDER PRESS MANUFACTURING CO., 26-34 Norfolk Ave., BOSTON, MASS. THE INLAND PRINTER. 109 Cdbat more can we say, "Cban to you we have said, "Cbat Queen City Inks Hre still at tbe bead. ...Our... H. D* Book and Half-Tone Inks are Goody BETTERy BEST. WE carefully guard the interests of our patrons by sending ^ them the best goods made in our line. ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Home Office Cincinnati, Ohio* ’branch,,, 347 ^Dearborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL, We respectfully solicit your orders. 1-9 110 THE INLAND PRINTER. 7^3 SanfomSt. Philadelphia DESIGNING ENGRAVING by all Methods HALF-TONE ZINC LINE WORK THREE COLOR PROCESS. Send for Specimens and Eftimatcs. — - , — A full line of Interesting Art Subjects suited for Calendars^ Frontisplates^ etc., etc., held in stock. Send for specimens. THE INLAND PRINTER. Ill CONOMIC AUTOMATIC PAPER-FEEDING MACHINE.st Over 800 in . successful operation on Cylinder Printing Presses, Folding Machines, Ruling Machines, Calendering Machines, etc. AN he attached to any Cylinder Press, Marginal Folding Machine or Ruling Machine. Adjustments simple, and quickly made. Adapted to small as well as large runs. Press Feeders constructed to carry a load of 5,000 to 18,000 sheets, according to weight of paper. Tape frame of Feeder can be lifted in one minute and press fed by hand if desired. Increases production from J 5 to 30 per cent, insures absolutely perfect register, and saves labor and wastage. Wc can show some of the largest printing and binding establishments completely equipped with the Economic Feeders. It will pay you to investigate. o!?o#o!?o!?o!?o#o# Write to the Sole Agents. E. C. FULLER & CO. CHICAGO OFFICES 279 Dearborn Street. 28 Readc Street, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS’ AGENTS $mytb Book Sowing machines, Smyth 0a$e making machines, economic Paper-feeding machines, IChamhers folding machines, €hristie Beoeling machines, Jlcme and other Cutting machines, eiliott thread Stitching machines. Universal mire Stitching machines, eilis Roller Backer, Peerless Rotary Perforators, MACHINES FOR BOOKBINDERS AND PRINTERS. Duplicate Parts for Machines, Tape, Wire, Thread, Oil, etc. COMPLETE OUTFITS. 112 THE INLAND PRINTER. LINEN LEDGER AND RECORD PAPER The Fairfield Paper Co., Fairfield, Mass., are how manufacturing and offering to the trade their well-known First Quality Linen Ledger, watermarked FAHIKIFHIELIID PaPIEM (D® PAHIRIFnrErLID) nsw LHHIEN LlEUDffilEIK MaSSJUoSA. The blank book and paper trade who are looking for a Ledger which will give their customers absolute satisfaction, will find this Fairfield Linen Ledger just the paper they are looking for. Its strength, color and erasive quali¬ ties are unexcelled. For those who are looking for a Ledger not quite the best, but still better than most manufactured, the W®iE®N®(D(D) Lunieh ILiEiiDcffiisiE ns®? is offered. It is of good color, strong, and with a superior writing surface. For a second quality Ledger this brand is unsurpassed. We solicit your Orders. FAlRFIEjr^D PAPFR CO., Fairfield, Mass. THE INLAND PRINTER. 113 Keith Paper Company TURNER'S FALLS, MASS. KEITH LEDGER PAPERS rewrite without difficulty, and have been given the preference by good judges in competitive tests with all other leading brands of Ledger papers. R A VFI QTflNP I^'ats are made in Laid and Wove, White and Perfection Tints, and are used by Lithographers, Stationers and Printers for first-class Commercial Stationery for Banks, Insurance Offices and Business Houses generally. These papers are also put up ruled and folded, in usual sizes. WPQTI f\rV Flats are well known and highly prized for their good VY Do 1 DUDIV color, cleanliness, freedom from imperfections and all adulterants, strength, hard sizing, and are used for all kinds of commercial work, being especially preferred by makers of Blank Books, because they are thicker for the weight than other papers. These papers are put up folded, and in Note, Letter and Bill Heads, etc. The above Papers are offered to the Trade through Agents located in the principal centers of distribution throughout the Country. The Battle Still On But the point of attack varies. The Sterlings go without saying at present. Now Notice Our Superfine and Extra No. /, Pasted Bristols, Mill Bristol Board , Wedding Folios. Novelties in Finish. Water Color, Egg Shell, Crepe, Momie Cloth. If you want the Newest Wrinkle, send to us for sam¬ ples. If you want something that no one else makes, we can do it for you. lUortby Paper Company, Mittineague, Mass. 114 THE INLAND PRINTER. James White & Co. PAPER DEALERS, 177 Monroe Street, Chicago. “ Ulster Linen ” Cover. “ Fort Dearborn "■ — single | “ Whitefriars ”■ — double S S. & S. C. Colored Book. Rialto ” Coated Book. No. 1 Document Manila. Long; Distance Telephone, Express 672. Enameled Cover. SEND FOR SAMPLES. Orders Filled as Usual. The same quality, the same g-oods, the same careful attention, the same prompt service, the same place of business as formerly. You know w'hat our lines are ; no need to mention them. Brig-htest, most striking- and com¬ plete array of covers in the United States. Send in your orders. Respectfully yours. Book, Cover, Document Manila, Etc. E. S. ROOKS, RECEIVER OP ILLINOIS PAPER COMPANY, 181 Monroe St., CHICAGO. W. C. QILLETT, President. A. T. HODGE, Vice-President and Treasurer. GEORGE D. FORREST, Secretary. Make and Sell Every Kind of USED BY PUBLISHERS AND PRINTERS. PAPER Send fot* Our New Catalogue. CHICAGO PAPER COMPANY, 120 & 122 FRANKLIN ST. CHICAGO. FOR PRINTERS, PUBLISHERS, ADVERTISERS AND LARGE CONSUMERS DIRECT FROM THE MANUFACTURERS. We Manufacture Ledgers, Superfines, Fines, Bonds, Linens, Colored Flats, Bristols, Ruled Stock, Wedding Stock etc., etc. HEADQUARTERS FOR ■ ■ ■ • LOFT.DRIED FLAT WRITINGS, EMBOSSED BOARDS, FANCY PAPERS, RULED HEADINGS, ENVELOPES, WEDDING STOCK, Etc. Leatherette Is waterproof and imitates leather in all grains and colors. For cut=flush covers it has no equal. Send for samples to /l. W. Pope & Co. General Agents, 45 High St, BOSTON. DICK'S SEVENTH MAILER. To SAVE labor and secure speed in addressing', publishers should use R. Dick’s Mailer. With it experts have mailed from 6,000 to 8,586 papers in fifty-seven minutes. For information concerning Mailer, Address Price, $20.25 R. DICK ESTATE, 139 West Tapper St, without Royalty, BUFFALO, N, Y, 3^HEBER WELLS Successor to Vanderburgh, Wells & Co. 157=159 William St., NEW YORK, Printers’ materials THE INLAND PRINTER. 115 for Your Low-priced Jobs a g-ood profit can be assured, satisfying your customers at the same time. Oilkwood Nifis, a very fine looking' paper, water-marked; liked where- ever introduced. Flat, 7c. per lb.; ruled, 8c. per lb. lOO-lb. Colored Bnstols, v.% X28J^, assorted colors, at 70c. per 100 sheets. Sold everywhere at 80c. and upward. 3 -ply Bristol Blanks, 22x28, thick and handy, only $1.20 per 100 sheets. Sold everywhere at from $1.25 to $1.50 per 100. Duplex Ivitbo Blanks, 4-ply, coated both sides, highly finished, at $2.00 per 100 sheets. Cannot be duplicated anywhere at $2.50 per 100. Onion Card and paper Co. 198 CdilUam Street, New 't^ork. ARE ALL OTHER SMALL SIZE CUTTERS ...UtUity For Accurate Work and Length of Service they cant be beat. Fitted with Patent Clamp for Cutting Narrow Strips. They are Guaranteed. For sale by all Dealers and Type Foundries. For circular and detailed infor¬ mation, write to Pavyer Prlntiny piacliiye Works, 600=2=4 S. Broadway, St. Louis, Mo. Two Sizes : No. 1, squares 16 inches. No. 2, “ 18 “ If You Buy Printing Inks, REMEMBER : That they are made of Colors and Varnishes. That it costs money to sell, pack and ship Colors. That it costs money to sell, pack and ship Varnishes. You Can Save These expenses of the color-maker, These expenses of the varnish-maker, and The profits of the two makers By Buying J. M. HUBER’S Inks, For he makes at his works all Dry and Pulp Colors, Varnishes and the best Printing Inks that are made, from start to finish. Try Them ! (239 Front Street, NEW YORK. Offices : 424 Library Street, PHILADELPHIA. ( 337=339 Dearborn Street, CHICAQO. Wood Type ..AND.. PRINTERS’ MATERIAL. Patent Steel Furniture A GREAT LABOR SAVER. WE HAVE BUT ONE STANDARD — Ti/A BEST. MORGANS=WILCOX CO. MIDDLETOWN, N. Y. We make Cases, Stands, Cabinets, Galleys, Furniture, Dry Racks, Letter Boards, Proof Presses, etc., etc. HAVE HIM WRITE IT IN THE ORDER. Prent’s Printoleum Saves Inlc and Time. A FEW DROPS make printing or lithographic ink work weU in a cold room. PREVENT “ PEELING OFF ” of the surface of the stock. PREVENT “OFFSET.” A necessity for rush jobs. Work may be bound up almost immediately after printing. PREVENT INK DRYING on the rollers or plate. No need to wash up every day. EASY TO USE. WILL NOT AFFECT THE COLOR. WILL NOT EVAPORATE. SO Cents a Bottle. For Sale by all Dealers in Printers’ Supplies. Or three bottles from the Factory for $1.30, charges prepaid, FORD & FOSTER, AUSTIN, III. ENGRAVED WEDDING INVITATIONS, ANNOUNCEMENTS, AT HOMES. In the most approved forms. Lowest prices. CALLING CARDS, MONOGRAM STATIONERY. STEEL DIE^ EMBOSSED LETTER-HEADS, ENVELOPES, CATALOGUE COVERS, etc. Write for Samples and Prices. WM. FREUND & SONS, NO. 155 STATE STREET CHICAGO. Don’t stick Me, but Stick these GAUGE PINS into your tympan, and you won’t get stuck in getting a good regis¬ ter and placing your sheets on the There is a way, however, of sti _ , better than another. For instance, don’ as that keeps the gauge-head end down , „ final position, don’t gouge the paper with the teeth. slightly and ease them along; then, down with a -wrench, hut tap them ger smoothly on the platen. Start the point Don’t fail to remember that they r type founders and dealers, and of the I: ing the price. EDW. L. ig these Gauge Pins in the tympan I’t fail to bring the point up through, -■ — —hen youjnove the gauge to , , r the teeth tly into substantial paper clamped in a trifle below the feeding line, lay be had, with our other styles, of iventor and Manufacturer, by send- MEQILL, 60 Duane Street, NEW YORK. 116 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE INLAND PRINTER. <:>00<>00<><>0<><>00<><><><><><><><><><>page book fot 2,000 jobs, \ 200“page book for 1,000 jobs. $5.00 3.50 Order The Inland Printer Account Book from any Type Foundry or Printers' Supply House in the United States, or direct from . The Inland Printer Co. 214 Monroe St. CHICAGO, ILL., U.S.A. THE INLAND PRINTER. 117 THE LEADING Printing Ink KAST Sc EMINQER Makers of all kinds of Lithographic, Printing and Fine Half=tone Inks, Printing Inks for Bookbinders, Colors for Lithographers and Printers, Transparent Lithographic Inks, Tin Printing Inks, Lichtdruck Inks, Plate Printers’ Colors, Oils, Varnishes, etc., and Importers of Bronze Powders. THREE-COLOR PROCESS INKS A SPECIALTY. LITHOGRAPHERS’ SUPPLIES. CHAS. HELLMUTH, Agent. Office and Factory: 46-48 East Houston Street, NEW YORK. Lloyd Hutomatic plating Dynamo Built especially for the requirements of Electrotypers. In use in the best establishments throughout the United States and Canada. Every machine giving perfect satisfaction. Like all other machinery we make, workmanship and material the best. Send for catalogue and particulars. GEORGE E. LLOYD & CO., MAKERS OF ELECTROTYPERS* AND 202 S. Clinton St., CHICAGO. STEREOTYPERS* MACHINERY. Double Eight-Page Pasting and Trimming and Double 32 Folder Made by . BROWN FOLDING MACHINE CO., ERIE, PA, 118 THE INLAND PRINTER. NOT IN THE TYPE TRUST. PRINTING I^ACHINERY, I'lATERIAL AND FURNITURE. BOOK, NEWSPAPER and JOB TYPE. fl.D. Farmer § Son m Zm rounding Co. Ill $ 113 Quincp Street, #1, Western Agents for A Empire Typesetting Machine. S. M. WEATHERLY, MANAGER. Dexter Folding JVtachines. RECOGNIZED AS THE STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE. ^ ^ ^ Up-to-date in Mechanical and Electrical Devices. Correspondence respectfully invited. FOR BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, CIRCULARS, NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS. Branches : CHICAGO— 315 Dearborn Street. BOSTON-149 Congress Street. DEXTER FOLDER CO. 97 Reade Street, NEW YORK. UlhCi “Heme” SelFCIampins Cutter? Munsey Magazine Co. (2) Cosmopolitan Magazine Co. (2) Harper’s Magazine Co. McClure’s Magazine Co. Youths’ Companion Co. (5) The H. O. Shepard Co. D. C. Cook Publishing Co. The Werner Co. Boston Mailing Co. and 1,000 others, printers, bookbinders, box makers, corset manufacturers, paper mills, etc. .3^ Why? Because they save labor and money, and give perfect satis¬ faction. Send for catalogue and references to The Child Acme Cutter and Press Co. 33=35=37 Kemble St., Roxbury, BOSTON, MASS., U. S. A. THE INLAND PRINTER. 119 THE “SPECIAL” HERCULES GAS ENGINE. A Printers’ Engine... in use. One turn of the wheel starts it, and full power is instantly developed. No dirt, no coal, no engineer, no noise, no smoke, no heat, no annoyance. Clean, safe, steady, cheap, strong, automatic, reliable. The Best ! Our Special 2)4 H. P. is the cheapest and best ever offered the Printer. Power and durability guaranteed. Discount will pay freight. HERCULES GAS ENGINE WORKS, ALL STYLES FROM Write for Catalogue. 1 TO 200 HORSE-POWER. 405-407 Sansome St., SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. The Rosback PERFORATOR. A superior machine, combining strength, durability and latest improve¬ ments. Frame is securely braced and cannot be twisted out of shape, causing undue wear of needles and die. Sectional adjustment is obtained by sliding slotted plates on front of needle bar, by which the perforation can be almost instantly accommodated to stubs of checks, etc. Made in three sizes ; 20, 24 and 28-inch. FOR SALE BY F. P. ROSBACK, = 54=60 South Canal St., CHICAGO. Has invaded every class of society and no one who pretends to be anybody is without a collection more or less complete. Procure the following posters before they are gone: February, 1894, Bradley, . . March, 1896, Bradley, . . . May, 1896, Bird, . Aug-ust, 1896, Giannini, . . November, 1896, Leyendecker December, 1896, Leyendecker, January, 1897, Leyendecker, February, 1897, Leyendecker, March, 1897, Leyendecker, April, 1897, Leyendecker, . SENT ON RECEIPT OF PRICE BY T^bc Inland printer Co. ... PUBLISHERS . . 2 i 2-2 1 4 JMoTiroe 8t., Chicago. Too Little System. This is why so many printers fail to realize the proper profit on their work. Do you know there is a work that will save you many dollars every year ? Its price is small, but its value is great. It is called Cbe €o$t of Printing. It presents a system of accounting which has been in successful. operation for ten years, is suitable for large or small printing offices, and is a safeguard against omissions, errors and losses. Its use makes it absolutely certain that no work can pass through the office without being charged, and its actual cost in all details shown. Table of Contents: Forms of Job Tag, Job Book, Bindery Tag, Compositor’s Daily Time Tag, Total Time on Job in Pressroom, Total Daily Time in Pressroom, Daily Register of Counters, Foreman’s Daily Press Record, Form Tag, Time Book, Day Book, Journal and Cash Book, Job Ledger.— Tables: Weekly Summary of Labor, Monthly Register of Counting Machines, Monthly Summary of Press Records, Statement of Wages and Expenses, Cost of Time in Composing Room, Cost of Piecework, Cost of Work on Cylinder Presses, Cost of Work on Job Presses — Measuring Dupes— Paid Jobs — Legal Blanks — Monthly Statement of Loss or Gain — Inventory Books — Notes — Samples and Prices. Seventy-four pages, 6% by 10 inches, on 100-lb. S. & S. C. book .paper; cloth bound. SEND FOR ONE TODAY. THE INLAND PRINTER CO. Price, $1.50 postpaid. 212-214 Monroe St., Chicago, 120 THE INLAND PRINTER. The VERY LATEST “aa the VOUHSEOUH ^ “HICKOK” BOOKBINDERS AND PAPER RULERS MACHINERY^ THE W. 0. HICKOK MFG. CO. Harrisburg, Pa. AND KNOW HOW GOOD IT IS. WRITE US FOR PRICES ON BICYCLES OF OUR MAKE-THEY ARE HONEST “SQUARE BUILT. SPECIAL TERMS TO BINDERS, RULERS AND PRINTERS. Soutbcm Railway TO THE LAND OF PROMISE. THE GREATEST HIGHWAY OF TRADE AND TRAVEL TO THE PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE SOUTH. The line for business. The line for pleasure. The line to the health and pleasure resorts of the South. The line to Asheville and Hot Springs, N. C., “The Land of the Sky.” GMOIGB or rOUR ROUTGS TO PbORIDA. Pullman Vestibuled Trains. Dining Gars. I. II. CULP, Traffic Managi a. Pass. Agent, AtlInta. G I. IIKNSCOTER, EVERY PRINTER WANTS- “ profitable fldoertisins” 10 GtS. ' Magna Gharta Bond Ads. The complete set of 148 de¬ signs submitted in the recent advertisement competition of the Riverside Paper Com¬ pany can now be obtained in book form. This is a valu¬ able work for the compositor, the apprentice, the adve De munsoit Cypewriter IS “THE BEST” n?iCHlNE. Contains many desirable features heretofore overlooked by other manufacturers. Address for particulars : The Munson Typewriter Co. MANUFACTURERS, 240=244 W. Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. N. B.—Good Agents wanted. Cbc Red Letter. An exponent of the younger artists and liter¬ ary men of the country. 88 Boylston Street, BOSTON, MASS. TRADE MARKS, DESIGNS, COPYRIGHTS &c. Anyone sending a sketch and description m.iy quietly ascertain, free, whether an invention is probably patentable. Communications strictly confidential. Oldest agency for securing patents THE INLAND PRINTER. 121 Printers' Rollers.. BEST and CHEAPEST GODFREY & CO. 909 Sansotn Street, Philadelphia, Pa. C. W. CRUTSINGER , MANUFACTURER 0 iPrintm' Rollmandi » eomposition ' lift 18 North Second Street I ST. LOUIS, MO. THE WiLUAMSON-llAffNER EntfraVinC.Co. — deni/er. — ^tllTH COflflON-SENSE >i4perforator Makes a clear perforation. No cutting^ of rollers and packing. Can be adjusted in a few seconds. Will last for years. Sent on receipt of price, $10, by SMITH PERFORATOR CO. 1310 Filbert St., Philadelphia, Pa. Copper for Half-tone, Ground an^i Polished Zinc, Ground and Polished for Line Etching Hud and Pure or Soft Zinc of superior quality. Sheets Don’t Punch Holes in Your Belts. Belts joined with Lovejoy Go's Cement are strongfer^ will pull more, run smoother, make less noise, will wear longer and are less likely to break apart than those joined in any other way. The joint as strong as any part of the belt. Directions for use with every package. Will keep until used. PRICE — 75c. per pound ? 40c. per half pound. Send JOc., in stamps, for Sample by mail. THE LOVEJOY CO. GLUE Send for samples and prices of our SPECIAL Bookbinders' Blue. IT’S THE BEST! BINDERS' FLEXIBLE COMPOSITION ARMOUR GLUE WORKS ARMOUR & CO., Proprietors. New York Office, 182 Duane St. general offices : Boston Office, 39 Commercial Wharf. 205 La Salle Street, Chicago, Ill. 1 Rank Building H. Griffin & Sons, established 1833, BOOKBINDERS’ AND POCKETBOOK MAKERS’ SUPPLIES. MOROCOUISIE (A" 54 AND 56 DUANE STREET, New York City. trbe |p>boto=(rbroniot)epe lEnaraving (To. 719 Vine Street, - • • PHILADELPHIA. We solicit your correspondence if you appreciate GOOD QDAUTY — LOW PRICE — PROMPTNESS 1 for... ^ (» Glazed Papers ^ Plated Papers I Leather Papers ^ QO TO Slade, Hipp & Meloy, P 300 Wabash Avenue, 1 CHICAGO. 122 THE INLAND PRINTER. Inland Printer Business Biregtory. Insertions In this Directory are charged $7.00 per year for two lines, and for more than two lines $2.00 per line additional. Ireland, H. 1., 925 Chestnut s_tr CYLINDER AND^J»JRBS|BS, ■’“c'ficSSf oV ""•• “ "lira?-- "‘-“’'§SSK?lsi'"wVx'?“““ “lS5SM%SfS Erie, Pa. Write "“•ST vX"‘R ‘■"gsa K'sJSrD«''’’r.'5 prss:*' "“'HIS"™ « Missouri ^ Bra$$ type foundry Company, E. MENUEL & SONS, HONORABLE MENTION LONDON, 1862. PRIZE MEDAL, SYDENHAM, 1865. E. MENUEL & SONS, PRIZE MEDAL, LONDON, 1870. HONORABLE MENTION, PARIS, 1878. E. MENUEL & SONS, LONDON, ENGLAND. 1611 South Jefferson Ave., ST. LOUIS, MO. Manufacturers_of Brass Type of Every Description Made of onr Celebrated Extra Quality of Hard Brass. Send for Specimen Books. NOT IN THE TVEE TRUST. For BOOKBINDERS, EMBOSSERS, HAT TIP PRINTERS and WOOD PRINTERS. THE INLAND PRINTER. 123 THE INLAND PRINTER BUSINESS D I R E CTO R Y — Contin ued. “■ssrFs. f..?.i.rL3":s5 -.'SvSS; ”S^4E~iHF— PRINTERS’ MATERIALS. "•■S£%'SS4ec;pS^iSS^ft„S'^' "'flHSSSa ““'&S,,^?wffip“>.’£, ?r*E.*aL'£ §S; WOOD TYPE. ‘“■ar ’'‘““■•■"• Process QteVer^5.l«- _ ■ — A '^.Me — *K - ^iJiC 015 _ep-o-^pin| lAS-ISA/Aonroe^ -^^’^dHICACiO. 124 THE INLAND PRINTER. /(s (iiS k (l^ i n\ /m«|^lTnOT30?^ ^ydl.vVecdvn flKyou out, if you d,ro 30 troubled<;Dd P'ou pccd [)0.y nofancybrice[brtbc[^[^^ ClNClNNATr New York- (hicago • Printed With No. i. Enameled Paper Black, No. 502=55. CINCINNATI. NEW YORK. CHICAGO. ST. LOUIS. Our Goods Carried in Stock and for Sale Dy: Eugene Lyon, 123 N. Fourth St, Phila., Pa. P. S. Pease & Co., Detroit, Mich. Cleveland Paper Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Chas. a. Smith Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Courier Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Alling & Cory, Rochester, N.Y. Central Ohio Paper Co., Columbus, Ohio. Heybach-Bush Co., Louisville, Ky. Morgan & Hamilton Co., Nashville, Teuii. F. W. Gardiner Co., Salt Lake, Utah. Bryan Printing Co., Columbia, S. C. State Journal Co., Lincolu, Neb. Alling Paper Co., Sau Antonio, Tex. Western Newspaper Union, Omaha, Neb. Geo. B. Stadden, Minneapolis, Minn. B. M. Wood, Dayton, Ohio. Toronto. Distributing Jlgents for Canada : Toronto Type Foundry, Montreal. Winnipeg. THE INLAND PRINTER. 133 Prices, these Machines will satisfy better than any others. Peerless Gem ’!*• Cutters ass all other cutters in quality, strength facilities. Combine the good points of other Lever Cutters, and are sold at prices low as are asked for inferior cutters. I cuts 23 X inches . . ^100 25X “ . . 125 30 “ “ 30X “ . . 175 32 “ “ 32^ “ . . 200 The net prices are much lower, and will be quoted upon application to our nearest branch. Three Presses Gaily Universal Press. These meet all requirements. The GORDON is the most popular. None better for doing everyday work at a profit. The PEERLESS is stronger than the Gordon. It will do all the Gordon does and also such exceptionally difficult work as embossing. The GALLY UNIVERSAL is the best of all platen presses. It prints perfectly. Prices of all in comparison with efficiency are the lowest procurable. American f<»>’“I‘>-s Company . GENERAL SELLING AGENTS. Branches in All Principal Cities. 134 THE INLAND PRINTER. r Your Attention is Called TO €rank movement. Doing away with all cam gears, springs, centers. Running without jolt or jar. Bed motion. Giving ease of mo¬ tion, firmness, long life, simplicity. Insures better distribution, ^0.. better impression, better register ; and, ^ therefore, better work. economy. ?::" ' -IVT Ruber Press Perfectors. L Cwo=Revolution. f, Cwo=€olor. Smallest: 24 X 3L Drgest: 48 X 69. Cime Cested. Service Cried. NOT A NOVELTY, but a Printing Press whose every improvement marks a distinct and permanent gain to the Printing Art. WE ASK YOU TO INVESTIGATE THE HUBER, VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON 59 Ann St., 17 to 23 Rose St. NEW YORK. Western Office : 256 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. H. W. THORNTON, Manager. THE INLAND PRINTER. 135 BLEPHON&- MAIN SI65 e)-n.ANDERSON,Krest~ Ry Se^ sTreas [laqiJfdcriJi'Ers of and DEalera p» i©ra!).rS DeSI GNS AND Es^MaI Che^F LTLD I Id asG leu ms, dtafydty^ne/-Jedd8tcues. { CITY OFFICE, SUITE 29. B^LASMLLEST. Letter-Heads, Bill-Heads, Cards, Labels, etc., Handsomely Engraved by our Lithogravure Process. Our plates can be rua oa the regular prlatlag press amd results obtained equal to Lithography. PRANKbllN BNGR^VIING ^ BBBGTROTYPlING CO. FURTHER SAMPLE? UPON Ap.pLiCATioN. 341-351 Dearbom St.. CHICAGO. 136 THE INLAND PRINTER. Purnislies onlv first-class work ' in everv respect — and no doubt vou know good work when vou see it. Re-engraved Work a special tv. 14 and 16 Ellicott Street, BUrmiO, N.Y. WB HAVE NOT discovered the North Pole, but We Have solved the problem of Printing from a Steel Die. The failure of other power machines to accomplish this purpose has not deterred us from careful and patient investigation. We now have a machine com¬ plete and perfect in every detail. It is A Money “Maker ! Material, workmanship and results are all guaran¬ teed. Write us for further information and ask for our new catalogue — it is something every art printer wants to see. ij. B. Connolly, 156 William Street, New York. William Mann Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Chas. E. Brown, Philadelphia, Pa. Brandon Printing Co., Nashville, Term. R. W. Sterling, Cleveland, Ohio. Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, Md. Payot, Upham & Co., San Francisco, Cal. Carver & Swift Stamping Press Co. 25 North Seventh Street, . . . Philadelphia, Pa. Van Allens & Boughton, Selling Agents for New York and New England States, 17 Rose Street, New York. ^ MAKES^ Sa ROUND^ Uhe Stosback.... — -^10=Inch Hand Perforator OAS many advantages over other machines and we fully recom- t/ mend it as the best on the market. Springs are at either end of needle bar, out of the way, and preventing all tipping of the bar. Stripper is double flanged, rendering it stiff and firm. Bent or broken needles can be replaced in a few minutes. BY F* ROSBACK, 54-60 South Canal Street, CHICAGO, ILL. THE INLAND PRINTER. 137 THETHOfilNE is the only Mechanical Type Seller producing composition and Distribution at one and the same time ... on one Machine by the use ot individual types Desults equal If not superior to hand worh, and allowing ot CHEAP AND RAPID CORRECTIONS. A machine for the Newspaper or Booh Office at a moderate price and on reasonable terms. sew Foil UTUOOIt Thorne Type Sctliiy Machine Co. 34 Parh ROW 139 Monroe St. New Yorh Chicago Paper Cutter Knives.... ESTABLISHED m .830 j* ftrlnQ Coes & Co No Fake” in our methods. Best Finish, Gt W'U. Honest Prices, Written Warrant. Try. ^ WORCESTER, MASS. THE INLAND PRINTER. 139 5Clbat more can we say, Xi^ban to you we have said, XTbat Queen City Inks Hre still at tbe bead. ...Our... H, D, Book and Half-Tone Inks are Goody BETTERy BEST^ WE carefully guard the interests of our patrons by sending ^ them the best goods made in our line^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Queen City Printing Ink Company, Home Office, Gncmmti, Ohio. We fespectfttlly solicit yottf ofders. branch,,, 347 dearborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL, 140 THE INLAND PRINTER. CAnaiSt. jCor- J[4^, 28>^ Inches. by the fact that, since their - introduction less than three years ago, there have been no complaints nor calls for repairs, either on account of weak¬ ness, or defective material or workmanship, on any one of the 525 I N U S E . All parts strictly interchangeable. MANUFACTURED B PAUL SHNIEDEWEND & CO., Chicago. NEW MODEL JOBBING FOLDER. Made by BROWN FOLDING MACHINE CO., Erie, Pa. 152 THE INLAND PRINTER. P LARGEST VARIETY. BEST QUALITY. PARSONS PAPER CO. HOLYOKE, MASS. rccisc people perpetually purchase parsons' Papers. To get the Best, Buy Parsons', ANTHONY’S Patent Line Screen Holder. Holds any size of Plate and Screen. Distance between plate and screen adjustable. Send for Descrip¬ tive List. RICHARDS’ CROSS=LINE SCREENS. The International Annual and American Process Year Book. Articles by Austin, Binner, Horg-an, Gamble, Isawa, Pickering, Talbot, Shaylor, etc. Price 7Sc., postage ISc. E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO., 591 Broadway, New York. Anderson’s Photon-Mechanical Processes and Guide to Color Work. A complete guide to the photo-reproduction processes, three-color work, etc. Illustrated with three-color print, color chart and many half-tones. Price $5. For sale by E. & H.T. ANTHONY & CO., 591 Broadway, New York, AND THE INLAND PRINTER CO., 214 Monroe St., Chicago. Keith Paper Company TURNER'S FALLS, MASS. FACSIMILE OF WATERMARKS. KEITH LEDGER PAPERS SEND FOR SAMPLES. lade, strong, hard sized. - - , rule nicely, write easily, erase and rewrite without difficulty, and have been given the preference by good judges ’ - ipetitive tests with all other leading brands of Ledger papers. _ _ made in Laid and Wove, White and Perfection — , ' ----- Stationers and Printers for first-class Commercial Statione.^ Insurance Offices and Business Houses generally. These papers a put up ruled and folded, in usual sizes. :STL0.GM. WF^ to 8 times larger in diameter. To the gear and also to the same shaft at the other side a crank is attached which moves the platen to and from the type by the aid of a connecting rod. The movement of the platen was studied considerably in order to make it handy for the operator and keep correct time with the crank movement. Still, the touching of platen parallel to the type ought to be of the utmost importance with manufacturers of printing presses. It can sometimes be noticed how faultily the power of a press is estimated. Certain parts are extremely heavy and others comparatively light, and the gearing transmitting the power weak in proportion. To calculate the pressure upon the teeth of a gear wheel, divide the velocity in feet in a second at the pitch line by the resistance to be overcome. About friction many people have very wrong ideas, simple as it is. There is, for instance, the prevailing opinion that much surface causes much friction in proportion, but it is the weight or pres¬ sure upon the surface, not simply surface. Every¬ one knows by experience that narrow surfaces, even if well lubricated, will press into a revolving or sliding bearing, whereas in a dry state they will soon come to abrasion. A pivot or step bearing is spherical at the end to obtain the least bearing possible, for the reason the shaft revolves around 176 THE INLAND PRINTER. its center, and any more bearing- surface will act as a leverag-e to the action. The amount of power transmitted to a machine depends upon the tension of the belt, and this can be from 10 to 40 pounds adhesion to every inch in width. For many years I have watched this, but never found that a sing-le belt will do as much as is claimed, unless it is a double belt and a tightener is applied. With the following calculations, 30 pounds are considered as the constant pull for every inch of belt width. The two vital points in a working machine are the driving pulley and shaft where power is trans¬ mitted to the machine, and the spot where the work is to be done. Both of them must be theo¬ retically equal in power. The intermediate parts, which in their combination represent the machine, are only to accomplish the desired result. They absorb, according to their construction, more or less power transmitted through them. To investigate the power required by a printing press, we will take as example the leading printing machine at the present time. The press is a half superroyal, 14 by 22. The platen in this case shall take 1,500 impi'essions per hour. The gearing is 1 to 8, consequently the driving pulley makes 200 revolutions in one minute. The pulley is 16 inches diameter by 4 inches face, and the ^circumference 50.26 inches, and revolves at the rate of 13.96 feet in a second. The adhesion of belt to the pulley face is equal to 4 X 30 — 120 pounds, consequently the power constantly transferred to the machine is 13.96 X 120 = 1,675.20 foot pounds in one second. This is 308 : 1,675.20 = 5.44 to each square inch of type. At the crank, from whence the power is transferred from a reciprocating motion to the linear, or almost linear, motion of the platen, the foot pounds of power must be, as said above, theoretically the same as on the pulley face. As is evident, this motion of the platen cannot be of an equal velocity, although the slow down-motion of the crank passing over the center is of advantage in taking the impression. The crank-pin circle is 7 inches diameter and describes by one complete revolution 21.99 inches. The proportion of the machine is 1 to 8, consequently the crank pin makes, by 25 revolutions in a minute, 0.7635 foot in one second. The difference of velocity in feet of crank circle and pulley face within a second is 0.7635 ; 13.96 = 18.283 times to 1 ; and this is the proportion of power, because the excess of velocity in the pulley is compensated for in the crank pin by a proportionate pressure ; consequently, 120 X 18.283 = 2,193.96 pounds actual pressure with the velocity of 0.7635 foot a second, which is 0.7635 X 2.193.96 = 1,675.50 foot pounds, the same as with the pulley. This power transmitted is belt power only, and keeps the machine at the desired speed, including fly wheel. The action of pulley and crank pin is illustrated in Fig. 1 by a single lever, of which the short end represents the crank pin and the long end the pulley. If a person should actually place a platen of 2,193.96 pounds upon the type, it would be a dead weight of 7.12 pounds pressure to each square inch of type, and the impression is taken by grav¬ ity. This will not occur with a machine in motion, for motion is power, and some of the 2,193.96 pounds must be moving in order to carry the actual weight as pressure to do the work, for without motion there is no action. The fly wheel has 35 inches diameter, the rim weighs 180 pounds and revolves 3.3 times in a second, and the influence of the rim power by 3 revolutions must do the work between type and platen. We have a variation of velocity from 30.55 to 30 feet in one second. 30.55= — 30= 32.2 - = 7^= 0.515 X 180 = 92.7 pounds as fly-wheel power. The difference in feet per second, described by the crank-pin center and the fly-wheel rim, is 0.763 ; 30 =39.3582 times to 1, consequently the power transferred to the platen and converted into work at the type 39.35 : 92.7 = 3,648.80, or 308 : 3,648.80 = 11.87 pounds to each square inch of type. This fly-wheel power can be utilized gradually within three revolutions similar to belt power, or the same power by one sudden stroke. The following example (Fig. 2) illustrates how this rim power is transferred to the crank at the moment it passes the centers and the impres¬ sion is taken, to which the tympan is as usual a cushion. This calculation can be accomplished by applying the dimensions of straight lever arms, radiuses, diameters or circumferences, or the ve¬ locity of a series of wheels arranged to a train, because they all rotate in exact proportion to each other. We will select as example the respective circumferences. a is the circumference of the crank circle . 21.99 inches b “ “ “ gear wheel . 62.83 “ C “ “ “ pinion . 7.85 “ d “ “ “ of fly wheel . 110 “ The difference of pinion and gear wheel circumfer¬ ence is 7.85 : 100 = 14 times. The difference of crank circle and gear wheel, 21.99 ; 62.83 =2.8112 times; consequently, 2.8113 X 14 = 39.35 and 39.3582 X 92.7 =3,648.50 pounds, the same as cal¬ culated above. As is evident, the belt power is only to keep the machine going, while the fly-wheel rim does the work. Every single revolution or part of the revolution of a wheel represents a certain amount of power, according to its velocity and weight. Of THE INLAND PRINTER. 177 all the rim power only a proportionately small por¬ tion can be utilized, and the wheel must have a cer¬ tain time between each impression, cut, etc,, to resume its full speed, ready for the next cut. In order to keep the machine in g-ood running- order without stopping or waiting for the speed to come up, it is necessary to use only an amount of power that will give the wheel about half the number of revolutions between each impression. The platen of our example takes 25 impressions a minute and the fly wheel 8 revolutions to each, consequently the power of 4, rarely 5, revolutions, is all that actually ought to be taken from the wheel. The full power developed in the rim of our wheel above, by 200 revolutions a minute, is 180 X 30= 162,000 ^ ^ j ^ - — = 2,521 pounds, and such an immense momentum of masses cannot be stopped all of a sudden ; it will strip either the teeth of gears, or else the spokes of the wheel near the hub. This explains the terrible breakdowns of very powerful pi'esses if platen is not properly adjusted, pins 2^2 inches diameter being- torn from the bridg^e and the platen and other parts cracked and crushed like a nutshell. Obviously it requires an immense power to do such havoc. How the rim power is utilized depends greatly upon the nature of the resistance. If the tool, for instance, is a cutter, cutting- through, it will release the blow, and also can moderate resistance for a correspondingly long- time, and finally stops the wheel. All this can be accomplished without break¬ ing anything-. The work done on a printing- press with a hard tympan is of a different nature, and similar to a hammer striking an anvil. The time within which the power of a fly wheel is trans¬ ferred to the type changes with the work to be done. One second is a long time, as, for instance, the crank-pin center of our machine travels during that time a distance of 9.16 inches. With the printing press, the time within which the impres¬ sion is taken between type or cutter and platen regulates itself, depending upon the nature of the work and upon whether a tympan is in use or not. Supposing there is no tympan, and the work placed against solid iron, and A of an inch is allowed for the depth of the impression, whatever it may be, then the proportion of the resistance to the power transmitted to do the work will adjust itself. In this case it is A of an inch against 18.45 inches of the wheel rim in the same time, which in proportion is A X 18.45 = 590.40 to 1. The fly wheel, we pre¬ sume, transferring 92.7 pounds will cause a pres¬ sure against the type or cutter of 590.40 X 92.7 = 54,727 pounds moving the distance of A of an inch. This, of course, is only an example, but in prac¬ tice the power needed is, as said above, according to the resistance, depending again upon the nature of the material to be treated. This is the common- sense method of calculating power, and furnishes a demonstration that will be plain to everybody, and one that can be practically applied. If ex¬ pressed in the highest mathematical terms it will sum up to about the same result. A proof of the above example can be had by several methods, as, for example, by the toggle- joint press (Fig. 3), but in this case the connecting rod is in reverse to its actiial position. Fig. 4 rep¬ resents the exact dimensions of the crank movement at the time the impression is taken. Fig. 5 is the same, but enlarged to illustrate the principle. In Fig. 5 the work is done between b a c, oi which c is the crank-pin center, which in revolving will pull the connecting rod, and as a consequence the platen, the linear distance b a. The distance traveled in this case by the crank-pin center is 0.46875 inch, and by the platen 0.03125 inch in the same time — a proportion of 0.3125 : 0.46875 = 15 times to 1. The work done at the end of the stroke, or the distance a b, is 3,648.50 X 15 = 54,727 pounds, or 29 tons, the same as in the previous example. Ac- / cording to the parallel- y ogram a (5 r, the work / actually done is by 0.03 / pounds more than cal- culated, but this is of no consequence, \ for all practical purposes, because the power \ constantly varies accord¬ ing to the resistance, and with it the friction ■ — a great item in such arrangements. Printing presses are sold principally by the size of the chase, and paper cutters by the width of cutting space, without relation to what amount of 178 THE INLAND PRINTER. power is needed for printing- or cutting-. An inves¬ tigation of a number of large and small presses of different makes indicated that the average belt power is 4.36 pounds to one square inch of type, and the fly-wheel power 8.19 pounds to one square inch. The following will illustrate this. A press 6 by 10 had 3.4 pounds of belt power, and the fly¬ wheel power 3.25 pounds to one square inch on the type. The last number indicates the utmost rim- power according to the dimensions given — 48 pounds to one square inch on type. The others will follow in the same order: 7 by 10 — 5 — 6 to 82; 8 by 12 — 3.6 — 6.3 to 85 ; 9 by 13 — 4.6 — 6 to 82 ; 9 by 13—4.3 — 6.8 to 96; 10 by 15 — 4.4 — 10 to 103; and 14 by 22 — 5.44 — 11.7 to 179 pounds to one square inch. As a matter of comparison the figures obtained are all by the methods explained above. With belt power the second is the standard time A North Carolina Creeper. and the fly-wheel power is supposed to be instant. The last number is what the fly wheel can do to the utmost with the respective machines, provided the parts engaged are strong enough to stand it. The reason the pressure to print, as indicated by the list, varies but slightly is because one manufac¬ turer followed closely the experience of others in sizes as well as proportions. A press built wuth some variations from this will quickly show that any principle by this or that inventor cannot be applied all around and for various purposes. The paper cutter is a similar illustration. In many of them about the same power is applied to large and small cutters, instead of allowing one thousand pounds cutting pressure for every linear foot of cutting edge with the hand cutter, and fifteen hundred pounds for power cutters. This all illustrates that it is very desirable to know exactly what a machine can accomplish in power for every detail in the machine, enabling necessary changes to be made for different classes of work. Belt power can be increased by larger diameter of the driving pulley, which will increase the velocity of the belt by the same number of rev¬ olutions. The fly-wheel action can be best improved by a wheel also of greater diameter, but of the same weight of rim. In both cases the increase is by more motion, because motion is power. Written for The Inland Printer. A PRESSMAN'S TROUBLES— UNIFORM COLOR. There are some people in this universe who make a practice of taking things as they come, or as we sometimes say, taking care of today and living an easy-going life, ever ready to advise their more careful companions in the words of the old adage to “Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.” This might be good advice for some people at times, but for a pressman it is out of place ; for if he would be successful in producing creditable work he must be ever on the lookout for trouble in everything he does. It is safe to say that in nine cases out of ten where defective work is done it is caused by neglect, where the pressman should have foreseen his trouble, and when it “troubles” him it has gone beyond his control. We see evidence of this in many books or other printed articles, in the form of an uneven or im¬ proper color, sometimes resulting in smear and offset, also in improper margins or perhaps a streak of heavily worn type about the edges of certain pages, and in numerous other forms which would require a small book to enumerate. These are all evidences of trouble which, though the pressman may exert much care after they are dis¬ covered, might have been prevented if he had been cautious enough, and by attention at the beginning saved from ruin what otherwise would have been considered a good job. A friend lately showed me a book which was turned out by a house of good reputation, a per¬ fect gem of typographic art. I admired it greatly because of the perfection with which the cuts were printed, but was somewhat disappointed to see that after so much time and thought had apparently been consumed in the making ready that the color varied, on the type work especially, from dark to light throughout the work. Had the work not shown so much care in other respects I should have called it carelessness, but as that could not have been the reason, what was it ? Doubtless everyone knows that steel and iron expand with heat and contract with cold, and in like manner we And that the flowing quality of ink is stimulated by heat and retarded by cold. The' effect of cold on composition rollers is to drive out elasticity and suction to a certain degree, mak¬ ing them hard and lifeless. Suppose, now, that a pressman has in hand a form on which he is ex¬ pected to get the best possible results. He makes it ready carefully and succeeds in getting an even and proper impression. His rollers are properly set in relation to form, and last, but not least, he sets his THE INLAND PRINTER. 179 fountain evenly and manag-es to start his press about the middle of the day or early afternoon when the temperature of the pressroom is at its best. Being- of an ambitious disposition he will naturally pride himself on the appearance of his work, and if it is at all possible he will endeavor to finish one side that day, so that he can have the privileg-e of letting- his work lay over nig-ht to dry. At night the heat is shut off from the building, the machinery becomes chilled, and so it will be found next morning when the pressman proceeds to finish the job. In order to secure a good dis¬ tribution he will thin some ink with a liquid reducer; but as he runs he will find that his form does not cover well and looks muddy. Even if he knows what is causing his trouble he cannot wait until matters right themselves, and his only alternative is to resort to remedies, each one of which, though it helps in one way, will retard in another. For instance, if the fountain has con¬ tracted with cold and shuts off some of the ink, you open it more, and before you are aware your color is too full. Next the ink, having become stiff with cold, refuses to flow well and you mix oil, var¬ nish or reducer of some kind into it to the detri¬ ment of the color, because you cannot add colorless matter to a mass of color without weakening the density of it. Next, the rollers, which were right before, are now hard and lifeless. You may set them harder, but it will make the form look muddy. You can resort to the old and bad prac¬ tice of sponging the rollers with water or lye, but this will shorten the usefulness of the roller. (It is to me much like giving a man alcoholic drinks to strengthen him, for when the effects wear off he is worse than before.) With such obstacles in his way a pressman can scarcely be expected to do uniform work, and work done under such circumstances is all the more dis¬ tasteful to the eye when finished, because one page will be right and the next inferior, the contrast being so marked as to be conspicuous to even the inexperienced eye. The foregoing theory will account for much of the varied color in bookwork, but there are other reasons just as common ; for instance, there is no black ink in common use for bookwork that does not look brighter when fresh than it does when dry, and a pressman not thinking of this will often, when backing up, take out a sheet and compare the dry side with the fresh side. As a matter of course, the freshly printed side will look darker and he will cut off some of the ink accordingly, and to his disgust if he examines his work after it is finished he will find that he simply made the color too light and he might better have left good enough alone. A suggestion for testing the color on various sections of a printed sheet was offered some time since in this magazine. It is worthy of considera¬ tion by pressmen who can put it into practical use. It will not be necessary to repeat it here, save to say that it originated with pressmen who have to do the printing of playing cards. It is a good thing to remember that playing cards are printed in large forms, but that every block is exactly the same and that by cutting a sheet and transposing the pages any difference in color can easily be detected. With some plain type forms of book- work this plan will work nicely, but as soon as the pages differ from one another on account of the use of different sizes or faces of type, as is often the case, or when cuts are used, this plan will deceive. If you will take notice, when a form is so made up that some rows of pages will contain more or darker cuts than others, you will find the matter of an even color becomes quite puzzling. A good test can be made by taking a piece of white card¬ board or heavy paper large enough to cover a page. In this cut a hole about two inches square. This card can then be moved from page to page and a solid portion of the type matter only will be seen and the cuts excluded entirely. If the form is taken as a whole and the color set to look even and the cuts are then excluded you will see that the rows of pages which contain the cuts will really be lighter in color than the others. This will probably seem strange to those who do not know it to be a fact, and if in doubt a little experiment¬ ing may reveal the secret of an uneven color in your work. One thing must be admitted, notwithstanding all that might be said of even and uneven color in bookwork — that is, that most of it is done through carelessness or ignorance on the part of the press¬ man, and the only way it can be properly tested is to print a sheet on both sides, fold it up and com¬ pare page for page as it stands when finished in the book. In this way the pressman sees it as others see it and can easily locate any difficulty which may manifest itself. An uneven color is sometimes caused by uneven impression. JAPANESE ENGLISH. Here is an example of Japanese English. It is an adver¬ tisement of a toothpaste which was widely circulated in the English ships which have lately been in the Chinese seas : “ In the Eest there was no good sanitary tooth paste that was sure to cure and safe to use, so our campany resolved to prepare a good uatured paste and successed. The efficiencies of this paste are as following : — Firstly, to strengthen and preserve the nature of the tooth ; Secondly, to tight the tooth with thingams. Thirdly, to defend a hemonhage arisen by frictrir. Fourthly, to take away the offensive smell of the mouth. Fifthly, to difend the putrification of tooth and so prevent the carious one. Any one who uses this paste will certainly discover that it is of avery wor drfnl and valuable nature, by his practice. To use this paste, it is necessary to vinse the mouth will walir aftr sabling the tooth carefully by the tooth brash.” — Printers' Register. THE INLAND PRINTER. 181 While our columns are always open for the discussion of any relevant subject, we do not necessarily indorse the opinions of contributors. Anony¬ mous letters will not be noticed ; therefore correspondents will please ^ive names — not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. All letters of more than 1,000 words will be subject to revision. VALUE OF THE LABOR CONTRACT. To the Editor : Buffalo, N. Y., March 14, 1897. The labor contract, between associations of employers and emplo5’es, establishes a uniformity which protects the fair employer and restrains the unfair one. It acts in the same way with the conservative and radical workman. It is the natural solution of the labor problem, because it nat¬ urally carries with it some plan for arbitration. It establishes a rate of wages for a specified time — a state of affairs equally beneficial to employer and employe. It ought to be as desirable to an employer to have a fixed rate of wages for a year or two years as to have a fixed rate for rent, or anything else of which he uses a certain amount every year. To the employe it gives a feeling of security and confi¬ dence that he can make his plans for a certain length of time, knowing that he will not be called upon to oppose a reduction or demand an increase of wages during the period of contract. That feeling of confidence makes him a better employe and a better citizen. A man does not give his employer his best service when he is worrying for fear he will be supplanted by a cheaper man, or feels that he may be drawn into a dispute over wages at any time. The labor contract will not do away with labor troubles, but it will reduce them to a minimum. Stability of wages makes a man a more valuable member of the community. Uncertainty of work is trouble enough. When uncertainty of wages is added, a man is forced to practice an economy that limits his value as a maker of trade. He stints himself in what may be called necessary luxuries — it may be a bicycle, or a library subscription, or a better gown for his wife, or a better house to live in — to be in a position to resist a reduction or demand fair wages. Too much economy makes hard times. W. OBSERVATIONS OF A COUNTRY PUBLISHER. To the Editor : Nashville, III., April 3, 1897. The country is full to overflowing with unemployed printers, but my belief is that it is as difficult for the employer to procure the right man for his work, as it is for the employe to secure a job. In the past fifteen years I have had varied experiences with employes, and have found that while most of them were very anxious to come to work for me — that they thoroughly understood my presses and the management of steam engines — that they were up on modern methods of doing job work — never used intoxi¬ cants — after they had worn off the novelty of the place they developed traits that were not dreamed of at the time of their engagement. One man promised, the first week or two of his working for me, to be the best all-round man that I ever had. He was an old locomotive engineer ; had worked in some of the best job offices in the country ; made suggestions and improvements around the machinery that were valuable. I had a jewel beyond all question. In a short time, however, his breath began to smell of spirits. He would be late in the morning, and would take more than an hour for dinner. He began to give way to his besetting sin of getting drunk. I talked with him one day, told him that unless he stopped drinking he would have to leave. He thanked me for the talk, and promised to straighten himself up. He did, for a few days, but relapsed again, and I dis¬ charged him with his account overdrawn $5. Succeeding him I got a man who seemed to be another jewel. He had one thing against him — though a young man, he had worked in a large number of offices all over the country. But he did not drink nor use tobacco. Besides, he was a member of the Presbyterian Church. He worked for a couple of months, and then he began to become restive whenever suggestions were made to him as to how work should be done. He developed a tremendous temper which was positively unbearable. Another was industrious for a few weeks, apparently, but he then developed what was probably a natural indolence, and did not earn his money. All of which leads me to conclude that the employer has as hard a time in securing the proper help to do his work as the employe has to secure a place in which to work for his living. T. M. R. THE PRINTING TRADE IN ENGLAND. To the Editor: Bakeryille, Tenn., April 12, 1897. Mr. William Paterson, Manchester, England, in a per¬ sonal letter to a relative in this country, makes the follow¬ ing remarks on the condition of the trade in that country: “There is, as you may guess, an enormous amount of print¬ ing done in this country, and the work gives employment to a large army of workers. For some years past the number of workers has increased far beyond the increase in the work, and of late the typesetting machines — especially the Linotype — have taken the place of a good many, so that all the year round, busy time or slack time, there are always a lot of men idle ; of course, some of them are lazy, but making every allowance there are always upward of one hundred men on the out-of-work list in Manchester. You see, print¬ ing is looked upon as a genteel business, and parents with boys try to get them into it. A large number of the country towns use only apprentice labor, and when their apprentice¬ ship is out and they want journeymen’s wages they have to leave, and, of course, make their way to London, Manchester or the nearest of the large towns, which, as I have told you, are overstocked with men. The Union tries to keep the num¬ ber down by limiting the number of apprentices in each office, but it has very little power in these country places. The hours of work have also been curtailed, but the number of men is always increasing. Yet the position of the printer is far in advance of what it was when I learned the trade a good many years ago. The hours at that time were sixty-five per week and wages about 2Ss. Now the hours, generally speaking, are fifty per week and wages, in Manchester, 3Ss. for job hands. News hands receive 42s. for a week of forty- eight hours — that is, for night work.” E. H. B. A SIMPLE DEVICE TO LOCK UP SPEQAL CASES. To the Editor : Bellows Falls, Vt., March 25, 1897. When laying a font of new script, or some other type having a very light and fragile face, what foreman or em¬ ploying printer has not seriously “wished he had a lock and key on those cases,” to keep Tom, Dick and Harry from giving them a promiscuous shaking up and the consequent . damage to the hair lines which invariably follows, in spite of labels and warnings. I have often thought of it, and have hit on a plan which, while not being as elaborate or as expensive as the wished-for lock and key, answers very well and absolutely prevents the case from being snatched out half-way and fired back again with a bang sufficient to raise the — apprentice. I take a common gimlet bit, such as 182 THE INLAND PRINTER. carpenters use, which will make a hole about three six¬ teenths of an inch in diameter, and after pushing- the case back in the frame where it would naturally be when closed, I bore a hole throug-h the end of the frame and into the front of the case, deep enough to admit a common ten- penny wire nail. When the case is not in use the nail is Photo by Steckel, Los Angeles, Cal. Gardening. pushed in, the head showing but little, still constituting an effectual check on a thoughtless compositor. Being on the right side of the frame it is easy to open and will be found an improvement worth having. George A. Brace. FROM NEW YORK. To the Editor : New York, March 15, 1897. The winning of the laureate-wreath of votes by Mr. Louis Orr is looked upon by the printers of this city as, in a sense, a deserved tribute to a printer of the first class, and as, in another sense, an evidence of the great value of business ability, in the printer’s shop as well as elsewhere. The work of Mr. Orr is admirable. It is often more : it is often truly artistic and really original. If it were to be examined critically, .to discover the quality that gives it preeminence, the critic would find himself obliged to strike off from his record of points much that catches the eye agreeably and appeals for a favorable verdict. There would be enough remaining to secure eminence — not in all cases preeminence. It is true that one’s work is to be judged by its own power. It is not allowed to go back of the accomplishment and reckon with elements not essentially germane to the art, such as personal business ability. If this were permitted we would discover at once that much of the excellence of Mr. Orr’s work is due to the patent fact that it is executed according to tenets and under conditions that are not only familiar to, but are a part of the dumb creed of, nearly every good printer. Much, perhaps most, of the poor work turned off by good printers is because of the dominance of the cus¬ tomer’s ideas and the submergence of the printer’s own. obiter dicta. Nearly all good printers know the laws that must be observed to produce artistic results ; but, alas ! nearly all good printers waive those laws in deference to the desires or the ignorance of customers. When, therefore, Mr. Orr quietly brushes his customer’s ideas and notions aside, as he does, with some remark like “We’d rather not have you think about this job at all,’’ and takes the reins in his own hands, the doctrine of foreordination is given a fair chance and there is likely to result a job of printing that is in many respects artistic and worthy. Mr. Orr rarely per¬ mits a patron to worry about prices either, at least not until the job is completed and delivered. This is another power¬ ful factor, and enables the printer to squander fine inks, good paper and the time of the pressman to the end that the result shows care and finish and such sumptuous qualities as a few added cents per pound for paper produces. Credit a printer with such power over his patron as secures carte blanche in the item of expense and in the item of plan and in the item of time, and you give him all the subordinate elements that go to the making of a printer laureate. Let him be an able financier also, and a man capable of assuming the masterful role with the hesitating and the domineering clients equally, and you have the essen¬ tials of success nearly all at hand. Add to this a modicum of good taste, a fairly artistic perception of harmonies, and you have all that is required to produce art printing. Mr. Orr is a disciple of roman types, a disbeliever in display. He produces his results simply. He does not rely greatly upon color, but is a profuse user of half-tones and wash drawings. He does perfect presswork, and is very careful in selecting his type sizes. His work is the best in its line in America ; but his line is as narrow as that of any printer in the world. A person but moderately skilled can name his work at sight. No need for an imprint — “Orr” is stamped on every page. While I am a great admirer of such work as Mr. Orr’s, I cannot recognize in it much that entitles it to special con¬ sideration as being of historic interest or value. It is so seldom original that one may almost dismiss that count, and conclude at once that it is present-day work. By this it is not meant to express criticism, for most printing is the better for being so closely linked to today that tomorrow it is quite outlawed. Its mission is for today, and only for today. It is only books that demand other than this. The Orr style is not trivial enough to be a fad, yet it is not dig¬ nified and original enough to be an enduring fashion. It is, to my mind, like the shirt-waist fashion among the ladies — delicate, exquisite, bewitching, but ephemeral. Mr. Orr conceives a principle that is one of the set that must control the really artistic printer and remorselessly applies it to all that he does. We must have plain roman type, highly finished paper, wash drawings, now and then decorative borderings or backgrounds, touches of ink-color, irreproachable presswork. At times we are allowed lati¬ tude in shape, and we are usually invited to indulge in a cover whose texture and tint add much to the tout ensemble and does its full share in producing a first impression. It is somewhat obligated to a skillful handling of stage lights ; which is no discredit, but which surely reveals in one’s mind a certain misty hesitation when one is forced to declare oneself. I am not certain where we are to look for a nearer approach to the ideal printer laureate than has been selected by this voting contest. Personally, I presume I should travel toward Boston as far as Springfield and seek out Will Bradley at his Wayside Press. But then perhaps there would be another set of limitations discovered, differ¬ ent and differently applying themselves, yet tending to hesi¬ tancy. Bradley is almost the exact antithesis of Orr, but he is able to apply all of Orr’s excellencies to as good effect as Orr himself. Then he is so rudely original that were he not a designer and a colorist we should be forced to cry out for very pain. His work is mostly the exaltation of the coarse and the common, while Orr’s is the refinement of the ordinary. Bradley masters the harmony of paper, ink and type character, and bangs them through the press reck lessly. Yet his work appeals instantly to the artistic taste. THE INLAND PRINTER. 183 It grips ; Orr’s caresses. Some of these near-by future years we will realize that while Mr. Orr has won the lau- reateship, by the grace of the good will and appreciation of his brother craftsmen, the laurel will be Bradley’s by virtue of the insistent force of printing that heeds no rule or pre¬ cept save the true conceptions of the true artist. George French. THE PRINTER AND LEGISLATION. To the Editor ; Mandan, S. D., April 6, 1897. The country publisher can be seriously affected for good or evil, by legislation. My experience in this matter is con¬ fined entirely to the State of North Dakota, and I realize that there is more likelihood of adverse legislation in a new than in an old State. In new States the matter of public expenditures goes with tidal waves — now extrava¬ gance, now economy. When new settlers are coming in, new capital is being invested, the people seem to inhale a sort of extravagance, and they then exhale it, in both pri¬ vate and public expenditures. Then comes the inevitable reaction and everybody feels like economizing. The aver¬ age legislator is prone to economize at every opportunity at the expense of other people. He starts out in his career of lawmaking as a corrector of abuses. He is death on per¬ quisites — that other people get — and he is liable in his ignorance to class as perquisites legitimate expenses paid for publicity. There is in the State of North Dakota an editorial asso¬ ciation which started several years ago with a flourish of trumpets. At the first meetings there were papers read on the subjects usually treated at meetings of editors, a ban¬ quet vvas spread, and to cap the climax, a ball was provided by admiring citizens. Junketing trips were enjoyed mostly by people who would get tickets from the editors entitled to go, but who for reasons did not care to make the trips. Last year it was a public scandal, that considerably more than half the supposed editors who went on the annual junket were lawyers and others who did not know an em quad from a shooting stick, and their editorial friends who gave them their “ courtesies ” are even today advertising the lands of the southern railroads in payment of the transpor¬ tation used up by these law3’ers. The experiences of the newspapers with our late legisla¬ ture, just adjourned, promises to waken the fraternity up to the necessities of the occasion, and there is every reason to believe that the next meeting, to be held the coming sum¬ mer, will develop an energy and determination toward aggressiveness that has heretofore been unknown in this State. As I was present during the entire session, and put in some little time in the interests of the printers, I am in a position to state accurately the way an average legislature is liable to act when dealing with the newspapers. I do so, not for the reason that I think there is any general interest in the doings of a North Dakota legislature to the readers of The Inland Printer, but because I regard our legisla¬ ture as typical, and the plans that were adopted to circum¬ vent the machinations of the enemy may be of interest in other States, where humanity is about the same. First, there came up the matter of payment for the publi¬ cation of th.e delinquent tax lists. These lists come in every county once a year. This legislature, of course, had to revise the general revenue law, as is always the case every two years. For several years the law has provided an abso¬ lute price to be paid for the publication of the tax list — that is to say, there is no bid contemplated by the law. Six years ago the newspapers were strong enough to convince the legislature that a definite price should be fixed per description, and that amount should be paid and charged to the property sold for taxes. This year the promoter of a new revenue law tried to secure a drop in price from 10 cents for town lots and 20 cents for lands, to 5 cents and 10 cents respectively. But not only that, he also provided that “not to exceed’’ these figures should be paid, thus implying that a lower figure than even these might prevail. The House of Representatives, where this new revenue law originated, passed the bill as introduced. When it got into the Senate, however, the committee heard the newspaper men in attend¬ ance, and they put it back to 10 cents and 20 cents, and struck out the “ not to exceed ’’ feature. The bill passed as amended by the Senate. Here was one particular in which the newspaper men got in their work to good advantage. In this State there has been on the statute books for sev¬ eral years a law to the effect that each school treasurer must publish, annually, a financial statement of his school district. This statement shows what money has been received, what expended, and the purposes for which expended. The price to be charged for these statements is legal rates, amounting to from $3 to $5 each. Everybody, one would suppose, could see that such a law is a direct benefit to the taxpayer, who ought to know where his money goes. The law does not require the proceedings of the school boards to be published, and this publication of the financial statement is the only information the public gets of what has been done with their money. But some of the school treasurers in Cass County objected to the waste (?) of public money in the publication of these Photo by Steckel, Los Angeles, Cal. Two Roses. statements. So a member named Sargent brought in a bill cutting out the publication feature. It passed the House. Members whose election was due to the newspapers — who had promised individual editors what they would do for them if they had the chance voted without any compunc¬ tion of conscience for the Sargent bill, and it went to the Senate. There the newspaper men got it held up for a few 184 THE INLAND PRINTER. weeks in the committee. But during- the last two or three days of the session the author of the bill, whose other bills had been killed, interested his senator in this measure, and began to insist on the committee reporting his bill. At this time I approached Mr. Sargent, and pointed out to him that the newspapers of the State believed that he was making himself too persistent against them ; that he could not afford, if he ever desired to take a prominent place in poli¬ tics, to antagonize the press, and that I had an amendment to suggest. It was to make the publication of these state¬ ments mandatory, but to provide that the treasurer should furnish the newspaper with a list of the taxpayers in the district, and a copy of the paper containing the notice should be mailed to each taxpayer free of charge. This amendment suited Mr. Sargent ; the bill was -passed with this amendment. But the newspaper men followed the bill into the governor’s hands, and that official, once a news¬ paper man himself, vetoed it. One friend of the newspapers introduced a bill requiring county auditors to publish the official count of the votes cast at each general election. This was a reasonable measure, and would tend to prevent frauds ; but it was killed, as the newspaper men were not powerful enough to urge it through. In this State we need a measure requiring the State authorities to publish the laws in the newspapers immediately after the legislature adjourns. The people are now living under recently enacted laws, concerning whose provisions they are ignorant. Besides, it will tend to edu¬ cate the public on the laws under which they live to have them published in their newspapers. The publishers of this State are alive to their duties to themselves after the experiences they have had during the late session of the legislature. Farmers are not backward in asking candidates for the legislature as to what position they will take on the herd laws, on cinching the railroads, and other matters of interest to the agriculturist. It is time that newspaper men should, as a body, secure pledges from candidates for the legislature as to what they will do on matters that are of interest to the fraternity. R. M. Tuttle. A COMPARISON. To the Editor : Omaha, Neb., April 3, 1897. A great many owners of printing offices have an idea that it is a waste of money to keep material in good condi¬ tion and up-to-date. The fact that the work always has been turned out without buying anything new is to them proof positive that nothing new is needed, or ever will be. How often I have heard “ the old man” sing in all its varia¬ tions the song, when sorts could not be found for some reprint job, “ Why, we set, four of that the last time we run it and had plenty of type then. The type is up in some job. You can find it if you look for it.” And then we would look again, and the time spent in looking would amount to more than the office got for the job. To my mind the time of the men is the costliest thing about a printing office ; and I believe that the difference be¬ tween an office that keeps stocked up with plenty of type, leads, slugs, furniture, and the like, and an office that does not, is the difference between success and failure. In an office where good material and enough of it is the rule, when a job is given out it is set up without loss of time. The type is in the cases when not in use, and is not stacked up in tiers on the dead stone. The lead, slug, and rule cases are always well filled. The proofreader marks the bad letters and they are thrown into the hell box, so that when the press proof is shown it is seldom that bad letters are found. J In the always-have-got-along-with-it office, on the other hand, when a job is given to a compositor he takes a crazy stick and goes to the dead stone and rummages around among a pile of scrap leads and slugs till he finds what he thinks will sx')ace the job out after a fashion. Then if he wants any brass rule, he goes to a cigar box on the window sill or to another scrap pile and gets the longest piece he can find, to which he adds one or more shorter pieces until all together they make a string somewhat longer than the length he is after. He then cuts one of the pieces enough shorter so that the lot will make the required length, regardless of whether the several pieces are cut to picas or not — and of course they are not, unless it is accidentally. This operation is repeated until he has enough rule for the job. Then the composition proper is commenced, though enough time has already been consumed to set the job in a well-regulated office. Case after case is ransacked for a line, but nothing except a few Xs, Qs, and the like, is found, and finally, in disgust, he takes a pair of tongs (some polite people call them tweezers) and goes to the dead stone, where a long search discloses a letter he can use, upon which he gets a firm hold and pulls away for dear life, like an old-time dentist pulling teeth. Snap ! — the cussed thing was rusted fast, and he succeeded only in cut¬ ting two great notches in the letter’s face. But he pokes and pries around for a time, and the obdurate letter is finally dislodged and is safely gotten into the stick, along with enough more from the same source to finish his job. Paper, leads, slugs, wrong-font quads, and other miscellaneous articles, are used to justify the lines, and eventually he is ready to take a dirty proof, on dirty paper, with a dirty roller that lost its suction years before, and with muddy ink. In time the job gets to the lock-up (if there is one), who beats it into insensibility with a scarred and battered planer, and with the aid of sundry wedges of wood is at last fortunate enough to get it to lift. Then the pressman gets a crack at it. Print ? Of course not ; but he puts on lots of squeeze and innumerable patches and underlays, and does the best he can, after getting a few of the worst letters changed (those taken out of the form are put back in the case), which necessitates another search through both dead and live jobs for good letters, taking up valuable time in the composing room, besides keeping a press and pressfeeder, and frequently a pressman, idle for half an hour or so. All this waste of time is useless. Someone ynust pay for it, and if the office charges high enough prices to cover the cost of such work it is still losing money, for a time will soon come when the old and worn material and antiquated faces will not do ; but there is no money to buy new mate¬ rial with, all the income having been expended in paying for useless waste of time. And the sheriff ends the agony. But in the up-to-date office the material is in as good condition as when the office started. The work is turned out neatly and quickly, because a part of the money the other fellow devotes to the payment of useless help engaged in “hustling” for material, is expended in the purchase of sorts, renewing fonts, and buying late faces, leads, slugs, brass rule, and the like, as needed ; and there is always a snug balance left to help swell the firm’s profits. So that at the time the sheriff closes the other fellow out the up-to- date man has a plant in prime physical condition, together with a snug bank account. Which is your way of running business ? A. E. Davis. A FRESH LEAP UP STREAM EVERY MONTH. The Inland Printer is always a source of surprise. Its quality appears to take a fresh leap up stream every month. Excellently written articles on all subjects for printers of all branches, beautiful illustrations, and last — but by no means least — wonderfully attractive ads., make up a total of printorial beauty that cannot be equaled any¬ where. — Scottish Typographical Circular. THE INLAND PRINTER. 185 E. ST. ELMO LEWIS — ADVERTISING. SOME favorable comments have lately appeared in these columns on the specimens of work sent out from the Advertisers’ Ag’ency, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the colloquial catchword used by the agency, “Ask Lewis About It,’’ has been accepted as a suggestion to say something of the gentleman responsible for the agency’s success. We are indebted to Mr. Retlaw H. Scott for the subjoined interview with Mr. Lewis : “An advertising man must know his fellow-man, and then he must know as much as may be of everything his fellow-man knows.’’ That is how Mr. Lewis summed up his requirements of a successful advertising man. And I am not disposed to quarrel with the opinion. Mr. Lewis has summed up in it his own theory of action, and inasmuch as Mr. Lewis is generally accorded the prestige of a highly successful advertising man, analysis, if unfavorable, would be stultified. It was back in the seventies that Mr. Lewis was born, of good old Pennsylvania Quaker stock on his mother’s side, of the line that gave America her first botan¬ ist, John Bartram, honored of Lafayette and Washington ; and on his father’s side of Welsh ancestry, settled in the Old Dominion. Mr. Lewis was educated under private instruction at first, then at one of Philadelphia’s foremost private academies, whence he entered, after passing the pre¬ liminary examinations for the Philadelphia bar, the Law Department of the University of Pennsylvania. He spent two years and a half there, studying business law, then engaged in the printing and publishing business after a prolonged tour of the South and of Central America. For two 3-ears he was actively engaged in the art pre¬ servative, making some of the best work in his line, printing for street-car advertisers and in the way of booklets and folders. In the summer of 1896 he was given the control of several large lines of advertising, and, taking offices where he now is, he soon found his whole time and attention taken up with the work of advising, planning, writing and design¬ ing advertising matter for the largest advertisers in this country. Few advertising men have achieved so widespread and high a reputation in such a short time, and, from the success with which all his work has been attended, few have more deserved the good that has been said of them. Mr. Lewis said recently, when asked for a recipe for success, “ Brains and printers’ ink in about equal propor¬ tion. Give a man with brains a thousand dollars’ credit with his printer, and a couple of hundred dollars to pay his way through the mails, and he has the nucleus of a fortune.” “ How ? ” was asked. Mr. Lewis smiled. Mr. Lewis charges $10 to talk with those who ask such questions, and one’s curiosity is sometimes overweening to that extent. But I have heard no one grumble that he did not get his money’s worth. WALTER N. BRUNT, SAN FRANCISCO. The San Francisco printers who have thus far been presented to the readers of The Inland Printer have been of the old guard — the pioneers. The young men have not yet had an inning, although there are several of them who rank high among the employing printers of the city and State. No one has made a greater success in the business, or grown from so small a beginning, as Wal¬ ter N. Brunt. This gentle¬ man was born in San Fran¬ cisco in 1863, and is thus but thirty-four years old. He served some time at the print¬ ing business with John F. Hughes, an eccentric printer whom the old residents re¬ member well, and afterwards with the California Cigar Box Factory on colored labels only. But Mr. Brunt was too ambitious to work for other people, so on August 15, 1881, he opened a small office on his own account at 508 Sacramento street. The following April he entered into a partnership with C. W. Fisher, and the office was moved to 509 Bush street, where two or three platen presses were added. The young firm began buying out and absorbing other small printing offices, the most ambitious move of this kind being the purchase of the Laing & Manning office, at 518 Clay street. To this loca¬ tion they then moved, in 1887, and the business grew rap¬ idly. At the same time the business was incorporated as the Brunt & Fisher Company. A year later Mr. Brunt bought the stock of those interested with him, since which time he has been sole owner and manager of the business. The specialty of this establishment has long been societ3' printing, and more than five hundred designs have been originated. These designs include cards, menus, badges, souvenirs, and everything used by lodges or lodge men. Two million cards are kept in stock, while many of the designs are protected by patent. Naturally there have been imitators, but no competitors in this field. Catering to lodge and society work, Mr. Brunt has become identified with most of them — is a Knight Templar, a 32° A. A. S. R., member of the Mystic Shrine, Odd Fellows, Knights of 186 THE INLAND PRINTER. Pythias, Native Sons of the Golden West, etc. He has been more prominently identified with the cyclists of California than any other organization or order. The establishment occupies three floors at 535 and 537 Clay street, and is particularly well equipped for its special work. At the same time a great deal of book and catalogue work is turned out, and fully a dozen periodicals, including the Pacific Union Printer and the Trestle Board. The machinery embraces a full equipment of cylinders and platen presses, cutters, bronzing machine, etc., and fifty persons are regularly employed. Having a specialty, his work naturally excels. The business of Walter N. Brunt is convincing proof that when intelligently handled there is money in printing. It is not an occupation that returns sudden riches, but insures a fair profit and steady increase. Neither can it be said that the business is run for the benefit of the type founder and press builder. The best and most successful printers invest liberally in novelties and improvements while yet novelties. They do not wait until styles are on the wane before adding them to their plants, nor do the}' buy discarded machinery at any price. Mr. Brunt is unmarried and essentially a club man, although his engagement to a San Francisco lady is announced and the marriage will take place May 13. Written for The Inland Printer. A PRESS REPRESENTATIVE’S TRIP EAST. BY F. PENN. OUR Western friend, Mr. Henry Shaw, had just enjoyed a stop-over at Niagara. He had “done” the Falls thoroughly, from the Cave of the Winds to the seeth¬ ing Whirlpool, and was now boarding the New York train with something of the feeling that, so far as scenery and enjoyment were concerned, the orange was sucked dry, at least until the metropolis was reached. As he sank back in the cushions, and his eye took in the soft carpets and the beautiful mahogany finish, the domed roof, the bur¬ nished lamps and the general luxuriousness of his sur¬ roundings, he began to yield to the delightful sense of comfort that crept over him. “The ‘Black Diamond Ex¬ press’ is certainly all that is claimed for it,” he mused to himself. A file of daily papers is offered him by the porter, who also invites him to enjoy at his leisure the magazines and the library, where, in case he has correspondence to finish, the writing tables, with their supply of stationery, are at his service. Buffalo was now an hour away, and the noon mealtime had arrived with all its appetizing suggestions. Dinner is announced as ready in the caf^ car, and he orders, a la carte. Cayuga Lake Beach. a plentiful repast, with all the delicacies of the season, and then joins a genial group in the smoking room, fragrant with Havanas. With them he is quite ready to indulge in fitting compliments for the “Handsomest Train in the World,” and to praise the elegant appointments provided by the Lehigh Valley road for the gratification of its patrons. He gets up, yawns contentedly, and gazes down Falls, Glen Onoko. the long vista through the entire length of the solid vesti- buled train. He decides upon an after-dinner stroll. As his promenade takes him from one car to another, his eye enjoys the varied styles and appointments of each compart¬ ment of this wonderful traveling inn. In the fore end of the cafd car is the baggage room, treated in whitewood and grained ash, and the library, smoking and eating rooms, each in their appropriate wood and color. The parlor car, rich in Mexican mahogany, looks cozy with pivotal easy chairs, and the passenger coaches are no less pleasant, well- lighted as they are with broad windows, with smoking rooms and other unusual equipments. Last of all comes the observation car — a veritable recreation room, so to speak. Here are lounges, writing tables, library, daily and weekly papers, and magazines and the lookout in the rear. Our friend Shaw had to remind himself that all this con¬ densed elegance was on wheels, and that the ground was rolling away from under him at the rate of a little less than a mile a minute. The landscape panoramas that were reel¬ ing off in rapid succession grew more and more striking and beautiful and promised indefinite entertainment. Their picturesqueness is suggested by the accompanying cuts, which were courteously furnished by the Lehigh Valley Company. The train was now hugging the shore of Lake Cayuga, one of those charming “finger lakes” of Central New York. Now the lovely Susquehanna flows placidly beside the track, winding its way through the foothills and higher and more frowning spurs that indicate a near approach to the Alleghanies. Now there is a dash into some THE INLAND PRINTER. 187 g-len of historic beauty, em¬ bowered in foliage and flow¬ ers. Mountain begins to pile upon mountain, and the puff¬ ing engine tells of harder grades, while the increasing number of coal and iron dumps tell their story of this laboratory and storehouse of Nature. Down Lehigh Gap into the Valley, after which the railroad is so aptly named, and then, as the wa¬ ters begin to grow in volume, the sculpture of the land be¬ comes less’ abrupt. At last the broad Delaware is crossed and the plains of New Jersey, historic with the scenes of the Revolution, roll into view, dotted with pictur¬ esque hamlets of suburban homes. When Mr. Shaw stepped from the train at Jersey City he was thoroughly rested and refreshed. The performance of Nature begun at Niagara had been extended into an afternoon matinee which could be attended amid all the artificial refinements of civilization. He had stood on the lakeshore at noon and, with the help of a locomotive, on the seacoast in the evening, but that did not seem to impress him so much as did the genius and careful planning that could fit up a palatial residence on wheels so equipped to entertain and to recreate the modern traveler as the “ Black Diamond Express.” PROOFROOM NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY F. HORACE TEALL. It is the purpose in this department to allow for a full and satis¬ factory discussion of every matter pertaining to the proofroom and to proofreading. The contributions, suggestions, and queries of those specially interested are cordially invited hereto, and no effort will be spared to make the answers to queries authoritative and the depart¬ ment in general of permanent value. Leaders. — W. E., Denver, Colorado, writes: “In the returns of the Printer Laureate contest, on page 611 of the March issue of The Inland Printer, I notice that periods are used for leaders, and that a comma imme¬ diately precedes these leaders. Is this right, and, if so, why?” Answer. — It is right, because all or nearly all good printers use the comma when they do not use regular leaders. Periods or hyphens are most frequently used in this way when there is room enough to arrange them with each one in a line standing half-way between the two above and the two below, or diamondwise. Probably this answer is the first statement in print of a reason for such practice, and it is merely a guess. We may suppose the reason to be that a lighter appearance than that of regular close leaders is desired, and that with so much white space it is thought better to preserve the natural punctuation. A Question of Hard Times. — W. S., Champaign, Illi¬ nois, asks us to choose between the two forms of expression, “ Hard Time Pacts ” and “ Hard Times Facts,” and to give authority for the choice. It is not easy to do so, because both of them are clumsy, and better avoided. The first is not properly usable as quoted, but would be in keeping with established analogy if the first two words were made one, “Hard-time.” Analogy is sufficient authority, and that exists plentifully in such terms as “two-horse wagon,” “ten-foot pole.” The form “Hard Times Facts” is better than the other if no hyphen is used, but even the plural form is better with a hyphen. If the writer read a proof containing one of the two forms, and could not change the wording, he would simply follow copy. A Plural Wanted — German Spelling. — J. E. G., Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, asks these questions; “The appended clipping is from a proof of a college publication, and is part of a class history. It appears as it came from the compositor’s hands. The editor of the annual in which it will appear submitted the first of my ques¬ tions (indicated below) to the presi¬ dent of his college, and though the latter enjoys considerable local prominence as an educator and a Greek scholar, yet was he unable to en¬ lighten us upon this point. ‘ In or¬ atory we have shown our 188 THE INLAND PRINTER. powers, and look forward to the time when the Demos¬ thenes of ’Ninety-eight will sway senates and our Ciceros the political world.’ What is the plural form of ‘ Demos¬ thenes ’ ? The plural is clearly the form the author had in mind while writing it, but I am ignorant of either rule or authority governing such cases. Would you prefer reconstructing the sentence ? To cover our ignorance somewhat, I suggested the following : ‘ In oratory we have shown our powers, and now look forward to the time when ’Ninet3'-eight’a. disciples of Demosthenes will sway senates, and its Ciceros the political world. In the word ‘ Reinoehl ’ (a proper noun), should the diphthong be used ? I stated that it should not be used, and was con¬ tradicted by the editor of this same publication, who said that the president of the college maintained that the diph¬ thong was correct. Though I could quote no authority, yet I believe I am right. The word is a German one, as you will have noticed. The words Schaeffer, Saeger, and Stein- haeuser appear without the diphthong on the same page with the word Reinoehl, yet they passed unchallenged by the editor. Would they not come under the same head as the one mentioned first?” Answer. — The quotation does not seem to show positively that a plural was intended. As there was only one Demosthenes sufficiently famous for the comparison, so the writer might mean only the one best oratorical student. It is not an unnatural inference, though, that the plural was intended. The plural form of ” Demos¬ thenes” is “Demostheneses.” Why hesitate over that any more than over “ Ciceros ” ? A regular English plural is as good for one as for the other. Greek common nouns with the termination es form the plural by substituting ce for that ending, as “ hoplites, hoplitas : hermes, herma;.” Our sec¬ ond example is originally a proper name, but was and is used as a common noun, meaning a bust that may or may not represent the god Hermes ; but this is not a good argu¬ ment in favor of a Greek plural of “ Demosthenes.” The change suggested is not good, because “disciples” is not meant, the intention being merely to note a similarity, and not a studied imitation. In the German name separate let¬ ters should be used, as they represent umlaut interchange¬ ably with a double-dotted vowel without the e ; thus, either “Reinoehl” or “ Reindhl ” is right, but “Reinoehl” is wrong. Your college president must have had the umlaut character (6) in mind, not the ligature (ae), in answering the question. All the names mentioned are amenable to the same decision ; what is right in one is right in all. Style in Date-lines. — F. L. T., Portland, Maine, writes : “I am somewhat disappointed in not getting a more definite answer to my question, ‘ Please give your opinion which is the right form for the date-line, to set the State- name in small caps or in lower-case,’ and your answer is, ‘ The second form is almost universally used.’ This, I sub¬ mit, is not directly stated as j’our ‘ opinion,’ but is simply a statement of what others are doing. If you prefer lower¬ case, will you kindly give your reasons for the preference? I confess I can think of no good reasons for such usage.” Answer. — Here is a case of jumping to a conclusion^ — on the part of the one who wrote the answer. Because the choice of form seemed of slight importance, so long as one form is chosen and consistently used, I thought the state¬ ment of prevalence would suffice. I now give the desired opinion. Small caps for the place and lower-case for the State is preferable, mainly because it is almost universal practice. I never heard a reason given for it, but one that seems good is that the name of the State is of secondary im¬ portance, and therefore properly so treated in type. There are a number of Portlands, for instance, so it is necessary to specify, and this is done by adding a broader geographi¬ cal name, not unimportant in itself, but not part of the name of the place, and standing in a sort of parenthetical of explanatory relation. One who chooses to use small caps for both names, though, does not, so far as I know, violate any canon of logic or taste, and probably a very good rea¬ son could be stated in favor of the form. The choice seems to be unimportant except as a matter of individual concern. It would be bad taste to use both forms in one office ; it does not seem right to censure either of them for permanent use in one office. A Note on Punctuation. — While looking over a freight tariff recently I saw the following paragraphs : “ Jellies, Jams, and Preserves (in buckets or in tin cans, boxed), O. R. leakage and fermentation,” etc. “ Canvas, Corset Jeans, Cottonades, Cotton Warp, Cotton Yarn, Crash (linen or cotton). Domestic Checks,” etc. The paragraphs were punctuated as above. As regards the words inclosed in marks of parenthesis thq examples are punctuated alike. In the second quotation the words in parenthesis clearly refer to the word “Crash” immedi¬ ately preceding them, and as the parenthetical clause in the first example is punctuated in the same manner as the words inclosed in marks of parenthesis in the second para¬ graph, it follows that that clause refers to the word “ Pre¬ serves ” immediately preceding it. And then that word “ boxed ” ; what does it mean ? The clause states that the cans and the buckets must be boxed. As it is now the para¬ graph gives shippers to understand that preserves may be shipped in buckets or in cans, and that both buckets and cans must be boxed, while nothing is said of the sort of packages to be used for jellies and jams, nor whether the packages containing these two articles need be boxed or not. But the information sought to be imparted is that all three articles may be packed in buckets or in tin cans, at the option of the shipper, and that if cans are used for contain¬ ers they must be boxed. If the paragraph had been punctu¬ ated in the following manner there could have been no ques¬ tion as to its meaning : “ Jellies, Jams, and Preserves, (in buckets, or in tin cans boxed,) O. R. leakage and fermentation,” etc. The second example is correctly punctuated, for the words “linen or cotton” only refer to “Crash,” and have no reference to the other items of dry-goods mentioned. I have reproduced it here so that the two paragraphs may be compared. Parenthetical clauses should be punctuated so as to show the author’s meaning, and not, as was evidently the case in the examples cited, according to some so-called “ style-card.” In a late issue of a live-stock tariff I was amused to see the following heading over a rate column : “ Cattle, hogs, and sheep, D. D.” This could mean nothing more nor less than that the rate was for cattle in double-deck cars, hogs in double-deck cars, and sheep in double-deck cars ; but the ordinary stock-car would hardly admit of two decks of cattle, to say nothing of the great reduction in freight-rates — a thing railroads generally do not take kindly to. The meaning becomes clear when the comma after sheep is omitted, thus : “ Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep D. D.” Omaha, Nebraska, 3, 25, 97. A. E. Davis. NEW SHADES IN STATIONERY. One of the most attractive of the new shades is called “ Antique Bronze.” It is an imitation of the verdigris-cov¬ ered bronze of ancient statues and coins. Among the new shades of gray are the “ Pearl Gray ” and the “ Gray Mus¬ keteer,” which are neutral in tone and seem to suit every variety of color in inks. Mauve and a sap green called “ Empire ” seem to be in favor as do two other “ Empire ” papers called “ Fire ” and “ Gold,” the former a red brick and the latter a yellowish red, although neither of these are as attractive as their names might indicate. THE INLAND PRINTER. 189 NOTES ON JOB COMPOSITION. Under this head will appear, each month, suggestive comment on the composition of jobwork, advertisements, etc. Specimens for this department must be clearly printed in black ink on white paper, and mailed to this office, flat, marked plainly, “RALPH.” John B. Jackson, 48 Centre street, New York, submits circular in red, blue and gold, advertising his own business. It is well balanced, nicely printed and worded in such a manner as to convince customers that Mr. Jackson under¬ stands his business. B. S. McKiddy, Princeton, Missouri, sends three samples for review — two letter-heads and a business card. The Frost & Frost letter-head is by far the best specimen, being indeed ; balance first-class. The only criticism we have to make is that the directors’ names are much too large. Small caps would have been much better. Another little point you should never overlook, and that is, where the date line is spaced so as to work on the first ruled line of a heading, never put in the dotted rule. It is superfluous and does not add to the appearance of the heading. In the Benoit & Co. heading there is also room for improvement. If you happen to havp this form standing, it will pay you to work a little overtime and demonstrate it. In the lines “ Bicycles, Tan¬ dems and Sundries,” set the word “and” in Nonpareil Tudor Black. Move the line “ Manufacturing and Repair¬ ing” to the upper right-hand corner and set the street address a trifle smaller. The plan of the Forrest note-head Surest Safest Cheapest Cure in The World THE ESTABLISHED IN 1892 WILLOW BARK COMPANY A PURELY VEUETABLE CURE FOR Never a Single Bad Result Never a Failure DRUNKENNESS MORPHINE OPIUM and TOBACCO HABITS D. M. CUSTER, Medical Director Durham, Mo., 189 ^ plain and neat. The business card is effective, but could be improved upon. It is too “bunchy ’’and the line “Daily Hack to Lathrop” much too prominent. There seems to be a desire on the part of some printers to spread the reading matter all over a heading, using up every available space. Your “Willow Bark” letter-head. No. 1, has this serious fault. Do not do this. White space is too valuable to waste in such a manner. It is not at all necessary. In this instance, it seems to us, in order to make the lack of “ white ” the more complete, you have resorted to the injudicious use is neat, but the words “ office of ” are a trifle too bold and should be moved over to the center of the main line. The pointer does not add anything to the appearance of this heading. There is too much “ sameness ” to your title-page of Cycle Club folder, rendered so by the too copious, injudi¬ cious employment of Tasso. As to the first page of the baseball folder, the type is a trifle large and the faces do not harmonize well. Be careful not to get your catchlines too prominent. We are pleased to know that the previous criticism was of value to you. NEUER A SINGLE BAD RESULT. NEUER A FAILURE. SUREST SAFEST CHEAPEST CURE IN THE WORLD Che iUillou) Bark Co. I. PARKHURST. established in 1892. D. M. CUS'ITR, ncdiail Dii'ccror. A PURELY VEGETABLE CURE FOR DRUNKENNESS MORPHINE OPIUM AND TOBACCO HABITS — 1 Durham. Missouri, .. 189 No. 2. of rule, ornaments, etc. No. 2 will give you an idea of how you should treat a heading that appears to have too much matter. P. L. Huber, with the Carroll County News, Lanark, Illinois, sends three business cards for criticism. As speci¬ mens of rule-bending, they would rank high. The rulework is finished to suit the most exacting taste, the curves and joints being perfect. We cannot say that we approve of so much elaboration in this respect. The rule design on the music house card is an artistic conception in the form of a lyre. The typework on all the specimens is well balanced and effectively displayed. J. M. M., Chicago, Illinois. — The plan of the letter-head of “Butcher and Grocery Clerks’ Journal” is very good, 2-5 J. H. Ritchie, editor Kansas Populist, sends us an ama¬ teurish specimen — a “dodger” — with the following re¬ marks : “ The editor of the Kansas Populist would be pleased if you would criticise the inclosed specimen of - ’s, and suggest improvement.” We hardly know how to interpret this letter after seeing the specimen, which, judging from the stationery the letter was written on, did not emanate from the office of the sender. Any apprentice of six months’ experience could set a better job. We have no time to waste in joking. Gottschalk Printing Company, St. Louis, Missouri, submits a beautiful collection of varied work for criticism. The work is all artistic, from every point of view. Among the number is a programme of the “Annual Reunion of the 190 THE INLAND PRINTER. Army of the Tennessee.” One feature is noticeable — the manner in which the menu is printed. In this class of work the following manner of treatment should be adhered to : The article of food should be in caps, and the manner of serving either in lower case or small caps ; the wine list should be at the right-hand side margin in a different face of type from the menu proper, or printed in another color, or both. Very few printers understand this point, and for this reason we mention it here. The programme referr.ed to above is a model of proper treatment. Pamphlet of the “Mississippi Valley Trust Co.” is excellent, as are also all the other specimens. We would be pleased to review speci¬ mens at any time, and suggest that we be furnished a plain black proof wherever possible, as well as a copy of the finished job, as we sometimes desire to reproduce specimens. W. T. Ridgley, printer. Great Falls, Montana. — Your work, as a whole, is certainly deserving of praise. It is all neat, well printed, and in many instances artistic. We see, in some of your stationery work, that you know the value of white space. This is noticeable in the Webster & Perry letter -head, No. 3, which we reproduce. We do not like the idea of printing a pictorial view on stationery, especially embossing it on both platen and cylinder presses. We have cut and trimmed the male die until it did not smash the grain of the stock, except where the embossed effect was. The idea should be to “throw out ” the embossed work and preserve the appearance of the stock. We consider your jobs of embossing all that could be desired. The job of the Scheneley Riding Academy is excellent, both as regards composition and presswork. The R. W. Jenkinson Com¬ pany catalogue is very neat, as is also the Riding Club’s programme. Kenney & Harrison, Canton, Illinois. — The D. Irving Bath letter-head is peculiar in its wording, and we do not think you could improve the appearance of the job very much. Of course, you might construct it on a different plan by the panel method. But we can see nothing objectionable in it as it is. As to the Spitznagel statement we have only these suggestions to offer ; Move the lines “A. C. Spitzna¬ gel,” “proprietor of,” and the address line, over to the right, and center them with the line “ Canton Roofing and Cornice Works.” This plan will relieve the panel at the left, and give the heading a lighter appearance. The March blotter is all right, and in our judgment you did not make a WEBSTER & PERRY, Manufacturers OF GREAT FALLS. MONTANA. Shippers of CLAY FIRE BRICK, SILICA FIRE BRICK. PRESSED RED BRICK. COMMON BRICK. FIRE CLAY, CONVERTER CLAY, SILICA ROCK, RED AND WHITE SAND STONE No. 3. professional work, and can see no reason why it should be done, unless to please the whim of a customer. We consider the deckle-edge cover, “A Merry Christmas,” exceptionally good. Your brochures are beautiful. F. H. Merwin, Lansing, Michigan. — The folder cover is very neat, with the possible exception of the bar of rule at the bottom. For two years’ experience it speaks very well for your talent. But we cannot correctly judge by one piece of work as to your real capabilities. Printer, Cantril, lowa.^ — Your note-head is neat enough as to plan, but the type for “office of” and “ C. C. Vail, Ed.,” is bad, because it is not plain. It is too hard to read. The type in upper right-hand corner is too large, and should have had one more.lead between the lines. A. A. Bogen, editor Taylor Herald, Taylor, Texas. — Your ads. are excellent, and would not only do credit to a country weekly, but to a city daily or weekly. John McCormick, with the Albany Argus, Albany, New York, says he has received several valuable pointers from criticisms on his work. Judging from the specimens now before us, Mr. McCormick has greatly improved his work. An initial letter in the “ Laundered Shirts ” circular would have been an improvement. This is an excellent job, and a good example of the value of white space. S. N, Kemp, 1112 Pasadena avenue. East Los Angeles, California. — The name “ W. L. Kestner” on the business card is a trifle “weak,” but not too large. Composition well balanced, and sizes of type about right. Mannel, printer, 259 Clay street, San Francisco, Cali¬ fornia, submits specimen of embossed card. It is a beau¬ tiful card, harmonious in colors, and artistic in design. Embossing perfect. O. R. Roschie, with Shaw Bros., Pittsburg, Pennsyl¬ vania. — It is a mistake to emboss Defender cover and “smash it flat ” — that is, so that all effect of the grain is lost. The writer has bad considerable experience with this cover, mistake in using the amount of matter you did ; but it would not be a good plan to follow regularly. However, it is wise to carry out this plan occasionally, but not always with as much matter. Your January and February blotters are beautiful, and should appeal to the artistic taste of anyone in need of printing. Your stationery work is excellent. L. C. Sutton, editor and publisher of the Northern Observer, Massena, New York, sends specimen of monthly blotter. It is very neat and should prove remunerative. Specimens for reproduction must be clearly printed in black ink on white paper. James E. Dee, foreman Democrat, King City, Missouri. — Your ads. are excellent and reflect credit. The plans of composition are all good, up-to-date examples. We under¬ stand your disadvantages, and are pleased to see you make the most of what you have to do with. Of course we will be pleased to review your job composition and make sug¬ gestions with a view to helping you. Ebling & Waeton, Cannonsburg, Pennsylvania. — Your work is all very creditable. “Farmers’ Institute Pro¬ gramme,” type in body of job too large. L. R. Morgan and W. J. Elliott headings type display a trifle too large. Your blotter is excellent. Many of your specimens evidence artistic talent, and we think with close application to minor details you will improve very much. Pleased to render you assistance at any time. Archibald Wells, Newport, Vermont. — For one year’s experience your statement head is very creditable, but the job has its faults. “Stationery” and “Printing” are the important things to bring out in this case. You have made a full display line of “Stationery of Every Description.” This is a mistake. The line pertaining to printing is made secondary to the words “of every description.” You should strive to correct this error in your next job. Albert C. Sumann, printer, 3280 Archer avenue, Chi¬ cago. — Your work is neat and plain. In your own business THE INLAND PRINTER. 191 card, where you use Jenson small cap and cap combination, it would be better to line it up with the larger capital letter than to center it. Cannot see anything radically wrong with the “Band and Orchestra” card. There is nothing very striking about it, but it is doubtless all that it was intended to be. Should you wish to improve it, we would suggest that you make the line “Brighton Park” a trifle more prominent and reduce the space between this and main line, also next line, one lead and set the address in one size smaller type. Lytton Alley, Nashville, Tennessee. — Your work is creditable for one year’s experience. You make unimpor¬ tant catchlines too prominent. The McQuiddy & Notgrass heading would have been much better had you used smaller light-face type for “In account with” and “Dealers in.” The letter-head of Annie W. Lipscomb and bill-head of Mays Bros, have the same fault, which is especially notice¬ able by the border around “Dealers in.” The ornaments on the letter-head did not improve it. Guy H. Perrin, with the Dispatch, Seneca, Missouri, says he has profited much by suggestions in this depart¬ ment. His best specimens are : “ An Evening Wid th’ Irish,” Seneca Dispatch circular, programme, and letter-head of Citizens’ Band. Cannot say that we approve the plan of Campbell note-head, or letter-heads of Seneca Dispatch and J. E. Petree. The Campbell note-head would be all right provided the border was omitted from around the panel and the matter in panel set much smaller. The other headings are entirely too large. “An Evening Wid th’ Irish” is artistic and his very best work. O. C. Parks, Iron wood, Michigan. — Your samples, as a whole, are creditable. The most worthy specimens are ; Invitation of Co. H, Fifth M. N. G.; cover of Public School Library ; bill-head of R. A. Heideman ; letter-head of the Rebate Mercantile Co.; A. F. Lundberg and E. D. Nelson cards. One of the very best jobs of composition is the busi¬ ness card of the News-Record Publishing Co., but the color scheme spoiled the job. We dislike to see an artistic job of type display ruined by lack of judgment in the pressroom. This job has a spotted appearance, caused by too many red initial letters. The bill-head of Twin City Iron Works is too crowded. Do not make a practice of filling every avail¬ able white space on a heading with large type. It is a very bad feature. You had better try this job again on a radi¬ cally different plan, and use smaller type, thereby letting daylight into the job, and above all things, do not spread it all over the heading. The Shakespeare Comedy card is on the same order as the bill-head. It will pay you to reset these two jobs for practice. R. H. Sprague, proprietor of the Sprague Printing Works, Elyria, Ohio, in sending another parcel of speci¬ mens for criticism, says : “ I appreciated your suggestions in a recent issue and have tried to improve on my work.” You have not tried in vain. Your samples show a decided improvement. The stationery is excellent, especially the card and envelope corner. In the bill-head we make this suggestion: Move the initials “C” and “P” about four points nearer the black and take out your metal leaders in “date” and “ sold to” lines, substituting therefor plain light-face rule, or close-dotted brass rule. Marcus D. Hoerner, with the Harrisburg Publishing Company, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. — Certainly your work will “stand criticism.” You need never be ashamed to show it. Of course, there are some elements in a few jobs that you should strive to eliminate. We refer to the three cover jobs. Too much ornamentation has proved disas¬ trous. This is especially true on the Teachers’ Institute cover. To make a better job of this, you should move the main line down to the center, place a band of border at the top to match the one at the bottom, do away with the rule above and below the main line, and then arrange the matter above the panel in such a manner that it will balance the job. The whole assortment of samples, with the exception of the covers spoken of above and the C. Martin card, rank high and we have only words of commendation for them, both as to composition and presswork. A. E. Pelton, Woodbine, Iowa. — The samples you refer to are not “cityfied.” They are very ordinary — in fact, inferior — with the exception of the plan of composition on “Cottage Hotel” card, which is very good. Poor press- work helps to ruin many a job and it did so in this instance. Your own work is very neat. Good, neat printing will please a customer nearly every time. Never allow doubtful ornamentation to enter the plan of any job. You are on the right track. Henry D. Taft, with the Roanoke Press, Riverhead, New York. — Your samples are very artistic, especially the two programmes of the Jessie Couthoui Concert Company, Kellogg Bird Carnival and Concert Company and Temple Male Quartette. We have no criticism to make on your work and only words of commendation to offer. Would be pleased to review your work often, but must stipulate that we be furnished a clearly printed black proof on white paper, as well as a specimen of the finished job. Lavern W. Brooks, Bloomington, Wisconsin. — The Fischer statement is bad, because “dealer in” is made equally prominent with the line of goods carried in stock. The only fault with the Calkins statement is the ornaments at ends of rule. Take them out and you will have a good job. The two cards are very good indeed. You should be careful and not permit aniline colors to be used on station¬ ery work, except where it is designed to be copied. We see that your envelope possesses this very objectionable feature. Henry G. Pike, Hot Springs, South Dakota. — The main cause of your card “rubbing” is due to the coating on the litho board. We have had an experience almost identical, but not quite so bad. A small quantity of boiled linseed oil mixed in the ink would, in a measure, overcome your trouble. George W. Cook, Long Branch, New Jersey, says : “ Inclosed you will find samples of improved note and bill¬ head, which I set according to your directions. When you criticise a small printer you should make allowance for his being handicapped with insufficient material.” We always take into consideration the point you mention and give the compositor the advantage every time. When we look at a piece of work we imagine that the visible material was all that he had to work with. This was true in your case, as you have, on a different plan, with the same material exe¬ cuted a very nice job, whereas before it had many faults. Your stationery now is very neat and we have no sugges¬ tions to make. The “balance” is excellent and the type harmonious. George S. Murphy, Mount Vernon, Ohio. — Your work is quite creditable, considering the experience you have had. You have plenty of room in which to improve, how¬ ever. Your own stationery is very faulty. It has a harsh appearance and is not harmonious. The use of law italic on office stationery is inexcusable, and the ornamentation entirely out of place. The plan is also bad. Do not strive for “ loud ” effects. Try a note-head on this plan : In some plain, neat type, in the center of the heading, place your name, immediately underneath your business, in a trifie smaller face type than your name. Now, in light-faced nonpareil, place in the upper left-hand corner the words “With the Daily News,” and in the opposite corner the address. Use some suitable type for the date line. In the W. A. lies card the style type employed for the name 192 THE INLAND PRINTER. should not be tolerated, because it is misleading The cap¬ ital “I” is too near like a lower case “1.” This would have been a nice, neat job, had you set Mr. lies’ name in plain type and set “Mount Vernon, Ohio,” in some other type than law italic. Do not use such heavy rule for under¬ scoring lines as you used in the Brent letter-head. J. S. Hotchkiss, Oakland, California. — The plan of Poullain Bros.’ card is good, but small, plain type should have been used for the two names. The word “ Brothers” should have been spelled out in order to make the line of proper length. “Lofts” should have been much smaller and moved over and above the street address. Your busi¬ ness card is anything but good. The words “ bill-heads ” and “envelopes” should be in small, plain type. Your name should be moved down nearer the center of the card. “ Artistic Card Printer ” should be a smaller and shorter line. “Fine Business Cards” should be smaller, and “Orders Promptly Attended To” much less prominent. When you buy type again shun fantastic letters. Buy plain, neat type which there is no mistaking when you see a letter. The red on your card only added to its already too crowded appearance. J. F. Short, with the Mysell-Rollins Company, 22 Clay street, San Francisco, California, submits sample No. 4 for criticism. The only criticism we have to make is on the ornamentation about the panel. It is just a trifle profuse. But we think well enough of the job to reproduce it, because the plan is excellent and will suggest to many puzzled com¬ positors the plan of utilizing the first two or three words in a paragraph of a circular to good advantage. L. T. Rogers, Hillsboro, Texas. — Two many of your jobs are over-ornamented. Do not waste your white space in this manner. To improve the Hooper note-head, take the ornaments off each end of “office of,” take the two orna¬ ments out in the next line. Set “J. J. Hooper, Manager,” in nonpareil. In the next line remove ornaments between the words. Then place the two names in the upper left- hand corner. This plan of putting an ornament between the words in a heading is very bad. You seem to have an idea that it is necessary to fill every particle of space on a heading with type. This is a great mistake. Break up your wording more. Place your unimportant, or sec¬ ondary, sentences or lines in some convenient place, away from the main display, in such a manner that it will not detract from the main portion of a heading. It is always a good plan to use light-face, small type for this purpose. Study and make the best possible use of the material you have at hand. David S. Williamson, of the Brooklyn Citizen Job Rooms, Brooklyn, New York, sends the souvenir menu of Brooklyn Typographical Union, No. 98, for criticism. It is very artistic. Four leaves of heavy cardboard are printed in panels with as many tints, bordered with gold bronzed rule. In each panel the type matter is printed in ink of a darker shade than the tint. The whole margin is studded with Jleurs de lis worked in bronze. The four corners are tied together with gold tinsel, surmounted on the front by a linotype matrix “M,” indicative of “machine,” and on reverse side by a 36-point Mural cap “T” for the “type” branch of the trade, thus signifying that the machine and type branches were equally well represented. The card was designed and supervised by Mr. Gene C. Holton, superintendent of the Citizen Job Rooms, and was executed by Mr. David S. Williamson. The work reflects much credit on both these gentlemen. Mr. Henry Nelson’s press- work is not one bit behind the work of the other gentlemen. The letter-head is original and artistic. Would be pleased to see more of your work. PRICES FOR JOB PRINTING. Newspaperdom contains the following suggestions on job printing prices in newspaper offices, given at the annual meeting of the Michigan Press Association, by D. H. Bower, publisher and proprietor of the Buchanan (Mich.) Record : First, have some kind of a fixed price list, and have sand enough to stick to that list. It may seem aggra¬ vating to have a job get away from you and to see “ the other fellow ” capture it, now and then, but stiffen up your back¬ bone, and you will win in the long run. Second, encourage a sentiment among the readers of your newspaper to patronize a newspaper job office. When you have turned out an exceptionally nice piece of work, tell your readers all about it. Do not be afraid of using printers’ ink to boom your business. You should practice what you preach. Third, do not engage in cutting prices with competing offices in your town or city. Nothing is ever gained by cut¬ ting prices, such a policy being simply suicidal. The bet¬ ter way to do is to turn out a better class of work from your plant than is turned out by your competitor. Fix your prices at a reasonable figure, and then adhere strictly to them. Fourth, establish an individuality about the work turned out by your office, always trying to fill each order promptly, as promised, and, if possible, in a little better shape than the preceding one. Use good paper and the very best inks you can afford in a job. Many a fine piece of composition has been completely spoiled by cheap paper and inks, many times making the work of holding the customer much harder. BENEFIT OF THE INLAND PRINTER TO AN APPRENTICE. I wish to give you my sincere thanks for the practical instructions received from studying your wonderful monthly. I subscribed for it last October and have more than got my money’s worth already. — H. Irving Bean, Bristol, New Hampshire. THE INLAND PRINTER. 193 Written for Thb Inland Printer. THE ART OF TYPEMAKING. Anew font of type that has just come from the foundry bears the label, “Old Style.” The wrapper is taken off, and the bright letters stand in symmetrical rows on the galley ready to distribute. What assurance has the printer that this type, that now lo6''''s so regular, will not vary a hair’s breadth, and so make oh mar his work. For a variation of nine one-thousandths of an inch in one letter of the font will make a ;, comprising say 2,000 of these bits of metal, unreadable by the time a dozen lines are set up. Ah ! he has the reputation and skill of the modern type founder, with his army of expert workmen to guar¬ antee the geometrical accuracy of every type from dot to dollar mark. But let us go back a little, say as far as the time when Jenson cast the type from which our old style was patterned. To be a printer in those days carried with it all the labor and responsibility of designing and manufac¬ turing the type to be used in an office. No wonder the printers called it “That Divine Art,” for to produce one of those magnificent old tomes that were the prized possession of the nobility and church in the Middle Ages meant the mas+ery of many difficult arts. Not only were the early printers their own editors and writers, not only must they be accomplished in diplomacy to escape the hampering restrictions of governments, but they must be their own press builders, and they must add to the art of composition, the artistic and skilled attainments of letter designer, punch cutter, and type founder. To have conceived the idea of movable type does not entitle Gutenberg to the honor of inventorship, according to De Vinne. This idea had actually been suggested several centuries earlier. But to make a type mold that would work in practice, that would turn out whole fonts of type with perfectly uniform bodies aligning with exactness — that was the rub, and there lay the glory. The typecaster, as he was called, was therefore a most important member of the staff of the early printer-publishers. Sometimes he used the punches and matrices laboriously made by the master printer himself ; sometimes, as the old account books show, the punches were purchased outright from some other — and perhaps more famous — printer. In the cut appears a gentleman who served as typecaster in one of the sixteenth- century offices. He was sketched as he was in the act of casting, by Just Ammon, then issuing an illustrated work called “The Book of Trades,” that later became very popular. In the one hand is a mold into which he pours from a ladle the molten metal 1 ■' heated in the furnace before him. His punches can be seen on the table at his side. The finished type drop into the basket at his feet. It is interesting to note that this same simple hand mold, altered but little in detail, remained in constant use for almost 400 years, a striking example of the slow growth of invention in the printing industry up to the present century. The picture on page 83 of The Inland Printer for April showed molding by hand as practiced at the beginning of this century by Binny, the noted Amer¬ ican founder. But the typecasters sit no longer in one corner of the job office. They have swarmed off by themselves, and have set up great establishments of their own. We are fortunate in having one of these modern plants spread out before us in the lavishly pictured description just issued as a souvenir under the title “One Hundred Years,” by the MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan branch of the American Type Founders’ Company, through whose courtesy we are able to furnish a number of our illustrations. This book contains much information of intrinsic interest and value on type founding, a subject that printers are not, as a rule, familiar with. For the benefit of those who may not see this handsome work we review the steps, here set forth, in the art of type founding as conducted at one of the largest plants in the world. The queen cell of this beehive of industry is the engrav¬ ers’ room. Here are assembled the experts upon whom rest the responsibility of creating the graceful designs and fault¬ less proportions that help, more than anything else, to build up the reputation of the type founder. Here begins the first in the long series of processes that is to transform a mean metal into an “eloquent tongue of civilization.” And the master key that is to set free the legions of type is the steel punch, or die, the first of the four figures shown herewith. The engraver, who is an artist, and knows both his tools and materials thoroughly, holds this bit of well-annealed steel under his lens and laboriously picks and cuts with his graver until the end grows into the clear definition of a letter. He experiments with it in soft copper, and makes many remeasurements and corrections before the desired perfection is reached. The matrix is now to be made from the finished punch. This is done very simply. One “drive,” as it is technically called, sinks the outlines of the letter into a short bar of copper, the bur raised round the edges by the drive is 194 THE INLAND PRINTER. smoothed away, and the mat¬ rix, as shown in the cut, is ready to be placed in the mold for casting. The pri¬ vate marks of the founder are added at one end of the matrix for the purpose of identifica¬ tion. For making matrices of large cored type the electro¬ type method has been found to be most efficient. For this, instead of using a punch of hard steel, the letter is cut on a bar of soft metal, which is then placed in the copper bath. A shell of copper is deposited on the face, and when lifted off becomes in turn a matrix. The advantage of this method is that the matrices for whole fonts, ornaments, etc., can be made at one time and very inexpensively. It would not produce, however, the sharpness of outline required for script, italic, or other thin faces. The matrix, it must be remembered, forms but one side of the mold. In casting it gives only the face of the letter. This, after all, is but a small part of what is essential to the complete type. There are yet the four sides to be standard as well as the height, else the product will not be a uniform interchange¬ able body. It is a deli¬ cate matter to make a mold that will meet these exacting condi¬ tions. The molten metal subjects it to extremes in temper¬ ature that have to be allowed for with the same skillful¬ ness that a marks¬ man takes into ac¬ count the variable velocity of the wind. The two pieces of steel that held the matrix of the old and simple hand mold is now a mechanism of twelve or thirteen parts, made of hardened templet steel, perfectly ground, and screwed together with mathematical accuracy, and weighing about a pound. We learn that the variation of the one ten-thousandth part of an inch in the gauge of a mold is sufficient to condemn it. With equal care are all the minor points of the mold attended to. The cutting of each of the nicks requires the time of an expert a full hour, so essential is it to gain accuracy and to guard against burs in casting. The pin point must be adjusted exactly to the pin mark, else the type cannot be lifted out and dis¬ charged. The jet hole must be just the right size, or the molten metal may become chilled even in the minute space of time that it must fill the depths of the mold. The cut at the head of the page shows the mold as it appears with the matrix removed and the cast type ready to eject. The other cut is of one side of the mold, the half that pro¬ duces the nicks. These molds, as can be imagined, form, with the punches, the most valuable of a type founders’ resources. Not only are they kept in fire- One Side of Moi proof vaults, but the birth and history of each one is care¬ fully registered. Everything is now ready for the casting. In the metal vaults in the basement, the lead, antimony, and other in¬ gredient metals are melted and thoroughly mixed before . they are brought up to ma¬ chines by which they are to be teased into final shape. In the olden time, this molten metal would have been poured from a little kettle direct into the hand mold, and the caster would then have given a dexterous jerk to throw the metal into all the recesses of the matrix, and with another quick throw has dislodged the newly made letter type. But the old method of turning out only two or three thousand types, or about ten pounds per day, could not hold its own against the modern, all but human, machine that delivers finished type at the rate of 80,000 pieces, or a hundred Automatic Typecasting Machine. pounds per day, for a factory whose total output is a million pounds per year. The hand casting machines were the first to supersede the primitive mold. The largest foundries have as many as sixty of these machines in constant operation. They are simple in construction, but are still the best machine for large job type requiring much metal, and for small orders, as they can be more quickly changed from one body to another, and otherwise more easily handled, than the more improved steam and automatic machines. Body type is made principally on the steam casting ma¬ chine, but within the last few years the automatic machine has come into use. This is indeed a wonderful invention. It does what no other machine can do — turns out with the precision of clock work, type all rubbed, finished and dress¬ ed, ready for the compositor’s case, and at the same time re¬ duces the amount of imperfect type from five per cent to one- eighth of one per cent. The type is now ready for ), Showing Nicks. the finishing operations. The THE INLAND PRINTER. 195 Dressing Type. jet of metal at the foot of the type is first removed by boys called “breakers,” grooves are then cut in the bottom to make the feet, and the bur or other roughnesses are smoothed off by the dressers, who rub and polish each type on the flat circular stones before which they are seated, as shown in the illustration. Before any type can go into circulation, it must pass the rigorous censorship of the “picker,” who, with magnifying glass, examines each letter for flaws and blemishes. Finally comes the interesting work of assembling the type and the making up of fonts. The smaller sizes, to 12-point, are delivered to the stockroom in packages, the larger-sized bodies on wooden galleys, and job letters in bulk. The “dividing” is done by boys according to fixed schemes, the proportions being based upon the number of A’s, in the manner so well known to the printing craft. It undergoes a fifth examination, this time to see if the pro¬ portion of the font is right, and is then taken from the “layout” tables in small galleys to the wrapping tables, where the font is wrapped and labeled, not to be opened to the light of day until it reaches its final destination. Mr. Benjamin Franklin, Jr., of Typoville, is gazing con¬ tentedly on his new purchase of a font of Old Style. He knows he can receive by the next shipment, provided his credit is good, a hundred other equally attractive faces, or an entire new dress for his newspaper. Perhaps we had better leave him musing on what he would have done had he been a printer in the days of Columbus. Doubtless his reflections will lead him to congratulate himself that in these days an old-fashioned typecaster is not on the pay roll of the up-to-date printing office, and that, without the trouble of owning it, a million-dollar type plant is at his command. LIKE A COMPASS TO THE MARINER. The Inland Printer, of Chicago, is ever welcome to the Herald's^ as it should be to every other newspaper desk in the country. Artistically and typographically, it is supreme among publications of the kind, while in the qual¬ ity of its matter and in its usefulness to those for whom it is especially intended, it easily outranks all others. A printer without this journal is almost like a mariner with¬ out his compass.— Herald, Syracuse, N, V. PRINTING AND PUBLICITY PROBLEMS. BY MUSGROVE. Herein will be criticised each month samples of printing intended to make publicity for the users thereof. The samples will be criticised from the technical point of view of the printer and the advertising expert. All samples for this department should be marked “MUSGROVE.” I WISH for the July talk samples of circulars and folders, also posters and show cards, that my readers, advertisers or printers may have used or printed during the past two months. I want to have the best for reproduction, with full credit, in this department. I want the printers to write me about the work they send, and I want the advertiser to do the same. The little personal touch often gives me the insight that- otherwise I should be deprived of. Send every¬ thing to me, care of The Inland Printer. The Bowker Fertilizer Company issues something unique in the way of a booklet about fertilizers. They use a fine half-tone on the first inside page, and then they cut out the cover so as to give the picture the effect of having a picture mat placed around it. The picture represents two farmers at rest, talking to each other, in the middle of a plowed field, and is evidently photographed from life. On the mat — as I shall call it — or cover beneath the picture is the legend, “ Planting Time.” The idea is excellent and can be utilized by printers to the advantage of their custom¬ ers. Inside the booklet is well written and well printed. The only adverse criticism I would make would be relative to the use of wire staples. Wire staples always spoil a booklet unless it contains thirty-two pages or more. And one other point, the line engraving used in the text is not on a par with the half-tone. Advertising matter should be con¬ sistently good. Half and half is worse than all bad. It con¬ veys a suspicion of accident in doing the good and ignorance in the other. Be careful of the little things. We are accustomed to consider that English printers have much to learn. Well, the rank and file have, in the matter of fashionable printing, and really tasteful and artistic type designing. Now and then, however, I receive from across the pond examples of printing that one might say are quite American. Mr. A. Arthur Reade, Stockport, England, sends me a batch of brochures and pamphlets that are quite up to the standard of our best American printers. PiCKi.vG Out Imperfect Type. 196 THE INLAND PRINTER. Here is a booklet printed at the DeMontfort Press, Man¬ chester, which Mr. Reade calls “ Publicity : How to Obtain It.” The cover is a wove antique, olive green, and the type is a unique face in dark green. It is 8% inches long by 8)4 inches wide. Inside there are four pages, printed on enam¬ eled paper, in red and green. Mr. Reade says truly, among other things, in an interview reprinted from the British Printer : “What other method of publicity have you tried ?” we queried of Mr. Reade. “ Come, now, you’re a bit too inquisitive,” he replied ; “ but as there is nothing- original in it, there can be no harm in telling you : I tried house-to- house distribution of leaflets.” “Then you believe in that method of securing publicity ? ” “ Most decidedly ; it is the most direct way of reaching the people. The drawback to its effectiveness is that business men won’t go to the expense of good printing. They think that anything is good enough to give away. In this matter they make a stupid blunder. At least twenty circulars or bills are left at every house weekly. As a rule, they are never read, but are consigned to the fire or to the dust bin. But an original circular, or a bright one, or a picture, would be read and circulated.” “ Ah, you are up-to-date. If you can only succeed in impressing this upon business houses throughout the country, British printers will erect a statue to your memory.” “ I don’t want a statue, but ” ~ as he rose and carefully deposited in the w. p. b. the coifple of papers he had been “ illustrating ” with our blue lead — “ I do want opportunities for printers with good ideas and taste.” And to this we gave an emphatic Amen. I AM in daily receipt of letters from printers all over the United States complaining: “Advertisers will not pay a fair price for good printing — they want everything so cheap,” as one of them recently put it. I asked him how he got his orders ; what method he pursued to obtain the patronage of advertisers over the efforts of his competitors. I found that he used the time-tried arguments, “ better facil¬ ities, better work,” and then he came down to the plane of trying to beat the other man’s price. Tell me, if you do not educate the user of printers’ ink in the use of good printing by showing him, by example, wherein good printing gives better results, how can you expect to convince him that price is not the prime essential ? My printer friends, you must put something into your work that the other man cannot put into his. You must cater to your clientage. The users of printers’ ink nowadays want ideas more than anything else. They want brains, and the printer who will study his client’s business, work out an idea, make a good price on it, go to his client and present it, is the man who is going to get the orders, while the lower- price man figures and figures. Press work is mechanical, composition varies but little, paper has a value — any printer can supply all of these at a certain sum and make a profit. He may be able to do it cheaper than you can. But if you can do as good work and do the thinking for your client besides, you have a tremendous advantage. Every day I have printers calling on me. They want my printing. They all talk price — they never talk anything else, except in a general way. If I talk price and commence to compare estimates, no doubt they go away and say I do not appreci¬ ate good work on a fair margin of profit. I know what I want, and as I ask the printer to do nothing but the mechan¬ ical work I do not pay him for any fictitious value. But there are hundreds of advertisers throughout the country who do not know what they want. The up-to-date printer will suggest, and he will be able to carry out his suggestions. If it is a booklet, the up-to-date printer will be able to write one, illustrate it and deliver it complete. The client will appreciate it if it is good. The service will be unique — something Cheap Jones does not give, and can¬ not give. It is in that sort of service that printers will find old-time profits again. But if you talk your price against your competitor’s price you can depend upon it your possi¬ ble customer will not think of anything else but price. Be careful when you copy another man’s ideas. Be very careful lest you get the obvious parts and leave out the gist of his idea. Be very, very careful that you do not put a pigmy idea in the garb of a giant or vice versa. I am led to say this from the fact that a circular issued by B. F. Owen & Co., of Reading, Pennsylvania, called “Eyes to the Front,” is a palpable effort to imitate the clever and sometimes brilliant circulars that the C. B. Cottrell & Sons Company sent out some little time ago. Those circulars were clever, they were sparkling conceits in expression and idea. They depended entirely upon the how they said it. They insisted through the plainness of their typographic THE'MONTHSANDTHEDAYS’OF THE YEAR*M‘D‘CCC*XCVII *5.FROM‘THETRINTING-SHOFOF GARL/HHEINTZEA4ANN 234'-236*CONGRESS‘STBOSTONMASS Designed by Theodore Brown Hapgood, Jr. appearance upon what they said and how it was said. They were successful because they were not disappointing. You felt repaid for having read them. But in this circular of the Reading printer one feels that the writer has tried to be smart and epigrammatic and clever, and has failed, and one feels like dropping the leaflet into the waste basket and saying nothing more about it — ^out of consideration for the fellow’s feelings. Here’s the circular’s wording : Eyes to the Front. It is the simple story of the instinct of a fox that provides us with a theme and discourse. Do you know that Reynard, when closely pursued in the chase, seeks safe protection in the rocky fastness, but always turns about when once there and keeps his eyes fixed upon the outside or to the front? This is the result of instinct alone ; but it is the suggestion of prepara¬ tion for any emergency. Competition is abroad in the business world ; and in the shape of supe¬ rior work, lower prices, and prompter execution, is sharply pursuing the retailer, the jobber, the wholesaler, the manufacturer — in fact, the dealer or producer in whatever line. Thus controlled by a law inexorable, it is only the long-experienced, well-equipped man, with keen perception and EYES TO THE FRONT, that is ready to meet the wants of trade, and that rests secure in the protection his knowledge brings him. Are you looking for printing that in character, style and attractiveness is superior in all respects? Do you want the touch of a master, to give tone and value to your wares, and that will speak out from the virgin sheet the word and worth that bring patronage? Just such work as this can you THE INLAND PRINTER. 197 secure in an establishment that has been forty years in operation, that has kept an eye open to all the advances and improvements of the trade, that has the latest approved machinery and men of wide experience in projecting- and carrying- into execution neat, trim and tasty methods of advertising. Synonymous with these is the name of B. F. OWEN & CO., Printers, Reading, Pa. The little speech about Reynard is all right, but where is the application to printing ? Why did not the writer of this circular dovetail his Reynard introduction into his print¬ ing — making it apparent that the man who was wide-awake, with his “eyes to the front,” as he says, appreciated the value of good printing — printing out of the common, print¬ ing that was in advance of his competitors. That Reynard story is good, but there is an anti-climax in the last para¬ graph that makes the circular appear just a trifle ludicrous. Typographically copsidered, the Reading company’s circu¬ lar is well done, being set in 12-point Caslon, double leaded, and printed on one side of the page of an 8 by 10^ folder. “Shoe Portraiture,” a booklet that the Illinois En¬ graving Company, Chicago, sends me, is well done both in the matter of illustrations and reading matter. I am not particularly impressed, however, with the cover. It lacks distinction, and is not as well printed as it might be. The wire stitching spoils the general effect, as vide my criticism of another booklet in another portion of this talk. The Hill Printing Company, Eustis, Florida, sends out a booklet “Printing: How it Should be Done.” The booklet is well printed and arranged inside, but the cover is an abomination. It is an arrangement in borders and Col¬ lins ornaments. I count three styles of borders, and three styles of ornaments, besides two faces of type. In view of this the announcement on the second cover page— “If you are looking for printing that is attractive, neat, tasty — something that is first-class in every respect — that is the kind of printing that we produce — at reasonable prices, too,” must seem somewhat incongruous. The reading mat¬ ter is good, clear cut and straightforward. It is modeled on a booklet issued some time ago by the Lotus Press, of New York City, in some instances copied word for word. In June will come catalogues and booklets — and a few words to printers about solicitors. NOTES AND QUERIE ON ELECTROYPING AND STEREOTYPING. CONDUCTED BY C. S. PARTRIDGE. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from electrotypers, stereotypers and others. Individual experiences in any -way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Inquiries will receive prompt attention. DiSerences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. Substitute for Stereotype Metal. — A composition for stereotyping has been recently invented for which supe¬ rior merit is claimed. The material is called flintline. It is apparently of the nature of celluloid, but the inventor claims it can be restereotyped without injury. The cost of the material is only about one-third that of celluloid. Stereotyping Machinery.— The M. Co., of Virginia, writes: “What is the best stereotyping machine to pur¬ chase and from whom can we purchase it?” Answer. — As it is not stated just what kind of a machine is wanted, it is not practicable to give a definite reply to the question. Would suggest that you write to some of the manufacturers who advertise in this journal, stating your wants. Prom the replies you will receive I do not doubt but you can select a machine that will suit your work. Kaolin Plates. — Swape Brothers, Cresson, Pennsyl¬ vania, ask: “Do you know anything of Kaolin plates?” Answer. — Kaolin or chalk plates are thin steel plates coated with a chalk-like composition. The design is traced on the plate with a sharp-pointed tool which cuts through the com¬ position down to the metal. The matrix thus made is cast in the same manner as a paper matrix except that the metal is used very hot. The spaces between the lines are deepened in the stereotype with a graver or router. Chalk plate engraving is the quickest process in existence, and in this fact is found its chief value, although in the hands of an artist very creditable results may be obtained. The process has been patented and is in constant litigation. The March number of The Inland Printer contains an interesting article on this subject, as well as a sample of chalk plate work. Iron Electrotypes. — A subscriber writes: “I have been told that iron electrotypes are much more durable than copper. Do you know anything about it?” Answer. — At the World’s Pair the Russian government had an exhibition of State Papers under the charge of Herr Georgius Hogen- feldeii, chief of the government engraving department, which included among other objects of interest a series of iron electrotypes, from which it was alleged 1,000,000 impressions had been taken. The electrotypes were still in fair condi¬ tion. The writer was assured by Herr Hogenfelden that most of the Russian state papers were printed from iron electrotypes because they were not only more durable, but more economical in first cost. Samples of electrotypes which had not been used were also on exhibition. These were of a beautiful light gray color and had an appearance like satin. We are not aware that iron electrotypes are made anywhere in this country, although steel facings are sometimes given to copper electrotypes. It would seem that there is a field here for some enterprising electrotyper which might be worth cultivating. Stereotyping Tabular Work. — F. Bros., Massachu¬ setts, write: “We do considerable commercial work and have trouble with jobs containing brass rule and leaders. After beating as evenly as possible we find that the rules are high when cast. We use the best of beating brushes, our own matrix paper, etc. Can you give us any points which will enable us to bridge over this trouble ? How many tissues ought to be used on matrices for work of this kind ; also is it best to let them season a few days or use as soon as made up ? ” Answer. — Your trouble is due to lack of proper justification. Unusual care should be exercised in locking up jobs of this description, and even then it is not always possible to prevent rules from working up. The same diffi¬ culty often occurs when printing such jobs from type — that is to say, the rules work up on the press just as they do under the brush. The remedy is to lock up the form as care¬ fully as possible, then if the rules persist in coming up, lift the matrix carefully from the high rule and plane it down, observing great care, of course, to get the matrix back prop¬ erly. The beating should be done lightly ; not less than four tissues should be used on the matrix, and it would do no harm to use five or six. It is immaterial whether your flong is used at once or after seasoning a few days, pro¬ vided your paste is of such nature that it will not deteriorate with age. Concave Stereotypes. — R. C. J., Columbus, Ohio, wants to know what causes stereotypes to concave, and asks for a remedy. Answer. — There are several causes for con¬ caved stereotypes. If the concave is in the matrix it is probably caused by hard-drying blankets and insufficient squeeze on the steam table while the matrix is drying, or, if a very thin matrix is used the pressure of the metal in cast¬ ing will sometimes force down the spaces around the large type, or other black surface, to an extent sufficient to cause the center of the type to spring up slightly, thus forming a depression in the cast. If the matrix is not defective, the depression in the cast is caused by the shrinkage of the metal away from the matrix in cooling. This may be due to 198 THE INLAND PRINTER. one or more of three causes. The metal may be too hot, or it may contain too much tin, or the casting- box may be tilted in the wrong- direction, i. e., so that the pressure of the metal is against the back or cover of the box instead of against the matrix. The casting box should never be in a perpen¬ dicular position, but should lean a little in such a way that the matrix will be on the under side. The tendency will then be for the metal to shrink away from the cover rather than away from the matrix. Stkreotyping in Country Offices. — Advertisers in country newspapers are introducing a new feature in their business by supplying matrices instead of electrotypes to publishers who are provided with stereotyping plants. This method accomplishes a material saving to the advertiser and is incidentally of advantage to the publisher who is pre¬ pared to do stereotyping, because, everything else being equal, he will naturally be preferred to his competitor who is not so well equipped. The new departure is growing in popularity and will no doubt have the effect of increasing the number of stereotyping outfits in the country. In this connection we reproduce the following from Newspaperdom as being both wise and appropriate : “The owner of an adequate stereotyping outfit always possesses an enormous advantage over his competitors in figuring on work requiring extended press runs, and this has been realized to such an extent that it has not been diffi¬ cult for the makers of cheap stereotype machinery to sell their wares to the trustful printer. There are a number of so-called stereotype outfits on the market, all of which claim to fill the requirements, but if the buyer would use the same good sense in purchasing a stereotyping plant that he does in buying a press, there would be much fewer failures to record. It is simply impossible to sell an intelligent printer a press that is not adapted to his work, no matter how cheap it is. It is an easy matter for a man to buy a twelve-dollar press and a little type, and start in to do a first-class print¬ ing business. He can produce printed matter of a fair quality, but he will not make any money, because he lacks the facilities to conduct the business on a profitable basis. This is but a fair illustration of the results obtained from an ordinary fifty or even one-hundred-and-fifty dollar outfit for stereotyping, the work of which may be compared with that of the twelve-dollar press. It is simply impossible to build the necessary machines for stereotyping for any such money. A stereotype outfit that will answer the require¬ ments of a fair-sized printing office will cost as much as a good press — $350 or $400 — and will be worth all it costs, because it will do all that it should do and all that the printer expects it to do.” Cleaning Stereotype Metal, Thickness of Electro¬ types, ETC. — “Knowledge” writes: “As subscriber and thoughtful reader of the ‘Ink,’ I desire to ask you a few questions. Have about 2,200 pounds of metal, used twice a day, run soft and cold, yet it blows (holes half inch) along saw edge. I clean it once a week. There is a stereotyper in an adjoining town who tells me he dries a matrix — heavy backing sheet — -in 2)4 minutes with 30 pounds of steam, no gas dryer. Is this possible ? I have always had more or less trouble with wood base electrotypes. Why is it that electrotype foundries will send out a set of electrotyped ads. the shells of which vary from 12-to-pica to 2-to-pica ? I cast my bases and if I use same base on two shells it is high or low. What is the cause of this ? Would it not be possible to overcome same and have all electrotypes uniform? The boss of the concern furnished a box of some sort of greasy preparation — graphite looking — which he desires I should use for cleaning. I used it once only, for it does not reduce the dirt to fineness, but gathers in a huge lump in middle of the pot. Not caused by metal being too cold. Had I not better stick to old-fashioned way of burning off?” An¬ swer. — Stereotype metal becomes hard with continued use and should be softened occasionally by adding a little refined lead. Some judgment should, of course, be exer¬ cised not to get the metal too soft. If this does not prove a remedy for your trouble it may be that your metal has separated, i. e., the antimony separated from the lead. As the ordinary casting heat of stereotype metal is not sufficient to melt antimony unless mixed with other metals, it remains in crystals and retards the flow of the metal. The remedy for this trouble is to bring your metal to the degree of heat necessary to melt antimony, stirring it thoroughly until it is certain that the metals are again intimately mixed. It is impossible to say, without personal examination, just what your special difficulty is. If neither of the remedies sug¬ gested prove efficacious we would advise you to exchange the metal with your manufacturer for a new batch, which can probably be done at slight expense. We never heard of a matrix being dried in 2)4 minutes with 30 pounds of steam, and it would require ocular proof to convince us that it can be done. By using a very dry paste and dry paper, such as is employed in machine work, and molding from linotype forms which contain no water, it might be possible to dry a matrix in the time mentioned with sixty to eighty pounds of steam, but with thirty pounds only, all other conditions being favorable, we should say that not less than five or six, and more likely eight or ten, minutes would be required. The Chicago electrotypers have recently adopted a uniform standard for the thickness of book¬ plates, and it may be that the next step will be the adop¬ tion of a standard for wood-mounted electrotypes. At pres¬ ent competition has so reduced the prices for electrotyping, particularly advertising plates, that the manufacturer is forced to make his plates as thin as possible to realize a profit from his work. Some kinds of plates will stand shav¬ ing thinner than others, hence the lack of uniformity. The compound you describe for cleaning metal, if it is what we believe it to be, is highly recommended by a number of stereotypers. If it is not satisfactory you should write to the manufacturer, explaining the diSiculty. Metal should be cleaned as often as it becomes dirty. Dirt should be burned out of floor sweepings, before putting in kettle. THE INLAND PRINTER. 199 HARVARD OLD-STYLE ITALIC .30 Point OA 12a $4.25 « Bountiful Spiing» Prosperous Outlook for Season of i8gp 9 Point 20A 34a $2.50 «And Spring has come from softer Thales, Across my cottage home, With sephyrs soft and balmy gales, And flowers upon the loam, With lone and joy that are of Spring, When Spring is in her bloom. And nines that round her softly cling, Jill shorn of Winter’ s gloom. » 18 Point lOA 18a $3.25 « The mry kine with mellow eyne^ hane told it in their lowing ^ And Lone atilt across the fields his Spring-tide trnnip is blowing; The nery aii; the birds that pah; den sweetly waning grasses^ Hane told the tale from hill and dale^ alas^ and lonely lasses. » 8 Point 24A 30a $2.50 So, hallow the memory of the old battle fags, For mute they appeal from their tatters and rags ; Keep them, lone them, cherish them aye. They rose in the fight when the Blue met the Gray, And taught the wide world America shall be « The land of the brave and the home of the F'ree. » 12 Point 18A 30a $3.00 TTOJV black if grew! The stin was hidden, A z'lery night without her stars ; The lightning like a warrior’s sword-blade, Cat all the sky like flashing bars. i234fi678go 14 Point IGA 20a $3.00 « 0 ZEPHYR sweet and low. Again thou art coming, Thy spring-song humming. Soon, soon, soon. Soon will the violets blow.» 10 Point 20A 34a $2.75 «And I had said the Spring zoould come With rarest balms and flowers, And all the birds from farm and fold. Have told it to the hours; The robin here, the szoallow there. The blackbird in the hushes. The brownie rich of rarest song. Where songful brooklet pushes. » 0 Point 32A 42a $2.25 ' Good morning, May ! a little cool, But time I trow, I wot. Was ne-oer cold when yon came round By softer breeses caught; You gave us flowers, and May-queen maids. With hue of love and health. You crowned the year in flowered ’ray With balms and Lydian wealth. » Features that Recommend the Harzmrd Italic Series STRENGTH &f BEAUTY Originated and Manufactured by American Type Founders Co. In Stock and for Sale at all Branches and Agencies 200 THE INLAND PRINTER. Grand Craisc to I congfeiiow | onc of fk most \ / laMrious caves Honda 72 POINT 3 A 6 a $12 00 flaiiifold Lenten I^ambles le Students’ Pastime 30 POINT 5A 14 a $6 00 18 POINT 9A 22 a $4 50 Steamers leave QaicLmont “iS Spt .S on tl\c seventh day of each style by fk best Bohemian Artists month. Decorated leaflets « furnished upon application Tl\C COIf CCt I(0[ltC 10 POINT 14A40 a$3 50 Esteemed citizens of the City of Brotherly Love who have but a limited time at their disposal and desire to accomplish much in tho way of sight-seeing at a small expense, should avail themselves of this opportunity for visiting Interesting Places. imparted to none bat Hotel Quests Sold by all Branches of the Hmerican Cype founders Company THE INLAND PRINTER. 201 Tuc most comical Troupe of llimics famous in tk art has been secured to amuse tourists 60 POINT [Icrbaccotis Groves Explored riidstimmer Excursion 24 POINT 7A 16 a $5 00 Another most interesting feature introduced by fhs management of this Company is the distribution of Noiseless Repeating Rifles to children accompanied by parents 8 POINT 14A40a$3 00 fl journey into the interior of the Island veil! give an idea of the great fertility of the land and the Luxuriance of its Vegetation. Every inch of ground is cultivated, and Olive, Fig and Orange Groves abound. It affords much Pleasure to both young and old to see the large number of Harmless [lonkeys, and to watch their ^Vntics as they leap from Branch to Branch in pursuit of each other. Over 2,340,311 of these little mischief makers have been caught and carried away by Visitors Nothing has been left undone to make this one of fhi most pleasant Excursions of the season. Unprecedented opportunities offered to scientific and professional men for Midsummer Pastimes 36 POINT 4 A 12 a $7 00 Tickets can k had one day in advance. Send to tk nearest office for terms, etc. Order from the Branch Rouse jSearest your place of Business 202 THE INLAND PRINTER. TOPICSERIES. 24 A so a 6 Point Topic $250 EXHIBITtON OF FAMOUS EOYPTIAf^ STATUARY Lecture Delivered on Portraiture Illustrated with Stereopticon Views Dowered with Ethereal Loveliness She Bewitched the Town 123:4567890 20 A 40 a 8 Point Topic $275 IMPORTANT COMMERCIAL INFORMATION The Geographic Survey Department of the United States Expensive and Unscientific Experiments Performed PRINCIPAL INVENTIONS PATENTED Experiments for Perpetual Motion Unsuccessful Many Corporations Financially Embarrassed IMPROVED CITY PROPERTY Enormous Railroad Building Being Erected Beautiful Boulevards and Driveways TENNESSEE LEOISEATIRE Beautiful Paintings of Mountains New Southern Plantation Song SOITHERN MICHIGAN Milwaukee and Columbus CONCERT DIRECTOR Experienced Music Teachers BRICK HOUSE INTERNATIONAL Government Situations 5A8a 48 Point Topic #775 UNIFORM MAKERS Bronzed Medal Manufactured by BARNHART BROS, & SPINDLER, Chicago, Ill, THE INLAND PRINTER. 203 CONDENSED GOTHIC No.1 MOST COMPLETE SERIES MADE-CAST ON STANDARD LINE 2. POINT Condensed Gothic No. 3 L. C. $4.10! C. $5.90 Narrow GOTHIC Face 6 8a4A,$e.40 54.POINT CONDENSED Gothic No. 1 L. C. $3.25; C. $.3.15 ■ 8a5A,$6.00 48-Point Condensed Gothic No. 1 L. C. $2.00; C. $3. 10 USEFUL Series 5 Unirin LINING 72 9a 5A, $4.50 42 POINT CONDKNSED Gothic ^’0. 1 L. C. $2.25; C $2,25 ! Oa 6A, $4.00 36 POINT CONDENSED GOTHIC No. 1 L C. $1.90; C. $2.10 IMPROVED Letter 16 Made in all SIZES 30 5a 4A, $8.75 72. Point Condensed Gothic No. l L. C $3 50i C. $5.25 Modern SPECIMEN Unes 8 18-POINT Condensed Gothic No. 1 26h 16A, $3.00 L. C. $1.50; C. $1.50 SYSTEMATIC TYPE FOUNDING Better Methods ot Working 35 12-point condensed gothic No. 1 44a 24A, $2.50 L. C. $1 , 25 ; C $1 .25 DISPLAYS THE MOST COMPLETE SERIES Fifteen Sizes of this Useful Face Shown 60 8 point Condensed Gothic No 1 40a 26A, $2.25 L C- $1.10; C. $1.15 BEGUTTING, REMODELING AND IMPROVING PLAIN FACES Increasing the Merits of the Bread-and-Butter Styles $79 30-PoiNT Condensed Gothic No. l SUPERIOR GRii Fine Proportions 92 24-PoiNT Condensed Gothic No. i 20a lOA, $3.20 L. C. $1.65; C. $1.55 STANDARD LINE FACES Welcomed by Printers 48 14.P0INT Condensed Gothic No. l 38a 20A. $2.80 L. C. $1.40; C. $1 40 EVERY CHARACTER ON UNIT SETS Particular Attention Given Widths 14 lO-PoiNT Condensed Gothic No, 1 ■14a25A, $2.50 h. C. $1.25; C. $1.25 STANDARD LINE IS THE ONLY PROFITABLE TYPE Printers Can Save Labor and Money by its Use 50 6-POINT CONDENSED GOTHIC NO. 1 45a 28A. $2.00 h. C. $1 .00; C. $1.00 THIS SMALL SIZE OF CONDENSED GOTHIC IS VERY DESIRABLE Required for Box-Headings, Railway Time-Tables and the Like 26 Complete rOUNDING System 3 Gut and Manutactured Solely by INLAND TYPE FOUNDRY, 217-219 Pine St., Saint Louis 204 THE INLAND PRINTER. PATENTS OF INTEREST TO PRINTERS. BY CHARLES M’CORMICK. The contributions to the printing- art by inventors have been numerous and varied during the month of March. The type-distributing machine of Fig. 1 involves improvements covered by patent to Paul F. Cox, of Chicago, Illinois, who has assigned to the Cox Typesetting Machine Companj', of same place. This patent has especial reference to the mechanism for imparting an intermittent movement to the test plates, and to the mechanism for insuring registry of the test plates with the type channels. In this machine the reservoir for undistributed type is non-rota table, and the type to be distributed are contained in holders which are set in position over channels in said reservoir, and when the oper¬ ator sees that the types have all passed from the holder, he replaces it by another, which can be done without interrupting the operation of the ma¬ chine, as the channels hold enough type to enable the operation to continue while the holders are being changed. Fig. 2 shows a front view of a machine for forming stereotype matrices, involving improvements made by Jerome B. Bell, of Wilmington, Delaware. The type bars, which are hooked or strung upon the ways and may be lifted away at any time, are used successively, instead of certain ones being used over and over again. The ways are arranged in two series, having their lower assemblage portions arranged at different elevations and in two verti¬ cal planes, and their upper distributive portions also arranged at different elevations and in two vertical planes which correspond with their respective assemblage portions. The type bars travel along the ways and have the characters disposed upon oiiposite edges. A vertically movable galley receives the assembled type and distributes the type bars upon the ways. The ways and galleys have other novel features. The typesetting machine of Fig. 3, which is a vertical section, involves the invention of Richard J. Moxley, of Brooklyn, New York, who has assigned to the Empire Typesetting Machine Company, of New York City. The improvements are applied to that class of machines in which a vertical case is used, resting upon a cradle standing upon a supporting bar and containing the type in channels, and from which the type is removed by means of a type plunger actuated by a lever operated by the depression of a key. The plunger forces the last letter in each channel forward, whereupon it is allowed to drop by gravity through grooves into the raceway where the types are assembled and along which they are driven by suitable mechanism. The improvements render the action of the levers, actuating the plungers, more delicate and capable of adaptation to the touch ; and also utilize the power in the machine for facilitating the operation of the finger keys. The printing jiress of Fig. 4 involves the invention of Almanzer Gaines, of Mendon, Michigan, who has assigned three-fourths to Otto W. Seeb and Charles W. Seeb, of same place. In this press the impression cylinder is given an intermittent motion, revolving as the type bed moves forward and remaining stationary as the bed is reversed. This is accomplished by a par¬ ticular locking and unlocking mechanism, which insures accurate working of the cylinder and prevents it moving from its correct position. The inking rollers are mounted in a reciprocating carriage, which economizes both power and floor space, and makes it possible to use a smaller cylinder and a shorter bed and rack. The printing machine shown in Fig. S embodies the invention of Walter Scott, of Plainfield, New Jersey. The invention is applied to machines hav¬ ing a number of presses arranged one above the other, with the web holders at one end and the deliveries at the other. The invention covers the arrange¬ ment of the paper rolls in such manner that one or more may be placed in l)osition without disturbing the others, or anything else already in use, and securing free access to all the parts of the machine while printing or making up. The footboards, on which the workmen stand, are pivoted so as to be swung out of the way, thereby permitting free access to the working parts. The printing press of Fig. 6 is the invention of Charles G. Harris, of Niles, Ohio, and is intended to print both sides of a sheet of paper in one revolution of the paper-carrying roll or cylinder. The upper cylinder carries two adjoining sets of type and the lower roll forms part of the paper feed. Said lower roll has a spring-held shaft carrying holding pins, for engaging one end of a sheet of paper, which hold the same while the roll is being rotated, the other end of said sheet being free and allowed to fall away from the roll and again be brought into contact therewith with its reverse side outward, the holding pins being released from engagement with said sheet as the sheet is about to be printed the second time, and instantly engaging the end of a second sheet, which latter is also carried around ^vith the roll and reversed during the rotation thereof. David I. Eckerson, of Worcester, New York, is the inventor of the web perfecting printing press of Fig. 7. This invention consists, among other things, in having two inclined type beds suitably supported, and in having independently constructed carriages carrying the impression cylinders with positive connections between the carriages. Thus constructed, the press occupies but little space, the type is quite accessible and not liable to dis¬ placement. Though independent, the carriages mutually operate to perfect the printing; they are simpler, cheaper, and in operation counterbalance each other, thus conserving the operating power. Other details of improvement are involved. Alexander S. Capehart, of Bismarck, North Dakota, has produced the casting mechanism shown in Fig. 8, for typesetting and line-casting machines. The flame for heating the casting pot is replaced by an electric heater, which avoids the undue heating of adjacent parts of the machine, and maintains the metal in the pot at the required temperature. The molten metal is conveyed from a source of supply independent of the machine to the pot, by which it is properly delivered at predetermined intervals and in the required quantity to the mold, and the metal in transit is maintained in proper molten condition by an electric heater. The melting pot is designed to connect by a plurality of electrically heated pipes with the casting pots of a group of line-casting machines, thus supplying all the pots from a single vessel in which the metal is melted. A plunger in each casting pot serves to open and close communication between the pot and pipe. Fig. 9 shows a matrix or intaglio type, for typesetting and line-casting machines, also invented by Alexander S. Capehart, of Bismarck, North Dakota. The matrix consists of a compound metal body so constructed that the characters can be formed directly in copper or other soft metal, while the edges, ends and sides of the matrix are of a harder metal which will resist wear. The type mold of Fig. 10 is the invention of William F. Capitain, Louis W. Klute and George F. Wells, of St. Louis, Missouri. This mold is con¬ structed to produce type without the usual jet formed by the mold gate, and with a groove formed in its bottom, thus avoiding the necessity of breaking off the jet and forming the groove after the type comes from the mold, the mold having a cutter to remove the jet before the type is removed. The typesetting case of Fig. 11 is the invention of Louis K. Johnson and Abbot A. Low, of Brooklyn, New York, who have assigned to the Alden Type Machine Company, of New York City. The figure is a plan of a sin¬ gle type channel holder, showing the types and space partly advanced. The several types forming a word or combination are arranged in a single chan¬ nel of a width equal to that of a single type, the letters resting upon each other upon the “flat.” A space channel is arranged alongside the other channel and a forwarder pushes a word and space simultaneously from said channels. Means are also provided for deflecting the “space” onto the The printing attachment for roll-paper holders of Fig. 12 is the invention of James E. Marsden, of Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. This attachment is intended to be applicable to all kinds of roll-paper holders and cutters, and comprises the pivoted supporting frame, spring-pressed toward the paper roll, and carrying the printing roll and inking rolls. Ink is supplied to the rolls by the distributing brush having ink-conveying passages leading from its back to the bristles, the brush thus evenly distributing the ink on the rolls. Friction bands on the printing roll bear upon the inking rolls and paper roll, the draft on the latter causing the printing and inking rolls to rotate and perform their functions. The punching attachment for printing presses of Fig. 13 is the inven¬ tion of William E. Dillingham, of Los Angeles, California. The punch is applied to the tympan of the press, and is operated by the “ furniture” of the form in its descent by striking a projection of its upper member. The object is to provide convenient means for neatly punching holes in pro¬ grammes, cards, etc. Fig. 14 shows a type holder patented to John L. McMillan, of Ilion, New York. This holder is especially adapted for “spaces” and to form an adjunct to a type- justifying machine, wherein “ spaces ” of one thickness are automatically replaced by others of greater thickness. The holder consists of two resilient, flexible metal bands attached to and wound upon a drum, with the “ spaces ” between them. These bands are fed by draft upon one of them, and are taken up by another drum after the “ spaces ” have passed to the control of the justifier, or other device. A fixed and a movable guide are employed, together with anti-friction rolls which properly direct the holder. The rule case of Fig. IS is the Invention of Joseph W. Faxlanger, of Buffalo, New York. The shape of the compartments of the case is clearly shown, and its use will be apparent. This structure of case is intended to avoid the waste of time and confusion resulting from different sizes of rules getting into the wrong compartments, and when the rules are properly dis¬ posed they are held in convenient position and prevented from falling over by the shape of the walls. The Mergenthaler Linotyi)e Company, of New York City, has come into possession, by assignment from the inventor, Henry F. Meistrell, of Brook¬ lyn, New York, of the slug-trimming attachment for linotype machines sho\vn in Fig. 16. One part of the invention relates to the adjustment of one of the trimming blades so as to enable slugs having an overhanging character to be properly smoothed without disturbing such character. An¬ other part of the invention has reference to the means for adjusting the knives, whereby the distance between them may be speedily varied so that slugs of varying thickness may be trimmed, such as agate, nonpariel, etc. The font' of type of Fig. 17 is the subject of design patent to Herman Ihlenburg, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who has assigned to the Ameri¬ can Type Founders’ Company, of Newark, New Jersey. The leading fea¬ ture of this font resides in the thickened and rounded ends in place of the usual serifs, which enable the letters to be placed very close together and yet be easily readable. Individual letters have other peculiarities which immediately appeal to the eye. The type galley shown in Fig. 18 is the invention of Benjamin K. Davis, of Hendersonville, North Carolina, who has assigned one-half to George H. P. Cole, of same place. The mechanism clearly shown dispenses with the furniture and quoins now used for locking the composition and provides a cheap device which operates accurately and has its operative parts attached to the galley. Morever, the galley can be quickly locked and simultaneously with its adjustments. Fig. 19 shows a composite lithographic stone invented by Ferdinand J. Kallenbach, of Brooklyn, New York. The edges of several small stones are 2-6 PATENTS OF INTEREST TO PRINTERS. 206 THE INLAND PRINTER united by cement and then mounted on a backing- of slate to which they are cemented. This backing ties the stones together, and as it expands sub¬ stantially to the extent of the stones, the joints are not liable to open under changes of temperature. This backing also adds strength. Thus a large stone is produced without the disproportionate increase in price. The printing mechanism of Fig. 20 involves the invention of Frank A. Graham, of New York City, who has assigned to James D. Stevens, same place. The invention relates to apparatus for indicating quotations of stocks, securities, etc., by printing upon paper ribbons or strips. A single type belt is employed and electromagnetic means control the same for bring¬ ing the different characters in juxtaposition to any one of a series of strips which are arranged, and fed along, side by side. The type belt is moved transversely to the paper strips. The pi inting press of Fig. 21 involves the invention of Joseph Krayer, of Johannisberg, Germany. The press is of the rotary type and the plate cylinder and press roller have the relative proportionate dimensions of three to two, each roller having the same circumferential velocity, and have, respectively, one-third and one-half of their surfaces arranged to cooperate. Other improvements relate to the sheet-gripping mechanism, insuring The paper-feeding mechanism for printing machines shown in Fig. 22 includes the improvements of David Carlaw, of Glasgow, Scotland. The invention is applied to the form of paper-feeding mechanism having a trunk within which is created a partial vacuum, causing the sheets to come in contact with the trunk and be moved by it to the desired point. Stop- motion mechanism is added to the machine, and the trunk carries means arranged to be moved by the vacuum pressure for stopping the machine when such pressure is reduced. PICTURE POSTERS.* HE modern artistic poster movement undoubtedly had its orig-in in Paris some fifty years ago, and, indeed, as early as the j'ear 1836 we find a really distin¬ guished French artist, Lalance, producing a poster. Con¬ temporary with him we find the names of Raffet, Gauche, Gavarni, and last, but not least, Johannot, who designed a poster, or affiche, for an illustrated edition of “Don Quixote,” in which the “very perfect, gentle knight” is represented with a grotesqueness that would certainly have astonished Cervantes himself. To come down to modern times, it is generally admitted that Jules Cheret is easily the leader in the matter of poster designing. He is, in fact, called the father of the modern poster, or the poster poet. He was born at Paris in 1836, and early went to England in the employ of Rimmel, the celebrated perfumer. Mr. Charles Hiatt, in his book of “Picture Posters,” says of him : “ It may be that men of rarer, of more fascinating talent have devoted themselves to the poster, but none of them can compare with Cheret in the magnitude and curios¬ ity of his achievement. Many have produced charming wall pictures ; nobody, save Cheret, has made an emphatic mark on the aspect of a metropolis. Paris without its Cherets would be Paris without one of its most pronounced charac¬ teristics ; Paris, moreover, with its gaiety of aspect mate¬ rially diminished. The great masses of variegated color formed by Cheret’s posters greet one joyously as one passes every hoarding, smile at one from the walls of every cafd, arrest one before the windows of every kiosk. Blazing reds, hard blues, glowing yellows, uncompromising greens, are flung together, apparently haphazard, but in reality after the nicest calculation, with the result that the great pictures, when on the hoardings, insist positively on recognition.” To turn to another eminent artist, the man who designed the famous “Sun of Austerlitz” poster, with its “Pader¬ ewski ” horse, as I have heard it called. Det me say a few words in praise of Eugene Grasset, a younger man consid¬ erably than Cheret, but possessing characteristics and pos¬ sibilities unknown by his elder brother. He is a paragon of versatility, there are literally no bounds to his compre¬ hensiveness. He has designed everything, from book covers to stained glass, from piano cases to pickle jars. His sense of beauty, his passion for decoration, make it impossible for him to achieve the daring and victorious color which is ♦Condensed from an address on “ Posters ; Their Orig-in, History and Development,” by Mr. George R. Sparks, delivered recently at a poster exhibit in Chicago. SO effective in the work of Cheret. His most notable exam¬ ples, in addition to the famous Napoleon posters, are Sarah Bernhardt as “Jeanne d’Arc,” the “F^tes de Paris” and the delicious little poster which the artist did for an exhibi¬ tion of his own work at the Salon in 1894. But the Auster¬ litz poster, with the famous white horse standing on the brink of a precipice, with the setting sun shining on the face of Napoleon, will ever remain his most notable compo¬ sition. The idea of the picture is, of course, that Napoleon has led his victorious army to the end of the world, and can go no further. A writer in the New York Tribune related that “little boys begged their fathers to take them to the Napoleon circus,” and it is said that Charles Dudley War¬ ner, who spent election day in Brooklyn, asked a friend if he would be kind enough to tell him what office Napoleon was running for in that city. Nearly every person one met asked the question : “ Have you seen the Napoleon poster ? ” Publishers were overwhelmed with requests from collectors for copies. Of the other French artists, Toulouse, Lautrec, Willette and Steinlen are probably the best known outside of their own country. Willette has designed some very effective posters for Van Houten’s cocoa concern, and Steinlen has endeared himself to poster collectors all over the world by his famous production “ Lait pur Sterilis4 ” (pure sterilized milk), a child in a red dress drinking from a bowl, envied by three eager tabbies, the most attractive poster, perhaps, ever made. Unlettered copies of it are quoted all the way from $5 to $10. Cheret’s price nowadays for executing a poster is $1,000. It is an art worth cultivating, after all. In Paris all the posters command such a sale that the great¬ est care is taken by the printers and bill stickers to prevent the men from selling the posters instead of sticking them up on the walls. Each bill sticker is provided with a raised plan of the city, and on this is marked each place where the poster is to be put. Then, after the man has returned from his round, an inspector takes the same route and checks off each poster. If one is missing, the bill sticker is held accountable. The names of artists in England who have made a suc¬ cess of posters can be counted on the tips of one’s fingers. Beginning with Beardsley as the most prominent in having shown himself a master in the originality which he has brought to the development of this branch of art, and taking in their order of succession the Beggarstaff Brothers, Dud¬ ley Hardy, Raven-Hill and Walker, and perhaps Wilson Steer, one seeks in vain for the names of worthies such as France and America have produced. To be sure, while Walter Crane, Professor Herkomer, Stacy Marks, and Edward J. Poynter have made important contributions to the poster field, they cannot be seriously considered as poster artists, nor can their examples in this direction be considered among their most fortunate performances. None of them, we may say, has made a pronounced impression, nor are they productive of permanent results. A few words about Aubrey Beardsley. He is the young¬ est, as he is the most successful, of the English artists. Born at Brighton in 1874, he early developed remarkable musical ability, giving concerts at the age of seven, but later took the advice of Burne-Jones and Puvis de Chavan- nes and studied art. Whatever opinions may be held about his work, he certainly can lay claim to originality in his compositions. The success of Mr. Beardsley in the produc¬ tion of artistic posters has encouraged a host of imitators, and more than one artist has been inspired by him. Brad¬ ley, of whom I shall speak presently, has been, I think, unjustly accused of adopting his style, but the same is often said of successful artists without any real cause. Mr. Beardsley’s most famous posters are those he has designed for the Yellow Book and the Pseudonym Library ; but he has specially made a striking feature of theatrical posters. THE INLAND PRINTER. 207 and the poster which more especially gained him renown was that advertising the play called “A Comedy of Sighs.” Margaret Armour in a recent number of the Magazine of Art says: “Mr, Beardsley’s career has been meteoric in brilliance, yet at present he has all the appearance of a fixed star. He is one of those in whom genius is no smol¬ dering ember, but a many tongued flame.” Further on she saj’s : “ Some of the most dreadful faces in all art are to be found in his illustrations. There is distinctly a sort of cor¬ ruption in Mr. Beardsley’s art so far as its human element is concerned.” Hamerton, in a critical note on this artist’s work, expresses a kindly hope that he may yet “ see a better eyes. Dudley Hardy makes a specialty of theatrical pos¬ ters, and I question whether any more effective advertise¬ ment has ever been seen in London than his “ Gaiety Girl.” Mr. Hardy, unlike many artists, is especially careful with his lettering. He holds, and rightly, I think, that it is an essential part of the design. As a painter, Dudley Hardy is held in deserved esteem ; and while the poster is a mere incident in his art career, it is to be hoped that he will con¬ tinue to devote some of his valuable time to a branch of art in which, in a comparatively short time, he has so greatly succeeded. Wilson Steer, Frank Richards, Max Cowper, A. R. Millar, Kerr Lawson, Bernard Partridge, Charles POSTER DESIGN BY HANS UNGER. Original is a two-sheet lithograph, 44 by 54 inches, in black and orange. side of human life.” ’Twere a fair hope to have realized in us all. More effective work, to my mind, has been displayed by the Beggarstaff Brothers (Messrs. Pryde & Simpson). Their admirable art is not intrusive, but nevertheless attracts to itself the collector’s attention. The poster of “Becket” and that of “ Hamlet ” is beyond all praise, sim¬ ple and dignified. It seems to me that the Beggarstaffs have few serious rivals in England, and not very many in France. I believe their work will help considerably in revolutionizing the English pictorial poster. Their work is finished, striking and artistic, and is a delight to the Pfoulkesand Hey wood Summer — each has done meritorious work, but nothing that need call for special mention. Louis Baumer and- A. Morrow are likely to loom up in the near future. The poster advertising the “New Woman” and that for “Illustrated Bits ” entitle Mr. Morrow at least to some show of consideration. Brander Matthews, speaking of English poster art, is of the opinion that_it is trivial mostly, and its dominant note is one of domesticity, devoted chiefly to things to eat and to things to drink and to things for household use. English artists, he thinks, overlook the important condition that at all hazards the poster shall attract attention no less than satisfy the eye. The poster, 208 THE INLAND PRINTER. he thinks, may be noisy, and noisy it often is, no doubt ; but it must not be violent, just as even a brass band oug-ht ever to play in time. I now turn to the pictorial poster in this country. There are today something- like twenty establishments which make posters alone their special production, and which show a capital invested of nearly $3,000,000. They provide employment for something like one hundred draftsmen and designers, and perhaps five hundred additional artists, who reproduce the originals of the former. It is no easy matter to single out for special praise some among the many worthies America has produced ; but it is not to be denied, I think, that Edward Penfield easily stands first among designers of posters in this country today. Bradley pays a generous tribute to his abilities. “ His work is wholly his own,” he says. “ It represents a thought ; an expression ; a mode of treatment which belongs to him alone ; there is backbone to it. No matter what the pose, no matter what the idea, behind it all there is life, there is drawing and good drawing. This alone marks him a mas¬ ter ; and in methods of reproduction — that difficult point to which so few give even a passing thought — he is a past master. His ideas are always tim.ely, sparkling with wit, and in every way happy conceits. His color is delightful, strong and fresh, his treatment dainty.” Louis J. Rhead seems to have taken to the poster with the greatest enthusiasm, and he has undoubtedly produced a series of curious and striking designs. He may be fitly described as a disciple of Grasset. By far the most impor¬ tant of his efforts, though not the largest, are the designs which he did for the New York Sun a few years ago. He has designed numerous interesting posters for the Cen¬ tury, Harper's and St. Nicholas. His posters are highly Roman Peasant Girl. esteemed by collectors. I am laboring under a certain disadvantage in dealing with Mr. Bradley’s work, inas¬ much as we are personal friends, and were I to say all I should like to, I might be accused, perhaps not unjustly, of prejudice in his favor. The honest truth is, and I will not deny it, I am an ardent admirer of Bradley and his work. He is a master of curves and turns and twists, unconsciously borrowed, may be, in the same manner that great minds have found inspiration from the work of other great minds, but to say Bradley is a mere copyist is not true. Anyone who will take the trouble to examine carefully into his work, as for instance, the “Pringilla” which he designed, or the beautiful blue and green peacock poster for Scrib¬ ner's “The Modern Poster,” must see for himself that Bradley follows out a distinct line of his own. A peculiar¬ ity notable in the mechanical execution of his work is that no assistance is sought from the process of engraving to refine his handiwork. His sketches are made very slightly larger than they are intended to appear when reproduced and are done with exquisite care, so that in clearness and distinction they surpass the reproduction. Mr. Bradley is essentially a self-made man, and it is not very many years since he was working here, in this city, on very meager wages. He always declares he ruined his digestion for life, if not his constitution, in those days on a too liberal diet of cheese and crackers. We can heartily congratulate him that he is able now to enjoy his walnuts and wine. Few of us can rise from comparative obscurity to inter¬ national fame in so short a period. I must perforce pass rapidly by the names of other Chicago artists who are making fame for themselves in the poster world. Will Carqueville is perhaps the most notable with his Lippincott series of posters, but Nadall, Carl Werntz (The Pour O’clock artist), Hagenplug, Nankivell, Rae, Chapman and J. C. Leyendecker have nobly upheld the artistic end of the World’s Fair City, and we may justly take pride in pointing to the fact that the last named secured the first prize in a competition offered by the Century Com¬ pany. Among the many artists of note, mention should also be made of Mr. Maxfield Parrish, a young Pennsylvanian, who has won so many prizes that he is called the “American Poster Competition Winner.” His best known posters are those designed for the Columbia Bicycle Company, Harper's Weekly, the Bazar and Round Table. It would be unbecoming on my part to pass by the work of the lady artists of America. Miss Ethel Reed, of Boston, easily carries off the honors for first place, and I am inclined to place her on the same high pinnacle, in my estimation, occupied by Beardsley and Bradley. She has the right conception of design, and the ability to suggest the thing advertised, without dragging it in on all fours. “Miss Traumerei” is undoubtedly her most famous poster. Miss Blanche McManus, of New York, Miss Geraldine Evans, of Philadelphia, and Miss Edson are names which stand for distinction and vogue. Will the craze last? The Art Amateur thinks it will pass away. Publisher and manufacturer will find, says this eminent authority, that a great deal of their present lavish outlay on overelaborate designs cannot pay, but the old- fashioned crude and inartistic showbill is forever dead and buried. Bradley himself thinks it is only a passing fancy in the way of pictorial art, its result to be all-important. “Fifty years hence,” prophesies Mr. Henry Eddy, an artist of considerable eminence, “the poster artist can shake hands on an equality with Michael Angelo, for the poster artist will be the future mural decorator.” Amid this conflict of opinion, the matter can best be summed up in the words of still another authority. “ To reach the people,” he says, “art must step out of the picture gallery, out of the museum, out of the schoolroom, out of the boudoir, and go into the streets. The pictorial advertisements are the pic¬ tures of the masses. The number of names who have ap¬ plied themselves to the production of the pictorial poster would seem to me a justification for their existence. The fact that men so highly endowed as Grasset, Maxfield, THE INLAND PRINTER. 209 Parrish, Penfield, Cheret and others, of their own free will choose to cater to so popular a whim, inclines me to the belief that the poster has come to stay. It must be admitted, at least, that the consent of such men places the poster outside the pale of ridicule.” PRESSROOM QUERIES AND ANSWERS. CONDUCTED BY A PRESSMAN. TO CORRESPONDENTS.— Letters for this department should be mailed direct to 212 Monroe street, Chicago. The names and addresses of correspondents must be given, not necessarily for publication, but merely to identify them if occasion should arise. No letters will be answered by mail which properly belong to this department. Working Blue on Note-Head. — T. J. W., of Jenkin- town, Pennsylvania, writes : “ Can you inform me why the blue ink would not work properly on the inclosed note- head. The letter N at end of line being heavy all through a run of 500. Would you consider this note-head a ‘ botch job?’” Answer. — You should have used a pair of roller bearers in your chase, so as to make the rollers cover more evenly. The job is not bad. Embossing from Type. — J. W. W., of Brantford, On¬ tario, asks the following question : “ Is there any method of embossing from type without the necessity of cutting dies ? I have heard there is, but cannot learn the way it is done.” Answer. — See page 678 of March issue of this jour¬ nal, which explains “ a home method of making embossing dies.” Type made for two colors may be utilized for embossing purposes. In all cases that we are familiar with it is necessary to have a male and female die, the female die being the one locked in the chase and worked in the usual way ; the male die is a counter of the former, and must be formed from it and fastened, or built up, upon the platen of the press. An outline type or border* may form a female die ; and a male die can be made from this by pasting together several sheets of soft paper, to form a papier-mach^ basis, and pressing the line forming the female so as to shape the male counter on this soft mass. A little gum arable mixed in the paste will be found beneficial to the durability of the counter die. This is an amateurish method of embossing, but it sometimes proves satisfactory, if skillfully carried out. Ink for Highly Enameled Papers. — L. R., of New York City, has sent a sample of printed label on a very highly glazed paper, regarding which he says : “ I would like you to tell me how to print glazed labels like sample here sent so that the ink will dry quick and not rub off. These labels have to be put on jewelry boxes in five hours after they are printed ; indeed sometimes in two or three hours.” Answer. — Use a fine quick-drying 706 black ink with a sharp-acting set of composition rollers. A couple of drops of copal varnish in a small bit of this ink will expedite the drying qualities. Wants Something Easy and Simple.— W. H. S. L. asks the following : “ (1) Do you know of any process by which a music score could be struck off roughly on a platen press, as cuts are now done — for newspapers; I want to get something simple ? (2) Is there any way to make cardboard repel printers’ ink? What I mean is, if I fully ink the roller and then roll it over cardboard, is there any way to prevent it taking the ink from the roller ? If so, then my first question is easy.” Answer. — (1) Make a plate of the score and apply it as cuts are done for newspaper use. (2) Shellac the cardboard, and, after it has dried, cover the sur¬ face with lard oil. There may be better answers to these inquiries ; if so, we will be pleased to have ihe benefit of them as well as W. H. S. L. Wants to Know a Process for Softening Composi¬ tion Rollers. — J. P. S., of Harrison, New Jersey, writes as follows : “ Kindly inform me in your excellent journal of some process by which I can soften rollers. I have several cylinder press rollers that have been used but half a dozen times, and they are now like hard rubber, though otherwise in perfect condition, so far as appearances go.” Answer. — If the rollers have been made properly they should not be in the condition you say they are, and should be sent to the maker for new ones. Rollers may be softened up for tem¬ porary use by being brought near to a strong heat ; but Photo by E. J. Davison, Kansas City, Mo. Roman Peasant Boy. care must be exercised so that the face of the rollers is not melted and injured ; and to keep them fit for use, even for a limited time, the room in which they are being used must be quite warm. If you keep your rollers in a cold place during winter months you must expect to have hard rollers, until the chill is taken out of the composition. Sponge off the rollers with lukewarm water a short time before using them in the press. Stamping Gold Leaf on Leather, Etc. — H. B., of Opelousas, Louisiana, says: “I frequently get calls from persons who desire their names stamped in gold leaf on pocketbooks, albums, prayer books, bibles, etc., and I refuse them because I do not know any process for doing the work from type ; and I am afraid to risk bronze powder. Can it be done with ordinary type ? I would like to know how. Answer. — Yes; you can do all this with type and a glair (size) made of the white of an egg. First take an egg and carefully drop only the white of it into a small bowl or cup ; beat this well, and allow it to settle, when it is fit for use. Keep the glair in a bottle (corked) but drop a few drops of carbolic acid in the glair to keep it from spoiling. In applying the glair to the articles, do so with a small piece of clean sponge or cotton, covering only about the space the name will occupy. Put on the glair quite thinly and evenly, and let the article it is applied to dry fairly well. Set up the line of type in a bookbinders’ stick and heat the type to the scorching point ; rub off the face of the type with the hand (the hand should be a trifle oily) and 210 THE INLAND PRINTER. then carefully and slowly press it down on the gold leaf, which should be laid on the place covered by the glair previous to stamping in the type line. The heated line of type cooks the egg glair and thereby holds on the gold leaf. Any surplus leaf may be brushed off with an old silk hand¬ kerchief, and the surplus glair taken off the material with a Slightly dampened sponge. Wants to Know of a Work Treating on Matching Colors. — H. B. H., of Boston, Massachusetts, writes: “ Where or how can I obtain a work containing all hues and tints of colors, with the hue and tint of each color desig¬ nated ? There seems to be various names applied to colored inks by different inkmakers, yet they are identical in their shade. I desire to have some standard set of colors for ref¬ erence when I am told to strike that particular color, the name only being given on job ticket. I have seen plates of colors in paint stores, but they are not the tints that are used among printers.” Answer. — We do not know of such a work as is here desired but Lovibond’s tintometer, where by the superposition of red, yellow and blue test-glasses of various strengths — either singly or of two or three colors— any color may be matched and numerically recorded. Why not get up a color scale of your own, and make a written record of the colors and quantity of each employed in all j'our hues and tints ? This is practical. Diagram Drawings of Printing Presses.— H. B. H., of Boston, Massachusetts, writes : ‘‘Will you kindly inform me, through your query columns, as to where or how I may be able to procure drawings or diagrams of cylinder presses, and their duplicate parts ? It think it would be a wise plan for pressmen to know the proper name of every portion of the press, so that in case of accident he might be competent to put in a duplicate, and understand the erection of the machine, and also the duty which each particular piece is expected to perform.” Answer. — We cannot say from whom a full line of such drawings or diagrams may be obtained ; but several of the press builders have outlined prints of some of their machines, and it is to them alone that we beg to refer our correspondent. The idea suggested by the writer is a good one in many ways, for it would not only be advantageous in case of accident to parts of the press in localities far remote from the builder’s shops, but it would help to familiarize pressmen with the entire work¬ ing parts of the machine in their charge. In ordering duplicate parts, if the drawings were detailed by consecu¬ tive numbers (and names where practicable), this would be simplified greatly. This is a pointer for pressbuilders. Suggested Remedy for Rollers in Damp Weather. — Mr. Thomas Roche, of New Haven, Connecticut, has sent us the following regarding printing rollers and how the diffi¬ culty of their not inking properly in muggy weather may be overcome: ‘‘The communication of J. R. P., published in the March number of The Inland Printer, is interesting. As a thought struck J. R. P., while pondering over Mr. Crutsinger’s ‘ strong-blast-of-air ’ remedy for rollers in muggy weather, so a thought strikes me as I ponder over J. R. P’s remedy, as well as the gentle hint thrown out to the roller manufacturers. J. R. P. prefers alum to air, and says, in conclusion, ‘ As the rollermakers are aware of the incompleteness of their formula for making printing rollers for sultry and muggy weather use, they are beginning to study this problem. The first to solve it will be awarded a crown of glory, guaranteed to fit the largest head.’ Well, well, well ! I wish to state to those readers of The Inland Printer who are interested in the problem, that alum and magnesium sulphate are what is called hardeners; i. e., when a mucilaginous compound is bathed in a solution of either of the above chemicals it has the effect of contracting the substance and so hardening it. When such a mucilagi¬ nous composition dries, after receiving the bath (although it is not impervious to water), it does, however, give consider¬ able resistance to moisture. Some printers’ inks contain alkalis, and any alkali will very effectively dispense with whatever advantage alum may impart to printers’ rollers. The enamel on copper and zinc plates used for photo-engrav¬ ing purposes is composed of mucilaginous substance (gela¬ tin) and by a mixture of permanganate of potassium, and when affected by light, is impervious to water. Here is another hint. Let him make the most of it who will.” Answer.— Next. To Take Creases out of Parchment. — F. D. S., Wash¬ ington, D. C., writes: ‘‘A friend of mine has a valuable parchment which has been folded for years. He now desires to frame it, but knows of no way by which to get rid of the creases caused by the folds. It is partly printed and partly written in ink, which has faded. Is there any way that you know of by which it can be gotten smooth so as to look well when framed without destroying the part written in with ink?” Answer. — To smooth parchment which has become wrinkled, place the parchment face down on clean blotting paper. Beat up to a clear froth, with a few drops of oil of cloves, the whites of several fresh eggs, and with the fingers spread this over the back of the sheet and rub it in until the parchment becomes smooth and yielding. Then spread it out as smooth as possible, cover with oiled silk and press for a day. Remove the silk, cover with a linen cloth, and press with a warm iron. Printing-Ink Blacks. — On the subject of lamp and carbon blacks, Messrs. Binney & Smith, of New York, send a communication from which we extract the following : ‘‘ Probably in no manufactured article has the United States so far outstripped the rest of the world, within the last five years, as in the making of lamp and carbon blacks. We regret to say this is not altogether due to the superior knowl¬ edge or skill of the makers of lampblack in this country, as compared with those in Europe and elsewhere, but rather to the quality and quantity of the material produced here, from which lampblack can be made. It does not, however, alter these facts : Thirty-five years ago, lampblack was imported to this country ; fifteen 3’ears ago, small quantities of black were exported to Europe, since which time the quantity exported to Europe increases yearlj’ — the amount alone of natural gas black shipped to Europe last j’ear not falling short of 2,000,000 pounds, which may be roughly valued at $100,000. This carbon black, or American black, as it is known in Europe, is made from natural gas — by allowing the flame to strike plates or pans upon which the black deposits. • It is not only the densest and blackest lampblack made, but also the most brilliant ; and there is not a print¬ ing-ink manufacturer in the world who does not use more or less of this black — the brilliant black printing being principally due to the use of this black. Unfortunately, it cannot be exclusively used to advantage in all grades of printing inks ; for though intensely black, it has not the body of oil lampblack, and the undertone or tint of the black when thinned out is a yellowish-brown, necessitating the use of a considerable quantity of Chinese or milori blue to counteract it. Especially is this so in producing inks adapted for half-tone printing. The difficulty in grinding the carbon black, its lack of body as compared with oil black, and the brown undertone, are the only reasons why it is not used entirely and universally in the manufacture of all black printing inks. The first of these difficulties has to a great extent been overcome in this country by employing chilled iron roller mills for grinding the black ; and print¬ ing-ink manufacturers can now overcome the other disad¬ vantages mentioned by using a special blue-toned oil lamp¬ black made from a combination of petroleum oils that possess precisely the qualities which are lacking in carbon black, namely: Body and purity of undertone, As in so THE INLAND PRINTER. 211 many other thing's, it has been necessity which has been the mother of invention. The neyv^ era in illustrated printing from wood-cut engraving to the half-tone plate work, which is fast superseding the older form of illustration in papers, magazines and books, has indirectly been the means that stimulated the manufacturers of lampblack to make blue- toned blacks that would produce the clear blue shade which adds so much to the beauty and effect of half-toned illustrations. And as the half-toned effects in printing have been brought to the greatest perfection in this country, it was only natural that the same country should be the first to produce special blacks for obtaining the best tone and tint effects. In Europe the art of making blue-toned lampblacks is not known — all of the blacks made there having a yellowish-brown undertone, which have to be for¬ tified with a large quantity of blue. Printing-ink manu¬ facturers here, although using some blue in their inks, obtain the best results with a printing ink made by a combi¬ nation of certain carbon blacks and these blue-toned oil lampblacks ; and as long as Europe continues to use lamp¬ blacks having a brown undertone, or tint, which has to be counteracted by the use of large quantities of blue, just so long will America excel in the production of the best half¬ tone and illustrated printing.” PROCESS ENGRAVING NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY S. H. HORGAN. In this department, queries addressed to The Inland Printer regard¬ ing process engraving will be recorded and answered, and the experi¬ ences and suggestions of engravers and printers are solicited hereto. It is believed that herein will be found a medium for the interchange of valuable hints and suggestions never before offered to those in interest. Commercial Letter and Bill Heads. — The exhibits of A. Zeese & Sons on page 10 of the April Inland Printer are excellent specimens of zinc engraving, and should be studied by engravers who want to compete with lithogra¬ phers in the special line of work shown. The Powder Process for Half-Tone. — In reply to George H. Jones, Omaha, Nebraska, and Joseph Chalupa, Chicago, I would recommend that they confine themselves to the enamel process for half-tone work. There is no method yet discovered that will compare with it, and when there is it will be described in this department. The so-called powder process as compared with enamel is a step back¬ ward. Simple Stopping-Out Varnish. — J. E. B., Baltimore, Maryland : Asphalt and shellac varnishes are entirely safe as acid resisters when used to cover up portions that are etched sufficiently. There is a danger of their spreading beyond bounds though, when being laid on with a brush. I find a very easily made stopping-out varnish, and one that has the further advantage of “staying where it is put” in a mixture of equal parts, say of vermilion printing ink and asphalt varnish. This does not dry, but resists the acid perfectly and is easily removed with a little benzine when the etching is finished. The “Father of Half-Tone.” — The Process Phoio- gram, of London, quotes a writer who disputes my claim, first made in The Inland Printer, that Gen. F. W. Von Egloffstein, of New York, was the inventor of the half-tone process. This honor is claimed for M. Berchtold, a French¬ man, who took out a patent in France for his method on December 14, 1857, and on April 15, 1859, sent a paper describing the operation to the “ Society Francaise de Pho¬ tographic” which was recorded in the Bulletin of the Society, Volume V, pages 116, 211 and 265. Berchtold sen¬ sitized a metal plate with bitumen of Judea and exposed it to light under an ordinary negative. In the shadows he obtained solid blacks, but before development he exposed the plate for a second time under a line screen, thus getting lines on the plate only in the high lights, and this was all be claimed to be able to do, or that was possible by his process. Now note the difference ; Von Egloffstein placed his screen in the camera, thus inventing the half-tone method in use today. An examination of the best existing example of Von Egloffstein’s, made thirty-two years ago, reproduced in this journal, page 38, October, 1894, will show any prac¬ tical man that such excellent half-tone work as that could not be produced by such a crude method as that of M. Berchtold. Easiest Method of Making Printing Plates.— A1 Messenger, Los Angeles, California, writes: “What is the easiest method of making printing plates from photographs ? Does a man have to be an engraver to do this work ? Is it feasible for a young man to study process engraving at home? What books would be useful for a beginner?” etc. Answer. — The half-tone process is the proper one to use in making printing plates from photographs. It is not neces¬ sary to be an engraver to succeed in the work, and it can be studied at home, but how thoroughly the process can be learned from books depends on the intelligence and perse¬ verance of the student. The standard work on the half-tone process is by H. Jenkins, published by The Inland Printer Company, at $2. Three-Color Work on the New York Herald. — The seventh section of the Easter number of the New York Herald, published on April 4, was of special interest' from the fact that the illustrations on four of its pages were pro¬ duced by the three-color process. The writer has spent much time and means in testing this process of color-plate making for newspaper work, and was the first to recom¬ mend it and demonstrate it practically for Mr. Bennett on the Herald. He then contended, and is still convinced, that the process is admirably adapted for newspaper purposes, providing it is properly handled, and a fourth or key plate is used with it. Had a key plate been printed on these illustrations in the Easter number it would have sharpened them up and given them the snap which they lacked. Print any colored illustration on a newspaper without its key plate and it will be vague and meaningless, yet with this method of making color plates by photography the order is “three plates or none at all,” and a very valuable process lies practically unused through sticking to this fallacy. When time, material and presswork can be had, three plates will give highly satisfactory results, as shown by the fron¬ tispiece to the April Inland Printer, but with the condi¬ tions on a newspaper using large plates four printings will be necessary. The Ellsworth Bill and Photo-Engravers. — A mem¬ ber of Photo-Engraver’s Union, No. 1, New York, requests this department to protest against the Ellsworth bill, which is before the New York legislature at this writing. The intention of this bill is evidently to protect private individ¬ uals from the publication of their portraits without their consent. The infraction of the law is to be made a misde¬ meanor, punishable with a fine of not less than $1,000 — on the complaint of the person so portra3'ed. Answer. — Our correspondent exaggerates the injury, should this bill become a law, that it will bring to those engaged in newspa¬ per photo-engraving. Its provisions are aimed at two news¬ papers in New York City that have been outraging decency by their misuse of pictorial features. Their pictures of private ladies at their bath, for instance, or their portraits of all the wealthy young married women presumed to be pregnant, and published in an article entitled “$40,000,000 Worth of Babies to be Born this Year,” would show the necessity of some such bill as this one. It cannot restrict the freedom of the press in the use of cartoons or portraits of persons in public life, neither can it check the spread of legitimate illustration of any kind, hence it is not likely to 212 THE INLAND PRINTER. work any grave injury to the photo-engraver’s business. Printers might with equal reason protest against stringent libel laws as a curtailment of typesetting. The Proper Distance from Screen to Sensitive Plate.— “ Roxbury,” Boston, Massachusetts, asks : “Which is the simplest way to determine the proper screen dis¬ tance ? Are there any rules in the matter ? ’’ Answer. — There are very well defined rules governing this, as, for instance : given the same screen and diaphragms, the dis¬ tance between the screen and sensitive plate should vary with the varying reductions and enlargements of copy, being closer on reduction and farther removed on enlarge¬ ment. The kind of copy must also be considered, whether it is flat or full of contrasts, and also the sort of negative required. The best plan for the practical man to determine the precise screen is to insert a very smooth-grained piece of ground glass in the plateholder back of the screen, and with a good focusing glass note the appearance of the spots of light that come through the apertures in the screen. If they are square and isolated from each other, the separation of screen and plate is not sufiBcient. When these spots of light change to circles and touch one another — that is with the largest diaphragm that is to be used in the exposures — then is the distance between plate and screen right for that focus of the camera. It will be found that a large, square diaphragm will close up the high lights in the negative much more satisfactorily than a round one. Photo-Engravers Should Learn to See. — The In¬ land Printer has just added a most valuable feature in securing the services of Mr. Ernest Knaufft, who has no superior, to teach us the elementary principles of drawing and designing. How important to photo-engravers is the first chapter on the necessity of learning how to see. If his instructions were confined to this alone, and engravers would but follow his recommendations, it would profit them immensely. There are so many workmen, and employers also, engaged in reproducing drawings, who work in a per¬ fectly mechanical way ; lacking in the least feeling for the intention of the artist whose drawings they are attempting to reproduce, and yet who wonder why artistic reproduction is refused them while their rivals secure it. For instance : a free, graceful, sketchy and most artistic pen-drawing on Whatman paper is given for reproduction. The clerk in the office scans it with a magnifying glass, and tells the cus¬ tomer it is a “rotten” drawing and will not reproduce well. If the order is left that a reproduction must be had of it, the same comment passes on the drawing from workman to workman, “It is a rotten drawing,” and the result is a thick and muddy reproduction. Let a machine-made draw¬ ing go through that same establishment — one that looks as if it was drawn with a fine-tooth comb — and it will be called “art work,” and workmen will vie with each other in exercising their mechanical knowledge on it. Not long since I was amaxed at the lack of any artistic perception on the part of a pressman of long experience who had a lot of half-tone portraits to print, and said it was impossible for him to handle those with dark backgrounds. That “all half-tone portraits should have light backgrounds,” so that he “ could underlay the heads and bring them out.” In our times workmen such as these are going to be left in the race, and only those who have learned how to see will be fittest to survive. On Saturday evening, April 24, the R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company gave a housewarming to their employes at their new building. The Lakeside Press, Plymouth Place and Polk street, Chicago, which was a most enjoyable affair. Over two hundred people were present. The editor of The Inland Printer acknowledges the receipt of the tasty invi¬ tation issued for the occasion. UNITED TYPOTHETAE OF AMERICA. Secretary Knapp, of the United Typothetse of America, has issued the official announcement of the Executive Com¬ mittee giving the time and place for the next annual meeting of the organization. This, the eleventh annual convention, will be held in Nashville, Tennessee, during the week of October 4 next, the Executive Committee to meet Tuesday, October 5, and the convention on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday following. The treasurer requests that the annual dues for 1897 be forwarded to him on or before April 1, as required by the by-laws. No reports regarding subjects for discussion have yet been received. These should be mailed to the secretary, Mr. Thomas Knapp, 341-351 Dear¬ born street, Chicago, not later than July 1. OBITUARY. S. Frank Potter, aged thirty-four, exchange editor and editorial photographer on the New York Press, died in Brooklyn, Tuesday, March 9. He was born off the coast of New Zealand, in his father’s ship, Illinois. He had held responsible positions on the Providence Journal, Chicago Tribune, New York Times, New York Sun, and Albany (N. Y.) Argus. On April 4, E. P. Wiley, senior member of Wiley, Wat- terman & Co., printers, Hartford, Connecticut, was found dead near the railroad track on the outskirts of the city. Mr. Wiley was sixty-seven years of age and had a stroke of paralysis about a year ago, which affected his mind. He wandered away on the day in question and, it is believed, had a second stroke, which proved fatal. Henry Luther Tucker, senior proprietor of the Coun¬ try Gentleman, died at Albany, New York, February 23, aged sixty-two. Mr. Tucker was a scholar, a good business man, and was known wherever advanced and scientific agri¬ culture abounded. He was the author of several works on agriculture and a lecturer in the same field. In 1865 he held the professorship of agriculture at Rutgers College. He was quiet and unobtrusive in manner, of unbending hon¬ esty, strong religious characteristics, and held the respect of all. Thomas P. Ottoway, an old-time Chicago printer, died at the residence of his son, 1441 Montana street, March 17, 1897. Mr. Ottoway was born in England seventy-three years ago, and came to America with his parents when but a child. He learned the printers’ trade in Oswego, New York, and before he left that town was publisher of a paper. He came to Chicago in 1862 and became a member of the firm of Dean & Ottoway, then located at 148 Lake street. The firm was afterward changed to Ottoway & Barlow. After the big fire the firm became Ottoway, Brown & Colbert, and afterward The Ottoway Printing Company. For the last five or six years Mr. Ottoway has been employed at the case in the office of H. C. Barlow, his former partner. Although in fairly good circumstances he preferred to be constantly employed and could not give up his habits of industry. He leaves a son and three daughters. S. C. Griggs, the oldest publisher in Chicago, died on April 6, of paralysis. He was one of Chicago’s pioneers, having gone there in 1848 and entered into the business of selling books. At one time he was associated with A. C. McClurg, and was really the founder of the McClurg book house. Mr. Griggs’ business and residence were swept away by the fire of 1871, entailing a loss of over $300,000. THE INLAND PRINTER. 213 He recovered from the loss and entered on a publishing business that was extremely successful. Robert P. Yorkston, printer, journalist and printing press salesman, died at his residence, 223 Division avenue, Brooklyn, New York, on Wednesday evening, April 7, 1897, after a lingering and painful illness, aged fifty-six years. His funeral was attended by many of his most intimate and old-time friends, who accompa¬ nied the body to its final resting place — Evergreen Cemetery. He leaves a wife and three chil¬ dren. Mr. Yorkston, more gen¬ erally known as Col. “Bob” Yorkston, was born in Edin¬ burgh, Scotland, and came to this country, with his parents, when an infant. He was the son of a printer, long since dead, but noted for his skill. “ Bob ” learned the printing business in New York, being proficient in composing and press room duties ; and when only nineteen years of age was foreman in one of the large pressrooms. Cut and fine color work was a specialty with him, and that he became eminently skillful is assured by the fact that a specimen of his color printing has the position of honor in the Gallery of Fine Arts in the National Museum, of Washington. About 1861, Mr. Yorkston became associated with Thomas H. Senior in the sale of the Campbell country press. Mr. Senior was on the road and young Yorkston did the schem¬ ing for the business at home. Mr. Andrew Campbell had no money at this time to advertise and get his press before the printers, so in 1868, by a combination of circumstances, Mr. Yorkston started a magazine named The Mirror of Typography. Type for its publication was secured and • paid for in advertising, and a press to print the magazine was put in by Mr. Campbell. This magazine Mr. Yorkston edited, set up the type, and did the presswork on the first issue alone. The magazine was a great success ; thus the Campbell press received its first “boom” and that without cost to Mr. Campbell. Mr. Yorkston’s methods as a sales¬ man, as well as in other matters, were original. He had a delightfully genial and interesting personality, coupled with a splendid physique and handsome, manly face. At least thirty years of his life were spent as a traveling sales¬ man, and he has probably covered more miles in distance than any other person so employed. As a writer for the press, Mr. Yorkston has always held a high position; still, while many knew him as a journalist, he was also a large contributor to magazines under several noms de plume, the most general being “John Ransom.” Among some of those he either edited or wrote for may be mentioned the Press News, American Journalist, the St. Louis Critic, Printer and Lithographer, and Fireside Guard. He was also the author of the only complete text-book on printing machin¬ ery ever published, entitled “Cylinder Presses and Their Inventors,” published in 1868. But with all his brilliant attainments, sad to say, he has neglected to lay by some¬ thing for his own family’s needs — his well-meant and well- known liberality at all times standing in the way. If this was Mr. Yorkston’s fault in life — if fault it can be called, for it was naturally done to make business and keep friends -then he was grievously afflicted, for his friends can be found in all parts of this big continent. They will mourn his loss and think of that big heart that now lies still in death. A.committee has been appointed from among his old friends for the immediate relief of his widow and the educa¬ tion of his children, and Mr. P. L. Montague, 97 Reade street. New York, has kindly consented to act as treasurer of the fund. Those desiring to assist should promptly for¬ ward the amount they feel disposed to contribute. BOOKS, BROCHURES AND PERIODICALS. In this department special attention will be paid to all publications dealing entirely or in part with the art of printing and the industries associated therewith. While space will be given for expressions of opinion on books or papers of general interest which may be submit¬ ted for that purpose, contributors will please remember that' this col¬ umn is intended in the main for reviews of technical publications. The address of publisher, places on sale, and prices should be inclosed in all publications sent for review. Minneapolis thoughtfully considers us in What to Eat. But the silence of Milwaukee is painfully embarrassing. Katherine Pyle is contributing a series of articles to the Art Amateur, entitled “Hints to Young Illustrators.” An interesting article on the early printers and their shop signs is contributed to the last number of the Printing World by W. Vallins. Mr. William George Jordan, who has for several years been editor of Current Literature, has accepted the editor¬ ship, under Mr. Bok, of the Ladies' Home Journal. The Bibliographical Society of London has issued a Rough Hand-List of the books in the library. It contains most of the more prominent books about books. Two of William Morris’ latest romances are now being printed by the Kelmscott Press. They are entitled “The Sundering Flood” and “The Water of the Wondrous Isles.” The Bookseller and Newsman, of New York, thinks the Chap Book has lost its snappy flavor and is now on a tack that will land it safe and snug among the eminently respect¬ able but dull periodicals. Kate Greenaway, who makes those fetching pictures of women and children in Arcadian frocks, wears a gown of the same pattern herself. She lives alone in almost her¬ mit retirement near London, and will see only intimate friends. — Current Literature. Another poster competition is announced in Boston. It was held during April in connection with the Boston His¬ torical Festival. The posters were of a uniform size, 22 by 28 inches, and the subjects related to the colonial history of the city. Cash prizes and honorable mentions were the awards. Exhibitions of art are numerous in New York. The Grolier Club have been showing a collection of etchings, dry points, and copperplate engravings by Diirer, valued at $45,000. The catalogue, prepared by Kohler, who is in charge of the graphic arts at the Boston -and National Museums, gives a rdsum^ of all recent knowledge about the great German master. Will Bradley’s “ print shop ” has been removed to Mit- tineague, Massachusetts, and will occupy a portion of the paper-mill building of the Mittineague Paper Company. It is said that a new paper by a secret process is to be man¬ ufactured for his purposes by this company.' The secret was acquired by Superintendent Moses during his stay in Paris several months ago. “ The Earl of Stanhope and His Remarkable Inventions and Improvements in the Art of Printing” is the title of an article contributed by Mr. Horace Hart to the Collectanea, of the Oxford (England) Historical Society. It will be remembered that the Earl of Stanhope built the Stanhope press and fathered the process of stereotyping at the begin¬ ning of the century. Mr. Hart is comptroller of the Claren¬ don Press, Oxford. Deutscher Buck- und Steindrucker for March contains good articles on “Printers’ Marks,” “On the Handling of Colors,” “Photolithography,” and “Alois Senefelder.” Among the attractive inserts are illustrations from the new book of Nansen, the great Arctic explorer, “ In Night and Ice.” The use of a purple-blue ink greatly heightens the 214 THE INLAND PRINTER. ice and moonlight eifect in the picture of the ice-bound vessel. Considerable space is given to the discussion of newspaper postal rates, which is now up for reform in Germany, as it is in the United States. Several examples of the work of Charles B. Ross, Jr., one of Chicago’s young designers, were shown in the pages of The Inland Printer some months ago. Mr. Ross has recently had some of his work accepted in the East and is accordingly somewhat elated, as he has very • Drawn by Charles B. Ross, Jr. good reason to be. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., of Boston, have accepted the cover design and one wash-drawing illus¬ tration from him for one of their latest works. It is the book by Mary Hartwell Catherwood, “The Spirit of an Illinois Town.” The cover drawing is a floral design in black and gold on green cloth. The wash drawing shown herewith represents a Greek girl, and is the only illustra¬ tion in the book aside from a design by Kenyon Cox, illus¬ trating “The Little Renault,” which is bound in with the other story. The Zanerian Art College, of Columbus, Ohio, has issued a little work entitled “Portraiture,” which is an extremely artistic and practical manual for the use of crayon and pen artists. Beginning with a clear and concise exposition of the principles underlying the proper depiction of the human features, with examples illustrating the points of the text, it follows with many fine reproductions from drawings by leading artists, each plate being fully analyzed by the descriptive matter accompanying it. There is no superflu¬ ous or perplexing language used, every sentence being prac¬ tical and terse, a feature which will be particularly appre¬ ciated by the beginner, while the completeness with which the subjects are treated renders the work of value to the advanced student. It will be especially interesting to those engaged in the art of newspaper and magazine illustrating, as it treats principally of work suitable for reproduction by the zinc-etching process. Typographically, the book is excellent, being printed on heavy plate paper, and bound in buckram, silver embossed, the entire make-up being highly creditable to the publishers. Price, $1.50. Can be pur¬ chased through The Inland Printer Company, Chicago. Mark Twain, says Current Literature, since his return from Africa a few months ago, has been living in very mod¬ est quarters in London, writing all day and every day on the history of his trip around the world. With the proceeds of this book he hopes to pay off his creditors and leave something for his family. He lost practically everything in the Webster & Co. failure, and the lecture trip around the world was not a financial success. Over sixty 5’ears of age, in poor health and in a strange country, America’s greatest humorist is, perhaps, working harder than ever before. We take pleasure in noting the continued progress of Electrical Engineering. The number for April 1 marks a new step forward. With that issue the magazine begins as a semi-monthly, with an increased number of pages for each issue. This “ Special Telephone Number,” containing illustrated articles by the best authorities abroad and at home, indicates the thoroughness with which electrical sub¬ jects are treated, and the high standard maintained by this technical journal. It is of the handy 6 by 9 inch size, con¬ venient both for desk and library use and preservation. A change in the management must also be mentioned. Mr. H. O. Shepard has retired, and the control of the paper is now assumed by the former and present editor, Mr. Fred De Land. NEWSPAPER GOSSIP. Ye Gynk is the strange title of a new bicycle paper just established in Chicago. Its editors are C. E. Jones and Joseph D. Guinea. Our Republic, a monthly devoted to “government re¬ form,” is the title of a small four-page sheet established in March at Elgin, Illinois. Several Florida towns are asking for the Home for Superannuated Newspaper Men, which is soon to be located by the National Editorial Association. The Chinese newspaper, for some time published in Sj’dney, Australia, from lithographic stones, is hereafter to be printed from movable type, for which about nine thou¬ sand separate characters will be required. The Gripsack, a monthly “ devoted to trade and travel,” published at St. John’s, New Brunswick, comes out in an improved attire of type and illustration. It contains much interesting reading matter about people and places. No. 1, VoL. I, of the Bismarck (N. D.) Review, a weekly, appeared on March 6. The publishers announce that it is not issued “ to meet a long-felt want, but because Bismarck is a good field and the prospects encourage the venture.” The Jefferson (Iowa) Souvenir issued, on March 20, an anniversary edition, to commemorate the close of twelve suc¬ cessful years of journalism. It illustrates its historical review with cuts of the plant and of the office staff, from bookkeepers and compositors to the “ex-devil.” The National Printer-Journalist is to be congratulated on the comprehensive and attractive manner in which it has covered, in its March number, the recent convention of the National Editorial Association. The usual formal method of presenting merely the “ minutes of the meeting ” is sub¬ stituted for a spicy and illustrated review of the interesting incidents of the trip to and fro, and of the memorable social events and many side lights of this memorable occasion. THE INLAND PRINTER. 215 The papers and addresses are ably edited, and are printed with unusual and satisfactory completeness. Among- the subjects treated are: “The Mechanical Department: The Requirements of an Up-to-date Office,” by several prominent editors; “Electricity in the Pressroom,” by Robert T. Lozier. The forty pages of this issue devoted to the conven¬ tion are well worth careful reading by printers as well as by editors. The Dayton (Ohio) Evening Press bloomed out in a col¬ ored supplement with its inaugural number. The supple¬ ment was devoted to a r6sum^ of Dayton’s progress, illus¬ trated with half-tones of her principal business streets and prominent citizens. The half-tones, which were remarkably clear and well printed, were in brown, the borders and decorations being in three colors. Office and Sanctum is the title of a new 6 by 9 monthly just established at Logansport, Indiana. It is devoted to the interests of publishers and editors of newspapers and printers. Its initiatory number contains full accounts of the meetings of the various State editorial associations and a number of valuable articles on country newspaper man¬ agement. It has a neat cover of light blue with an appro¬ priate illuminated title, printed in dark blue and ochre. The bright and interesting response to the toast of “Journalism” by Rev. Dr. John Watson, “ Ian Maclaren,” at the banquet given in his honor by the Liverpool Press Club, is given in full in the Newspaper-Maker. His refer¬ ences to the American press and newspaper men are true to life and amiably expressed. We quote the closing para¬ graph or two which exhibit Dr. Watson’s sound observation and felicity of expression : “What strikes one so much in the American press is the tendency to brevity. Everything they do is governed by brevity, not only in their papers, but in their conversation. This is a characteristic of the people. You never read a column report of a meeting. What I can best liken it to is as though you were to take an orange and squeeze it, giving simply the juice. Every¬ thing in the paper is set out in the headings, which are, of course, very remarkable, but when you cast your eye down the paper you find exactly what j'ou want. Brevity and an ingenious paragraphism are the two characteristics which mostly impressed me in the American newspapers. Whether the press on this side of the Atlantic is to copy the brevity, or whether the press on the other side is to copy a certain higher tone and dignity, which are the character¬ istics of the press in England, I do not know, but I have a very shrewd idea that the press of America will tell on the press of England in the direction of vivacity, and the press of England is telling, and will tell, on the press of America in the direction of dignity.” Our New Zealand correspondent sends us an interesting topical paragraph upon well-known black-and-white artists, taken from Sj’dney (N. S. W.) Bulletin, which says: Phil May is now among the most interviewed of “lions,” and many and various are the yarns ascribed to him. May loves a joke, and the temptation to draw the long bow must be extreme when still another scribe runs him to earth. But, despite his exceptional popularity and success. May is modest and generous, and would never have sanctioned such a misleading yarn as was published in a recent num¬ ber of the San Francisco Argonaut, which stated that : “ He went to Australia, and by his efforts raised the Sydney Bul¬ letin from an obscure paper to a wide circulation. He then returned to London with a reputation.” Little exception can be taken to the latter sentence, but the first part is unjust and untrue. Several years before Mr. May’s engage¬ ment, the “obscure” paper had become Such a pronounced success that a representative visited America and England to secure the services of a first-class artist, and had the good fortune to engage Mr. Livingston Hopkins, a caricaturist of top rank in that city of brilliant cartoonists — New York. With such an accession the paper continued to increase in circulation and popularity, and when it was decided to further add to the strength of the artistic staff, the then young and comparatively unknown Phil May was engaged, with the result that after four years he returned to London with a much enhanced reputation. No one has better earned his great artistic fame than Phil May, and those who know him best know him to be incapable of making or conveying such a boast as has been attributed to him by the paragraph in question. _ REVIEV OF SPECIMENS RECEIVED. The purpose of this department is to candidly and briefly criticise specimens of printing submitted hereto. The large number of speci¬ mens submitted makes it necessary that all comments shall be brief, and no discourtesy is intended in the seeming bluntness of adverse criticisms. Contributors who fear adverse criticism must give notice that they desire only favorable mention, and should their specimens not deserve praise no comment whatever will be made. Letter-head from the Denver (Colo.) Fidibus. Composition neat, and effective. Presswork fair. Cards, letter-head and blotter from C. L. Sweets, Anniston, Alabama : Composition of an ordinary character, though well done, and presswork good. Prom E. B. Brown, 440 Dundas street, Woodstock, Ontario: Commercial work ; composition artistic, presswork good, selection of colors harmonious, register on two-color samples perfect. From “ Jackson Quick Print,” Waterbury, Connecticut: Some blotters ; designs of unique originality, in various colors. Composition and presswork of excellent quality, and engraving artistic. Ray Printing Company, Lansing, Michigan, know how to do good work of an artistic character. The samples submitted are almost above criticism, either in composition or presswork. Business card from A. R. Ewell, Brcckton, Massachusetts. Composi¬ tion neat and presswork good. A creditable production for a nineteen-year old youth with limited material and opportunities. Ben Evans, with the Nem Era, Parker, South Dakota : Card in three colors. Much time has been expended to produce a mediocre result. A more effective card could have been set without the curving of rule and the use of a tint block. George H. Simmonds, Ottumwa, Iowa, submits card for criticism. By making the name a trifle larger and moving it to the center of the card, and leaving out the hyphens between “ High Grade Commercial,” the card would be much improved. H. C. Porter, Ancram, New York, submits a few samples of commer¬ cial work, the composition and presswork on which are good. On two of the letter-heads, however, set in light-faced type, too much ink has been carried, giving them a muddy appearance. Rbdfiedd Brothers, Pearl street, New York, submit some samples of periodica], booklet and pamphlet printing which are far ahead of the gen¬ eral run of such work. The composition is very good and the presswork and general finish of the productions excellent. Harrington & Benedict, Los Angeles, California, submit some good samples of jobwork. Their own card and bill-head are neatly designed and presswork is excellent, register in the two-color portions being perfect. Artistic treatment is evidenced in all their work. Some very fine samples of presswork are submitted by John Heimpel, pressman, with the Times Publishing Company, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. The half-tone work is excellent, the small jobwork is neat and clean, and two- color work in perfect register. Embossing is bold, clear and good. Business card of Percy F. Smith, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Artistic design, neatly executed and printed in silver, tint, black and red. Composi¬ tion very good, nicely balanced and finished in workmanlike manner. Selec¬ tion of colors harmonious and presswork all that could be desired. A FEW samples of neat typography have reached us from Joseph M. Roseweir, Kilmarnock, Scotland. Composition is uniformly well displayed, but with a slight tendency to too much ornamentation. The circular of Laughlan Bros. & Co. is an excellent piece of work. Presswork is very good. A PACKAGE of general work from the Stone Printing 4 cent an inch. Write ^ for circular. BYRON POPE & CO., Cleveland, Ohio. pOPYING INK spoils rollers, makes double work for pressman and press must run slower. You know that. Now, try Monarch “Special” Reducer on your next run. It overcomes all these annoyances. Ink will flow like black; doesn’t dry or pull rollers. Just a bit in the ink — lasts aU day. No need to stand, glycerin bottle in hand, with eyes on the rollers. Press capacity doubled. Doesn’t affect color. Saves its price in an hour. Send for circular and sample sheets. It’s the only thing of the kind made. We make it; you need it. Monarch Reducer for ordinary inks, and our Electricity Killer and Embossing Compound are also leaders. PRESSMAN’S SUPPLY CO., Kalamazoo, Mich. EMBOSSING DIES — We are headquarters for everything L> in this line. Prices are right. Zinc dies, $1 up, according to size; brass dies, $1.50 up. Send stamp for circular. BURBANK ENGRAVING CO., 683 Washington street, Boston, manufacturers Burbank’s Embossing Com- MEWSPAPER single-column line cuts of photos, in lots of 1 > two or more, $1 each. Double column, $2 each. H. T. JEFFERY, 510 Woodland avenue, Warren, Ohio. PATENT RIGHTS of the best composing stick ever in- L vented. Price reasonable. For information address DAVIS & FELD- MAN, 1006 F street, N. W., Washington, D. C. pHOTO-ENGRAVING — Will make three-color plates for ^ the trade. For terms, etc., address M. WOLFE, 18 East Fourth street, Dayton, Ohio. CTEREOTYPE OUTFITS for both Papier-mach4 and' O Simplex methods. The latter produces plates as sharp and smooth as electros, requires no pasting of tissue and no beating with the brush ; cast¬ ing box by 12 inches; outfit for both methods, $15. Also, White-on- Black and Oranotype Engraving Processes ; plates cast like stereotypes from drawings made on cardboard. The easiest of all engraving processes; $5 for both, including material. Book explaining all of above sent on receipt of $1. Circulars and samples for stamps. HENRY KAHRS, 240 East Thirty-third street. New York. COR SALE — Job printing office, very complete; several 1 large cylinder presses, folders, etc., nearly new; not as complete office outside of New York City ; cost over $15,000, but will seU cheap. Address at once, “R 34,” Inland Printer. COR SALE — Well equipped job printing office, nearly 1 new; elegant opportunity. Price, $1,300. Address W. WILLIAMS, l^^ast Fourth street, Dayton, Ohio. Half interest in job printing office. Splendid busi¬ ness; can easily be doubled. Will sell at three times business for March; third month under present management. FRED PAULY, Eau Claire, Wis. I AM SICK and tired of running the best country news- * paper and job plant in northeastern Iowa. “R 17,” Inland Printer. )\AONTHLY MAGAZINE FOR SALE — We offer for sale D 1 a first-class monthly horticultural magazine, with a subscription list of 100,000. It is well known, and has a large advertising patronage. It will pay nearly 20 per cent on a $25,000 investment; but we are going out of the publishing business and will sell cheap. It’s a great opportunity for some one. “ R 33,” Inland Printer. COUTH AFRICA — Correspondence invited. Agencies un- O dertaken. Printing, publishing, bookbinding, advertising, stationery, fancy goods, bookselling. MARSHALL & HAYNE, Box 2323, Johannes¬ burg^ \WILL exchange one-third interest in prosperous eight- * ’ column Mississippi daily and weekly, and good job plant for interest in printing business in North or West of $2,500 value. Good position with WANTED TO PURCHASE. ANTED — A first-class secondhand outfit for composing room for a trade paper, including galleys, stones, proof press, cases, cabinets, stands, about 500 pounds brevier body and full assortment of dis¬ play type. “ R 20,” Inland Printer. "THE TYPEWRITER PRESS— A money-making specialty. f ADAMSON TYPEWRITER PRESS CO., Muncie, Ind. _ 1A CENTS. HOLLIS CORBIN, St. Johns, Mich. See XU ad. in another column. Gasoline Engines The Most Reliable and Cheapest for Printers. No Engineer; no attention required. Catalogue free. THE VAN DUZEN GASOLINE ENGINE CO., Cincinnati, Ohio. Cl)c iPilkr Perfect Perforator. Perforates while printing. Perforation is neat and clean. Does not inter¬ fere vpith clear impression. Perforates any width, at exact place desired. Easily adjusted. Made of steel to fit any platen job press. W rite for circular. THE MILLER PERFORATOR GO., PuNXSUTflWNEY, Pfl. 226 THE INLAND PRINTER. Cottrell Flat Bed Perfecting Press. To Believe in a Printing Press is the Second Step; You must First Believe in the Man who makes it. The experience of two generations, and the thought and labor of a quarter of a century, have been engrafted into the Cottrell Flat Bed Perfecting Press. It marks the farthest advance of press-building up to date. If you want to kill all competition, you can do it by the ownership of this Press, which doubles your production, halves your expense, gives you twice the capacity on your present floor area, and enables you to complete work in one-third the time now required. Think of this ! In a pressroom just half the size of yotir present one^you can do all the work you are now doings in one-third the time and at one-half the cost. The important feature in this press is the famous “self-shifting tympan.” The unanimous verdict upon this mechanism is all in praise of its wonderful simplicity. It involves no more skill or care than is required for the replenishing of a fountain or the washing of a roller. It can be easily handled by the feeder. Will you not take an early opportunity to see this press in operation? We will gladly accompany you, regardless of any thought on your part to purchase one. We simply want printers to see it. C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. Times Building, 41 Park Row, New York. Chicago Office ; 297 Dearborn Street. D. H. Champlin, Manager. Manufactory: Westerly, R. I. THE INLAND PRINTER. 227 DIXON’S ELECTROTYPERS’ GRAPHITE FOR MOLDING AND POLISHING, DIXON’S belt dressing.. .WHICH prevents ^ SLIPPING AND PRESERVES THE LEATHER, Are two Indispensable Articles for Printers and Publishers. Send for Circulars. JOS. DIXON CRUCIBLE CO., Jersey City, N.J. ST. LOUIS Photo-Engraving (§. <$R. 4TH & PINE STS. 5J LO U 1 5. A? JAPANESE PRINTING AND COPYING PAPERS, JAPANESE PAPER NAPKINS. CHINESE PRINTING AND COLORED PAPERS, Gold, Red, Etc. Samples on application. LIONEL MOSES, importer, 25-27 South William Street, New York, CHARLES L. STURTEVANJ , ATTORNEY AT LAW. THE BACKUS gaIol^ne ENGINES. Simplest and best. Has fewer parts than any Gas Engine built. Can refer to customers who first tried other makes that were failures and then purchased the Backus. Priaters using the Backus Gas Engine : The Times Publishing- Co., Pekin, Ill., 8 horse¬ power, displaced an Otto Engine ; The Tribune Publishing Co., Pekin, Ill., 6 horse¬ power; Gazette Publishing Co., Port Jervis, N. Y., 10 horse -power; Canton Register, Canton, Ill., 6 horse-power; Utica Sunday Tribune Co., Utica, N. Y., 12 horse-powe- B. F. Vogel, Greensburg, Pa., 10 horse-powe; Thomas Printing Co., Mechanicsburg, Pa., 6 horse-power, and many other, ^?”Send for Catalogue. NOTICE. — No Catalogues mailed unless you state what you want to drive. CHICAGO WATER MOTOR AND FAN CO., '7S='77 Lake Street, CHICAGO, ILL. Will it pay you to use Booklets ? He will tell you when, how and where to use booklets; what they should contain and how much they should cost. If he thinks booklets would not do you any good, it will save you a good deal of money to know it ; and if you do use booklets, it will save you as much to know just what kind will give you results. It will cost you $5.00 to have Lewis prepare an eight-page booklet for you. He is General Manager, The Advertisers’ Agency, Philadelphia and Buffalo. ; ATLANTIC BLDG. Washington, D. C. Prouty Electro-Gasoline Engine. 100 Engines for Printers at ONE-HALF THE OLD PRICES for 60 days. ^THE PROUTY CO. Ho Wo IlC®eiiiing! miuatratlnfl, Deatfltilng, jEngravlng and jeiectrotBptng. Send 25 cents for 160-page Catalogue of Stock Engravings. This amount will be credited on your first order amounting to $1.00 or over. ?22 Courtlandt Ave., NEW YORK CITY. LOCK BOX 2374. how To illu^Trale ihoiiiJioi A series oi' beohlels and ivill ii)teresP ev'eiy f^tldress HAf5PEi: THE “SPECIAL” HERCULES GAS ENGINE A Printers’ Engine. 3,000 in Use. One turn of the wheel starts it, and full power is instantly developed. No dirt, no coal, no engineer, no noise, no smoke, no heat, no annoyance. Clean, safe, steady, cheap, strong, automatic, reliable. The Best ! Our Special 2)4 H. P. is the cheapest and best ever ottered the Printer. Power and durability guaranteed. Discount will pay freight. HERCULES QAS ENGINE WORKS, 2% H. P. Special. Write for Catalogue. 405-407 Sansome St., SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. 228 THE INLAND PRINTER. LL Drown Paper gompanp ADAMS, MASS,, U. S. A. LINEN LEDGER AND %ECORD TAPERS For Blank Books, Merchants’’ and Bankers’ Ledgers, County or State Records, / cALL-LINEN TAPERS For Typewriting and Fme Correspondence, TOND TAPERS For Policies, Deeds and Commercial Purposes, HANDMADE TAPERS. We are the only makers of Handmade Paper in the United States, and the increasing de¬ mand for these papers for drawing, water- color painting, correspondence and special book editions, gives ample evidence of their popularity. LC.BwMPaiw [mms, Be 8wre to specify ‘‘Brown's’ paper when Ordering your Blank Books. THE INLAND PRINTER. 229 CONOMIC AUTOMATIC PAPER-FEEDING MACHINE.S6 Over 800 in successful opefation on Cylinder Printing Presses, Folding Machines, Ruling Machines, Calendering Machines, etc. AN be attached to any Cylinder Press, Marginal Folding Machine or Ruling Machine, Adjustments simple, and quickly made. Adapted to small as well as large runs. Press Feeders constructed to carry a load of 5,000 to 18,000 sheets, according to weight of paper. Tape frame of Feeder can be lifted in one minute and press fed by hand if desired. Increases production from 15 to 30 per cent, insures absolutely perfect register, and saves labor and wastage. We can show some of the largest printing and binding establishments completely equipped with the Economic Feeders. It will pay you to investigate. Write to the Sole Agents. E. C FULLER & CO. CHICAGO OmCEs 279 Dearborn Street. 28 Readc Street, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS’ AGENTS $mytb Booh Sewing mncbincs, Smytb €a$e making machines, economic Paper-feeding machines, ehambers folding machines, Christie Beoeling machines, Jlcme and other gutting machines, eiliott thread Stitching machines, Uniyersal mire Stitching machines, eilis Holler Backer, Peerless Hotary Perforators, MACHINES FOR BOOKBINDEilS AND PRINTERS. Duplicate Parts for Machines, Tape, Wire, Thread, Oil, etc. COMPLETE OUTFITS. 2-8 230 THE INLAND PRINTER. GoLUMm OPTI\lU^ Stands Ibigb Hbone all others. The Babcock Printing- Press Manu¬ facturing Co. hold patents covering the delivery used on the Optimus, and also patents covering various de¬ vices for accomplishing practically the same result. The popularity of the Optimus has led some manufacturers to attempt to deliver the sheets in the same position. We take this means to call the atten¬ tion of all concerned to the fact that damages for infringements can be col¬ lected from either the user or the maker of such infringing device, and also to notify such persons that the Babcock Printing Press Manufacturing Co. will protect its rights by such means as it shall deem best. WE GUARANTEE : The Finest Delivery, the Fastest Two-Revolution of its size, and a Thoroughly First-class Press in every way. BABCOCK PBINTING PRESS MEG. CO., new London, conn. BARNHART BROS. & SFINDLER, | builders of General Western Agents, ||| 183 to 187 Monroe St., GflICflGO, ILL. •{• Minnesota Tvpe Foundry Co., St. Paul, Minn. ^ n Type Foundry, Kansas City, Mo. 4* OPTIJIllUS Two-Revolullon, STANDARD Drum Cylinder, DISPATCH Sinflie Revolution, REGULAR, COUNTRY it on application. AND OTHER CYLINDE.R PRESSES. PAPER RUTTING MACHINE. Speciality since 1S55. MACHINERY FOR THE WHOLE PAPER INDUSTRY. Over 800 Hands. YEARLY PRODUCTION: 3,700 MACHINE^. A 11 120 .86 lo:i .5 |120 0 |245 0| :{40 ICO ! 8 0 ICO I 8 0 200 llO 0| L ' iJ’jOoo I' Prices are understood for delivery at iiiy works — Lei]Kig and include 2 knives of best iihality, 2 cutting sticks, spanner and oil can. Packing cases extra. For nuotatinn — delivery free doinieile — please apply direct to my .sole agents ■' Messrs. KAMPE & CO., 76 High Holborn, LONDON W.O. JCarl J(rausej Xeipjig Engineer. THE INLAND PRINTER. 231 ^***** Received Medal of Supe¬ riority at the American Institute Fair, New York, over every other motor in competition. . £undell l7)otor$ For Direct Connection to any Type of Printing Press or Machine ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Entire Printing and Bookbinding Establishments equipped with Lundell Motors and Gantroilers, Enormous losses and inconvenience of shafting and belting obviated. Most compact, efficient and reliable motors on the market. Illustrated catalogue upon application. ^ mm *.4.' ^ 6encral Offices ana Works : liturior Conduit and Insulation Co., 527 w«$t 34tb$tmt. nm york city. B ARQAINS in Secondhand PRESSES ^ WE ADVERTISE 5, ONLY STOCK IN $ OUR ^ WAREROOM. 150.. 42 x 60 Campbell Two - Revolution, four -roller, table distribution, job and book . 151.. 41x56 Campbell Two -Revolution, four -roller, table distribution, job and book . . . 152.. 41x56 Campbell Two -Revolution, four -roller, table distribution, job and book . . . . . 148.. 37x52 Hoe Two-Revolution, four-roller, table distribution . 139. .38 X 54 Taylor Three-Revolution, air spring’s, tape delivery ....... - ......... . . . 120.. 34 x 52 Cottrell & Babcock Drum Cylinder, air springs, tape delivery, two-roller, rack and screw. 153.. 35 x51 Hoe Drum Cylinder, four-roller, table distribution, wire springs and tape delivery... 101. .32x46 Six-column Quarto Hoe Drum, two-roller, wire springs, tape delivery . 123.. 24x30 Cottrell & Babcock Drum Cylinder, air springs, tapeless delivery . 131.. 24 x 29 Hoe Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape delivery, rack and screw . . . . . . 130. .17x24 Potter Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape¬ less delivery . 132. .23 x 28 Taylor Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape 1 delivery . . . | 127.. 17x21 Cincinnati Pony Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape delivery, rack and screw . j 149. .16 x21 Hoe Pony Drum Cylinder, tapeless deliv- j ery, wire springs, rack and screw distribution. . . MISCELLANY. Special. — Johnston Steel Die Power Stamper, auto¬ matic feed and wiper, with patent ink-saving attachment. Good as new. 134 . . Brown Combination Folding Machine, taking sheet 32 x 48, 2, 3 or 4 fold, with insert or cover, four pasters and three trimmers . 109 .. Seven-column Quarto Kendall Folding Machine, with paster and trimmer . 142. .Two H. P. Sprague Electric Motor, 110 voltage. . FULL LINE OF NEW O. S. GORDON PRESSES AT MANUFACTURERS’ PRICES. Should you be In need of anything not listed here, write us, for our stock is constantly changing and Increasing. We are doing business for your benefit as well as for our own. Favor us and get fair, honest and money-saving treatment Our storeroom is ample for display of machinery. All of our secondhand machinery Is thoroughly and carefully rebuilt and fully guaranteed. Telephoae, Main 3726. Bronson Printers’ Machinery and Warehouse Co. H. BRONSON, President and Oen’l Manager. 48 AND 50 NORTH CLINTON STREET, CHICAGO. PRIGBS TO SUIT YOU. 232 THE INLAND PRINTER. ClK Bennett Electro Cabinet WITH INDEX — a Necessity. Have you any system for keeping- your Electros ? Do you know how many or what you have ? Can anyone in your office find any particular cut at once ? Is your foreman’s memory your only index ? What proof have you that the electro called for is or is not in your possession ? Cbe Rockford Tolder Co. MAKERS, RccKford, Illinois. This cabinet is well and neatly made of oak. Will store 800 average sized electros or cuts, ©©©©©©©©o©©©©©.©© The Price is so Drawers, 14 X 18 X 1 inches. Floor Space, 42x20 inches. Shipping Weight, 2ro lbs. THE OTTO GAS ENGINE WORKS, (INCORPORATED) Cor. 33d and Walnut Sts., No. 245 Lake Street, jVcw Champion press Co. Dealers in JOB PRINTING PRESSES, PHILADELPHIA. CHICAGO. No. 41 Centre Street, New York. THE INLAND PRINTER. 233 SPECIAL^ PRINTING^ MACHINERY. Meisel’s new Rotary Perfecting Press, for fine Half-tone print¬ ing' at 3,000 to 5,000 per hour; one color on each side, or from one to' five colors on one side, and one or two on reverse side. ROTARY WRAPPING PAPER PRESS This outfit prints and delivers rewound and slit into rolls of any width, or into sheets, from rolls any width up to 48 inches. AND PLATEN SELF FEEDING PRESS, No. 1 lo 12 )-2x36 inches. The Double Quarto and C^arto are built on the same principle; also Double Quarto and Quarto printing on both sides. At¬ tachments fitted to either for slitting, per¬ forating, numbering, bronzing, etc. . PONY CYLINDER PRESS Simplest machine on the market, combin¬ ing all the latest improved features, with fewest parts. Will do finest grade of print¬ ing, and ordinary work, at capacity of feeder. Always ready for any kind of a job. SPECIAL BOTARY PRESS Prints both sides of web and rewinds. Size, 30x30. Any size built to order. Attachment to. cot printed web into sheets of fixed sizes may be added. BED AND PLATEN SI FEEDING PRESS, No. Prints a form any size up to 13 x 27 inches; takes paper any width up to 19 inches, and is adiustable by eighths of inches to cut sheets up to 30 inches long. By dividing fountain several colors can be printed at a time. PRINTING, CUTTING AND SCORING Designed especially for Folding Paper Box Makers ; will do the work automatically of four ordi¬ nary presses now in general use ; built in several sizes. ROLL SLITTING AND REWINDING MACHINE For slitting and rewinding all grades of paper material, into rolls of varying width and diameter, from the thinnest tissue to box board. Different kinds of machines to suit material and class of work, IMPROVED ROUTING MACHINE Handiest combination machine for routing flat and curved elec¬ tro and stereotype plates. Built to fit any diameter of printing press cylinder If you a,re looking for Printing Machinery for some specialty ^ write to us, THE KIDDER PRESS MANUFACTURING CO., 26-34 Norfolk Ave., BOSTON, MASS. 234 THE INLAND PRINTER THE LEADING Printing Ink KAST at BMINOER Makers of all kinds of Lithographic, Printing and Fine Half-tone Inks, Printing Inks for Bookbinders, Colors for Lithographers and Printers, Transparent Lithographic Inks, Tin Printing Inks, Lichtdruck Inks, Plate Printers’ Colors, Oils, Varnishes, etc., and Importers of Bronze Powders. THREE-COLOR PROCESS INKS A SPECIALTY. LITHOGRAPHERS' SUPPLIES. CHAS. HELLMUTH, Agent Office and Factory ; 46 - 48 East Houston Street, NEW YORK. DoloiiWai|laBaryali|?.xe COMPARE THESE PRICES: Hffie Double .Cylinder, box frame, all modern improvements, will take 7.a)lumn, 8-pag'e, ............. SI,® 50 Hoe Double Cylinder, box frame, all modern improvements, take 8-col., 8-p., with two Dexter Folders (new style) attached, 1,65© Hoe Three-Be volution, bed 36x54, ......... 77S Hoe Drum Cylinder, bed 36 x 54, tapeless delivery, three rollers, 55® Hoe Pony Drum, bed 21x23, ............ 30© Hoe Drum Cylinder, bed 23 x 28,' . 3585 Cottrell A Babcock. Two-Kevolution, bed 42 xS6, 4-roller, cylinder trip, .................. 1,000 Campbell Country Cylinder, take 6-column, 8-page, . . 38S Campbell “ Complete,” tapeless delivery, take 6-col., 8-page, 390 Cottrell A Babcock Drum Cylinder, bed 33 x 46, four- roller, tapeless delivery, air springs, ........... 600 Campbell Oscillator, bed 33 x 46, four rollers, table distribution, 390 Campbell Two- Revolution, bed 38x56, four rollers, . . . 1,050 O-Column, S-Fage Cylinder Press, ........ 400 5- Column Folio Cylinder Press, ......... 875 8-ColUmn, 8-page Stonemet® Folder, for periodical or newspaper, ................... 550 y-Column, 8-Page Dexter Folder, ......... 250 y-Colilmn, 8-Page Stonemet® Folder, . 24© 6- Colttmn, S-P^e Stonemet* Folder, ....... 210 Half Medium Fnlversal, F. & S., . gio 10 X 15 Baltimore Jobber, with impression throw-oif, fast and loose pulley, ................... 95 8 X 18 ©ordon, with impression throw-off and S. F., .... 85 y X 11 Pearl Press, ................ 60 10x15 U-ordoii, . 110 8 X 18 €r©ldlng J obber, . . . 8S 30-lneli Fever Cutter, .............. 8S 80-Incli Fever Cutter, .............. 75 SS-imcIi. Sheridan Cutter, steam power and hand, .... 150 Washington Hand Presses, aU sizes. If you do not see what you want, please write RICHARD PRESTON, “ New England Agent for Dexter Folding Machines. The perfect ideal has been attained in this book — “Hints on Imposition.” It contains the most complete instructions for the imposition of book forms. It is the best printers’ hand¬ book published. As an instructor it is IDEAL AN ACKNOWLEDGED LEADER! It is published in pocket size (4 inches by 6 inches), which makes it a convenient companion. The subject of the imposition of forms for books of all sizes and kinds is treated in plain terms, which may be easily understood by Journeyman or apprentice. The work abounds in illustrations, and the folded sheet Is placed beside the form, showing the relation of each to the other. Several chapters are allotted to margins in the form and book, imposition and locking up of pages of unequal size in a form, register, gripper margin, envelope forms, etc. Price, leather, $1.00. Sent postpaid on receipt of price. THB INLAND PRINTER COMPANY, -212=214 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 235 AMERICAN ENAMEL BOOK is the King of Book and Catalogue Papers^ because it possesses every printings binding and wearing quality that is essential to secure high- class work* A catalogue printed on American Enamel Book is like a piece of furniture built from solid polished mahogany* If it were printed on one of the many cheap coated papers now on the market^ it would be like the same piece of furniture built from varnished pine^ — that^s about the difference* American Enamel is an honest sheet— the same all the way through* ^ Bright, . clean, natural tone* ^ Splendid printing sur- . face, and it^s strong* Prints well, folds and | binds well, and lasts well* ^ Can^t lift or ^ I' peel* ^ Coat is incor- porated with the stock ff (which, by the way, is rag stock). Those ^ ' who were the most skeptical are now its ~ warmest friends. ^ ^ They doubted its ^ . printing quality, but their printing press, \ in mechanical sort of way, told them 'J #1 m 1 better* ^ If you want to put a sheet into your high-grade cata¬ logue and book work ^^1 that is worthy, that has something to rec- ommend it in addi¬ tion to printing sur- ^^.ce, that gives you a sense of having put ^ ^ - ^ ^ an honest piece of work on an honest paper, insist on having AMERICAN ENAMEL BOOK* ^ The record of its increased sale tells a most convincing tale of its friend-making habits* ^ It can be had at the price of the low-grade coated products, and only from the se'AMERICAN PAPER COMPANY^ 50 to 56 Custom House Court, Chicago* Send for samples, printed and plain* ^ N*B***The genuine is now put up with our special ream-mark* 236 THE INLAND PRINTER. O Xypesetter USES ORDINARY TYPE. NO SPECIAL NICKS. Sets anv length of line, and is operated successfully bv anv compositor. Mmohme Enoeos 0 Limited, P^nim® Sttireeilo Mew Ycuirlko The EMMERICH B mt\m dnd Dusting IDacbine Guaranteed output of 2000 sheets or more per hour. Capacity of large sizes limited only by speed of the printing press. Special ^ 44ft 444 i444ii%l4 ^ 71 A44 Aftll a144* cinlliCi ICI/ ^ vOndCrld/r^ 191 and 193 morth St. Machines for Photographic Mounts and Cards, )VIfg. Co. Prepared Gums, Glues, Sizes and Finishes . Pastes, Cements . Mucilages . 15 Gold Street, New SPHINX PAD CEMENT SPHINX LIQUID GLUE^No.^2 MACHINE GUM ACME ELASTIC COMPOSITION pack“Tno? wrinkle the f aper. ARABOL MUCILAGE, XX FLEXIBLE GLUE THE INLAND PRINTER. 237 (Uben Coming to Cbicago, ^ ^ The Battle Still On Remember the headquarters for anything and everything in the line of Printers' Material and Machinery is still at the old location, 139 and 141 Monroe Street, Been there many years — long before the ^‘big fire.” We make a specialty of Rebuilt Machinery, and here arc a few of the bargains we have in that line ; Cylindei* presses. 41 x60 Campbell, two-roller, two-revolution press, with table distribu- bution and front delivery, . $1,300 38 x 53 Campbell Intermediate, two-revolution, two-roller press, . 1,200 33 x 47 Cottrell & Co. Monarch Drum Cylinder, table distribution, g-ood as new, . 900 24 x 30 Cottrell extra heavy job and book press, with all modern im¬ provements, .......... 875 21 x 28 Cranston Improved Commercial Press, tapeless and with all late improvements, . 600 34x50 Cranston, two-revolution, four-roller press, .... 1,000 A large line of lower priced presses for newspaper work, of various sizes and makes. Lithogfapb presses. We have a number of Lithograph Presses, on which we will be pleased to quote prices and terms. Among the Lithograph Presses are : Two No. 3 Potters, one No. 3 Campbell (24 x 32), two No. 0 Campbells (35x49) and one Hughes & Kimber Press. In 'Job presses We carry constantly a large line of Gordons, Universals and Peerless Presses of different sizes, that are sold at close figures. Bookbinders^ JMacbinery. We have quite a complete outfit for a small bindery, including Table Shears, Standing Presses, Numbering Machines, Wire Stitchers, Per¬ forators, etc. Also, Gas and Gasoline Engines and Folding Machines at very close prices. In short, for anything and everything that is used in a printing office, write to or call upon AIVIERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS’ CO. MARDER-LUSE BRANCH, 139-141 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. But the point of attack varies. The Sterlings go without saying at present. Now Notice Our Superfine and Extra No. /, Pasted BristolSy Mill Bristol Boards Wedding Folios. Novelties in Finish. Water Color, Bgg Shell, Crepe, Momie Cloth. If you want the Newest Wrinkle, send to us for sam¬ ples. If you want something that no one else makes, we can do it for you. mortby Paper Company, Mittineague, Mass. mmmmmiimmiimimimimmmt Gladiator,.. $85 Spartacus,.. $65 Commodore, $40 (Youth's) Bicycles They need no better recommenda¬ tion than the satisfaction they give. All strictly High-Grade and fully guaranteed. Gladiator Gycle Works 109-11-13-15 West 14th St. Send for Handsome Art Catalogue — FREE. ...Ghica^o. 238 THE INLAND PRINTER. for Your Low-prked Jobs a g-ood profit can be assured, satisfying- your customers at the same time. Oakwood. a very fine looking paper, water-marked; liked where- ever introduced. Flat, 7c. per lb.; ruled, 8c. per lb. lOO-lb. Colored Bnstols, assorted colors, at 70c. per 100 sheets. Sold everywhere at 80c. and upward. 3 -ply Bristol Blanks^ 22x28, thick and handy, only $1.20 per 100 sheets. Sold everywhere at from $1.25 to $1.50 per 100. Duplex Lithe Blanks, 4-ply, coated both sides, highly finished, at $2.00 per 100 sheets. Cannot be duplicated anywhere at $2.50 per 100. Onion Card and paper Co. 198 OTiUiatn Street, New ARE ALL OTHER SMALL SIZE CUTTERS BY THE..... ...UtiUtT For Accurate "Work and Length of Service they cant be beat. Fitted with Patent Clamp for Cutting Narrow Strips. They are Guaranteed. ! woms. Tor all classes of work. • « Simple, eheap and Tnfdllieie. NO chemicals, no expen¬ sive plants. The only process adapted to daily newspaper illustration. Com¬ plete outfits, $15.00 and up¬ wards, according to size. A simple machine renders pre¬ vious knowledge of engraving unnecessary for the repro- WRITE US. HOKE ENGRAVING duction of cuts. With outfits local papers can produce their own illustrations and stereo¬ type their standing ads., etc. chinery, power saws, routers, etc. Our combined machines are the best on the market. We warrant everything. PLATE CO., If You Buy Printing Inks, REMEMBER : That they are made of Colors and Varnishes. That it costs money to sell, pack and ship Colors. That it costs money to sell, pack and ship Varnishes. You Can Save These expenses of the color-maker, These expenses of the varnish-maker, and The profits of the two makers By Buying J. M. HUBER’S Inks, For he makes at his works all Dry and Pulp Colors, Varnishes and the best Printing Inks that are made, from start to finish. Try Them ! 76-98 40th St„BM0KOT, 11. Cbe Central Paper Company, Nos. 177 & 179 Monroe Street, CHICAGO, mammam SAMPLES ARE NOW READY. 'wmmmm Put all their Ruled Papers up in Boxes with five Tablet Boards in each box* ENGRAVED WEDDING INVITATIONS, ANNOUNCEMENTS, AT HOMES, In the most approved forms. Lowest prices. CALLING CARDS, MONOGRAM STATIONERY. STEEL DIE^ EMBOSSED LETTER-HEADS, ENVELOPES. CATALOGUE COVERS, e ...Comtnencemeiit Tneifaflons... WM. FREUND & Sons, NO. 156 STATE STREET, CHICAGO. Don't Stick Me, but Stick these GAUGE PINS into your tympan, and you won’t get stuck in getting a good- regis- platen.. There is a way, better than another, as that keeps the final position, dr~ slightly ai ’ , MEQILL, THE INLAND PRINTER. 239 Send for Supplements To “ No. 9” Cover Sample Book, showing the late additions to line of Covers. The book is not complete without the Supplements. We have sent out a large number. If we have missed you, advise us at once. B. S. ROOKS, Receiver of ILLINOIS PAPER CO., 181 Monroe St, Chicago. Book, Cover, Document, Manila Papers, etc. W. C. GILLETT, President. A. T. HODGE, Vice-President and Treasurer. GEORGE D. FORREST. Secretary. Make and Sell E^ery Kind of «t-Papcr... USED BY PUBLISHERS AND PRINTERS. Send for Our New Catalogue. _ inii> _ CHICAGO PAPER COMPANY, 120 & 122 FRANKLIN ST. CHICAGO. We Manufacture Ledgers, Superfines, Fines, Bonds, Linens, Colored Flats, Bristols, Ruled Stock, Wedding Stock, etc., etc. HEADQUARTERS FOR ■ ■ ■ LOFT.DRIED FLAT WRITINGS, EMBOSSED BOARDS, FANCY PAPERS, RULED HEADINGS, ENVELOPES, WEDDING STOCK, Etc. All of ths above stock manufactured by our own mlHi. Oapaoity 30 tons daily. mple Book of oip complete line of Flats and Ruled Headings, with quotations. n applies . Small as well as large mail er ■oUcltsd. YHEBER WELLS Successor to Vanderburgh, Wls & Co. 157=159 William St., NEW YORK, Printers’ materials “Strong Slat” Cases ‘ • STRONG SLAT ’ ’ is not a fancy n , means that the slats are practically indestru ble. No better cases made. Catalog-ues sent to recognized printe -^eOYERS^ Plain Smooth Laid Antique Laid “tlster” Linen, Smooth and Rough “Ashmere” Linen, Smooth and Rough “Unique,” Smooth and Rough “White Star” “Princess,” Smooth and Rough “Abbotsford” Deckle-Edge “Shandon” Deckle-Edge “Noiseless” Deckle-Edge “Fort Dearborn,” Enameled “Whitefriars,” Double Enameled “Armory” Linen, Double Enameled “Yellowstone” Manila, Enameled Embossed “Ulster” Linen Embossed “Unique” Embossed “Princess” Embossed “Fort Dearborn” Embossed “Yellowstone” Colored S. & S. C. Book Colored Coated Book “Rialto” Coated Book Document Manila James White & Company, ( CORPORATION ) PAPER DEALERS, Telephone, Express 672. 177 Monroe St., CHICi' PAPER FOR PRINTERS, PUBLISHERS, ADVERTISERS AND LARGE CONSUMERS DIRECT FROM THE MANUFACTURERS. Leatherette Is waterproof and imitates leather in all grains and colors. For cut=flush covers it has no equal. Send for samples to Jl. W. Pope & Co. General Agents, 45 High St, BOSTON. TIE UD PRINTER MPOffiiU OF PRINlfi A Full and Concise Explanation of all the Technical Points in the 'Printing Trade, for the Use of the Printer and his Patrons. TABLE OF CONTENTS. rophe — Capitalization — style : The Use and Non-use of Figpires, Abbre¬ viations, Italicizing, Quotations — Marked Proof — Corrected Proof— Proof¬ reader’s Marks — Make-up of a Book — Imposition and Sizes of Books — Sizes of the Untrimmed Leaf— Type Standard — Number of words in a Square Inch — Relative Sizes of Type — Explanation of the Point System — Weight of Leads Required for any Work — Number of Leads to the Pound — To Print Consecutive Numbers — To Prevent Coated Paper from Peeling — Engraving and Illustrating— Definitions of the Principal Technical Terms Used in Fine Bookbinding— Relative Values of Bindings — Directions for Securing Copyright— Correct Sizes of Flat Writing Papers — Sizes of Ruled Paper — Regular Envelope Sizes — Standard Sizes of Newspapers — Leads for Newspapers — Newspaper Measurement — Imposition of Forms. Convenient Vest Pocket Size. Neatly Bound in Leather, Round Corners. 86 pages. Price, 50 cts., postpaid. 240 THE INLAND PRINTER. ENGRAVERS A^D ELECTROTYPERS. 165-167 vVdamsSt. cnrcAGO. TELEPHONE MAIN 3488. 7 HIGH GRADE WORK IN AIL PROCESSES ® BRANCH orriGC5: NewYobk. Chicago & Cincinnati. FRED’K H LEVEY CO. THE LEADING PRINTING!. INK MANUFACTURERS,! 59BEEKMAN ST. NEW YORK. FRED’K H. LEVEY, CHAS E. NEWTONj PRESIDENT. VICE-PRESIDENT. | THE INLAND PRINTER. 241 THE J. W. O^BANNON CO. 72 DUANE ST., NEW YORK. Bookbinder^ Supplies. Selling Agents tor Importers of German Book Cloth, Correspondenee solicited. Skytogeae, etc. \ Printers’ Rollers and < » Composition ' 18 North Second Street ST. LOUIS, MO. BSTABblSHBD 1872 ^>HQro PROCESS E/HOI RAVERS we AIM AT THE BE 5T PRINTIHfr qvALi Tr«^ ’ LATES THI^ WwsON-llAffNER EntfraVin^Co. — deni/er. — Printers’ Rollers.. BEST and CHEAPEST GODFREY & CO. 909 Sansom Street, Philadelphia, Pa. ^filTH COWiON-SENSE ■^Perforator Perforates simultaneously while Makes a clear perforation. No cutting of rollers and packing. Can be adjusted in a few seconds. Will last for years. Sent on receipt of price, $10, by SMITH PERFORATOR CO. 1310 Filbert St., Philadelphia, Pa. We have taken particular pains to procure a very superior Copper for Half-tone, Ground and Polished our Copper to be the best they have ever used Our Copped Plates are manufactured with the greatest care and are free from hollows, waves or flaws of any kind We can furnish this Zinc, Ground and Polished for Line Etching Hard and Fore or Soft Zinc of superior quality. Sheets or plates of any size or gauge required. AMERICAN STEEL AND COPPER PLATE COMPANY, ISO Nassau Street, New York. r SLADE, HIPP & MELOY 71-73 W. Monroe St. CHICAGO. Announcement \X/E beg to announce to the trade that 'zve have purchased “ ' the entire stock of the Chicago Agency of the AMERI¬ CAN STRAW BOARD COMPANY, located at 7t and 73 West Monroe Street, Chicago, and shall continue the business at the same place. ^ We trust that zve may be favored voith a continuation of your patronage in the future as in the past. SLADE, HiPP & MELOY, GLUE Send for samples and prices of our SPECIAL Booktinders’ Glut. IT’S THE BBSTI BINDERS’ FLEXIBLE COMPOSITION JUST THE THING FOR BACKING. ARMOUR GLUE WORKS. ARMOUR & CO., Proprietors. New York Office, 182 Duane St. qeneral o^f'ces; Boston Office, 39 Commercial Wharf. 205 La Salle Street, ChiCagO, 111. UNCLE SAM wants bright men to fill positions l| underthe Government. Splendid ^ Pos'ta rServfce' a 1 on e, f ofw hTc h exami nations will be held in June and Augi: in all cities. Particulars about d “ ‘ - places of examinations (Custon Railway Mail, Departmental, et H. Griffin & Sons, ESTABLISHED 1833, BOOKBINDERS’ AND POCKETBOOK MAKERS’ SUPPLIES. MQRQCOLINE V^i-ion^ol Le.bei) 54 AND 56 DUANE STREET New York City. L.OVEJOY CO.’S DRY PAPER MATRIX (patented.) Will keep in any climate. Ready for use when wanted. Just the thing for offices where there is but a limited amount of stereotyping. No sweat box necessary. Easy t( when using the ordin. blanketi matrix. In sheets 19x24 inches. by mall or express to any part of the Can be se , . _ ^ ^ _ world. Send 12 cents in stamps for halt-sheet sample by mail. Price, $1.S0 per dozen. THE LOVEJOY CO. YATES MFG. CO. FRANE G. STEWART, |p>boto=(rbromotYpe lEnoravino (To. 719 Vine Street, ■ ■ - PHILADELPHIA. We solicit your correspondence if you appreciate GOOD CDAUTT— LOW PRICE — PROMPTNESS. 242 THE INLAND PRINTER. l™^nNEST I SLEEPING CARS , IN THl WORLD Chicago ^ Great ^ Western , 0H.CA60 TO ST. PAUL AND MINNEAPOLIS zt laiiiiiiiaiiiiiiw ZT ^yLom5VlllE.KEWALB*IIYSCHICA60 RY.CO.((0 The NASHVILLE EXPOSITION WITH STOP-OVER AT MAMMOTH CAVE, KY. c4ND WEST BADEN AND FRENCH LICK SPRINGS. FRANK J, REED, General Passenger Agent, CHICAGO. City Ticket Office, 232 Clark Street. ^ TRADE MARKS, DESIGNS, COPYRIGHTS ac. Anyone sending a sketch and description may quickly ascertain, free, whether an invention is probably patentable. Communications strictly confidential. Oldest agency for securing pirtents in America. We have a Washington office. Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive special notice in the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, beautifully illustrated, largest circulation of any scientific journal, weekly, terms $3.fl0 a year; $1.50 six months. Specimen copies and Hand Book on Patents sent free. Address MUNN & CO., 361 Brondwny, New York. 1897 The VERY LATEST the »0U.SE0U» “HICKOK” BOOKBINDERS paper'^rulers MACHINERY^ AND KNOW HOW GOOD IT IS. WRITE US FOR PRICES ON BICYCLES OF OUR MAKE-THEY ARE HONEST “SQUARE BUILT.” THE W. 0. HICKOK MFG. CO. Harrisburg, Pa. W Cbe munson Cypewritcr IS “THE BEST’’ HPiCHINE. The Highest Grade Standard of Excellence. Controlled by no Trust or Combine, Contains many desirable features heretofore overlooked by other manufacturers. Address for particulars : The Munson Typewriter Co. MANUFACTURERS, 24»-244 W. Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. N. B.—Good Agents wanted. THE INLAND PRINTER. 243 ELECTRIC MOTORS DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO ALL MAKES OF PRINTING PRESSES. NO BELTS, NO DIRT, NO GEARS, NO NOISE. More Efficient than Shaft¬ ing or Belting. Attached to any Press. Easy to Regulate. Not at all in the way. Cheaper than any other method of operation. The Bullock Electric Jlfg. Co. NEW YORK: St. Paul Building, BOSTON : 8 Oliver St. PHILADELPHIA: 662 Bourse Building, ATLANTA: G. H. Wade, 708 Gould Building, DENVER: Thos. H. Smith, 1724 Champa St. CHICAGO : 623 Western Union Building, ST. LOUIS : St. Louis Electrical Supply Co., 911 Market St. LOUISVILLE : Wood & Speed, 23S Fifth St. SPOKANE : Eleaser Darrow, 14 and 17 Temple Court, 2iiE 1032 BROKDiniHY, - - - CINCIMNHTI, OHIO. Cray’s Ferry Printing Ink Works. C C. ROBINSON & BRO. 198 CLARK Street, - CHICAGO. S6-88 Fultoa Street, NEW YORK. 710 Saasom Street, PHILADELPHIA. 124 Hopkias Place, BALTIMORE, MD. EVERY PRINTER WANTS - “ Profitable fidoertisins’’ THE ADVERTISER’S TRADE JOURNAL. Fully illustrated, bright, original, up-to-date on all Advertising Topics. The handsomest publication of its kind. in AtO, brings a sample copy if you mention lU Uudi The Inland Printer. KATE E. GRISWOLD, Ed. and Pub., 13 School Street, BOSTON, MASS. Magna Gharta Bond /\ds. The complete set of 148 de¬ signs submitted in the recent advertisement competition of the Riverside Paper Com¬ pany can now be obtained in book form. This is a v; ' able work for the compositor, the apprentice, the advc THE INLAND PRINTER CO., Publishers, ISO Nassau Street, ~ 214 Monroe Street, comer Spruce, New York. Chicago. CINCINNATI TO CHICAGO. OPEN AND COMPARTMENT SLEEPING CARS ON NIGHT TRAINS. The only line mnning 4 trains every day Cincinnati to flichigan Points. D. 0. EDWARDS, General Passenger Agent, CINCINNATI, OHIO. Cbc ^ Red A Monthly Magazine under the art management of E. B. Bird. An exponent of the younger artists and literary men of the country. Letter Hawe you subscribed? JO cents a copy, $J.OO per year. 88 Boylston Street, Boston, JVIass. Almost Used Up! But a Few Copies Left in stock of the following hand¬ somely illustrated and standard works, indispensable to any Engraver and Photographer. Penrose: Process Year Book, 1896, . ;^1.00 Robinson : Elements of Pictorial Photography, . . 1.25 WALL: Artistic Landscape Photography, . . 1.25 The Inland Printer Co. 244 THE INLAND PRINTER. No. 845. 60c. No. 848. 50c. 1 1 THE INLAND PRINTER. 245 ^/Iccount Booli Shows COST, PROFIT, LOSS, Facilitates estimating^ and prevents costly errors in quoting prices. Is of great value as a reference book. Reduces bookkeeping one-half. THEREFORE..... Saves MONEY, TIME, TROUBLE .....ON EACH JOB DONE. T W I \»A f t 3 HERE has been considerable discussion among correspondents of The Inland Printer as to the best method of determining the cost of job work. The writers agree that it is exceedingly difficult to arrive at the exact cost of producing finished work,.^ ^ A satisfactory solution of the problem cannot _ always be obtained by exchanging views in this way. By adopting the method embodied in The Inland Printer Account Book, which is acknowledged by hundreds of practical and progressive printers to be a thoroughly systematic and business-like way of keeping accounts, you will secure a plan of keeping track of orders that is thoroughly reliable. Printers cannot afford, in these times of close competition, to guess at the cost of doing work. There is no necessity of guessing if this Book is used. Fill out the blank lines and foot the columns and the actual cost to the office of the work done is easily ascertained. ^ ^ The only way to stop the ruinous policy of reckless estimating is for printers to adopt a system of keeping accounts that will show what they make or lose on every job turned out. They will thus find where their own interests lie, and exercise extreme caution in quoting figures. If printers will adopt this Book, much of the difficulty of ^'making ends meet^^ in conducting business will be avoided. The exa.ct cost of work is what very few printers can accurately determine under their present methods of bookkeep¬ ing. Buy one of these Books and start on an era of prosperity. Send for specimen sheet and circular. THE BOOKS are substantially bound with leather backs and corners, and cloth sides, and are of the flat-opening style. Size of page, x inches. Printed on good paper, and paged throughout. Prices are but little more than such books blank would cost. NET PRICES / 400=page book foi 2,000 jobs, 1 2oo=page book for 1,000 jobs. $5-00 3.50 Order The Inland Printer Account Book from any Type Foundry or Printers^ Supply House in the United States, or direct from ..... The Inland Printer Co. 214 Monroe St., CHICAGO, ILL., U.S.A. 246 THE INLAND PRINTER. Inland Printer Business Biregtory. Reade^street, New York. "'khSU— BRASS TYPE FOUNDERS. *"Sasas~— b.bctrotvpbr|.^an^d™«cbss "T.jcS'js sr';s,S;ioS'‘'' ™“ ‘“■L? srs.“Au.r^'wSrsft,?er cent for cash with order. Six-to-pica Brass Rules, any styles shown in this specimen, sold at 5 cents per foot, less 5 Best workmanship guaranteed. KISSINGER & LAU, 73 to 79 Fulton St. _ NEW YORK. Largest Maaufacitirers of Printers’ Brass Goods in the United States. PHILADELPHIA BRANCH: CHICAGO BRANCH: 424 Library Street. 337-339 Dearborn Street. J. M. HUBER ( Tine Colors, MAKER OF Pure Uarnisbes, I Best Inks. FACTORY: MAIN OFFICE: Patentees of the “Standard” All-Brass Galley. Ask your dealer for : It is the best and the cheapest. 76-90 40th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 275 Water St., New York. LEADING SPECIALS. 2- Quire Box of Embossed Paper HvUh Envelopes at 45 c* 5 -Quire Box of Embossed Paper voith tv)0-tetter Monogram and Envelopes at . . . . . $t. 25 SEND FOR CIRCULARS. ENGRAVED Wedding Invitations, Announce¬ ments, At Homes, in the most approved forms. Lowest Prices. Calling Cards, Monogram Stationery. STEEL DIE EMBOSSED Letter-Heads, En¬ velopes, Catalogue Covers, etc. WM. FREUND & SONS, Write for Samples and Prices. 155 State St, CHICAGO. For your Fine Jobs an additional profit will be assured by using- our DBBRLAKB MILLS, Pure White Wove, strong and snappy, at 12c. per lb. Equal to any 13 or 14 cent paper. Also in Ruled Headings. SARANAC LINEN, Pure White Laid, extra strong, at 14c. per lb. You pay 17c. for no better. Also in Ruled Headings and Envelopes. OLB VERMONT BOND. Pure White Wove, very strong, at 14c. per lb.; 16 and 17 cents anywhere. Also in Ruled Headings and Envelopes. HIGH GRADE TRANSLUCENT, White and Tinted, 4 and 6 ply, at $3.25 and $4.50, respectively. No better at anyprice, any where. Samples on ap¬ plication. INION CARD & PAPER CO. 198 WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK, Sf it’s Buffalo Snk you are using, it’s Uhe SBest Buffalo Sprinting Snk 'Works, S^uffalo, Di.V. Just What I Have Been Looking For — cficcMve^ inexpensive and p'.xiiivc GALLEY SIDE L C>CK , one that is attach¬ able to any kind or style of news or fob galleys. Galley Lock=Up will sttfely meet yo«f needs. Lock-Up sold separately, or attacked to any style galley, patent lined or all brass. J’ ^ Send for circular and discount. MANUFACTURED B F. Wesel Mfq. Co. Prfiters’, Electrotypers’, Stereotypers’ and Bookbinders’ fflaebinery. Office and Warerooms : 82 = 84 Fufton Street, cor. Gold, Fadory-BROOKLYN, N. ¥. - NEW YORK. THE INLAND PRINTER. 259 Our £i$t OF SECONDHAND ELECTROTYPE AND ^ STEREOTYPE ^ MACHlNERY* Price, $300 Xypesetter USES ORDINARY TYPE. NO SPECIAL NICKS. Sets anv length of line, and is operated successfullv Pv anv compositor. MH(SOnME Eho©OSo umited, Mime SHireetto Kew Yorlko THE INLAND PRINTER. 275 I I i I Ch« Bennett €lectro Cabinet WITH INDEX — a Necessity. Have you any system for keeping your Electros? Do you know how many or what you have ? Can anyone in your office find any particular cut at once ? Is your foreman’s memory your only index ? What proof have you that the electro called for is or is not in your possession ? Cbe Rocitford folder Co. MAKERS, Rockford, Illinois. This cabinet is well and neatly made of oak. Will store 800 average sized electros or cuts, ©oo©©©©©©©©©©©©© The Price is 14x18x1 i inches. | hJ I I Floor Space, | 42 X 20 I inches. H I Shipping £unaell For Direct Connection to any Type of I// V I V I V Printing Press or Machine ^ ^ ^ ^ Entire Printing and Bookbinding Establishments equipped with Lundell Motors and Controllers. Enormous losses and inconvenience of shafting and belting obviated. Most compact, efficient and reliable motors on the market. Illustrated catalogue upon application. inUrior Conduit und Insuldtion Co^t 527 west 34tb street, new yorn city. 276 THE INLAND PRINTER. PRINTERS’ AND BOOKBINDERS’ MACHINERY. MONITOR WIRE STITCHER. Latham Perforator. BAKOiVIIVS IJV SJB5COIVDHA1VD AdACHIJXEJRY. No. 6, 1897. Hdd^os, Latbam JVIacbinery Co. CORRESPONDENCE INVITED. 197-201 SoutH Catial Stpcct, Cbicago. THE INLAND PRINTER. 277 CUTTER embodies the result of sixty years of labor and experience. Has all desirable features of our well-known “Auto” Cutter, with the advantage that both mp and knife are drawn down from both ends, with no reverse motion of ir, thus securing an absolutely noiseless machine with a positive and very powerful Auto-clamp motion. It is the heaviest and strongest paper-cutting machine ever put on the market. All gears are cut and all shafts of steel. It is built in the very best manner, of the best material, and we unhesitatingly guarantee it for the heaviest as well as the most accurate work. Built in sizes from 36 to 70 inches. Write us for prices and full particulars. T. W. ^ a B. SHERIDAN, 2, 4 & 6 Read© Street, NEW YORK. 413 Dearborin Street, CHICAGO. Works — Champlain, N. Y. 278 THE INLAND PRINTER. CONOMIC AUTOMATIC PAPER-FEEDING MACHINE.;# Over 800 in successful operation on Cylinder Printing Presses, Folding Machines, Ruling Machines, Calendering Machines, etc. MANUFACTURERS’ AGENTS ^ Smyth Booh Sewing machines, $ Smyth €a$e mahing machines, & Economic Paper-feeding machines, z Chambers folding machines, ^ Christie Beveling machines, ^ Jlcme and other Cutting machines, Elliott thread Stitching machines. Universal Ulire Stitching machines, Ellis Boiler Backer, Peerless Botary Perforators, MACHINES FOR BOOKBINDERS AND PRINTERS. Duplicate Parts for Machines, Tape, Thread, Oil, etc. COMPLETE OUTFITS. Showing Feeder attached to a Two-Revolution Front- Delivery Press. AN be attached to any Cylinder Press, Marginal Folding Machine or Ruling Machine. Adjustments simple, and quickly made. Adapted to small as well as large runs. Press Feeders constructed to carry a load of 5,000 to 18,000 sheets, according to weight of paper. Tape frame of Feeder can be lifted in one minute and press fed by hand if desired. Increases production from J5 to 30 per cent, insures absolutely perfect register, and saves labor and wastage. We can show some of the largest printing and binding establishments completely equipped with the Economic Feeders. It will pay you to investigate. oJ? Write to the Sole Agents. E. C. FULLER & CO. CHICAGO OFFICE: 279 Dearborn Street. 28 Reade Street, NEW YORK. THE INLAND PRINTER. 279 Cbe ‘‘Hew Departure ’ Case I represents the Greatest Improvement p in case-making in modern times, g Every case stamped New De- % parture,” Ask your dealer for them, g HE unparalleled success of our *'Ney The Inland Printer Company. ON A SUBJECT OF CONSIDERABLE IMPORTANCE. BY ARTHUR K. TAYLOR. PRICES play a rather important part in busi¬ ness. If a man did only one piece of work in a year and received a sufficiently hig-h price for it, he would be conducting a paying business. If, on the other hand, he did a thousand pieces of work but received only enough from them to make a living, he had better think twice before working another year at the same rates. But as we don’t often have the privilege of doing only one job of work in a year, or of asking our own prices for it, it surely behooves us to look well into the subject which so greatly interests and affects us. How often, when you are asked to estimate on a piece of work, you carefully prepare your estimate, going over each item entering into the cost of the work, and when you have taken your bid to the customer he straightway makes several important changes in the make-up of the job and asks for a new figure offhand. The tendency too often, it is feared, is to then make a rough guess at it, quoting a price, hit or miss. It is as easy to submit a right price for a piece of work as it is to guess at it, if you only get into the way of it. And when you make up a price carefully you feel like standing by it, you know that it is right, and if your competitor is rewarded with the work on which you have figured, you have the satisfaction of knowing that you are better off without the work at all. There is a certain class of work which almost all printers can do in a fairly satisfactory manner. This kind of work, which in a majority of cases is open to whoever quotes the lowest price, soon gets down to a figure which does not give a fair return for the work involved. On the other hand, there is a class of work which can only be done by com¬ petent workmen. In this class there enters the element of quality, which quite naturally calls for additional compensation. No matter how keen the competition nor how hard the times, this class of customers demands work of the highest order and is willing to pay for it. But before you can get this work you must demonstrate your ability to do it. You often hear it said that prices are down so low that it doesn’t pay to lose the time necessary to do work properly. Well, wouldn’t you rather do less work and do it better ? And if you did your work better don’t you think that it would be worth more ? But you may say your customers would simply take their w'ork where they could get it done cheaper. That would be true of those who could get their work done satisfactorily by the offices doing cheap work, but good work does not remain long unrewarded, and if you make up your mind that no piece of work shall leave your hands which does not represent your best efforts, you can rest assured that you can get a fair return for your work and have the satisfaction of having done your work well besides. Suppose that you have finished a year’s work. Looking back, you find that you have not lacked work. You have been busy throughout the year. At its end you find yourself but little better off than you were at its beginning, and you are a year 284 THE INLAND PRINTER. nearer that time in your life when you will have to give up work in view of your advanced years. Not a pleasant subject for reflection. You have the remedy in your own hands. You know how much work you turned out in the year that passed so unprofitably. Would not 10 per cent . additional profit on it have made a more pleasant showing ? What is to hinder you, then, from adding 10 per cent to your prices for the coming year ? If your work is cut down in volume you can improve it in quality. A man who is capable of doing work of the better class can get the work to do if he only goes about it in the right way. Suppose for a moment His First Picture. that he loses a portion of his trade by raising the standard of his work and demanding a correspond¬ ingly higher price for it. Therein lies the oppor¬ tunity for extending his business. Improve the temporary lull in the. usual rush by getting out some really attractive advertising matter which will demonstrate your ability to do work in the best manner, pick out the concerns using work of this class and send your advertising matter to them. Do not be discouraged if the first or even the second solicitation fails of any apparent result. If necessary, follow up personally your printed matter ; you will at least be accorded a respectful hearing, and if you keep up the standard of your work, success is bound to come. In this, as well as any other day and generation, true merit counts for more and exercises a more powerful effect in the long run than either social or political preference ; and the man who refuses to do a piece of work because the price will not war¬ rant his doing it well and deriving a fair profit from it, will have the respect of his customers and the confidence of his creditors, while the man who takes a job at any figure, “just to keep the place running,” will be deservedly ranked low as a busi¬ ness man even by those who have profited at his expense. Written for The Inland Printer. TASTE IN TYPOGRAPHY. BY PAUL NATHAN, OF THE LOTUS PRESS. There is a great difference between the job printing of today and that of even a few years ago. The standard of excellence is con¬ stantly going higher up the artistic scale. The job compositor of the future must have some knowledge of art — he must be something more than a “ typesetter.” He will find that it is just as possible to display an individuality in type arrange¬ ment as it is for the artist to do so with pen and brush. Few printers have any idea ,pf appropriateness, symmetry or balance, or know anything about color ; the few who have this knowledge are lead¬ ers in the field, for everyone appreciates a piece of good printing, just as everyone appreciates any work of art. There are imitators and copiers everywhere, but how few originators ! It is not so long ago since young men were “indentured” to learn “the art and mystery” of typesetting — today this work is done by machinery. There was no particular “art” about it, and there is no good reason why there should be any “mys¬ tery.” The real “art” of printing must be in its appropriateness to the subject, in its conformity to art principles, to its proper harmony or contrast of colors. This can never be attained in its fullness by any machine, and must ever depend on the indi¬ viduality and ideality of the human intellect. The printer who masters these principles forever places himself beyond the competition of machines. The young man in the printing business who wants to excel finds very little opportunity to ad¬ vance himself. His only chance at present is to learn from older printers with whom he comes in contact, and by observing every piece of good print¬ ing that it may be his fortune to get hold of. But the result of all this is that he merely learns “parrot fashion.” He has no way of discovering that there are real principles involved — certain rules to be followed — and that it is possible to master these rules and acquire a knowledge that will enable him to know how to treat any and every class of work that falls into his hands. Undue credit is attributed to so-called “ natural taste,” and the public has been voodooed into the belief that art knowledge is preordained to the few and cannot be acquired by the multitude. This is the veriest kind of humbug. It is just as possible to acquire an art education as it is to learn to write, and no one will dispute that it is possible for THE INLAND PRINTER. 285 all to learn to write. To be sure, some will be more adept than others, but there can be no “corner” on this branch of education any more than there can be in other branches. I would not be afraid to undertake the task of making- an “art printer” out of anyone who is endowed with sufficient knowledg-e to “master the case ” and who is familiar with the technicalities of printing-. Until recently foreign countries have had a monopoly of art education, but America has pro¬ duced the finest printing in the world, and I believe it will always set the standard. We have the best machinery, the best type and materials, and the best “gray matter.” Written for The Inland Printer. A PRESSMAN'S TROUBLES— WHY QUADS PRINT. OF all the troubles to which a pressman is heir perhaps there is none so common as that of quads and spaces rising and blacking the sheets. There is only one kind of printing which is entirely free from this : that is plate w'ork, and as a great part of the work done in all pressrooms is from type and cut forms, quads and spaces have become a nightmare to the majority of pressmen who do this class of work. The causes of this are many and begin in the hands of the careless compositor who in his greed for a long string of type often neglects that important factor in good work, care¬ ful justification, and where cuts are included he neglects to see that they are mounted on true, perfectly square blocks. Few compositors realize how important these details are in forms that are to be worked on the press, but if the compositor and make-up would see that their part of the form is right in these respects much time more valuable than their own would be saved in the pressroom. It is not enough to be simply able to lift the form from the stone, but every line should stand on its feet perpendicularly without belly or bow. I never knew a pressman who did not agree with regard to this ; but few, if any, are willing to admit that they themselves are just about as much to blame as anyone. There are several principles or causes upon which the rising of quads and spaces can be theoretically explained. I will illustrate one of them in this manner : If you take a board and drive a nail in one end and then pound upon the other, the nail will loosen and come out. This is like putting a form upon a press on which the cylinder is raised from the bearers by the impres¬ sion on the type and allowed to drop or pound in the margin. In the margins there is nothing to resist the weight of the cylinder, and down it comes on the bearers, pound, pound — first on the type, then on the bearers — until spaces and quads, like the nails in the board, will gradually rise to the top and print with the balance of the form. This is often the case and is what a pressman calls riding in the boxes, sometimes caused by wear, but in some cases the cylinder is not set hard enough for the class of work in which the trouble occurs. If you have trouble from this cause it can in most cases easily be righted. But this, like most other troubles, can be temporarily relieved by the appli¬ cation of certain local remedies, one of which is to cut narrow strips of heavy cardboard and insert under the bearers at the points on which the cylinder drops. This has helped many a press¬ man in time of need and will doubtless help many more. Another cause might be described as being locked like a wedge, when top or bottom of type or furniture is excessively locked. This can easily be done by locking a form too tightly, causing it to spring off its feet and each time it passes under the impression is forced back into place only to spring again and bring the spaces and quads higher. This same thing may be effected by allowing dirt to collect upon the shoulders of the type, which makes it impossible for the compositor to properly justify it and again produces this wedge-like prin¬ ciple which must surely force spaces and quads to the printing level. The most common cause for this state of affairs will be found in large, untrue furniture, and cuts mounted on wooden bases. No matter how carefully the engraver or electrotyper may be to have these plates mounted squarely and level, the wooden bases will warp, and this fact alone makes it advisable for all such cuts to be examined and made right before proceeding with the make-ready. For many persons to take this precaution is too much trouble, but nevertheless it pays if the results count. The writer has often seen pressmen who, when they underlay cuts of this kind, place small bits of heavy paper under the center of the block, so as to cause it to rock. No pressman is justified in doing this, and to do it will surely cause trouble. If a cut cannot be brought up with a flat underlay well enough for overlaying, remove it from the block and place the underlay next to the metal. In trying a cut for the purpose of seeing that it is mounted true, it is not enough to see that it is level and will not rock, but also that the sides are at perfect right angles with the bottom. It is not uncommon to find cuts imperfect in this respect, and it is frequently overlooked and will prevent the form being locked up properly. If these details are carefully looked after before a form is printed, little, if any, trouble will be experienced ; but as they seldom are all attended to, much time is lost and material is ruined daily by being hammered down by persons who are too careless or discouraged to push them back by more gentle means. Careful investigation will show that when quads work up some one or more of the 286 THE INLAND PRINTER. causes mentioned exist, and if they can be located and corrected this trouble will surely cease. In printing- a heavy form upon a cylinder press you will sometimes notice on the back row of pag-es a heavy edge or what is really a slur. On the other rows this same trouble occurs, but the center rows of pages are somewhat better than the rest. It is a common matter for such forms to show heavy impression about the edges, but this is of course overcome in the make-ready and is not the cause of the trouble of which we speak, although some inex¬ perienced persons think it is. This slur is scarcely noticed on some work at the start, but if it is not detected at the very beginning will gradually grow worse until it becomes a black streak of heavily worn type. To rightly determine the cause of this one must understand the principle upon which a cylinder press makes the impression. As a rule, pressmen make a practice of setting bed bearers slightly more than type high. This we consider is right, but there are also bearers on the cylinder which are not adjustable, and as the bearers on the bed are to keep the cylinder from running on the type, see that it runs on the bearers and that the boxes or journals of the cylinder are so set that when it passes over a form requiring all the impression the press can give it will not rise from the bearers. If this matter has been attended to you will see that if your cylinder is packed until the circumference is greater on the printing sur¬ face than it is on the cylinder bearers, it must travel faster on the printing ; consequently the cylinder must slip or slur either on the form or bearer. This, then, is the cause, and the only rea¬ son that it does not slur all over the same as at the edge is that the paper used in packing is more or less elastic and is drawn with the form until it is freed by passing in the margin and rebounds. One of the first moves that a pressman will make when he finds himself thus troubled is to place resin on the bearers, and because he may find some little improvement he thinks he can strike the proper remedy. This, however, is a deception, for the resin has a very heavy body and forms a sheet or layer over the bearers which for the time being makes up to some extent the excess in the packing. Be cautioned by this. Do not use resin for a slur, such as has just been described, but reduce the packing ; and if, when your form is properly made ready, your impression is too light, it is because the bed bearers are too high or the cylinder rises on the impression and should be reset. The correct setting of the cylinder is about the most important factor to be considered in the life of the press and quality of the product. Experimenting along this line is folly, and many pressmen of long experi¬ ence are utterly incompetent to attend to this mat¬ ter properly. The troubles caused by having a cylinder set too hard are as numerous as, and more complex than, if it is not set hard enough. Cylin¬ der presses are not intended for embossing, and no person who styles himself a pressman should be guilty of substituting an over-packed cylinder for a few minutes make-ready. If the class of work done will not permit you to take time for making ready, better use a soft packing and not ruin the type. Written for Thb Inland Printer. THE DICTIONARY IN THE PROOFROOM. BY F. HORACE TEALL. IT is said that Horace Greeley’s estimate of quali¬ fication for proofreading called for more gen¬ eral knowledge than one would need in order to be a good President of the United States. By this he meant, of course, ability to read anything, from the smallest job, in the commonest language, to the most learned and most scientific writing, and to know that everything is made right. How many proofreaders can do this ? Not man)’-. Hor¬ ace Greeley knew very well that the world could not furnish such men for the proofreader’s desk — and yet his remark was justifiable even from a practical point of view. A recent paragraph in a trade publication said truly that “even the daily newspapers use so many foreign and technical terms as to demand a high grade of excellence among the readers.” This was said in connection with an assertion that pay for the reader’s work, and especially for the best work, is higher now than ever before. We might easily show that this is not absolutely true, for very high pay has been given for high-class work in the years that are gone, and the writer of this article can state from personal knowledge an instance of higher pay than the highest mentioned in that paragraph ; and it may be well to tell of it, because it will serve as a good introduction to our present theme. The paragraph says that its writer personally knew of two men who were paid $50 a week for reading. If these men were mere proofreaders, their pay was very high ; but it is not unreasonable to suppose that their work nearly approached the responsible editorial status. On a certain large work published many years ago a man was employed as proofreader at what was then excellent pay. When that work was revised he was still known as the principal proofreader, but his work included final editing of the copy, as well as reading the proofs, which latter he did in a critical way, making such changes in the matter as he knew were necessary. For this work he received $75 a week, and the only men known to the present writer who were paid as much as the sum first mentioned did the same kind of work. In each of these cases the money was paid because of one qualification that stood in place of general knowledge, rather than for the actual THE INLAND PRINTER. 287 possession of such knowledge that seems to be demanded by Horace Greeley’s estimate. Each of these readers had at hand a good reference library, and knew where to look for information on any question that arose. The special qualification was the ability to perceive or suspect error of state¬ ment, and to con-ect it through positive knowl¬ edge, in many cases with no need of reference, but more frequently through consulting authori¬ ties. An important complement of this qualifica¬ tion is the perception of correctness as well as of error, and ability to leave unchanged what is right as well as to change what is wrong. Of course one who is really fitted to read proof must know how to spell all the common words of the language, and this is not so general an accom¬ plishment as it is naturally supposed to be. Many writers are somewhat weak in spelling, and the proofreader must correct their errors as well as those made by compositors, for often the editors cannot take time for such work and the copy is sent to the composing-room just as it is written. But few proofreaders, if any, know all the words that may rightly be classed as common. It is a matter of recent experience that one who ranks among the best of newspaper readers, in reading market reports, changed the lower-case initial of muscovado to a capital, and thought the name was a proper noun until another reader, happening to have the same matter in hand, changed the capital letter to lower-case and was called upon to give a reason for it. Recently, also, a good proofreader allowed the term “Romance languages” to pass as “ romance languages.” Romance in this use should not be unfamiliar, yet it was mistaken by composi¬ tor and reader as the common noun romance, which mistake should be impossible, as every one should know that romance is not confined to any special languages. What such people need is a good dictionary at hand and constant use of it. Of course no busy proofreader, especially during the rush of news¬ paper work, can stop every few minutes to find a word in the dictionary — much work must be dashed off at lightning speed, or as near that as possible, and no sort of interruption can be tolei'- ated, even at the expense of printing a few typo¬ graphical errors. But how much more creditable it is to the proofreader if, even in the utmost rush, he can detect and mark all the errors, whether time can be taken to correct them in the type or not. Few readers, comparatively, seem to realize the wonderful helpfulness of intimacy with some good dictionary, for very few of them use one as much as they would if they realized it. Probably most of them will continue to do just as they have always done — taking it for granted that they have no need of frequent consultation of the dictionary ; but if something can be written that will impress even a few with a desire for the improvement to be attained through study of the dictionary, it is worth while to try to write it. It seems hard to think of anything that will serve better to make this impression than an example from the writer’s own experience. When writing on the subject of the proofroom library, some time ago, he instanced two test-words, one of which contained a letter u and the other an n that he thought might be printed wrong, notwithstand¬ ing extreme care in the writing. His habit in con¬ nection with the articles of which this was one had been to write very carefully, and not to trouble the editor to send him proofs. This time he requested that proof be sent before printing, and it was well that he did so, for in place of the u that should have been used appeared an n, and in the other word the converse error had been made. The words were long compounds of what should be familiar elements to every one, and in case of uncertainty, which must have been felt in this instance, it should be impossible for a reader to pass the words without verification. Every proofroom should possess a good diction¬ ary. Some people think that every proofroom of any consequence does possess a good dictionary, but a little inquiry would soon convince them that this is not so. Many readers are left to do their work without even such aid in the way of refer¬ ence, notwithstanding it is a fact that no certainty of good work can be had without it, and that many more works of reference are indispensable as aids to the best work. There are an amazing number of proofrooms that are not supplied even with an old Webster’s or Worcester’s Dictionary, and a great many more than there should be that have only one or the other of those antiquated works. Once upon a time they were both good works, because they were the best yet made. But lexicography has progressed, and we now have dictionaries that surpass the old ones, in every respect, as much as our new books on any scientific subject outrank those of our forefathers. The Century Dictionary and the Funk & Wag- nalls Standard Dictionary contain practically full records of our language in all details, almost suffi¬ cient to take the place of a large reference library, so far as the proofroom is concerned. One or the other — or better, both — should be in every proof room, and the proofreader who makes the most constant studious use of one or both will soon find himself on firmer ground than he could otherwise occupy. If necessary, would be willing- to give several times the present subscription price for The Inland Printer. It is received with as much pleasure each month as a good “ phat ” order for printing. — Keating & Barnard, printers. Fort Edward, New York. THE MORNING VISITATION. THE INLAND PRINTER. 289 Published Monthly by THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 212-214 Monroe Street, Chicago, U. S. A. Henry O. Shepard, President. C. F. "Whitmarsh, Secretary. A. W. Rathbun, Treasurer. New York Office : No. ISO Nassau street, corner of Spruce. Edmund H. Morse, Manag-er. principles connected with the trade of printing-. There has been of recent years an effort discern¬ ible on the part of many printers, who have earned respect for their opinion by the g-reat artistic merit of their printing, to give their workmen the oppor¬ tunities desirable to equip them with the requisite knowledge to use their native taste in attaining results that without such knowledge of art princi¬ ples they might struggle to reach in vain. In so far as it is possible in these columns to give a wider application to this insistance on art education as a vital part of a printer’s knowledge. The Inland Printer hopes to add its weight by examples and by the favor of other contributions in bringing out the taste and originality of the printers of Amer¬ ica, much of which is now either dormant or directed into wrong channels owing to ignorance of principles that are the foundation of all art. VoL. XIX. JUNE, 1897. No. 3. The Inland Printer is issued promptly on the first of each month, and will spare no endeavor to furnish valuable news and information to those interested professionally or incidentally in printing, engraving, electro¬ typing, stereotyping, bookbinding, and in the paper and stationery trades. Persons connected with any of these lines wiU confer a favor by sending news from their section of the country pertaining to the above trades, par¬ ticularly individual theories and experiences of practical value. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. Two Dollars per annum in advance ; one dollar for six months in ad¬ vance ; sample copies, twenty cents each. Subscriptions may be sent by express, draft, money order or registered letter. Do not send checks on local banks ; send draft on New York or Chicago. Make all remittances free of exchange, and payable to The Inland Printer Company. Currency forwarded in unregistered letters will be at sender’s risk. Postage stamps are not desirable, hut if neces¬ sary to remit them, one-cent stamps are preferred. Foreign Subscriptions. — To countries within the postal union, postage prepaid, two dollars and ninety-six cents, or twelve shillings, per annum, in advance. Make foreign money orders payable to H. O. Shepard. No foreign postage stamps or postal notes accepted, and no attention wiU he paid to postal-card requests for free samples. ADVERTISING RATES Furnished on application. The value of The Inland Printer as an advertising medium is unquestioned. The character of the advertisements now in its columns, and the number of them, tell the whole story. Circulation consid¬ ered, it is the cheapest trade journal in the United States to advertise in. Advertisements, to insure insertion in the issue of any month, should reach this office not later than the twentieth of the month preceding. PRESSMEN VERSUS COMPOSITORS. Reports from England state that, while com¬ positors are a glut on the market, it is a striking fact that good machine printers — press¬ men — have been for several years back sure of good and steady situations. The enormous demand for cheap books has caused a great development in the pressroom department of the printing business. In one office in Scotland, which seven years ago had thirty presses, there are now over sixty, and nearly all of the newest pattern. Others have doubled in less than that time. The stereotype and electro¬ typing business has also greatly extended, and it is estimated that during the ten years past the numbers employed have more than doubled. The compositors’ prospects, however, are not improv¬ ing, and it is depressing to see the large numbers of these workmen who are “waiting for something to turn up.” THE LOCAL FIELD. In order to protect the in< offers in th advertised _ _ ^ . The Inland Printer :s of purchasers, advertisers of novelties, with-order goods, are required to satisfy “ -n honestly fulfill the , and all c of this journal of their _ _ _ ^ _ _ ■ ■ ' and to that end samples of the thing or things - ^ space. THE INLAND PRINTER may be obtained at retail, and subscriptions will be received by all newsdealers and type founders throughout the United States and Canada. Patrons will confer a favor by sending us the names of responsible newsdealers who do not keep it on sale. FOREIGN AGENTS. M. P. McCoy, 54 Farringdon Road, London, England. Alex. Cowan & Sons (Limited), General Agents, Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide, Australia, and Dunedin, New Zealand. F. T. Wimble & Co., 87 Clarence street, Sydney, N. S, W. G. Hedeler, Grimmaischer Steinweg 3, Leipsic, Germany. !ln ben- felhtn Pnb aui| aHe Slnfragen isnb Muftrage anjertton hetreffenb ju ti^ten. A KNOWLEDGE OF PRINTING. ATTENTION is directed to an article by Mr. Paul Nathan in this issue of The Inland Printer, in which is set forth an argument on the value to the progressive printer of theoretical training as well as practical training on the art The country weekly is blessed by having a mis¬ sion which is all its own, but it is also too frequently the reverse of blessed by the foolish and misguided ambition of its proprietor-editor who ignores that mission in the effort to imitate the tone and style of the metropolitan press. The main stay and prop of the country weekly is the local field, and as that field is judiciously cultivated, the incidents and happenings of the local daily life set out in attractive form, so will the paper fulfill its mission. The average village tradesman and the average farmer subscribes for one or more of the metropolitan dailies or weeklies, and from these are taken political or foreign news. The weekly paper which gives space to any extent to the dis¬ cussion of other than local politics, or dwells pon¬ derously on foreign news, is wasting valuable time and space. To the average townsman the news of his vicinity transcends all other information, and 290 THE INLAND PRINTER. the local gossip of the weekly is of a savor that has to him a relish all its own. The little social events of the week are of more interest to him than the grandest functions at Windsor Castle, and a dis¬ pute in the town council is more exciting than General Weyler’s most successful attempt at paci¬ fication. There are many incidents that the local editor may consider too trifling to be told in his paper. His interest should make him know that no local news is too trifling — if it is told properly. THE VALUE OF OUTWARD BEARINGS. Referring to the application of direct elec- . trie power to printing presses, Mr. Frank L. Coes, of Worcester, Massachusetts, writes to The Inland Printer offering the suggestions of an expert mechanic of his State, who asserts that the first and worst feature of the motors that are being put out for work in direct connection with heavy duty machines, is the fact that they have no outward bearing for the shaft. Every strain, light or heavy, that is applied to the machine, causes more or less motion at the outer end of the driving shaft, and if this movement is not checked in its initial stage it will inevitably result in oval boxes, friction, and consequent loss of power, and finally a noisy working tool. The end will be a breakdown. “The boys cut out too much metal, and make too few bearings,” the machinist observed, and Mr. Coes remarks that the more he thinks of it, the more he believes that the “old fogies ” are a good thing to have around, and says that he has observed the truth of the machinist’s contention, in a printing oflice where he found the trouble the machinist said would result, and they had a hot box on the same press. There are many to whom this suggestion will mean better and more work. Solidity and no shake is the best thing for rapid and steady running. The Inland Printer will be pleased to hear from others on this subject. would be heard no more. That the burden of the composing room stays as it was is evidence of a business policy which is both selfish and narrow, but, like the policy of the department stores, per¬ fectly legitimate. There is another phase also of the fight of the machine for place, in the advertise¬ ment of a Chicago agent for a typesetting machine in which he announces himself prepared to do composition at greatly reduced rates. Were a pressbuilder’s agent to announce himself prepared to do presswork at cut rates, or a typefounder’s agent to offer to do composition at reduced prices, it is to be presumed that they would find in the protests of their legitimate customers cause to abandon their attempt at competition. The policy of the agent mentioned may be to bring about quicker sales of his machines in order to meet his prices, but might it not be that he is killing the goose — in other words, leaving the poor printers without any money to buy his machines. TYPESETTING COMPETITION. IT is questionable what benefit book and job printers have derived or expect to derive from the advent of typesetting machines. From this it is to be hoped no one will presuppose that The Inland Printer either directly or indirectly de¬ sires to oppose the genius of progress as repre¬ sented by these mechanisms. The inevitable tendency of the book and job printer, by force of competition or other cause, is to give his customer the biggest slice of the profit of his enterprise or good fortune in business. Book composition by machinery is advertised at prices a little above the scale paid to the compositors, the expecta¬ tion possibly being to make even in the pressroom. It was naturally hoped that when the machines were made practical for bookwork that the old cry of the composing room being a source of loss SOME MAGAZINE CIRCULATIONS. The Chap Book says that the paradox of the publishing trade is the triumph of the unad¬ vertised, the success of the uncriticised, and then goes on to give the circulation ratings of weekly and monthly journals that one rarely sees adver¬ tised and more rarely criticised. The Ladies' Home Journal is widely advertised in the news¬ papers and the best known monthlies, and its circulation of 739,507 copies, as given in the Lord & Thomas Advertisers' Directory^ is certain to commend it to the advertiser. But what of the monthly magazine Comfort^ published in Augusta, Maine, which has a circulation of 1,252,325 copies as rated in the directory ? Comfort is not adver¬ tised in the newspapers, but it has methods which are effective in pushing its circulation. It has no claim to literary merit, nor are its other features such as to warrant its large circulation, but it is a great business success. The Chap Book gives the following approximate figures of the circula¬ tion of the publicly known magazines : Munsey's claim half a million. McClure's and the Cosmo¬ politan send out 300,000 copies each. Harper's we find put down at 175,000, The Century some¬ thing over 150,000, Scribner's and Frank Leslie's perhaps 125,000. These figures are considerable. Yet The Heai'thstone, of New York, is rated at 600,000, The Delineator at 500,000, The People's Home Journal at 315,000, The Ladies' World at 379,800, The Home Treasury at 200,000, Hotirs at Home at 210,000, Fashions at 200,000, The Ameri¬ can Nation at 160,000, The Fireside Gem at 140,000, Good Literature at 191,000. “These figures must be flattering to the metropolitan pride of New York, yet we cannot but feel that Augusta, Maine, is the real publishing center of our country.” Besides Comfort^ with its million and a quarter. THE INLAND PRINTER. 291 it has Illustrated Good Stories, 479,000 ; Hearth and Home, 392,800; Illustrated Happy Hours, 351,000; Vickery's Fireside Visitor, 330,000, and Home Treas¬ ury, 200,000. In the West, Chicag-o makes a fair showing" with The Saturday Blade (said to circulate mostly in rural Texas), 275,000, and the Chicago Ledger, 140,000. Spring-field, Ohio, however, seems to mark the natural course of the Star of Empire. There are published Farm and Fireside, 315,000 ; The Woman's Home Companion, 223,000 ; Fann News, 100,000 ; Womankind, 60,000. “The domesticity of the names shows with what affection these publications must be cher¬ ished, and is almost as disheartening- as the figures of the circulation. Not alone must the Messrs. Harper Brothers sorrow over their 175,000. The Atlantic Monthly, 15,000, cannot comfortably learn that in Cedar Falls, Iowa (where the Cherry Sis¬ ters come from). Good Things, a monthly literary magazine, has arrived at nearly the same figures.” PRIZES FOR PET SPECIMENS. RINTERS occasionally turn out a piece of work which so appeals to their taste and judgment that they feel it is just a little better than anything they ever did before, and perhaps as good as anything they ever hope to do in the future, and naturally they feel that their competi¬ tors in the art, either in their vicinity or in other towns and States, would have to get up tolerably early in the morning to duplicate that piece of work under the same circumstances and conditions. With a becoming sympathy for this feeling. The Inland Printer next month will offer a series of prizes for specimens of work of this character, and urges would-be competitors to look over their specimen books and have their favorite specimen ready. The intent is to make the competition as wide-reaching as possible so that the country printer will stand an equal chance with his city brother. While it is merely intended to make a preliminary announcement in this note, it is con¬ sidered advisable to state that specimens susceptible of reproduction only are desired. NON-UNIONISM AND RATTING. N the United States and in Canada the differ¬ ences between union and non-union printers are marked by no less aggressiveness and by no less virulence of feeling than in Europe. To the non-unionist, however, who from principle refuses to join the ranks of unionism, there is evident a much more friendly disposition than there is to the man who has been a member of the union and has violated his obligations. In this country such men form the classes distinguished as non-union men and “ rats the latter term being regarded as a term of contempt for one regardless of principle or honor. According to the evidence of at least one witness in a recent libel suit tried before the Scottish Supreme Court, the interpretation in this country of the term “ rat” does not obtain in Scotland. The importance of the issues involved in the suit was recognized by the fact that four of the leading counsel at the Scottish bar were engaged in the case. Three compositors in a Paisley non-society office claimed ^500 damages each from the Scottish Typographical Association for libel, the claim being based on the fact that the defenders had included their names in a “Register of Rats” published as part of the annual report of their association, of which they (the pursuers) never had been members. For many years the defenders have been in the habit of issuing a list (with the above heading) of those of their number who have “ ratted,” or gone to work in non-society houses. In the current report the pursuers’ names were inserted, as they said, “ falsely and calumni- ously representing that they, having been members of the defenders’ association, had been expelled therefrom for unfair and dishonorable conduct in connection with their trade, to their loss, injury, and damage.” The whole case hinged on what was the meaning in the printing trade of the term “ rat,” the pursuers seeking to make out that it was a term of opprobrium and contempt, and the Typographical Association contending that it was merely a trade term synonymous with “ non-union¬ ist,” and that no stigma was intended to be con¬ veyed by its use. The weak point in the defenders’ case was that this was the first time that the names of men who had never been members of the Scottish Typographical Association had been included in the list. A large number of witnesses were examined on both sides. Some of the wit¬ nesses for the defenders were men of ability and large experience, among them being the Master of the Merchant Company, of Edinburgh ; Mr. Colston, head of the firm of Colston & Co., print¬ ers, and one of the Judges of Police ; Mr. Skinner, of Skinner & Co., printers (who is secretary to the Scale Committee of the Edinbui'gh master- printers) ; Councillor Mallinson, etc. These all testified as to. their interpretation of the word “ rat” being that it simply meant “non-unionist” ; Judge Colston, who is known to be one of the best living authorities on printing usages, being quite emphatic on that point. But the presiding judge. Lord Kyllachy, summed up nevertheless in favor of the pursuers, and the jury returned a verdict in their favor, assessing the damages at ;^25 in each case. Though the awarded damages are small, the case will undoubtedly be a very expensive one for the Typographical Association, and it is freely stated that it is likely to cost in all something like ^500 to ^600, if not even more than these figures. 292 THE INLAND PRINTER. Written for Thb Inland Printer. DRAWING FOR PRINTERS.* NO. III.— BY ERNEST KNAUFFT, Editor of the Art Student and Director of the Chautauqua Society of Fine Arts. WE publish two kinds of drawings this month, which may be classified as follows : The Grassets are hieroglyphic-like designs or silhou¬ ettes ; the Crispi, in his robe de chamhre^ which for want of the artist’s name we shall call the Don Chisciotte cut — “Don Chisciotte” you no doubt suspect is the Italian for Don Quixote, and it is the name of a cartoon paper — is a pure outline drawing. Now let us take them in turns. Every printer will recognize that the Grasset designs are excel¬ lent, for they may be printed with greater ease than shaded drawings, and their simplicity is in perfect harmony with the solid black of type. Now, not only would it be pleasant for you as a printer to begin making some such silhouettes, but it is very good practice in drawing for you to search the house for objects that you could put up against the window pane and draw their contours, filling them in with black. A whisk broom, a pair of scissors, a pair of eye glasses, a leaf, a feather, may be put up against the glass and its silhouette copied, and you then realize how many objects may be represented by their contours. Later you learn how to silhouette objects less flat ; you may try the ink bottle with a pen in it, the glue pot with the brush in it ; this leads you to such a thorough understanding of Grasset’s flowers as pages of writing would never give. In walking in the streets after such an exercise you will notice not only the “block” of a man’s hat (which we spoke of in Chapter II), but you will notice what kind Typographical Ornaments Designed by Eugene Grasset. of a silhouette it makes against the sky ; then the shape of the birds, the weather vanes, the church steeples as they are “etched against the sky,” as the poets say, will have a new interest for you. In this practice of silhouetting objects you learn something that is most important in more advanced work. You learn to see objects as on one -plane. We fancy your knowledge of geometry is sufficient for you to understand what we mean, but let us go * Copyrighted, 1897, by Ernest Knaufft. All rights reserved. over the ground slowly so it may facilitate our future explanations of perspective problems. By a plane we mean a plain, a fiat surface. A table top is a plane. But the plane the artist draws upon — say a sheet of paper — though he may let it lie horizontal on a table, is always con¬ sidered a vertical plane., corresponding to a pane of glass in a window. Now, if we are looking through the window across the street, we know that each receding cobblestone in the street (though in one horizontal plane) is in a different vertical plane from the other. If we wished to make the plane a tangible one we could stick up a pane of glass in front of the nearest cobblestone, and then another pane in front of the cobblestone across the street, and then it would be evident to anyone that these stones were in two planes, would it not ? Good ! Now, if you should go to the window and trace with a paint brush a picture of these two cobble¬ stones you would draw your picture on one plane, and that a vertical plane ! Well, that is just what the artist does when he draws a picture by the eye. He may lay his paper horizontally on a common table, or obliquely on a tipping drawing table, or on an easel, but he does not draw the objects as though seen through a horizontal or oblique plane (except sometime when he sketches from a church steeple or a hill-top), but to the contrary, the ordi¬ nary drawing always represents objects as seen through a vertical pane of glass and as they would be traced on that pane, hence reduced to one plane. Having read the foregoing two or three times we will ask you to turn to the Don Chisciotte carica¬ ture. Has it not a new interest to you ? Do you not see immediately that the legs of the bureau, though in reality some few feet apart and so in dif¬ ferent planes, are drawn on a sheet of paper on one plane ? Well, the second step after you have learned to draw a simple form in outline is to learn to “place” your objects and their receding parts • — as the legs of the bureau. It would be impossible for me to overestimate the trouble this gives the beginner — such as the man who sees the factory viewed at an angle as though it were seen from the front (see Chapter I). But if perchance you can get it into your mind that you must draw as though tracing on a window pane, nay, better still, if you will dip a brush in the ink and actually draw on the pane for several days you will soon have little need of puzzling over perspective, and when you look diagonally at a rectangular object — as the windows in the factory — you will see at a glance that they are no longer rectangles, as in a front view, but the lintels and sills actually seem to tip (in an upward direction if below the eye, in a downward direction if above the eye). Then you suddenly realize that certain laws of optics come in play in making the very simplest of views. You look at such a simple interior as in the THE INLAND PRINTER. 293 Don Chisciotte interior and you recog-nize at once that the lines in it that were horizontal in nature are g'overned by three laws ; the portiere rod and the side boards of the couch are drawn horizontal because the artist sees them in a front view — they are parallel to his eye — but the lines of the front of the bureau and the floor line behind it run up because they are lines seen not in front view, but seen diag-onally, and they are below the artist’s eye ; but the top line of the mirror runs down because it is above the artist’s eye. From this chapter any reader with a mathemat¬ ical mind will have already deduced the facts of the following rules of perspective, even if he has not formulated them in precise language ; but you might as well learn them by heart, as they are applied every time you draw a box, a table, a plank, a room, a railroad track, a street, etc, 1. All horizontal lines in nature that are par¬ allel to the eyes of the spectator (like the portiere rod and the bed part of the couch in the Don Chis¬ ciotte caricature, like the lintels and sills of the factory windows), when one is standing directly in front of them, appear as horizontal lines and are to be so drawn, they do not tip either up or down whether below or above the eye. 2. But when a horizontal line is no longer par¬ allel to the axis of the eyes, when it is seen diago¬ nally, as the floor line, the front of the bureau and the top of the mirror, then it follows this law ; if it happens to be just on a level with the eyes, that is called the horizon line, then it ts horizontal to the sight and is so drawn ; if the mirror were hanging where it is in the Don Chisciotte., but was cut off just on a level with Crispi’s eyes, and the draftsman of the picture were just Crispi’s height, then the base of the mirror would be drawn hori¬ zontal. But when the lines are below the eye, as the floor line and the bureau lines, then they seem to run up to the horizon and are drawn slanting upward ; while if they are above the eye, as the top of the mirror, they tip down to the horizon and are drawn slanting — the end farther away from the artist lower in the picture than the end nearer him. Put all this in your hat, and we shall tell you something more about perspectives later on. But be sure in the meantime to make some drawing in your room to verify the foregoing statements. (To be continued.) Written for The Inland Printer. A HYGROMETRIC DIFFICULTY. BY R. COUPLAND HARDING. Besides the ordinary difficulties that occasion¬ ally attend presswork, and which are matters of common experience, some may at times arise of a very exceptional and puzzling kind. Such a one came under my own notice some thirty years ago, and was of so curious and exceptional a nature that it may be of interest to Thk Inland Printer’s readers, and may perhaps awaken some recollec¬ tion which will throw light upon the matter. And in connection therewith I will relate an equally exceptional experience of a friend, which, though it did not come under my own observation, I have no hesitation in recounting on his authority. Some time about 1866 — toward the close of my apprenticeship days — the office bought from an Australian agency a font of long primer, and with it a quantity of extra caps. The type was from one of the best English foundries, but arrived in grievous condition. The work was pressing, and after some consideration it was decided to accept delivery — an unfortunate mistake, as it turned out in the end. Possibly the case had been recovered from a wreck, or it had soaked in bilge water — at all events it had been so long subjected to the action of salt water that all the type was more or less corroded. It had long been in this condition, for it was quite dry when opened. The tinned-iron lining of the case had rusted on to the paper wrap¬ pers, and as for the pages at the bottom of the case the wrappers were not only pulped, but had actu¬ ally combined with the rotten metal. Of course the types were stuck together, in some cases the whole page was like a stereotype, and the letters were separated with great difficulty. The extra caps, however, in a separate parcel, were in per¬ fect order. The agency expressed no surprise on receiving the account of the condition of the type — complaints, they said, had been made of other cases 294 THE INLAND PRINTER. belonging- to the same shipment — and they were good enough to make a trifling concession iu the price. Natural!}', the printing had a gray and broken appearance, and some sorts were affected more severely than others. It was scarcely possible, I remember, to find a complete g, the bottom loop being wholly or partly destroyed in all cases ; but no other difficulty arose until a cold and moist winter following shortly af¬ ter the unlucky pur¬ chase. We were then printing a solid octavo pamphlet in this letter, the work being done on the hand press, and with the glue - and - treacle rollers then in general use. On fine days all went well ; but when the day was “muggy” and the atmosphere charged with mois¬ ture, a most irri¬ tating result would invariably occur. Here and there, in the middle of a page, a bright spot would appear, a single let¬ ter, or perhaps two or three, refusing the ink. If neg¬ lected, the patch would spread in all directions each time the form was rolled until it might extend perhaps an inch approximately in every direction. The spot always spread from a center, never passing across one letter to an¬ other, the effect being much the same as if a drop of water had fallen on the type. These patches would appear at any time during the im¬ pression, in any part of the form, and without any visible cause, and once started would spread like a ringworm on the skin. That the cause was in the atmosphere seemed clear. We were working temporarily in a damp pressroom. On sunny days we had no trouble ; but there was a good deal of moist weather that winter, and we came at last to know exactly the times when the trouble might be expected. It is less satisfactory to add that we never found a cure. When once the mischief began, the type resisted the ink as effec¬ tually as a prepared litho stone — more so, in fact. It was useless to clean it with benzine, or any similar application — the patch might be covered or partly covered once, but after a single impression was as bright as ever. In fact, the roller was more effective in taking the ink off than in putting it on. Generally the type could not be coaxed to take ink from anything except the finger. With the inked finger the whole patch could be covered — but the ink was completely removed by the first impression. The curious part of the affair was that the trouble rarely arose until a portion of the sheet had been worked off. As the paper was always wetted, it is possible that the patches arose in the first place from minute quantities of free water in the paper ; but on this point I am very doubtful. I have men¬ tioned the corroded state of the type ; but we have pi'oof that this had little, if anything, to do with the trouble ; for we found the lines of new capitals, in perfect order, play us the same trick. At the time this was the only font we had from this par¬ ticular maker, and I have known a line of those new long primer caps refuse the ink in damp weather, when all the rest of the form took it properly. Nor did any other type in the office ever act in the same manner. This tends to show that the fault was not in the damp paper, but in some obscure quality of the type itself. The type, I may add, differs slightly in the metal from that of other Eng¬ lish foundries ; also in the peculiar slope of the shoulder. But in long experience since with other fonts from the same house (for we got quit of this one as soon as possible) I have never found any defect, nor has this peculiar difficulty ever at any time recurred. I have never since worked in a damp pressroom, and have for many years used patent glycerin compound rollers, so that the con¬ ditions have changed ; but to this day I have not divined the cause of the trouble, nor did we ever find a remedy. We had just to suspend operations on that particular job till a fine day. It was when I was speaking of this incident to a friend in the trade that he told me of an experi¬ ence of his own in England, equally remarkable, and which also happened many years ago. A good- sized font of small pica had been ordered from a leading foundry by a printer in one of the prov¬ inces for a special job, and nothing unusual was observed until the proofs were required, when the new type refused to take the ink. After exhaust¬ ing every expedient, complaint was made to the foundry, and it was naturally received with incre¬ dulity. Such a thing was quite unheard of ; what¬ ever was in fault it could not be the type. The printer, however, persisted, and at length a repre¬ sentative arrived from the manufacturer. He set to work in all confidence, but completely failed to obtain a readable proof from the pages in type. He then turned his attention to the unused types in the foundry packages, but with no better suc¬ cess. Only one course remained — to return the The Boy Difficulty. •Run away to bed, Tommy ; you are too big- a boy to stay in mamma’s ‘ No, I isn’t. I aren’t near as bigger as papa! ” THE INLAND PRINTER. 295 type to the melting- pot, and send back a duplicate font, which proved in every respect perfect. The problem in this case appears to be more puzzling- than the one in my experience. The printer was a man of experience. The foundry had been estab¬ lished about a century ; but printer and founder were at a loss to account for the phenomenon. A microscopic examination of the metal, and espe¬ cially of the face of the type, mig-ht have thrown lig-ht on the subject. Doubtless minute and exhaust¬ ive investig-ations w-ere made in the factory ; but the result, if any, did not transpire. “ The ag-es of faith are past.” It is a pity, too. Time was when no one would have troubled to find a physical cause for a trouble of this kind. The simple and complete explanation would have been that the types were bewitched. An evil eye gazing- into the founder’s melting pot or a spell cast over the pressroom would have accounted for every¬ thing. Perhaps such experiences as these, rare though they be, may have occurred to some of your readers. Perhaps somebody, better versed in phys¬ ical science than I, can account for them. They don’t seem to happen more than about once in a lifetime, and that is once too often. Yet it would be as well to know how to remedy them when they do occur. Written for The Inland Printer. ELECTROTYPING — HISTORICAL REVIEW. NO. I.— BY C. S. PARTRIDGE. During the period 1837-1839, Professor Jacobi, of St. Petersburg, Mr. Thomas Spencer, of Liverpool, and Mr. C. J. Jordon, of London, made at different times announcement of their independ¬ ent discovery of the art of electrotyping. Accord¬ ing to one authority the rival claims of Professor Jacobi and Mr. Spencer were presented by them in person before the Chemical Section of the British Association for the Promotion of Science, and this august assembly after prolonged discussion decided both had independently arrived at the same result, but that the priority of discovery was undoubtedly Mr. Spencer’s. However, this decision of the society with the high-sounding title did not by any means settle the controversy, which became still further complicated by the later claims of Mr. Jordon. In view of the conflicting character of the evidence we are inclined to divide the honor between the gentlemen named ; but whatever merit may attach to their respective claims as discoverers there is probably no question but that the credit for the first practical application of the new art to the printing business belongs to an American — Mr. J. A. Adams, of New York, who produced suc¬ cessful electrotypes of wood engravings in 1841. It is to American inventive genius, also, that we are indebted for most of the labor-saving methods and machinery which have brought the art to its pres¬ ent state of perfection. In England, electrotyping seems to have been first utilized chiefly for the production of metallic art work such as engraved medals, statuary, etc. Messrs. Elkington & Co. were so successful in this branch of the art that in 1845 they had established a considerable business in the duplication of cups, vases and other articles, deposited entirely in gold, silver and copper. While our friends over the water have perhaps excelled in this feature of electrotyping, Americans were quick to grasp and develop the possibilities of the art as applied to printing purposes. In 1863, Mr. William Filmer, an electrotyper of New York, who had much to do with the early development of electrotyping, after an extended trip abroad stated that electrotyping as applied to the printing indus¬ try was generally recognized in Europe as an American art. The discovery of electrotyping, like many other important discoveries, was purely accidental. Mr. Spencer, for instance, was trying some experi¬ ments in electro-chemis¬ try. He had immersed a copper plate in a solu¬ tion of sulphate of cop¬ per and a zinc plate in a solution of common salt, connecting them to¬ gether by a wire, and separating the fluids by a partition of plaster of paris. In order that no action should take place on the wire connecting the plates he covered it with sealing wax and in so doing spilled some of the wax on the copper plate. After a few days he found that copper crystals had covered the copper electrode except the portion protected by the drops of wax. It at once occurred to him, that by the application of wax or other noncon¬ ducting substance he could perfectly control the deposition of the metal. Mr. Spencer then coated a plate of copper with beeswax, and scratched his name through the wax on the plate and connected it with a zinc plate of corre¬ sponding size, immersing them in the solutions as before. After a few hours he found, as he expected, that the portion of the plate from which the wax Drawn by D. H. Souter. She Knew Their Taste. Mr. Smith : “ I wish, my dear, you would finish your toilette before you leave the house. I would just as soon see you putting^ on your stockings in the street as your Mrs. Smith: “I dare say. So would most men.” 296 THE INLAND PRINTER had been removed was coated with brig-ht metal while the protected portions remained untouched. The discovery of electrotyping created hardly less interest than the nearly contemporaneous invention of the electric telegraph. Scientists, pro¬ fessional men and workmen became alike interested, and the copying of medals, coins, etc., by electro- typing became a popular amusement of the time. The apparatus employed at this time consisted of a single cell, as before described. The back of the coin or medal to be copied was first coated with wax or varnish. Copper was then deposited on its face to form a matrix, which after having been removed from the coin and properly prepared was returned to the bath to receive in its turn a deposit of copper in the form of a facsimile of the original. In 1840, Mr. Joseph Murray discovered that non- conductive substances could be made conductive by applying to them a film of graphite. This was a notable step in the progress of the art, for it not only made possible the duplication of nonmetallic objects, but opened the way for the use of gutta¬ percha, wax and similar substances for molding material in which an impression of the coin or other object could be made, thereby greatly expe¬ diting the work by saving the time required to make a matrix in copper. The invention of the separate battery about the same time, by Mr. Mason, marked another material advancement in the art. Mr. Adams made his first electrotype copies of wood engravings by depositing copper directly on the engraving and using the deposit for a matrix. The process was, of course, very crude and invari¬ ably destroyed the wood engraving, but it was of value as an insurance against checking and because the electrotype would stand much more wear than the wood cut. In 1842, Mr. Daniel Davis, of Boston, adopted the method now in general use of first obtaining a mold of the wood cut in beeswax. Mr. J. Wilcox, an employe of Mr. Davis, was encouraged by him to enter into the business of making electrotypes by this method, and he was probably the first to make an independent business of electrotyping for print¬ ing purposes. In 1853, an improvement in the Smee battery was suggested by Mr. Adams, and immediately adopted by electrotypers in America and Europe. Other improvements of a more or less important nature were made by Mr. Adams, Mr. Wilcox, Mr. Filmer and others, and by 1858-59 the electrotyping business may be said to have become established on a practical basis ; so much so that the process was quite generally employed for the reproduction of wood cuts. In the meantime electricians had been busy with the problem of producing a continuous current of electricity by mechanical means which could be substituted for the battery. Machines more or less useful for this purpose were constructed by Dr. W. Siemens, of Berlin, in 1857. Between 1860 and 1870, Gramme, Schuckert, Weston, Brush, and others brought out improvements of more or less value. The Weston and Brush machines were the first to be used to any extent for electrotyping. These were first adopted about 1872, and accom¬ plished a revolution in the art by reducing the time required to deposit a shell to about three hours. Invaluable as these first machines were to the elec¬ trotyping trade they soon gave place to improved Splodge : “ Yes, I seem to paint worse and worse every day, until sometimes I feel like chucking- it altogether.” Smudge : “ Oh, I wouldn’t do that just yet awhile ; perhaps it’s your taste that’s improving.” types, until at the present time it is possible to produce an electrotype shell thick enough for ordinary purposes in one hour. Improvements in molding, blackleading and fin¬ ishing machinery have kept pace with the advanc¬ ing methods of electrotyping proper. In 1855, Mr. J. A. Adams invented a blackleading machine with a vibrating brush and traveling carriage. In 1856, Mr, Filmer patented a method of backing electro¬ type shells, by means of which the shell was held down by springs during the operation of casting. In 1858, Mr. S. P. Knight invented an improvement in the preparation of electrotype molds for the bath which was of great value to the trade and which is universally employed at the present time. His invention consisted in precipitating a thin film of copper on the mold previous to immersing it in the bath. This is accomplished by flooding the' mold with a solution of sulphate of copper -and then' THE INLAND PRINTER. 297 dusting- iron filing’s over it. The effect of the operation is to cause the deposition of copper to beg-in immediately over the entire surface, instead of beg-inning- only at the points of contact and spreading- slow^ly therefrom to other portions of the mold. Mr. Knight also invented, in 1871, a process for applying blacklead to the molds in the form of a solution, distributing it over the face of the mold by means of a traveling rose nozzle. Many other improvements of a minor nature, which we have not space to describe, have been made from time to time, and the art of electro¬ typing may be said to be now in a high state of perfection. In 1857, Alfred Smee made the remark that “electrotyping is, likely to be useful for the Bible, Shakespeare, Pilgrim’s Progress, or works that have a large circulation.” But the world has made wonderful progress in forty years, and the art of electrotyping has kept up with the procession. Improved methods, labor-saving machinery, cheap¬ ening material and the skill which comes from long experience have combined to reduce the cost and improve the quality of the product, and today elec¬ trotyping has become an indispensable auxiliary to the printing business. It is perhaps safe to say that seventy-five per cent of the books published during the last decade have been electrotyped, to say nothing of innumerable engravings and jobs of all kinds which have passed through the electro¬ typers’ hands. Fifty years ago there were perhaps a dozen electrotyping plants in existence. Today there are in the United States alone about two hundred and fifty establishments having an esti¬ mated annual output of over $5,000,000. To such proportions has grown a business that had its beginning a half a century ago in a quart jar. {To be coniinued.) THREE-COLOR HALF-TONES WITHOUT COLOR SCREENS. Since the three-color half-tone process has come into use, a number of engravers have been experimenting to obtain effects without the use of color screens, some having secured interesting results. A novelty in this line has recently been submitted to The Inland Printer by Mr. Fred T. Larson, of the Dinner Engraving Company, Chicago. The picture is a landscape about 3 by 4 inches, produced by three half-tone plates made direct from an uncolored photograph, printed successively in yellow, red and blue. The print is a beau¬ tiful specimen, and is remarkable for the reason that the plates producing it were engraved without the use of the usual color screens. The plates are apparently ordinary half-tones, but on close examination prove to be all differ¬ ent in one portion or another, the effect being obtained by skillful manipulation by the operator in the etching. Thus in etching the yellow plate the sky must be faded away so as to permit the blue to predominate in that part of the pic¬ ture ; on the trees and shrubbery the blue and yellow plates must be etched with such delicacy as to give the proper shades of green ; and where dense shadows are required the red plate is left strong to give particular emphasis. The successive proofs of the yellow, red and blue plates appear 3-4 to the casual observer the same as those prepared by the use of color screens, and the completed print made from a com¬ bination of the three plates shows as excellent results as if the plates were made by the other method. It is certainly an achievement of which Mr. Larson has good reason to be proud, and we look forward to still further improvement in this interesting branch of the engraver’s art. THE INFLUENCE OF ''PROCESS WORK.” The photograph, with all its allied discoveries and its application to the service of the printing press, may be said to be as important a discovery in its effects on arts and books as was the discovery of the printing press itself. It has already largely transformed the system of the produc¬ tion of illustrations and designs for books, magazines and newspapers, and has certainly been the means of securing to the artist the advantage of possession of the original, while its fidelity in the best processes is, of course, very valuable. Its influence, however, on artistic style and treatment has been, to my mind, of more doubtful advantage. The effect on painting is palpable enough, but so far as painting becomes photographic the advantage is on the side of the photograph. It has led in illustrative work to the method of painting in black and white, which has taken the place very much of the use of line, and through this, and by rea¬ son of its having fostered and encouraged a different way of regarding nature — from the point of view of the acci¬ dental aspect, light and shade, and tone — it has confused and deteriorated, I think, the faculty of inventive design, and the sense of ornament and line ; having concentrated artistic interest on the literal realization of certain aspects of superficial facts, and instantaneous impressions instead of ideas, and the abstract treatment of form and line. This, however, may be as much the tendency of an age as the result of photographic invention, although the inven¬ tion of the photograph must count as one of the most won¬ derful factors of that tendency. Thought and vision divide the world of art between them — our thoughts follow our vision, our vision is influenced by our thought. A book may be the home of both thought and vision. Speaking figuratively, in regard to book decoration, some are content with a rough shanty in the woods, and care only to get as close to nature in her superficial aspects as they can. Others would surround their home with a garden indeed, but they demand something like an architectural plan. They would look at a frontispiece like a fagade ; they would take hospitable encouragement from the title-page as from a friendly inscription over the porch ; they would hang a votive wreath at the dedication, and so pass on into the hall of welcome, take the author by the hand and be led by him and his artist from room to room, as page after page is turned, fairly decked and adorned with picture, and orna¬ ment, and device ; and, perhaps, finding it a dwelling after his desire, the guest is content to rest in the ingle nook in the firelight of the spirit of the author or the play of fancy of the artist ; and, weaving changing dreams in the chang¬ ing lights and shadows, to forget life’s rough way and the tempestuous world outside. — From The Decorative Illustra¬ tion of Books, by Walter Crane. I HAVE advised Mr. Hedeler, of Leipsic, to renew my subscription for The Inland Printer. In America they are vastly in advance of us Germans in some respects ; this I must admit by each successive number which I receive, and the arrival of which I anxiously await every month. I value your paper very highly, and consider myself fortunate to be familiar with the English language, thus permitting me to receive a benefit out of its contents. — Peter Luhn, Printer and Lithographer, Barmen, Germany. MOUNT OF THE HOLY CROSS, COLORADO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 299 While our columns are always open for the discussion of any relevant subject, we do not necessarily indorse the opinions of contributors. Anony¬ mous letters will not be noticed ; therefore correspondents will please give names — not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. All letters of more than 1,000 words will be subject to revision. A PRINTER IN PARADISE. To the Editor : Toronto, Can., May 10, 1897. If you will find space for the inclosed answer to “A Printers’ Paradise,” I shall be glad. Anon. A Paradise for printers — the idea is absurd. Such lamentable folly was ne’er before heard. Just let one of the craft take his “ form” up, and let him Ascend to the heights with the angels and set him Up in front of a “case” full of cherubs ; then hear him As he gets “out of sorts” with those who are near him, Using all his “cap Ds,” and then “turning” for “dashes,” Till along comes a “ reader ” who on him just flashes One glance, then with quick, heavy stroke of his pen, Marks him “ wrong font ” and sighs again and again. Saying “ What can I do with these terrible mortals Of printers who somehow creep in through the portals, To this region which never for them was intended. The “Editor” must have that rule now amended Which allows, in very exceptional cases, A “typo” to “rush” into one of our “spaces.” So back comes our man to congenial sphere, Having bought his experience in Paradise dear. Now, you of the trade, give heed then, I pray. To the warning here given, while to you I say. You must seek lower down for a warmer reception Than Paradise offers to even the “exception.” Anon. COMPETITION THE LIFE OF TRADE? To the Editor : Hillsboro, Texas, March 30, 1897. How are we to overcome bur cheap-john competitors ? Below I give you an example of what often occurs : The city election tickets were let to the lowest bidder today. There are to be 10,000. One form contains about 1,500 ems. My calculation on cost was ; Setting six forms at SO cents . $3.00 Paper . 1.25 Make-up . 50 Make-ready . 25 Presswork, ink, etc., on 1,700 . . 1.50 Cutting, after printed . 1.00 $7.50 To this I added $1.50 for profit and made my bid $9. There were five bids, as follows ; $12, $9, $5, $5 and $4.35. I will add further that I have the only job press in town that will take six forms. Joe G. Bradley, Deaf-Mute. LINOTYPE AND OTHER BRASS MATRICES FOR RUBBER STAMP MAKING. To the Editor : New Haven, Conn., March 6, 1897. While in a retrospective mood the other evening, I sat at my desk scanning the headings in back numbers of The Inland Printer. In the November number I observed a communication by D. E. Stubbs, with the heading, “ How to Make Rubber Stamps.” Having succeeded in mastering rubber stereotyping, I am always on the lookout for some¬ thing new in that line, and generally read whatever is written upon the subject that attracts my attention. While I have found nothing new in Mr. Stubbs’ letter, I was much pleased with the magnanimous style of his writing. No trace of the lye of selfishness entered the ink when it fiowed from his pen to obscure the information intended to be given. As light reflects light, the gentleman mentioned above may congratulate himself upon his generosity, if the few rays he shed will return to him multiplied from their reflection on the writer’s retina. It is my impression that nearly if not altogether half the rubber stamps used in the commercial world consist of numerals. Being thus impressed, I had reflected upon the most convenient, rapid, simple and economical way to pro¬ duce rubber-stamp numerals, and concluded that a set of brass matrices from one to cipher would be just the thing. So I purchased one set. The cost was $2 apiece, with a splendid discount. I had previously experimented with linotype matrices, and the result was so satisfactory that I had my set of matrices made specially to order, so that if necessary I could set one line right below and close up to the preceding line. I am now going to get two or three more sets made of different sizes, and believe they will answer all purposes. I expect the matrices will pay for themselves thrice over, besides making clear cut stamps, with no trouble making molds or fussing around greasing type. Just set up your matrices, lock them up, dust with graphite, place on top of your rubber, screw down, vulcanize — and your job is done. Thomas Roche. OLD-TIME METAL BORDERS THE BEST. To the Editor : Logan, Utah, April 23, 1897. In The Inland Printer for April, Mr. Cook’s “ immor¬ talizing” item in regard to borders has reminded me of a point on the same subject which I have long thought needed treatment in your columns. It really seems to me that the founders have taken a step backward, not in relation to beauty and originality in borders, for the latter-day crea¬ tions are veritable works of art, but in the matter of utility and convenience. I can well remember with how much more facility I could handle a metal border years ago, when I was an apprentice, than I can the borders of today. Fifteen years ago our metal borders were cast on bodies four ems in length, with sufficient one-em pieces to make any length of measure desired, and corners to same cast with a section of the border attached — that is, in the shape of a corner quad. During the past two or three years I have purchased a great many new borders from different foundries, and all of them are made up of two and one em pieces, with one-em pieces generally in the majority, and corners on square bodies. Two 6-point borders consisted of nonpariel ems entirely. I recently had occasion to order two fonts of 3-point border for a sixteen-page booklet. I used the border for that job because I had to, but have never used it since, for of all the vexatious contrivances designed to try the patience of a worried printer that border was the worst. The corners are cast on bodies 3-points square, and, well — set up in your imagination sixteen pages of such a border, mostly of one- em pieces, putting in sixty-four corners hardly as large as pins, and lock all sixteen pages in one form, without corner quads, using wood furniture between pages, and enjoy seeing those corners lift and keep their places in printing. If the founders want to earn the everlasting gratitude of the printer let them return to the old method of bodies and corners for borders, say I. As I seldom see anything in The Inland Printer from the West, and having learned many things of great value from your columns, with your permission I will intrude with a few questions : Have full directions for making rub¬ ber stamps ever appeared in The Inland Printer. If so, in what number and volume? In Vol. XVIII, an article 300 THE INLAND PRINTER. headed “ How to Make Rubber Stamps ” refers to making a facsimile of signature only. Is the process a trade secret ? If not, where can the desired information be obtained ? J. P. Smith. [Full directions for making rubber stamps have not appeared in The Inland Printer. The minutiae of the stamp-making process is to some extent a trade secret. The Scientific American can give you information such as you desire. — Editor.] THE INVENTOR OF CELLULOID PRINTING PLATES. To the Editor : Brooklyn, New York, May 14, 1897. The article by C. S. Partridge on celluloid printing plates, in the May issue, fails to mention the first and orig¬ inal inventor and manufacturer of these plates. For the Plioto by E. J. Davison, Kansas City, Mo. The Cock of the Walk. benefit of the readers of The Inland Printer, and to correct and enlighten Mr. Partridge, I give the following history of celluloid printing plates. In the early part of 1880 a stock company was formed of some of the prominent business men of New York, among whom were Mr. Tarbox, president, and Mr. Barnes, secretary and treasurer. They experimented with various methods of making printing plates, and finally decided on copper reverses which Mr. Partridge has mentioned, but the great difficulty in copper reverses was first the expense, and second the expansion and contraction of the same. From the first dozen or so casts from these reverses there was a faint indication of the expansion or contraction, but when a hundred or more casts were taken, the expansion became so great that a 13-em pica column often became 13>4 ems in width. On this account the firm decided to discard copper reverses. There were, prior to my time, one or two English and French experts who had tried this process and failed. The firm still had hopes, and finally tried papier-mach4, as there is little or no expansion in this material. Nine days after I entered the employ of the company I produced the first suc¬ cessful celluloid printing plate made from a papier-mach4 matrix. This was in the first part of May, 1884, and I con¬ tinued to make them for three years after, while in their employ. Sometimes as many as twenty-five casts were made without weakening or flattening the mold. All kinds of work from type plate to half-tone was successfully repro¬ duced in celluloid. If you will refer to The Inland Printer of April, 1885, on page 317, you will find the fol¬ lowing : “We received a call from Mr. Goldey, manager of the Celluloid Type Company, 82 Pulton street. New York. He says the celluloid type and stereotype is becoming so popular as to keep their forces working overtime in the endeavor to catch up orders ahead. He showed us a cellu¬ loid type letter which had been run through a press fed with a gunny bag instead of a sheet of paper, and while the wooden base was twisted and battered into fantastic shape, the celluloid face remained perfectly unbroken. He reports that their stereotype process is an unqualified success and truly the specimens he carries verify his assertion.” The paste that I made did not contain pipe clay, but other minerals were used which withstood the enormous pressure of 250 pounds to the square inch. The molds did not break until after from ten to twenty-five casts had been taken from them. The first successful celluloid plate I made for the company was, as before mentioned, in the first part of May, 1884. It became the talk of New York City and else¬ where. Damon & Peets began to make zulonite printing plates in opposition to Mr. Klopsch. I may mention that the columns which I made for Mr. L. Klopsch I made months before anyone knew how to make a resisting paper mold. After I severed my connection with the Celluloid Stereotype Company there were many imitators, but cellu¬ loid plates in New York became a thing of the past and finally drifted out West. Send your New York agent to see me and I will show him papers in my possession which will prove my claim as the inventor and father of celluloid print¬ ing plates. Louis C. Timroth. [Mr. Partridge’s reply will be found in his department. — Editor.] PRINTERS’ ROLLERS. To the Editor : Keokuk, Iowa, May 7, 1897. In your issue of April I notice that “ W. A. D.,” of Mechanicsville, Iowa, is troubled with his rollers sticking in the molds. Such a thing should not happen if the com¬ position is made right and the mold is in good order. How¬ ever, if he will use a little lampblack mixed with his oil, or on the swab, he can use any kind of lubricating oil and will have no trouble. Again, if a roller should stick in the mold for want of proper care or oiling, a little coal oil put in the end of the mold and allowed to stand a few minutes, in order to give it a cha'nce to seep down around the roller, will allow the roller to be easily removed. Following is my formula for making composition, and if you think it worth while you may publish it for the benefit of W. A. D. and others : Good hide g-lue . 5 pounds Crude g-lycerin . 8 pounds New Orleans or Sug-ar House Molasses . g. s. I use a very thin glue. Placing it on a piece of thin muslin or cheese cloth, about a yard square, I take hold of the four corners and submerge it in clear cold water about a minute, then take it out, shake out all the water I can, and hang it up for a while, until all the glue is perfectly pliable. Now put it in the kettle and cook from two to three hours, add the glycerin and cook forty to sixty minutes, so that the ingredients become thoroughly mixed and of the same temperature ; then pour off into a flat pan. It will keep in this shape for months (perhaps a year or more), and will readily remelt. To make rollers, add molasses to suit the temperature of the weather. You can cook the molasses. THE INLAND PRINTER. 301 say, thirty to fifty minutes, and add the composition and cook until thoroughly melted ; or you can melt the composi¬ tion and add the molasses and cook about fifty to sixty minutes. For winter rollers it will be necessary to add as much or more syrup as you have glycerin. We figure our winter rollers to cost us 11 to 12 cents per pound, exclusive of the cost of cooking, thus : ' 5 pounds g'lue, at 17 to 18 cents, say 18 cents . $ .90 8 pounds g-lycerin, at 14 to 15 cents, say 15 cents . 1.20 8 pounds syrup, at 6 to 7K cents, say 7 cents . 56 1 pound water (cannot cook it all out) . 00 22 pounds cost . $2. 66 Have used rollers made after this formula from one to two years on cylinder press on all kinds of work. Yours, R. R. ANCHORING PLATES TO WOOD MOUNTS BY BOLT AND NUT — PRIORITY CLAIM FOR AUSTRALIA. To the Editor : Melbourne, Australia, April 7, 1897. In your issue for February you have an illustration of a patent granted to Mr. Abelmann, of Maywood, Illinois, a device for anchoring copper plates to wood mounts, by means of a bolt, which is soldered to the plate, and passing through the wood is secured at the back by a nut. I, although born at Rutherford, New Jersey, U. S. A., claim for Australia the credit of being the first in the field to invent and use the idea. It is two years since I mentioned the idea to my em¬ ployer, and last year, March, 1896, Mr. Calvert decided to use the bolts and screw-nuts for securing a half-tone plate, 16 by 20, to a wood mount, which was printed as a supple¬ ment to the Advertiser, Adelaide, illustrating the Austral¬ ian cricketers, who visited England and America last year. A proof of the block I send under separate cover. Messrs. Hussey & Gillingham, of Adelaide, who printed the block, can substantiate my statement. We have also used the bolts for securing plates to metal mounts, printed in the Leader, Melbourne. I hope you can find space to insert this in your valuable paper, which has a large circulation in Australia. C. B. Shugg. 227 Little Collins street. AUGUST MARXHAUSEN — PUBLISHER. To the Editor : Detroit, Mich., May 8, 1897. It is not very often a man lives to spend fifty years at the printing and newspaper business. Mr. August Marx- hausen, publisher of the Abend Post, had this rare pleasure on May 5. It was fifty years on that day since Mr. Marx- hausen was apprenticed to the printing business. He was born April 2, 1833, in Cassel, Germany. His father died early, leaving a widow with a large family of children. At the age of fourteen he was confirmed, and being able to present such certificates and diplomas he had no trouble in getting a position with the Allgemeine Casseler Zeitung. In those days trades and professions were organized after the mediseval fashion, and Mr. Marxhausen was obliged to go through elaborate ceremonies and pass a severe examina¬ tion, after which he was solemnly declared “ knight of the black art.” His first work was proofreading, his mother being obliged to pay $225 annually as a premium. He remained with the paper four years, obtaining a practical training in all branches. In 1851, he followed his elder brother to New York, where they established the New York Handels Zeitung, a still prosperous weekly. A year later they were induced to come to Detroit at the solicitation of a prominent physician, who advertised for practical newspaper men to establish a German paper in this city, the Michigan Weekly being started, The two brothers did not like the policy of the paper, which was in favor of slavery, and when the abolition party was founded they established the Michigan Journal, the first German daily in the State. It was strictly Republican and anti¬ slavery. In 1854, the two brothers separated and August Marxhausen established the Abend Post. Detroit had a population of 15,000 Germans at that time, and the struggles of this journalistic newcomer form an interesting part in his history. In speaking of this the gentleman said: “I have worked hard and toiled early and late to make the paper a success ; I have traveled all over the State, walking from one town to another in search of subscribers and busi¬ ness.” Today the Abend Post is the leading German daily in the State. The paper owns a handsome building, has all modern improvements, including typesetting machines and an electric light plant of its own. Personally Mr. Marxhausen is modest and retiring, devoting all his time to business. He has kept aloof from politics, excepting that of serving as a member of the Park Commission. He attends strictly td business, but has taken a most active part in all the happenings of German life in this city, and is at present president of the most prominent German society of this city. The employes and friends of Mr. Marxhausen did not let this anniversary pass by without a proper celebration. On this day, after the paper was sent out a little earlier, the gentleman gathered all his employes about him and gave them a luncheon, at which also representatives of all the papers were present. Not a happier man was found on this day when he was mingling with those who had toiled with Photo by E. J. Davison, Kansas City, Mo. A Motherly Old Hen. him the past half century to make the paper a success, and many were the reminiscences he related of the days gone by, when there was not the power press of today, nor type¬ setting machines, and when it was a harder task to issue a paper than at the present day. Mr. Marxhausen is known as a kind and considerate employer, and he has with him employes who have with him become old men. It has often 302 THE INLAND PRINTER. been remarked in this city that were there more such kind- hearted employers there would never be any occasion for trouble between employer and employe. The esteem the gentleman is held in as a citizen was also manifested when a complimentary reception was tendered him by several hundred of our citizens. P. A. L, EDWARD C. HUGHES, PRINTER, SAN FRANCISCO. BY STYLUS. The few surviving printers of the 50s in San Francisco will remember a considerable printing office, for that time, located at 511 Sansome street, corner of Mer¬ chant, known as the “Two Toms.” Not only was this the sign over the door, but the cards and other office stationery, and the imprint on the work, was thus designated. The office was established in 1855 by Thomas H. Agnew and Thomas B. Deffebach, both practical printers, and under its various changes of owner¬ ship has continued at the same place until the present time. For twenty-five years the present owner, Edward C. Hughes, has been its proprie¬ tor, and the history of the es¬ tablishment is an interesting one. In its early career the office had the principal auc¬ tion catalogue business, together with the bulk of the work from the United States Customhouse and the customhouse brokers. The printing of auction sale catalogues was an important branch of the business in those days. Nearly all kinds of goods were thus sold to retailers : for instead of importing houses, as now, carrying the goods in stock for sale to the trade, manufacturers in the East or Europe consigned stocks to auction and commission firms, who sold to the trade by auction from day to day. These were the days when the compositor looked upon a string footing up $75 at the end of the week as only a moderate wage. Agnew & Deffebach continued the partnership for several years, when Agnew sold his interest to his partner, though continuing in the employ of the establishment for some time thereafter. After the sale the business was known as T. B. Deffebach & Co., and here Mr. Hughes sought and obtained employment in 1868. At that time the office con¬ tained a very old Hoe cylinder press, probably one of the first sent around the Horn to California, a Ruggles rotary, two Ruggles platen presses, .and one Gordon — also one of the very early types. The composing room was fairly equipped, and altogether the office was fully up to the average of the time. About two years after Mr. Hughes obtained employment in the office, John Cuddy came there as a journeyman printer. Deffebach having amassed a comfortable compe¬ tency, and having contracted a marriage with the heiress of an old Spanish estate, he signified his willingness to sell out the printing business. Cuddy and Hughes took the matter under advisement, with the result that they became the purchasers in 1871. At the end of three years the part¬ nership was mutually dissolved, Mr. Hughes becoming the sole owner. Edward C. Hughes is a native of Elmira, New York, but came to the Pacific Coast when a lad ; and in 1863, desiring to become a master of the art and mystery of printing, he entered the office of the Territorial Enterprise, at Virginia City, Nevada, as an apprentice. Here he continued for two years, during the golden age of this mining town of phe¬ nomenal growth, at the time when Mark Twain was a reporter on the Enterprise, and the readers of that cosmo¬ politan daily paper were entertained with his wit while they were edified with the scholarly editorials of Judge Joseph Goodwin. As before stated, on leaving Virginia City Mr. Hughes came to San Francisco, and here he has ever since remained. From his boyhood days Mr. Hughes has been an enthu¬ siast in military matters, and as soon as he was old enough he enlisted in the National Guard of Nevada. On coming to San Francisco he therefore early became an enlisted member of the Old Franklin Light Guard, a military company com¬ posed almost exclusively of printers. He has ever since been connected with the National Guard, holding various offices in that body, including a first lieutenancy, and latterly that of major. In 1896 he was placed on the retired list with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1894 Mr. Hughes was elected a member of the Board of Supervisors of San Francisco, having always been an active Republican, though never a seeker after office. This position he held for two years, but declined a renomination, as the requirements of his business called for all of his time. From a small beginning, as all the old San Francisco printing offices began, Mr. Hughes has built up a large and profitable business. The equipment of its early career has been entirely replaced with new and modern machinery, until now everything is strictly first-class. A line of stop- cylinder presses is constantly running on the pressroom floor, devoted chiefly to catalogue and railroad work. The general superintendent of the place is Sam Severance, who has been an employe of the office for many years, and has long since made himself indispensable. The foreman of the composing room is Louis Strohmeier, another old and indispensable employe. The office occupies two floors at the corner of Sansome and Merchant streets, and is well lighted on its entire side and front ; and while not the larg¬ est printing establishment in the city, it is certainly one of the most prosperous. NOTES AND QUERIES ON LITHOGRAPHY. BY EMANUEL F. WAGNER. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from lithographers, lithographic artists, and others interested. Indi¬ vidual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. Some of the color work put on stone some 2,000 years ago by the Egyptians, in decorating the tombs of their dead, have retained their brightness to the present day. Would that the color men of today gave us colors. for print¬ ing from stone that would stand the light of day for so many hours. If there had been no etching on copper there would probably have been no lithography, for Senefelder under¬ stood and practiced etching on metal. By accident he wrote with an acid-resisting liquid (probably etchground) upon a freshly polished stone ; he began to etch the same with diluted nitric acid, and lo ! see how the little bubbles industriously began to work, devouring the lime, but wisely keeping away from the fortified writing ; the result was that the letters became raised. Of course, this is not lithog¬ raphy, for not until 1798 was the real principle of stone printing discovered by him. The X-ray is getting in its fine work upon the realm of high art. According to a story this light has been used to good effect in establishing the authenticity of a painting executed on wood by Albert Diirer — the date, 1524, etc., which had been hidden unselfishly by the brush of the great artist through retouching, was brought out. Even the fiber of a finely woven fabric which had been stretched THE INLAND PRINTER. 303 across the board previous to painting has been brought out k la half-tone. The old master did not imagine when he tried to hide his errors in the seclusion of the studio that they would yet be brought back to view ; nor that his work, thus analyzed, would come so near to the appearance of the average l5-ceht half-tone work of today. “ There is not a thread so finely spun, Or it will reach the lig-ht of sun.” The limit placed on the edition of the dignified work by Atherton Curtis, “ Old Masters of Lithography,” is 750 copies. It contains twenty-two choice photogravure repro¬ ductions of old lithographs, including a short history of the invention of the art, the first really artistic picture ever drawn on stone, by Theodore Gericault, in 1817 (well known to art connoisseurs), and many bits of interest deeply con¬ nected with lithography new and old. The knowledge of lithography displayed by Mr. Curtis is very extensive, and could not have been gathered without many years of hard application to and deep interest in the subject before us. At this time, when lithography is about to commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of its invention, and when it is about to start the second century by subjugating the bril¬ liant results of photography to its manifold processes ; . when it is about to discard the ancient stone for new, light and practical printing surfaces ; when it is thinking seri¬ ously of reducing the size of its press and enlarging its printed sheet, doubling or trebling the number of impres¬ sion per hour — at this time it seems fitting that such a work as Mr. Curtis has placed before us should make its appearance. The greatest piece of lithographic work ever executed in America, and the most remarkable, perhaps, in the world, has come to completion in Boston in the form of a book containing a complete history of Oriental ceramic art. The subjects comprise the exhaustive collection made during forty years by the late William G. Walters, of Baltimore, Maryland. The number of sets has been limited to 500 (ten volumes each). The cost of preparation has been, so far, $500,000. Besides many hundreds of exquisite half-tone engravings, scattered through the book, the center of attraction lies in the 116 full-page (imperial folio) litho¬ graphic plates which have been executed with all the nicety, realistic truth of color and finish and conscien¬ tious printing that could be combined in the present per¬ fection of the lithographic art. The fine-art establishment of L. Prang & Co. had been intrusted with the prepara¬ tion of this part of the work, employing for years many of the best lithographic color artists in producing the plates from which it is printed. Mr. Prang is justly proud of his achievement, and it seems to us that it ought to be looked upon as a fitting memorial to the closing cen¬ tury of the invention of actual lithography. Works of art should be made more accessible to the art student of this age, and in this work from Mr. L. Prang we have one of the means of studying the masterly development of ceramic art, an art which plays a significant part in the history of form in all ornamental composition. We can thereby view best the early efforts of man, from the time when he first molded the clay to an utensil to the time when he began to exhibit his love of the beautiful by ornamenting that uten¬ sil, and later how his imitative instincts tempted him to turn to nature, until he became a master in the harmonious blending of lines and proportions in artistic rhythm, as they have been created in the human form divine, and to which source every feature of art can be traced back. But it has been said by eminent authority that in this practical age of ours we have lost the key to the unlocking of the laws of beauty which gave rise to those sublime works of pottery and sculpture of antiquity. Today we measure and calculate upon these specimens, but seem to have lost sight of the fact that those chaste lines were directly transmitted through the human form, in its endless variation of move¬ ments. The designer cannot leave out of sight the study of ceramics, if he would grasp the ideas pervading the old Athenian productions or if he would work on chaste and classic lines today. It will bring to him, by comparison, a notion of those mysterious laws that guided the antique potter or sculptor in his creations, laws that should be lost to us ! for is it not a fact that the best men of today would not dare to supply a missing part in the wonderful concord of lines left us on a wrecked statue ? Is it really a fact ? Have we lost the key to the mysterious shrine ? It is true, the modern man finds little chance for physical development. The figure of antiquity is getting scarce nowadays, and the bicycle, football or boxing sports are not just calculated to develop beauties of form, according to natural laws. Still, the principles of beauty in art have not yet changed ; we can still recognize the truth when it appears. Let us give a vote of thanks to the intelligent perseverance of the men who have placed this great collection of pottery within the jurisdiction of libraries, and may there be other people, endowed with means, who would likewise place to their credit such worthy accomplishments in the sphere of art through its faithful servant, lithography. PRINTING IS FOR READING, NOT FOR FANCY LETTERS OR MANY-COLORED INKS. In a paper on “Fine Printing,” read before the New York Library Club, Theo. L. De Vinne said that in his younger days he had been taught that anything which was difficult, eccentric or striking was fine printing ; but that idea has now largely been outgrown. “ Printing,” said he, “ is a secondary art. The best printing is that which does not obtrude the personality of the printer. Men buy books to get the thoughts of the author, not for illustrations, fancy letterings and many-colored inks. That is the one idea the printer should always have before him. He should use the best types, inks, paper and presswork in his secondary work, but should never set out to make it primary in any sense.” He further said that printing was degraded in the six¬ teenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, when the printers departed from the true path and sought fine lines and embellishments of color and fancy lettering. “ We have had what was worse than the inundation of fine lines, that is, ornamental letters,” said Mr. De Vinne. “Printers have distorted and otherwise misused the plain letters in an endeavor to make something graceful. We have suffered for years, but this rage is now almost over. “ There is another thing that has injured really good work — dry-paper printing. In former days printers used to wet their paper, but that has been almost abandoned since some man discovered that a glossed paper could be used almost as smooth as glass. This is a necessity in the printing of the delicate half-tones now used in our period¬ icals. Nevertheless, it is very irritating to the eye. In order to produce this work publishers have strayed out of the proper channel. Type work has been sacrificed, with firmness, stability and reliability, to pictures. We now have better characters, better presses, better skill, and better ink, and yet the printing of today is not superior to work done fifty years ago.” In further explanation of this matter, Mr. De Vinne has recently sent a communication to the editor of New York’s entertaining weekly, Newspaper- dont, in which, among other things, he says: “I repeat with emphasis that the printing of types on dry paper is not as good a method as the older method of printing on damp paper. There is a firmness and clearness about damp paper presswork, as done fifty years ago, not to be seen in our modern books. The dry paper that is good for cuts is bad for types.” 304 THE INLAND PRINTER. NEWSPAPER ILLUSTRATORS — CHARLES A. BEATY. OF the newspaper artists of the West whose work is just now commanding- popular favor, none are more deserving of honorable mention than Charles A. Beaty, of the Peoria Herald, several of whose sketches are presented in the current number of The Inland Printer. Mr. Beaty is a native of Illinois, twen¬ ty-eight years of age, and started out upon his career as an attach^ of the Labor Problem, a Minneapolis publica¬ tion, in 1894. His success from the start was most gratifying to himself and satisfactory to his employers. The genius which was everywhere mani¬ fested in his productions not only took amEizingly with all classes of people in the Minnesota metropolis, but so im¬ pressed itself upon the minds of the enterprising proprietors of more pre¬ tentious newspapers in that locality that it was not long before he was catering to the wants of the public for newspaper illustrations through the wider mediumship afforded by the Morning Call of the adjoining city of St. Paul. From there he went to the Daily Globe, of the same city, where he still further distinguished himself, his sketches of the Ging murder case, for which Harry as an educated artist, and is perfectly familiar with all the details of process engraving. His portraits are finely executed and marvelously correct reproductions, while his cartoons, always abreast of the times and of striking origi¬ nality, are free from those appeals to the coarser element of society so often employed in this character of illustration. Equally as clever in crayon, ink or chalk, with a capacity for work that is almost limitless in its range of possibilities, Mr. Beaty may be justly considered one of the rising young artists of the present day, and one who has every reason to congratulate himself on the prospects the future has in store for him. Written for The Inland Printer. THE COUNTRY OFFICE. BY PAUL MAULE. SOME time ago I made a visit to an old friend of mine, a few miles south of my home. He had been running a weekly paper in a weakly way, in connection with a small job office, using his few fonts of type interchangeably in advertisements and jobs, including some script and other type of the highest grade. One boy was asleep at his case as I entered. He had a half-filled stick in his hand, and it seemed ready to drop on the floor. Another boy was planing a form down ; and if energy was lacking in the boy at the case, this other one made up for it with the mallet. It made, me crawl to see those type hammered so. At the farther Charles A. Beaty. Drawn by Charles A. Beaty. Hayward suffered death upon the gallows, being master¬ pieces of design and detail, and adding in no small degree to the reputation always enjoyed by the Globe as one of the most enterprising publications of the, great Northwest. A lucrative position being offered him by the Peoria Herald, he removed to the latter city and has since been doing yeo¬ man service in behalf of that journal, devoting what leisure time falls to his lot in contributing specimens of his work to the magazines and other publications. Unlike many of those who aspire to distinction in this particular field of labor, Mr. Beaty is a natural, as well end of the room a young man was getting a form ready for press — the first side of the paper for that week. In one corner was a young woman setting type very vigorously, and watching the ball game in an adjoining lot. She could do this with capital ease, owing to a certain peculiarity of her eyes. Near the lead-cutter was a peck of its chewings, with scraps of brass rule sprinkled over by way of a condi¬ ment. Under a table was a heap of old wooden furniture, cut as occasion demanded, to be used but once. The walls were frescoed with old jobs giving the pedigree of a dozen fine horses ; and those horses must have been twins, or duodecimos, as Mr. Teall might suggest, for they were printed on the same block, and all held their ears in the same direction. Then there were auction bills, fair bills, and two other Bills scowling defiance at each other over the door of the sanctum. On a standing-galley there were at least sixty small jobs tied up, half of the type being picked out as the sorts failed in the cases. There seemed to be a tradition that the jobs would be ordered again, and then what a snap it would be to find them standing all ready — after spending nearly as much time in doctoring them up as would have been required to set them ! “Where’s Marsh?’’ I said, after I had looked around a little. “At the ball game,’’ was the reply. I said I would go down and find him, and did so. I looked at him a little before speaking ; and, knowing him as I did, I wondered why it is that men take so much interest in things that do not concern them, and which really have so little of interest at best. I finally spoke to THE INLAND PRINTER. 305 my friend, who seemed pleased to see me, and then he seemed to be lost to all around except the ball-players. When the game was over we went back to his “ den,” as he very well named it, meaning his office. We entered and took a seat — Marsh throwing his legs over the table while mine went under it. Well, how is business ? ” I asked. ‘‘Dead ! ” said Marsh. ‘‘This is the deadest town, and this is the deadest business, I ever struck. Nothing goes right. I buy and buy ; but when my hands are paid I have less than when the week began. Besides, I get so tired of this humdrum newspaper, telling who comes and goes ; and then I have to strike such a mean in politics and religion as will please most and offend none. Really, my paper should be called, so far as politics is concerned. The Poplican- cratist, while religiously it is The Universalutheranodist. I’m tired of the cry for copy, for I hate to touch a pen or a paste-brush. My advertisers assume the right to set their own price on their advertising, and expect me to apologize if they pay me a cent ; but whatever I get of them I pay for, and do not ask for a horizontal reduction of fifty per cent on their wares. Then there comes the annual reduction in value of stock. Compared with its appearance when new, it seems to lose nine-tenths the first year. Yes, even Miss Gifford over there in the corner has declined (in one sense) a great deal since she first worked for me during Harrison’s campaign in 1888.” Here Marsh seemed overcome, and crossed his arms and held his head down. Then Miss Gifford looked in at both of us (at once) and asked Marsh if he had finished that obituary of old Colonel Barron — she ‘‘just must have it right off.” “ I hate obituaries so badly,” said Marsh, ‘‘ that I take a secret delight in a man’s death for being so disobliging as to annoy me by making an obituary necessary. Why can’t men write their own obituaries as well as their wills ? Who cares when the old man was born, crossed the Alleghanies, married, and settled in this county ? Set up what you please in your stick, put a black rule over it, and I may add a few words.” Miss Gifford looked cross (in the rest of her face), and retired ; but when I read what she did set up, ‘‘just out of her own head,” soon after that, I was satisfied that she possessed a literary acumen of a high order, and one that Marsh himself either lacked or had failed to cultivate. There was nothing out of plumb with her brain, even if she did not need a shotgun with parallel barrels. Then we went into the composing-room to look around ; but it was not a composing room to the feelings of an old printer (note the omission of that hyphen). I felt sorry for Marsh, to see the- stone in such condition. The old forms were covered with leads, slugs, rules and quoins. Why can’t folks stand a lead up in place when taking up type to throw in, instead of tossing it down on the type ? Just then the umpire of the ball game came in with enough score for two columns of matter. ‘‘ That’s the stuff ! there’s juice Drawn by Charles A. Beaty. for the public ! ” said Marsh. ‘‘I’ll add a column to that in no time. That’s what the boys want ; and yet I’ve often thought I didn’t get as much help in a money way from these fellows as I do from those who are getting up the new lecture course.” But what shall be said of the appearance of Marsh’s paper ? I read it all through on my way home — except where the presswork was too bad. The local correspond¬ ence was of a light and gossippy nature, clad in bad lan¬ guage, made worse by the typo. The editorials were mere mentions of coming meetings. The rules above the date lines and headings were ugly. Instead of a double rule over a heading, and a parallel one under it, he had a single over it, and an inverted double one under it, thus : CLARKSVILLE BUGLE : MONDAY, FEB. 8, 1897. instead of the simple but beautiful way I have always admired in this journal. The column rules were not up at the top, and on one page the double head-rule was inverted. The local advertisements were set in as many styles of type as the office afforded, interlarded with unmeaning Drawn Charles A. Beaty. 306 THE INLAND PRINTER. ornaments — using the latter noun in a type founder’s sense. In fact, the whole paper antagonized my feelings in every way. I can give a better idea of it when I describe its opposite in another chat. No wonder the owner as well as readers of such a sheet become tired of its appearance. And yet the trouble is not a financial one ; for without the outlay of a cent I know the foreman of The Inland Printer could have made its readers say, “How differ¬ ently the paper looks this week ! A stranger would think we were turning the world over in our quiet town if he should happen to see the issue for this week. What a lot of cheap and useful improvements Marsh has suggested for the town council ! ’’ Yes, I could make that much change myself, and I don’t claim to be a stunning success as a jour¬ nalist, either. NOTES ON JOB COMPOSITION. Under this head will appear, each month, suggestive comment on the composition of jobwork, advertisements, etc. Specimens for this department must be clearly printed in black ink on white paper, and mailed to this office, flat, marked plainly, “RALPH.” G. A. Crowders, Clinton, Illinois. — Both card samples are excellent. The K. T. card is especially so. A. A. P. McDowell, Cass City, Michigan. — Both jobs are very good, and show good taste and proper treatment. Smith, Cummings & Co., Logan, Utah. — Your work shows good balance, effective display, and harmonious color combinations. R. J. Kaylor, publisher the Tribune, Hastings, Penn¬ sylvania. — The card, blotter and note-head are well dis¬ played, artistic, and show proper treatment in all depart¬ ments. G. F. Ramsey, Hartland, Wisconsin. — The ads. in your paper are excellent, and show proper treatment and effect¬ ive display. Your advertising card is also neat and artistic and should bring you patronage. Richard M. Bouton, South Norwalk, Connecticut. — We are gratified to learn that the criticisms on your work have proved so beneficial. On the business card the blue combi¬ nation is the most effective, because it lightens the diagonal panel of italic. The design is original and excellent for a color combination. J. W. Davis, with the Foote & Davies Co., Atlanta, Geor¬ gia. — The samples submitted by your house, both as to the designing, composition and presswork, are artistic, harmo¬ nious and in good taste. We would be pleased to review more of your work, and suggest that you kindly send us black-and-white proofs as well as the finished product. T. L. Turner, Martin, Tennessee. — The Kennedy bill¬ head has too much border and ornamentation to be a good job. Where you print a job on this plan use a pale tint for your ornamental work and you will find it more satisfac¬ tory. We do not think your firm note-head is as neat as that of The Primitive Baptist, which we consider a very good job. But a lead more between all the lines in the latter would help it much. George C. Higdon, Hastings, Michigan. — Your ads. are excellent and show proper treatment in every respect. The judicious employment of white space, even in the small¬ est ads., serves to make prominent the effective display. In your “flyer” you have made an error. “North Side” should be much more prominent, equally so with “ Studio,” because the advertiser evidently wishes it understood that his place of business is the North Side Studio. From The Lotus Press, New York, comes an advertis¬ ing announcement of Easter printing. The job is in two printings, gold and olive-brown, a very harmonious combi¬ nation. We cannot say that the Morris initial “O” at the corner of the center panel has a pleasing appearance. The effect would have been better had the center panel been drawn up somewhat and the matter inside the panel been less liberally leaded, in order to make it more nearly square. Fred Meyer, 933 Rockwell street, Chicago, in a com¬ munication relative to the commendatory remarks made in the April Inland Printer, regarding the ads.^ supposed to have been sent by Lord & Thomas, of that city, for criti¬ cism, says : “I think it wrong to compliment Lord & Thomas for having such good printers, instead of giving me the credit for setting good ads., although it was my fault that I Hyde’s- Gluten Whole Wheat riour... EXCELS ALL OTHERS IN GENUINE MERIT. It will stand any test you may make of it. No other flour is so rich in the gluten, proteids, fat or phosphates of wheat. It has the best of recom¬ mendations. Louis H, Hyde Jolie ihington. D. C., March 2Sth, 1895. III. e tried your Gluten Whole Wheat ■ WEBSTER EDGERLY, President Ralston Health Club. Send for pamphlet and prices to LOUIS. H. HYDE, Mfr., Joliet, Ill. sent no explanatory letter with the samples.” No commu¬ nication came with the samples and they were mailed in an envelope bearing the name of Lord & Thomas. Persons who send samples to this department should not be either afraid of criticism nor so modest that they are willing to have the apparent sender receive adverse criticism or praise as the case may be. In looking over your specimens again we find an ad. of Hyde’s Gluten Whole Wheat Flour, No. 1, which is also very creditable, but is nevertheless suscepti¬ ble of improvement. The paragraph “It has the best of recommendations,” should have been set in the same style of display that was accorded to “ Excels all others in genu¬ ine merit.” “ Hyde’s,” should also have been a trifle more prominent, which would have necessitated reducing the address somewhat at the bottom, which would not have been objectionable. The reason for strengthening the word “ Hyde’s ” is at once apparent to anyone who is at all famil¬ iar with the current advertisements of gluten flour. There are several brands now on the market, and it is at once patent that the advertiser’s idea should be to impress on the buyer’s mind the desirability of securing this especial brand. F. W. Thomas, Toledo, Ohio.— Your specimens of every¬ day work both in steel and copper plate engraving are excellent. The way you combine the type display and engraved work makes a beautiful and harmonious whole. We have nothing but words of praise to offer you both as to THE INLAND PRINTER. 307 composition and presswork, which speaks well for your corps of engravers, compositors and pressmen. It shows also that there is a good director at the business end of your establishment. N. H. Shmerl, Chicago, Illinois.— In the Laurel Wood Park ad. a trifle more space above and below the words “ Picnics and Outdoor Gatherings” would have helped the ad. out. In the Landfeld ad. of “ Fama de Joseph Cigars ” you certainly should have moved the word “ Cigars ” up flush with the word “ Joseph ” and made it just as promi¬ nent. That would have made two beautiful ads. on that page, the other Landfeld ad. being very artistic. Your ads. as a whole reflect much credit. Franklyn Oltjham, Montgomery, Alabama. — The mat¬ ter set in the panel on your blotter is very good indeed, but we think a good plain initial, to start the reading matter with, would have improved it somewhat. The matter set at the right of border could have been made more prominent by setting it on the “ reading matter ” plan, starting it off with an initial and following the next four words in capitals. To make it effective on this plan move the panel to the right about a pica in order to let more “ daylight” into the job. Bert N. Reed, Evanston, Illinois. — Your work shows a decided improvement over the previous parcel, and is con¬ clusive evidence that you are on the right track. Your most artistic job is the programme of Easter services. In your programme ads. you crowd them a trifle too much. A little more “white” would help them. The letter-head of the Pearson Lumber Company would have been perfect had you set the officers’ names considerably smaller. For an apprentice of your limited experience, we think your work ranks high and proves that you are studious and heed what is said to you. Don’t be backward about asking advice. Fred J. Knowles, with F. & E. Greenbaum, 13 Spruce street. New York. — The show card of the New York Journal Pressroom Employes is an artistic job, both from a printer’s and a pressman’s point of view. The composi¬ tion is artistic, perfectly balanced and well finished. The presswork is excellent and the ink of a superior grade. To be sure, it could have had different method of treatment as to the color scheme, but that would be merely a matter of taste and could have no effect whatever on the work. As to composition it could not, in our opinion, be better balanced or more artistic in design. Kyle J. Bass, Sulphur Springs, Texas.— The plan of your folder is good. To make it what it should be, follow this plan : Take the word “ what ” out of the panel, because it is cut off from the words to which it properly belongs. Now, in 18-point De Vinne, caps and lower case, group the wording “What the Sulphur Springs Loan and Building Association has done.” The word “Association” is much too prominent, as is also Mr. Garford’s name. Of the above wording put about two or three words to the line, according to their size, and work it in on the oblong plan. It will pay you to reset this job, and work at it until it is perfectly balanced. Patterson & Goodfellow, Springfield, Ohio. — Consid¬ ering the experience you have had }'our work is very credit¬ able. The Perry & Goodfellow card has a number of weak points. In the first place all the type employed in its con¬ struction is of too uniform a size. A character “ & ” should be used in firm names. The catch line “ and ” is too prom¬ inent. To improve this card set the names at the top smaller, move the telephone number to the top between the two names and use 6-point for it. Let “Perry & Goodfel¬ low ” remain as it is with the exception of putting in a character Now put the words “Pine Buggies” in one line, and immediately underneath it place “Phaetons and Surreys.” Omit the word “and.” At the lower left- hand corner in one line, in about 6-point, put the words “ all kinds of,” and under this in a good bold 10-point type set “Farm Machinery.” Move the address over to the right and you will have a pretty fair job. T. H. Winfrey, Runnells, Iowa. — The first page of Grinnell Association programme, with the line set diagon¬ ally across, is not at all good, the one set with “Grinnell Association ” in the panel is by far the best plan to follow. The latter is a very good job. However, it could have been improved by bringing the word “of” over flush with “Con¬ gregational Churches ” and at the bottom, on the “ square ” or “block” plan set “to be held at Runnells, Iowa, April 27 and 28, 1897,” in nonpareil gothic. Move this matter down within 12 points of the bottom and put the ornamental wreath in the center above it. Reset this page on this plan and you will undoubtedly be benefited. B. Bertram Eldridge, Harwich, Massachusetts. — Your work as a whole is very creditable. On your card jobs you use entirely too much border and ornamentation, but you work it in very neatly. The E. R. Horton card is bad, because you have sacrificed your display to make room for borders. Your circular work and envelope corners are espe¬ cially good, being well designed and balanced. The Hopkins note-head is also well done. The card advertising the boat Emma J. is the most up-to-date and best-designed specimen, and is not over-ornamented. There is a great danger in the use of ornaments, because they eat up too much white space, thereby detracting from effective display. Watch this point. W. S. Thomason, Albia, Iowa. — Do not be so sparing in the use of leads between lines. In the Heiserman and Porter «& Ott headings, one more lead between the lines of the panels would have made a vast difference. Now, in the Porter & Ott heading you make an error in making the words “ Leading Brands ” so prominent. The names of the different brands of cigars was of more importance than the words above referred to. These are our only criticisms as to display. Your embossing would stand out better if you would make your dies somewhat deeper. You work your tints a trifle strong. Your work as a whole is very neat, and if you will heed what is here said you will see the difference. U. B. Roberts, Evansville, Indiana. — Your samples are very creditable and show unmistakable evidences of artistic talent. The Herman Bros.’ catalogue cover, and the one for Fowler, Dick iSc^Walker, are the best and most artistic. It is our opinion that the shading of the Bradley caps in the panel did not add anything to the effectiveness of the job. The Hartman letter-head is very neat and tasty, with excel¬ lent embossing. It is not a good plan to use as much border as you employed on the Henderson Brewing Company’s statement. Your balance is all right, and it is only in minor details that you need to watch your work. Always remember that the more ornamentation you use on sta¬ tionery work the more you lessen the chance for proper display. Len W. Feighner, publisher of The News, Nashville, Michigan. — To look at your letter-head one would scarcely expect to see the nice samples of work which you sent us for criticism. If you can do such nice work for your cus¬ tomers you certainly should, and we believe can, be able to do equally good work for yourself. In your own work you have all the latitude you can desire to alter the copy, there¬ fore the less excuse for sending out a bad job. The most artistic specimen in your collection is the folder for the Epworth League, and the plan of composition is all that could be desired. To improve the folder set the pastor’s name much smaller, and substitute a mural ornament for the long fancy dash. Set the matter on the inside one size 308 THE INLAND PRINTER. smaller, and use the space thus gained in effective leading. You have secured a very pleasing effect in the Feighner & Barker card. It would have been better had the firm name been set a trifle heavier. Your blotters are excellent, and the colors very harmonious. The little brochure, “ Some Figures and a Few Kind Words,” is artistic from every point of view, and shows that you took much pains with the job. Henry Token, of the Toren Printing Company, Holland, Micljigan. — You are right in saying that your card. No. 2, is out of balance. There is too much sameness to it. It is evident that you have not yet learned the value of combining light-face type with heavier display. This plan is of nearly as great value as that much white space. It serves to make the display strong and forcible and at the same time gives to the unimportant wording all the prominence necessary. Do not spread the wording all over the stock and stop using so much rule and such a profusion of gimcracks. They are not necessary and only tend to divert from the display, instead of attracting to it. We have set two contrasts to this job, showing different methods of treatment. No. 3 is a good plan, and we use it merely to show you the value of light-face type and the proper “whiting out.” No. 4 is the most artistic and the best plan to follow where there is so much matter to contend with. The paneling feature will at once recommend itself to the observing printer, because of the many superior advantages to be gained thereby. By this plan it is possible to materially strengthen the display, make a more effective use of “ white,” and bring the secondary reading into desired prominence. Fred C. Weissner, Baltimore, Maryland. ^ — ^Your two best jobs are the “Plum Point” folder, and the “Paris Green” card. The latter is admirably displayed, and reflects much credit. Your removal notice is faulty, the matter in the panel having a very spotted appearance, owing to the combination of Tudor Black caps as capitals to French Old Style. In the “Hiram Lodge” folder, while in the main you took the design from this department in the Feb¬ ruary Inland Printer, yet the Laurel border is too open and not of the right character. The words “Hiram Lodge ” would have been much better in capitals. The rule lining the side of the panel should not have been bent at the ends, because it presents a bulged appearance. Fred Butxerworth, Menasha, Wisconsin. — As a whole your work compares very favorably with the average job- work of today. But you are weak on your own printing. On your note-head the black wreath detracts from the rest of the heading, and the line set in 6-point extended gothic across the top is bad. Now, if you wished to use the wreath it should have been printed in a tint. But there is not room enough to employ large a design. On stationery work the firm name is the most important thing, with the business next. All other wording is unimportant and should be in light-face type. You can also improve your business card. Your calendar is a good job and your most artistic speci¬ men. To improve it reduce the brown ink considerably with magnesia. It is now too strong. Lloyd McCutcheon, Hudson, Iowa. — The plan of the Gutnecht & Strayer note- the best, but the names of the two gentlemen comprising the above firm are much too prominent. The curved rule dash does not add to the appear¬ ance of the heading. If you wished to take up some of the blank space, it would have been well to place “ General ” in line in the center, and “Merchan¬ dise ” immediately underneath. We think you do excellent work with the material you have at command. The two folders are of excellent de¬ sign, and could not be improved with your present material. The Annual Benefit folder is excellent, but we would call your attention to the border under the words “Annual Benefit.” Always turn the border the same way when you use a strip at the top, and one at the bottom in a panel. Lennis Braunon, with Billue & Braunon, Talladega, Alabama. — Your samples, large and varied as they were. warrant the statement that your work is certainly artistic, and that your brother helps your composition wonderfully by his good taste in colors and admirable presswork. Your envelopes, certificates, checks and circulars are all first- class. Now, there is a serious fault evidenced on some of .^THE Hollandje; bell telephone 25 1 Store, _ / WILL VAN ZANTEN, Prop, and Manager. DEALER IN aticl COFFEES, Q PICES, EXTRACTS 5 and BAKING POWDER Specialties in Crockery, Qlassware, ■nd Silverware. North River Street, HOLLAND, MICH. Presented by 'T'kkets for Crockery. Gtass- * ware and Silverware given with each purchase, -f -f ♦ No. 2. BELL TELEPHONE 25. m Holland Tea Store WILL VAN ZANTEN, Proprie Specialties in Crockery. Glassware and Silverware. Presented by_ Teas and Coffees. Spices, Extracts and Baking Poinder. NORTH RIVER STREET, _ HOLLAND. MICH. THE INLAND PRINTER. 309 your commercial work. The Farmers’ Alliance letter-head would have been excellent had you omitted the border at top and bottom of sections. The Jackson statement is bad. You have sacrificed your display in order to use a strip of border. Take it out and strengthen the line somewhat. Pay attention to the small things, such as over-ornamenta¬ tion, and never use ornaments that detract from the display. C. E. Smith, Meyersdale, Pennsylvania. — Your work as a whole would be improved if you would strengthen your display more, using light-face type to accomplish same. In the Quarterly Announcement folder you have made two serious errors. This is a “ Quarterly Announcement of Sunday School Literature.” The words “ Sunday School ” should have been more prominent, equally so with the word “ Literature.” The latter word is a trifle too large. Reduce this line to the same size as “ Quarterly Announce¬ ment.” Place the words “ Sunday School” in one line in the center of the measure, and commence the word “ Litera¬ ture ” flush with it to the left. The other bad feature is the use of an elephant ornament and a chicken just coming out of the shell. What have chickens and elephants to do with Sunday schools ? The elephant cut was used above a panel containing the words “ Bibles, Books, Tracts, Papers, etc.,” and the chicken cut below it. The elephant looks as though it were frightened and the chicken is on the dead run. Bad plan. We do not say this to hurt your feelings, but to make it so plain to you and all other readers that they will be inclined to study up on proper ornamentation. Another thing to avoid is the use of an extended capital as a starter and then following with extra condensed of another font. We wish to call your attention to another fault. In the J. M. Smith card the word “representing” is more prominent than the business represented. Otherwise this card is very neat and tasty. Charles S. Kessler, Superintendent Miami Union Pub¬ lication Society, Troy, Ohio. — Your work as a whole is very neat and attractive. You can improve some of your jobs by not using so many large faces of type for display. When this plan is followed forceful display is next to an impossi¬ bility. Do not understand us to say that all your work is on this order, for such is not the case. The reason we call your attention to it is that there seems to be a tendency in that direction. There are some things in every display job that should be accorded more prominence than others. Use good judgment in determining what should be brought out, set that portion in type of suitable face, and group the other wording about it in such a manner that a perfect balance is assured. Type of the same face often ruins the appearance of a well designed job, simply because there is a profusion of matter to contend with in a small space, thereby precluding proper “ whiting out.” Unless there can be plenty of daylight on a job set on this plan, there is but one proper way to treat it, and that is on the “light- face type ” plan for the unimportant parts. One or two heavy displaj”^ lines are better than many. Every heavy display line that is used beyond this number lessens the chances for effective display. It may be of benefit to you in cutting card stock on a paper cutter to know that the edge of the stock away from the clamp is always “feath¬ ered.” You can prevent this by trimming the stock on all edges that are rough. The clamp prevents the edge back of the knife from being rough. We thank you and all other correspondents for the many kind words of encouragement. We appreciate them. Fred Vollenweider, Weehawken, New Jersey. — The design of the Dispatch letter-head can be improved. We certainly would omit the ornament in red at the right-hand side. In the line “ office of ” the fancy “ O ” looks more like an ornament than an “ O.” “ Hudson County ” is too weak. The street address is as prominent as the words above refer¬ red to. Let us call your attention to the wrong font “ N ” in the word “ Bergenline.” One thing that affects the appearance of your letter-head is the poor quality of your ink. It is too “dead.” As to design, you could construct a long narrow panel of the border you employed, work it in a light blue tint at the right-hand side ; make it about as deep as it is now and half as wide ; put a two-point rule border around the panel and work it in gold. Work the matter now in the panel in bronze-blue. Now, make a full line of “Hudson County Dispatch,” say in 36-point St. John, if you have it ; if not, use some other black-face plain type. Work the capitals “H,” “C” and “D” in bronze-blue and the bal¬ ance in a deep orange with a good body. At the top of the sheet, directly in the center of the main line place the post office box, im¬ mediately under the editor’s name. Now, in the direct center underneath the main line place both addresses. Put a date line on the heading at a convenient distance from the above, and we think you will have a better and more satisfactory job. It may be necessary to modify this plan some, but you can make such alterations as will not inter¬ fere with good balance and finish. Be sure your press and rollers are perfectly clean. We see evidences to the contrary in much of your color work. You cannot do good color work unless you are very particular to have every¬ thing clean. John C. Pitts, Maryville, Missouri, incloses a card for criticism and says: “It is the first attempt of Orrie Bracher, apprentice on The Missourian. This is the only place where I have seen Tudor caps used to advantage.” Mr. Pitts is mistaken in regard to the caps being used to advantage. The words “ The Club ” are set in Tudor Black caps and printed black and red, shading the letters in red. It is not good, and we would urge the readers of this depart¬ ment not to use an all-cap line of Tudor Black. The plan pursued in the composition by Mr. Bracher is very good, but there should have been more space left between the two panels at the bottom of the card and one more lead between $pic($ Extracts Baking Poipdcr Specialties in Crocherv Glassinare and Silverware TICKETS FOR CROCKERY, BELL TELEPHONE 25. The Holland Tea Store WILL VAN ZANTEN, Proprietor and Manager. Teas and Coffees. NORTH RIVER STREET, HOLLAND, MICHIGAN. 310 THE INLAND PRINTER. the lines. The attempt at shading- on this card was errone¬ ous. It was also a mistake to work in the Jenson ornaments at the bottom on the reverse side, because the paragraph was not finished and the ornaments served as a dash to cut the signature off from the paragraph where it properly belonged. R. H. Dippy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. — There were many artistic pieces of work in your large and varied par¬ cel of jobwork. The color schemes are good, composition well balanced with effective display. We reproduce one % A % mm mm JTy. Booklet quoting special net prices Published by on WM. H HORSTMANN COMPANY Horstmann P.O.S.ofA. of Philadelphia Makers of Society Supplies of the Higher Grades ^ ^ Catalogues of Paraphernalia and Uniforms for the Patriotic Order Sons of America Parade Supplies prepared expressl-y for the Reading Demonstration S in August 1897 m ^ € No. S. of your designs. No. 5, the cover for the Horstman book¬ let. In this design the following wording was in red ; “A Booklet,” ‘‘ Wm. H. Horstman Co.,” and “Reading Demon¬ stration in August, 1897.” Now, we wish to tell you a fault you have on many jobs. Pa3' more attention to the joining of your rule. In this especial job the rule in some places was out 2 points. These places we “touched up.” If you are going to use rule, see that you make good joints, as it has much to do with its effect. You requested your speci¬ mens returned, but did not inclose postage. If you wish them forwarded please send the necessary stamps. Kate Z. Rich, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. — You need not fear ridicule in this department. That is not its mis¬ sion. All inquirers are treated alike, and we have no other aim or desire than to help those who seek aid. There is no good reason why you should not do as effective or artistic work as anyone else. Your work, as a whole, is not quite so bad as you imagine. To be sure, it has its weak points, and that is what we are going to call your attention to. The Horter envelope you refer to is excellent and the bal¬ ance perfect, coupled with effective display. The reason is plain : you have omitted ornamentation and given the dis¬ play the required amount of white space to make it effective. In the Casey card you seem to think there is too much matter, yet at the same time you eat up your space with worse than useless ornamentation, besides employing too many faces of type, and they do not make a harmonious combination. On this job widen the measure one pica, omit the panel border. “ Casey’s Oyster and Dining Rooms ” is the main and most important line. Set “Casey’s” in 18-point type of medium heavy face ; also strengthen “ Oyster and Dining Rooms ” and break up the display line if necessary. The address should be smaller, in about 6-point De Vinne. “ Open all night ” is also too prominent for so small a card. Be careful of your balance and give the card all the white space you can. You have improved the Calvary Post job in more ways than one. In the blank form the type in the box headings, “ Dollars ” and “ Cents,” is much too large ; 6-point is large enough. This will allow 3-ou to line the rule up, and do not use a dotted rule to mark the division line, but the same face rule that is used in the main column. The card of W. E. Dickson is very neat. There is also another card that you can improve on. The Excelsior Sign Company card should have been set in dif¬ ferent type. The first panel should have been set in plain, bold type, and the second panel in light-face type ; the three ornaments should have been left out and one appro¬ priate ornament used at the side of the panel. Strengthen the firm name a trifle and reduce the prominence of the address. PROOFROOM NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY F. HORACE TEADL. It is the purpose in this department to allow for a full and satis¬ factory discussion of every matter pertaining to the proofroom and to proofreading. The contributions, suggestions, and queries of those specially interested are cordially invited hereto, and no effort will be spared to make the answers to queries authoritative and the depart¬ ment in general of permanent value. “ Doily ” or “ Doiley' ” ? — Prom the advertising depart¬ ment of the Nonotuck Silk Company, Florence, Massachu¬ setts, we have the following : “ Kindly give us the correct spelling of the word variously printed as ‘ doily ’ and ‘doiley,’ and also the plural of the same. There has been considerable discussion in regard to the proper way to spell this word, and we will leave you to render the final verdict.” Answer. — Our final verdict in this case is simply that of all the dictionaries. Every one of them enters the word as “doily,” and they are right in doing so, because, though the name from which it is derived was variously spelled as “Doily” and “Doyley,” and maybe otherwise also, it is well to select one spelling — presumably the prevalent one — for the common name. At any rate, this is what the lexi¬ cographers have done, and no good reason to dissent from their choice is apparent. The plural of the form chosen is “ doilies.” For the other form it would be “ doile3’s.” Choice Between Singular and Plural Verb. — C. H. E., Sacramento, California, writes ; “Which of the follow¬ ing sentences are correct, and by what rule ? ‘ Please state whether one or six bottles is desired,’ or ‘Please state whether one or six bottles are desired ’ ?” Answer. — In this question as written there is an erroneous use of the plural that is not at all questionable. “Which . . . correct” should have been written. Only one is contemplated, as a choice, by “ which,” therefore the verb should be singular. In the sentence inquired about are is the proper verb. THE INLAND PRINTER. 311 because the plural subject immediately precedes it, and the singular verb agreeing with “one” is understood, not expressed. Logical fullness of expression would demand something like “ whether one bottle is or six bottles are”; but that is plainly undesirable. The rule is that in such cases the verb should agree with its immediate subject. Objection to the plural verb in the other sentence does not conflict with this rule, because the pronoun “ which,” mean¬ ing “ which sentence,” is the direct subject, notwithstand¬ ing the intervention of other words between it and the verb. Bath or Baths? — Plural Possessives. — J. P. & Co., Buffalo, New York, request an opinion as follows : “Please inform us whether we should use the word ‘ Bath ’ or ‘ Baths ’ in the inclosed card [which says “Mohawk Palace Baths ”] , and if we are right in using the apostrophe before the 5 in ‘gentlemen’s’ and after the ^ in ‘ladies’.’ It has caused considerable argument here by reason of the literary editor on the Sunday Express claiming the card was right and the teacher of rhetoric in the Buffalo High School claiming the opposite.” Answer. — The card in question is exactly right in every detail, according to universal usage, except that it says “ 2nd floor ” where most people would have “ 2d floor.” In the establishment there are baths, and not merely one bath. Why should any one think of calling these a bath ? The rhetoric pupils whose teacher objects to the plural possessive forms as given are unfortunate. We cannot see how they can avoid leaving school with a stock of wild notions that every student has a right to be warned against. No grammar text-book that we know of ever gave any other forms for these words than the ones quoted in our question. We never before heard of any person who doubted their correctness. Plural nouns ending in s form the pos¬ sessive by adding the apostrophe only, and other plurals by adding the apostrophe and s. Working Under Difficulties. — The following was written in a private letter, but we print it because of its interesting way of describing one reader’s environment. How many can equal it ? “ Not much of my time is spent in reading proof here — perhaps a third. The rest of the time is taken up in stenographic work and verbatimizing copy for the typos. I work some at the case, set tabular matter and Drawn by A. J. Fischer for the Bulletin, Sydney, N. S. W. A Poultry Item. {The lady of the house has Just heen presented -with a sitting of prize Hamhurgs and Andalusians.) Jane : “ Missus says to take ffreat care of' ’em, as six is Humbugs and the rest Delushions.” index. All editorial work here is done in shorthand through me, and many a thousand pages of cobwebs have I written. The surroundings here for a reader would drive you crazy in an hour. I have no separate room, but the assistant editor and I have the same table, and that table is the headquarters of the whole establishment, where dis¬ cussions are going on all the time, nearly. Then he has a phonograph into which he dictates correspondence when I am too busy to do it ; and if you wish to enjoy yourself, let somebody toot into one of those things within two feet of you. Then he has a telephone headquarters at his right hand, and ‘Hello— -ooo — ooo — o--o-!’ becomes another adjunct to my equanimity of temper. Besides that, my gen¬ eral work is relieved of its monotony by the reading of a constant succession of jobs from the jobroom, and transla¬ tion of letters without number, written in French, German, Spanish, and Italian, as the business I am with permeates all civilized regions. Besides these other disturbances as you might term them, there is the snapping of paper-cutters and stitching-machine, and the roar of presses under me. Then the editor is a very famous whistler, and relieves me of anything like monotony by blqsts that would do credit to a fog-horn in the harbor of New York. Yet I rather like this concentration business, for it is entirely destitute of tedium, or ennui as a Frenchman would call it. Still, I often wish I had a separate room ; but the editor insists on having me near for consultation.” Oh and O. — Mr. W. P. Root, Medina, Ohio, sends us the following interesting note: “In few things does one find greater irregularity in printing than in the use of O and oh. I was strongly reminded of this last Sunday when, on tak¬ ing my place on the organ-stool at church, I found a new hymnal in the rack. The book was printed by Armstrong & Fillmore, Cincinnati. Turning over the leaves I irrever¬ ently noticed the following, on page 8: ‘O, come, loud anthems let us sing.’ In the music the words were: ‘Oh, come,’ etc. Right under this was a hymn headed, ‘ O God ! to us show mercy.’ Here is the key to the solution: The letter O is not an interjection, but simply the sign of address, and should always be followed by a proper name or a noun used as such: — that is, something supposed to have ears. It should never have any point after it. A comma or exclamation-point may follow the succeeding noun, according to the intensity of feeling ; thus, in the first verse of Psalm 79 we have this : ‘ O God, the heathen are come into thine inheritance.’ That is correct. In the first case cited above, the O is wrong, for it is followed by a verb. In the second case it should be ‘ Oh, come ! ’ for the exclamatory exhortation ends there. The third case is right, for ‘O God!’ is manifestly an interjection, and its meaning would be greatly marred by putting a comma after it. In the Psalm quoted, the comma is better, for the writer is informing and not imploring. The best use I ever heard of the vocative O was by a preacher who generally began his prayers, ‘ God, we thank thee,’ etc. The absence of the O was conspicuous. Oh should be treated just like any other interjection. It may or may not have a comma after it, or an exclamation-point; but the latter should alwaj’s be used where the elevated tone falls ; thus, in Psalm 119 : 97 we have : ‘ Oh how love I thy law ! ’ That is right. I have never yet seen a book of poetry wherein these words were not used in a perfectly promiscuous manner.” Wages of Proofreaders. — Mrs. K. G. S., Takoma Park, D. C., writes: “Kindly inform me what wages a professional proofreader commands when employed for that alone, on say, a daily journal of large circulation.” Answer. — Generally a few dollars above the union scale in whatever city he may be employed. About $21 per week is the average, but many proofreaders of ability receive much more. THE INLAND PRINTER. 3i: CAPT. WILLIAM HENRY CUNDY. ON March 4, 1897, Mr. Edward E. Edwards read before the Franklin Typographical Society, of Boston, Massachusetts, an eloquent eulogy of the late Capt. William Henry Gundy. A limited edition of the eulogy has been printed for the members of the society, from which, by the kind permission of the secretary, Mr. C. W. Brown, we take the following facts. Capt. William Henry Gundy was born in Frederickton, New Brunswick, in 1832, and learned the printer’s trade in the office of the Bangor (Me.) Courier, at the end of his apprenticeship going to Boston, Massachusetts, and working in various offices until the Civil War broke out, after which he was employed on the Herald for a time, but shortly gave this up for the real estate and brokerage business, in which he remained up to the time of his death. Captain Cundy was an active member of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia as early as 1850, and served with distinction in the Civil War, and was mustered out in 1865. He was elected to the Massachusetts Legisla¬ ture in 1870, and for twenty years and up to the time of his death he was one of the assistant assessors of the city of Boston. He was a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company and of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, a member of the Society of the Army of the Poto¬ mac, of Gate of the Temple Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and a member, prior to the war, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He was one of the original mem¬ bers of the Boston Printers’ Union, the predecessor of the Boston Typographical Union, and was successively its president and secretary. In 1891, Captain and Mrs. Cundy made a tour of Europe and the East, and later visited Cali- 3-5 fornia and the Pacific Coast, and early in the past winter visited Florida, largely on account of the captain’s health. Early in February Captain Cundy took ill at Tampa with peritonitis, and died on the 19th of that month. The remains were brought to Boston and funeral services were observed in the Central Congregational Church, on February 26. The interment was at Salem, New Hampshire. In addition to the immediate friends of Captain Cundy there were present large delegations from the several organizations to which he belonged, including both his old commanders during the war. Col. Samuel H. Leonard and Col. Joseph A. Dalton. The Franklin Typographical Society was represented on the list of pall-bearers by ex-President Henry R. Danforth. PRESSROOM QUERIES AND ANSWERS. CONDUCTED BY A PRESSMAN. TO CORRESPONDENTS.— Letters for this department should be mailed direct to ai2 Monroe street, Chicago. The names and addresses of correspondents must be given, not necessarily for publication, but merely to identify them if occasion should arise. No letters will be answered by mail which properly belong to this department. Printing on Linen and Bond Papers. — K. S., of Waterloo, Iowa, wants to know if there is a “ process by which clean and clear printing can be done on linen and bond paper ? Does dampening the sheets, just before printing, do any good ? What kind of ink and rollers are best for this kind of work?” Answer. — Read reply to C. M. B., of Massena, New York. The best rollers to use are those made from glue and molasses, and known as “old-style” composition, although good results can be got from the use of any roller composition that is not too fully impregnated with glycerin. In sultry or very warm summer weather, the old-style composition roller is the most reliable, so far as we know of at present. It is hardly necessary to dampen sheets before printing. This w’as in vogue years ago, when printing papers were hard to print on and the methods of printing crude. The Handling of Enameled Papers at Press. — R. H. C., of Muncie, Indiana, writes: “Will you inform me what means are most employed to prevent spotting of enameled paper other than careful han¬ dling ; and whether there is any other method of pre¬ venting wrinkling of same than to gather the pages ? That is in 16 or 32 page signatures.” Answer. — Sheet boards with two projecting sides made to take on the standard sizes of paper used in pressrooms, should be used. These boards may be made to hold from 200 to 400 sheets. They should be so constructed as to fit over one another, and be piled up in a convenient place near the fly table of the presses. The boards are laid on the fly table singly, and the sheets laid on them by the fly of the press. When enough sheets are piled on the board it is removed without handling the sheets, and in this way escapes all possibility of soiling or breaking the enamel on the paper ; besides keeping the printed sheets clean, the use of such boards facilitates the drying of the ink. Printing on Linen, Bond and Rough-Finished Papers. — C. M. B., of Massena, New York, has had trouble making ink look sharp and solid on French linen paper, and says: “Will you kindly give me information on the way to work inks on paper like this. I had trouble printing the accompanying heading. First, I tried black ink ; but it would not cover the letters. Then I thinned the ink with varnish without success, and resorted to blue ink at last. I had the best results with this by using a hard blanket and a piece of cambric cloth under the tympan sheet ; but the work has a sloppy look. Can you help me?” Answer. — The specimen of heading is fairly well done. Thinning 314 THE INLAND PRINTER. down ink with varnish would not help the appearance of press work on the stock employed ; but a small bit of lard, well worked into the ink, would have rendered the body of the ink “shorter,” and left the impression cleaner. A tympan made of hard paper, with a thin sheet of muslin inserted between the paper, say about three sheets from the top, will be found advantageous ; sometimes two sheets may be used. There is a fine thin sheet rubber, known as “ baby-cloth,” which is superior to all else for tympan pack¬ ing for printing on rough-surfaced hard papers. This should be inserted about four sheets from top of tympan. The material can be purchased by the yard from reputable rubber goods dealers — it is quite reasonable in price. Ink on Playing Cards Rubbed Off. — C. F. G., of Imlay City, Michigan, says: “I had occasion to print on some playing cards, using brown ink. You could not rub it off, if the hand was dry ; but, if moistened, it rubbed off. How can I remedy the matter ? I have tried no other color to see if the effect would be the same. The backs of play¬ ing cards seem to be glazed after the printing is done.” Answer. — You should have sent us one of the cards ; because the finish given to such cards is made by the use of a spe¬ cially prepared varnish or a soap size. If the cards you printed on had the latter finish, then the color would rub off when moistened. The face and back of all good playing cards are glazed after the printing has been done. Making Overlays for Half-Tone Plates for Coated AND Calendered Stock. — B. E. S., of Nevada, Missouri, has sent a printed impression of a 5 by 7 inch half-tone por¬ trait, regarding which he writes thus : “ Would like to know if it is possible to obtain anywhere near satisfactory results with the half-tone inclosed, on the same quality of paper. It was made ready with three different thicknesses of paper, in the manner described in The Inland Printer of some months ago. The balance of the page was not made ready, as I took the form off the press to wait for some enameled half-tone paper, upon which it showed up very nicely. If the half-tone plate had been made with wider meshes, wouldn’t it have helped it ? ” Answer. — To obtain fair results from half-tone plates on “ book- surfaced” paper, the overlays should be stronger than for enameled or highly supercalendered stock. This is necessary to impress the solids into the interstices of the imperfect and uneven sur¬ face of inferior papers. The overlaying of this portrait would have been improved if the coat had been built up a little stronger. The ink used on this impression is full of grit, and appears to have been put on with a dirty set of rollers ; these disadvantages have contributed to a very infe¬ rior result. Altogether, unsuitable ink, paper and rollers have produced what, under other conditions, would have turned out to be a good piece of printing. Half-tone plates, made with open (or wide meshes) screens, will print better on book-surfaced stock than those having fine or close meshes. Another Remedy for Rollers During Sultry Weather. — A subscriber, writing from Auckland, New Zealand, sends the following; “In order to keep rollers made from patent (glycerin) composition in good condition, several offices here use the following formula: When the rollers are taken out of the mold, they sponge them off with a mixture of one-half ounce of tannic acid mixed in a pint of methylated spirits. One office, in particular, that has tried the above, claims that by this treatment the rollers are always in good condition, and are not affected by atmos¬ pheric changes. The rollers are put away clean and dry, and do not lose their tack. Is this method of keeping rollers in good order during sultry weather known of in America? If so, please inform me of the experience of pressmen there who have used the articles mentioned.” Answer. — The formula is little known here; but as both tannic acid and methylated spirits are almost harmless on roller composition, we see no reason for not putting the formula to the test, especially as the season is now on when pressmen will have trouble, less or more, from atmospheric changes. Tannic acid is an astringent, made from bark and other parts of trees, and resists putrefaction, as in the case of tanned leather, in which it is largely employed. Methylated spirit is a solvent, and is used largely in the arts as such ; it consists of one volume of crude wood-spirit and nine volumes of spirits of wine. It is exceedingly nauseous to the taste. The Life of Blankets on Web Presses.— J. S. V., of Birmingham, Alabama, writes: “I want to get the recipe for making roller composition. I have received enough valuable information out of two issues to more than pay for my year’s subscription. How long should a pair of blank- kets last, when run on a web press, at an average of eight thousand daily ? Should blankets ever be sponged ? Some pressmen say that they ought to be, while others say not.” Answer. — In the January number of this journal five dis¬ tinct recipes were given for making rollers under this head¬ ing ; but as that issue is out of print now, we give one that may be suitable : Ten pounds of Cooper’s fine glue (in cakes), two gallons of New Orleans molasses, one pint of good glycerin and about two ounces of Venice turpentine. See page 71 of April number, which explains the manner of making the composition and of casting it into rollers. Increase the quantities when a large batch of composition is needed. The life of a set of blankets (felt) depends on the treatment they receive. This question is like this one : “ How long should rollers last ? ” The answer is the same. However, let us add that with ordinarily good care a set of blankets, running off such a daily edition, should last from eighteen to twenty months — longer or shorter. If blankets become “dead,” and do not show wear otherwise, they should be cleaned off with naphtha, allowed to dry before use, and, when dry, evenly rubbed up with a clean and dry lye brush. Avoid the use of water on felt blankets, as they soon harden and lose their elasticity after the sponging. When blankets become too old, dirty and dead, then sponging with weak lye and water may be resorted to, in which case this should be done so as to give time for the material to dry, and then carefully brushed as suggested. Advantages of Printing from Originals of Half- Tone Plates.— J. K., of Jersey City, New Jersey, asks the following question: “Is it advisable, and can good results be obtained by printing direct from an ‘ original ’ half-tone plate, as it comes from the photo-engraver, namely, the plate on which the photo-engraving process was per¬ formed ? Such plates are usually very thin, copper-faced and mounted, the same as any ordinary electro. In my opinion such plates should give better results if taken off the block, carefully made ready on the back and mounted again, than an electro. However, I have heard so many contradictory opinions about this theme that I would like to be advised by you. It is certainly prudent to have, in all cases, electros made ; but my question is. Is it advisable to print from the original thin plate?” Answer. — The best results are obtainable from original plates, because the tones are sharper, the mesh prints cleaner, and the entire work deeper wherever etched out. Underlaying on the back of the engraved original, whether the metal used be zinc or copper, is quite effective when done skillfully and not too strong ; because if the subject is underlaid too strong then the wear on the surface of the plate becomes excessive and its durability is only a question of time. Still, the original plate will stand more than double the wear of an electro¬ type cast taken from it, for the reason that it is deeper from the surface and thicker in body than the copper shell of the electro cast. The use of “originals” of photo-engravings THE INLAND PRINTER. 315 is becoming’ more prevalent every day ; and where the best of results are sought, and the edition large, it is greater economy to have several originals made from the photo-neg¬ ative than to use electrotypes. The thickness of metal used for making half-tone plates is sufficiently strong to print a very large edition from, without showing deterioration, to any great extent, if the make-ready has been skillfully done. In any event, the original is clearer, deeper and better than any electrotype, however carefully made. Copper-Faced Type. — W. B. S., Penn Yan, New York, asks : “ What is your opinion of copper-faced type. Does it not scale off?” Answer. — Copper-faced type is much more durable than other type. It does not scale off. A Reasonable Price for Catalogue Work. — “ Jack ” asks: “What would you consider a reasonably profitable price on 2,500 catalogues, to be printed as per following instructions : Size of page, 6 by 9 inches ; 25 pages ; to be run in 8-page sections, or more if to better advantage, each page to contain reading matter and cuts ; paper, 60 pounds super book ; cover paper of 80 to 100 pounds, enameled on one side ; in addition to regularly printed cover, one line to be embossed ; binding, wire-stitched same as The Inland Printer, through sections, but not to be inset. All to be good work.” Answer, — Figuring on the Chicago scale, which you can adjust to the scale of wages in your own city, a reasonable estimate would be as under : Composition, 59,500 ems brevier . $44.65 Stock . 12.00 Presswork, sixteen pages . 10.00 “ eight pages . 7.50 “ two pages . 5.00 Binding . 12.50 Cover, stock . 6.75 “ presswork . 3.75 “ embossing . 3.00 Embossing plate . 1.50 $106.65 PROCESS ENGRAVING NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDtJCTBD BY S. H. HORGAN. In this department, queries addressed to The Inland Printer regard¬ ing process engraving will be recorded and answered, and the experi¬ ences and suggestions of engravers and printers are solicited hereto. It is believed that herein will be found a medium for the interchange of valuable hints and suggestions never before offered to those in interest. Substitute for Ground Glass.— “Operator,” Seattle: The best substitute for a broken ground glass is another ground glass, and it is very easily made. Take a few cents’ worth of fine powdered emery, dust it over a piece of flat plain glass, wet it with water, and then with a flat iron or another piece of glass rub the emery with a circular motion over the plain glass. It will not take long to make a per¬ fect ground glass in this way. To Remove Nitric Acid Stains. — “Etcher,” Richmond, Virginia, asks: “Is there any way to remove the bright yellow stain that nitric acid leaves on the fingers ? Your excellent paragraph on the removal of nitrate of silver stains makes me ask this.” Answer. — Paint the nitric acid stains with a solution of permanganate of potassium ; wash well, then rub the stains with dilute hydrochloric acid until they are bleached white, or the natural color of the skin, and finally wash in soap and water. Removing Silver Stains from Fingers. — E. A. Pierce, editor of the Belmont (Iowa) Herald, writes: “I wish to suggest a simple method by which all silver-stained fingers may be avoided. After the hands have been dipped in nitrate of silver, and before they are exposed to light, wash thor¬ oughly in salt water. This changes the nitrate to chloride of silver, which may be removed by washing them in the ordinary ‘hypo’ bath.” Answer. — This method might do for an amateur, but a regularly employed photographer has no time for so much hand washing until the day’s work is over, when he will find nothing so satisfactory for removing the silver stains as the iodine and cyanide method previously recommended in this department. Blackening Brass. — “ How can I blacken the stops and interior brass work of my lens tube? It has become so shiny that I am afraid it reflects light ” is the query of Max C., Chicago. Answer. — Brass to be blackened must be first cleaned thoroughly, after which it can be dipped in a dilute solution of bichloride of platinum. As this salt is rather expensive, a cheaper solution is recommended by Herr Fleck, as follows : Water . lOO parts Ferric chloride, 40° B . SO “ Yellow prussiate of potash . 5 “ Dip the clean brass, and, when a good black, wash with water, heat, rub with linseed oil, and polish dry with a soft rag. Process Work on Grant Memorial Day.— Many of the Eastern papers distinguished themselves by feats of photo-engraving on the occasion of the services at General Grant’s tomb, in New York, recently. The Philadelphia Times printed in black an excellent portrait of U. S. Grant, bordered by a laurel wreath in a delicate shade of green. The evening edition of the New York Journal tried for the first time the color attachment on its presses, printing “ Old Glory ” in its proper colors as the decoration around Grant’s portrait. The New York World published a double-page picture of the scene at the tomb. This plate was fifteen columns wide, and required a special casting box twice the size of the ordinary one to stereotype it, and the New York Tribune reproduced in half-tone, in its news pages, a snap¬ shot photograph of President McKinley taken while deliv¬ ering his address. Dust as an Obstacle in Half-Tone Making. — J. W. C., Buffalo, New York, writes: “You will pardon me for troubling you over so simple a matter, and yet it is a seri¬ ous one with us — the problem of how to prevent particles of dust adhering to our half-tone negatives.. Our establish¬ ment is located where the wind sweeps sometimes great clouds of dust in our windows. These it is impractical to keep shut for six or eight months to come. What I should like to know is : Have you ever had similar complaints from this trouble and how can it be remedied? ” Answer. — The dust question has always been a troublesome one, but more so since the introduction of gelatin dry plates and fine screen half-tone work. There is a photographic establish¬ ment in New York City where dust is kept out by means of weather strips on all doors and windows ; the ventilation being secured by artificial means, air being filtered through muslin screens before being distributed through the build¬ ing. In your case the dust likely settles on the negatives during the operation of turning them. I would suggest that you use a prism and dispense with the necessity of turning. Then the rooms should be swept thoroughly each evening and scrubbed out daily if possible. If this were done, in the darkroom at least, you would find a great improvement. Further, the negatives should be dried in a sheet-iron oven and this kept thoroughly clean. Zinc Plates Graying While Etching. — J. B. R., Buffalo, New York, forwards a few flat proofs from etched zinc plates, and after complimenting this department for the aid it has given him, says : “ This is a new trouble ; as you will see by inclosed proofs, the blacks are not solid. When the zinc plate is examined with a magnifying glass, it shows fine pin holes all over it. I thought it was in the zinc, but a fresh lot works no better. If you can help me, please do so by mail, at once.” Answer. — This trouble can come from but one cause — if the pin holes penetrate the plate to a considerable depth — and that is impure dragon’s 316 THE INLAND PRINTER. blood powder. Suppose, for instance, finely powdered wood were mixed with the dragon’s blood powder, when this combination was dusted on an ink-coated zinc plate, melted in and put in the acid bath, the fine particles of wood offering no resistance to the etching solution would permit fine holes to be eaten in the plate under each speck of wood powder. This is just what happens with impure dragon’s blood powder in etching fine work, when but a slight coat¬ ing of the powder is admissible, and deep etching is required. The remedy is to see that this powder is a rich red. Powder the color of brick dust is liable to be adulter¬ ated. The pin holes can be overcome sometimes by adding a drop or two of oil of lavender to ink used in rolling up. This will cause more of the dragon’s blood to stick to the plate ; or, if the plate is powdered twice before the first etching, this trouble may be overcome to some extent, but there is no surer cure for it than that the acid-resisting resin called dragon’s blood shall have no foreign powder mixed with it. Photography in Natural Colors. — A serious setback is likely to be given legitimate color process work by this Chassagne method of alleged color photography that is being exploited so extensively by the press of this country. It would seem necessary to caution readers of this depart¬ ment against placing much faith in the claims made for it by the newspapers. The facts are : These journals are seeking sensations so ardently that descriptions of flying machines, new motive powers, processes for photography in natural colors, or any improbable invention, will get columns of free advertising and plenty of stock floated while legitimate enterprises not sensational will be noticed only at so much per line. The writer has seen the best exhibits of photographs colored by Chassagne dyes, and the most he can say of them is, that they resemble very much the hand-tinted photographs that are so common in Japan, only that the latter are far superior, owing to the fact that the Japanese artists are more skillful in laying on the colors. I have also read the Chassagne patent specification and it recalls the description of a similar process invented by an American, now forgotten, but which it is timely to refer to here briefly : In 1856, the Rev. Levi L. Hill, a Baptist min¬ ister, of Westkill, Orange County, published “A Treatise on Heliochromy, or the Production of Pictures by Means of Light in Natural Colors, Including the Author’s Newly Discovered Collodio-Chrome or Natural Colors on Collo- dionized Glass, Together with Various Processes for Natural Colors on Paper, Velvet, Parchment, Silk, Mus¬ lin, Porcelain, etc.” It is a book of 175 pages, in which will be found many certificates from leading papers and scientific men of that day testifying to the accuracy of the colored photographs then shown. Prof. Samuel F. B. Morse says, for instance; “It gives me great pleasure to testify from ocular demonstration to the reality of this dis¬ covery of a process for fixing the colors of the camera ob- scura image.” Even the United States Senate was memorial¬ ized on the subject. Here is one of the formula for making photographs in colors: “Take a small handful of the leaves of the red rose, violet, marigold, dandelion, dahlia, poppy, and peony, and mash them in an earthen mortar with about half a pint of alcohol. Do this by the light of a candle only. Strain off the colored liquid and keep it well corked in a glass bottle in a dark and cool place. In this way it may be kept good for months. To use it: Spread one side of paper with it, let the paper dry, and then spread it with alcoholic tincture of otto of rose, say one drop of the pure otto to half an ounce of alcohol; let the paper dry spontaneously and it is ready for use. It requires a pro¬ longed exposure to the colored rays, but the resulting pic¬ tures are strikingly delicate and beautiful.” The Rev. Mr. Hill sold the secrets of his method in this book for $10 a copy, and the chemicals for working his method for $15, and he became very rich, but no one was ever able to make pho¬ tographs in color by his process. One advantage may come, however, from the public experimenting with the Chassagne method, and that is, they will through it be educated to appreciate and encourage the efforts of those now working the three-color process, which is indeed the nearest ap¬ proach to the reproduction of color by photography which has yet been discovered. NOTES AND QUERIES ON ELECTROTYPING AND STEREOTYPING. CONDUCTED BY C. S. PARTRIDGE. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from electrotypers, stereotypers and others. Individual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Inquiries will receive prompt attention. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. A CORRESPONDENT in California asks “ What are the best text-books on electrotyping and stereotyping ? Is there any way in which I can duplicate the type in my office ? ” Answer. — Urquhart’s Electrotyping ($2) and Partridge’s Stereotyping ($1.50) contain much valuable information on the subjects treated. Both books may be obtained from The Inland Printer Company. There is a proc¬ ess of duplicating type by means of elec¬ trotype matrices, but it requires expensive machinery and appliances and would not be practicable in the hands of any but skilled type founders. We do not know where you could find any printed informa¬ tion on the subject ; would advise you to consult the nearest type foundry. J. S. McComb, New Orleans, writes : “ Can you give me any information con¬ cerning the clay process of stereotyping. I have recently seen some book-plates made by this method which seem to me much superior to papier-mach^ stereotypes. The type faces are sharp and deep, and fine line engravings are reproduced with great accuracy. Why is the process not more generally employed ? ” Answer. — The clay process is seldom employed for the reason that it is too slow for most of the purposes for which stereotyping is applicable, and is not satisfactory as a substitute for electrotyping. The composition used for molds consists of ground potter’s clay, powdered soapstone and plaster of paris thoroughly mixed with water to the consistency of soft putty. The mixture is spread evenly and smoothly on an iron plate which is clamped securely to the head of an elec¬ trotyper’s swinging-head press. The first impression in the clay is made with a piece of cotton cloth between the form and the clay, to absorb the superfluous moisture and block out the general shape of the form. Two or three sub¬ sequent impressions are made without the cloth, each a little THE INLAND PRINTER. 317 deeper than the last, by which time the composition has become nearly set. The plate is then removed from the press and floated in the metal pot until all moisture has been expelled. A bent steel wire is then laid on the plate surrounding- the mold on three sides and another iron plate laid on the wire to form a cover. The two plates separated by the wire with the mold between them are clamped together and metal poured in the open side. To prevent shrinkage, water is poured on the plates, beginning at the bottom and cooling gradually toward the top. ^ The process demands considerable skill in the operator, particularly in molding, as the impressions must be made at just the right instant to insure good results. Hard-Facing Electrotypes. — An Iowa electrotyper writes: “I have a customer who complains that my elec¬ trotypes do not wear well, and says he can get electrotypes in Chicago which are made of material harder than copper. Do you know of any such process, and what it costs ? Do the Chicago electrotypers make an extra charge for such electrotypes?” Answer. — Your customer probably refers to nickel-faced electrotypes, which are much harder than copper and will wear at least twice as long. The process is quite simple and inexpensive. The plant required consists of a small dynamo and depositing vat, with the necessary connections and anodes. It would be practicable to connect the nickel tank with your electrotyping dynamo if it has sufficient capacity and a current strength of 2^ or 3 volts. The electrotype mold is made in the usual manner. After the preliminary coating has been given the mold by the use of iron filings and copper solution, it should be suspended in the nickel solution for about twenty minutes, when it should be rinsed in clean water and immediately suspended in the copper bath for the usual time. The coating given to the mold by the iron filings and copper solution is little more than a color and will soon wear off, or if desired it may be washed off with dilute nitric acid. The nickel solu¬ tion is made by dissolving three-fourths of a pound of the double sulphate of nickel and ammonia to each gallon of water. The current required is about 2)^ volts, but if pos¬ sible the dynamo should be provided with a rheostat so that the pressure may be varied to suit the load. A very strong current may be employed when the mold is first placed in the bath, but after it is covered the current should be weak¬ ened or the resistance increased by separating the anode and cathode to a distance of several inches from each other, otherwise there will be danger of the nickel peeling. We do not know that any Chicago electrotypers employ the nickel¬ facing process and we are not familiar with the prices which obtain for this 'class of work in the East, but it would cer¬ tainly not be unreasonable to make a charge of at least 25 per cent extra for hard-faced electrotypes. Backing-up Press for Electrotypes. — A recently patented device for backing up and straightening electro¬ types consists of a bed frame supported by suitable legs and made long enough to provide room at its middle part for a yoke and vertically adjustable platen. At one side of the platen sufficient space is provided for the backing pan to set during the process of backing up the shell, and on the other side there is room for moving the finished plate out so that another pan may be placed in position at the left-hand of the platen. The yoke and platen are somewhat similar to the yoke and platen of a stereotyper’s drying press, except that the platen is provided on its under side with a layer of felt about one-fourth of an inch in thickness, and a press plate having projections or teats on its surface called a “hurdy-gurdy” plate. The hurdy-gurdy plate, with the intermediate layer of felt, is attached by bolts to the platen. The bed frame is provided with rollers to facilitate the passage of the backing pan from one end of the bed to its position under the platen, and from thence to the other end of the bed. In operation, the shell is placed in the backing pan on one end of the press, where it is backed up and cooled in the usual manner. The backing pan is then rolled under the platen and pressure applied by means of a hand wheel and screw, which has the alleged effect of straighten¬ ing the face of the electrotype and bringing all parts of the same, by means of the hurdy-gurdy, into one plane, remov¬ ing all unevenness and irregularities. It is claimed the intermediate layer of yielding material permits the hurdy- gurdy to give and adapt itself so it will not press any harder on the ends or sides of the electrotype than on the inter¬ mediate points. The inventor asserts that a great saving of time is accomplished by this method of straightening plates, as very little finishing is required. Celluloid Printing Plates.— In the correspondence department of this paper appears a communication from Mr. L. C. Timroth, 24 Jackson Place, Brooklyn, New York, in which he claims to be the inventor and father of celluloid printing plates. Mr. Timroth asserts that an injustice was done him because he was not given credit for the invention in the article on this subject which appeared in The Inland Printer for May. Inasmuch as celluloid printing plates were made in France in 1879, possibly earlier, and Mr. Timroth dates his invention in 1884, I do not see how his broad claim can be sustained. It is possible that Mr. Tim¬ roth was the first to make successful papier-mach^ molds for celluloid casting, and this is probably what he means to claim. No credit was given to anyone in particular for the invention of celluloid printing plates because it was found impossible to obtain reliable information on the subject. In view of this fact, Mr. Timroth is hardly justified in accusing me of injustice to him or to mankind in general. I am very glad to learn through Mr. Timroth’s letter that he is entitled to honorable mention with regard to other points of differ¬ ence. My statement that the process is inferior to electro- typing and stereotyping seems to be verified by the fact that except for the purposes mentioned in my article, celluloid stereotyping is practically obsolete, a fact which Mr. Tim¬ roth admits. As to the relative value of paper and copper molds Mr. Timroth seems to have had a peculiar experience. That steam heat is sufficient to expand copper four per cent or one inch in twenty-five, is a statement which certainly does not harmonize with the conclusions of the authorities. Possibly the apparent expansion was caused by the crush¬ ing pressure on a mold which was not sufficiently rigid and which caused it to spread somewhat. I have frequentlj' seen more than one hundred casts made without perceptibly affecting the copper mold. A CHEAP PRINTING OUTFIT. Heybach-Bush Company, Louisville, Kentucky, send- to The Inland Printer the following letter from customers who evidently have had their printing at cut prices, judging from their estimate of the cost of plant : E. E. Me - . C. M. Me - . E. E. Me - & BRO., GENERAL MERCHANDISE. Taylor Made Clothing- a Speciality. Burkesville, Ky., April 28, 1897. Heybach-Bush & Co., Louisville, Ky.: Gentlemen,— Yours to hand, and in reply will say the kind of printing- outfit we wanted was some¬ thing we could print our own letter-heads, state¬ ments, and about a 6 by 9 inch poster. Something very cheap and yet durable. Not to cost us over from $4 to $6. E. E. Me - & Bro. Send cuts and prices. Odd advertising is something like the yelling of an orator to kill time when he gets rattled. — 5". O. E. R, 318 THE INLAND PRINTER. S 18 Point 241 30 inches $1.50 IS Point 291 30 inches $1.. 50 12 Point 282 3(5 inches $1.5 8 Point 290 50 inches $1.50 12 Point 292 36 inches $1.50 2 Point 285 36 inches $1.50 36 Point 254 18 inches $1.50 MmnufaGiufea by Mmeriaan Type Fountiefs C©. ( g^ZAls THE INLAND PRINTER. 319 J 30 Point 243 20 inches $1.50 72 Point 294 24 inches $3.00 Manufaciuneti hy American Type Feunderm Ce, ( B^^ln^hilmnd'igVnofes) 320 THE INLAND PRINTER. SERIES. 2r)A 4ii;i 5 I’oiNT Akxo (NoiipareU) $2 rjo LOCAL RAILROAD AND STEAMBOAT NEWS 2 Popular Novelties in Carriages for City and Country Driving 20 A 30 a 10 Point AUNO (Long Primer) $2 75 SEVEN THOUSAND SOLDIERS 89 Monadnock Cash Register Company inA 1511 IS Point Auno (3 line Noiip.) $3 50 CUSTOM MOUSES 4 Fashions for Summer 20 A 30 tarcliroom. work is always right, and, the most unique of all, not once in all my connec¬ tion with him has he promised a job done at a certain time that he failed to deliver it when it was due. I can depend upon him. We work together ; he knows me, and I can trust him. I consider these two men ideal solicitors. The rest are passing shadows in the daylight. They are sellers of machinery-made goods. They compete ; they talk each other down ; want to “figure” on everything from a pica¬ yune order of 1,000 labels to a thousand-page catalogue. They cry figures, figures, to me, and listen when I tell them what I want ; send me dirty proofs, and look blank when 328 THE INLAND PRINTER. I ask them their opinion, or they bow and scrape obse¬ quiously when I propose something that a man with his head half full of gray matter would know to be nonsensical. I leave it to my readers to find out which of these classes of solicitors can do a house the most good, and to the master printer to arrange his force accordingly. OF INTEREST TO THE CRAFT. According to Newspaperdom, a rumor is current that the New York Sun will shortly return to hand composition. Three thousand words per minute is the speed achieved by a new system of telegraphy invented by Prof. Albert Crehore, of Dartmouth College. The Old-Time Printers’ Association of Chicago elected the following officers : Conrad Kahler, president ; J. D. Hines, vice-president ; William Mill, secretary. It is reported that Eugene Taylor, an operator on the Denver Times, has made a linotype record of 101,800 ems in eight hours. This report, however, is not verified. The governor of New York has just signed the law for¬ bidding the distribution of advertising matter in private mail boses. This measure was particularly urged by the New York Times. The State has established a printing office in the State Prison at Sing Sing, New York. There has been $2,700 expended on the plant, and about $25,000 to $30,000 State work per year is the expected result. The Congressional measure authorizing the issue and use of private postal cards failed to become a law in spite of the many newspaper announcements that it had passed. Printers will therefore take notice that private mailing cards are still subject to the letter rate of postage. Jackson Robertson, for many years manager of the Ram's Horn and Church Press, left Chicago May 15 to assume the management of the Texas State Printing Office, at Austin. “Jack” is well known as a “hustler” and printer of the first excellence, and has the best wishes of a host of friends for success in his new departure. Frederick E. Wolff, well known among pressmen through his connection with Franklin Pressfeeders’ Union, of Chicago, and The Tympan, the organ of the feeders, has accepted a position with Charles Eneu Johnson & Company, under their Chicago agent, A. H. McLaughlin, and will look after the interests of this well-known firm in Chicago and Wisconsin. At the regular monthly meeting, in April, the Adams, Cylinder and Web Press Union of New York, No. 51, elected the following gentlemen as delegates to represent that organization in the International Printing Pressmen’s Union at the convention to be held at Detroit, in June : Ben¬ jamin Thompson, John T. Moran, William J. Kelly, Joseph Nugent, Roland Connor and Joseph D. Boylan. The Fourth Estate is responsible for the statement that the world’s linotype record has been beaten by Lee Reilly, on the Leadville (Colo.) Herald-Democrat. He is reported to have set 105,300 ems of nonpareil in seven hours and ten minutes, with the linotype running at ninety-six revolutions a minute. Reilly is the compositor who made the early record of 83,700 ems on the New York Tribune. Charles Austin Bates has the following to say in the last number of Profitable Advertising, on the assertion advanced by another writer to the effect that advertising creates a demand: “Advertising does not create things. Advertising is history, it is news ; its whole mission is to tell about things that are already in existence, or that are shortly to come into existence. The more truthfully and plainly it tells us these things, the better advertising it will be. If it says conclusively that the thing advertised will adequately supply an existing demand, then the thing advertised will be a success. If it tells this story, and people find that they have been deceived, then the thing advertised will not be a success, because it does not sup¬ ply the demand that existed before the advertising was dreamed of.” A PROPOSAL has been made to Typographical Union No. 6 by a philanthropically inclined person in Potter County, Pennsylvania, to give it 5,000 acres of land and $10,000 pro¬ vided a similar amount is given by the union for the devel¬ opment of the land. A plan has been suggested ‘by James P. Connell, of the union, to divide the land into fifteen-acre lots, and to settle on these little farms as many as possible of the fifteen hundred unemployed and superannuated printers belonging to the union. A committee has been appointed to go to Pennsylvania to investigate and report. C. S. Partridge, who is contributing the series of arti¬ cles and editing the department on stereotyping and electro- typing in The Inland Printer, has been investigating the claims of the different inventors of electrotyping. His inquiries have evidently aroused considerable interest among Chicago electrotypers, especially the Engraver and Electrotyper and Mr. Zeese. Mr. Zeese, we understand, is a zealous disciple of Jacobi. The Electrotyper and En¬ graver, speaking of Mr. Partridge’s book, which, by the way, is to be prepared from his contributions to The Inland Printer, pa5’s him this well-merited compliment : “If Mr. Partridge writes so clearly and comprehensively on electrotyping as he has done on stereotyping, in his vol¬ ume on that subject, he will contribute a valuable and standard addition to our literature on electrotyping.” M. M. Baker, who recently distinguished himself by setting 85,872 ems of solid nonpareil in eight hours on a Mergenthaler linotype, in the office of the Post-Intelligencer, Seattle, Washington, is a native of Springfield, Ohio. He was born in that city April 1, 1870, and entered the printing trade in the office of the Farm and Fireside, in March, 1882, where he was employed for seven years. He went west in 1888 to Puget Sound, and has been employed on various Seattle publications. He has been a machine operator for four years. He has been financial secretary of Tacoma Typographical Union, and is held in much esteem by his fellow workmen. Mr. Baker’s accomplishment breaks the eight-hour record, the number of ems being 1,872 more than have hitherto been set in the same time. Although copy was manuscript, he never fell below a speed of 10,500 ems per hour during the entire time. One of the most successful pupils of Prof. Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone, and formerly a teacher of his sys¬ tem of lip language for the deaf, is Mr. James P. Burbank. After acquiring a faculty which is almost equivalent to that of hearing, Mr. Burbank had the Graham lip language made in type, and published a series of books which are sold in all civilized countries. This has been, however, more a labor of love than of profit. Mr. Burbank, who first learned the printing trade, in which he proved a veritable artist, after¬ wards took up process engraving, and has been connected with the engraving department of C. J. Peters & Sons, of Boston, for several years. He has now started the business of designing and engraving, under the name of the Burbank Engraving Company, 683 Washington street, Boston, Massa¬ chusetts. His many friends are certain that his work will meet the approval of his customers. He has issued a special and alluring offer which is in effect until July 1, 1897. I value The Inland Printer above all other periodi¬ cals that come to my desk. I look upon it as a model for beauty and elegance of printing. — B. B. Huntoon, Kentucky Institution for the Education of the Blind, Louisville, Ken¬ tucky. THE INLAND PRINTER. 329 NEWSPAPER GOSSIP. “ Kill the dead ad.” is the pithy advice of the Nebraska Editor, A BOOKLET with reproductions of its ads. is being issued by the Baltimore News for the benefit of its patrons. The mechanical department of the Commercial Review, • of Graham, Texas, knows how to set ads, in up-to-date style. The advertising columns of the Traders' Journal, of Huntington, Indiana, show good taste and skill in their make-up. The Western Fruit Grower, of St. Joseph, Missouri, is using half-tones successfully to illustrate its natural history and fruit subjects. The Owensboro (Ky.) Inquirer has absorbed the Press of that city and proposes to combine in the one paper all the advantages of both. The New York State Press Association will hold its annual meeting at the Thousand Islands, St. Lawrence river, on July 25 to 28. The Midland Farmer has been established at Moline, Illinois. It will aid the farmer with information of prac¬ tical and technical value. The Shenandoah (Iowa) Friday World has been adding extensively to its equipment, and will hereafter be printed from a new drum cylinder press. The Advertising Manufacturer has just been estab¬ lished in Chicago. This makes the fourth paper devoted to advertising started in Chicago. The Poughkeepsie (N. Y.) Wheelman, a sixteen-page magazine, devoted to cycling and good roads, is a new weekly journal, published by Robert and William Maar. The walls of the Press building at the Tennessee Cen¬ tennial Exposition are to be decorated with facsimile fronts, on stiff cardboard matrices, of all the American newspapers. The Seattle (Wash.) Trade Register is trying its hand at introducing half-tone color work into its columns. A recent experiment in two colors, green and black, was quite suc¬ cessful. The office of the Gazette, Yonkers, New York, ' was recently sold, under a foreclosure of mortgage, to P. T. Holder for $2,500. The Gazette was formerly owned by J. G. P. Holden. The Albany (N. Y.) Morning Express celebrated its fiftieth anniversary Tuesday, May 4. The issue contained an elaborate history of the paper, illustrated with pictures of its past editors. Up-To-Date Ideas is a bright little sheet that began with April and proposes to keep the Plains people posted on advertising and publicity matters. It is published at Grand Island, Nebraska. The Hudson (N. Y.) Gazette issued, about May 1, a beautiful edition of ten extra pages, with illustrations of prominent citizens and public and private buildings in and around that city. It was a very creditable undertaking. With its May issue the Northwestern Printer is merged into The Type Founder, heretofore published by Barnhart Bros. & Spindler. It is to be enlarged and more space will be given to trade news and general printing miscellany. The new sheet is edited at St. Paul by John S. Pinney. The publishers of two papers in the same town are to enjoy each other’s company in the United States Land Office at Grayling, Michigan. President McKinley appointed Jay Allen, of the News, receiver, and Oscar Palmer, of the Avalanche, register of the United States Land Office at that point. Gen. N. W. Day, who recently became owner of the Evening Star, published in Poughkeepsie, New York, has 3-6 placed Fred H. Adams, formerly owner of a paper at Fish- kill-on-Hudson, in charge, and who has the ability and experience necessary to a newspaper manager. It already shows an improvement. The Athletic Record, the Record Publishing Company, publishers, Poughkeepsie, New York, made its bow to the public the first week in April. It is issued semi-monthly from the office of A. V. Haight, which is a guarantee of good work. W. D. Haight and Charles Schou, Jr,, are the editors and managers. J. O. K. Robarts, editor of the Messenger, Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, writes that he has a copy of the London Gazette, England, No. 2612, dated March 2, 1684, and is curious to know if any person on the continent owns an older paper than his, printed in the English language. If so, he asks for correspondence direct. The Saunders County Jotirnal, of Ashland, Nebraska, has enlarged its paper to a seven-column quarto and now claims to have the largest country weekly in that part of the State. We note a double-column article on “ Advertis¬ ing Talk” by the editor, that in arrangement and ideas shows an intelligent grasp of modern methods of publicity. George L. Hutchin is publishing the Sunday Eye, at Bloomington, Illinois, running plate matter entirely. The stories are, as a rule, short, well illustrated and interesting. Its popularity is indicated by the large circulation already attained — 24,500, and the 50,000 mark is now the goal. No advertising whatever is carried in the paper. We note the successful use of many half-tone cuts. The Rockford Daily Register, issued on May 31, the day of the Chicago road race, a special edition devoted to the bicycle interests and bicyclists of Rockford. An alphabet¬ ical roster of all the riders in the city was one of the novel features, and a number of articles by experts on bicycling helped to fill the twenty pages of matter. Illustrations were profusely used and the enameled cover carried a hand¬ some and appropriate poster design. The Ellsworth anti-cartoon bill failed of passage in the New York Legislature. It passed the Senate and was amended in the Assembly the last week of the session. The bill was purposely amended by its opponents, as the adop¬ tion of the amendments left not sufficient time to warrant final passage, owing to the fact that the bill would again have to be passed by the Senate. It was a parliamentary and delicate way of killing a measure that caused much concern to publishers. S. J. Whitten, superintendent of the West Virginia Printing Company, Wheeling, West Virginia, sends to The Inland Printer a portion of the New York Post of Septem¬ ber 28, 1863, found behind a mirror accidentally broken by one of Mr. Whitten’s employes. The war news is reassur¬ ing as given in the fragment. A report from Philadelphia states that General Sickles was serenaded at the Commercial Hotel, and his brief but fiery and patriotic speech is given, concluding thus: “No man who knows our country, who can appreciate its grandeur, its beauty, its power ; no man who can comprehend how much we have done, and how much we have to do, can hesitate for a moment what should be done, for he must at last vindicate his own honor and his country’s.” [Great applause.] The annual meeting of the members of the Associated Press closed in Chicago on the week ending May 22. The officers and directors, including those reelected, are as fol¬ lows : Victor F. Lawson, of the Chicago Daily News and Record, is president ; Horace White, of the New York Even¬ ing Post, first vice-president ; Melville E. Stone, general manager, and Charles S. Diehl, assistant general manager. Handsome presents commemorative of the occasion were given at the grand banquet to President Lawson, General 330 THE INLAND PRINTER. Manager Melville E. Stone and Assistant Manager Col. Charles S. Diehl. The president received a silver service made by Tiffany and costing something over $3,500. Mel¬ ville E. Stone’s memento is a magnificent loving cup. Col¬ onel Diehl’s gift is a splendid gold watch. In addition to this, the directors were given silver medals appropriately stamped. THE SHORTER WORKDAY. A special committee on the shorter workday for book and job offices, appointed at the last convention of the Inter¬ national Typographical Union, met at Indianapolis on May 3, and organized by the election of James J. Murphy, of New York, as chairman, and C. E. Hawkes, of San Fran¬ cisco, as secretary. From the printed report of the doings of that committee, it appears that under the resolution authorizing them to act the committee has no power to force the payment of an assessment to carry forward the move¬ ment ; and as no demand for shorter hours could be made, in their judgment, without the assurance that a fund could be placed at the disposal of the local unions to be used in case of strike, it was therefore deemed wise, pending a proposition to call an assessment, to be levied on and col¬ lected from all alike, that an active and energetic agitation of the subject be made, and that a circular be sent to every union explaining the plan and enlisting the cooperation of everyone in the organization. It was also decided that efforts be put forth to enlist the assistance of the pressmen, as the shorter workday can be secured only by organized and concerted action, not only by members of the Interna¬ tional Typographical Union, but by organizations closely affiliated with it. The executive council of the Inter¬ national Typographical Union has authorized Mr. Murphy, as chairman of the committee, to attend the convention of the International Printing Pressmen’s Union, to be held in Detroit on June IS, to ask the cooperation of the pressmen in bringing about this shorter workday for book and job employes, and it is to be hoped that he will meet with the success at that convention he has been fortunate enough to experience in a number of other missions he has had to deal with. THE ST. LOUIS PHOTO - ENGRAVERS’ ASSO¬ CIATION. The second anniversary meeting of the St. Louis Engrav¬ ers’ Association was held in that city on May 17. Invita¬ tions were sent to all the engravers throughout the country to join in the meeting, and representatives from Chicago, Cincinnati, Boston, Kansas City, Indianapolis, Dayton, Ohio, and other cities were present. The suggestion was made that a National Engravers’ Association be formed, and as a preliminary step of this movement, a committee of twelve was appointed, representing twelve different sec¬ tions of the country, to take up the work and at a later date call a national convention. W. M. Tenney, of Boston, was elected chairman, and Mr. Bierce, of Dayton, Ohio, secre¬ tary. On May 17, at 10 a.m., a formal meeting was held at the Planters Hotel. At 12:30 dinner was served at the Mer¬ cantile Club, as guests of the Western Engravers’ Supply Company. In the afternoon a carriage ride was taken, and at 7:30 in the evening a banquet was given at the Planters. On Tuesday morning, the 18th, an excursion was made to Alton, Illinois, at which point a launch was chartered and a trip made to Clifton Terrace. Dinner was taken there at the Inn, as guests of the Hoyt Metal Company. The return was made to St. Louis in the evening. A very enjoyable time was had by all in attendance, and those present departed for their homes with the feeling that much good had been accomplished sp far as the organization was concerned. OBITUARY. J. C. Garrison, of the Chicago Legal News, has just died at the age of seventy-two. Cornelius R. Hanleiter, one of the old-time printers and the founder of the Atlanta Constitution, died in that city April 19. M. M. WooTAN, one of the oldest printers in New Orleans, Louisiana, died in that city, the first week in May, aged seventy-four. He was a native of Jefferson County, Mississippi, and went to New Orleans in 1839, learning his trade after his removal there. Col. Joseph C. Cuyler, of Albany, died, April 24, at the Hudson River State Hospital, Poughkeepsie, New York. He was a well-known newspaper man in that section, and his last position was that of editor on The State, published at Albany, but now suspended. He was seventy-one years of age, and up to January last in full vigor, when his mind began to fail. Joseph Thorne, the inventor of the Thorne typesetting and distributing machine, died at his home in Sing Sing, New York, May 4. He was born at Marlborough, Ulster County, New York, February 17, 1826. When very young Mr. Thorne showed a fondness for machinery. He served through the Mexican war, and later became an engineer. Mr. Thorne’s inventions were many. Among them were a typewriter, a sewing machine, and the typesetting machine. At Asheville, North Carolina, on May 19, in his thirty- eighth year, Julius Lewis Watson, president and principal owner of the Houston Post, Houston, Texas, and selling agent of the Mergenthaler Linotype Company. The inter¬ ment was in New Orleans. Mr. Watson was the possessor of great executive ability, which, coupled with business sagacity and untiring industry, brought him unusual suc¬ cess in the development of the Post, of which it may be said he was the virtual founder. His breadth of view and liber¬ ality and an unfailing consideration and courtesy won him many enduring friends. His wife and young son survive him. Death has again invaded the ranks of the Old-Time Printers’ Association of Chicago, this time in the person of Edwin S. Davis, an old and honored disciple of the printers’ craft. Mr. Davis’ death took place on Tuesday, May 3, after an illness which extended over the greater part of two years, the deceased being sixty-eight years of age at the time of his death. The funeral services were held at the family residence on the 6th instant. Bishop Samuel Fallows preaching an eloquent funeral sermon. The inter¬ ment took place at the printers’ burial lot in Rose Hill Cemetery, and was attended by many of the oldest and best- known printers of Chicago. John Anderson, Alderman Conrad Kahler, Nels Johnson and Samuel Pinta were the pallbearers. CHALK PLATE LITIGATION. Prom the Hird Manufacturing Company, World build¬ ing, Cleveland, Ohio, manufacturers of the Bell chalk plate. The Inland Printer has received a communication pro¬ testing against the claims of the Hoke Engraving Plate Company, of St. Louis, Missouri, as published in the March issue of this journal. The Hird Company inclose a copy of the decision of Judge Thayer, as reported in 47 Fed. Rep., page 506, which is too lengthy for reproduction here, but in which it is held that the Hoke Engraving Plate Company’s patent protects them in the use only of their particular bond, and that other persons or companies using means to obtain similar results do not infringe. All persons inter¬ ested who write to the Hird Company will receive a copy of the decision. THE INLAND PRINTER. 331 BCX)KS, BROCHURES AND PERIODICALS. In this department special attention will be paid to all publications dealing entirely or in part with the art of printing and the industries associated therewith. While space will be given for expressions of opinion on books or papers of general interest which may be submit¬ ted for that purpose, contributors will please remember that this col¬ umn is intended in the main for reviews of technical publications. The address of publisher, places on sale, and prices should be inclosed in all publications sent for review. The Scientific American has absorbed the New York paper, Progress of the World. The Art Student of New York is running a number of interesting articles on chalk-plate engraving. The Yellow Kid is a new fortnightly magazine of wit, fiction, and illustration, published by Howard, Ainsley & Co., 238 William street. New York City. The April number of Our Companion, the monthly paper published by and for the children of the Cincinnati House of Refuge, is neatly printed and contains as a special supple¬ ment a page of portraits of the McKinley family. The Fourth Estate prints in its issue of May 1, a con¬ densed history of the journalistic world, from a lecture on that subject by Robert Ellis Thompson, delivered at the Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia. It is an excellent r4sum4. The three-color process is used effectively for advertising in recent numbers of The Starchroom. The editors of this progressive trade paper show good taste in the arrange¬ ment of their matter and illustrations. The May issue was a newsy, attractive number. The Hermitage is a weekly paper that makes its advent in Nashville, Tennessee, with the opening of the Exposition. It naturally devotes considerable space to that great enter¬ prise, and takes up the cudgel in behalf of Sunday opening. It has a literary, dramatic and several other interesting departments. An Illustrated Monthly Magazine of FINE APPLIED ART Edited by Charges Holme TuHisbed by John Lane The Bodicy Head, at 140 Fifth New York Price 35 cents Yearly Subscription $3.50 post paid Cover Design by Wir,i, H. Bradley. “Some Illustrators of the Day” is the title of an article in the April Current Literature, containing an appre¬ ciative review of the work of Mr. Charles Dana Gibson, who gave the virile and graceful illustration to Richard Harding Davis’ “Soldiers of Fortune,” and of Mr. Howard Pyle, who so wonderfully harmonized picture with story in Dr. S. Weir Mitchell’s Century article. Portraits of these two able illustrators are given in the same number. “First Steps in Photography” is the title of a little book that will be eagerly welcomed by amateur photogra¬ phers, giving, as it does, step by step, information of just Wf INTERNATIONAL STVDIO An Illustrated Monthly Maga zine of FINE ^APPLIED Afcr "Edited Charles Holme Published by>]OYiN Lane TheBodlev^Head at id-o Fi/ih edve NewYork^ Trice cents '^^arJy^iSub- scription post paid** Cover Design by Will H. Bradley. the nature that the tyro in photography wants. The author, Mr. F. Dundas Todd, editor of the Photo-Beacon, Tribune building, Chicago, has the gift of giving instruction plainly and simply. The book retails at 25 cents. Ellis & Van Vechten are printing, at Wausau, Wiscon¬ sin, a new booklet-sized periodical entitled The Philosopher, which is devoted to literary, social, and more recondite sub¬ jects. We learn from the title-page that it is “Thoughtful, But Not Too Thoughtful.” It is one of the new examples of old style. Hand-made paper with deckle edges and fifteenth century type is used, and illustrations in line. The American Publishers’ Corporation, New York, has issued a sequel to “ The Adventures of An Old Maid,” which had so successful a sale. The author. Belle C. Greene, gives in “Mr. and Mrs. Hannibal Hawkins” a continuation of the piquant humor that made the former publication so largely appreciated. The book contains 219 pages, and is freely illustrated. Paper, 25 cents ; cloth, 75 cents. A. O. Kittredge, who became co-editor of The Lawyer and Credit Man, in December last, has relinquished his connection with that journal, and for the future will devote himself to the editorial direction of Accountics, a monthly magazine published under the auspices of the Institute of Accounts, and devoted to accounting topics. The publica¬ tion office is in the Wool Exchange, New York City. The publishers of the International have decided to raise the price of their monthly magazine from 10 to 25 cents per number. It has been issued at the 10-cent rate for almost a year by way of introduction, but the management now believes that the magazine has won its way sufficiently into the public regard as a purveyor of translations of high-class foreign literature to warrant this raise in price. The International occupies a very important part of the 332 THE INLAND PRINTER, literary field, and is incorporating into readable English an entertaining and valuable series of articles by the best foreign writers. These are well served up and amply illus¬ trated. “Life Histories of American Insects,” by Clarence Moores Weed, D.S.C., Professor of Zoology and Ento¬ mology, New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanical Arts, is announced for early publication by the Macmillan Company. In this book the author has brought together a series of sketches of the life histories of a considerable number of the most interesting American insects. The Syracuse Remarques certainly blazes a new path in the local newspaper field. It is the society journal of Syra¬ cuse, combining many of the features of Life, with the attractively dressed locals of the small daily. It is issued semi-monthly, in octavo form, and with illuminated cover. The arrangement of the portraits and humorous illustra¬ tions shows an original and artistic ability. This kind of a journal ought to reach a wide and interested constituency. Modern Machinery is the title of a new monthly which is already making a name for itself. The April number, which is the fourth issue, contains many well-written arti¬ cles, both popular and technical in character. The illus¬ trated description of the plant of the Illinois Steel Com¬ pany gives a very clear idea of this titanic establishment at South Chicago. The other matter is calculated to attract and hold the attention of engineers and machinists particu¬ larly, but is entertaining in many ways to the general reader. The “History of Paints, Pigments and Colors” illus¬ trates a style of advertising that ought to pay, because it is a little brochure that is well worth preserving in any library for the valuable information it contains on the sub¬ ject. The Heath & Milligan Manufacturing Company, Chi¬ cago, knew what they were about when they employed John McGovern, the well-known newspaper man and author, to compile this interesting little work. The facts, which are largely historical, are arranged by countries and illustrated with reproductions of ancient painters and their appli¬ ances. Mr. McGovern has evidently gone deep into the literature of the subject to be able to present such an array of lore. The advertising features are reduced to a mini¬ mum, but it is an advertisement that will be kept and used by every recipient. The general interest in the struggle of Cuba for inde¬ pendence must receive a substantial impulse from Mr. Richard Harding Davis’ collection of papers entitled “ Cuba in War Times,” just published by Mr. R. H. Russell, 33 Rose street. New York. The author states that the book is made up of letters originally written from Cuba and pub¬ lished in the newspapers. The chapter headings are : “ Cuba in War Times,” “ The Fate of the Pacificos,” “ The Death of Rodriguez,” “Along the Trocha,” “The Question of Atrocities,” “ The Right of Search of American Vessels.” Mr. Davis points out that the prolonged butchery and devas¬ tation in Cuba is due solely to the cupidity of the Spanish officials in Cuba. He pays a just tribute to the Spanish soldiery, and to the Spanish people who are being robbed and prejudiced in the eyes of the world by the scoundrelism of their representative in Cuba. The story is told with a palpable reservation which gives strength to every asser¬ tion. The illustrations by Remington, taken in the field, and from photographs by Mr. Davis, are numerous, and printed on heavy plated paper. The cover, in dark-brown paper boards, has a slip cover of the same color of paper and design, both printed in red and black. The text, in old style type, is printed on rough deckle-edge paper. No one can fail to be stirred by the story of Cuba as here set down. and the effects of this book should be far-reaching in stimu¬ lating the American people to action for the sake of their honor and of humanity. “Examples of Collotype and Photogravure” is the title of a portfolio of plates issued by the publishing house of F. Bruckmann, of Munich, Germany. The cover is a very attractive specimen of art work. It is printed in brown and dark green. It bears a collotype picture of a fantastically dressed female figure scattering posters and prints, which she pulls out of a gigantic portfolio, held half open at her side. This is a highly original design and is executed with vigor. The subjects of the loose plates within the cover are well chosen, and the examples of work by photogravure excellent. The collotypes are pronounced good by American printers, but not superior. There are several specimens of three-color collotype printing, and the pictures of a kitten by this process, in various poses, is remarkably pretty and is interesting. We learn that the use of colors in collotype printing is now undergoing numerous experiments on both sides of the water, and that the progress thus far made has been achieved at a very great expenditure of money. This is a subject, however, that is receiving more and more attention from collotypers who do not intend to be outdone by the half-tone photo¬ engravers. The Bruckmann Company is entitled to great credit both for the unique idea of its portfolio advertise¬ ment and for the superior workmanship exhibited by the specimens. “Tobacco in Song and Story” is a pretty book com¬ piled by John Baird, Jr., and published by Arthur Gray & Co., 98 Maiden Lane, New York. It is a pleasant acquisition to the literature of the soothing weed, and in its one hundred and twenty-six pages are evidences of wide research through all literature. We venture to reproduce one of the selections by John Stanley Gregson : “VIRGINIA tobacco. “ Two maiden dames of sixty-two Tog'ether long- had dwelt; Neither, alas! of love so true The bitter pang had felt. “ But age comes on, they say, apace. To warn us of our death. And wrinkles mar the fairest face — At last it stops our breath. “ One of these dames, tormented sore With that curst pang, toothache. Was at a loss for such a bore What remedy to take. “ ‘ I’ve heard,’ thought she, ‘this ill to cure, A pipe is good, they say; , Well, then, tobacco I’ll endure. And smoke the pain away.’ “ The pipe was lit, the tooth soon well. And she retired to rest. When then the other ancient belle Her spinster maid addressed: “ ‘ Let me request a favor, pray ’ — ‘ I’ll do it if I can ’ — ‘ Oh 1 well, then, love, smoke every day, 2 on smell so like a man .' ’’ Bound in thin boards, covered with crushed green chamois fiber, giving an appearance of tobacco leaf, and with cover stamp in gold, with a tobacco leaf design, the book is quite attractive. The book-mark is a cigar ribbon, and there are other details giving color to the character of the compila¬ tion. HE LIKES '‘THE COLOR PRINTER.” I received “The Color Printer ” all right. It is a daisy, and I am more than pleased with it. To a pressman or printer who desires to keep abreast of the times it is invalu¬ able. — George S. Simons, West Sixth avenue, Emporia, Kansas. THE INLAND PRINTER. 333 REVIEW OF SPECIMENS RECEIVED. The purpose of this department is to candidly and briefly criticise specimens of printing submitted hereto. The large number of speci¬ mens submitted makes it necessary that all comments shall be brief, and no discourtesy is intended in the seeming bluntness of adverse criticisms. Contributors who fear adverse criticism must give notice that they desire only favorable mention, and should their specimens From T. L,. Turner, Martin, Tennessee : Samples of commercial v am position fair, presswork could be improved. Clark E. Beckwith, Ithaca, Michigan : Letter-head, bill-head eat samples of commercial display work for one who has had so ivork ; From Hayes Brothers, printers, Philadelphia, a colored cover design for a booklet. Brilliant in coloring and well printed. The design and drawing is of the stiff, commercial order, and not attractive from merit of itself. Here it is in one color. C. Jos. Doherty, Niagara Falls, New York, knows how to display type to good advantage. The samples submitted by him are of high grade, both in composition and presswork. Willey & Harman, 133 East Fifty-sixth street, Chicago, submit an artistic business card in black and red. While and Bine, a high-school journal, is a creditable piece of typog¬ raphy and presswork. Challinor, Dunker & Co. send a few samples of commercial work, blotters, booklets, etc., the composition on which is neat, and presswork, especially the two and three color printings, very artistic. “Ask Lewis About It,” the catchword of the Advertisers’ Agency, Penn Mutual building, Phil¬ adelphia, is given added publicity by means of a posterette, brilliantly col¬ ored and well printed, recently issued. The Hill Printing Company, Eustis, Florida, send us some sam¬ ples of letter, note and bill heads, envelopes, etc., set in up-to-date styles in some of the newest faces of type. The presswork is of good quality. From C. A. Perley, Franklinville, New York ; Samples of general work. The Chandler Bros.’ note-head is neat ; the Sunday-school certificate is well designed, and the Clean Music School booklet is an artistic production. From The Sander.ses, 144 Maiden Lane, New York ; Several samples of general printing, the composition on which is of a high degree of merit. The presswork is generally good, but in a few instances could be improved upon. Will C. Cantrell, foreman of the Atlanta Lithographing & Printing Company, Atlanta, Georgia, sends some samples of his work. The composi¬ tion shows strength and beauty in display, and the presswork is of fair average quality. H. C. Gray & Co., Port Elizabeth, Cape Colony, South Africa, send some exceedingly fine samples of printing, both in colors and black. The designs are artistic, composition well displayed and nicely balanced, and presswork of good quality. John W. Little & Co., Pawtucket, Rhode Island, send a package of twelve monthly calendar blotters, ranging from June, 1896, to May, 1897. Each is of different design, and all are well and artistically displayed. The presswork is good, and colors used brilliant and clean. A PACKAGE of general work reaches us from the Woodrulf-Dunlap Printing Company, Lincoln, Nebraska, the composition on which is well displayed in original designs. The presswork is good, and color schemes well and artistically planned. All the work has a nicely finished appear- JoHN H. Matthews, with the American Baptist Publication Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, submits two booklets and a leaflet as samples of his work. The design and composition are admirable, and selection of colors and presswork artistic. All are specimens of the highest grade of typo- Stonecypher, Howard street, Omaha, Nebraska, is an original genius. He calls himself the “ Printer — and poet — Laureate to their exalted mighti¬ nesses the business men of Omaha.” His poetic effusions would frost a minstrel show, but his printing is good enough to redeem his bad qualities. The calendar attached to his card reaches from May, 1897, to April, 1898, and the half-tone illustration of Balanced Rock is a good piece of presswork in three colors. He has an up-to-date method about him that should bring him plenty of business typographically, even if the poetic department should wilt and fade away. To Hibbard Patterson, with the Sioux Palls Jouriial, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, we are indebted for some specimens of typography that defy description. As it is against our rules to criticise or reproduce specimens without the consent of those responsible for them, we must keep our sorrow over these examples to ourselves. Adam Craig, for many years known as one of Chicago’s job printers, and also an advertisement writer of ability, is now engaged on the staff of Hide and Leather, and is imparting his ideas in the advertising and mechan¬ ical get-up of that journal. We are in receipt of several samples of his work evidencing good taste and judgment. John E. Fanning, an upholsterer in Norwich, Connecticut, sends his business card with a request for criticism. The rule of this paper is to criti¬ cise the work of the producer — the one who created it. We may say, how¬ ever, that the card in question is unusual, being more of the character of a book-plate in design. It is a fair piece of work. From the Dorsey Printing Company, stationers, Dallas, Texas, come several specimens of printing of a very meritorious character. A folder showing the exhibits of the company at the Texas State Fair and Dallas Exposition, 1894, 189S, 1896, is deserving of special mention. The companj' was awarded the first premium at this exposition. R. D. La Mont, Geneva, Alabama, sends a few samples of book and commercial work with the statement that “ it is done in a county without a railroad and thirty miles from the nearest railroad station, . . . and with a $525 outfit.” The work is well done, composition being good and presswork fair. The lessons you have learned from The Inland Printer have been ■well learned, and you need not be ashamed of your productions. From Percy Lund, Humphries & Co., Limited, Bradford and London, England, a large package of photographic stationery, comprising negative bags, photograph mounts and envelopes, etc., printed and embossed in the latest styles. Their price list is a good example of typography, both in com¬ position and presswork. The large line of novelties manufactured by this firm is evidence of the artistic quality of their productions. The advertising of the Boston Glohe is characterized by a belief in cir¬ cularizing. In this form of publicity it is indefatigable, and the clever crea¬ tions sent out to advertisers must surely have a good influence, as the Globe shows no signs of changing its policy in this respect. We reproduce the Globe's latest effort in the circular line. The H. H. Jacobus Company, designers and photo-engravers, 2 West Broadway, New York, have favored us with a few of their productions. The drawings, both pen-and-ink and wash, show the boldness and delicacy of touch of the true artist. The head of a St. Bernard dog, printed in black and tint, is a beautiful piece of work, the drawing being so fine as to ai>pear to be imbued with life. All the samples are of the highest grade of printing. A FEW samples of advertisement stationery gotten out by Wing «fe Staub, Detroit, Michigan, for the Zenner-Raymond Disinfectant Company, of Detroit, give evidence that artists in typography and presswork are 334 THE INLAND PRINTER. employed by that firm. Booklets, cards, envelopes, circulars, etc., are all printed and finished in the best of up-to-date methods, the designs being original and effective. The work reflects credit upon both the printers and the company issuing such high-class advertising. A SPECIMEN letter-head from Liberty, Texas, has been forwarded as an example of the work turned out in competition with “ houses that employ skilled and organized labor.” The outfit of the amateur printer who perpe¬ trated the job appears to have been a hell-box, a piece of blanket and a mal¬ let and planer. If the merchant printer could not have secured this style of work, he would have secured a rubber stamp — so there is no competition in the end. Edw. J. Newcomb, with the firm of Blair & Boatwright, Danville, Virginia, sends a poster accompanied by a letter, from which the following extract is given : “ I notice that you open a poster department, commencing with June issue, and as I had printed a poster last month which I had received several compliments on, I hasten to send you one for review.” By referring to the poster department in this issue conducted by Percival Pol¬ lard, Mr. Newcomb will see that he is mistaken as to the kind of poster intended to be reviewed therein. The sample submitted is a good one of its kind, and shows that Mr. Newcomb is capable of making an effective and In the line of souvenir books, “The Vanishing Fair,” printed by the Thomas Knapp Printing and Binding Company, Chicago, and illustrated by W. and C. Ottmann, is an attractive specimen. The poem by H. H. Van Meter is accompanied verse by verse by appropriate views of the burning Fair and of the other memorable events of Chicago’s historical years, 1893- 94, which the poem commemorates. The views are well selected and the ornamentation artistic. The book is bound in cloth and bears an illuminated cover. The edges are gilded. Altogether it makes a very pretty gift book. “ Glimpses of Bookmaking ” is another of the Knapp Company’s produc¬ tions that is neatly gotten up. It is oblong in shape and is a printer’s album of views of the workrooms of this company. Cliff Hunn, the genial, gentlemanly and gracious representative of the Buffalo Printing Ink Works, has had a photographer take a full-length picture of himself in the attitude of striking a customer for an order for ink, except that he usually keeps his hands out of his pockets and removes his hat when attempting this. This picture he has had half -toned (and by the way it is a good one, neatly hand-tooled) and printed on a 9 by 11 card, with tinted background. Below is the inscription in his own handwriting : “ How about using Buffalo Inks? Yours truly. Cliff Hunn.” It is a good ad., and will be appreciated by Cliff’s customers. Everyone declares the likeness perfect, even to the creases in the pants. We suppose it was printed with “ Buffalo Black,” but the card does not say so. Recent specimens from the Photo-Colortype Company, 87-91 Plymouth Place, Chicago, indicate that this firm has made great strides in the three- color process work, and the specimens submitted are certainly wonderful in many respects. It seems possible to make faithful reproductions from almost any colored objects, oil paintings, water-color sketches, lithographs, carpets, oilcloths, curtains, plush robes, fancy marble or onyx, dresses, horse blankets, clocks, or any figures that are needed to illustrate cata¬ logues requiring color to give them effectiveness. Among the samples submitted is a catalogue of L. C. Chase & Co., makers of plush robes. Not only are the designs perfect imitations of the originals, but the coloring is extremely natural. Another of their catalogues is that of the Konnark wheel, the illustrations in this being by the three-color process, showing the wheels exactly as they appear, with the different enamelings and stripings. The samples of the onyx specimen, the pointer dog, and lamp globes, are especially attractive and true to life, and show better than any of the others what remarkable effects can be produced with three-color prints. The frontispiece in our May number was the work of this firm, and will give an idea of one of the many pictures capable of being reproduced by this process. We hope to show other examples later on. One of the latest productions of this firm is a souvenir of the Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition at Nashville, Tennessee. The illustrations of the buildings and grounds are reproductions in imitation of water color, printed on fine-grained paper in delicate colors, making a veritable work of art worth preserving for future reference. That the industrial arts in many cases merge into the fine arts is signally instanced in the superb catalogue of the American Radiator Com¬ pany, Chicago. Everything combined to make this possible. The subject matter lent itself easily to artistic arrangement, the audience, consisting for the most part of architects, was appreciative, and the publishers demanded superior work. The printers — The Henry O. Shepard Company — have spared no pains to produce a specimen of the typographical art that would be a distinct credit to the craft. The illustrations, type matter, paper and binding stand for the best workmanship. The half-tone and steel engravings are of remarkably fine finish, and illustrate as no other processes could the extensive plant of this company, and the many graceful forms of radiators it manufactures. As to the other details., we can do no better than quote from a very full and well-written review that recently appeared in Domestic under the heading, “A Work of Art”: “Each of its two hundred pages, from its handsome title-page to the closing index, is a study in effective arrangement, composition and press- work. Size of the pages is 9% by 12% inches. From the very simplicity, clearness and dignity of its full type pages, uniform but varied, with their wide-margined, highly calendered and specially made paper, the volume will long retain its freshness and interest as the embodiment of fine catalogue¬ making. The binding of the catalogue is strikingly new in treatment, and is a work of art in itself. The covers are of a golden shade of tufted linen, thickly padded, giving the volume a tone of richness. The backbone is of a yellow shade of leather, matching the linen of the covers, and in the manner of forming the hinge is displayed a specially skillful piece of workmanship. The front cover bears directly above the middle center the single title-word ‘ Radiators,’ stamped in gold leaf, and on the reverse cover appears the company’s monogrgm. The top edge of the book is gilded. The whole effect is that of a richly bound gift book rather than that of a commercial cata¬ logue.” The leading commercial houses are coming to recognize that the better the printed literature the3' issue the greater will be the credit to themselves and the more favorable the comment excited among the parties ^ CALENDAR BLOTTERS. An increasing number of these monthly visitors attest the value of the blotter as an advertising medium. During the past month we have received the following, deserving of special mention : Hicks, Opera House Block, Berlin, Wisconsin : Neatly designed and artistic specimen of printing. Wright, “Electric” printer, Buffalo, New York : Attractive design, with package of flower seeds attached and a little story commencing “ Now is the seed time,” and winding up with the state¬ ment that the golden harvest may be secured by depositing orders for print¬ ing with Wright. Pierson, printer, Flint, Michigan, has a three-color half¬ tone pansy printed on his blotter, which is attractively designed and very well printed. Pointer Printing Works, Miamiville, Ohio, issue a plain but attractive blotter, the reading matter on which is straight to the point. John T. Palmer, Race street, Philadelphia, has always issued very artistic blotters, and his May blotter is no exception to the rule, being a delicate piece of typography. Charles Collier, Shreve, Ohio, has sent out a neat blot¬ ter in two colors, well displayed and finely printed. Wild & Stevens, printers’ roller manufacturers. Congress street, Boston, Massachusetts, have issued a blotter on which lilies of the valley cover the background, printed in green on white stock, giving a pleasing effect. The Fremont (Neb.) Tribune is not behind in the race, but has an attractively printed two-color blotter to contribute to the pile. “ There are Others one of which is that sent out by Chase Brothers, of Haverhill, Massachusetts, with the quoted words dis¬ played in bold relief , besides other reading matter of interest to their patrons. “ If you pay more than we charge, you pay too much,” is the most prominent feature on a blotter issued by the Merchants’ Printing Company, Seattle, Washington ; the composition and presswork are both first-class. H. C. Porter, Ancram, New York, makes a bold display on a blotter, and a few samples of general work accompanying it are of a good class of composition and presswork. TRADE NOTES. The Chicago Electrotype and Stereotype Company is now in the Lakeside Press building, in Plymouth place. The Williamson-Half ner Engraving Company, of Den¬ ver, Colorado, suffered a considerable loss by fire recently. The J. W. O'Bannon Company have removed their book¬ binders’ supply business from 72 to 74 Duane street, New York City. W. L. Wells, artist and illustrator, has removed from the Boyce building to the Rand-McNally building, 160 Adams street, Chicago. J. M. Huber, manufacturer of inks and colors, has removed his office from 239 Front street to 275 Water street, New York City. The j. W. Butler Paper Company, Chicago, have in¬ creased their office space, the city and country departments having been placed in separate rooms. Kraft & Stern, publishers of the National Odd Fellow, and general printers, Washington street, Buffalo, have dis¬ solved partnership. J. C. V. Kraft continues the business. A COMPANY has been formed in New Jersey for making paper from cornstalks. Packing for armor plate and a cattle food, as well as paper pulp, is to be made from the stalks by this company. After being located for a period of thirty-six years at 54 and 56 Duane street. New York City, Messrs. H. Griffin & Sons, dealers in bookbinders’ supplies, have removed to more commodious quarters at 75 and 77 Duane street. The builders of the Cox type-perfecting newspaper and book presses seem to depend more upon statements made by the users of the presses to advertise their machinery than upon statements made by themselves. The catalogue recently issued by them gives opinions of a great many THE INLAND PRINTER. 335 publishers who have their machines in constant use. The catalogue fully describes their improved newspaper press which delivers 5,000 perfected papers per hour of either four, six, seven, or eight pages. Elgin, Illinois, boasts of having in her midst an inventor of a new printing press. Mr. Frank Tuttle, of that city, has built and designed from his own patents a two-color web press that is found to be just the thing for show-bill printing. F. L. Montague & Co. moved. May 1, to 30 Reade street. New York, where they have secured a large showroom for their increased line of machinery. Their list contains almost everything in way of machinery used by printers and bookbinders. Corbitt & Burnham, railway printers, Chicago, announce their removal to 76-82 Sherman street, telephone 270 Harrison, by a unique blotter bearing the portraits of John Sherman, Secretary of. State, and Carter H. Harrison, Mayor of Chicago. The “ Five Salesmen with but a Single Order ” cut that appeared on page 549 of the February issue of The Inland Printer, is being effectively used in current advertising. Mr. P. I. Jonson, the New York manufacturer, makes it tell a bright “ad.” story in Printer's Ink. New machines are being added to the Munsey Magazine plant for cutting leaves at their edges while being folded. This is to obviate cutting with trimming machines, which often cut so close or unevenly as to leave irregular margins and make the magazine unfit for binding. W. D. Messinger, the Chicago paper merchant, has the sympathy of his many friends in the loss by death of his son, Ralph D. Messinger. He was a young man of promise, a student at Amherst College, from which he would have graduated this year to enter into partnership with his father. The old Pittsfield (Mass.) Journal Publishing Company has been reorganized and is now under the management of an able trio — Mr. Ward Lewis, who was one of the owners of the old company ; Mr. George T. Denny, a practical job printer of wide experience, and Mr. F. M. Miller, who is to look after the advertising and business affairs. E. H. WiMPFHEiMER, of the well-known ink house of Jaenecke Brothers & Fr. Schneeman, New York City, has sailed for Europe, where he will remain until July, for health and recreation. On his return he will make an extended trip through the West, calling upon his numerous friends, who are always glad to see him. The bill to prohibit inmates of the New York State penal institutions from doing printing for other than their own public institutions, failed of passage. The New York printers will now use “moral suasion” with the State Prison Commission not to go into the printing business on an extensive scale, but to confine the output to the prisons. The Benton-Waldo branch of the American Type Poun¬ ders’ Company, heretofore located at 89 Huron street, Mil¬ waukee, has been removed to 376 Milwaukee street. The branch will not carry type or printers’ material in stock, but simply operate the electrotyping plant. Orders formerly sent to Milwaukee should be addressed to the Company at 141 Monroe street, Chicago, or to the Minneapolis House, 24 First street. South. The Omaha branch was discontinued in April, and the stock transferred to the Chicago and Kansas City branches. The Thomas Manufacturing Company, of Chicago, will begin to operate a large manufacturing and printing plant in North Chicago about June 1. The company was the suc¬ cessful bidder on United States meat inspection tags, the contract calling for 100,000,000 tags in the next four years. The company also has the contract for paraffining all the paper which the Government uses for postage stamps. The works in North Chicago will give steady employment to five hundred hands. Hitherto this work has been done at Wil¬ mington, Delaware. Vercamp, Porter & Co. have just installed a battery of Mergenthaler linotypes at 296 and 298 Dearborn street, Chi¬ cago, to do high-grade book and magazine work. They have the very latest models, equipped with adjustable molds, modern faces, etc., and announce that perfect work will be turned out at short notice. Mr. G. H. Vercamp has been the foreman of a large linotype office and is a job printer of known ability and taste. Mr. A. S. Porter has been for about two years selling linotypes in Chicago and the West, and the firm have already secured a good line of business. The Albany (N. Y.) Journal says that in a short time the plant of the Rock City Falls Paper Company will be opened for the purpose of an experimental test in making a paper that entirely resists the action of water. This is made by a secret process known only to its inventor, a man named Newman. The paper has already been made, but it is a question whether it can be manufactured at a cheap enough price and in sufficient quantities for the market. The paper is fiberless, and it cannot be injured by water. It can be washed like cloth, and yet will retain marks made upon it with ink. After being wet, it dries off like a piece of rubber. The paper can be made of any desired thickness. Its con¬ tact with water only seems to toughen it. The paper will be a valuable thing for legal and other purposes. At the banquet held by the publishers, booksellers and stationers the latter part of April at the Athletic Association building, Chicago, speeches were made by P. F. Pettibone, Opie Read, and George Ade (author of “ Stories of the Streets and Town,” in the Chicago Record). William F. Zimmerman, of A. C. McClurg & Co., delivered an able address on “ The Bookseller and His Duty to the Public.” The evening was enjoyably spent. A permanent organiza¬ tion was formed for the purpose of bettering the conditions of trade and promoting acquaintance, and the official name is to be the “Booksellers’, Publishers’ and Stationers’ Association of Chicago.” The officers elected were: P. F. Pettibone, president ; Andrew McNally, first vice-presi¬ dent; Fred B. Smith, second vice-president; G. W. Ford, secretary; O. D. Erwin, treasurer. Executive Committee — R. K. Smith, G. W. Cone, B. E. Pike, Robert Foresman and T. S. Denison. BUSINESS NOTICES. This department is designed exclusively for business announcements of advertisers and for descriptions of articles, machinery and products recently introduced for the use of printers and the printing trades. Statements published herein do not necessarily voice the opinion of The superiority of Tarcolin as a cleaner of rollers, type and cuts is becoming generally recognized. The manufac¬ turers, the Delete Chemical Company, 126 William street. New York, speak in a very convincing way in another column of its various points of excellence and of the economy of using it. Insurance companies are also recom¬ mending it in their own interest. THERE IS A GREAT DIFFERENCE In lever paper cutters. Everything depends upon correct principles applied to the leverage. If the leverage is poor, the cutting is hard ; sometimes the down cut is easy enough, but it requires far too much man-power to get the lever back — that’s the commonest fault. The cut and return of the knife is the easiest on the Peerless Gem Paper Cutters, 336 THE INLAND PRINTER. because the makers have hit the principle of leverage just right. “ Give me a fulcrum, and with a lever I’ll move the earth.” Well, they get a fulcrum which aids the paper cut¬ ter. In other respects — strength, depth and thickness of knife, gauges, etc. — these cutters are ahead of any other line now made. The sizes are : 23, 25, 30 and 32 inch. The net selling prices are as low as asked for inferior cutters, because more of the Peerless Gem Cutters are made than of any other kind, and consequently the cost of making is minimized. These cutters are for sale at all branches of the American Type Founders’ Company. Send for hand¬ some two-color descriptive circular. GALLEYS FOR NEWSPAPERS. The all-brass riveted galley introduced as a substitute for the old-style wood-rim galley by Golding & Co. is something that every newspaper office should be on familiar terms with. It is light, convenient to handle, and very strong. Made in all regular sizes. Write to Golding & Co., Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Chicago, for prices and dis¬ counts. Special terms will be made on quantity orders. A CARLOAD OF HERCULES ENGINES. The accompanying carload of “ Hercules ” 2>^ horse¬ power special gas and gasoline engines, built especially for printers, for the American Type Founders’ Company, Chi¬ cago, are the best, most economical and practically noiseless engines known to the trade. Printers and others needing a clean, safe, economical power will do well to investigate the “Hercules.” The Hercules Gas Engine Works also build engines from 2 to 200 horse-power for hoisting, pumping and all stationary and marine purposes. RULED HEADINGS FOR PRINTERS. The sample book of ruled headings just issued by the Whiting Paper Company, Chicago, successfully solves the problem of how to arrange sample sheets of varying sizes in a convenient manner for reference. There are altogether about seventy-five varieties of heading papers exhibited in about half as many different shapes, carefully classified and separately labeled. For the printer it will prove an exceed¬ ingly useful little compendium of letter and statement head papers. A NEW AUTOMATIC CLAMP CUTTER. The Oswego Machine Works, Oswego, New York, always progressive, have scored a distinct advance in the art of cut¬ ting paper in their new automatic clamp cutter which is illustrated on another page. The method of clamping is sim¬ plicity itself, and is protected by patents issued January 12, 1897. An ingenious device for instantly varying the clamp¬ ing pressure for different classes of work is one of the inter¬ esting points about this machine. The work is all clamped before cut, consequently the pile cannot draw, pressure is released instantly after cut, and clamp rises free. Less power is therefore required to operate machine. The knife is operated by the reliable Brown & Carver crank motion. and never cuts below into stick, nor falls short. The results from machines in operation have more than fulfilled the expectations of the makers. Among users of the automatic clamp Brown & Carver cutters are The Platner & Porter Paper Manufacturing Company, Unionville, Connecticut ; Hallowell & West, Philadelphia ; George McKibben, New York ; Buswell Company, San Francisco ; Christian Broth¬ ers, Montreal ; M. R. O. Laughlin Company, New York. THE SEYBOLD MACHINE COMPANY Among well-known concerns who have purchased large Seybold cutters during the past month are : Philip Hano, New York City ; New York Blank Book Company, New York City; J. C. Parker, Louisville, Ky.; News Publishing Company, Wheeling, W. Va.; Springfield Publishing Com¬ pany, Springfield, Mass.; The Werner Company, Akron, Ohio ; Gospel Trumpet Publishing Company, Grand Junc¬ tion, Mich.; J. S. Wesby & Sons, Worcester, Mass.; Garden City Stationery Company, Elkhart, Ind. (2) ; William H. Gandey, Lambertville, N. J.; J. C. Winship Company, Chi¬ cago, Ill.; The Morning News, Savannah, Ga.; Sullivan & Mahan, Indianapolis, Ind.; Carthage Tissue Paper Mills, Carthage, N. Y. (2) ; Newspaperdom, New York City ; Con¬ solidated Paper Company, Cleveland, Ohio; Agawam Paper Company, Mittineague, Mass.; Nekoosa Paper Company, Nekoosa, Wis.; W. L. Bell & Co., Kansas City, Mo.; J. W. Sefton Manufacturing Company, Anderson, Ind.; Champion Coated Paper Company, Hamilton, Ohio, a third machine. They also report large sales in their other lines of machin¬ ery and a good European trade. One of their latest 44-inch “ Monarch ” Paper Cutters will be run in Machinery Hall at Nashville by the Foster & Webb Company. AN ENCOMIUM FROM AUBURN, N, Y. “ As there is not a better made,, stiller running or longer lived press on the market, these points need no notice. Let me emphasize this one feature and I must close. Its distri¬ bution is simply perfect. I can lay any amount of color in light or heavy lines on any surface and get results I had supposed impossible. The Gaily Universal is far, far ahead in this respect of any quarto press built. In all other respects I believe it the equal of the best.” James W. Burroughs. Auburn, N. Y., May 13, 1897. [The Gaily Universal press is for sale at all branches of the American Type Founders’ Company. See addresses in Directory, page 363.] A TEN-YEAR-OLD BOY TURNS IT. Country printers are always interested in whatever will save time, lighten labor and increase their income. Here is an unsolicited letter that will answer a good many inqui¬ ries : “ Gentlemen, — The Ideal Press has just arrived, and is a decided success. I put a ten-year-old boy on a stool to turn the crank this morning, and a girl who never did such a thing before put on and took off the papers. We did the work in an hour and a half, and I am satisfied that in a few weeks an hour will suffice. It generally took us three hours and a half with the Washington press, and it was almighty hard work. Respectfully, “James L. Loring, Dallas Center, Iowa.” MONOGRAM STATIONERY. We call attention to the special offer of William Freund & Sons advertised by them this month. The price they are making for embossing with any commercial or other design the two and five quire boxes of papers is phenomenally low. This house has a high reputation for the excellence and 1 THE INLAND PRINTER. 337 elegance of its work, and whatever it may turn out is sure to be above rather than below the standard. We learn that with a force of over thirty-five, their engraving and printing department still has to work overtime to keep up with the orders in artistic engraving and embossing. Mr. Freund informs us that he recently received a request for samples from Johannesburg, South Africa. Good goods and a good advertising medium like The Inland Printer awaken interest wherever they go. ST. LOUIS ORDERS A CARLOAD ALSO. The American Type Founders’ Company, of St. Louis, Missouri, have decided that the “ Hercules ” horse¬ power Special is the best engine built for printers and others needing a safe and economical power. They have just received a carload of these 2>4 horse-power “Hercules” Special engines, and are ready to quote special prices and terms to the trade. We would advise all printers needing power, or those using steam or other power, to investigate the “ Hercules ” Special. It is clean, safe, sure and reli¬ able ; the latest, the best, most economical and cheapest engine on the market. It is fully guaranteed. “Hercules” engines are also built in all styles and sizes, from 2 to 200 horse-power, and are sold all over the United States, Mex¬ ico, Central America, China, Japan, Australia and New Zealand for stationary and marine purposes. A MODERN CYCLE PLANT. In the olden time it took a big horse to capture the walled town of Troy. The tables are turned now. The wheel has vanquished the horse and is fast transforming all modern life. It was with something of the feeling that we were to look inside of a modern Trojan horse that we walked into the factory of the Gladiator Cycle Company, Chicago, the other day, and we are happy to state that the management placed every facility at command for a careful study of the internal organs and anatomy of the works. Mr. Fred Stam- baugh, their genial representative, kindly put his services at our disposal and acted as escort and guide. “Here is the tool room,” said he. “It is the Alpha in the series of processes we are about to see. It is probably the most important room in the whole establishment, for it contains the tools and patterns used in making all our wheels. Those few workmen there are our highest paid employes and are now evolving the new ideas and plans that will be incorporated into our 1898 wheel.” It was a surprise to us to learn that the 1898 wheel had already been put on the stays, when the season of 1897 is now at its height. This is one illustration of how far the passion for perfection will be carried, but it would seem as though the Gladiator bicycle must before long reach the acme of excel¬ lence as a finished mechanism. The remainder of the basement was filled with compli¬ cated and massive lathes and machines, ranged in serried ranks and each obedient to the slightest impulse of the attendant skilled machinists. Here S40,000 in machinery is turning out the bits of steel that give the elastic and powerful frame of the bicycle. Some of the machines swal¬ low a long round bar of crucible spring steel, take a bite here and there, and after thorough mastication under a steady stream of oil, spit out a shiny threaded nut, a cone cup, or some other essential part. Another takes a solid piece of drop forging and bores out its vitals in three or four directions, turning out a completed hub, in which are fitted the Mannesmann seamless tubing that forms the frame. Some of the machines are automatic and do their work with¬ out inspection or attention, and, as if endowed with a brain of their own, know just when they have done enough trim¬ ming in one direction or another, and just when to sever the finished piece from the crude bar. The brazing and filing departments on the second floor are quite as interesting. The diamond frame is a creation of the brazing room. Here, under the hottest kind of a Bun¬ sen flame, the tubing is welded into the joints of the hubs and corner pieces so that after “passing the ordeal by fire it comes out as one solid piece,” “ warranted not to crack at the joints.” The unpainted frame now goes into the hands of the filer, who holds it firmly against his rapidly revolv¬ ing emery wheel, which, throwing off a beautiful train of sparks, burnishes and brightens the black steel. Now it is put in the vat of chemicals and a layer of shiny copper is deposited over its surface. It is now held under a wheel of softer material, usually walrus hide, and is scoured and prepared for the nickeling coat which is deposited in another tub. The final “buffing,” as it is called, is given under a wheel covered with Spanish felt. We were interested to note that the cups and hubs were trimmed after the parts had been brazed to the frames. This, of course, gives greater trueness to each individual wheel, especially in its running parts. It is unusual in cycle manufacture, as customarily the parts are trimmed separately before being added to the frame and conse¬ quently they cannot be fitted with the same precision. The finishing touches are all given on the top floor. As careful attention to the painting and enameling is given to a Gladiator bicycle as to the finely finished sides of a new buggy. Three separate coats of paint and varnish are given it, and a thorough baking and rubbing with pumice between each coat. Only in this way does it gain that luster that makes it such a handsome wheel. Finally our guide leads us into the assembling room, where all the pieces, little and big, are gathered from this part of the factory or that. For our benefit he begins to enumerate the thousand or more parts that go to make up the complete bicycle. Beginning with the bars and stand¬ ard he boxes the compass with a rapidity that exhibits the bewildering complexity of pieces and at the same time his own intimate acquaintance with the business. When all the parts have been organized into a completed whole and take on the semblance of the living wheel, it has yet to pass the muster of the final inspector who tries each portion under his special tests, and rejects anything that may inter¬ fere with the reputation of the wheel for soundness and perfectness. We walk through the shipping rooms and examine the crated wheels about to start on their journey to many diverse lands and people. We are told the average output of the house is 135 a day during the busy season, although on occasions a carload of 300 wheels represented a “ scorch.” The tour impressed us with the great order and the remarkable ingenuity required to successfully establish and maintain such a plant as this. Only far-sighted man¬ agement, which invests liberally in good tools and in expert workmen, can hope to compete in the great bicycle market, and eternal vigilance in introducing new improvements such as have made the Gladiator cycle a prime favorite with those who are on the lookout for good points in their steed is evidently the price that must be paid for success. 338 THE INLAND PRINTER. GEORGE E. SANBORN. No name is more familiar to the printers and bookbinders of this country, and of many foreig-n countries, than that of Sanborn. For more than forty years it has been before the trade as attached to machinery of the highest quality of manufacture, as well as that most peculiarly adapted to the require¬ ments of the users. To the per¬ sistent and untiring efforts of the late George H. Sanborn, the founder of the firm of George H. Sanborn & Sons, is largely due the extended reputation gained by the Sanborn machinery. This reputation has since been further maintained by George E. Sanborn and H. L. Sanborn, the sons of George H. Sanborn. In January last occurred the death of H. L. Sanborn, leaving George E. the only survivor of this well- known firm. More than twenty-five years ago the Standard Machinery Company,, of Mystic, Connecticut, began to build machinery for the Sanborns and there is no plant in the country better adapted to work of this class. The excel¬ lence of the machines built by this company is attested by thousands of the members of the printing and kindred lines of business. Mr. George E. Sanborn, whose picture appears at the head of this article, has been, since the early part of 1879, the representative of his firm in the West. He is a gentleman of unquestioned ability and in whose most extended acquaintance are to be numbered friends almost without limit. The old contract of his firm with the Standard Machinery Company having lately been mutually and agreeably terminated, he advantageously disposed of the interest of the firm to the company and accepted the position of sole western agent for them, with location in Chicago. (Location to be announced.) This company are already enhancing the value of their plant by the introduction of the very latest improved tools and by the most advanced methods of manufacture. Among the new machines now under construction, and for which orders are being received, is the “Mystic” self-clamping paper-cutting machine, and the “Niagara” paper-feeding machine. A full and complete line of the celebrated San¬ born machines will continue to be built and carried in stock. The sole eastern agent for the company is Mr. Prank L. Montague, of the late firm of Montague & Fuller, located at 30 Reade street. New York. A stock of machines, and parts for same, will be on hand at all times at the two agencies. Besides representing the Standard Machinery Company, Mr. Sanborn will also act as the sole western agent for F. L. Montague & Co., New York.; This firm are manufacturers and extensive dealers in the “specialty” line, which has always proved of profit to both buyer and seller. Among the machines offered by this firm are the Elliott stitching and tying machine, wire stitchers and wire, paper-folding machine, blank book folding and counting machine, paging and numbering machine, bundling machine, ruling machine, etc. Mr. Sanborn is to be congratulated upon having allied himself with two such progressive concerns and we predict success of the first order. These are days of combination of capital and concentration of effort, and it is the act of wisdom to read the times aright. MONEY IN IMITATING TYPE-WRITTEN LETTERS, The most complete selection of typewriter faces is made by the American Type Founders’ Company, which has issued a pamphlet showing all its makes, including type to match Remington, Smith Premier, Yost, Caligraph, Hammond, Earle and other machines. Send to nearest branch for WANT ADVERTISEMENTS. “ PUBLISHING FOR PROFIT” has illustrated plans and pOR SALE — Johns HELP WANTED. \A/ ANTED — A man familiar with the chemistry am applied dInCE BkoS. ^ SITUATIONS WANTED. QARTOONIST" desires^ position ; good ' |OB PROOFREADER — 15 years’ practical experience in every CITUATION WANTED — By cylinder pressman, familiar CTRICTLY SOBER, reliable, i O compositor of 4^ years’ experience v RANTED — By s_ SDIATE SALE — A good outfit for a country THE INLAND PRINTER. 339 BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES. COR SALE — Cheap, monthly dairy and farm journal. 111- * health, cause. “ S 19,” Inland Pointer. _ COR SALE — In prosperous Denver, Colorado, at a great * sacrifice, on account of ill-health, complete book and job office; cylinder and platen presses; music type, modern job faces. All in first-class condi¬ tion. Established custom. “ S 10," Inland Printer. F°£ SALE — Job printing outfit in splendid condition Equipped for six-column folio paper. Inventories, $1,300. For pa-^' WILLIAM G. WISEMAN, Thompsonville, Conn. COR SALE — One of the best weekly papers i ^ west. Official paper of the county. This business will bear in vestiga pOR 5 DARE OPPORTUNITY for thorough printer with $5,000 t ' capital, to take inside management of largeoffice handling finest grade of work; 12 presses and SO people — doing a large business and making money. Highest reference required and given. The right man is more essential than the money, and no use to apply unless capable of handling highest class of work. Thorough investigation courted, and good reasons given for the change contemplated. “ S 22,” Inland Printer. WANTED TO PURCHASE. \A/ ANTED — Colt’s Armory or Gaily Universal presses. VV lock box 19, Wyalusing, Pa. MISCELLANEOUS. A CHEAP PERFORATOR— Will perforate or score while rA printing. Does not ink sheet nor cut rollers. Easily attached. $10 for ten parts. Send for circular and testimonials. H. G. BISHOP, Oneonta, N. Y. ALBERT HALLETT PROCESS for perfectly imitating Tx typewriter letters — embraces basic principle of typewTiter, therefore other methods are spurious. Fully protected by valid U. S. patents. Exclu¬ sive perpetual rights granted. ALBERT HALLETT, Boston, Mass. A LL-COPIED EFFECT assimilated typewriter letters are ■fA produced by the Adamson process. Exclusive city rights backed by all the patents. On the lease or royalty plan. Send for circulars and samples of the work. ADAMSON TYPEWRITER PRESS CO., Muncie, Ind. ANYBODY CAN MAKE CUTS with my simple transfer- ring and etching process. Nice cuts, from prints, drawings or photos, are easily and quickly made by the unskiUful, on common sheet zinc. Cost very trifling. Price of process $1. Nothing held back to pull more money from vou. All material costs, at any drug store, about 75 cents. It is no d of unsolicited testimonial letters; intelh'gent boys fake. I hai make good c mbossing pi ight ii iple and m, Ind. .0 infringement. Anti-i 1 inch. THE HIRD pHALK PLATES RECOATED, cent an inch. Write ^ for circular. BYRON POPE & CO., Cleveland, Ohio. EMBOSSING DIES and Burbank’s Embossing Composi- L tion. Send for samples and price list. BURBANK ENGRAVING pAGE STICK — For “making up’’ pages of books, maga- F zines, pamphlets, briefs, etc. It can be set to any number of ems, and when set will not slip. One stick can be used for any size page. It is what the “ make-up ” man has been looking for. After trying it you will always use it. Price, nickeled. No. 1 (SO ems long), $1.50; No. 2 (75 ems long), $2. A. G. ALRICH, Lawrence, Kan. pOTTER JOB STEREOTYPING OUTFIT — Practical, I easy to operate, process entirely new, type always cold, designed for large job offices. It does the work and is a money maker. Book free. B. F. CURTIS, general selling agent, 134 Leonard street. New York. CTEREOTYPE OUTFITS for both Papier-machd and Simplex methods. The latter produces plates as sharp and smooth as electros, requires no pasting of tissue and no beating with the brush; cast¬ ing box 6% by 12 inches; outfit for both methods, $15. Also, White-on- Black and Granotype Engraving Processes ; plates cast like stereotypes from drawings made on cardboard. The easiest of all engraving processes; $5 for both, including material. Book explaining all of above sent on receipt of $1. Circulars and samples for stamps. HENRY KAHRS, 240 East Thirty-third street. New York. Prouty Electro-Gasoline Engine. WO Engines tor Printers at ONE-HALF THE OLD PRICES tor 60 days. JAPANESE PRINTING AND COPYING PAPERS, JAPANESE PAPER NAPKINS. CHINESE PRINTING AND COLORED PAPERS, Gold, Red, Etc. Samples on application. LIONEL MOSES, importer, 25-27 South William Street, New York. CHARLES L. STURTEVANT, ATTORNEY AT LAW. Offices: ATLANTIC BLDG. Washington, D. C. Gasoline Engines The Most Reliable and Cheapest for Printers. No Engineer; no nttentlon required. Catalogue free. THE VAN DUZEN GASOLINE ENGINE CO., Cincinnati, Ohio. 7HargeMlhJStratin^^nd|cate^olumbus^^ THE BACKUS qaIol^ne ENGINES. _ displaced an ’ Otto Engine ; The ■ibune Publishing Co., Pekin, Ill., 6 horse- iver; Gazette Publishing Co., Port Jervis, Y., 10 horse -power; Canton Register, Canton, Ill., 6 horse-power; Utica Sunday Tribune Co., Utica, N. Y., 12 horse-power; B. F. Vogel, Greenshurg, Pa., 10 horse-power; Thomas Printing Co., Mechanicsburg, Pa., 6 horse-power, and many others. ^ ^I^^Send for Catalogue. NOTICE. — No Catalogues mailed unless you CHICAGO WATER MOTOR AND FAN CO., 175=177 Lake Street, CHICAGO, ILL. ST. LOUIS Photo-£mgraying® (OR. 4TH & PINE STS. 5J LO U IS. A? THATPLEASE! prices. lllustKAting Syndicate, ’ - Oolunmbeis.Ohio, Wo KdDeininsi miuatrattng, Degtgntng, lEngravtng anh lElectcotBptnfl. Send 25 cents for 160-page Catalogue of Stock Engravings. This amount will be credited on your first order amounting to $1.00 or over. ?22 Courtlandt Ave., NEW YORK CITY. LOCK BOX 2374. 340 THE INLAND PRINTER. JUST A LITTLE COURAGE! You remember tlie tramp who beard the dog growl aud then saw that he was wagging his tail. Yet he didn’t dare to go ahead; he said he didn’t know which end to believe. Scores of printers are in this dilemma now. They hear the dull growl of the hard times dying away in the distance, and then they read this statement from us : The way to make money today is to invest in a Cottrell Flat Bed Perfecting Press. No more pressroom space needed, but double your present product in one-third the time and at one-fourth the cost. They hesitate! It’s an absolutely sure thing, but — if only they didn’t hear that dis¬ tant thunder ! Now, let us say a word. There are half a dozen ways to miss an opportunity ; there is only one way to secure it. That way is to seize it ! The price you must pay for this oppor¬ tunity is a little courage. Have you ever stopped to think what makes one merchant successful and another unsuccessful ? Nearly every mistake may be traced to fear. Two-thirds of the business successes of printers are founded on a little effort and — COURAGE 1 C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. 41 Park Row, NEW YORK. 297 Dearborn Street, Chicago. THE INLAND PRINTER. 341 WE give especial atten¬ tion to the production of illustrations — me¬ chanical, decorative and pic¬ torial, for bicycle literature. We invite correspondence from makers of wheels. Vour attention i$ called^ to our facilities for the production of fine illustrations for books, catalogues, brochures and advertisements. Capable artists, expert workmen, complete equipments and experienced management insure a high standard of artistic and mechanical excellence, and a prompt¬ ness of execution which is unique. The Illinois Ehqraving Co. ’PHONE, HARRISON 499. 3S0 DEARBORN STREET, GMIGAGO. 342 THE INLAND PRINTER. The Duplex Press Prints four, six, seven or eight page papers from flat forms, at the rate of S,000 per hour. In Use Everywhere! The only successful Type-Printing Newspaper Perfecting Press in the World! WARNING: All persons are hereby warned not to purchase, except from us or our authorized agents, any flat=bed web^perfecting press having one of its type beds located in a plane above that of the other, or web feeding and delivering mechanisms similar to those used in the Cox Duplex Press, or which contains any of the numerous other devices protected by the many Cox and other patents owned by us, as no infringement upon our patents by makers or users will be permitted. Write us for Catalogue, just issued, which will show you what a multitude of the USERS are saying. Duplex Printing Press Company, BATTLE CREEK, MICHIQAN. THE. INLAND PRINTER. 343 Tine Book mork *TS the pride of every well-regulated printing office. This and cheap composition are worth careful consideration. Actual experience demonstrates that the Linotype has no rival for this class of work, and is also as easily adapted for newspaper work. Remember, the only machine is CI)o Cinoiypo. 344 THE INLAND PRINTER, £:io$e ^mention to Business coupled with 6ood mork always bas its reward. No doubt the young- mechanic in this picture got his, so have I, although mine has been different. A little over a year ago we started on a small scale doing nothing but good work ; success has followed, and have just doubled our facilities to keep up with the orders. If you are not on our list, should be pleased to give you figures on l)4lf-tone, mood Engraving, Zinc Etching and Color mork. ANTON WILD, 14 and Id ELLICOTT ST., - - BUFFALO, N. Y. Who use the “ACME” Self-Clamping Cutter? Munsey Magazine Co. (2) Cosmopolitan Magazine Co, (2) Harper’s Magazine Co. McClure’s Magazine Co. Youths’ Companion Co. (5) The H. O, Shepard Co. D. C. Cook Publishing Co. The Werner Co. Boston Mailing Co. and 1,000 others, printers, bookbinders, box makers, corset manufacturers, paper mills, etc. Why ? Because they save labor and money, and give perfect satis¬ faction. Send for catalogue and references to The Child Acme Cutter and Press Co. 33=35=37 Kemble St., Roxbury, BOSTON, MASS., U. S. A. E. C. FULLER & CO., Agents, Specimen of Queen City Special” Bronze Blue Quick - drying ■pine - working cbc Queen Cit>> printing Main Office and Mortis Cincinnati, Ohio Chicago Branch 347 Dearborn 8t. Che ^uc«n ^ printing Ink Gsmpany Chicago Branch 347 Dearborn 8t. Main Office and factor)? Cincinnati THE INLAND PRINTER. 345 BRANCH omots: NewYork. Chicago & Cincinnati. 346 THE INLAND PRINTER. Give away your old Lead Cutter AND PURCHASE THE MODERN, UP-TO-DATE AND RELIABLE CHANDLER & PRICE LEAD* RILE CUntR o4 Radical improvement over all others on the market, The bed is set on an angle, so that leads, slugs or brass rule settle by gravity, thus insuring a true and accurate cut even by a careless operator. The guide is accurately graduated to twelve points and numbered opposite every fifth slot in its length. The gauge is made reversible, for cutting leads longer than the bed, is fitted with a latch to engage the slots in the guide and is clamped by a thumbscrew. In cut¬ ting odd lengths the latch is raised up and the gauge set accordingly. Do You Cut Paper? If so, buy no Cutter but THE BEST ! THE CHANDLER & PRICE PAPER CITTER Is built from new and original designs according to the best practice of modern machine builders. No pains are spared in its construction to insure accuracy in every detail. It has ample metal, properly distributed to withstand the greatest strain to which it need be subjected. It is not complicated by the use of gears or springs. The knife-bar is controlled by a link motion and perfectly counterbalanced. The cutter has the interlocking back gauge and clamp, and will clamp as narrow as one-half inch. The back gauge extends to within one inch of the side gauge, and is divided and adjustable for squaring small work. The fingers on the clamp are made with a wide surface to avoid creasing stock. All gauges are perfectly squared with the knife. The screws for the clamp and gauge are made very coarse and quick-acting. With the special tools and care employed in building these cutters all parts are strictly interchangeable, and, as each part is numbered, replacements can be made by ordering from the dealers or the Chandler & Price Co. by number, and the services of a machinist will not be required. by the CHANDLER & PRICE COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio. FOR SALE BY DEALERS ONLY. ORDER OF YOUR TYPE FOUNDRY OR SUPPLY HOUSE. by the Chandler & Price Company. THE INLAND PRINTER. 347 SPECIAL^ PRINTING^ MACHINERY. Meisel's new Rotary Perfecting Press, for fine Half-tone print¬ ing* at 3,000 to 5,000 per hour; one color on each side, or from one to' five colors on one side, and one or two on reverse side. ROTARY WRAPPING PAPER PRESS This outfit prints and delivers rewound and slit into rolls of any width, or into sheets, from rolls any width up to 48 inches. The Double Quarto and Quarto are bui on the same principle ; also Double Quart and Quarto printing on both sides. A tachments fitted to either for slitting, pe: forating, numbering, bronzing, etc. . BED AND PLATEN SEL^ FEEDING PRESS, No. 3 Prints a form any size up to 13x27 inches; takes paper any width up to 19 t sheets by eighths inches, and is adjustable by eighths of s lony; can be buht . . , , s to cut sheets up to 30 mches long, ividing fountain several colors can PRINTING, CUTTING AND SCORING Designed especially for Folding Paper Box Makers ; will do the work automatically of four ordi¬ nary presses now in general use ; built in several sizes. PONY CYLINDER PRESS Simplest machine on the market, combin¬ ing all the latest improved features, with fewest parts. Will do finest grade of print- ing, and ordinary work, at capacity of be feeder. Always ready for any kind of a job. ROLL SLITTING AND REWINDING MACHINE slitting and rewinding all grades of : material, into rolls of varying width r, from the thinnest tissue to Different kinds of machines rial and class of work. SPECIAL ROTARY PRESS Prints both sides of web and rewinds. Size, 30x30. Any size built to order. Attachment to cut printed web into sheets of fixed sizes may be added. IMPROVED ROUTING MACHINE Handiest combination machine for routing flat and curved elec¬ tro and stereotype plates. Built to fit any diameter of printing press cylinder If you are looking for Printing Machinery for some specialty , write to us, THE KIDDER PRESS MANUFACTURING CO., 26-34 Norfolk Ave., BOSTON, MASS. THE INLAND PRINTER. 349 Plain Facts About Presses. The best job press for the majority of printiriQ offices is the Chandler & Price Gordon. More of them have been sold than of any other press, and every one pives satisfaction. They are sold at prices very close to cost. No press is more durable. No press requires fewer repairs. 4 IN a great many printing offices work of ex¬ ceptionally high grade is done. For such offices the best press is the Gaily Universal. It gives the most perfect ink distribution and register, and is the most powerful. In all re¬ spects it meets the requirements of the most exacting. For the three-color process it is indispensable. Gaily Universal. TO THE # BUYER: According to your needs, select one of these presses, and you will get the very best money^s worth procurable. Inferior presses will cost you as much — in some cases more. We sell more printing presses than any other concern because we satisfy buyers. Send for Descriptive Circulars, Net Prices and Terms to the nearest Branch of the American Type Founders* Co. NEW YORK, Rose and Duane Sts. BOSTON, 150 Congress St. PHILADELPHIA, 606-614 Sansom St. BALTIMORE, Frederick and Water Sts. BUFFALO, 83 Ellicott St. I CHICAGO,' 139-141 Monroe St. ST. LOUIS, Fourth and Elm Sts. CINCINNATI, 13-17 Longworth St. CLEVELAND, St. Clair and Ontario Sts. I PITTSBURG, 323 Third Ave. SAN FRANCISCO, 405 Sansome St. MINNEAPOLIS, 24-26 First St., South. KANSAS CITY, 533 Delaware St. DENVER, 1616 Blake St. PORTLAND, Second and Stark Sts. THE BEST OF EVERYTHINO FOR THE PRINTER. 3-8 350 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE LEADING Printing Ink KAST Sc EMINGER Makers of all kinds of Lithographic, Printing and Fine Half-^tone Inks, Printing Inks for Bookbinders, Colors for Lithographers and Printers, Transparent Lithographic Inks, Tin Printing Inks, Lichtdruck Inks, Plate Printers’ Colors, Oils, Varnishes, etc., and Importers of Bronze Powders. THREE-COLOR PROCESS INKS A SPECIALTY. LITHOGRAPHERS’ SUPPLIES. -•b CHAS. HELLMUTH, Agent. Office and Factory: § 46-48 East Houston Street, 5 NEW YORK. 600<><><>00-(>C><>0<><><><>0<>0<^^ 15 Gold Stmt, ^^ew pad in damp weather, nor adhere _ _ 1 copying books. More elastic and stronger than other brands. Colors are fast and brilliant— red, green, blue and yellow. ilacino" : _ „ _ _ _ „ iding. Can be used cold, saving the gas and trouble of dissolving. No sr ” [For use on folding and mailing machines. Ready for use. Guaranteed to Ir-" - Does not harden in the keg. Guaranteed to keep st n hot weather and to preserv PRESSMAN’S FRIEND ing at the mouth of the bottle. For heaviest bookbinding. DEALERS’ CORRESPONDENCE ESPECIALLY SOLICITED. The EMMERICH (GUARANTEED output of 2000 sheets or more per hour. Capacity of large sizes limited only by speed of the printing press. emmericb ^ Uonderlebr, 191 dtid 193 lUorth $t. ft9W VorR »»»»»»»»» steam Fixtures, $t2. Ink Fountain, $12. Boxed and delivered in New York City free. Easiest running ; simple in construction ; the equal of any other job press ; every one warranted ; for fine as weU as for heavy work ; two weeks’ trial allowed. Send for circular. New Cbampioti ^css Co. Machinists and Manufacturers and Dealei JOB PRINTING PRESSES, No. 41 Centre Street, New York, Eowest Prices Best Ulork Special Machines for Photographic Mounts and Cards, Embossing Machines, etc. THE INLAND PRINTER. 351 ANTHONY’S Patent Line Screen Holder. No Kits. No Trouble. Holds any size of Plate and Screen. Distance between plate and screen adjustable. Send for Descrip¬ tive List. RICHARDS’ CROSS=LINE SCREENS. Keith Paper Company TURNER’S FALLS, MASS. KEITH LEDGER PAPERS S,' rewrite without difficulty, and have been given the preference by good judges in competitive tests with all other leading brands of Ledger papers. NEW MODEL JOBBING FOLDER. Made by BROWN FOLDING MACHINE CO., Erie, Pa< 352 THE INLAND PRINTER. Coi^UJMBIAN OrTIMUS REPRESENTS THE HIGHEST TYPE OE FINE PRINTING PRESSES. THE NEW BED MOVEMENT of tie Columbian Optiinus is Superior to all others. A BACK-UR MOTION is a vital point in a Printing Press — the Optimus has it. Our Guaranty : The Einest Delivery, the Easiest Two-Revolution of its size, and a Thoroughly Eirst-class Eress in every way. Babcock Printing Press Mfg. Co. O. Jt. COEEORD, manager. New York Office, Tribune Huilding. NEW LONDON, CONN. BARNHART BROS. & SPINDLER, t GENERAL WESTERN AGENTS, ^ 183 io 187 Monroe St, CHICAGO, ILL. | For sale by Minnesota Type Foundry Co., St. Paul, Minn. t Great Western Type Foundry, Kansas City, Mo. f St. Louis Printers Supply Co^ St. Louis, Mo, ❖ Great Western Type Foundry, Omaha, Neb. ❖ OPPIMUS Pwo~Revolution, DISPA.PCH Single Revolution, SPA.NDA.RD Brum Cylinder, RBGUPA.R, COUNTRY AND OTHER CYLINDER PRESSES. Specia/ifg since 1855. MACHINERY FOR THE WHOLE PAPER INDUSTRY. Over 800 Hands. : YEARLY PRODUCTION: 3,700 MACHINES- -V B . . 50 19J 425 21 5 550 27 10 150 7 10 100 5 0 80 4 0 ABa. 55 21.5 485 24 5 010 3010 ICO 8 0 105 5 5 80 4 0 AC. . 60 2:Ji 575 2815 700 35 0 175 8 15 110 5 10 85 4 5 A Ca . 65 25i 650 32 10 775 3 8 15 185 9 5 115 5 15 85 4 5 AD. . 71 28' 740 37 0 865 43 5 200 10 0 120 6 0 90 4 10 A Da. 76 30 825 41 5 9.50 47 10 220 11 0 125 6 5 90 4 10 AE . 83 32.1 950 47 10 1,075 53 15 240 12 0 125 6 5 95 4 15 AEa. 91 351 1,050 5210 1,175 5815 250 12 10 130 6 10 95 4 15 AF.. 95 371 1,150 57 10 1,275 63 15 260 13 0 135 6 15 100 5 0 A Fa. 100 391 1,250 6210 1,375 6815 280 14 0 140 7 0 100 5 0 A(J.. 108 42 1,400 70 0 1,525 76 5 315 15 15 145 7 5 105 5 5 A Ga . 113 444 1,50 0 75 0 1,625 81 5 325 16 5 150 7 10 105 5 5 A 11 . 120 Al-\ 1,600 80 0 1,725 86 5 340 17 0 155 7 15 110 5 10 Alla. 140 .55 1,950 97 10 2,075 103 5 365 IS 5 160 8 0 115 5 15 AI .. 160 63 2,275 113 15 2,400 120 0 390 19 0 160 8 0 120 6 0 A Z . . 210 821 — _ 4,900 246 0 500 25 0 200 10 0 — — Prices are understood for delivery at my works — Leijiaig — and include 2 knives of best quality, 2 cutting stick.s, spanner and oil can. Packing eases extra. For quotation — delivery free domicile — please apply direct to my sole agents ■ Messrs. KAMPE & CO., 76 High Holborn,' LONDON W.C. Jtarl J(rause, Xeip^ig Engineer. I70WEK |r ^ from Q/I5 OR 1 m q/isoline. Can be Used Everywhere ! The Ohio Gas Engine OF TODAY, IS THE RESULT OF OVER TWENTY-FIVE YEARS’ EXPERIENCE IN THIS FIELD. NO BOEDER, NO STEAM, NO COAL, NO ASHES, NO GAUGES, NO ENGINEER, NO DANGER. Oven 4S,000 in IJ^e I sizes: 1 TO 260 Horse-power. THE OTTO GAS ENGINE WORKS, (INCORPORATED) Cor. 33d and Walnut 5ta., No. 245 Lake Street, PHILADELPHIA. CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 353 SHIP YOUR COPY THUS: i -"‘--'•'I jT' j' i ^ AND YOU'LL BE SURE OF Good Plates, Designing and Engraving BY ALL METHODS. Dalf^Cone, Zinc-Cine lUork. Dree=€olor Process. ..SEND FOR SPECIMENS AND ESTIMATES. A FULL LINE of Interesting Art Subjects suited for Calendars, Frontisplates, etc., etc., held in stock. Send for Specimens. 354 THE INLAND PRINTER. Send for Supplements To “ No. 9” Cover Sample Book, showing the late additions to line of Covers. The book is not complete without the Supplements, We have sent out a larg-e number. If we have missed you, advise us at once. B. S. ROOKS, Receiver of ILLINOIS PAPER CO,, 18 1 Monroe St, Chicago. Book, Cover, Document, Manila Papers, etc. GEORGE D. FORREST, Secretary. Make and Sell Every Kind of st^Papcr... USED BY PUBLISHERS AND PRINTERS. Send for Our New Catalogue. CHICAGO PAPER COMPANY, 120 & 122 FRANKLIN ST. CHICAGO. HEADQUARTERS FOR ■ ■ LOFT.DRIED FLAT WRITINGS, EMBOSSED BOARDS, FANCY PAPERS, RULED HEADINGS, ENVELOPES, WEDDING STOCK, Etc. lanufactured by oar < mplete line of Flab mall orders solicited. Temporary Binders for The Inland Printer. We can now supply binders for The Inland Printer in¬ tended to hold the maga month to month as the bers are received, covers are substantially of cloth, under the patents of the Na¬ tional Binder Com¬ pany, of Boston, with steel strips to hold six numbers, the front cover be¬ ing neatly stamped with the name of the magazine. Just the thing for preserving your num¬ bers until ready for binding at the end of the volume. Price, postpaid to any address in the United States or Canada, $1.00. -^eOYERS^ Plain Smooth Laid Antique Laid '‘Ulster” Linen, Smooth and Rough “Ashmere” Linen, Smooth and Rough “Unique,” Smooth and Rough “White Star” “Princess,” Smooth and Rough “Abbotsford” Oeckle-Edge “Shandon” Deckle-Edge “Noiseless” Deckle-Edge “Fort Dearborn,” Enameled “Whitefriars,” Double Enameled “Armory” Einen, Double Enameled “Yellowstone” Manila, Enameled Embossed “Ulster” Linen Embossed “Unique” Embossed “Princess” Embossed “Fort Dearborn” Embossed “Yellowstone” Colored S. & S. C. Book Colored Coated Book "Rialto” Coated Book Document Manila James White & Company, ( COBPOBATION ) PAPER DEALERS, Telephone, Express 672. 177 Monroe St., CHICAGO. PAPER FOR PRINTERS, PUBLISHERS, ADVERTISERS AND LARGE CONSUMERS DIRECT FROM THE MANUFACTURERS. YHEBER WELLS Successor to Yanderburgh, Wells & Co. 157=159 William St., NEW YORK, Printers' materials “Strong Slat” Cases. ‘ • STRONG SLAT ’ ’ is not a f ; means that the slats are practically indesi ble. No better cases made. Catalogues sent to recognized printers lUHnESTPOffiiNiorpni A Full and Concise Explanation of all the Technical Points in the Printing Trade, for the Use of the Printer and his Patrons. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Punctuation. The Comma, Semicolon, Colon, Period, Note of Interro¬ gation, Exclamation Mark, Hyphen, Marks of Parenthesis, Dash, Apos¬ trophe— Capitalization— Style : The Use and Non-use of Figures, Abbre¬ viations, Italicizing, Quotations — Marked Proof — Corrected Proof — Proof¬ reader’s Marks — Make-up of a Book — Imposition and Sizes of Books — s of the Untrimmed Leaf — Type Standard — Number of words ii ’ ’ " - -.g of Type — Explanr*^’ - . — UsedinPTne Bookbinding — Relative Values of Bindings — Directions for Securing Copyright — Correct Sizes of Flat Writing Papers — Sizes of Ruled Paper — Regular Envelope Sizes — Standard Sizes of Newspapers — Leads for Newspapers — Newspaper Measurement— Imposition of Forms. Or, 150 Nassau Street, New York. THE INLAND PRINTER. 355 Cbe miller perfect perforator. Perforates while printing. Perforation is neat and clean. Does not inter¬ fere with clear impression. Perforates any width, at exact place desired. Easily adjusted. Made of steel to fit any platen job press. W rite for circular. THE MILLER PERFORATOR GO., PuNXSUTflWNEY, Pfl. Leatherette Is waterproof and imitates leather in all grains and colors. For cut=flush covers it has no equal. Send for samples to /l. W. Pope & Co. General Agents, 45 High St, BOSTON. Cbe Central Paper Company, Nos. 177 & 179 Monroe Street, CHICAGO, Put all their Ruled Papers up in Boxes with five Tablet Boards in each box. SAMPLES ARE NOW READY. Tor all classes of worR. « « Simple, €beap and TnfalliDle. No chemicals, no expen¬ sive plants. The only process adapted to daily newspaper illustration. Com¬ plete outfits, $15.00 and up¬ wards, according to size. A simple machine renders pre¬ vious knowledge of engraving unnecessary for the repro¬ local papers c own illustrati type their stj We make st chinery, powt etc. Our con are the best s. With outfits in produce their ions and stereo- inding ads., etc. ereotyping ma- ibined machines on the market, everything. WRITE US. HOKE ENGRAVING PLATE CO., - - ST. LOIIS. for printers, publishers. Illustrators, engravers, eiectrotypers, etc. Subscription Price, $2.00. Send for a. Sample Copy. HOWARD LOCKWOOD & CO. 143 Bleecker Street, NEW YORK. Two Itiindretl and ttiree Printers Have — Mr. Lewis has a plan to increase the trade of every printer in the U. S. He is doing business with forty-seven printers today, who acknowledge that he has made money for them. Get a big order by giving your client something well written in the way of a booklet or circular. Booklets, $S to $25; designs, $5 to $25. Write Mr. Lewis, The Advertisers’ Agency, Philadelphia, Buffalo, Detroit. 2,000 cuts for sale at 25 cents apiece. Don’t Stick Me, but Stick these GAUGE PINS into your tympan, and you won’t get stuck in getting a good regis¬ ter and placing your sheets on the ORIGINAL STEEL GAUGE PINS. Four sizes, 60c. per doz., either size. There is a way, however, of sticking these Gauge Pins in the tympan better than another. For instance, don’t fail to bring the point up through, as that keeps the gauge-head end down; and when you - - final position, don’t gouge the paper with the teeth, t e the gauge to . . = - — r-,r~ - - - , - raise the head shghtly and ease them along; then, when in position, don’t hammer the teeth down with a wrench, but tap them gently into substantial paper clam — smoothly on the platen. Start the point in a trifle below the feeding line Don’t fail to remember that they may be had, with our other styles, of type founders and dealers, and of the Inventor and Manufacturer, by send- EDW. L. MEQILL, ing the price. 60 Duane Street, NEW YORK. Cbc poster Craze Has invaded every class of society and no one voho pretends to be anybody is voithout a collection more or less complete. Procure the follovoing Posters before they are gone : February, 1894, Bradley, . . 2Scts March, 1896, Bradley, . . . 10 “ May, 1896, Bird, . 10 “ August, 1896, Giannini," . . 10 “ November, 1896, Leyendecker, 10 “ December, 1896, Leyendecker, 10 “ January, 1897, Leyendecker, lOcts. February, 1897, Leyendecker, 10 “ March, 1897, Leyendecker, . 10 “ April, 1897, Leyendecker, . . 10 “ May, 1897, Leyendecker, . . 10 “ June, 1897, Leyendecker, . . 10 “ SENT ON RECEIPT OF PRICE BY THE INLAND PRINTER CO., Publishers, 212 -214 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. 356 THE INLAND PRINTER. DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO ALL MAKES OF PRINTING PRESSES. ELECTRIC MOTORS NO BELTS, NO DIRT, NO GEARS, NO NOISE. More Efficient than Shaft¬ ing Of Belting. Attached to any Press. Easy to Regulate. Not at all in the way. Cheaper than any other method of operation. The Bullock Electric {Ifg. Co. NEW YORK : St. Paul Building, BOSTON: 8 Oliver St. PHILADELPHIA: 662 Bourse Building, ATLANTA: G. H. Wade, 708 Gould Building, DENVER: Thos. H. Smith, 1724 Champa St. CHICAGO: 623 Western Union Building, ST. LOUIS: St. Louis Electrical Supply Co., 911 Market St. LOUISVILLE: Wood & Speed, 23S Fifth St. SPOKANE : Blearer Darrow, 14 and 17 Temple Court, siiH 1032 BROHDSniHV. - - - CINCINNATI, OHIO. Cray’s Ferry Printing Ink Works. C C. IX)5IN50N & BIX). 198 CLARK Street, - CHICAGO. 86=88 Fultoa Street, NEW YOUK. 710 Saasom Street, PHILADELPHIA. 124 Hopkins Place, BALTIMORE, MD. FREE-HAND DRAWING and ILLUSTRATING.... Taug-ht in THE ART STUDENT and the limner. Ernest Knaufft, Director of the Chautauqua Society of Fine Lrfs, Editor. Sketching from Nature, Caricaturing, Newspaper Illustrating hy the Chalk-plate Pro¬ cess. Wood Engraving, A. B. Frost No. I liked The A> Port Oram, N. J. ' Student from its beginning asterly instruction, and took i keep a little in touch. a Ltfsfed'^^ have been making designs foi New York, January 8, 1896. over vour specimen copies, and from them, although I - ^ - iny years. Philadelphia, Pa., February 10, 1896. I wish to say that I appreciate The Art Stu- ' very much. I have learned considerable the t year, not only about illustrating, but about iting. Hoj)ing you will not miss sending a sin¬ gle number, I inclose my subscription for another -r. C. H. W. THE ART STUDENT, 132 W. 23d Street, New York. ILLINOIS; CENTRAL .buled Trains Daily IIAMOND OPEGIAL I NIOHT TRAIN Iayught Ofeciu cinaraAii TO CHiaco. D COMPARTMEr EVERY PRINTER WANTS - “Profitable Jldbertising” THE ADVERTISER’S TRADE JOURNAL. Fully illustrated, bright, original, up- to-date on all Advertising Topics. The handsomest publica¬ tion of its kind. 1 A o brings a sample copy if you mention Iv UUm. The Inland Printer. KATE E. GRISWOLD, Ed. and Pub. 13 School St., BOSTON, MASS. <><><><><>0<)<><><>^^ The Red Letter An Exponent of the Younger Artists and Literary Men of the Country. Have You Subscribed ? 10 Cents a Copy, $1.00 per Year. 8 Boylston Street, BOSTON, MASS. 6oo<><>o<>o<><><>o-ck><><^ jVIagiia Cbarta Bond Hds. The complete set of 148 designs sub¬ mitted in the recent advertisement competition of the Riverside Paper Company can now be obtained in book form. This is a valuable work for the compositor, the apprentice, the adver¬ tiser or the writer of advertisements, as it gives many suggestions as to proper display. A 160-page book, 9 x 12 inches in size. Sent to any address on receipt of SO cents. Cbe Inland Printer €o., Publishers, 150 Nassau St., cor. Spruce, 214 Monroe Street, NEW YORK. CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 857 THE J. W. O’BANNON CO. 74 DUANE ST,, NEW YORK. BooKbinders’ Supplies. yARCOUN V.. BENZINE! Type or Cats Better. DELETE CHEMICAL CO. BSTABblbHBD 1872 I^HOTO PROCESS E^Cfl MRS we AIM AT THE BE ST PRINTIMfr qv/ALi - IN p TV^ ' LATES THE WlLWON-llAFfNER EntoVlniCo. - DENVER. - C. W. CRUTSINGER MANUFACTURER 0 [Printers’ Rollers and! [» » Composition » 18 Nortli Second Street ST. LOUIS> MO. I Printers’ Rollers.. CHEAPEST in USE! GODFREY & CO. ^^ITH CO^PN-SENSE <^Perforator Copper for Haif-ione, Ground and Polished our Copper to be the best they have ever used. Our Copper Plates are manufactured with the greatest care and are free from hollows.^waves or flaws of any kind. We can furnish this Zinc, Ground and Polished for Line Etching Hard and Fore or Soft Zinc of superior quality. Sheets or plates of any size or gauge required AMERICAN STEEL AND COPPER PLATE COMPANY, ISO Nassau Street, New York FOR ... J Glazed Papers ^ Plated Papers ^ Leather Papers | QO TO h Slade, Hipp & Meloy, ^ 300 Wabash Avenue, h CHICAQO. f TllA Ininnrt Print Pr Knife has been subjected to a careful ine lllldUU rnuicr test for quality of temper. It will be found Flpvihlp Rri7ni*=TernnprpH ^ ^ much flexi- 1 lya^iUl - 1 bllip&l tu bUity, enabling the operator to divide a thin OverlflV ICnife sheet of paper very delicately. In all respects \jy%n lay iviiiiw. jg gf ^jjg most superior manufacture, and - - " . . present-day needs. The blade i form temper throughout. As the knife SO cents, postpaid. H. Griffin & Sons, BOOKBINDERS’ AND POCKETBOOK MAKERS’ SUPPLIES. MOROCOLINE 75 AND 77 DUANE STREET, New York City. LOVEJOY CO.’S DRY PAPER MATRIX (patented.) Will keep in any climate. Ready for use when wanted. Just the thing for offices where t limited amount of stereotyping. No sweat box necessary. Easy Molds can be made on machine o time required for drying, less heat less wear on blankets than when usii matrix. In sheets 19x24 inches. Can be sent by mail or express to any part of the world. Send 12 cents in stamps for half-sheet sample by mail. Price, $t.50 per dozen. THE LOVEJOY CO. 444-6 Pearl Street, - NEW YORK, U. S. A. illlsfS FRANE G. STEWART, HERMAN SCHCESSLER, Pres’t. Gen'l Manager. Ube lP»boto=(rbromoti2pe JEnoravIng Co. 719 Vine Street, - PHILADELPHIA. We solicit your correspondence if you appreciate GOOD QDAUTY— LOW PRICE — PROMPTNESS. Our Catalogue now ready. 358 THE INLAND PRINTER. Cbe mun$on typewriter IS “THE BEST” HT^CHINE. Contains many desirable features heretofore verlooked by other manufacturers. Address for particulars : The Munson Typewriter Co. MANUFACTURERS, 240=244 W. Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. N. B.—Good Agents wanted. Rest, Health and Pleasure gyioUISVIUE. NEW ALBANY S CHICAGO BY.C0.((9 The NASHVILLE EXPOSITION WITH STOP-OVER AT MAMMOTH CAVE, KY. c4ND WEST BADEN AND FRENCH LICK SPRINGS. FRANK J. REED, General Passenger Agent, CHICAGO. City Ticket Office, 232 Clark Street. SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, beautifully illustrated, largest circulation of .mv seientiflc journal, weekly, terms $3.00 a year; $1.50 six months. Specimen copies and Hanu Book on Patents sent free. Address MUNN & CO., 361 Uroadway, New York. =nNEST I SLEEPING CARS , IN THE WORLD Chicago ^ Great ^ Western , CHICAGO TO ST. PAUL AND MINNEAPOLIS HICKOK BIKES PRINTERS, LITHOGRAPHERS, ,4 RULERS, ^ THE W.O. HICKOK MFG. CO. HARRISBURG, PA. BOOK¬ BINDERS. Write for Our prV^e to You THE INLAND PRINTER. 359 ICalifornial On the occasion of the Christian Endeavor Convention in July, the Santa Fe Route will sell first class tickets from Chicago to San Fran= cisco. Southern California or inter¬ mediate points, at rate of which will also apply in the reverse direction. Anyone may buy; pleasure seeker, home .seeker, health seeker, fortune seeker, or attendant on the Coi For detailed ing dates of sale books descripti’ nformation regard- etc., and illustrated ; of scenes along the apply to any agent o the undersigned C. A. HIGGINS, 1336 Gt. Nor. Bldg. Santa Fej Route. I WB HAVE NOT discovered the North Pole, but We Have solved the problem of Printing from a Steel Die. The failure of other power machines to accomplish this purpose has not deterred us from careful and patient investigation. We now have a machine com¬ plete and perfect in every detail. It is A Money=Maker ! Material, workmanship and results are all guaran¬ teed. Write us for further information and ask for our new catalogue — it is something every art printer wants to see. tj. B. Connolly, 156 William Street, New York. William Mann Co., Philadelphia, Pa. ChaS. E. Brown, Philadelphia, Pa. Brandon Printing Co., Nashville, Tenn. R. W. Sterling, Cleveland, Ohio. Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, Md. Payot, Upham & Co., San Francisco, Cal. Carver & Swift Stamping Press Co. 25 North Seventh Street, . . , Philadelphia, Pa. Van Allens Boughton, Selling Agents for New York and New England States, 17 Rose Street, New York. Process* engraving Is the modern substitute for hand-engrav¬ ing. It depends on the action of chemical and mechanical agencies, directed by the skill of the operator; and as these two agents play so important a part in the pro¬ duction of plates, it naturally follows that, other things being equal, the man using the best materials, and the most efficient machinery, will get the best results. We are not chemists and have nothing to offer in that line, but we are machinists, and construct a line of mechanical devices suited to the needs of the most advanced and pro¬ gressive engravers. We are machinists exclusively, giving our undivided attention to our work; con¬ sequently we are better prepared to get results than if machinery was merely a secondary consideration with us. 3obn Royle $ Sons, London Agent : P. LAWRENCE, 63 Farringdon Road, E. C. 360 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE INLAND PRINTER. 361 m Photo by E. J. Dtivison, K ]Vo Discord should mar the proceedings of the L P, P. U, Convention^ at Detroit^ on June 15, ^ Harmony should prevail, and all faces beam with pleasure, as do those of these six children of the sun." ^ While there, and when you go home, remember that Xlhc Inland printer for July will contain a report of the proceedings, fully illustrated. Don^t fail to buy a copy, if not a regular subscriber. ^ The Inland Printer gives, each month, much of value and interest to pressmen. Those who desire to keep posted should by all means subscribe.e^^^^ $2,00 per '^ear. Cbc Inland printer Co. ..... publishers ..... 212-21^ jVIonroc Stmt, 20 cents per Copy. CblCagO. I^ew Office, 15© IHassau Street. 362 THE INLAND PRINTER. Inland Printer Business Biregtory. y are charged $7.00 p "“KiswSf^lSS ™'iruS*f Am?,? ScVS'iS” K|o*^?elfpPon4,S^^^^ & Co., S20 Commercial st., Sm Francisco, Cal. Quean^at^j; Printing Ink Co.. The. Cincinnati BRASS TYPE FOUNDERS. Kent & Haly, 250 Plymouth st., Brooklyn, N. Y. M^^ufactur.rs print. ^T?S’3»iLS“i£lt5b™' *"Ssa ini materiais. ^ ^ SySrSS.?"’’ ’’’• W„.l. F., Mte. C.. 82 Fu.™ ..,, K.. York. Printjnjpf Supply Co. ^ " Prinu-tl AM# I NV i 1 iM I ^ ; Bl ANK BO(.)F. S D OFl* ICE : i 3' LIES nj&rTWPo^^ ORim^ ■ )/ u,,icH\TcZ'isTspec,.er, f Eitl»-Cvpo=; Goes 158-174 Adams St., CHICAGO, PROFIT. CAlne MAKING THE INLAND PRINTER. 363 THE INLAND PRINTER BUSINESS D I R E CT O R Y — C o nti n u e d . =T= PHOTO-ENQRAVERS’ AND ELECTRO¬ TYPERS’ MACHINERY. “■'■f.S; W‘ESSaSh'1ii'?SS«'“- '*”'’a.?S£%^%:sS'1*p.SLKS5& “llil^P PRINTERS’ ROLLE COMPOST Si^ ^ missoiiri ^ Brass lypt f omidrv Companif, E. MENUEL & SONS, KU^ E. MENUEL & SONS, HONORABLE MENTION ^(h PRIZE MEDAL, LONDON, 1862. ^ LONDON, 1870. :. MENUEL & SONS, LONDON, ENGLAND. 1611 South Jefferson Ave., ST. LOUIS, MO, Manufacturers of Brass Type of Every Description MOT IN THE TVPE TKUST. T/P PRINTERS and WOOD PRINTERS. 364 THE INLAND PRINTER. Dnen Dd^er and Record Paper mills at Dalton, ma$$. Has no superior^ Why not use it ? & Our Selling Hgents in (^bicago are Bmdinieir Simnttftn ^ ©®o w w w Vf^ 0/ vfe w w Sf/ €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€^^ INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. t|» »|t »!» »|? r^ r^ r^ ’!» rb rl? rl? ’It tb rib rl? ’It »!:» ’Ir ’!» »!? t^ »i'» i? »!? ^ Imitations are Dangerous. The poor Indian in attempting to imi¬ tate our Air Ship will surely meet disaster. He thinks anything that looks like it will do as well. He will start from a bluff (as the paper states), strike out, and fall flat. Other Indians Have Started Out with imitations of our brands with the same result — they may LOOK the same — these imitations — but INDIANS BUILD AN AIR SHIP. Disaster is Feared when they I.aiiiieh the Machine Iroiii the Clifl’. Phoenix. Ariz., May 26.— The air-ship craze ha.s invaded the Pima Indian reservation. After a big pow-wow, which lasted many days, the young men of the tribe set to work early last week, under the direction of two of the chief medicine men, to construct an aerial naviga¬ tion ship from a model found in one of the illustrated weekly papers that reaches the reservation. The ship is a canoe-shaped affair, and the propeller is a huge revolving wheel. Charles Barnett, who arrived yesterday from the reservation, says the Indians will surely attempt to launch their contrivance from the highest perpendicular bluff they can and.— Chicago Record, May 27. They don't do the Business 3.ai.Butkr Paper Company 212-21$ mo«roc stmt, Chicago. rb ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b tb Tb rb ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b ’b Tb 4-1 Contest Number One . Which closes on July 31, is now under way. We have already sent out a number of registration blanks and have received a number of entries. Rules governing the Contest, registration blanks and com¬ petition blanks will be furnished upon application. The Employers of all Pressmen and Feedeirs operating “ Cen¬ tury” Presses should encourage them to enter this Tournament. The awards of $60.00 and $40.00 are awaiting the Press¬ man and Feeder who demonstrate most successfully in Contest No. I the superior earning capacity and capabilities of the “Century.” If your office is not now equipped with a “Century” this is a good time to remedy the omission. THE INLAND PRINTER. - - ^ 367 THE CHASMAR-VINCHELL PRESS, New York, June 18, 1897. Campbell Printing Press & Mfg. Co. New York. Gentlemen: --In reply to your inquiry as to my opinion of the ’^Century” Press No. 00, 45 X 62 inch bed, purchased some months ago, I take pleasure in saying that I regard it superior to any other press we have used; the impres¬ sion is very firm, greatly reducing the time required to make forms ready. The closeness of the register makes this press particularly valuable to us in our high-grade work employing many colors . In running very large editions the plates show no appreciable wear, their life being increased at least 50^. ¥e recently printed on this press a second edition of a bicycle catalogue, using half-tone plates with delicate vignetting extending into the margins, the first edition of which was printed on another press which we regard as first-class; the comparison was de¬ cidedly in favor of the "Century.'* ¥e never run at high speed on fine work, therefore, have not had occasion to test your press in this particular, but the pressroom reports show that this machine on the highest grade work yields a much greater output than any of our other presses, and with better results . The working of the press in our es¬ tablishment substantiates all the claims you have made for it. Respectfully yours, A. E. CHASMAR. The Century’ Press. me Campbell Co. 5 Madison Avenue, NEW YORK. 334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. 96 Leadenhall Street, LONDON, E. C. 368 THE INLAND PRINTER. The “Multipress” We take pleasure in presenting, for the first time, illustrations of the “Multipress.” This machine has been subjected to the most exhaustive tests known to us, and has in every instance proven itself a complete success. Its performance has been truly remarkable, and it affords us supreme satisfaction to formally add this, another success, to our line of New Era machinery. An inspection upon the part of those who have had experience with similar machines will disclose the fact that in the “Multipress” the eccentricities of other type-printing Web presses have been entirely eliminated, and instead is to be found absolute surety of action. The “Multipress” has been designed and is built upon the same high plane of construction and efficiency as the “Century” and “ New Model,” and without doubt will exceed our claims, as they have done. We ask that you compare it with other similar machines and note the compact, sturdy simplicity which denotes the hand of the professional press builder. THE \^MVLTIPRESS^’ PRINTS FOUR, SIX OR EIGHT PAGED PAPERS FROM ORDINARY FLAT FORMS OF TYPE AT THE RATE OF 5,000 TO 6,000 PER HOUR. Note. — Two-paged supplements to make up a ten-paged paper may be run when desired, and bobtail sheets also, consisting of three, five or seven pages. The construction and general design of the “ Multipress” is vastly superior to that of other similar machines. As a whole it is heavier ; its parts are fewer, yet stronger, and its motions more precise. The path of the web under strain is shorter, and there are fewer angles about which the web has to be drawn. In it more time is given to the shifting of the web, which occupies two-thirds of each printing stroke, while in other machines it is limited to one-half, for which reason alone the “ Multipress” is capable of a higher sustained speed and will run with a less expensive grade of paper. The greater period of time allowed the shifting of the web between impressions enables us to employ a gentle motion, which is much easier upon the paper than the jerk which is necessary in other presses of this nature. Besides, with our method of shifting (which is patented) the web may be run taut, which insures a degree of register absolutely impossible with any other press of the kind yet built. Unlike other machines, tapes are not used to make the first and second folds, and, indeed, the sheet remains attached to the web until after the paper is pasted and folded into four, six or eight page form, whereupon, and not before, it is cut off. This feature will be recognized as of inestimable value by those who have handled the complicated THE INLAND PRINTER. 369 tape folders which are a necessity with other Type Web presses, and which compel frequent stoppage throughout the printing of every edition. Moreover, this method of collating, pasting, folding and cutting produces a paper which is exactly identical in appearance with the Metropolitan dailies and in no sense resembles the provincial papers. The paper is open top, bottom and sides, and is free from notches or connections which compel the reader to tear it open by hand. The wearing out of type so widely complained of in existing machinery, we have completely avoided by the special construction of our cylinder and by gearing the cylinder to the bed at both sides. Further, as the beds do not move, but are stationary parts bolted firmly to the framing of the machine, the working up of type and quads, which is a constant source of trouble upon a moving-bed press, is not present. From the operator’s standpoint, the “ Multipress” is much more convenient and is far safer so far as life and limb are concerned than other presses of this kind. If the illustrations are examined it will be seen that there are no crank gears or rapidly swinging connecting rods upon the outside of the press, neither is the cutting and folding done in a place which it is dangerous to reach while the machine is working. A point of particular advantage which should not be overlooked is the fact that the lower bed is not beneath the other, but with the cylinder moved back is completely accessible from above. This feature is invaluable to quick and correct work in placing and planing the lower form. As space is limited, it is impossible to set forth all the particular features which render the “ Multipress” vastly superior to the other machines in use, but upon application we shall be pleased to show the “ Multipress” in operation and to describe a large number of other advantages which we have not related. THE CAMPBELL COMPANY, 334 Dearborn Street, Chicago. 5 Madison Avenue, New York. 96 Leadenhall St., London, E. C. BEWARE !===We Shall Protect Our Patents, The patent No. 376,053, which has been upheld by the courts, covers until 1905 any Web Perfecting press having Reciprocating Cylinders which print on both their forward and backward strokes from Flat Forms of Type. We shall hold every user of a press of this description personally liable for his infringement, as in the case of Messrs. Harden & Rowell, of Lowell, Mass., just ended, in which the courts stopped the infringing (Duplex) press until the users had paid our demand of $2,500 in cash. We spend large sums annually in developing inventions and in securing patents upon them, and we shall permit no single case of infringement to escape the just penalty which the law provides ip such matters. 370 THE INLAND PRINTER. Nothing Succeeds Like Success ! For full particulars of a press that feeds itself and prints envelopes (on either side), card stock, tags (singly or in gangs), blotters and box blanks, at a guaranteed speed of 5,000 per hour, address THE HARRIS AUTOMATIC PRESS CO. NILES, OHIO, U. S. A. THE THORNE is tlie only Mechanical Type Setter produeiny Composition and Distrihution at one and the same time . . . On One Machine by the use ot individuat types Results equal it not superior to hand worh, and altowiny ot CHEAP AND RAPID CORRECTIONS. A machine tor the Newspaper or Booh Ottiee at a moderate price and on reasonable terms. SfNI fW UTUMIC. Thorne Tyhe ScNIimi MachlRC Co. 34 Parh ROW I39 Monroe St. New Yorh Chicago THE INLAND PRINTER. 371 i? i? i? T|t it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it it ititifififififirififififififififirititirifitififififififitifiritifififififififififif Jaenegke Bros. «ND Fr. Sghneemann, Nos^ 536-538 Pearl Street, New York, make Inks for printing black or in col¬ ors, upon any material by any process. Our facilities for making INKS OF ALL KINDS are unexcelled, and an uninter¬ rupted experience of more than half a century, during which we have kept in close pace with the advancements in the art of printing, enables us to furnish our products of correct and uniform quality and at moderate prices^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ SPECIMEN BOOK AND CATALOGUE WILL BE SENT ON APPLICATION. 372 THE INLAND PRINTER. The ^T^ckT^bbed Facts about them : 1IT IS NOT A QUESTION OF OPINION-IT'S a settled fact, proved in over 8,000 instances, that the very best all-round press for the majority of printing offices is the CHANDLER & PRICE GORDON. Every user will recommend them. They are sold by the American Type Founders^ Company at prices very close to cost. 2 THE BEST PRINTERS NEED THE BEST press. The GALLY UNIVERSAL bears the same relation to other job presses that the highest grade cylinder does to the ordinary drum cylinder. You can get along with another style of press but you positively cannot do the finer grades of work — cut, color, half-tone and three-color process— on any other type of press. The whole story of an ordinary press can be told in a para¬ graph, it would take a page of The Inland Printer to enumerate briefly the superior points of the Universal. For what you get and what it does, it is the cheapest of all job presses. 3 WE RECOMMEND THE PEERLESS -GEM CUTTERS. They combine all the good points of all other lever cutters with superior leverage — which means easy cutting— greater strength and durability, and perfect accuracy. So many are sold that the prices are as low as asked for inferior cutters. The 23-inch lists at $100; 25-inch, $125; 30-inch, $175; 32-inch, $200 — but the selling prices are much lower. 3 Safest Purchases! Why buy the Second Best when the Best costs no more? GENERAL SELLING AGENTS: American Type Founders’ Co. PEERLESS-GEM PAPER CUTTERS. ....SEE LIST OF BRANCHES ON OPPOSITE PACE.... THE INLAND PRINTER. 373 'BEST OF EVERYTHING FOR THE RRINTER. American Type Founders’ Company Sells at Manufacturers’ Prices ! CARRIES IN STOCK AT ALL ITS BRANCHES THESE LEADING LINES: HAMILTON'S WOOD GOODS . These have a world -wide and merited popularity. WESEL’S GALLEYS, CHASES, STEREOTYPE BLOCKS and tools unsurpassed for accuracy, strength and finish. GOLDING^S PRESSES AND PRINTERS^ TOOLS Distinguished for special and valuable features, originality and utility. If there were any better goods we would have them* We buy the Best and so should the Printer, especially when the inferior costs as much* American Type Founders’ Co. NEW YORK, Rose aid Duane Sts. BOSTON, ISO Congress St. PHILADELPHIA, 606-614 Sansom St. BALTIMORE, Frederick and Water Sts. BUFFALO, 83 Ellicott St. PITTSBURG, 323 Third Ave. CINCINNATI, 13-17 Longworth St. CLEVELAND, St. Clair and Ontario Sts. CHICAGO, I39-I4I Monroe St. ST. LOUIS, Fourth and Elm Sts. MILWAUKEE, 376 Milwaukee St. MINNEAPOLIS, 24-26 First St., South. SAN FRANCISCO, 405 Sansome St. KANSAS CITY. S33 Delaware St. DENVER, 1616 Blake St. PORTLAND, Second and Stark Sts. BUY FROM OUR NEAREST BRANCH. 374 THE INLAND PRINTER. IN OTHER WORDS: MORE DETAIL, MORE DEPTH, MORE CONTRAST, MORE SATISFACTION, Meimce M(D)[nie^ TO THE PRINTER PUBLISHER. for purposes. HALF-TONE FROM WASH DRAWING. Artistic crtaloque Illustrations for euery Line of Business. SAMPLES . FOR THE ASKING. 34L351 DEARBORN ST. FRANKLIN BUILDING. THE INLAND PRINTER. 375 376 THE INLAND PRINTER, THE INLAND PRINTER. 377 tfte l)igb-6rade Bicycle has the same relation to the $ig.0O Department Store Bicycle as Binner Plates have to factory maae Plates. BINNER PLATES are found in the leading magazines; the pub¬ lishers appreciate their Printing Qualities and the advertiser the value of both BINNER DESIGNS and PLATES. Binner Plates Perfect Plates whether Zinc Etchings, "Wood Engravings, Electrotypes or HaU-tones, Columbia Bicycle ads. are made by Binner, t^bicago. Look for our imprint. mYCt£S A BINNER PLATE. (Note its Printing- Qualities.) Binner’s EIGHTEEN-STORY CREATIONS sent free upon receipt of five 2c. stamps for Modernized Advertising- or Binner Poster. BINHER EflGRAVIfiG CO, FISHER BUILDING, CHICAGO. 378 THE INLAND PRINTER. George E. Sanborn 347 and 349 Dearborn Street CHICAGO The STANDARD MACHINERY CO. Successors to GEORGE H. SANBORN & SONS MANUFACTURERS OF Paper Cutting Machines and for Bookbinders and Printers F. L. MONTAGUE, Eastern Agent, 30 Reade St., New York. ALSO AtenfL F. L. MONTAGUE & CO., New York MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN Elliott Thread Stitching and Tying Machine Wire Stitching Machines and Wire Paper Folding Machines Paging and Numbering Machines Ruling Machines, Signature Presses Paper Box Machinery, Etc. LONG DISTANCB TBGBPMONE, “MARRISOrS 541.” THE INLAND PRINTER. 379 T®y li1<^¥E lnlEi^lB> or 'ms. We ;^iE OKIE Of THE BIQ Fellsws. if interested, send for Prices. NEW LiTHOORAVURE CATALOGUE jnst ont THE INLAND PRINTER. THE AULT AND WIBORQ QINQINNATI. NEW YORK, CMIQAQO. 5T. L0CJ15. Our 000(1$ Carried in $tocK and for Sale by: Eugene Lyon, 123 N. Fourth St., Phila., Pa. P. S. Pease & Co., Detroit, Jlich. Cleveland Paper Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Chas. A. Smith Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Courier Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Ailing & Cory, Rochester, N. Y. Central Ohio Paper Co., Columbus, Ohio. Heybach=Bush Co., Louisville, Ky. Morgan & Hamilton Co., Nashville, Tenn. F. W. Gardiner Co., Salt Lake, Utah. Bryan Printing Co., Columbia, S. C. State Journal Co., Lincoln, Neb. Ailing Paper Co., San Antonio, Tex. Great Western Type Foundry, Omaha, Neb. Geo. B. Stadden, Minneapolis, Minn. B. M. Wood, Dayton, Ohio. DISTRIBUTING AGENTS FOR CANADA: Toronto Type Foundry, Toronto. Montreal. Winnipeg. THE INLAND PRINTER. 381 CUTTER embodies the result of sixty years of labor and experience. Has all desirable features of our well-known “Auto” Cutter, with the advantage that both mp and knife are drawn down from both ends, with no reverse motion of ir, thus securing an absolutely noiseless machine with a positive and very powerful Auto-clamp motion. It is the heaviest and strongest paper-cutting machine ever put on the market. All gears are cut and all shafts of steel. It is built in the very best manner, of the best material, and we unhesitatingly guarantee it for the heaviest as well as the most accurate work. Built in sizes from 36 to 70 inches. Write us for prices and full particulars. T. W. ^ a B. SHERIDAN, 4-2 Works — Champlain, N. Y. THE INLAND PRINTER. L. L. Brown Paper Company, Hdams, )V[ass., Cl. 8. H. ^ Handmade Papers WE ARE THE ONLY MAKERS OF HANDMADE PAPER IN THE UNITED STATES, AND THE INCREASING DEMAND FOR THESE PAPERS FOR DRAWING, WATER-COLOR PAINTING, CORRESPONDENCE, AND SPECIAL BOOK EDITIONS, GIVES AMPLE EVIDENCE OF THEIR POPULARITY. Be sure to specify Brownes paper when ordering your Blanh Books. 3. m. Butler Paper 0o. 212-218 MONROE ST., CHICAGO, are Western Agents for the Linen Ledger and Record, the All-Linen and the Bond Papers. ^ ^ ^ ^ . MAKERS OF _ Cinen Cedger and Record Papers FOR BLANK BOOKS, MERCHANTS^ AND BANKERS’ LEDGERS, COUNTY OR STATE RECORDS. JllbClnen Papers FOR TYPEWRITING AND FINE CORRESPONDENCE. Bond Papers FOR POLICIES, DEEDS AND COMMERCIAL PURPOSES. THE INLAND PRINTER. 383 384 THE INLAND PRINTER. 31 Slecord Streaker! ONE HUNDRED MACHINES, in use twelve years, have cost $500 for repairs, an average of $5 per machine. Proton folding SHachine Co. 8rie, 3a. DICK’S SEVENTH MAILER. To SAVE labor and secure speed in addressing, publishers should use R. Dick’s Mailer. With it experts have mailed from 6,000 to 8,586 papers in fifty-seven minutes. For information concerning Mailer, Address Price, $20.25 R. DICK ESTATE, 139 West Tapper St., without Royalty. BUFFALO, N. Y. VERY BEST MAILER. Simple, positivemovements; no rubber belts; no trouble; fine adjustments; most rapid; expert record, 170 per minute. Novices can do fast work; experts beat their record when using ^ l>orton ntaikr. yMore effective and durable than higher-priced machines. For sale at all branches of the AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS’ CO. Paper Sutter Knives.... ESTABLISHED IN 1830. w • ^ a ^ No "Fake” in our methods. Best Finish, S* LOMng (^OCS & 60. Honest Prices, Written Warrant. Try. WORCESTER, MASS. THE INLAND PRINTER. 385 Just What I Have Been Looking For — A simple, effective, inexpensive and positive GALLEY SIDE LOCK ; one that is attach¬ able to any kind or style of news or job galleys. The “Laing” Patent Galley Lock=Up will surely meet your needs. ^ Lock-Up sold separately, or at to any style galley, patent lir brass. ^ Send for circular and c MANUFACTURED BY F. Wesel Mfq. Co. Printers’, Electrotypers’, Stereotypers’ a Keith Paper Company TURNER'S FALLS, MASS. KEITH LEDGER PAPERS rewrite without difficulty, and have been given the preference by good judges in competitive tests with all other leading brands of Ledger papers. Office and Warerooms : 82 = 84 Fulton Street, cor. Gold, Factory- BROOKLYN, N. Y. ^ - NEW YORK. ELECTROTY PERM’S Power Press I References 5 J. MANZ CO., . . . Chicago, Ul. RAND, McNALLY & CO., . A. W. KELLOGG NEWSPAPER CO. “ THE WERNER PRINTING CO., Akron, Ohio. WOODWARD & TIERNAN, . St. Louis, Mo. C. I. HOOD & CO., . . . Lowell, Mass. CENTRAL ELECTRO. & ENGRAVING CO., Cleveland, Ohio. QUEEN CITY ELECTROTYPE FOUNDRY, . Cincinnati, Ohio. Send for full Description and Catalogue, GEO. E. LLOYD & CO., 202-204 south Clinton Street, CHICAGO, III. 386 THE INLAND PRINTER, SPECIAL ^ PRINTING^ MACHINERY. The Double Quarto and (^arto are built on the same principle; also Double Quarto and Quarto printing on both sides. At¬ tachments fitted to either for slitting, per¬ forating, numbering, bronzing, etc. . PONY CYLINDER PRESS Simplest machine on the market, combin¬ ing all the latest improved features, with parts. Will do finest grade of print- PRINTING, CUTTING AND SCORING Designed especially for Folding Paper Box Makers ; will do the work automatically of four ordi¬ nary presses now in general use ; built in several sizes. ROLL SLITTING AND REWINDING MACHINE For slitting and rewinding all grades of paper material, into rolls of varying width and diameter, from the thinnest ing, and ordinary , work, at capacity of -fcox board. Different kinds of machines feeder. Always ready for any kind of a job. i^aterial and class of work. IMPROVED ROUTING MACHINE SPECIAL ROTARY PRESS Prints both sides of web and rewinds. Size, 30 x 30. Any Handiest combination machine size built to order. Attachment curved elec- to cut printed web into sheets stereotype plates. Built , f . , , . , to fit any diameter of printing of fixed sizes may be added. cylinder If you are looking for Printing Machinery for some specialty, write to us. THE KIDDER PRESS MANUFACTURING CO., 26-34 Norfolk Ave., BOSTON, MASS. THE INLAND PRINTER. 387 T is the aim of every printing office to reduce expenses as much as possible, consistent with good work. New and improved machinery is constantly required in order to keep up with the times. Typesetting machines are an important factor in all well-regulated printing offices. That machine which permits of the widest range of adjustment on all classes of work should commend itself to every printer wishing to be up-to-date. The Linotype is now used in over four hundred printing offices and one machine does the work of four compositors. The most experienced printers wishing to do newspaper, book or job work use this machine, and the State printing of New York, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Colorado, and other States, is accomplished by the aid of The Linotype. If you are in doubt as to whether The Linotype is suitable for your office, write to or call on Mergenthaler Linotype Company, Tribune Building, New York City, P. r. DODGE, President fmui PjR PAINTScS" 4LCOHOI PACKER’S Jlar soap POWERglHCHTMH, eOLOMlWNSPITO r Current^ ILiterature Set on the Linotype and printed ) direct from Linotype slug's by ^ Redfield Bros., Scott & Bowne Building, New York City. 388 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE SEYBOLD^ DUPLEX TRIMMER Cats Two Edges at Once. It is a machine without a weak spot and brim full of new ideas thoroughly tested^ DonT consider one unless you wish to enormously increase the output of your operator^ THE INLAND PRINTER. 389 mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmfflmmmmmmmmmWWtU DO YOU REALIZE WHAT TRIMMING TWO EDGES AT ONCE MEANS? It means two cuts to trim four sides with only one turn of the table* The Duplex turns out work with a nicety and exact¬ ness before impossible with one knife* If there are differences in the cost of machines^ there are still wider differences in their earning powers* If you have an eye to economy^ the hitherto unheard of records the Duplex is making will interest you* THE SEYBOLD MACHINE CO* Makers of Machinery for Bookbinders, Printers, Lithogfraphers, Paper-Box Makers, Paper Mills, etc. DAYTON, OHIO, 53-55 Louie Street. NEW YORK CITY, No. I Reade Street. CHICAGO, Monadnock Btiilding. ST. LOUIS, 406 North Third Street. 390 THE INLAND PRINTER. O [nacuwflc ^ SIMPLE DURABLE INEXPENSIVE ^ Price, $300 Xypesetter USES ORDINARY TYPE. NO SPECIAL NICKS. Sefs anv length of line, and is operated successful Iv Pv anv compositor. MB(SonnsiB Eho©os, umired, P^nme Sttreedo M^w YdDrlko THE INLAND PRINTER. 391 PRINTING and EinB088ING fit ONE Impression I STEEL DIE PRINTING Is the highest style of the art. There Is money In this line as well as merit. Ottf Stamping Press Is a perfect piece of mechanism^ prodoclng high-grade work at a large profit. Write for out new catalogue. CARVER & SWIFT STAMPING PRESS CO. 25 N. 7th St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. Selling Agents i VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON, 17-23 Rose Street, New York. LEADING SPECIALS. 2- Quire Box of Embossed Paper with Envelopes ai 45c, 5-Qaire Box of Embossed Paper with two-letter Monogram and Envelopes at ..... $1,25 SBNB FOR CIRCULARS. ENGRAVED Wedding- Invitations, Announce¬ ments, At Homes, in the most approved forms. Lowest Prices. Calling Cards, Monogram Stationery. STEEL DIE EMBOSSED Letter-Heads, En¬ velopes, Catalogue Covers, etc. WM. FREUND cS* SONS, Write for Samples and Prices. ISS State St., CHICAGO. Save Floor Space ! MORGANS -WILCOX CO., Middletown, N. Y. There are Several Reasons Why it is to the advantage of Engravers to use our Machines. IN THE FIRST PLACE, they are the outcome of many years’ practical experience, both in handling" and making" machinery of this type, which means a great deal. SECONDLY, their construction is such that not only do they work rapidly and well in the beg’inning, but they continue to do so, running steadily, year in and year out, as only machines that are first-class in every respect can run. THIRDLY, particular attention has been paid to convenience in operating. There are a great many matters of detail about machines of this sort which, if developed on the right lines, make a wonderful difference in results. Our machines are noted for perfection of detail as well as for general merit of design. London Agent: P. LAWRENCE, 63 Famngdon Road, E. C. John Royle & Sons, PATERSON, N. J., U. S. A. 392 THE INLAND PRINTER. Cb( $uperioritv of the Olbltlock new Crank Bed movement OVER ALL OTHER NEW MOVEMENTS LIES IN THESE POINTS; It is SO simple — the pressman need study nothing about it except the location of the oil holes — it does the work. It is constantly in gear — no sudden entrance of gears before they operate— no slides— no springs — it works by simple, connected gearing. It is long tried and durable as to those fea¬ tures which carry the bed backward and forward. The speed gears — two elliptical broad -faced gears (see cut) — form the sole novelty of the movement, and these we have tested and know all about. It is smoother and slower over centers — by great odds smoother than any other — 40 per cent less strain around ends. We guarantee the swiftest, smoothest and most durable Bed Movement extant. ^ ^ ^ THE FOLLOWING SIZES ARE NOW ON THE MARKET: No. 000 — 4-Roller, Bed 45 X 62, Type 40 x 58, Speed 1,620 No. I — 4-Roller, Bed 35 x 47, Type 30 x 44, Speed 2,040 No. 2 — 4-Roller, Bed 29 x 42, Type 25 x 38, Speed 2,200 No. 3 — 2-Roller, Bed 27 x 40, Type 23 x 36, Speed 2,600 No. 5 — 2-Roller, Bed 27 x 31, Type 22 x 28, Speed 3,000 Ready for delivery July 15 — No. o, 4-Roller, Bed 39 x 52, Type 34 x 48, Speed 1,920. 132 Times Building, New York. 10 Mason Building, Boston. 706 Fisher Building, Chicago. Cbe WDitlock macDine Cotnpanp. THE INLAND PRINTER. 393 THE EMPIRE TYPESETTING MACHINE. It is the Best on the Market. It is Simple in Construction. There is No Limit to its Speed A Printer can Run it. No Machinist required. Saves 50% of Composition Bills EMPIRE TYPESETTING MACHINE CO. 203 Broadway, NEW YORK. 'mmmmmmfmmi £undell For Direct Connection to any Type of 1/ / V * V I V Printing Press or Machine ^ ^ ^ Received Medal of Supe= II riority at the American Institute Fair, New York, ® over every other motor in competition. Entire Printing" and Bookbindingf Establishments equipped with Lundell Motors and Controllers. Enormous losses and inconvenience of shafting and belting obviated. Most compact^ efficient and reliable motors on the market. Illustrated catalogue upon application. ■ V mm m ^ General ©fficcs 311(1 Worics : Interior Conduit und Insuldtion Co#f 527 west swstmtRew pork city. The Leader A Paper that Will Withstand the Ravages of Time. Made from New Rag Stocks Free from Adulteration^ 1 Magna f Perfectly All %• Sized* Long 1 Charta | Finished by *.• Fibre. 1 Bond » 1 Plating. Riverside Paper Company, Holyoke, Mass. Design submitted by Herman G. Loehlin, with Methodist Book Concern, ISO Fifth Avenue, New York, in the Riverside Paper Company’s advertisement competition, conducted by The Inland Printer Company, Chicago. A hands^e pamphlet containing the 148 complete full size designs, with embossed cover, will be sent, express prepaid, by The Inland Printer Company, on receipt of 50 cents. This book presents a wonderful display of ingenuity in advertisement typesetting, and should be in the hands of all in any way interested in advertising. THE INLAND PRINTER. 395 the Leaders of all Cabinets. SPEAKER SERIES IN WOOD. « Polhemus ^^Cabinets lEY save space and time^ and are therefore Money Makers, them with Steel Runs and saves another 25 per cent. to ignore these facts. JJoesn^t this mean anything to you? The Hamilton Mfg. Co. Two Rivers, Wis. S3 Wood Type Printers^ Hurniturc The unprecedented demand for our goods in all parts of QILSUPERiqR_QUALiTY, the world is conclusive evidence that they are RIGHT. OUR POLHEMUS CABINETS^ fitted with Steel Runs and ^^New Departure" Cases, represent the highest grade and most economical cabinets ever offered to the trade. They are carried in stock and sold by all leading supply houses. Ask for them. Look for our stamp — IT IS A GUARANTY OF EXCELLENCE, 396 THE INLAND PRINTER. Now -a- days, First - Class Publications Use Kodaks for illustrating . First -Class Publications Can get Kodaks for part cash, part advertising. Send sample paper and rate card when yon write. Eastman Kodak Co. Rochester, N. Y. Just Out... '“CRAMER CONTRAST PLATES. Made specially for Photo '■Mechanical Work, Line Drawings, and all work where the greatest Contrast is desirable. Try them, and convince yourself that they are just the thing for Process Workers. Full descriptive Catalogue sent free to any address on application. Manufactured by G. Cramer Dry Plate Works, ST. LOUS, MO. NEW YORK OFFICE, 265 Greene Street. THE CHAMBERS PAPER FOLDING MACHINERY. Quadruple Sixteen ° Page folding iDacblne.... This Self-Registering- Folder will receive a sheet containing sixty-four pages, which it cuts apart, folds, and delivers in four separate signatures of sixteen pages each. It may be fed by hand or by an automatic feeding machine. Under favorable circumstances it has turned out over 100,000 signatures per day. CHAIMBERS BROTHERS COIVIPANY, E. a FULLER & CO., Agents, NEW YORK and CHICAOO. Fifty-Second St., below Lancaster Avenue, PHILADELPHIA, PA. williamson-Haffner Engraving Co., Denver, Colorado. THE LOOP, GEORGETOWN, COLORADO. 4-3 THE TAMBOURINE GIRL. Photo by i, Chicago. VoL. XIX— No. 4. CHICAGO, JULY, 1897, terms THE PROPRIETOR BECOMES A TOURIST, [, YES, he would do it. No reason in the world why he shouldn’t if he wanted to. Hadn’t had any fun for a Ions' time and now was a grand chance ; so he decided without further delay. He was John Manfield, printer — in fact, an employing printer in com¬ fortable circumstances, a master of What he decided to do was to become a tramp printer — a tourist. I said above that he was an employing printer in comfortable circum¬ stances. For fear that that statement might not meet with ready credence, I will further explain that he had been in business for himself for a num¬ ber of years, and not having made much headway in this world’s goods, had kept at work in a half¬ hearted sort of way, just getting a fair living out of his business, when, by the death of a relative, he came into the possession of some money. With a portion of this money he refitted his plant, and profiting by the experience of former years and with the advantage of a working capital he so reorganized and rejuvenated his business that it was turned into a paying investment, and was working smoothly in a business-like way when the proprietor left his office in the hands of his cousin, who was identified with him in the management, and taking a goodly amount of money out of bank, went forth to see the world from the standpoint of the tramp. With this prefatory explanation I will withdraw after introducing Mr. John Manfield, printer, who will tell the story of his travels in his own words. The first place I stopped after leaving home was a good distance away, where I thought that I would not be known. It was in St. Louis. I arrived there at 9:30 at night, and went to a first-class hotel, where I had supper, and then went to bed. In the morning after breakfast I took my grip con¬ taining my disreputable outfit, and looked around to find a place where I could change my clothes in order to appear as a tourist in good standing. I did not think it advisable to do this at my hotel. Such a place was offered by a barber who had bath¬ rooms also, and in order to avoid suspicion I gave him an insight into my plans, and a sufficient amount of money for the privilege of using his rooms every day of my stay in the city to convince him that I was traveling incog. When I had effected the change I surprised even myself. I was a tramp in the last stages. The only thing lacking was the usual two weeks’ growth of beard, but I concluded that time would remedy that defect, so I went forth to search for work. I had so often heard the story told by tourists in want of a job that I had no trouble at all in remem¬ bering the formula. I first tried an office on one of the side streets. Here the whole business was done in one room. A dirty looking specimen of a boy was kicking off a job of dodgers on an eighth medium. In answer to my question he announced that the boss was out and he didn’t know when he would be back. But I might call again in the after¬ noon. The next place I stopped I had better fortune. I only asked for enough work to pay for a square meal, and was rewarded by being taken on as long as their rush lasted. I was put to work throwing in a case, as I was in the composing room. The quad box was about half full of pi, broken leads, etc. I came near getting discharged for wasting his calling. 400 THE INLAND PRINTER. valuable time by trying to sort it out and put my case to rights. The man who by general consent seemed to be the foreman, although I never found out how he should have acquired that honor, told me that the sooner that I got to work the better. The case was good enough for him, and he guessed that it would do for me. I somewhat appeased his wrath by getting up a fair string of clean proof. KicVcr.ydclil5mcn Read RUDDER, Poster Design by Thomson Willing. When noon came I was advanced enough money to get my dinner, but I didn’t like the idea of going to a respectable restaurant in my disreputable attire, nor did I like the idea of eating at the fourth-rate restaurants which my kind usually frequented, so I bought some fruit at the corner stand and returned to the office a half hour before work began. I wandered into the pressroom to look around. One of the feeders was eating his dinner. I picked up a sheet on one of the job presses ; it was a pro¬ fessional corner on a packet note-head, linen paper. Although a black Gothic letter, it was running woefully gray. “ Don’t look very black, does it,” I remarked to the feeder. “No,” he replied, “ but it’s the blackest you can get it to look on linen paper,” he said, as he added unto himself a large section of pie. “Bad ink?” I inquired. “Oh, the ink’s all right ; but black ink is always gray on rough paper,” upon which statement he rested his case. I looked at the rollers and found them larger than the gudgeons, so that the type sunk into them instead of lightly touching them. I took a pair of shears and cut four or five strips of cardboard and pasted them on the bearers until I had gotten them the right height, and very materially improved the appearance of the job. A few days later I was rewarded by receiving an old pair of pants, some¬ what better than the ones I was wearing, as a mark of appreciation from the feeder I had be¬ friended. I wore them the rest of my stay at that office, but reserved my older pair to inspire sym¬ pathy at the hands of those from whom I would seek employment. The pressfeeder didn’t grasp the principle of my work on the press with the misfit rollers, for one day he showed me a sheet worked in fairly good ultramarine blue and said that he had pasted so much cardboard on the bearers that it bore the impression off the form, and still he couldn’t match the copy in color, which, by the way, happened to have been printed in bronze-blue. He seemed greatly relieved when I explained matters to him. Written for The Inland Printer. CHANGES FROM COPY BY PROOFREADERS. BY F. HORACE TEALL. SOME years ago Mr. Charles Colburn, formerly Secretary of Typographical Union No. 6, told the writer a story of the time when he read proof on the New York Tribune. Mr. Charles A. Dana was then one of the editors of that paper. One day he was annoyed at finding that something appeared in print different from what he had written, and told Mr. Colburn very emphatically that his copy must never be changed. The very next day Mr. Dana wrote a sentence that simply could not be left as it was written, and on its sub¬ mission to him he had to acknowledge that his instruction to follow copy invariably must be modi¬ fied, in the letter at least, though the spirit of the order was not and could not be properly held to forbid changes where they were plainly compul¬ sory. Probably Mr. Colburn knew this latter fact as well as any one could know it, but he was suffi¬ ciently diplomatic to perceive the advantage of a distinct mutual understanding. Two facts are clearly illustrated by this occur¬ rence. Editors are commonly and very properly averse to having liberties taken with their work, and the proofreader should be — as he generally is — very cautious in this matter. But even the most careful editor sometimes sends manuscript to the printer in which there are errors of accident, too evident to be anything but errors, and in these cases the proofreader who does not correct them is remiss in his service. So far our proofreader is left “between the devil and the deep sea,” or, in the words of a sug¬ gested amendment to bring the saying up to date, “between the bicycle and the trolley.” He must not take liberties in the way of changing, and he should make changes when they are really neces¬ sary. This is not truly paradoxical, however. It THE INLAND PRINTER. 401 merely constitutes a clear statement of fact, with natural limitation. A solution of the difficulty in¬ volved, so that conscientious work mig-ht be done by the reader, without fear of misunderstanding- or of incurring- unjust censure, would be hig-hly advantageous, but seems impossible, because of the vast amount of detail in question, and most largely because of the many differences of opinion that exist with reference to correct diction. Here seems to be the point least easily decided. When should to say, they result sometimes from obfuscation of the editorial mind. They occur mostly when the logical subject of the verb consists of a number of words, especially when the word just before the verb is a noun. In some cases of involved locution it is not so easy to decide whether a singular or a plural verb is required. When this is so, especially if the reader is not fully prepared to state instantly and clearly his reason for change, the safe proced¬ ure undoubtedly consists in following copy. Let the reader leave the words just as he finds them, and when should he change them ? It would take a book to give an answer to this question for every possible occurrence, but even what is possible in the scope of our article may be sufficiently sugges¬ tive to be useful. Probably no point of diction is more generally agreed upon than that a singular noun should be accompanied by a singular verb, and that plurals should be similarly associated. Violations of this are not uncommon in print, however, and, strange him be qualified to distinguish between instances of mere lapsus calami and those of possible or prob¬ able difference of opinion between himself and the editor, and in the one case change and in the other follow copy, and he is safe in either case. An editor on an evening paper recently wrote a head-line, “Indian and Other Legislation which were Included.” No really competent proofreader would allow this to pass uncorrected, unless as pure accident, for it is one of the clearest cases of conflicting numbers. It was legislation that was 402 THE INLAND PRINTER. passed, and the inclusion of various kinds in the log-ical subject does not alter the g-rammatical subject in number. It is an anomaly that one who can write such bad g-rammar can be a responsible editor, but he who did it is a successful editor, and he mixes his numbers in this way frequently. Another instance of this kind was the sentence in a prominent literary paper, “Almost nine months were devoted to the printing-.” Beyond question, “almost nine months” is simply one period of time, and should have the sing-ular verb. On the contrary, there is considerable dilference of opinion with reference to the g-rammatical number of such a subject as “nine months,” some considering- it merely a single period of time, as it surely is logi¬ cally, and others insisting upon preserving the grammatical agreement of mere form. Many other expressions like that just mentioned may be placed in the same category of disagreement. Such, for instance, is the naming of a sum of money in words the last of which is plural, as “ dollars,” in which case it is not uncommon to find insistence upon the use of a plural verb, as if a number of individual dollar coins were meant, which is seldom true. When the proofreader is allowed to decide these matters without question, as he might well be if his competency is fully ascer¬ tained, all is well ; but if this be not allowed, as it commonly is not, he should seek assurance that the editor or writer knows his own mind on the subject and act accordingly. When we come to advertisements, in such mat¬ ters as grammatical agreement, as well as in all other details of language, the way is easy for the proofreader who recognizes the fact that customers must be humored, for he can mostly pass an exact reproduction of errors of all sorts from copy. It is true that many newspaper publishers announce a policy of editing advertisements, but advertisers’ whims have to be allowed full sway in the majority of establishments. One newspaper is prominently in mind as this is written whose publisher makes a special point of editing advertisements, in which nevertheless very bad use of words, and bad spell¬ ing as judged by the system of the paper, must be allowed if the advertiser wishes it. Here is an instance. Advertisement copy read as follows : “The international race from Paris to Marseille and back, for horseless carriages, were won,” etc. The proofreader altered this to “Marseilles” and “was”; the advertiser, on a proof sent to him, changed it back to agree with copy, and it was so printed. Now, the name “Marseille” was right enough if wanted, being the French form; but it would be better for all concerned within the estab¬ lishment if the proofreader could correct such an expression as “the race were won,” and be sure that thus he was doing right. Otherwise he may be censured at almost any minute for doing just what such occurrences teach him to do, and lead him to judge that he is expected to do. These instances are typical of common experi¬ ence, and may afford a good hint of the reader’s safest course — namely, to change when copy is very plainly wrong, but to be careful not to take liberties. Written for Thb Inland Printer. ELECTROTYPING — THE BATTERY. no. II.— by c. s. partridge. Electrotyping as applied to the manu¬ facture of printing plates may be briefly described as follows : A mold of the object to be copied is taken in beeswax and suspended together with a plate of copper in an acidulated solution of copper sulphate. The mold is attached to the neg¬ ative pole of a battery or dynamo and the copper plate to the positive pole. The electric current passing through the bath decomposes the solution and sets the copper free on the wax mold, deposit¬ ing it in an unbroken sheet. When the copper shell has become of sufficient thickness it is removed from the mold, strengthened with a back¬ ing of soft metal, straightened, shaved, trimmed and blocked, and is then ready for the printing press. As thus described the process is apparently a simple one ; but it is, in fact, an art which de¬ mands a high degree of manipulative skill and the closest attention to detail. The electric current which makes the electro¬ type possible must be of a certain strength and tension. If too strong or too weak the deposited copper would be brittle, crystalline or spongy, and unsuitable for electrotypes. It is obvious, there¬ fore, that the source of electricity is a most impor¬ tant consideration. The dynamo is now so gener¬ ally employed for electrotyping that a detailed description of the galvanic battery would seem to be out of place were it not for the fact that there are possible conditions under which the battery may still be found useful — such, for instance, as small experimental work, the deposition of copper during the night, or under other circumstances where power for operating the dynamo is not available. In discussing the galvanic battery no effort will be made to consider the theory either of its action or the effect of the current on the solution. It will be sufficient to consider simply those facts a knowledge of which is essential to the successful practice of electrotyping. A plate of zinc and a plate of silver immersed in acidulated water and connected together with a wire will generate a cur¬ rent of electricity, and if this current is passed through a copper sulphate solution under proper conditions the solution will be decomposed. Why this is so and how it is done are matters concern¬ ing which various theories have been published in THE INLAND PRINTER. 403 books devoted to these subjects and to which the reader is respectfully referred. While a scientific education is not essential to the successful practice of the electrotyper’s art, he should possess a sufficient knowledg-e of chemistry and of the principles of electro-metallurg-y to ena¬ ble him to properly prepare and care for his solu¬ tions and to recognize the cause and apply the remedy for the difficulties which will occasionally confront him. It is essential, also, that the stu¬ dent of this subject shall become familiar with certain technical terms which are unavoidable in a discussion of the subject. The following list will be found to contain most of the words and terms peculiar to electrotyping : Positive ^late^ the active element (zinc) of the battery. Negative flate^ the inactive (silver) ele¬ ment of the battery. Positive pole, the wire attached to the silver plate by which the current leaves the battery. Negative pole, the wire at¬ tached to the zinc plate by which the current returns to the battery. Electrodes, the copper rods or wires which carry the current from the battery or dynamo to the depositing vat. Anode, the pole or plate by which the current enters the solution. Cathode, the wax mold or other surface receiving the deposit and by which the current leaves the solution. Volt, the unit of electro-motive force. Atnpere, the unit of current strength. Watt, a current of one ampere at the pressure of one volt. There is hardly any limit to the number and variety of galvanic batteries extant, but for vari¬ ous reasons the one invented by Mr. Alfred Smee and bearing his name has been found most suitable for electrotyping. When a plate of copper and a plate of zinc are immersed in acidulated water and connected together with a wire, a current of elec¬ tricity will at once begin to circulate, starting at the zinc, or positive plate ; passing through the fluid to the copper, or negative plate, and thence through the connecting wire back to the zinc. The current thus generated is at first powerful, but gradually decreases in strength and finally ceases altogether, owing partly to so-called local action in the zinc plate and partly to the adherence of hydrogen bubbles to the copper plate, which have the effect of insulating it. The local action referred to is caused by particles of other metals, such as lead and tin, which are nearly always pres¬ ent in zinc to a greater or less extent. These foreign metals form minute but independent bat¬ teries in themselves, which serve to rapidly dissolve the zinc. This local action may be minimized by amalgamating the zinc plate with mercury, which is done in the following manner : After thorough cleaning with caustic potash or dilute sulphuric acid, the zinc plate is placed in a shallow vessel and every part of its surface carefully coated with mercury mixed with a little sulphuric acid. The coating may be applied with a flannel cloth tied to a stick or in any convenient manner, and should be well rubbed in. The adherence of hydrogen bubbles to the cop¬ per plate may be prevented to a large extent by roughening its surface. Mr. Smee improved upon this plan by substituting a silver plate for the cop¬ per plate and roughening the surface of the silver by platinizing. The first cost of silver plates is considerable and platinizing is also an expensive process, but the Smee battery is so far superior to the zinc-copper battery for electrotyping that the difference in first cost is a matter of small conse¬ quence. Solid silver plates are seldom employed in the battery, heavily plated copper plates having been found to answer the purpose nearly as well. Platinizing is effected- by suspending the silver plate in a saturated solution of bichloride of plati¬ num and acidulated water in the proportion of one part solution to thirty parts water. In the same vessel opposite the silver plate is a porous cell con¬ taining sulphuric acid and water (1 to 10) with a zinc plate suspended in it. On connecting the zinc and silver plates with a wire the platinum in the solution will be deposited on the silver plate in the form of a nearly black powder, which roughens the surface of the plate and effectually prevents the adherence of hydrogen bubbles. A battery may consist of one or more sets of plates, the number and size of plates to be deter¬ mined by the amount of work to be performed. To produce the best results the surface of the zinc ele¬ ment in the battery should equal the cathode sur¬ face in the depositing bath. That is to say, if it is desired to deposit copper on four molds at one time, each one square foot in area, then the battery should contain an equal area of zinc surface ; a convenient size for the plates in a battery of this capacity would be 12 by 12 inches. A battery made up of four zinc and two silver plates, each twelve inches square, would deposit a good quality of copper over eight square feet of area. The electro-motive force of one Smee cell is suf¬ ficient to deposit copper on shallow molds, and there is, therefore, no necessity for employing more than one cell for ordinary electrotyping, but care should be taken to make the cell large enough to accommodate a sufficient number of zinc plates to equal the area of the molds in the depositing bath. In this connection it may be explained that while a strong current may be employed in electrotyping, but very little tension or electro-motive force is required, and it is well to remember that the size of the battery or the number of plates it contains, have nothing to do with its electro-motive force or the pushing power of its current. A cell of one quart capacity has the same E. M. F. as one of 100 gallons, but the strength or quantity of current 404 THE INLAND PRINTER. depends on the area of zinc surface attached. It is, therefore, essential in making up a battery for electrotyping to connect all the zinc plates to one electrode, and all the silver plates to the other. As before stated, the E. M. E. of xme cellis suffi¬ cient for ordinary electrotypiug ; but for such work as steel or nickel facing, one cell would not have sufficient power to overcome the resistance offered by the iron or nickel solutions, and it becomes nec¬ essary to couple two or more cells together by con¬ necting the zincs of one cell with the silvers of the other. In this way the power of the battery to overcome resistance is increased in proportion to the number of cells employed, but the strength of the current remains the same unless the area of zinc surface attached should also be increased. In Fig. 1 is illustrated a single-cell battery showing the electrode and cross-rods for supporting the zinc and silver plates. This cell is 18 inches long, 18 inches deep, and 16 inches wide, and is Fig. 1. Electrotype Battery. designed for four zinc and two silver plates, each 12 inches square. This battery is large enough to deposit from eight to ten feet of copper at a time. The electrodes are ^-inch copper rods, and the cross- rods are }4-inch in diameter. The vat is constructed of pine or white wood planks, bolted together, and is lined with asphaltum. To obtain satisfactory shells at a minimum ex¬ pense, the battery should receive careful attention. The zinc plates must be kept thoroughly amalga¬ mated to prevent waste. With this object in view the plates should be frequently examined, and when dark spots are observed the plate should be reamal¬ gamated. When not in action the zinc plates should always be removed from the cell. The bat¬ tery should be stirred as often as every other day to equalize the solution, which becomes dense from the addition of sulphate of zinc. A little acid and water must also be added from time to time to keep up the strength of the battery. In mixing acid and water the acid should always be added to the water, and should be done very slowly and carefully to avoid sudden heat and consequent danger of explosion. The silver plates require very little attention except an occasional washing, but should be platinized two or three times a year if in con¬ stant use. After being in action about a week the battery usually becomes so impregnated with sulphate of zinc that the addition of acid has little or no effect upon it. If the quantity of sulphate becomes excessive, it will crystallize on the positive element and entirely stop the action of the battery. When such conditions appear, it is better to throw away the contents of the battery than to attempt a remedy. {To be contmued.) Written for The Inland Printer. THE DISCOURAGEMENTS OF A TYPESETTING MACHINE INVENTOR. BY CHARLES H. COCHRANE. The general public has no conception of the amount of labor and contriving involved in the development of a typesetting machine. Even printers usually fail to realize the enormous amount of study required, and the numerous and intricate problems that must be solved before a complete mechanism can be obtained. We know in a gen¬ eral way that Mergenthaler spent twenty years in perfecting the linotype ; that Thorne was occupied nearly as long in bringing out his machine ; that the Empire mechanism was developed as the Burr machine, abandoned, taken up again and perfected by the present proprietors ; that the Rogers typo- graph people wasted half a dozen years and a lot of money in finding out that they could not buck against the Mergenthaler patents ; that the Chad¬ wick machine has been seven or eight years devel¬ oping, and has cost over $60,000, though it is by far the simplest in its conception ; that the Paige machine wrecked several men financially and almost mentally ; that the Lanston machine has been ten years developing ; and that the Sears machine peo¬ ple are not yet ready for the market, though they have been experimenting some half dozen years. These facts afford us some notion of the up-hill work necessary to perfect a commercial machine for such arduous duties as those which attend a mechanical compositor. A deeper insight into the difficulties that attend inventions of this sort was recently obtained by the writer in an interview with an unknown inventor, who several years ago devoted some study to the problem of a new machine, and after learning some of the difficulties, abandoned the attempt. The story of his endeavors was told somewhat as follows ; “About 1885 I became impressed with the idea that I could build a much simpler composing ma¬ chine than the linotype, and, having some leisure as well as mechanical experience, I set myself to work at the task. I began with a form of type¬ writer designed to impress the letters deeply into THE INLAND PRINTER. 405 a strip of paper, so as to form a matrix for a line, from which a slugf could be cast for printing-. I succeeded in desig-ning- a typewriter with a differ¬ ential feed, probably somewhat similar to that now used with the Sears typo-matrix machine, and which was recently described in The Inland Printer. “I divided the various letters and characters of the alphabet into six widths, and arrang-ed a device which would cause the paper strip to travel the proper distance for a letter, according- to which of the six widths it was desig-ned for. Having- figured out this machine on paper, and developed the draw¬ ings sufficiently to satisfy myself that it would work, I began to experiment with casting the line or slug. I impressed a line deeply in strips of paper of all sorts and qualities, and made casts from the impressions. None of them were suffi¬ ciently sharp and clear to be satisfactory, and I have since learned that Mergenthaler experi¬ mented in the same field with a like result, while other machines that proposed to indent a paper matrix proved impractical. “I at length came to the conclusion that it would be necessary to use a strip of some thin soft metal in place of the paper strip. I imagine that this same difficulty of securing a good cast from paper caused the linotype people to adopt the brass matrices now used on their machines. “ Being of the opinion that experimenting with metal strips would be a costly and tedious matter, I decided at this point to lay aside that line of research for a period, and to attack the self- justi¬ fying problem. My method of accomplishing this was to leave a space of about two ems between each word impressed on the strip. In this two-em space I formed a V-shaped pucker in the strip. When a line was completed the strip was cut off, and the strip could be contracted to the exact width of line by partially closing the V-shaped puckers. The piece of strip cut off was constructed so as to form the face of the mold. I suspect that it would have been proved very difficult to keep this puck¬ ered strip in correct position during the cast. I never figured out completely how it could be done, though I had an arrangement to experiment with as a starter. You see this was one of those things that you could not expect to get right except by patient experimenting. “When I had got thus far I switched off and designed a metal-pot, pump and mold. These were comparatively easy, but I realized that they were a good deal like those employed on the linotype, and that I might be running up against their patents. This set me to looking up Mergenthaler’s patents, and I soon found out what everybody in the trade knows since their legal victory over the Rogers Typograph, that the former concern had completely covered the idea of the use of the line as a unit in type composition. I thought of getting around this by casting two lines at a time ; also by casting single words. The first was a makeshift which would certainly prove a strong drawback to the machine if perfected, for the corrections would each involve the resetting of two lines. The cast¬ ing of words singly was a better scheme, but involved entire reconstruction of the apparatus as thus far designed. “By this time I realized that I had to solve not one but a series of intricate problems, and that a failure to solve any one of them satisfactorily in¬ volved the solving of the others all over again. I saw that to go on with the work required large financial backing, so I devoted a week to the en¬ deavor to interest some financiers. None of them showed the slightest disposition to back a needy inventor, and I therefore abandoned the struggle, realizing that although success might be obtainable along the lines which I had been studying, yet that a man with a family to support had duties more pressing than the perfection of a type-composing or line-forming machine. “A professional draftsman to whom I showed my crude drawings of the typewriter part of the mechanism expressed the opinion that he could pro¬ duce working drawings of that part of the device in from six to twelve months. I never learned what metal or alloy would have been most suitable for use as impression strips, or whether the cost of such when found might not render the whole scheme impracticable. I have never been sorry that I quit the research, and my experience and the drawings I made are at the service of anybody who desires to go ahead and work out the inven¬ tion.” Here the interview closed, and it may not be out of place to remark that the inventor in question made a business success in other and more prom¬ ising fields. His experience is given here as a matter of some general interest, and not for the purpose of deterring others from entering the field of invention. I believe that there are inventors yet to come who will improve and simplify the type- composing machines, much as typewriters have been developed, and that some day there will be a composing machine made which will not be greatly more complex than the modern typewriter. I believe this because inventors, as a class, are unde¬ terred by troubles, set-backs and misfortunes. They delight in striving after that which is well- nigh impossible, and it is only necessary to tell them that a thing is particularly difficult, and they immediately take an interest in trying to solve the problem. So we may expect to see new typeset¬ ting machines, operating on new lines, in spite of all the discouragements and failures which mark the course of inventors of these complicated mechanisms. THE INLAND PRINTER. 407 Published Monthly by THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 212-214 Monroe Street, Chicago, U. S. A. Henry O. Shepard, President. C. F. Whitmarsh, Secretary. A. W. Rathbdn, Treasurer. New York Office : No. ISO Nassau street, corner of Sprue Edmund H. Morse, Manager. VoL. XIX. JULY, 1897. No. 4. The Inland Printer is issued promptly on the first of each month, and will spare no endeavor to furnish valuable news and information to those interested professionally or incidentally in printing, engraving, electro¬ typing, stereotyping, bookbinding, and in the paper and stationery trades. Persons connected with any of these lines will confer a favor by sending news from their section of the country pertaining to the above trades, par¬ ticularly individual theories and experiences of practical value. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. Two Dollars per annum in advance ; one dollar for six months in ad¬ vance ; sample copies, twenty cents each. Subscriptions may be sent by express, draft, money order or registered letter. Do not send checks on local banks ; send draft on New York or Chicago. Make all remittances free of exchange, and payable to The Inland Printer Company. Currency forwarded in unregistered letters will be at sender’s risk. Postage stamps are not desirable, but if neces¬ sary to remit them, one-cent stamps are preferred. Foreign Subscriptions.— To countries within the postal union, postage prepaid, two dollars and ninety-six cents, or twelve shillings, per annum, in advance. Make foreign money orders payable to H. O. Shepard. No foreign postage stamps or postal notes accepted, and no attention will be paid to postal-card requests for free samples. ADVERTISING RATES Furnished on application. The value of The Inland Printer as an advertising medium is unquestioned. The character of the advertisements now in its columns, and the number of them, tell the whole story. Circulation consid¬ ered, it is the cheapest trade journal in the United States to advertise in. Advertisements, to insure insertion in the issue of any month, should reach this office not later than the twentieth of the month preceding. In order to protect the interests of purchasers, advertisers of novelties, advertising devices, and all cash-with-order goods, are required to satisfy the management of this journal of their intention to honestly fulfill the offers in their advertisements, and to that end samples of the thing or things advertised must accompany the application for advertising space. The Inland Printer reserves the right to reject any advertisement for cause. THE INLAND PRINTER may be obtained at retail, and subscriptions will be received by all newsdealers and type founders throughout the United States and Canada. Patrons will confer a favor by sending us the names of responsible newsdealers who do not keep it on sale. FOREIGN AGENTS. M. P. McCoy, 54 Farringdon Road, London, England. Alex. Cowan & Sons (Limited), General Agents, Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide, Australia, and Dunedin, New Zealand. F. T. Wimble & Co., 87 Clarence street, Sydney, N. S, W. G. Hedeler, Grimmaischer Steinweg 3, Leipsic, Germany. 9ln ben- jelben flnb au(Jb otle Slnftogen unb SlufttSae Snjerhon betreffenb ju riebten. BUSINESS EXTENSION AND COMPETITION. ERY vig'orous protests are being- made by the so-called “middle classes” against the mo¬ nopolistic tendency of the times. Laws have been made as a means of protection against the acquisi¬ tiveness of the capitalist, but so far without much effect. Everyone recognizes the danger which lies in the curbing of the spirit of commercial enter¬ prise, and it is exceedingly difficult to determine the line of demarkation between the legitimate exten¬ sion of business into a variety of lines and the acquirement of a number of branches of trade under one management to economize expenses and cut prices below legitimate values to destroy the small trader financially. The people will buy in the cheapest market, and to the bargain-hunting spirit the department store most largely owes its success. The tendency to branch into other lines is noticeable in the trades associated with printing. Bookbinders have put in large printing plants, printers have added engraving plants, and engrav¬ ers have added printing and bookbinding plants. That the competitors who have chosen these new fields have stirred up considerable jealousy is undoubted, but they have sustained no loss of respect, for they have come squarely forward in the fight for new ground. There is a reprehensible practice, however, which should be condemned : that of keeping the new department under cover in order that competition may not blow too keenly upon it. Business extension is legitimate, but secret and furtive competition which takes from the printer with one hand and stabs him with the other is as contemptible as it is certain of reprisal. PRIZES FOR SINGLE SPECIMENS OF JOBWORK. AS announced last month. The Inland Printer is desirous of encouraging the efforts of printers, particularly in the country, in the produc¬ tion of good and tasteful jobwork. One of the means found to be of material assistance to this end is the awarding of prizes. While it is almost impossible to arrange a competition and give all an equal opportunity, there are some equalizing cir¬ cumstances that should be considered by the com¬ petitors who think themselves at a disadvantage. The country printer, with his oftentimes limited material, declares that his city competitor has advantages over him in having at his disposal the greater variety of type faces and other facilities, while in rebuttal the city printer holds that the great variety of material, etc., he is supposed to have is largely in the imagination of the country printer, and that in any case, supposing he has the advantages alleged, the country printer is more than compensated by the greater liberty of action he almost invariably enjoys, and by opportunities given him by his employer to make his efforts suc¬ cessful. However true these contentions may be, it is believed that a competent printer can detect the extent of skill shown in a specimen whatever the materials may be, though such considerations as hurry, etc., are out of the question. The terms of the competition The Inland Printer now lays before its readers invites from each printer, employe or employer, a single specimen of his work which 408 THE INLAND PRINTER. he considers representative or creditable to him. These specimens must not be books or pamphlets, but of such form of .jobwork as cards, bill-heads, advertisements, title-pag-es, cover pag-es, etc., suit¬ able for reproduction, and if in colors a duplicate in black ink on white paper must also be sent. By this means it is believed an equal chance will be g-iven to all competitors. The specimens must be mailed fiat in boards, and addressed direct to Ed S. Ralph, the Winters Company, Springfield, Ohio, who will judge the specimens on their merits. The specimens will be received up to August 30, 1897, and the decision will be announced in the October number of The Inland Printer. The name and office address of each competitor must be plainly marked on a card with each specimen, and the package must be marked “ for competition.” Two specimens only will be received from each office, one from the employer and one from an employe. This is important, and the employes or employer in each office must decide who shall enter the competi¬ tion from their particular office. The prizes to be awarded are as follows : First Prize . $15 cash Second Prize . . 10 “ Third Prize . 5 “ Consolation prizes, twenty yearly subscriptions to The Inland Printer. like to know if copy is to be followed, what about capitalizing, italicising, punctuation, and perhaps a few other things, to answer which would take a few minutes, save many hours, many dollars, and much vexation. ESTIMATING AND PROOFREADING. IN a paper read before the Printers’ Technical Club, of Oakland, California, recently, the author, Mrs. E. H. Snow, had much to say of the unnecessary burdens placed upon proofreaders by indifference or thoughtlessness of the editors, fore¬ men, and fellow-employes, emphasis being placed not so much on the loss to the proofreaders as on the loss to the office, by exposing the proofroom to the risk of error and of spoiling work. Any place is usually considered good enough for the proof¬ room. In the old days a printing office just had to be dirty, dark and unsanitary. We have partly got over that, but the proofroom seems to straggle along in the rear. Find a place in the office where every noise resounds like a drum, where the presses can be heard, and where the echo of the stoneman’s mallet reverberates, where the sun shines in a blinding glare or it is as dark as twilight — this is the place for the proofroom. There is a queer sort of collusion seemingly to keep the proofreader in the dark about style on work. As a rule there are several expensive balks on style before a job of any extent can be started. The man who makes esti¬ mates in the business office usually has an itemized book — a “ tickler” — to remind him of the questions he should ask the customer. There is no doubt if the estimator, in making up his book of questions, were to confer with the proofreader he would add to the list of things desirable to know. He would AN OPPORTUNITY FOR PRESSMEN AND FEEDERS. The stimulating offer of $1,500 in gold as pre¬ miums for superior presswork to pressmen and feeders operating the “ Century ” presses will undoubtedly bring to the Campbell Company an exhibit of the workings of the “Century” press in the hands of printers throughout the country that will prove instructive and interesting to all printers, and of good advertising value to the com¬ pany itself. The particulars of the contest or tournament are given in the June issue of The Inland Printer on pages 250 and 251, and in pages 366 and 367 of the present issue. Competi¬ tions in the printing trade have heretofore been confined almost exclusively to the composing room, and the pressroom so far has had but little encour¬ agement. Reputations mean money in these times, so it must be remembered that the prizes offered by the Campbell Company, generous though they are, represent much more than the mere cash value to the recipients. The prize-winners will go far to establish a reputation for superior excellence in their craft, and it is safe to say that the Campbell Company will not let the victors modestly hide their light under a bushel. CO-OPERATION OF EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYE. AN employer of union labor writing to The /A. Inland Printer, makes the suggestion that the employers who keep their contracts with the unions are virtually discriminated against in the fact that while they are forbidden to employ other than members of the unions, their competitors who own “open offices” are at liberty to employ who they list, and have in their employ union as well as nonunion labor, the latter procurable at a much lower wage than the former. The law of equity is not observed in this rule of the unions, and it must be admitted that if nonunion men are debarred employment in union offices, union men should not be permitted to work in nonunion offices. While at first consideration it may seem that this proposition seeks to encumber the unions in their efforts to extend their propaganda, further thought will dis¬ close the need for such procedure. The trade in all its branches is being cut to pieces by competition and the most dangerous and reckless of the com¬ petitors are the so-called open offices, to which the unions pander. With the aid of a varied class of labor which can be selected at will,, and which may be had at wages gauged on the eagerness of the necessitous for employment, the “open office” is a formidable competitor of the employer who must THE INLAND PRINTER 409 look only to the unions for his workmen and at a fixed minimum wage for all and sundry. This of itself would be deemed a heavy enough handicap, but the unions go further, and where higher skill is needed, the nonunion office is not deprived of this aid to get over any difficulties, either in shortage of hands or in need for a higher grade of skill. It is admitted that the unions have a grave problem before them in finding employment for their mem¬ bers, but there is little doubt that their procedure with respect to “open ” and union offices will bring a reaction detrimental to themselves, for reasons which must be apparent to all. The employers, whether owners of union or nonunion offices, have their own society, the typothetae, and labor in its name to bring about reforms of abuses, chiefest among them being the decline of prices. The typothetae has no power over its members, how¬ ever. Its suggestions, voted on and adopted, its agreements, signed and recorded, are in no way made imperative. Each member is a free agent, simply because no means of discipline exists. The coalition of the typothetae and the trade union is the solution of the price-cutting question, as well as of all other unfair practices. A board of trade, made up of employers and employes, in each city, which would receive and advise on all complaints of unfair dealing of employers or employes, would solve the impotency of the typothetae. The cooper¬ ation of the employer and the employe for the preservation of the trade is necessary, and the present tendency demands that some such measure be speedily adopted. MACHINERY AND ITS BENEFITS, inquirer asks of The Inland Printer to _£\_ settle a dispute by answering if there are as many men employed in the manufacture of type¬ setting machinery as are displaced by the use of the machines. Obviously not. The question is in line with the stock argument that the history of the introduction of labor-saving machinery shows that benefits have invariably resulted to all con¬ cerned. This is on the theory of the man taking medicine, that if a little is good a great deal is better. It is not supposedly in the line of progress to offer a criticism against the benefits which it is thought accrue to the world by the increasing use of machinery. It is, however, the better part to face conditions fairly, for as Mr. Cleveland would say, “ It is a condition, not a theory, that confronts us.” Bishop Potter, in his address on the occasion of the bicentennial of Trinity Church, New York, asserted that machinery is doing away with in¬ telligence in labor. He has been criticised very adversely and sweepingly for this. In some classes of work there is no doubt that the use of machinery has made the workman’s duties a matter of routine, and thus far Bishop Potter is correct. Where a machine requires an operator of high intelligence, the grade of the workman is elevated certainly, but then the high-grade operator sends perhaps half a dozen of his former bench fellows out of work entirely. Where do these go ? What becomes of them ? And if we carry the idea of the beneficent order of things brought about by machinery to its rational conclusion, and the labor of the workmen of the world is to be cut down to, say, one-tenth, where are the others going to get bread ? The control of machinery is naturally in the hands of those who have money to develop and advance it, and to them alone, and justly, belongs the increase. Thus we have another agency to prevent the rational distribution of money, a powerful influence forcing the money into fewer hands, to the detri¬ ment of the country generally. As for the art crafts, take, for instance, the woodworker. The artist woodworker is becoming a thing of the past. He puts the stuff together that the machine turns out. The designer gives him the patterns and he feeds them to the machine. The day of handcraft is dead, and say what we will, machinery has killed it. The Irishman said to the steam shovel, “Yez can take my job, but begorra yez can’t vote.” True enough, but the money it brings or saves may abort the vote of the displaced workman. EDUCATION OF APPRENTICES AND JOURNEYMEN. N the issue of May IS of the Typographical Journal^ Mr. C. S. O. Boudreault, of Ottawa, Canada, urges upon the typographical unions the need of greater care in looking after the interests of apprentices and making arrangements for their proper apprenticeship and education in the trade, suggesting also that the cooperation of proprietors be invited to that end. In the same number of the Journal a correspondent in Memphis, Tennessee, has this to say : “ Come to think, if a fellow would only put in three hours each night in the year at some business college, instead of a barroom, for a couple of years, it would be much cheaper from a financial point of view, more pleasant amusement (after he got used to it), would be more conducive to the health of body and soul, and by far greater improvement of the mind (?). Of course he would fall behind in the mighty race for jags, but could soon catch up. Let’s try it a year or two, just for luck.” In the issue of May 1, of the same publication, Mr. Hugh Wallace, of Buffalo, New York, in a well-considered article urges the needs of workmen for a better equipment educationally, and points to the technical club plan as the most direct means of securing such education as will give the workman a reliable grasp of all the details that go to make up the various processes of modern printing. “The printer,” writes Mr. Wallace, “ought to paste in his hat the fact that the time is close at 410 THE INLAND PRINTER. hand when there will be no straight matter set by hand, ... If the printer would feel that he will always be able to make a living at his trade he must, in addition to his specialty, have a good theoretical knowledge of everything connected with the business. It is generally admitted that such knowledge cannot be obtained under the present system, and the technical club would seem to be a necessity, if the printer is to maintain his reputation of being the happy medium between artist and mechanic. In Great Britain the print¬ ers’ technical clubs are of such importance that the city governments of London, Liverpool and Edin¬ burgh aid them financially. In this country there are a few, singularly enough, in the smaller cities, where the apprentice generally gets a more thor¬ ough training than in the larger ones. Some of the unions in the larger cities — Chicago, Cincinnati and Philadelphia among them — from motives of compassion rather than education, have taken a step in this direction by renting linotypes and teaching their members to operate them. This plan is too expensive for any but the very large unions, and too limited in scope to be of general benefit. If the standard of workmanship is too low, the technical club can be made the means of supplying the deficiency in the training of the apprentice, and be of much value in keeping the journeyman up to date.” These are encouraging utterances, and go to show the determination of the members of the craft to work out the problems of the changing methods of printing. The technical clubs so far have been more successful in the smaller towns, but recently in Buffalo, New York, Mr. S. V. Gal¬ vin has been successful in perfecting an organiza¬ tion with some fifty members. An organization of a similar character has been attempted in Chicago but has not met with much encouragement. It is presumed, however, that efforts will be made to give it vitality in the near future. The lack of interest in this form of trade club is natural in the large cities, but it will be overcome. With the aid of the educational institutions a varied and valu¬ able series of programmes may be prepared, and the theories of color and of design, etc., explained by competent lecturers, will go far to modify the “printing office talks” that occasionally grow a little wearisome to many. ABOUT INLAND PRINTER ADVERTISING. We wish to express our surprise in the amount of return we have received from our ad. in your pages, and say that the standing of those that inquire is far above the ordinary run of such replies. Besides this, the number is not only large, for the hard times, but the letters increase, and all mention The Inland Printer. If all your patrons are as well served no paper equals yours. We hope that any time you desire a word as to the merits of your pages you will call on ns— Loving Coes & Co., Worcester, Massachusetts. Written for The Inland Printer. DRAWING FOR PRINTERS.* NO. IV. — BV ERNEST KNATJFFT, Editor of the Art Student and Director of the Chautauqua Society of Fine Arts. IF I have been successful in making every point clear in my foregoing chapters the reader now has such a knowledge of the art of drawing as will enable him to understand, (1) the power of an out¬ line, and (2) to realize that one may become a tolerable draftsman if he will train his eye to see the outline of an object as if marked upon a pane of glass — that is, reduced to one plane ; and he realizes, more¬ over, that (3) this learning to see ”^Ornamenr^' things in One plane involves some, Desig-nedby knowledge of perspective, of which Eugene Grasset. more anon ; but for the present let us leave outline and take up another branch of the subject. In the Luque cartoon the helmet is repre¬ sented in a new form. The careful observer will see instantly that it differs materially from the hel¬ met in the Don Chisciotte cartoon. (Given with Part III.) Let us make an analysis of this difference. I contemplated no pun wffien I wrote of a material From La Caricature. difference. Yet, that is the main point of contrast. We guess that the helmet of the major domo in the Don Chisciotte is metal, but we only guess it. We argue that the Romans wore metal helmets, hence we fancy this is one ; but outline rarely in¬ dicates texture (we mean by texture the material of an object — wood, wool, stone, linen, etc.) or color. But in the Luque we are very sure that the helmet is of black leather. True, we surmise this only, * Copyrighted, 1897, by Ernest Knaufft. All rights reserved. THE INLAND PRINTER. 411 because we know that modern helmets are apt to be either metal or black patent leather, and this one is too dark for metal, and the high light upon it is just like the white light on a black patent leather helmet. (When the light falls on a rounded object there is nearly always one place upon it where the light strikes, creating a white light — no matter what the color of the object — which artists call the high light. This is always more apparent upon highly polished objects than upon rough objects.) Now 5’ou see in the Luque we have a very dif¬ ferent kind of drawing from a pure outline like the Don Chisciotte^ or a silhouette like the Grasset. In such drawing the outline is only the framework ; after it is put in, the labor is by no means over ; to the contrary, every bit of surface has to be cov¬ ered with an appropriate tint, and two different considerations decide how light or how heavy this tint shall be : first, the consideration of light and shade ; secondly, local color. When the artist put a dark mass under Crispi’s mustache he did not mean to suggest that Crispi had been eating black¬ berry jam, or that he had a negro’s lower lip, but he meant to represent the strong shadow that a thick mustache throws upon a lower lip when the light comes from above; in doing this he noted a “thrown shadow.” When, however, he made the dark line on the lower part of the chin he did not mean to suggest that the upper part of the chin threw a shadow on the lower part, but he repre¬ sented the part of the chin that rounds under the jaw; this is called a “modeling shadow.” (A circle may represent a ring, or a disk — as in the medal inscribed Literis et Artihus in the Fallstrom — or a sphere ; but without shading it is said not to have modeling ; and if it is intended for a sphere, it can only suggest a sphere. To make it fully rep¬ resent one, we shade it ; then it is positively not a ring, nor a disk, if the shading is properly done. This shading gives it rotundity, or bulk, and this bulk we designate as modeling.) When Luque makes the part of the visor of the helmet to our right darker than the part to our left and leaves a light between, he also models — that is, rep¬ resents modeling or rotundity ; but when he makes both the shaded side and the light side dark, and also makes Crispi’s coat black, then he is said to represent local color. Here you see we have a very advanced form of drawing, and a form I should not advise you to employ in your early efforts to do professional work ; if you essay to make a cartoon for your paper, I should advise you to confine yourself to outline or silhouette. But in order that you may fully understand a drawing which at first appears to be outline, but which upon examination turns out to be partly shaded, I have introduced in these first chapters this question of modeling and local color. We have pointed out (Part II) that Engstrom sometimes uses pure outline, sometimes outline and silhouette, and sometimes outline, silhouette and shading. His “Fallstrom,” published with this chapter, is without silhouette effect, but is in outline, shading and local color. The medal referred to is a piece of pure outline. Ordinarily, when an artist draws a thing of this kind — a but¬ ton, a policeman’s badge, etc. — he makes the lower line a little heavier than the rest so as to suggest the shadow the object throws upon the coat ; but Eng¬ strom has omitted this. In the nose, however, we have not pure outline, but a distinct broadening of the line under the nose gives the same suggestion of its protruding and of its throw¬ ing a shadow as does Crispi’s mustache in Luque’s drawing. In the hat, moreover, we have both modeling — very good modeling, too — and local color. You should be reminded that Engstrom is a caricaturist, and takes liberties with the art of drawing as well as with his sub¬ jects. The example we gave with Part I, his own portrait, was a strsm. perfectly consistent drawing, all pure outline ; so was the “Hedin” (Part H), because silhouette goes perfectly well with outline. But to model a hat as fully as in this “Fallstrom” drawing, so that under its rim is a shadow, and yet not have it throw a suggestion of a shadow upon the man’s head, is most inconsistent drawing — permitted the caricaturist only. If you were making such a study from nature you would surely see a thrown shadow on the head and you should put it in. While I say you should not employ shading and local color to any great extent in your early work, yet you may study the theory of it so as to use it sparingly, and that study is best pursued by putting on a table a group of objects of different colors and textures ; put a white box beside a brown book, an ink bottle beside a glass, a teacup beside a brown stone jug, and draw each object in relation to the others. Make your ink bottle blacker than your brown jug, but note that both have distinct high lights upon them. The white box will probably not have a high light upon it, but one side of it may be all light, while the corresponding side of the brown book will be darkish, though lighter than its side in shadow. (I suppose that you place your table near a window so that the light from it falls on one side of the objects, the other side being in shadow ; this is the best arrangement for objects studied for their light and shade. Do not have light come from other windows.) You, 412 THE INLAND PRINTER. therefore, in your drawing-, have white paper to represent the lig-ht side of the box, but you put on a slig-ht tint to represent the lig-ht side of the brown book. The ink bottle you will treat very much like Luque’s helmet ; black as it is there will be a streak of white upon it — sometimes hig-h lig^hts, sometimes reflection of the window as seen in a mirror. If the cover of the box throws a line of Typographical Ornament. Desig-ned by Eugene Grasset. shadow upon the side of the box, because it pro¬ jects a little, you will instantly recog-nize that that is the same kind of a thrown shadow as Luque put under Crispi’s mustache and Eng-strom put under Fallstrom’s nose. Some study of this kind will soon train your eye to see the reason of spots of light and dark in artists’ drawing-s. (7b be couii/med.) Written for The Inland Printer. MECHANICAL PROCESSES ON MODERN NEWS¬ PAPERS. BY GEORGE FRENCH. Perhaps there has never been a period in the history of newspaper-making- so laden with g-reat probabilities for the mechanical future of that g-reat business as the present. There are in New York two g-reat newspapers, each owned by one man and each able to command almost unlimited resources. They are the Journal and the World. They are striving- to distance each other in circulation and in power, and the fact that their rivalry takes very keen account of every possible advantage to be gained by the employment of the best and latest machinery in all departments makes their performance of unusual interest and value. Any machine, device or idea that promises more papers per hour, better stereotype plates or faster production of them, better printing, novel color effects, or any improvement likely to facilitate pro¬ duction in any way, is sure of a welcome and a trial. The Journal has led, and has shown a bolder intention to challenge revolution. It had scarcely gotten an adequate battery of presses installed when Hoe was required to build a full complement of sextuples with color attachments. Some of these are now installed, and when the whole order is completed it will be possible to produce nearly half a million papers of any size up to sixteen pages per hour, with one page or several pages printed in from three to seven colors. This will enable the Journal., if it chooses, to use colored cartoons for its morning and evening editions each day, without any delay or much additional ex¬ pense ; and it can put one or more pages of adver¬ tising in colors. It is probable that the Evening Journal will be the chief beneficiary of the color scheme, and that it will be confined to a daily car¬ toon or illustrative feature. Half-tone work is being experimented with by both these papers. It has been successfully pro¬ duced by some of the papers with comparatively small circulations, but their success means nothing when editions of from a quarter to half a million are to be dealt with. Paper and ink and speed are elements that have to control the engraving depart¬ ment, as well as be reckoned with in the business office. A half-tone plate that will endure the test of a 25,000 edition is of very little value for a 300,- 000 edition ; and while a half cent a pound addi¬ tional for white paper and 3 or 4 cents per pound additional for ink might not daunt the manager of the 25,000 circulation newspaper at 2 or 3 cents per copy it would be pretty sure to give the manager of the 300,000 circulation newspaper at 1 cent per copy a rather anxious quarter of an hour. Never¬ theless, the half-tone is sure to get into these big newspapers. The Journal is just installing one special half-tone press, and purposes to give a half¬ tone section with its Sunday issue. Not only a press, but complete apparatus and machinery for the production of the best work possible, including many special devices and modifications suggested by experimentation that has been going on for months. Several of the Journal presses are run by the direct electric motor principle, this ‘being the pio¬ neer experiment on a large scale. Before the Journal gave orders to equip some of its presses with these motors, the idea had scarcely been developed to the extent of attacking a perfecting A Study in Black and White. [The Home for Destitute Crippled Children, at 46 Park avenue, Chicag-o, is doing a most charitable work in caring for unfortunate children. The two here presented are inmates of that institution, the photograph being by Mr. X. O. Howe, whose gallery is near by, and who delights in “snapping” the children who wander into his studio on tours of investigation into the mysteries of the photographic art.] THE INLAND PRINTER. 413 newspaper press, but it Is now reduced to an ordi¬ nary electrical problem, and its possibilities are revealed to be g-reater than had been either hoped or claimed. In operating- its presses, the Journal's expert mechanics have made many departures from custom and usual practice, all in the line of better work or more rapid work, and many of them iCEAd 3KETCHE5 Poster Design by Ethel W. Mumford. involving- a bold rejection of that which had previ¬ ously been reg-arded as like unto the laws of the Medes and the Persians. Enumeration of these improvements is not possible, nor would it be alto- g-ether just, since while there are various patents there are also many thing-s of g-reat value which cannot be patented. The press development of the World has been different from that of the Journal, but of interest and value. It has been in the line of perfecting- color work, testing- the practical value of the octuple form, and the production of “freak” effects, such as the printing- of double-pag-e pic¬ tures. The octuple presses turn out papers very fast, but it takes time to dress them with plates and necessitates a big- force of men in the stereo¬ type room. Practical newspaper men are inclined to regard them with little favor. It is thought that the press most likely to retain its place in big pressrooms is the quadruple. It is quickly dressed, and begins to produce papers long before either the sextuple or the octuple can be started ; it is easily handled and easily driven, requires a much smaller crew, and is a good worker. “To multi¬ ply product, multiply quads,” is likely to be the order in the big pressrooms of the immediate future, but it has not yet been issued fi'om the office of the manager of the World. A study of the progress made by these two newspapers, in the mechanical processes of news¬ paper-making, during the past twelve months reveals advances that are in the nature of strides forward, and the improvement has been all along the line, from linotype to press. Such a review is additional, but not new, evidence of the capacity of American mechanics when properly encouraged. THE JAPANESE ART IMPULSE. There is no doubt that the opening of the Japanese ports to Western commerce, whatever its after effects — including its effects upon the art of Japan itself — has had an enor¬ mous influence on European and American art. Japan is, or was, a country very much — as regards its arts and handi¬ crafts, with the exception of architecture — in the condition of a European country in the Middle Ages, with wonder¬ fully skilled artists and craftsmen in all manner of work of the decorative kind, who were under the influence of a free and informal naturalism. Here at least was a living art of the people, in which traditions and craftsmanship were unbroken, and the results full of attractive variety, quick¬ ness, and naturalistic force. What wonder that it took the Western artists by storm, and that its effects have become so patent, though not alwa3-s happj% ever since. We see unmistakable traces of Japanese influences, however, almost everywhere — from the Parisian impressionist painter to the Japanese fan in the corner of trade circulars, which shows it has been adopted as a stock printer’s ornament. We see it in the sketchy blots and lines, and vignetted naturalistic flowers which are sometimes offered as page decorations, notably in American magazines and fashionable etchings. In the absence of any really noble architecture or sub¬ stantial constructive sense, the Japanese artists are not safe guides as designers. They may be able to throw a spray of leaves or a bird or fish across a blank panel or sheet of paper, drawing them with such consummate skill and cer¬ tainty that it may delude us into the belief that it is decora¬ tive design ; but if an artist of less skill essays to do the like the mistake becomes obvious. Granted they have a decorative sense, the finesse which goes to the placing of a flower in a pot, of hanging a garland on a wall, or of plac¬ ing a mat or a fan — taste, in short, that is a different thing from real constructive power of design, and satisfactory filling of spaces. When we come to their books, therefore, marvelous as they are, and full of beauty and suggestion — apart from their naturalism, grotesquerie, and humor — they do not furnish fine examples, of page decoration as a rule. The fact that their text is written vertically, however, must be allowed for. This, indeed, converts their page into a panel, and their printed books become rather what we should consider sets of designs for decorating light panels, and extremely charming as such. — Walter Crane, in his new work on Book Decoration. Immense shipments of paper-mill machinery have just been made to Japan. One hundred tons of turbines were sent from Dayton, Ohio, twenty-three carloads of paper machines from Hamilton, Ontario, and ten additional car¬ loads from the East. The total weight of the shipment was 1,600,000 pounds. It goes by way of Chicago, St. Paul, and Seattle, where the steamer Sahura Maru will carry it to Yokohama. The machines will run on news paper at the rate of 400 to 500 feet per minute with a combined capacity of 140,000 pounds daily. 4-4 THE INLAND PRINTER. 415 While our columns are always open for the discussion of any relevant subject, we do not necessarily indorse the opinions of contributors. Anony¬ mous letters will not be noticed ; therefore correspondents will please ^ive names — not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. All letters of more than 1,000 words wiU be subject to revision. TECHNICAL CLUBS AND THE TYPOTHETAE. To the Editor ; Rockford, III., June 11, 1897. The favor with which the idea of organizing technical clubs in the craft has been received by printers, and the progress made in adding to the membership of the few clubs of this character already formed, has been to some extent gratifying when all the circumstances are carefully taken into account. It is undeniable, however, that there is a disposition toward the interest in the meetings flagging, and how to sustain this interest is the problem which con¬ fronts the energetic spirits who are striving to make this form of organization the success it should be. The National Typothetje of America, which meets in Nashville, Tennes¬ see, next October, might profitably take the encouragement of these clubs into consideration and devise some means of meeting the efforts of the workmen half way, as I believe is done by the employers in Great Britain. Progress. THAT HYGROMETRIC DIFFICULTY — A REPLY TO MR. HARDING. To the Editor : Mediapolis, Iowa, June 8, 1897. Under the heading of “ A Hygrometric Difficulty,” R. Coupland Harding gives a history of a peculiar trouble which he encountered in 1866, saying he has never yet found the cause or a remedy. I have a bit of experience in the same line. In the summer of 1868 I was employed in an office in Western Illinois, and was engaged in printing the city charter and ordinances in book form. The body was set in brevier type that had been used in newspaper work and was in fairly good condition. But there was a great deal of rain and hot sunshine, and the atmosphere was filled with steam-like humidity. The type refused to work, and I encountered the same spot-spreading trouble described by your correspondent. Among other experi¬ ments, I tried beating the forms with wads of cotton or linen cloth. In doing this I discovered that wherever I touched the clean places on the form with an inky cloth that the ink adhered to the type. I then procured a piece of fine Irish linen and wrapped my rollers tightly, stitching the seams so as to leave little or no unevenness. Then and there I found the cause and the remedy. The cause was the moisture that adhered to the face of the type. The linen fiber absorbed this moisture at once, and allowed the ink to be retained on the smooth metallic surface. I have no doubt that Mr. Harding’s trouble was very similar, and the same remedy would have given him relief. J. W. Merrill. THE ORIGINAL COLORS. To the Editor : Milwaukee, Wis., June 6, 1897. How many colors are there? This question is often asked me, and puts me in a very embarrassing position. There are thousands of colors, and they have not all been made or discovered yet. Red, yellow and blue are called the original colors, because we can make a greater number of colors by mixing them in certain proportions than with any other three colors. And we get a greater variety of colors by printing them over one another than with any other three colors. Young and Helmholtz both agree that red, green, and violet are the original colors. Other writers on color say that red, green and blue are the original colors. The red, yellow and blue theory was advo¬ cated by Sir David Brewster, and it has been almost univer¬ sally accepted by printers, lithographers and painters. What would we do without yellow, the most luminous color there is, if we did not accept the red, yellow and blue theory ? We cannot make yellow with any other colors, either by mixing them together or by printing them over one another. It is almost impossible nowadays for printers or lithographers to turn out pictures or jobs with three or more colors on them without the use of yellow in some form. Most all colors and coloring matters which occur in nature — in plants, animals, iijsects, fruits, flowers, and trees, and from which dyes are made — are for the most part either red, yellow or blue. Only two green coloring matters occur in nature, one called chlorophyl, the substance to which the green color of leaves is owing, and the other Chinese green. The latter is stated to be a peculiar substance, not, as might be supposed, a mixture of a blue and a green coloring matter. James G. Brazell. PROOFREADERS, RAILROAD CLERKS AND CRITICS. To the Editor ; Chicago, June 4, 1897. In the May number of The Inland Printer, on page 188, in the department of “Proofroom Notes and Queries,” Mr. Teall takes occasion to criticise the punctuation of a railroad freight tariff, and I desire to take up the cudgel in defense of the reader (whoever he may be) whose work is under fire. Having had several years’ experience in reading railroad work, I am aware, as, possibly, Mr. Teall is not, that the average railroad man is somewhat weak on punctu¬ ation and orthography, but that makes no difference, and if he concludes that a comma, or any other mark of punctua¬ tion, would look well in any certain — or uncertain — place, it is forthwith marked there, and the proofreader changes it at his peril. On one occasion copy for a tariff of about forty pages was brought into the office where I was reading, and the gentleman having it in charge stated that we were to “follow copy with regard to the punctuation, whether you think it is correct or not.” The copy was followed, but the punctuation was fearful and wonderful. The object was to make the meaning obscure, allowing the railroad com¬ panies to interpret it either way that the exigencies of each particular case might make desirable — for them. Mr. Teall proceeds upon the theory that sheep alone are carried in double-decked cars, when, in fact, both sheep and hogs are so transported, as will appear from the follow¬ ing excerpt from a railroad tariff giving weights of each kind of stock : Cars 31 feet and under: Cattle . 19,000 lbs. Hogs, double-deck . 19,000 “ Sheep, double-deck . 19,000 “ Hogs, single-deck . 15,000 “ Sheep', single-deck . 10,000 “ Such being the case the gentleman is wrong in his punctua¬ tion of the line “ Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep D. D.” Omit the comma after hogs and insert the conjunction after the comma following cattle, when the sentence will be correctly constructed and will read thus: “Cattle, and Hogs and Sheep D. D.” This, however, would not be “railroad English,” and the proofreader who attempted to translate the copy furnished by railroad companies, through their tariff clerks, into ordinary everyday English, would find that he had stirred up a hornets’ nest, and would be roundly censured by the foreman, if not by his employer and the aforesaid self-important tariff clerk, who, in one 416 THE INLAND PRINTER. instance within my own knowledge, is a gentleman of the mature age of eighteen or nineteen years, who defies all rules of grammar, punctuation and orthography, and still has the assurance to write upon the proofs that “ we want the corrections made in proofs exactly as marked.” In such cases the proofreader has no alternative, and as the aforesaid corrections have generally been made before the reader knows of their existence, he must, perforce, bottle up his wrath, and, in the elegant language of the day, “ let ’er go,” regardless of the fact that an error which is allowed to pass, either on account of lack of time to make the correction, or in pursuance of instructions from the foreman, will rise up to vex his soul at every turn in the future. R. D. Watts. ARTISTS AND COPYISTS. To the Editor : Chicago, June 7, 1897. Some time ago you called attention in your columns to the liberties engraving houses and others took with designs shown in various publications, in many instances appro¬ priating these bodily and using them as entirely original. We recently received a copy of the Atlanta Constitution of May 31, containing the ad. of the Gate City Engraving Com¬ pany. The design looked so familiar that we turned back to a copy of The Inland Printer for May, 1896, and found that the firm had not only zinc-etched our border design, simply changing the year from 1896 to 1897, but had even gone so far as to use the wording of the ad., adapting it to suit its own needs. It is bad enough for parties to zinc-etch designs, but when they appropriate a whole ad., as these people have done, it seems as if it was carrying things a little too far. That they should make mention of designs that “ had the merits of originality and good taste,” is some¬ what amusing to one who knows how original the design is. We hand you herewith the two ads. for 3'our inspection. The J. W. Butler Paper Company. PICTURES OF THE NUDE NOT NECESSARILY IMPURE. To the Editor : Lee Center, III., April 19, 1897. In regard to the matter complained of by “Decency” and Mr. Gowdy, I think that if the subjects were viewed as they should be, in an artistic light, as specimens of the skill of the designer and engraver, there would be no “kick” about it. I have been a regular subscriber for The Inland Printer for five years, and in that time have not seen published what I would consider an indecent or “lewd” picture. The magazine is placed on my table at home, the same as other books and papers, and no one ever questions the purity of its pages. The trouble appears to come from some people allowing their mind to wander, even if thej" are “ a church member in good standing.” L. E. Lippincott. Written for The Inland Printer. REVIEW OF TYPE DESIGNS. BY R. COUPLAND HARDING. ONE more stage of mechanical progress is marked by the new linotj'pe borders. By almost imperceptible degrees the machine invades one region after another where handwork seemed at one time the only possible method. I think that it is now in the direction of the type¬ writer that we have to look for the most extensive displace¬ ment of handwork in days to come. That invention is only in its cradle ; and the best typewriter of today will proba¬ bly be as obsolete in a few j'ears as the “boneshaker” velocipede of twenty j'ears ago. No typesetting or typecasting machine on present lines can tackle a displayed ad¬ vertisement or circular, even though it be confined to one series of type. It cannot supply the gradations of size, nor white out the lines with that just regard to propor¬ tion of black and white which is so essen¬ tial to good jobwork. But this is just what the typewriter of the future may be expected to do. When they are able to prepare the copy exactly as it is required to be printed, process engraving will do the rest, and the domain of the job compositor will be greatly curtailed. The latest examples of linotype body faces and borders are in no way in¬ ferior to foundry type. At the same time, these specimens are probably superior to what would be produced in everj'day work by average operators. No new specimens from Europe have reached me this month, and the American faces are chiefly familiar. The Inland Foundry’s, however, show one new series, which stands high above the average — the Skinner. This is shown in nine sizes, 6 to 30-point, and a Skinner No. 2 is promised. The letter is an elegantly proportioned latin, caps and minims, uniform in thickness of line except the finely bracketed serifs. There is no feature about the letter that can be described — no oddity nor eccentricity is attempted, 3'et the hand and e3’e of an artist are apparent throughout. The result is a t3'pe which no printer could make a mistake in buying ; for it would come at once into daily use. It could be used with equal fitness in a ball programme, a business circular, a dis- pla3'ed advertisement, or a memorial card, and is a style that grows in favor the more it is studied. The American T3'pe Pounders’ Company show some silhouette “ Christmas Ornaments,” which doubtless met with full appreciation in the festive season now over. They represent the boar’s head, plum pudding, mistletoe, etc., and are both artistic and original. So are the Mural orna¬ ments by the same corporation, fifteen small vignettes suit¬ able specially for church work. The outline figure of the angel with shield, suitable for a two-color initial, is effective in its simplicity of treatment. I have to thank the American Type Founders’ Company for their new quarto specimen book, in which I find col- From The Inland Printer, From the Atlanta Constitution, May, 18%. May 31, 1897. THE INLAND PRINTER. 417 lected and classified the best products of the eleven associ¬ ated foundries. From the illuminated title-page, with its delicately tinted initial, to the advertisements at the end, it is a magnificent piece of work, and reflects high credit on all concerned in its production. I do not find very much in its pages new to me, but it is of exceeding value as afford¬ ing ready reference to styles which up till now I had scat¬ tered through scores of specimen books, trade magazines and fly sheets ; while the compilers, in grouping as far as possible allied faces, have produced a valuable book of reference. It opens with fancy brass rule ; music, sol-fa and staff notations ; a good collection of Greek and Hebrew ; three fonts of Rabbinic, and a 12-point Russian, apparently without italic ; at all events none is shown. There is no trace of the “ Orientals,” which are the glory of so many English and continental houses — no Arabic, Syriac, Coptic, Ethiopic or Samaritan ; no Saxon, Irish, nor Gothic ; nor is the Armenian, lately advertised by the type-founding company, shown. Clearly, this branch of the art is not cultivated in the States ; and the few printers, accordingly, who require such type as these, must import them. One might naturally expect to find the Cherokee alphabet, to which so romantic a history is attached, in this collection ; but it does not appear, nor have I ever seen it in any American specimen book. I understand that a good deal of printing has been done in this character. How many fonts have been engraved, or whether any sys¬ tematic series exist, I do not know. I have seen the alphabet in a trade paper, printed, I think, from a stereo supplied by Mr. Richard Ennis. None of the various American pho¬ netic alphabets appear ; but possibly these are privately owned. One of the most valuable features of the book is the systematic grouping of the types, allied faces being brought as far as possible into juxtaposition. First of all we have 180 roman faces, from to 14 points, so arranged as to show their precise proportions. The ‘‘ self-spacing ” types follow, with a beautifully uniform and unusually complete series of accents ; also the new patented piece fractions. Another very complete series of accents, arranged according to languages, is found on page 598. It would be needless to attempt to pass in review the contents of this quarto of nearly eight hundred pages, mostly standard faces. The dominance of the point system is proved by the disappearance of the old Emerald borders, some of them very beautiful. One series only, that on page 673, remains. Some patterns, both of type and ornament, which I had supposed to be obsolete, appear, while others have been dropped out which I am sorry to miss. At the same time I do not suppose that they have been withdrawn from the market, and I presume that an order from Mac- Kellar’s “ handy” quarto of the centennial year could still be filled. Cross-references might, I think, have been intro¬ duced in some places with advantage. For example, the series of Arboret, Fillet, and Stipple are each specially designed to combine with a corresponding border. The types and borders are shown in different compartments of the work, with no indication that they are complementary to each other. One novelty I note which I have not seen before, the “Wayside” initials by Bradley, corresponding with the Jenson. It would be superfluous to praise work from the hand of so acknowledged a master in this line, but I may point out one excellent feature which this series possesses in common with the Morris series — the repe¬ tition of the same letter with varied ornament. This, in illuminated work, is a most valuable quality. It avoids the necessity either of introducing an initial from a series of a different character, or, on the other hand, of perpetrating the amateurish error — of which Morris himself was guilty — of repeating the identical decorated initial on opposite pages. In the same parcel I have Nos. 140-141 of the Typographic Advertiser, beginning a new series. They are brought out in the latest style of composition, on fine¬ surfaced paper ; but somehow it seems a pity to make the change. I have not missed a copy of the Advertiser for twenty years, and with its new face it does not seem to be the same old friend. I see that the Bradley face is supplied with the necessary sorts, and made up with German fonts under the name of “Ihlenburg ” — a change of name which seems scarcely necessary. Written for The Inland Printer. DESIGN AND JOB COMPOSITION. BY WALTER EMMERSON. N the February number of The Inland Printer it was said that compositors might glean ideas which could be carried out in type from many different sources. Here will be shown two jobs which had their origin, so far as the typographical construction of their first pages was con¬ cerned — one in a cover of The Inland Printer, and the other in an advertisement which appeared in these pages. The cover designs of The Inland Printer have from time to time offered ideas which, with some little adaptation, could be made useful by the compositor for varied purposes. Take almost any one designed by Bradley, commencing with Vol. XVI, No. 2, and note its characteristics — the uniform¬ ity of the proportion of black and white over the whole space decorated, the introduction of a figure suggestive of the month, the perfect manner in which the lines of the figure blend with the lines of the more purely decorative portion of the design ; also how the lettering agrees with the character of decoration and figure, and lends itself to the effect as a whole. The page presents a uniform, restful appear¬ ance. There is no confusion of ideas or striving after varied ef¬ fects, the artist evidently having one well-defined object in view throughout. In outline it is firm and strong, not dazzling or weak ; it does not pall upon the fancy ; after gazing upon it we can turn to it again with renewed satisfaction. To produce these same effects was the end sought to be attained in the composition of the first sample, especially having in view the cover of No. 5. The border was placed around the page, as it was thought to produce a more finished appearance ; more white was left in the spaces where the lettering appears than a strict adherence to the principles of the design re¬ quired for the sake of legibility. The figure in the center was used not only to carry out the spirit of the original design, but also to break what otherwise, from the shape of the fold, would have appeared an undesirable length. That singleness of purpose, simplicity of construction, and uniformity of appearance are, in the opinion of Mr. Bradley, desirable qualities in jobwork, can be seen by referring to his choice for first place in the Ault & Wiborg advertisement competition on page 289, Vol. XVI. That this principle of forming a solid, compact, uniform page may be carried out in many different keys, from dark, as the sample shown, to light, will be evident upon the slightest reflection. It not only applies where the larger portion of the page is ornament, but where the greater part is type matter. A clearer idea of what is intended may be 418 THE INLAND PRINTER, gained by referring to page 300, Vol. XVIII, where a sample from the Kelmscott Press edition of “ Maud ” is shown, and reading this quotation from an article by Reginald Bloom¬ field, in the “Arts and Crafts Essays,” 1893; “The illus¬ trator can so order his design that the drawing and the printed type form a single piece of decoration, not disre¬ garding the type, but using it as in itself a means of obtain¬ ing texture and scale and distributed effect. The type is, as it were, the technical datum of the design, which determines the scale of the line to be used with it.” How well initial, type and border in Morris’ page blend to bring about this effect. Now, turn to page 191, Vol. XVII, and examine the page from the “ Altar Book,” and ask oneself if the decorative artist did not lose sight of the type in a very great measure in de¬ signing the initials and border here. These pages con¬ tain a lesson for us which if properly learned will be of im¬ mense value in the everyday run of work. They point out the ne¬ cessity of a thorough understanding of the qualities which give character to type and ornament of different design. In this con¬ nection it is pertinent to quote the following from an essay on printing, by the late William Morris : “The essential point to be remembered is that the ornament, whatever it is . should form part of the page.” If this is good doctrine for the artist it is also good doctrine for the printer. The greater part of what has been written applies to but one style of work, however, but if “ a uniform texture of line woven, as it were, over the entire page,” is beautiful, a page in which there is contrast of light and heavy lines, may also be beautiful — a page which seems to show light and shade and not one uniform color. The second sample is given to illustrate the part played by balance and regularity of spacing in the construction of a job as well as to show a style of composition. The idea for this was derived and developed from the advertisement on page 597, Vol. XVIII — “Photo-Engraving” — H. Jen¬ kins. Given the panel as a base upon which to work, the building of the remainder was natural. It was desired to present a clear open page, not altogether devoid of orna¬ ment, but only using such as appeared to prevent the page presenting too severe an appearance. Not the least important element in good jobwork is regularity of spacing. By regularity of spacing is not meant the placing of equal white between all lines, but that there shall be like space measurements between some important features. This appearance of regularity may be attained in many ways. In the sample shown, the chief points are the even band of white on the three sides of the panel, and the like space measurements which occur between the top rule of the panel to the rule under the word “programme,” and between the bottom of the line commenc¬ ing “Benevolent” and the bottom rule of panel. With due attention to harmony of design in selection of type, and care in arrangement so that symmetry — objects balancing one another on either side of a common center — be secured. a job cannot be without merit ; but a compositor working without some rule to guide, is like a mariner putting to sea without chart or compass and trusting to good luck or instinct to bring him safely to the end of his voyage. PROOFROOM NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY F. HORACE TEADD. It is the purpose in this department to allow for a full and satis¬ factory discussion of every matter pertaining to the proofroom and to proofreading. The contributions, suggestions, and queries of those specially interested are cordially invited hereto, and no effort will be spared to make the answers to queries authoritative and the depart¬ ment in general of permanent value. An Old-time Absurdity Preserved. — Some time ago a question was received from S. K. P., Chicago, and lost and forgotten. It has now recurred to memory. It was : “ Why does the New-York Tribune use the hyphen in its name? ” Answer. — It is done because the hyphen was common when the paper was started, and has been preserved because of a foolish prejudice against changing the original form of the name. The unreasonable idea prevalent at the time spoken of was that one name must be something simulating one word in form, which idea was banished long ago from general acceptance. Common Sense in Proofreading. — A writer in the Printer and Bookmaker for June says some very reasonable things about common sense, but was not as accurate as pos¬ sible in the following: “ In a recent issue of one of the popular magazines appears as a part of a sentence ‘The words bracketed below are,’ etc. As a matter of fact the words referred to below were placed between parentheses. Probably the office style demanded the use of parentheses rather than brackets, but the proofreader should not have allowed style to override sense, and he would have been justified and upheld in changing the parentheses to brackets, in case the author declined to change his phraseology to suit the punctuation.” If one paid no attention to the gen¬ eral and literary senses of words, and acknowledged no such senses outside of the technical ones of the printing offices, this would a sensible view ; but as things actually are it is not so sensible. As a matter of fact, “bracketed” most commonly means joined by a brace or braces, not brackets, and the parenthesis-marks may have been used simply because they are the nearest possible in form to braces that could be put in the space of a single line. It seems not improbable that the proofreader was narrow¬ minded enough to change the marks to brackets and that they were changed back by the author. It is not strictly common sense to try to force an author to be so literal. The author may reasonably hold that the word “bracketed” simply means “ embraced within a mark or marks ” if he so chooses, and may have parenthesis-marks used instead of braces, though it would be less bothersome to some literal¬ minded readers if he conformed to strict agreement between form and expression. Even our dictionaries are not as full and clear on this subject as they might be. The largest of all, Murray’s immense English dictionary, is fullest, defin¬ ing “bracket” as “one of two marks of the form [] or (), used for enclosing a word or a number of words,” etc. Murray’s definition also comes nearest of any to accounting for the fact that “ crotchet ” has been used for a parenthesis sign as well as for a bracket, though the latter is the only use explicitly assigned to it in the article on “ bracket ” even in Murray’s work. No other dictionary gives even a hint that “crotchet” in this use ever meant anything but the square bracket. Proofreaders and Copy-holders. — “A copy-holder,” Kansas City, Missouri, writes; “I have been interested in reading your articles on proofreading, and have looked in vain for a mention of the copy-holder in this connection. You speak of the proofreader having to decipher illegible THE INLAND PRINTER. 419 writing. Is it not a fact that few proofreaders read proof alone, and is it not the copy-holder who must do all the deciphering? Of course in bad cases she has the proof¬ reader’s help, but as a rule she does it alone. She is also held responsible for all misreading of copy and almost all errors but typographical ones. It seems to me copy-holders deserve a little corner of your proofreader articles, and any advice in our line would be highly appreciated.” Answer. — ■ It is a fact that few proofreaders read proof alone, and that practically all the deciphering of manuscript must be done by the copy-holder. It is not a fact, however, that the copy- holder is always a “she,” or that “she” or “he” is always competent. Some of them are even accomplished, and really not much in need of advice. The only really just way to write of such matters is from the most com¬ manding point of view — that from which the most compre¬ hensive survey can be made. Taking such a survey as the basis of opinion, it seems true that the proofreader deci¬ phers bad manuscript, because properly he is the one who is responsible for all errors. Having the copy read to him, if he and his employer understand matters rightly, only heightens his responsibility, for it is one of his duties to assure himself that the reading is done correctly, and to do this he should from time to time look at the copy, especially officers of organizations, while the others do not capitalize such titles. Must it not be that some consider these titles to rank with proper names, and that others think them only common nouns ? Or do most people act on impulse or preju¬ dice, without reasoning out a logical distinction ? The latter seems the only way to account for the form in the sen¬ tence, “The mayor wants to give the Governor his views,” which vvas printed, strictly in accordance with the rules of the office where it was done. “Governor” and “Mayor” are certainly as much alike in their nature as any two words can be, and these and all similar political titles, and all titles strictly analogous, are exactly like “President” of the United States, which no one with common sense would write without a capital. Some people write “congress¬ man ’’and “assemblyman,” even while capitalizing “Con¬ gress” and “Assembly.” Probably there is no reason for hoping that those who do this can ever be taught to know better, for they simply cannot be teachable, or they never could have done it. All the teaching of all grammarians and lexicographers is directly opposed to it. If any capital¬ izing is to be done beyond the mere names of persons and places, and if capitalizing is to show any reason, distinction must be made between common and proper (or particular) uses of certain words, as “secretary” for a mere writing ^ 1 ^ 1) c^l) ^ ^ f Bicycle Series Designed by P. Wilbur Shoop, Abingdon, Illinois. if anything does not seem right as he hears it read. I have never felt more indignant than I did once at a proofreader because of what his copy-holder told me. The foreman had shown me a misreading in a proof I had read, and I answered in a way that showed I assumed all the blame. The other reader’s copy-holder heard me, and exclaimed to me, “ My reader would have said I must have read it so ; I always get all the blame for such things.” It is not fair that it should be so. If she had to take all the censure she should have had more of the pay. Our correspond¬ ent is right in more ways than one. The copy-holder does deserve more than a “corner” in the proofreading arti¬ cles, and next month our article shall be devoted to copy- holding. Differences in Capitalizing. — Excessive capitalization lessens the value of the use of capital initials, inasmuch as it tends to make less clear the purpose for which they are used, which is to mark distinctions between different kinds of words. Differences in usage arise through disagreement as to the nature of the instances in which words should be distinguished by a capital letter. Every one understands that a proper noun should be capitalized, but many do not understand what a proper noun is. Indeed, Goold Brown admitted, in his large work “ The Grammar of English Grammars,” that he had not been able to satisfy himself in telling what makes a noun proper, and said what follows of other grammarians: “Innumerable instances occur in which the following assertion is by no means true : ‘ The distinction between a common and a proper noun is very obvious.’ — Kirkham' s Gram., p. 32. Nor do the remarks of this author, or those of any other that I am acquainted with, remove any part of the difficulty.” Now, of course this note cannot be made to cover all the ground of this trouble, but it may accomplish its purpose by stating the probable reasoning on each side with regard to one of the most typical cases in which disagreement exists. Probably half of the newspapers capitalize the titles of all elective employee and “ Secretary ” for an officer of an organization, “judge” for the common meaning and “Judge” for the presiding officer of a court (even “ a Judge ” and “ Judges ” indefinitely are right and most convenient in the particular use), “ state ” for any of the common meanings and “ State ” for one of the United States, and “ territory ” for a common meaning and “ Territory ” for one of the particular Territo¬ ries as divisions of the United States. Distinction accord¬ ing to the principle here indicated is the only reasonable practice, and it is the actual practice of those who know best and do best throughout the English-speaking parts of the world. A GERMAN VIEW OF AMERICAN PAPERMAKING. In an interview with a large German paper manufacturer visiting in this country — Mr. E. R. Behrend, of Varzin, Germany — Geyer's Stationer reports him as saying : “ In papermaking machines the United States leads the world and is, in fact, exporting machines to Europe. As a result of this excellence, the machine-made paper of the United States is far in advance of anything made in Europe. This is especially the case with your newspapers. There is no such news print made as in the United States. In England very many of the newspapers have clung to the rag news. That would be impossible in the United States as the supply is totally inadequate to the demand. Even in England the dailies have been forced to use wood paper, and three or four papers in London buy their paper in the United States, one of them being the Pall Mall Gazette. A great deal of news print is now being exported to Europe from this country.” Mr. Behrend thinks Germany is ahead in the production of fine writing and other handmade papers, owing to the cheapness of labor there. English papers and Irish linens, for the same reason, he says are really made in Germany. The mills Mr. Behrend represents are located, by the way, on the estate of Prince Bismarck. THE INLAND PRINTER. 421 «THE LAND OF THE SKY." FTER visiting- the renowned scenery of Colorado, the Yel¬ lowstone Park, the White Mountains, and the Catskills, and taking several trips over the roads between New York and the West which claim to be “the scenic routes of Amer¬ ica,” a traveler had occasion recently to visit the country lying in Eastern Tennessee and Western North Carolina, between the Blue Ridge and Smoky Mountains, more particularly that in the immediate vicinity of Asheville, North Carolina. He spent about three weeks there, part of the time on the train, a portion of it on foot, and more on horseback or in a carriage, and returned with such a glowing description of the grandeur and en¬ chanting delights of that favored region that one was tempted to believe the gentleman’s good opinions of the places previously visited had been somewhat shaken, his new discovery so thoroughly eclipsing the sights and scenes Coming into Asheville' from either direction the road traverses for miles and miles a territory rich in views to delight the eye. The French Broad river wends its way through valley after valley, the road following it as closely as the exigences of railroad engineering allow, sometimes on one side, again on the other, crossing and recrossing the stream on bridges of the most approved construction. From the observation car the scene is most inspiring, every turn giving new vistas to please the senses. From Asheville to Round Knob, and for some distance beyond, the trains pass over the finest part of the entire system, the highest point on the mountain being crossed on this run. In a few miles the train goes through seven tunnels, and the grade is 160 feet to the mile, the second steepest grade of any road in the United States. At one point, in crossing the summit, the track can be seen in fourteen different places, as one looks down from the train. The passenger who endeavors to select the shady side of the car on this trip will be kept busy, for what is shade one minute is sun the next, it seem¬ ing as if the engine ran at all the various points of the compass to traverse this particular bit of roadway. It is an experience never to be forgotten, and when accomplished one regrets he cannot turn back and go over it again. The city of Asheville lies upon a plateau at an elevation of about 2,000 feet above sea-level, entirely surrounded by of his former wanderings. To one who has not visited the land now spoken of this statement will no doubt seem a little bold ; but as others, including those who have seen the beauties of nature abroad, have made the same expres¬ sion, it is not surprising so many candidly assert that “The Land of the Sky,” as this region has been so poetically called, justly bears the palm as the most enchanting spot, so far as scenery goes, to be found on this continent. To be sure, the rugged grandeur of the Rockies has a beauty all its own, but naked rock, sheer precipice, and snow-capped mountains do not compare in peaceful sub¬ limity with the verdure-clad mountains of the lower end of the Alleghany range, where the mountains pause in their attempt to reach southwest to the coast, and break up into numbers of smaller spurs, forming plateaus, valleys, abrupt defiles, rushing streams, gentle slopes and other evidences of disintegration, as they spread out into the plains and lowlands of the country farther south. No pen description of this region can do it justice. Its beauty can be faintly portrayed in words, and its likeness feebly expressed by the aid of the camera, but these can only partially give the reader or intending traveler an idea of the reality — the actual witnessing with one’s own eyes — which prove the sublime loveliness of this favored section of God’s footstool. mountain ranges, that rise in mighty grandeur one above the other, piled up like clouds about the city, apparently near at hand, but in reality quite distant. Mount Pisgah and “The Rat,” two of the most prominent peaks, are to be seen from almost any point. The plateau is not a level plain by any means, there being hill and valley, with rise and fall, sometimes gradual and sometimes more abrupt, throughout the entire country. The visitor who expects to find long stretches of level road must look elsewhere than in Asheville. But this very fact is one that makes the drives about the city so charming. A constantly changing pano¬ rama meets one at every turn of the road, at hill top or bend of stream. It is said that a stay of a month may be made and a different drive be planned, with entirely new views, for each day. Among the drives usually taken by those w'hose time is limited, are to Battery Park, Beaumont, Bingham Heights, Gold View, Biltmore, Swan- nanoa, Connally’s View, Lookout Mountain, Sunset Drive, Sulphur Springs, Hot Springs, and Buck Shoals, while many others can be arranged for if time will permit. As 422 THE INLAND PRINTER. shown by the illustrations, there are many ways of getting about, the more common being the carriage, but numbers of hardier people prefer horseback riding, and this form of exercise here finds its ideal location. Walking, too, has many votaries. Beauties in nature that might be passed unchallenged in carriage or on horse, are always noted when one travels on foot. Then the exercise, the calling into play of all the muscles in the body, causes the lungs to drink deep of the health-giving atmosphere, the whole system is invigorated, an appetite secured, and the thought of fatigue never enters one’s head even on long walks that in other places would be deemed impossible. The city has a population of about 12,000, is supplied with electric lights, well-paved streets, and electric car lines, and has stores and business blocks that would do credit to cities of much larger population. Its homes are tasteful and elegant, many of the wealthier residents occu¬ pying dwellings of modern architecture and expensive con¬ struction. The principal hotels are the Battery Park and Kenilworth Inn, and these and numerous other hotels and boarding houses furnish accommodations to suit any purse, and whether the traveler comes in search of health, or for rest and recreation only, he can easily find a convenient abiding place during his sojourn. The climate of Asheville is one of its principal attractions. The city is so located that an equable temperature prevails, and it is not subjected to the severe and sudden changes noted in many other local¬ ities. It can be considered an all-the-year-round resort, for in winter, people from the north come to escape the rigors of the northern blasts, and in summer, the residents of the States farther south flock to the city to enjoy the cooler breezes of the elevated plateau which do not favor their own towns. No other city in the United States is said to be better located for the cure of throat and lung troubles than Asheville ; and these, as well as asthma, rheumatism, and malarial diseases, promptly yield to treatment there. In a general notice of the city, such as this is, it will be impossible to give data as to the benefits to be obtained in these directions, but this information can be readily had by reference to the published reports of cases treated there. The bulletins issued by the weather bureau for a series of years show that the average number of clear days in each month is twenty-four, and during the rainy weather the sticky, muggy atmosphere, so noticeable in places nearer the sea level, is not experienced. Mention of Asheville would not be complete without ref¬ erence to Biltmore and the estate of George W. Vanderbilt, which lie close by, and which everyone visits when in this part of North Carolina. A complete description of this magnificent property and of the chateau “Biltmore House” cannot be here given, but no Asheville traveler should miss a drive to this princely inclosure, comprising 100,000 acres, grand by nature, but adorned and made more beautiful by the hand of man. Mr. Vanderbilt allows free entrance to his domains on certain days, written request from the pro¬ prietor of the hotel at which one is stopping being all that is necessary. The fact that Mr. Vanderbilt determined to locate here, after visiting all other parts of the country, goes to prove that there must have been in scenery, in cli¬ mate, in mountain, in stream, in soil, in tree and shrub, some potent factors to govern his decision in the expenditure of the many millions of dollars he has used in making this his earthly paradise. Such, in brief, are some of the delights to be found in the vicinity spoken of. To know them best, one must visit them. Go at any season and you will not return disap¬ pointed, whether your mission be the recovery of health or merely the passing of a few weeks’ vacation. The inhabitants, white and colored, with their queer customs and queerer modes of conveyance, the half-starved looking oxen, the gaunt horses and dogs, the old log cabins, the noble pines, the beautiful azaleas, rhododendrons and other flowers which there grow so prolifically, the bril- liantly-plumaged and sweet-songed birds, the native gems, the rabbits’ feet, and other things, pleasant and not pleas¬ ant, remain in the memory long after one has returned home from a visit to this interesting city. It has been said by some one that a visit to Asheville during the time court is in session and cases of violation of the government law relating to distilling are being tried gives one the best opportunity to note the peculiarities of the denizens of the mountain districts. At these times the dilapidated-looking “moonshiner ” comes to town in his cart, drawn by oxen or mules — or oftener on foot, as many are too poor to even keep a conveyance of the kind men¬ tioned — bringing his entire family, including the dog, to answer the charge made against him or some neighbor. It is a fact that some of these people persist¬ ently work at illicit distilling, not so much for the purpose of sell¬ ing the product, or of consuming it, but to be arrested, that the gov¬ ernment may feed them during the time the trial is on. And thus one class of humanity lives. It is a sad com¬ mentary on the social conditions of the coun¬ try. A Moonshiner’s Cart. THE INLAND PRINTER. 423 NOTES AND QUERIES ON ELECTROTYPING AND STEREOTYPING. CONDUCTED BY C. S. PARTRIDGE. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from electrotypers, stereotypers and others. Individual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Inquiries will receive prompt attention. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. Cold-Process Stereotyping. — To make successful cold- process stereotypes is a long- sought for and much to be desired accomplishment. There are isolated instances where it is claimed satisfactory results have been attained, but no such process has yet come into general use. The means which have been employed to accomplish the desired end have been varied and in some cases peculiar. The latest invention along this line consists in placing the fiong in contact with the type, placing an absorbent material on the flong and then rotating the type, fiong and absorbent mate¬ rial to force the type by centrifugal force into the flong, and drive the moisture from the flong into the absorbent material. A Stereotyper’s Troubles. — W. A. R., of Springfield, Massachusetts, writes: “I have purchased a copy of Mr. Partridge’s book on ‘Stereotyping,’ but fail to find the knowledge I am looking for, and would consider it a great favor if you could put me on the right track. I have many forms to stereotype of solid nonpareil and smaller sizes. I cannot get my matrix deep enough, pound with a brush hard as I may, and not smash the matrix. Have done the following with no very good results. Used a matrix made of a 30-pound blotter and five tissues, covered it with a piece of thin muslin, beat in, then pasted my 80-pound back and beat that in until it seemed all down. I have taken a matrix made in the usual way and finished it up without muslin. As my electrotypes are all on wood bases they get warped so I cannot use a planer to set -the matrix in with, as it smashes through the high places and leaves a bad impression to cast from. I make the regulation paste : starch, 5 parts ; flour, 2 parts ; whiting, 1 part ; pulverized slippery elm, 1 ounce; to mixture of 6 quarts water and ^4 ounce carbolic acid. I only make a small quantity of paste at a time — enough for a week or ten days. Any suggestion you may offer will be thankfully received.” Answer. — If you would follow the directions given in the book you have purchased, your difficulty would disappear. Do not use blotting paper which will not stand pounding with a brush, but procure some regular brush matrix paper such as is manufactured by B. & O. Myers, of New York. Use the 40-pound paper, and dampen it before pasting on the tis¬ sues. The paper may be dampened by dipping it in water and then forcing the water out with a heavy roller. Do not use slippery elm or carbolic acid in the paste, and add a larger amount of whiting as directed on page 16 of your book. It is not necessary to use muslin over the matrix and it is no aid in getting a deep mold. If your brush is in good condition, flat and level on the face, there will be no danger of tearing the matrix unless the beating is done with an edge or corner of the brush. Speed in Electrotyping. — L. C. P., Detroit, writes: “ A friend who has recently returned from Chicago informs me that one of the electrotypers of that city has a quick process of electrotyping which saves about one-half the time usually required to deposit shells. I understand that the process consists in keeping the molds in motion by means of some kind of a trolley system. I have tried this plan in a crude sort of a way, but have failed to increase the speed of deposition to any extent. Can you give me any information on the subject?” Answer. — Keeping the molds in motion, or agitating the solution will not materi¬ ally affect the rate of deposition unless the current strength is increased. The object of agitation is to permit the use of a stronger current than would be possible with the solu¬ tion at rest. The reason for this is not clear, but the effect is to prevent a burned or spongy deposit. There are vari¬ ous devices for accomplishing this object. Where two or more tanks are used one may be set on a higher lever than the other and the solution allowed to flow through a small pipe from one to the other, when it is pumped back into the upper tank. Another plan is to operate a paddle wheel in the bottom, or a small propeller at one end of the vat. Still another plan is to keep the cathodes in motion by hanging them on a rocking shaft which is kept moving by mechani¬ cal means. By far the best method is one recently invented which provides a means for forcing air through perforated pipes in the bottom of the vats. The agitation of the solu¬ tion is thus kept uniform and may be made more or less violent at the pleasure of the operator, the admission of air to the pipes being governed by valves under his control. With such an apparatus the writer has been able to employ a current strength of about thirty-six amperes to the square foot of cathode surface with the result that copper shells of good quality to of inch in thickness were produced in one hour. This is a saving of fully one-half the time required to deposit a shell of the same thickness with the solution at rest. The apparatus has been patented and will soon be placed on the market. Questions About Electrotyping. — C. F. M., Battle Creek, Michigan, asks the following questions on electro¬ typing: 1. When a case of work has received a proper deposit of copper, and is disconnected from the dynamo by putting a piece of wood or cardboard under the rod, but still hanging in the same solution, why is it that the deposit will turn red around the edges and in a few hours will run off again, although it does not face an anode ? 2. What is the best device for hanging our copper scraps, and pieces of anodes in the bath to use them up? 3. What is the most common cause of pin holes in the shells, dots gone, etc.? Answer. — 1. An electric current passing through a solution of sulphate of copper will dissolve copper suspended in the solution whether it is in the circuit or not. This fact may be readily tested by weighing a small piece of copper and hanging it in the solution without electric connection, and after a few hours weighing it again. It is because of this fact that extra anodes not in use, if left in the solution, will make it dense and heavy at the bottom, and frequently cause the deposit to be spongy and granular. 2. Holes in the shells are due either to defective blackleading, failure to remove the air from the mold by thorough wetting before placing in the bath, or the use of a current so strong that it causes the formation of hydrogen gas on the cathode. Defective blackleading may be caused by a poor quality of graphite, or insufficient brushing. The best way to wet the surface of the mold is to place it face up in a tank par¬ tially filled with water in such a manner that the mold will be an inch or two under the surface and then direct a stream of water from a rotary force pump on to the mold. If your trouble is due to the third cause, the remedy is to reduce the speed of your dynamo or use an agitator. The latter is by far the best plan, as the agitator will not only dissipate the gas bubbles but will enable you to employ a current twice as strong as would be practicable with your solution at rest and thus double the rate of deposition, 3. Copper clip¬ pings and scraps may be utilized as an anode by packing them in a perforated lead box and suspending the box from an anode rod. The box may be constructed of plates of electrotype metal joined at the corners by soldering. It should be somewhat longer and deeper than your cases and about four inches wide. The perforations should be as near together as possible. Queries intended to be answered in the August issue should be sent in early. 424 THE INLAND PRINTER. GRACE N. WISHAAR. IT has been our pleasure to present the work of a num¬ ber of Western artists in recent issues of The Inland Printer. The drawing of Thomas H. Guptill, shown recently, is a fair example of the rising school of illus¬ trators on the Pacific slope now claiming public attention. Among others, Miss Grace N. Wishaar, of Seattle, Wash¬ ington, is a young pen-and-ink sketch artist whose work deserves a word of appreciation. Portraiture is her forte. In this she exhibits a winsome touch, a kind of feminine delicacy that does not impair the truthfulness of outline and shading. Her “ study head ” repro¬ duced on the opposite page is a very attractive bit of drawing. Her other portraits show painstaking and skillful work with the pen. Miss Wishaar does not confine herself to line drawing. recently finished portraits in oil that, when placed on exhibition in RACE . isHAAR. Portland, received general commenda¬ tion. She is now executing pen-and-ink sketches and gen¬ eral designing in the well-known firm, Curtis & Guptill, of Seattle. Her father, Mr. E. B. Wishaar, is a prominent newspaper man, being connected with the editorial staff of The Oregonian, of Portland, Oregon. Although not pos¬ sessed of a technical education in her chosen art. Miss Wishaar has availed herself of every opportunity to perfect herself in it, and her present success gives assurance of a promising career. JOURNALISM IN TURKEY. An editor’s lot in Turkey is not always a happy one, if we are to give credence to this account in the Colonist and Exporter of the restrictions placed upon the press in that country'. The censors placed in each newspaper office are supreme, and all attempt at a free expression of opinion is rigidly excluded. This is also true of the two papers published in French and English at Constantinople. The government really holds a string to every item that is turned in, and this is how they work it. Two regularly appointed The Late Lieut. Geo. M. De Reamer. Drawn by Grace N. Wishaar. censors are sent to a newspaper office as soon as it is estab¬ lished — one for day duty and one for night. They are appointed for that particular paper, and are held solely responsible for every item that appears in it from one year’s end to the other. In the event of one displeasing line slip¬ ping in unawares they may pay for the oversight with their lives. Although they have no voice in the management of the paper, they are the real editors, and examine every proofsheet before the paper is made up. What is objection¬ able to the government, their friends, or themselves, is rigidly cut out. Armed with blue pencils, they sit in the office day and night, and as fast as the matter is set proofs are handed them. Out of ten columns of apparently harm¬ less matter, for it is so dead and dry as to be absolutely without brilliancy, force, or character, they usually allow about two to be published. It is not merely that expres¬ sions regarding political mat¬ ters are excluded, as the ca¬ price of the censor is indulged regarding the most trivial sub¬ jects and affairs. If he hap¬ pens to be in a good humor the paper comes out in time, and has some semblance of a “real” newspaper; but as a usual thing, after he has finished blue-penciling the proof- sheets, it is the problem of the hour to find enough matter left to go to press on. It is expected, in fact almost a law, that writers shall take advantage of every possible opportunity to flatter the Sultan, and the man who can think of the most awe-inspiring titles’ to follow the name of that mighty per¬ son is the most valuable man on the staff. Thus an editor was recently severely called to account for speaking of the Sultan as merely “ His Imperial Majesty, the Prince of the Faithful, and the Shadow of Allah upon Earth.” This was regarded as actually disrespectful, and it was only by the utmost pleadings and promises to do better that he was allowed to continue his paper. What he should have said to appear at all loyal was, “His Most Holy, Noble and Imperial Majesty, the Greatest and Most Powerful of all Princes of the Faithful, the Shadow of Allah upon Earth, the Finest Pearl of the Age, and the Esteemed Center of the Universe, at whose grand and mighty portals stand the camels of justice and mercy and at the parting of whose hands spread untold happiness over all the earth,” etc. The censors are paid chiefly to see that the Sultan is praised, and the goodness and mercies of the government are poured into the public without stint, and in their zeal to rightfully perform the duty the censor’s methods are some¬ times very ingenious. On one occasion an item appeared in the proof regarding an individual named I. Sultan. Sultan is a Turkish surname, the same as King is an English one, but the censor would not let it go, on the ground that there was but one Sultan in the world. At last he compromised the matter by striking off the n, so that the man’s name appeared in the paper as I. Suita. The word majesty is never allowed to be used with reference to any ruler but the Sultan, and the Pope must not be called “His Holiness,” because that expression is reserved for Mohammed. To mention the Queen of England as the “Empress of India” is worth a man’s life, for the government cannot bring itself to recognize any Christian woman, and cannot permit the papers to allude to her as the ruler of a country that contains so many Mohammedans. One of the largest Syrian papers was suppressed for six months, because in Drawn by Grace N. Wishaar. THE INLAND PRINTER. 425 mentioning- some “-western superstitions” it made refer¬ ence to the western sentiment regarding Friday as unlucky. Friday being the holy day of the Mohammedans, the editor was cast in jail. There is nothing whatever to control the whims of the censor, and, as a result, the Turkish papers contain nothing of importance and next to nothing in the way of news. Even the obituary notices do not escape the censor’s pencil. Lately a Beyrout paper had a S5'mpathetic notice about a Christian whose death was attended by great sadness. The censor killed the notice, and explained his action by saying that “ it contained such a strong pathetic element that it would be sure to reopen the wounds of the mourning relatives and cause them to grieve more than necessary.” With this yoke around its neck, the whole Turkish press is made up of personal news and of intelli¬ gence as to the bestowal of decorations and such stirring and inspiring information. NEW FASHIONS IN STATIONERY. The monogram is the swell thing in stationery just now, says Geyer's Stationer. Miniature monograms are espe¬ cially popular and allow a wide range of color and artistic design. A very swell example has a background of dark green with initials and border in raised gold. The green and gold, and blue and gold monograms are still stylish, but other colors are gradually entering the field. The mon¬ ograms are embossed. Crests and coats-of-arms are also used extensively in gold, silver, and different bronzes. In polite paper, the prettiest and most popular are pure white, or slightly cream-colored. Azures and gray are, however, in good form. In deference to this spring’s pen¬ chant for things loud and novel, royal red colored writing paper is “on the list” of society stationery. This paper is made exclusively in France, where it is very popular, and, with a miniature monogram of black, is considered the acme of fashion. There has been such a demand for this paper among the “ 400 ” that it has been difficult for swell station¬ ers in this country to keep up with it. The sealing wax must match each shade, and it is used both outside on the envelope and inside at the upper right- hand corner of the paper. There is also a variety in the Prof. Benj. Trennekman, Instructor of the Seattle Athletic Club. Drawn by Grace N. Wishaar. shapes of the new specimens of stationery. Some of the envelopes are not more than six inches long and two and one-half inches wide. They open at the end instead of at the top. Others are perfectly square and not large. For those who are in mourning the sizes and shapes are not A Study Head. Drawn by Grace N. Wishaar. altered, but the black band is wider than before, the paper is more lusterless and the monograms, or addresses, are done in the dullest black. The most fashionable wedding invitations are printed on large, square sheets and on heavy kid-finish paper. Plain embossed coats-of-arms are proper to be used and add mate¬ rially to the richness of the invitations. The latest thing is a miniature monogram, containing the initials of both par¬ ties, in silver on the inside flap of the envelope. This is extremely chic. “At Home” notices are often incorrectly printed on the same paper as the invitation. They should be printed on separate cards and inclosed. For party invi¬ tations the folded sheets are preferable to those engraved on cardboard. In calling cards the principal points to be considered are thickness, size, and engraving. The sizes vary from time to time. At present, the correct size for a married lady’s call¬ ing card is 3/^ by 2j\ inches ; for a miss’ card 3x\ by inches; and for a gentleman, 3jV by inches. As to engraving the card, the roman letter is growing in favor with the most ultra fashionable, but the script is in much greater use, and is perfectly correct. On ladies’ cards the addresses should be placed in the lower right-hand corner and the reception day in the lower left-hand corner of the card. A man’s card should always have Mr. prefixed, with the address rarely used, although if a member of a club its name is permissible in the lower left-hand corner. NEW KIND OF ARABIC. When he was in Egypt, Mark Twain hired two Arab guides to take him to the pyramids. He was familiar enough with Arabic, he thought, to understand and be understood with perfect ease. To his consternation he found that he could not comprehend a word that either of the guides uttered. At the pyramids he met a friend, to whom he made known his dilemma. It was very mysterious. Twain thought. “ Why, the explanation is simple enough,” said the friend. “Please enlighten me, then?” said Twain. “Why, you should have hired younger men. These old fellows have lost their teeth, and, of course, they don’t speak Arabic. They speak gum-Arabic.” — Saturday Review. 426 THE INLAND PRINTER. NOTES ON JOB COMPOSITION. Under this head will appear, each month, suggestive comment on the composition of jobwork, advertisements, etc. Specimens for this department must be clearly printed in black ink on white paper, and mailed to this office, flat, marked plainly, “RALPH.” Almost every letter we receive, coming- from printers in the smaller towns, speak of the scarcity of “new” faces of type and bemoan the limited amount of material at com¬ mand from which to construct up-to-date, artistic speci¬ mens. We are led to say, that while late type faces help to make a modern- looking job, yet without skill and art in the composition, they are of no avail whatever. What have new faces of type to do with the plan of a job? Nothing. Do new type faces balance a job ? Not at all. Do new type faces, when two or more kinds are employed in conjunction, make a harmonious job? Not by any means. Do new faces of type properly ‘■'■white out" a job? Of course not. A printer who cannot construct a good, artistic piece of composition with old material cannot do it with new, even though he has a whole type foundry at his back. We say now, without hesitation, that in our observation as much art and skill have been shown in the work of the printers in small cities and towns as in the work of compositors in the large cities. The Inland Printer now offers a prize com¬ petition for jobwork which places all on an equal footing. New material will not enter into the consideration at all. Plan, harmony, balance, finish, correct “whiting out,” judicious ornamentation, coupled with common sense, will have treated it in the manner spoken of. Now, the job is excellent from a modern point of view, type faces, borders, etc., being right up to date. Your balance, color scheme, “ whiting out,” etc., are all that could be desired. D. J. C., Farmington, Minnesota.- — Your work is all very creditable. The cover page of the Dakota County Sunday School Association is the best specimen, and is up to date, well balanced, forceful in display and correctly “ whited out” and finished. Wallace Cook, Dong Branch, New Jerse5'’. — We regret giving the credit of your work to your father, Mr. George W. Cook, in our last review of your specimens. Your work still continues to improve. Don’t fall into the practice of using curved lines. The Baird Press, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, sends some very artistic specimens of their work. The composition, embossing, presswork, and harmonious, pleasing combina¬ tions of colors show conclusively that this firm thoroughly understands art printing. Would be pleased to see more of your work, especially in black and white. Prank Dandis, Nebraska City, Nebraska. — Your sam¬ ples are all very neat. The tendency toward too much orna¬ mentation on your stationery work should receive your closest study. By far the best example. No. 1, which we reproduce, has no ornamentation whatever, and shows the possibilities of the gothic letters in stationery and commer¬ cial work. This letter-head is a model of neatness, balance, finish and correct “ whiting out.” It is only in the smaller ICHAROSON. £ ARGO MANUFACTURING COMPANY, MANUFACTURERS OF ARGO *'gloss° STARCH. Nebraska Csty, Neb.. be the rule in awarding the prizes, of which due mention, together with the rules governing the contest, appear else¬ where in this issue. See the editorial pages. D. D. Emerson, Kahoka, Missouri. — Your work is all of a superior quality and shows that you have taken especial pains to secure a good balance, harmony and finish. Your April blotter is the most artistic specimen. D. E. Dippincott, Lee Center, Illinois. — The commence¬ ment programme printed by you is very creditable indeed, and shows that if you are a “ country ” printer you know how to do first-class work and put that knowledge to good The Commercial Printing Company, Massillon, Ohio. Your folder is neat and well displayed, but the selection of colors could have been more “striking.” In your note-head, “ all kinds of ” is too prominent. Otherwise it is neat and a good job. R. F. Aveson, with the Deseret News, Salt Lake City, Utah. — Even though you seldom have the opportunity to set advertisements, the samples you submit give unmistakable evidence that you know how to set them. We consider the ads. excellent. John McCormick, with the Argus, Albany, New York. — The card you submit for criticism, “ Masterpieces of Ancient Art,” should, by all means, have been set in the Sixteenth Century style. Its subject was “ancient” art, therefore it would have been much better, from an artistic standpoint, to details wherein 5’ou need to study. You have mastered the problem of balance and proper display. Now turn your attention closely to the matters referred to. Any time you are in doubt, or wish your work criticised, we shall be glad to assist you. Always send black proofs for this purpose. Lytton Alley, Nashville, Tennessee. — We would not advise the use of curved lines in jobwork. This plan is very seldom productive of good results. As a rule this plan is a breeder of trouble in the pressroom. Don’t use strips of rule or border on each side (top and bottom) of a display line. J. Faunt Le Roy, San Rafael, California. — The B. F. Bell card is not good ; too much border and rule. The Chrysanthemum card is very neat and the best plan to pat¬ tern after. In the other card, if you had given more prom¬ inence to “ Grand Entertainment and Dance ” it would have had a better effect. Charles M. Krebs, Gallon, Ohio.— The plan of your panel on the Central Ohio Buggy Company cover is original and artistic as well. [Mr. Krebs, in his narrow panel work, where he has a long line or word to contend with, lets it break over the rule and then continues the rule down underneath the word.] The E. D. Taylor Company, San Francisco, California. Your specimens are truly artistic in composition with exquisite presswork and harmonious color arrangement. The work is all up to date. The unique and beautiful THE INLAND PRINTER. 427 presswork on the half-tones, together with artistic composi¬ tion, are most convincing proofs of the ability of The E. D. Taylor Print Shop to handle that and all other classes of printing in the most satisfactory manner. Eugene C. Case, Port Atkinson, Wisconsin. — Your samples are all very creditable, and show excellent com¬ position as well as presswork. It was a mistake to place the corner composed of Laurel border on the C. J. Ward note-head. There was plenty of ornamentation on the job without its use. Use ornamentation sparingly. Aside from the point we mention your work is of a high order. Bal¬ ance, harmony, proper “whiting out,” etc., are excellent. F. G. Hicks, Morenci, Michigan.— In the Butler & Gates heading the one set in Florentine is the best. To improve this heading put “Successors to” in one line and “E. E. Butler & Co.” directly under it in the center of the line. Take away the ornaments at side of “Clothiers and Fur¬ nishers”; move the lines over to the center; bring “South Side Main Street” down on a line with the date and move it over to the extreme left of the measure to which the job was set. Your work as a whole is very neat and reflects much credit. George N. Tuesley, foreman Yakima Herald, Yakima, Washington. — Even though you do possess very limited material, there is unmistakable evidence on almost every job that, as far as plan of composition is concerned, they are artistic and up to date in design. There is only one job which we desire to call your attention to — the bill-head of Ward Brothers. The use of Celtic for the firm name and then following with De Vinne for the business is a bad plan, because it gives undue prominence to the business, and does not harmonize. G. H. L., Rochester, New York. — The card set in light- face type is the neater of the two. The one with the main line in De Vinne has too many faces of tj’pe. Now, the plan of the light-face card is decidedly the best one to pattern after for good results, but the combination of type used is not satisfactory, because the unimportant wording stands out with more prominence than the main lines. The proper way to treat a card on this plan is to have the important lines the heaviest. It will pay you to demonstrate this fact in a practical manner. Reset the three center lines in heavier type and note the effect. J. Al Meisenbach, La Salle, Illinois. — Aside from too much bent rule work, your specimens are excellently well done. In the card of W. A. Locke we cannot see why “ photographer ” was made so insignificant. You could have placed the word “ photographer ” immediately under¬ neath the main line, say in 12-point De Vinne caps, and not interfered materially with the arrangement of the composi¬ tion. You would then have had a much better and more effective job. The stationery of the Herald is excellent and shows proper treatment in all departments. Do not use so much bent rule in your work. It does not add in any way to its beauty or effectiveness. A. L. Stonecypher, Omaha, Nebraska, sends a calen¬ dar and a number of his advertising blotters. Mr. Stone- cypher is, evidently, considerable of a “josh” and must be a jovial, good-natured man. The calendar is in three print¬ ings, with excellent composition and first-class presswork. In one corner is a half-tone of “ Balanced Rock.” The illus¬ tration has the appearance of being printed from three-color plates, but such is not the case, as Mr. Stonecypher informs us that it was done in three impressions from one engrav¬ ing. It is excellently well done and the result entirely satisfactory. Of course, this calendar is open to criticism by the fact of an abundance of “spring” poetry being printed thereon; but Mr. Stonecypher informs us that the results have fully justified him in pursuing this method. Good results are the things to be desired in advertising any business, and if they can be had on the line pursued and proven to be productive, then it is all right and the “end justifies the means.” The blotters are all good and show that Mr. Stonecypher is a hustler for business. E. O. Harder, New Orleans, Louisiana. — The large and varied parcel of your specimens show beyond doubt that you have excellent taste and know how to use it. There are but two jobs in the collection on which we have criticisms ; they are the catalogue cover of Boland & Gschwind, and the cover Hftl frad IS, IS: lei Prices PfllDTS.OILS, BRUSHES, Etc. One Line of Prices for all, and then prices lower than competitors for same quality ^ Df ^ Short time and careful scrutiny of credit if In making our prices we make no allowance for long time or bad debts If if If Paints to one dealer who pays cash or shows good basis for credit as low as to another if if m Compare our prices with the prices you have been paying, and note our descriptions of qualities of the different grades listed WWW Quality — Goods that have our name and label are guaranteed THE BEST W NONE better can be had at ANY PRICE W Our trade goods are equal to any second grade It the market WWWWWWWWW R. mcmiLLiiims Propiietor of »sr sT Crescent City Color Ulorks 1R€w ©rleans. Xa. No. 2. of price list for Payne & Joubert. The former cover is all right and excellent until you reach the matter at the right. “ Ivens’ Pumps ” and “ Ivens’ Cotton Presses ” are the two most important things to bring out. Now, in order to do this properly, you should set the matter between the words “Ivens ” and “ Pumps ” in smaller type. Jenson would be a good letter for this purpose, but if you have not got it, French Old Style will answer very well. Work the matter in on the “ block ” or “ panel ” method. Treat the “ cotton press ” matter in the same way. The great trouble with the job as it now stands is its sameness and crowded appear¬ ance. By the method spoken of above, you will be able to make the “cotton press” portion as prominent as the “pump” matter. Then, too, you can have more room for leading. In case you made this change it would be advisable to put the words “New and Second-Hand Machinery” in St. John. It is our advice, if you have this job standing, to reconstruct it on these lines, as a practical demonstration will be most convincing and productive of good. There is too much “sameness” to the Payne & Joubert cover. We do not approve of all black to the exclusion of white space or daylight. Portions of the job should have been set in light-face type in order to give strength to important word¬ ing. The plan of the R. McWilliams cover. No. 2, is excel¬ lent, and shows how to deal in a satisfactory manner with 428 THE INLAND PRINTER. the problem of “too much matter.” Do not be backward about sending specimens for criticism, because you will be the gainer. A few pointers now may be the means of making some of the elusive elements of type display very clear to you. A. R. Allexon, with The Henry O. Shepard Company, Chicago. — ^We reproduce your title-page of The Illinois Paper Company, No. 3. It is neat, artistic and up to date, and is excellent for a black-and-white design or a color scheme. Designs on this order present the greatest possibilities. ILLINOIS PAPER COMPANY^S.^ CONDENSED PRICE EIST AND CATA- EOGIE EOR APRIE 1897 No. 181 MONROE STREET CHICAGO TELEPHONE === EXPRESS 784 Ed E. Sweet, Pomona, California. — Your samples evi¬ dence very few defects. The only one is in the card of The City Ice Company. Had you broken up the line “Artificial Ice of Pure Distilled Water,” the display would have been more effective and given the job a much better appearance. By the way, be careful of the use of the character “ &.” Do not use it, except in firm names. R. F. Dunham, proprietor Dunham Press, Southport, Connecticut. — The folder is excellent, as is also your let¬ ter-head. We cannot say as much for the bill-head. One very noticeable feature is that the words “Art Printing” are entirely too weak, the address line is too prominent, as is also the matter pertaining to type-written letters. The selection of colors is all right and very pleasing, but bad judgment has been used in picking out the lines for the strong color. The important or main line should be the ones to go in the strong color. As regards the working of your rollers, undoubtedly the damp weather had something to do with it. A good quantity of oil rubbed on the rollers and left on over night will often work wonders. Paraffin oil is excellent for this purpose, but if you don’t happen to have it, machine oil will answer. We think your foreman has considerable talent for jobwork, but it needs to be guided a little, as is evidenced by the bill-head. W. B. Martin, with the Deseret News Publishing Com¬ pany, Salt Lake City, Utah. — As a whole your samples are very creditable. The cover page of the Children's Magazine is your best specimen. It could, however, be improved by taking out the little strip of border projecting diagonally from the bottom panel and setting the publisher’s name in smaller, plain type, and moving it over to the center of the space. The certificate is also good. We believe you are on the right road. Drawing and designing will help you very much in your work. Study hard and make the most of your time to gain as wide a knowledge as possible of all branches of the printing business and kindred arts. Adolph Lehman, apprentice with Eastman & Thomas, 710 Market street, San Francisco, California. — In the show card of the Germania Club, “ 24th Annual Excursion and Picnic” is not prominent enough, otherwise it is a good job. On the Lebold Harness Co. heading too much promi¬ nence is given to “Whips, Blankets, Robes and Saddles,” and is a trifle too crowded, owing to the fact that not enough “ white” was provided for at extremes of embossed work. Otherwise your work is very creditable and we believe, by proper study, you will make a first-class printer. The work of Mr. George Knight in the pressroom is excel¬ lent, both as to colors, embossing and presswork. WiGGiNTON & Conger, Linneus, Missouri. — We appre¬ ciate your kind words, and those also of many others, and are gratified to Idarn that this department is of value and assistance. The two most artistic specimens in your collec¬ tion are your own letter-head and that of The Linneus Drug Company. They are both strictly up to date in all respects. We make a suggestion on your letter-head, not as regards the composition, but a color scheme. Work the Flame bor¬ der in a strong gray tint. Work the caps “ T ” and “ B ” in a bright red, also the caps “ L ” and “ M ” in the date line. Print the remainder in black. The Planters Hotel note- head has these faults ; Name of hotel not prominent enough ; “Commercial Trade” too prominent. N. Anderson, Cleburne, Texas. — For two years’ expe¬ rience your work is very creditable. The letter-head of the President of the Texas Press Association is by far your best specimen. The statement of Tom Smith is not good, because you have used entirely too large type. It is not necessary to use type so large that it will insure a full line. White space is valuable and the more “white” you have on a heading the greater the chance for effective dis¬ play. Office stationery should not have the same treatment accorded a poster or an advertisement. We have repeatedly stated that the most important thing in stationery work is the firm name, with the business a close second, but not to be accorded equal prominence. If you will remember this fact, it will help you. Charles L. Coke, with F. M. Howell & Co., Elmira, New York.— We are pleased to know that you have received benefit from this department. Your color cards, with the exception of Schubmehl Company and Rose & Bloom, are excellent. The red on the Rose & Bloom card is so strong that it has the effect of crowding the reading matter. If a dark blue had been used, instead of red, on the Schubmehl card, it would have been much better. The matter set in caps on the Morrow & Seabrooks card is too large. Smaller capitals would have made a different job of this card. The embossed card of Voorhess & Bailey is beautiful, as is also the label of “ W. N.” The presswork is also of a very high order. The school bond is an excellent piece of composition THE INLAND PRINTER. 429 and shows proper treatment in all respects. The Hooven Mercantile Company’s catalogue is too fancy. On page 18, where you have used a solid letter in conjunction with open caps, it has a bad appearance. The presswork on this cata¬ logue is first-class, but a poor selection of colors is very evident. The catalogue of Santee & Cunningham is a beau¬ tiful piece of work. The embossed cover is excellent. As a whole, your work is most creditable, but you have a strong tendency to over-ornamentation. Do not use so many orna¬ ments and your work will show up much better. Eureka Printing Company, Cleveland, Ohio. — For a printer of very limited experience in jobwork, you by no means need feel discouraged. The first attempts at the art side of printing, even by those who have since attained skill and who now rank as artists, were no better than the samples you send. It is the willingness to study, the culti¬ vation of a retentive memory and the use of common sense that go a long ways to make the proficient man. We like the spirit in which you write and propose to aid you all we can. This department is open to you and all others at all times. Make use of it. Your bill-head : Firm name too small, take out ornaments between words; “Advertising Novelties” not prominent enough, but does not want to be as prominent as the firm name; “Cigar Cases” much too large and the type is not suitable ; plan of placing the words “A Specialty” between the words “ Cigar Cases” is not good. We see you have a strong tendency to put ornaments between words in display lines. Do not do this. If you want a full line use larger type. Do not use a character “ & ” except in firm names. The Bogue & Oates bill-head is the best specimen of the lot. The statement of Adam Isheim is also creditable. Where you use tint blocks it is not a good plan to run the matter so close to the edge of the tint. In your card “ General Job Printers ” should have been accorded more prominence. The matter pertain¬ ing to advertising novelties would have been in better form had you made a neat panel of it. J. E. Perren, with P. J. McIntyre, Denver, Colorado. The McConnell card, No. 4, was not easy to handle. About the only solution is No. 5. The large capitals helped to produce a bad effect ; also the Laurel border and the Jenson ornaments placed at the upper right-hand corner. This is a case of trying to balance a job by the use of ornamentation. By all means balance the type and then be very careful of ornamentation. Your G. H. Foster bill-head, considering the vast amount of matter you had to contend with, is very C. M^C .ONNELL, I Carriage . . Ricrn . Painting 1441 Wazee Street Denver, Colo, neat and creditable, but it would have been much improved had you set the measure three picas longer, thus letting a little more “ daylight ” in between the main portion of the heading and the two panels. In the Eppel & Pinkett head¬ ing, “General Commission Merchants” is too small. The proper way to have treated this heading would have been to strengthen the line mentioned and then placed the other line, 4-5 “Wholesale Poultry, Game, Eggs, Butter, etc.,” in a neat panel at the left-hand side of the heading. W. P. Salmon card has the fault of “ Brick Contractor and Jobber” being too small. The greatest fault you have is this ; You do not bring out the important wording enough. The important portions should be made to stand out, not in an offensive or loud manner, and then group the other wording about this in an attractive manner. Considering your experience, your work is all very creditable, and we shall be pleased to aid C MCCONNELL, CARRIAGE SIGN AND ..•« ORNAMENTAL PAINTING. 1441 WAZEE ST. DENVER. COLO. No. S. you at any time. Always remember that where you use a heavy-face letter for a firm name, the business should be treated in a like manner. If it happens to be stationery printing, give the firm name the most prominence and treat the business as a close second. Arthur Briant, Hoosic Falls, New York. — The show card of the Mower and Reaper Band has quite a number of objectionable features. You have six different faces of type on the job, which is entirely too many. You start out with Bradley caps, which is especially bad on a show card. The next thing that greets the eye is the panel inclosing the words “Concert and Ball.” Three objectionable features are noticeable here — the extended caps used with extra condensed, the character “&,” which should have been spelled out, and the three rules on each side of the panel, branching out in fan style. It took time to justify the rules in that position and it did not improve the job. Had you spelled out the “ and,” you could have made a stronger dis¬ play of “Concert and Ball,” thereby giving 3'ou a longer line and doing away with the panel altogether. S. N. Kemp, Los Angeles, California. — The cover design of W. Harrison Ballard, M.D., is very good, but we cannot say that we approve the plan of setting the second line, where gothic caps are used, flush with the first line in cases where the second line does not make as long a line as the first one. This plan is all right in such faces as Jenson, where the Jenson ornaments can be used to fill out the line, but in gothics it is not a good rule to use ornaments. We would advise centering the short line with the long one. The ad. is good and shows that you know how to use white space to advantage. The Chronis Brothers’ card is also very creditable, but would have been improved had j'ou omitted the ornamentation. The card of The E. E. Henry Mantel Company is faulty ; made so, in part, by the inju¬ dicious color arrangement. “ E. E. Henry ” is in a strong brown and “ Mantel Company ” in bronze-blue. This has the effect on the card of dividing the wording that should by all means be grouped together. This is the business card of the E. E. Henry Mantel Company, and this line should have been set in one series of type of the same point and printed in the same color of ink. The setting of one portion of a firm name in one style and another part in another face would naturally be confusing in itself, when sufficient space is allowed between the lines, as was the 430 THE INLAND PRINTER. case in this job. Never do a thing of this sort for novelty’s sake. Where there is the remotest possibility of misleading a reader, remedy the fact vrithout hesitation. These mis¬ leading effects, for the sake of originality or individuality, should never be tolerated. THE POE COTTAGE. BY BURT H. VERNET. 1 WAY “ uptown,” among the hills of old Fordham, in suburban New York City, stands the quaint little cottage where Edgar Allan Poe, America’s eccentric story-teller, poet and critic, spent the most brilliant, as well as probably the most wretched, period of his life. Within a short time this humble dwelling, which has become the shrine of a host of adulators, is to be removed to Poe Cottage in its Original Position Near the Highway. an adjacent park and the present site will be obliterated by the march of city improvements, and the noisome rumble of a street railway will soon be heard on the quiet old highway. This removal has been bitterly opposed by the Shakes¬ peare Society, as well as numerous well-known newspaper Poe Cottage as it Now Stands. editors and literary lights, who could see no good reason for such a species of vandalism. But property interests and legislative enactment has done its work and sentimentalists must take a back seat. Already the authorities have placed the little building back from the highway a dozen yards or more, and the giant cherry tree which stood guard over the humble home has been cut down in the necessary work of widening the little old lane into the proud distinction of a broad city street. “ Poe cottage” is situated on the old Kingsbridge road, and was built in 1815. When occupied by the now famous writer it stood alone in a wild country, save for a few scat¬ tered farms, and must have been an ideal spot. The sur¬ roundings are picturesque even yet, although from the valley below come the clattering sounds of steam railways and busy traffic of city streets. The long contention over its removal has created quite a lively interest among the public, and, standing as it does in a region of shady lanes and good roads, it is a favorite objective point for city wheelmen and pedestrians of a lit¬ erary turn of mind, who sadly regret the alleged necessity for its removal. PRINTING AND PUBLIQTY PROBLEMS. BY MDSGROVE. Herein will be criticised each month samples of printing intended to make publicity for the users thereof. The samples will be criticised from the technical point of view of the printer and the advertising expert. All samples for this department should be marked “MUSGROVE.” For September we are going to have a little experience meeting of those printers who advertise. I would like each one to write me his experience in advertising for trade. Let him tell me ; What he used ; what paid the best ; how each thing was circulated ; what sort of people each thing was supposed to reach ; if he believes in regular adver¬ tising ; if he has found advertising by samples to pay him, and, finally, what he thinks on the subject generally, and how far a general principle has guided him. With these letters I would like to have examples of the advertising used, and where cuts are used I would like to have a black impression of the key plate for possible reproduction. This matter of advertising for printers is a vital one and demands the most serious consideration. Every day I am receiving ten or a dozen letters from printers from different parts of the country asking pertinent questions about this subject of publicity for printers. The trade is interested, and we want to help each other in a general way by comparing experi¬ ences. It will save us dollars to know what, when, how and where to advertise ourselves. If you have but a word to say, say it. It may be just the word we are waiting for. Just a word of warning : all letters must reach The Inland Printer office not later than August 1, so that I may have ample time to give them consideration and arrange for the reproduction of desirable specimens. Don’t be prosy. If there is one thing that a merchant does not want to hear it is the prosy man — the man who drones in his ear for five, ten, twenty minutes at a time. What that man says may be very good, in the business of it, but the way it is put kills it. Put vim, vitality and up-to- nowness in your talk. Be pithy, snappy ; turn your sen¬ tences quickly, and get at your point by the most direct route. Never talk for talk’s sake. Never be smart or funny just for the fun of it. Let every line have a little of your knowledge of human nature in it. Hit the man you are after by your way of putting an old proposition, but do not be so clever that you let business slide in your endeavor to catch the smile or the laugh. You can laugh an order out of a man’s head. The things we laugh at we don’t necessarily trust. Be bright, be clever, be business-like, but never be prosy. If you have a pet theory, or a pet hobby, or an invention, let it stay at home when you go out after business. Other men are not interested in you personally. They are interested in you only so far as you are able to serve them. You are prosy when you push your business in ways where they have no interest. Don’t be prosy. Messrs. Rogers & Wells, 68-70 Wabash avenue, Chi¬ cago, are making a specialty of handling the printing of THE INLAND PRINTER. 431 advertisers in such a fashion as to take all the details off the mind of the advertisers. Rogers & Wells write, design, do the engraving, print, bind and furnish complete the entire booklet. They send me a folder which they have issued for Marshall Field & Co., Chicago. They do not say whether they wrote the folder or not. The wording is rather commonplace ; but the mechanical execution is rich. The paper — a drab-colored, handmade deckle-edge linen — is very handsome ; while the embossing, together with a rather pretty piece of drawing as a cover, gives a tout ensemble of more than ordinary distinction. Now that printers are making a specialty of arranging copy, etc., should they receive credit for it on the imprint, or should they be content with the usual imprint ? I would like to hear from printers about it. The Pacific Press Publishing Company, corner Twelfth and Castro streets, Oakland, California, send me “ A Hand¬ ful of Bank Checks,” which is a little book containing a little talk on the subject of making and keeping trade by the use of printer’s ink. Some of this booklet is good, very good indeed. Here are the first few paragraphs : A BANK BOOK May be a delusion — it may be as empty as vanity, or it may be fat with the accumulation of liberal deposits. The latter represents the bank account of the successful business man of today ; the former the man who, in his ambition to make money, neglects to spend an amount sufficient to bring his wares to public attention and hold the attention when once secured. A handful of bank checks may not be of any value to you — not even with your name signed to them, but they would be valuable with the right name on them. So it is that the right kind of advertising — like the right kind of a bank check— brings returns in the good hard coin of the realm. Your stock may be large and varied and your prices right, but it will lie on your shelves forever and a day, unless you let the people know about it. That is good, and it continues good until the last of the book, where he drops into a prosy repetition of all the old hackneyed things about facilities. I never knew a printer yet who did not make the same claims — that he could do anything from a postal to a 1,000-page catalogue. Of course you could. I can take an order to do it myself. Any man can. Does that prove anything? What the user of printer’s ink is interested in is the things that you do that the other fellow does not do or cannot do. Why does not the Pacific Press Publishing Company say something about its facilities and give a reason for their being able to do the work? And the Pacific people say they put out “bright, new, catchy printed matter ” — do they ? Would it not be a good idea to tell us in what way these things are “bright, new, catchy ” ? Is it in the typeing, illustrating, writing, or what ? One is left in the dark. To sum up all my objec¬ tions in a sentence : The talk is too general. Hit one thing, but hit it hard — when you try to hit everything you fail to hit anything ; that is a good maxim to go by. One more thought, too. This booklet is printed in a very light green and a bright cherry red. Every page has a cut of the “ Speaker ” series on it, and a few words as catch lines. The spots of color are therefore large. The colors quar¬ rel — -that is, they do not blend, harmonize. Failing to blend they do not produce a pleasing effect, and by that fail to realize the full value of an ad. It would have been better had a dark olive-green been used, and the red more of a carmine. As it is the colors are “raw.” Here is another printer’s booklet, printed in red and royal purple that makes a very handsome combination, and the plain French Old Style type in which it is set gives it daintiness and distinction. After a talk in the body of the book, about printing and the special features which Hayes Brothers, “ Printers for Advertisers,” 221-225 Evelina street, Philadelphia — in the way of preparing copy for their clients — have added to their equipment, the booklet goes on to speak of the facilities that permit of work being turned out expeditiously and at a reasonable charge. And then at the end of the booklet appears this page ad.: SIXTY-FOUR 6 BY 9 PAGES WITH ONE IMPRESSION tells the whole story why we can do your work cheaper than the other printer. We do all the big- work On Our Perfecting Presses. We have the largest ones in the city. We print everything from the finest half-tone work to large booklet jobs, in the highest style of the printer’s art. The more pages you can print at a time the less time it takes to finish a job, the less time the less it costs, the less the price to you. Meaning, it Saves Ton Money on Printer’s Bills. That tells the whole story, as they say themselves. One is convinced that they can do better in handling big work than the man who has to use two presses to do the same thing that this big press of Hayes Brothers will do. That is a good card. Title-Page Design by Theodore Brown Hapgood, Jr. I HAVE received from Mr. Carl Heintzemann, proprietor of The Heintzemann Press, 234-236 Congress street, Boston, a large package of samples. It is a pleasure and a source of keen delight to handle such examples of the art preserv¬ ative. Here we have a personality impressing itself on all the work done. It marks the printing done by The Heintze¬ mann Press — the mark, too, is that of an excellent distinc¬ tion. It stands above the level of the average printing. It commands and receives attention, and, when analyzed, the simplest means are manifestly employed. It lies rather in knowing just what to do and doing it directly and without frills or fuss. There is so much gingerbread printing done in this age ; so much that is charlatanism and “flashy so much that depends upon effect through loudness and little tricks. Here we have good, honest craftsmanship — the best thing done at the right time in the most thorough manner. I reproduce the front page of a folder for Modern Art, the 432 THE INLAND PRINTER. art quarterly. This folder in its style I would cite as a fine example of the folder suitable for announcements of limited editions, high-grade publications, club functions, etc. It is printed on handmade paper, and a dead black ink is, of MODERN ART FOR 1897 Modern art enters upon its Fifth Volume with well defined plans for the future, and the intention of maintaining its standard not only as an art review of the best class, but a thing of beauty in itself, as regards typographical appearance. No change is contemplated in the policy or form of the magazine, excepting perhaps that more attention and space will be. given to current art matters than has been the custom, and a double-column page will be adopted instead of the wide, single-line page heretofore used, on account of greater legibility. THE OUTLINE FOR THE YEAR includes papers, all with full-page illustra¬ tions by the finest processes, on the follow¬ ing subjects : THE GREAT MODERN MASTERS Degas Monet Menzel Maris Inness Boecklin Whistler First Page of Circular, Reduced One-Half. course, used ; and I would suggest that the paper be damp¬ ened before printing. A closing card that is an ornament to any window or store is also among the samples. It is in old style, in black and red. A reproduction was shown in these pages last 3-ear. Mr. Heintzemann sends me a bicycle catalogue also. It is the well-known “ Humber Cj-cles.” It is printed on lilac-tinted paper, about 25 by 38, 70 pounds, and printed in a royal purple ink. The printing is well done, the catalogue is of the right size, and is distinctive because of its elegant simplicity. In the make-up of the pages I should have used vignetted half-tones, instead of the bound cuts. It costs more, but the effect would have repaid. In the wording there is dignity, straightforwardness, and simplicity in most cases ; but when the writer of the cata¬ logue got to describing the parts of the machine he com¬ menced to get bewilderingly technical. In describing the crank-hanger, for instance, here is what he says : Model Three Humber crank-hang-er, illustrating the dog which pre¬ vents adjusting cup working loose if the grub screw is insufficiently set. A following nut on the grub screw locks at the same tithe the grub screw and dog securely in position. Now, will some cycler step up and tell me what that is about? Granting all that to be true — what it it is ? This fault of writing about technicalities as if every reader was a specialist is a great fault in catalogue making. A cata¬ logue is a sale-maker, and in making sales to a crowd you must talk so that the dullest may comprehend. Mr. Heintze- mann’s part of the Humber catalogue is well done. The catalogue of the Crown Seal and Cork Company is well arranged and handsomely printed, but the cover is common¬ place in design. The half-tone work in this catalogue is especially fine, while the comprehensive index makes it a pleasure to have to refer to the Crown catalogue. The advertising matter that Mr. Heintzemann uses for himself is rather bold and uninteresting. Albeit the mechanical exe¬ cution is always faultless. I HAVE a large number of samples that must go over until next month, and I will then have something to say about estimating from the advertiser’s point of view. PRESSROOM QUERIES AND ANSWERS. CONDUCTED BY A PRESSMAN. TO CORRESPONDENTS.— Letters for this department should be mailed direct to 212 Monroe street, Chicago. The names and addresses of correspondents must be given, not necessarily for publication, but merely to identify them if occasion should arise. No letters will be answered by mail which properly belong to this department. Removing Bronze from Satin Ribbons. — Cooper & Budd, of London, England, in noting the query of “ J. W.,” of Clarksville, Tennessee, in the April number, say that they use a soft brush for removing the surplus bronze from satin ribbon, and find it answers the purpose admirably. About Middle Screws on the Peerless Press. — E. T., of Chicago, Illinois, asks to “kindly explain the use of the two middle screws on a Peerless job press ; also explain what the cause is that makes the two bottom end screws work loose. Do you think that if I tightened the bottom middle screw that it would prevent the two bottom end screws from working loose? ’’ Answer. — -Adjust the impres¬ sion screws on all four ends so that the impression is per¬ fectly even on these ; fasten the catch nuts on these screws and then tighten up the two middle screws to hold the bed stationary. To Whom It May Concern. — W. R. & Co., of Keokuk, Iowa, would like to know : “ 1. The address of some one who makes a specialty of making large rubber casts ; and is it practicable to engrave or cut out large letters in rubber ? 2. The address of a dealer in the light-weight, pliable tin, and can we buy it in different colors? 3. Does it require special inks ? 4. By having a female die made, could we use embossing compound for embossing on tin? In fact, any information in regard to the business generally will be thankfully received. Also, would not a heavy piece of zinc, such as is used for zinc etchings, make a fair, if not a good, plate to cut against in making folding boxes, especially for small boxes where light stock is used, say 24 by 36 inches, from 100 to 200 pounds manila, and No. 100 to 60 chip, pulp or straw boards.” We are at a loss as to where to refer our correspondent ; but will be pleased to have direct informa¬ tion on any of the matters inquired about for their benefit. Printing in Colors from One Plate. — J. H., of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, has sent us a couple of his speci¬ mens of printing in two colors from a half-tone plate ; one of these appearing with black over green, and the other with this order reversed, regarding which he sa3’s : “In the March number I noticed a cut worked in green and black with two impressions from the same plate. I studied it out and asked permission from the foreman to try what I could do similar, which permission was granted, and the result shows how far I have succeeded. All the men in the office were highly pleased, and said it was one more point in favor of The Inland Printer.” Answer. — The specimens sent are both good, although the inks used are not quite suited for the proper effect. Printing in as many as nine tones of color from one plate, by two impressions, was made possible by Mr. William J. Kelly in 1891. The specimens before us are imitations of a very pretty effect lately obtained by Mr. John F. Earhart. The method of producing the latter’s imi¬ tation is to print either the lightest or darkest color first, THE INLAND PRINTER. 433 then paste on about a medium thickness of card stock to the head or side guide and print the second color. Absolute register is essential to success. Spaces, Quads and LtEads Working Up in Forms. — C. B. D. N., of Orange, New Jersey, writes: “In this department, I saw an article about spaces and quads work¬ ing up in the form. I have the same trouble, as you may see from the printed sheet I send you. The press it was printed on is a Campbell pony, two-revolution, 19 by 26, built about eight years ago. After reading your answer to former correspondent, we had the press overhauled by a competent machinist, to take up any loose journals and lost motion; but the spaces and quads still ‘make their mark.’ I have marked the gripper edge so that you may see how the form is rolled. The rollers, bearers and cylinder are set perfectly true. The press was run at a high speed on this job. I have noticed one thing, namely : that the spaces do not work up so badly when the form is locked up with double iron quoins as when locked up with quoins that require a key.” Answer. — We notice that the form alluded to has over seventeen different sizes of justification, making the risk of blank material rising all the more dangerous, especially when the press is run at a very high speed, as has been the case in this instance. Aside from the speed, the job was got up in a “rush,” or as you have written us, “was set up and 18,000 worked off in a day!” there also presents the possibility of some of the leads or reglets, or both, being too long for some of the type measures, which (if such was the case), would bind on the ends and gradu¬ ally work up such weakly spaced lines as formed a part of the separate justifications. Over-long leads and reglets are a constant menace to any well made up form — whether large, small or intricate. It, therefore, behooves the com¬ positor to test these in his stick when undertaking any character of composition or make-up. From a careful examination of the sheets sent us, we cannot arrive at any other conclusion than that some of the leads or reglets were too long for the measures, or that the fast speed at which the press appears to have been run was too much for so lightly constructed a press as that employed in doing the printing. The tendency to “spring,” when passing the centers, is inherent in all such printing machines, when driven at over-natural speeds, and it is folly to expect any¬ thing else. The more rigidly the movements of a press are constructed the less liable are they to cause disturbances in the form at any speed. Rollers with too great a degree of “tack” often interfere with the harmony of forms, causing pull-ups and work-ups. Kindly take all these points into consideration when a similar job presents itself, and you may avoid most of the trouble 3’ou have experienced. Wrinkling on the Off Ends of Sheets. — J. H., of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, has sent us two copies of a rail¬ road time table, printed on bond paper, 25}i by inches, which has been made ready on the press with the head of the form to the grippers on one of the copies, and with the side of the form to the grippers on the other copy. A rule around the job incloses the many columns of figures usual in such work. Both of these methods of placing the head to the grippers have failed to remedy the wrinkle tendency. The paper is of thick bond stock and is very hard in texture, which tends to increase the difficulty of printing without wrinkling on the leaving ends of the form. Regarding the difficulty the correspondent says: “You will notice a wrinkle on the lower right corner, half-way up the sheet. I have tried all means I could think of whereby to prevent this, but to no purpose. Formerly I used a soft packing, but I am now using hard packing, and the job has worked very well. The time I was ‘ stuck ’ I was careful to have the make-ready about the same at each issue, cautioning the feeder to be careful not to get too much air under the sheet ; setting the grippers uniformly; running strings around the cylinder to keep the sheet tight, and then without strings. Dampening the paper might have remedied the evil, but as the job was in a hurry I could not afford to experiment. These are only some of the devices I have used to overcome the wrinkling.” Answer. — Hard packing for such forms is the first consideration when the work is printed on dry sheets. If the paper is dampened, then a medium-soft tympan is suitable. As the sheet on this job is almost square, it will be found that there will be less tendency to wrinkling on the ends if the head of the form faces the feed guides. Wrinkling is often caused by over-packed tympans ; sometimes when the cylinder is carried too high, or it does not run evetily on the bed bearers, there will be an irregular movement between these which will force air into the open spaces in the form as well as under the sheet of paper. If the outside rules of the form are too high, this will also cause wrinkle where the sheet leaves the impression point. We have overcome similar wrinkling by using as few of the grippers as will be sufficient to pull the sheet from the form, say four on the size of sheet mentioned. The grippers should take hold of the sheet about two inches from the ends of the paper, and set the other two grippers so as to take hold at about ten inches from these ends. Set the drop- guideS about six inches from the ends of the sheet, and be sure that the steel guide-tongues are accurately curved to the circumference incline of the cylinder and as near to the face of the full tympan as possible without danger of tearing off the top sheet. The grippers must all take hold of the sheet at the same time and hold it to the cylinder with almost absolute even pressure. All parts of the form should be of equal height, too, and the drop-guides rise and lower with positive regularity, neither one of which should drop down before the other, nor press down the tongues irregularly. Of course these precautions apply to cases where the paper is printed dry. Next arrange the steel bands so that about three of these will be sufficient to hold the sheet up to the cylinder without drag. Let the center band be set a trifle harder on the paper than the other two ; place these about three and a half inches from the ends of the sheet. It is not possible to give a rule which will apply to all cases, espe¬ cially when the stock used is extra hard or has dried more at the ends than in the middle. However, this will furnish a foundation for practical tests, and where it does not work out successfully, it can be aided by slightly shifting the position of grippers, the guides, or the steel bands. Where blanks occur in the form, next to the outer rule border, wrinkles may be prevented by boring a few round holes in the brass rules near the face of the rule. Finally, set the feed-guides so that the sheet will be taken from the feed- board in as straight a line as possible, and carried to the form in that condition. A Few Questions About Rollers. — E. T. R., of Ada, Ohio, writes : “ I would like to know a little about the care of press rollers. We have a large oscillator cylinder press. My plan was to construct a cupboard for the rollers so that the rollers could be stood on end. This cupboard to be made as fully air-tight and dust-tight as possible. The point of placing the rollers in a horizontal or perpendicu¬ lar position for safekeeping has been in dispute, and I want your opinion as to which is best. I also want to know if it is a good plan to leave the rollers in the press when done printing. My opinion is that it is not a good plan under any conditions when a proper receptacle has been provided for them. Do you advise washing rollers with benzine or oil, and placing in cupboard, or leaving ink on them and putting them away ? We use a great deal of quick-drying ink, and when we do leave the ink on them they soon become hard and dry. I think a little coal oil or machine oil might be rubbed over them when placed away. Can you give me a suggestion for a battery for a five-horse power gasoline 434 THE INLAND PRINTER. engine — one that will afford a good sized spark?” An¬ swer. — Your plan to build receptacle for press rollers is a good one, as the proper care of rollers is too flagrantly neg¬ lected. Give pressmen good rollers and they will be pre¬ pared to baffle almost all difficulties that may beset the pressroom. As to which is the most advantageous method of placing composition rollers in closed cupboards, that is an open question with many experts. Our opinion is that the size and condition of hardness or softness of the rollers has much to do with this question. If the rollers are very large, and the composition fresh or soft, to stand them up in an inclined position is the best method to retain their shape, such as when taken from the casting mold. Rollermakers rarely stand up either medium or large sized rollers in a strictly horizontal or perpendicular position, assigning as a natural reason that the fresh composition has little, if any, opportunity to settle or bag in any particular part. Air, a reasonable amount of it at any rate, is essential to the life and fitness of composition rollers. There should be a few holes at the top of your cupboard ; these may be made with a good sized auger or chisel. This provision prevents “sweating,” as it is very disastrous to composition when this sets in. Avoid washing rollers with benzine when possible, as it soon cracks their face. Tarcolin, coal oil or machine oil are preferable ; and when the rollers are sponged off with a little weak lye, after washing off the former, they will be found adapted for any kind of work. Never put rollers away that have quick-drying ink on them. If it is not desirable to wash this off at the time of stopping the press, then be sure to coat the face of the rollers with a lubricating oil of some kind. We cannot suggest anything better for an igniting battery than an electric spark of proper capacity. PROCESS ENGRAVING NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY S. H. HORGAN. In this department, queries addressed to The Inland Printer regard¬ ing process engraving will be recorded and answered, and the experi¬ ences and suggestions of engravers and printers are solicited hereto. It is believed that herein will be found a medium for the interchange of valuable hints and suggestions never before offered to those in interest. John Royle & Sons, of Paterson, New Jersey, are work¬ ing on a device for engraving the white line around half-tone cuts. A Sensitizer for Red in Three-Color Work. — William Eckhardt, of Vienna, recommends the following as superior to cyanin as a sensitizer for red : Stain any rapid dry plate of a reliable maker in : Nigrosin (1:500) . 10 parts Water . 100 “ Aqua ammonia . 1 part. The dry plates are immersed in this dye for three or four minutes ; take out, drain, and soak in 95 per cent alcohol for about five minutes, and dry in an absolutely dark room. Use some extra bromide in development. The Theory of the Formation of the Half-Tone Dot. — Out of the mass of scientific discussion that has taken place to define just how the half-tone dot is formed, Mr. Frederick E. Ives writes one paragraph that will help make clear the whole matter ; it is as follows : “It has been my practice to expose for the shadows with a small circular diaphragm aperture, the screen distance being such as to give the smallest and brightest image of this aperture upon the sensitive plate, and to expose for the high lights with a diaphragm aperture of several times greater diameter. In this way a sharp, fine dot is always obtained in the shad¬ ows, even when the high lights have to be closed up by a supplementary exposure with a large diaphragm.” In other words : The pin-hole theory and the diffraction theory, each of which has its supporters, both enter into the making of a proper half-tone negative. The fine dots in the shadows are images of the diaphragm formed by the apertures in the screen operating as pin-hole lenses, while the larger dots, which connect with each other in the high lights, are formed by diffracted light from the larger diaphragm used. This would appear to be the whole theory, in brief, of the forma¬ tion of the half-tone dot. Lining for Etching Tub.— Etcher, Portland, Oregon, writes : Please give me a good recipe for a coating for the inside of a wood etching tub. Tallow and rosin, which I am now using, gets very soft when the plate becomes warm. Answer. — Melt in an iron pot: Common black pitch . 4 pounds Asphalt . 1 pound Mix thoroughly, and when it is as hot as it can be made, pour it into the etching tub and let it flow into the corners and up on the sides. The tub should be thoroughly dry and the inside heated as hot as possible before pouring the hot tar in. Before the tar hardens, press out lumps and bubbles with a very hot flatiron kept oiled with mutton tallow. Prices for Half-Tone. — Walter Boutall, president of the Electrotypers,’ Stereotypers’ and General Engravers’ Association of London, writes to the Process Photogram : “ I feel that our Chicago friends are encountering the same difficulty which prevails on this side. The system of charg¬ ing for reproduction on the basis of measurement is radi¬ cally wrong, and the only argument that can be urged in its favor is its convenience. But it is not sufficiently elastic. A rate per square inch which in the case of certain copy is fairly remunerative may prove, under other circumstances, to be the very reverse. Much of the difficulty in the past has arisen from the want of sympathy and personal inter¬ course among those interested.” In other words, the evils of the engraving business can only be remedied, as Mr. B inner points out, by organization. The Meisenbach Com¬ pany, of London, have acted on the Chicago suggestion and changed their system of charging, thus : For poster work, 5d. per inch for blocks of 300 square inches and over; S^^d. between 200 and 300, and 6d. between 100 and 200. Retouching Photographs for Half-Tone Reproduc¬ tion. — R. W. G., Minneapolis, asks : “What should we use to touch up photographs for reproduction ? We have a good deal of trouble. Our artist uses india ink and white water color paints. Sometimes the black comes out too black, and when he uses it weak it comes out too light ; and then the white acts in the same way ; sometimes it photographs dark and sometimes too light. Our photo- engraver suggested we write to you, for he says he gets very valuable information in his business from The Inland Printer every month.” Answer. — Your artist’s trouble in retouching photographs for half-tone reproduction is due to the india ink and white he uses. The first likely has considerable blue in it, not perceptible to the eye ; but the iodide of silver plate on which the half-tone negative is made, being so sensitive to blue, photographs the diluted wash of india ink lighter than it appears to the eye. The white used is an opaque color which photographs very white when put on the photograph thickly, but when used in a thin wash it does not cover up the underlying photograph as effectually as is calculated. Try Winsor & Newton’s Special Process Black, and Alba- nine, a new white they have prepared for this very purpose. You will find them a pure black and white. Half-Tones for the Daily Newspapers. — In April of last year mention was made in this department of the use of half-tones on fast web presses by two newspapers. Their methods of employing half-tones was here given and it was shown their success was due to inserting the original half¬ tones in the stereotype plate. It was recommended at the same time to other papers — now many papers are experi¬ menting in half-tone and some are succeeding to such an THE INLAND PRINTER. 435 extent that it is safe to predict that the future of daily news¬ paper illustrating lies in the application of half-tone to that end. Half-tone has several reasons to recommend it to enterprising newspaper publishers : In the first place, if properly handled, it gives more pleasing results than the most carefully treated pen-and-ink drawings. Then it is much cheaper, and further, it dispenses, to some extent, with the most abused, because least understood, employe of the modern newspaper — the artist. Yet it will take many years before half-tone is thoroughly established on the newspapers, owing to the lack of intelligent half-tone oper¬ ators and pressmen. The first think the rushed work of the newspaper beneath them, while the latter are opposed to the innovation. Both will see more progressive men take their places if they do not give up their prejudices and accept half-tone on the fast daily newspaper press as a necessity of the present day. Enamel Formula for Hard Zinc. — American Steel & Copper Plate Company makes a very important inquiry : “Will you kindly furnish us with a correct formula for etching hard or Illinois zinc ? We wish a formula that will do the work properly, but rapidly. The reason we make this request is that we are continually receiving inquiries from photo-engravers who understand etching pure zinc, but cannot etch the hard zinc. If you can favor us with this information, we shall be greatly obliged to you.” Answer. — The following will be found the simplest formula for a protective coating that will permit hard zinc to be etched satisfactorily : Le Pag-e’s glue . 4 ounces Albumen . 1 ounce Water . 10 ounces Merck’s bichromate of ammonia . % ounce Aqua ammonia cone . 25 drops When the zinc is polished and entirely free from grease, some of the above filtered solution is flowed over it and the plate dried while whirling over a gentle heat. After the plate is exposed and developed, it is allowed to soak for about five minutes in a three per cent solution of formic aldehyde, also known as formalin. This latter tans or toughens the glue to such an extent that the enamel requires scarcely more than heating until it is thoroughly dry to be hard enough to resist effectually the acid bath. The enamel can be heated, though, until it is a straw color, it being entirely unnecessary to carry the burning-in further — in fact, to heat the enamel until it becomes brown, as on cop¬ per, would be injurious to it. Lithography in Half-Tone. — L. Von G., Cincinnati, writes of his tribulations in making half-tone transfers that will give satisfactory results when transferred to stone. The writer spent the ten best years of his life in making photo-lithographic transfers so that he appreciates the cor¬ respondent’s trials with the feeling of a fellow-sufferer, and will be pleased to aid him by private correspondence if the following brief instructions are not sufficient : In the first place abandon the making of half-tone transfers entirely. Instead of which print the transfer direct on stone from the half-tone negative. I would recommend to you the “ Manual of Photo-Engraving,” by H. Jenkins, published by The Inland Printer Company. Chapter VIII of this work describes thoroughly the reversing of negatives which you will need to practice. On page 71 of the same book you will find a sensitizing solution as follows : Albumen from fresh egg . 1 ounce Water . 8 ounces Bichromate of ammonium . IS to 20 grains Add to this aqua ammonia drop by drop until the solution becomes a pale straw color and filter. Have the litho-stone, on which you wish to make the half-tone transfer, quite warm. Pour sufficient of the sensitizing solution on the stone, spread it evenly with a flat camel’s-hair brush. Then turn the stone up on edge to let the solution draw off. This should be done in a darkroom with heat to dry the stone. When the latter is dry, roll over it a very thin coat of castor oil, then transfer to it the detached half-tone negative film reversed. Squeegee the film in intimate contact with the stone and let it dry. Now the stone can be taken from the darkroom and exposed for, say one minute, to sun¬ light, or five minutes in the shade. Return the stone to the darkroom, peel off the negative film which was attached merely by the castor oil, and roll up with transfer ink, develop the stone with water and a wad of absorbent cotton or a soft sponge as you now do transfers, and the result will be a half-tone print on stone that for sharpness no trans¬ ferred print can compare. Engraving White Designs on Black Ground.— George D. Farrar, Waco, Texas, sends, clipped from The Inland Printer, some advertisements rendered very effect¬ ive by engraving the letters and designs in white on a solid black ground, and writes : “ I inclose you two specimens cut from the advertising pages of that incomparable publi¬ cation, The Inland Printer, and would ask you how the plates are made ? I have corresponded with two large printing firms, with whom I am acquainted, and one said it was done by using a peculiar kind of ink which eat out a zinc plate, while the other claimed it was engraved. In this dilemma I concluded to apply at the ‘fountain head,’ know¬ ing that if I failed there, there was no use of going further. It is a kind of work I have never had anything to do with, and being a constant reader of The Inland, am anxious to be up toward the front. And being a ‘ Yankee,’ I am never backward in asking questions.” Answer. — This method of photo-engraving is really a very simple matter, and it is surprising it is not more frequently used. It consists in engraving the plate from a positive of the design instead of a negative. An ordinary photo-engraver’s negative is made of the design ; this negative is photographed again, making a positive from it, just as a magic lantern slide is made, care being taken that the design is not reversed in the operations. With a camera provided with a partition in the center, where the lens can be placed, it is only necessary to secure the negative in the front of the camera with a sheet of white paper on the plan board, to reflect light through the nega¬ tive and then copy the latter. With an ordinary camera the negative can be put up on a window with a sheet of ground glass or clear white paper behind it and copied to the proper size to get a positive. If the photo-engraver is familiar with dry plate manipulation, he can make the positive by expos¬ ing a transparency plate behind an unreversed negative of the design and thus get a positive. The positive of the design obtained, a photo-engraving is made by any of the usual methods. A PACKAGE of letters of inquiry addressed to this depart¬ ment has been unfortunately lost. If the writers whose queries are not answered this month will kindly repeat them, they will be replied to personally by return mail. A WIDE-AWAKE AND INSPIRING JOURNAL. I have been in the business of “striking off” jobs for several years, and I did my work after a fashion. About three years ago I saw an ad. of The Inland Printer and subscribed for it. It comes to Berea College reading rooms. It has opened a new world to me, and has been the source of much inspiration and pleasure. I spend nearly as much time studying the ads. as I do the reading matter and have become a customer of many of the advertisers to the amount of hundreds of dollars a year. I consider it the most wide¬ awake and inspiring periodical that reaches the reading rooms of Berea College. — Will D. Candee, Students' Job Print, Berea, Kentucky. 436 THE INLAND PRINTER. POSTER-LORE, AND THE NEWER MOVEMENTS. All specimens submitted for criticism, and all correspondence on this head, should be addressed personally to the writer, in care of this office. Designs intended for reproduction must be mailed flat, or properly pro¬ tected by tube if rolled. The art-editorship of What to Eat has been given up by Mr. Gardner C. The first volume of the German weekl3’, Jngetid, was announced by an effective poster by Ludwig von Zumbusch. The design was also used as a cover for one of the issues of the paper itself. It represented two young girls and extremely interesting to poster enthusiasts in that, aside from its vivid picturesqueness, it shows the Parisian manner of affixing the posters — a method that many American collectors have doubtless read about, but not seen. The June and July designs are here shown. For beauty of decorative effect, combined with good drawing of the figure, few artists can rival Mucha. His design for “ Lorenzaccio ” is as fine in its way as his “ Gismonda.” We show a reproduction of the “Lorenzaccio” design here. Charming in its simplicity is a design by Forrest for Hare & Co., a firm of London engravers and postermakers. Against a background of solid buff, a monkish youth, in gray gown and black hood, is shown with his face in sharp profile before a blood-red moon. The book and the crook he bears are solid A German Poster by Von Zumbusch. running joyously over green meadows, swinging between them an ancient, grisled bit of a man. The colors used are black, green and blue, with flesh A SET of posters worth general attention is that of the International, the Chicago magazine issuing translations from the foreign languages. There have been issued, so far, seven posters. The first was by Fred Richardson ; the second by T. B. Meteyard ; the third by Richardson ; the fourth and fifth by Will Carqueville ; the sixth by Richardson, and the seventh by Carqueville. The new series of posters being used by The Inland Printer is dis¬ tinctly deserving the attention of discriminating collectors. The series began last November. Although the artist producing them, J. C. Leyen- decker, was, even ere he left for Paris, one of the most promising of American artists, his newer work shows evident improvement, both in drawing, individ¬ uality and feeling for color. The February poster, was decidedly Parisian, white. Some idea of this design may be gained from our reduction of it. Its style reminds one of the Beggarstaff method slightly. Forrest is an artist whose black-and-white work may frequently be seen in Fan, the Sketch, and other London papers. For a Paris newspaper, V Eclair, a competition in posters was lately held and the following artists adjudged to have produced designs entitling them to the final concourse: Leonce Burret, Gottlob, Thomas Henri, Amedee Joyau, Leon Londe, Georges Meunier, Lucien Ott, D. M. Pellegrin, E. Vavas- seur, Henri Vollet. The following gentlemen acted as a jury: L. O. Merson, F. Cormon, F. Humbert, P. Lagarde, Forain, Willette, Steinlen, Grasset, Guillaume and Mucha. The first book printed at Will Bradley’s Wayside Press, in Springfield, Massachusetts, was Alice Meynell’s “ The Children.” Aside from the pleas¬ ing essays on child-life, that form the contents of the volume, the book is exceedingly interesting to lovers of fine work. A delicate leaf design in olive THE INLAND PRINTER, 437 and light green forms the cover ; another flower design in the same delicate shades is used for the end-papers, and there is yet a title-page design — all by Bradley. Each essay has an original initial and title decoration. Rough-edged paper and good type aid in making the externals of this vol¬ ume adequate to the choice English Mrs. Meynell’s essays invariably bring. The book is published by John Lane, of the Bodley Head, New York and London. Bradley’s poster for “ When Hearts Are Trumps ” has been repro¬ duced in the French publication, Les Maitres de I’Afficke. posters he is equally marvelous. His diabolical cynicism, his brutally candid portrayal of the end-of-the-century feminism, and his preciously perfect technic commend him to the study of all artists. A portrait of him, by Charles Tichon, is here given, copied from the original, which was done for the Caprice Revue, of Belgium. The young New York artist, F. R. Kimbrough, whose covers one has seen on the Ec//o and some of the pamphlet magazines, has been designing very effective book-covers. Two publications of H. S. Stone & Co., “Miss Ayr of Virginia,” and “Flames,” bear his designs, and H. C. Wells’ For the 1897 Year-book published by the proprietors of Le Rire, in Paris, there is a delightful cover by Leandre, which we reproduce here in black and The effective illustrations to an article on the new Library of Congress in Washington, in Scribner’s for June, were by Ernest C. Peixotto, whose cover designs for early numbers of the delightful and lamented Lark are yet remembered. A REALLY charming sketch of Anna Held, by Rob Wagner, formed the frontispiece to the June number of the Clack Book. It is in black and pink, and a happy correctness in register of printing has aided in producing a delightful result. A NUMBER of the most artistic periodicals in Paris, among them the Mercnre de France, the Revue Blanche, La Critique and L’Ermitage, lately arranged a complimentary luncheon given to that exquisite stylist and poet, M. Catulle Mendes. A HANDSOME example of the manner in which Germany is now taking up posters is the design done by F. Dannenberg for the new (1897) volume of Jugend, the periodical that, though only a little over a year old, has grad¬ ually gained the first place in the artistic weeklies of the world. For fine color printing and bold art Jtcgend is unexcelled. The poster in question is in several colors and gold. Much praise was given the Louis Rhead posters lately shown at the Salon des Cent, in Paris. Says La Forgue, a writer in La Plume : “These designs, modestly catalogued as advertising posters, are really magnificent frescoes, consti¬ tuting the most charming mural decoration possible.” F. Dannenberg’s Poster for Jugend’s New Volume. “Thirty Strange Stories,” just out, by Edward Arnold, of New York, also has a cover design with “ F. R. K.” in the corner. Inasmuch as Mr. Kim¬ brough is becoming noted for cover designs that are of decided merit, several of his book covers being used by a firm well known for giving its volumes the most picturesque clothes, he deserves being more closely intro¬ duced to the readers of this paper. Such introduction comes by way of the sketch of himself, done specially for this purpose and herewith shown. Mr. Kimbrough is young yet, and his art is hardly formed to a definite, obvious intention ; but there is good promi.se in its decorative qualities. A member of the Art Students’ League of New York, whence so much good has already come, Mr. Kimbrough has the best po.s.sible advantages toward improvement. Several decorative ornaments by Louis Hhead, for typographical use, were shown in recent numbers of La Plume. The same paper signals the great success attained by the exhibition of this artist’s posters at the Salon des Cent, in Paris. Portrait of F. R. Kimbrough, By Himself. An Almanac Cover by C. Leandre. Portrait of Felicien Rops, By C. Tichon. 438 THE INLAND PRINTER. uses desig-ns by differing artists ; so does the Bookman and the Century, and elsewhere there seems to be but spasmodic use of posters for periodicals. I wonder, by the way, how many persons have complete sets of the curious cover designs Mr. Gould did for Philadelphia Footlights. They will be valu- A BOOK-PLATE has been made by the French designer, Henri Detouche, for M. Gustave Kahn. For a. C. Gunter’s new novel, “ Don Balasco of Key West,” Archie Gunn has done a poster in red, green and black. In an advertising exhibition, given lately in Amsterdam, out of fifty- two designs submitted the prize poster was by M. Deuring, of Rotterdam. One of the most artistic posters that the “L” stations in New York have harbored was the one by Nankivell, announcing an article of Marie Corelli’s in the Journal. It was mainly in a delicate gray tint, but also had reds, blues, yellows and black. A black-and-white reproduction of the design is here shown, but the actual poster was in such delicate tints that no such facsimile can give aught but a hint of its worth. As a piece of printing the poster was also noticeable, the lithographers having sense enough to follow the artist’s sketch implicitly instead of inventing details on their own account, as too many seem to be unable to avoid. Humphreys, the Rochester (N. Y.) bookseller and collector. There are also a number of sketch-book studies by Steinlen, and much to make the number of interest to lovers of illustration and decoration. The French caricaturist who has perhaps the greatest international fame is Caran D’Ache, who is, as a matter of fact, half French, half Rus¬ sian. His legal name is Emanuel Poire. His early years were spent in the study of warfare, rather than art, although at an early age he formed a liking for the military paintings of Detaille. It was from a desk in the French War Office that he sent out his first caricatures, signing them with the Russian word for lead pencil, which still remains the name under which the world knows him. Another step forward toward general celebrity was his production at the well-known cafe, now no more, the Chat Noir, of a series of shadow-pictures, invented and silhouetted by himself. All Paris came to see these pictures, and the fame of them went even to the Czar of Russia, who has henceforth been a constant purchaser of Caran D’Ache’s originals. The originality, humor and boldness of his linework justify the highest pos¬ sible opinions of his rank in modern black-and-white. In posters, there is not much of his work obtainable, although a commanding design done for the “ Exposition Russe ” is usually to be found in any representative exhibition. PATENTS OF INTEREST TO PRINTERS. BY CHARLES M. CHAPMAN. In the second number of a new French periodical, L’Estampe et L'Affiche, to which M. Alexandre Henriot, the promoter of the magnificent poster show held last winter in Rheims, is a contributor, a reproduction is given of Mr. Nankivell’s “Modern Marriage Market” poster, now also shown in these columns. From the accompanying comment by M. Henriot I translate the following extracts, interesting as showing the French point of view on what is undoubtedly as good a poster as America has put out for some time : “This sort of poster, having something of the manner of caricature, is always in fashion on the other side of the ocean, and when fashioned by an artist of Nankivell’s talents, is safe, by its qualities of vigor and composition, in the class deserving artistic rank. One sees a row of prisoned belles, with charming shoulders and glowing tresses; their heads alone touched by the light from the Chinese lanterns suspended on high. Their gowns are kept in a bluish shadow, upon which the blood red of the title comes a trifle garishly. These are the slaves at the mercy of suitors whose hands alone show in the design, and Love is making his escape. There is a mystery here, and for its solution one would probably have to read the article advertised. Certainly there is much talent here for but a slight aim; yet, slight though that aim be, it is the one the artist has set himself, and one that he has, in my belief, attained.” Other posters that are reproduced in the same number of the periodical named are Louis Tinayre’s design for “ Orphelins,” four Belgian creations by Privat Livemont, Nys and Lynen ; Theodore Heine’s bull-dog poster for the German weekly, Simplicisshnus, and Miss Stowell’s poster for George P. Old as is the art of printing and numerous the improvements in its many branches, it is amazing to note that great activity is still being manifested to bring^to perfection the myriad of machines which have been conceived and patented. Advances are often made with immense strides followed by long periods of comparative inactivity, as though the remarkable productions had removed all chance of further improvement. Then demands of an extraor¬ dinary nature will have the effect of spurring the genius of man to new achievements, and a new era is entered upon. The history of the art of printing discloses several such eras, and in certain of them American energy and genius have played their part, giving to the world remarkablj' ingenious mechanisms, producing wonderful results and exhibiting perfection in work¬ manship. Following is an outline of patents granted during the month of May pertaining to the art of printing : Fig. 1 shows a printing machine involving the improvements of Asa P. Tuttle, of Elgin, Illinois. In this machine mechanism is provided whereby ink of two or more colors may be applied to the material to be printed, rap¬ idly and continuously, and whereby the stock, after being printed, may be cut into any length, and each sheet delivered as cut. Means are also pro¬ vided for preventing the stock, after being cut, from sticking to and clog¬ ging upon the knives, and for parting each sheet from the roll after it has passed under the knives. Walter E. Crane, of Hartford, Connecticut, has improved upon machines for producing printing surfaces. Fig. 2 showing one of his machines, wherein a series of key levers are provided, each adapted for controlling the move¬ ments of a certain pair of dies. Upon the depression of a key lever, the dies are brought into position on each side of the printing strip, and there held until an impression is made, thereafter the parts returning to normal position. The dies are operated radially to make the impression, after being brought into proper position. Means are provided for effacing errors by restoring the surface to normal condition, when it may receive the proper impression. Fig. 3 shows a machine involving other of Mr. Crane’s improvements. In this instance, means are provided for pre¬ venting two keys making their impressions when struck together, or when one is struck lightly in advance of the other, in the latter case the second impression not being made unless the first key bar completed its stroke. Other improvements are made involving means for varying the line spacing as required. The printing machine of Fig. 4 contains many novel fea¬ tures. The inventor is Matthew Vierengel, of Brooklyn, New York. Particularly, the machine is designed for taking proof impressions, but certain of the features are applicable to printing machines in general. In this machine the length of the matter to be printed is automatically determinable: first, of the distance the form carrier is required to move to take an impression; second, of the duration of the feed; third, of the degree of tension applied to the paper; fourth, of the setting in action of the cutting mechanism to sever the printed sheets; and fifth, of the quantity of ink taken from the fountain by the drop roll to supply the form roll. Jacob R. Koffenberger, of Baltimore, Maryland, who has assigned two-thirds to Harry A. Demuth and George C. Potterfield, of same place, has invented the apparatus shown in Fig. 5, which is capable of attachment to any oscillating printing press, and is for the purpose of enabling said press to, -print circulars from a roll of paper and cut them off at each operation of the press. Fig. 6 shows in plan a printing machine equipped with the tympan mechanism invented by Luther C. Crowell, of Brooklyn, New York, who has assigned to Robert Hoe, THE INLAND PRINTER. 439 Theodore H. Mead, and Charles W. Carpenter, of New York City. His invention involves novel means for operating the delivering, as well as the receiving, rollers which carry the tympan, and for controlling the shifting movement of the tympan, governing the extent of movement of the latter at each shifting operation, and determining the time of the latter. The type-plunger of Fig. 7 is covered by patent to Charles D. Hughes, of Brooklyn, New York, assigned to the Empire Typesetting Machine Com¬ pany, of New York City. This plunger is adapted to be used in the Dickin¬ son type-distributing machines, wherein the plungers move the rows of carriers in the raceways and carry on their face devices acting upon the clutches of the carriers for opening said clutches one by one as the carriers move down the raceways. Fig. 8 shows a machine invented by Joseph L. Firm, of Jersey City, New Jersey, assigned to the Goss Printing Press Company, of Chicago, Illinois, for printing and assembling the pages of a book section with the final fold at the back, ready for binding with a straight, forward progression, without the use of collectors or diagonal turners and without the delay and risk of accident due to frequent reversals and changes of direction. The printing machine of Fig. 9 is the invention of Samuel C. Hurlbut, of Elmwood, Connecticut, who has assigned to Wilbur E. Goodwin, of West Hartford, Connecticut. This machine is to be used by shipping clerks and others who employ numerous rubber and other stamps. It consists of a rotary holder, formed of a blank of thin metal having radial Incisions whereby separate members are formed, the latter being turned at a right angle to the middle portion of the blank and adapted to support printing Frank H. Cross, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, has been granted a patent covering a printing press especially designed to imitate typewriting, and involving several novel features. A hand printing press has been improved upon by James L. Lee, of Chi¬ cago, Illinois, the object being to avoid blurring by preventing the tympan from pressing a sheet upon the form before it is subjected to pressure of the impression roll. Another object is to prevent the guide blocks from binding in their ways and to reciprocate said blocks in unison, whereby the movement of the roller at both ends will be uniform. Benjamin F. Curtis, of Brooklyn, New York, has invented a printing plate which can be easily adjusted and replaced, which is held firmly in place and can adjust itself to the roller so as to print uniformly throughout. Being devoid of sharp edges, it is not easily injured by handling. A printer’s galley has been invented by Ferdinand Wesel, of Brooklyn, New York, which has one side wall lower than the other, and both said walls being provided with outer, inwardly inclined surfaces, and outwardly project, ing flanges at their upper ends. A clamp is provided at one side with a downwardly extending angular portion, and a guide portion extending over the flange of the lower side wall. A movable portion of the clamp is pro¬ vided with a part which extends over the guide flange of the higher side wall. * Philip T. Dodge, of New York City, who has assigned to the Mergen- thaler Linotype Company, of same place, has invented means for automat¬ ically cleaning, while in the machine, the side faces of the matrices used in the Mergenthaler linotype machines, without changing the machine. The result is accomplished by moving wedge spaces in contact with the side faces of the matrices. Charles A. Pinkham, of Wollaston, Massachusetts, assignor to the C. A. Pinkham Printing and Publishing Company, of Boston, Massachusetts, has machines. The improvements are of a nature to simplify the machine and improve its operation. Paul F. Cox, of Chicago, Illinois, assignor to the Cox Typesetting Machine Company, of same place, has made several improvements in type¬ setting machines. The objects of the invention are to simplify and improve the type reservoir to prevent choking of the ejecting mechanism; to provide a positively acting ejector mechanism controlled by key trips; to provide means whereby lines of type can be separated, automatically justified, and forwarded to the galley while the types are or may be continuously composed ; and to provide means for producing yielding spaces. All the mechanisms are combined in a simple, compact machine, the operations of which will always be visible and entirely under the control of one operator. A highly improved and very complicated type-justifying machine has received protection by Letters Patent dated May 25, 1897. The inventors are Walter Jay Ennison, of Chicago, Illinois, and William H. Honiss,of Hart¬ ford, Connecticut, who have assigned to The Thome Typesetting Machine Company, of New Jersey. The inventors have obtained claims for many novel features and combinations, some of which latter are quite generic. THE ADS, AN OBJECT LESSON. Our office was started January 1. One of the most valued “assets” in the shop is The Inland Printer, bound Volume I to date. Scarcely a day passes without consulting it for some purpose or other. The ads. are object lessons which we never tire of studying. Needless to say the set is not for sale. — Kenny & Harrison, Art Printers, 4.g East Chestnut street. Canton, Illinois. SPORT IN THE WISCONSIN WOODS. THE INLAND PRINTER. 441 P. J. THOMAS, PRINTER AND JOURNALIST, SAN FRANCISCO. BY STYLUS. Few printers on the Pacific Coast are known as well as P. J. Thomas, the subject of this sketch. The young- men of 1850 are now old, if living, and the number remaining in the printing business, in San Francisco, or elsewhere, is very small. Mr. Thomas was born in the city of Galway, Ireland, in 1830, and began to serve his time to the printer’s trade in his native city. After spending two years at the case in Gal¬ way, he determined to go to America, and effected a satis¬ factory arrangement with his emplo5’er. For several years after coming to America he was employed in New York, but in March, 1855, he left that city for San Francisco, arriving there a month later. Since that time he has been prominently identified with the best interests of Califor¬ nia, both literary and commercial. His first employment in San Francisco was on a weekly paper called the Cosmopolitan, the creation of an erratic genius named Hugh McDermott, who afterward became a resident of Jersey City, where he published a daily paper with greater success than crowned his efforts in San Fran¬ cisco. R. F. Ryan, at that time a prominent lawyer, was the editor ; P. J. Thomas, S. F. Barstow (for many years afterward publisher of a newspaper at San Rafael and lat¬ terly postmaster) and W. Clarke were the compositors. After a few issues the Cosmopolitan was suspended, the publisher, McDermott, suddenly realizing that he lacked experience and was not a born success as a newspaper manager. In October, 1855, Mr. Thomas joined the Bulletin force of compositors, all of whom were rated as first-class men. His allegiance to the principles of the union, during the strike of 1858, cost him his position, and his enforced idleness led him into other channels. From a journeyman printer he now became editor and proprietor, and the Monitor, a weekly Catholic journal, was launched with Mr. Thomas’ name as editor and proprietor. Not satisfied with his success in that enterprise, he resigned it to other hands. In 1864, Charles H. Webb, who wrote under the pen name of “Inigo,” started the Californian, a brilliant weeklj% after which style the Argonaut was later modeled. With this paper were Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain), Bret Harte, and Charles Warren Stoddard, all ambitious young writers with their reputations to make. After a few months the capital of the publisher “petered out,” and the paper became the property of Thomas E. E. Stickney, an old printer of the good old days, and a young man named Collner, now employed on the Daily Examiner. The two labored hard and spent all they made in the editorial department. Clemens, Harte and Webb, when the enter¬ prise failed two years later, set out for pastures new, and right well did they profit by the change. Thomas and Coll¬ ner are the only survivors of the Californian, which in its short life was considered among the best of the literary weeklies of the time. Mr. Thomas resumed his connection with the Bulletin in 1860, taking the position of foreman, which he held for a number of years. In 1870 he determined to engage in busi¬ ness for himself, and, an opportunity presenting itself, he purchased an interest in the job office of which William M. Hinton was one of the proprietors, located at the corner of Clay and Sansome streets. With this venture followed suc¬ cess, and in a few years Mr. Thomas became the sole owner of the business, which was then one of the foremost job printing offices in San Francisco. Here he remained for a number of years, when increasing business compelled him to seek larger quarters, and the office was moved to the corner of Davis and Sacramento streets. This proved an unfortunate venture, and after three years he has moved into the immediate neighborhood of the principal printing offices, and is now located at 320 Sansome street. Mr. Thomas was an active member of Eureka Tj'po- graphical Union, and filled the offices of secretary and treasurer for a number of terms, always to the satisfaction of his fellow-members. While not an unreasonable and unreasoning union man, he has always stood for what is best and most worthy of emulation in that body. As an employer he preserves the same spirit of fairness and justice that were manifested as an emplo3’e. Mr. Thomas has written, compiled and printed a number of books or pamphlets, the principal one being a sketch of the California Missions. His love of the land of his birth has prompted him to favor the authors of Ireland, and the greater number of his publications, at least those of which he undertook the issue and sale, are the works of Irish authors. He is now about to issue a new edition of Crow¬ ley’s “Irish Poets and Novelists,” a work which was greatly admired by readers of that literature. It can be truthfully said of Mr. Thomas that no man holds the general esteem and good will of his competitors and employes so completely. Now in the evening of his life, his friends only wish that a larger measure of prosper¬ ity had followed him, and that he could be relieved of the worries and cares of business without sacrificing its emoluments. NOTES AND QUERIES ON LITHOGRAPHY. BY EMANUEL F. WAGNER. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from lithographers, lithographic artists, and others interested. Indi¬ vidual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. Mark letters and samples plainly “ WAGNER.” Litho Designs in Letterpress Work. — H. W., Brook¬ lyn, New York, asks: “I have seen some fine engraving of commercial work in The Inland Printer from time to time. Was it printed from the type press ? If so, does that not mean harm to my business ? I am an engraver on stone.” Answer. — The work j’ou speak of was printed in the type press. It only means a wider application of the litho-engraver, both in his design and execution, to other methods of printing ; consequently more work to the right hands. Keep a watchful eye to everything going on, through the medium of The Inland Printer, and you will be safely borne along by the tide. Contortion in Transferring. — J. W. K., Washington, D. C., asks: “A rubber reducing machine, bought lately from a New York firm, contorts the work, and further¬ more, in transferring, the rubber sticks to the stone, giving no results. What is the trouble?” Answer. — Too much enlargement or reduction should not be attempted with these devices. The French radiating machine is the best. Fitness of the work for such manipulation must be also evi¬ dent. Reductions always go better than enlargements. The exact proportion for shrinkage or stretching must be determined by proportional dividers or calculation upon the diagonal. For instance, if a label 4 by 5 inches is to be reduced one-third in area it would be 2% by 2J| inches ; but a one-third reduction in height measured by proportional dividers would make it 2}^ by 3/5 inches. If the rubber is of even thickness, and properly fastened at corners, with rubber cement, it will work all right. The reason why the 442 THE INLAND PRINTER. rubber sticks to stone is because your starch coating- evi¬ dently contains glycerin ; as the rubber cannot be moistened from the back, the composition must be dry upon the rub¬ ber, and only moistened by the breath just before putting it down upon the stone. Large Stones and Substitutes Therefor. — Although a Brooklyn firm of lithographers claims to have overcome the matter of buying large stones, by a method of cement¬ ing several small stones closely together upon a thick slate slab, it still remains a question whether in practice this will not be a cumbersome way, unless, indeed, a new indus¬ try might develop of making a specialty of sawing and polishing this stone into thin slabs and accurately joining them together with a certain cement, and thus supplying the wants of anybody for very large stones. In that direction, this plan certainly has some fascinating features. This reminds me of the German invention I read about some years ago, for which, I think, a patent was granted, namely, to coat a metal plate, zinc or aluminum, with a chemical deposit of actual lithographic stone. There is a promising field here, open for enterprise and invention. First Lithographic Steam Press. — The first litho¬ graphic steam press in the United States came from Ger¬ many in 1859, and was exhibited in one of the buildings on ground now occupied by the East River Bridge, on William street. New York. The printers of that day had many a laugh at the expense of that press. The firm of Sarony & Knapp bought it and used it only on the most common work, and with but little profit. It was not more than one or two years thereafter when Mr. Hoe, who was then building type presses, came out with an improved machine the product of which made some of the hand-press printers stare. About this time an improved French press made its appearance also. A general wail went up against the “machine” that was taking away the bread from the mouths of the work¬ man. Still, time has proved that if the “machine ” had not been invented, lithography would have been a thing of the past long ago. The time is at hand when this machine will be retired, unless all signs fail. The cumbersome stone, the slow motion of press with its attendant large floor space, cost, danger to building in its swaying motion, and other important considerations, are working a change, and by simplifying its manipulations will come again to the aid of lithography by obtaining another long lease of existence for our art. Suggestions to Artists and Designers. — The Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, New York, is certainly a versatile medium for the training of artisans and artists. In the departments of fine arts, the work by students in ceramics, oil and water-color painting, composition, freehand, life and portrait drawing, design, etc., shows good execution, and almost each department bears evidence of excellent methods in teaching. The library is arranged for art refer¬ ence, having a large collection of photos and art books ; and lastly, the laboratories and workshops are not the least in interest. Art has received another stimulus by the opening of a new museum, the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sci¬ ences. The display of pictures there is one of the best ever shown in this country. The building has been well planned for the purpose it serves, is a credit to Brooklyn and an inspiration to the cause. It is thought by many that it ranks third in importance among such buildings in the United States. The Free Museum of Decorative Art is a timely addition to that great monument to Peter Cooper — the Cooper Institute, to which so many lithographers, now scattered all over the country, owe so much of their knowl¬ edge in drawing. The late addition is after the Mus6e des Arts D6coratifs, of Paris, and has been projected by the Misses Hewitt (Peter Cooper’s granddaughters) in memory of the great philanthropist. Many objects have been loaned by progressive citizens. Everything has been classified with the greatest care and competence, covering a wide range of art and industry — scrapbooks filled with useful material for the general designer, from all parts of the globe, aided by a reference library, are not the least useful. It truly supplies a want which the regular fine art museums do not present. It ought to have a decided effect in improv¬ ing the tone of our industrial art. Now let us hear of what is being done for art in the other large cities of the Union. While reviewing art collections, I cannot pass the very Cover Design by P. A. Schwarzenbach. choice collection of paintings on exhibition to the friends of the American Lithograph Company, corner Fourth avenue and Nineteenth street. Catalogues of the same will soon be ready for distribution. When going through that gigantic, exquisitely equipped establishment of cosmographies, that collection is one of the points of interest. Among the many opportunities offered in a large city to acquaint oneself with art matters, aside from museums, libraries, dealers, etc., are the large department stores. It pays an artist or designer to perambulate through one of these mammoth stores, when in search of ideas. AMERICAN PRESSES. The celebrated Ramage press was invented by Adam Ramage, of Philadelphia, in 1790. George Clymer, of the same city, invented the Columbian press in 1817. This was a great improvement on former hand presses. In 1826 a power press was made by Treadwell, of Boston, and in 1830 Isaac Adams, of the same city, invented the Adams bed and platen press. Cylinder presses, invented by Rich¬ ard M. Hoe, came into use in 1842, and two years after¬ wards a press for color printing was patented by T. F. Adams, of Philadelphia. The Adams press was made a “perfecting” press in 1845, by John L. Kingsley, thus enabling both sides of the sheet to be printed with one feeding. The first successful rotary press was built by R. Hoe & Co., and was used to print the Philadelphia Ledger, April 9, 1847. The Gordon job press was patented by George P. Gordon, of New York, in 1850 ; and the Bul¬ lock lightning press by William Bullock, of Philadelphia, in 1863. THE INLAND PRINTER. 443 BUFFALO TYPOTHETAE BANQUET. The fifth annual dinner and election of .officers of the Buffalo (New York) Typothetae were held in the Colonial parlors of the Genesee Hotel June 14, 1897, about fifty members of the org-anization being present. Following the banquet came the reports of officers and committees, after which the election of officers took place, with the following result : President, C. A. Wenborne, of the Wenborne-Sumner Company ; first vice-president, A. C. Van Duzee, of the Courier Company ; second vice-president, George M. Hau- sauer ; secretary, Prank W. Heath ; treasurer, A. B. Floyd ; executive committee — George E. Matthews, O. Reinecke, F. N. Burt, H, C. Spendelow, J. C. Adams, Peter Paul, Joseph Baer, Charles A. Wenborne, ex-officio. Delegates and alternates to the convention of the United Typothet® of America, to be held at Nashville, Tennessee, in October, were elected as follows: Delegates — George E. Matthews, A. C. Van Duzee, George R. Jones, A. B. Floyd, Frank W. Heath, John S. Wilson, Frederick N. Burt and A. T. Brown ; alternates — James S. Pierce, William N. McMullen, W. H. Wright, Jr., Joseph Baer, Robert E. Cox, H. C. Spendelow, Peter Paul, Ottomar Reinecke. BCX3KS, BROCHURES AND PERIODICALS. In this department special attention will be paid to all publications dealing entirely or in part with the art of printing and the industries associated therewith. While space will be given for expressions of opinion on books or papers of general interest which may be submit¬ ted for that purpose, contributors will please remember that this col¬ umn is intended in the main for reviews of technical publications. The address of publisher, places on sale, and prices should be inclosed in all publications sent for review. S. C. Toof & Co., of Memphis, Tennessee, have issued a neat card inviting all interested attending the Tennessee Centennial Exposition at Nashville, Tennessee, to visit their special exhibit of choice books in art bindings, bound in original styles and designs, and placed in the Memphis building “ Cheops.” The June Clack Book, “ edited by Frank G. Wells, assisted by Margaret Bartholomew, and with the art department under the direction of Rob Wagner, and pub¬ lished at Lansing, Michigan,” contains a good store of light reading and a good many advertisements. It seems a pros¬ perous S cents’ worth. Mr. Jacobi, manager of the Chiswick Press, has placed the MSS. of what will surely be a very readable book in the hands of Elkin Matthews, who will publish it shortly. It is called “Gesta Typographica ” and is a collection of printers’ sayings and doing, facetious and otherwise. If it is as good as “Secrets of the Sanctum” it will be a real delight. — Hartford Post. Among many attractive and informing articles of cur¬ rent interest offered in Self- Culture for July, there is an interesting article by Mr. Melville E. Stone on “News¬ papers in the United States.” The very general interest in the duties and responsibilities of modern newspapers gives the utterances of such an authority an attention that must be gratifying to the management of this instructive monthly. An Edinburgh firm of publishers has opened a shop in London and is making an attempt to interest English book- readers in the “ Chicago School of Novelists ! ” Under this caption they announce works by Stanley Waterloo, Opie Read and Percival Pollard, who are said to compose the “school.” During the present month they will issue the Philistine, which it is announced will chronicle literary affairs in the American manner. — Hartford Post. “Ye Booke of Types ” is the title of the new specimen book of the A. D. Parmer & Son Typefounding Company, of Chicago and New York. In some respects it is similar to previous editions, but numbers of new faces and borders have been added and the work brought down to date. There are 374 pages in the work and it is handsomely bound in red flexible cloth and neatly stamped in gold. The Farmer foundry was established in 1804. Mr. S. M. Weatherly is the Chicago manager at 165 Fifth avenue. “The Cruise of the Friesland,” lately issued, is an account of the trip of a party through “ Mediterranean Lands,” including the Holy Land, by S. R. Stoddard, of Glens Palls, New York, whose narrative, studded with dry humor, is of much interest. The volume contains 348 pages, is profusely illustrated, bound in full morocco, padded sides. The entire work was done in the office and bindery of A. V. Haight, Poughkeepsie, New York, and reflects great credit on the establishment. The edition was a limited one. Book-Platk Design by Thomas H. Blocksidge, Albany, New York. The specimen book of printing types and brass rules issued by the Inland Type Foundry will be in great demand by printers. It contains an unusual number of art orna¬ ments and borders original with this foundry. New book faces are numerous and very attractive. The disciple of Morris will be interested in the pages of Radtolt initials and the Kelmscott type series. All of these types are on the standard lining system. The book is of a very con¬ venient size for handling and for reference. It is printed on heavy coated book paper and neatly bound in cloth. One of the latest poster exhibits was that held in Chicago during the first week in May under the auspices of the Quadrangle Club of the University of Chicago. More than five hundred posters were displayed in the large house of the Quadrangle Club, including American, French, English, Dutch and Japanese subjects, all being taken from the private collection of Mr. Ned Arden Flood, of Meadville, Pennsylvania. The catalogue issued in connection with the exhibit contained fifty pages, sumptuously illustrated with reproductions of representative American and foreign post¬ ers. It was printed in red and black on Strathmore deckle- edge paper, and inclosed in a buff cover. The cover design was that of a professor of the University of Chicago in full academic garb, the colors used in the printing being black, 444 THE INLAND PRINTER. red, blue and purple. The exhibit was viewed by the mem¬ bers of the club and invited guests, numbering altogether more than one thousand. “ Elementary Drawing : A Series of Practical Papers for Beginners,” by Elizabeth Moore Hallowell, is the name of a work soon to be published by the Macmillan Company. The basis of the work was a series of papers originally printed in one of the art magazines, but so great was the value placed upon them and the interest shown in them, that it was soon seen to be desirable to give them the wider circulation possible only by their publication in book form. Anyone who expects to take advantage of the coming holi¬ day season to add to the treasures of his sketchbook, will find in this work many valuable hints and suggestions. Even where no such definite application of its hints is expected it will be found very interesting, and to school libraries, especially, a valuable acquisition. The printing, paper and publishing trades will be deeply interested to know that the directory of their trade has finally made its appearance. “ Farley’s ” upon which they were accustomed to depend until it fell by the wayside by reason of its antiqueness has been absorbed and vastly improved upon by its successor, the directory issued by the Typo-Mercantile Agency, of New York. The new reference book is complete for all the trades grouped around typog¬ raphy, its materials and products, and includes all concerns having a plant for printing, lithographing, electrotyping, book or pamphlet binding; all concerns that manufacture or deal in paper, or in the articles, materials or machinery used or sold by this trade ; all publishers of books, sta¬ tionery or periodicals and all stores selling the same. It will be seen, therefore, that it covers the whole field of these interwoven and mutually interested industries. Unlike the general mercantile directories this book gives the business of each concern in detail and also their street addresses in all the cities. By a new and simple use of symbols a dis¬ tinct list of each branch of the trade is provided without interfering with the simplicity of the book for reference. The most decided improvement, however, is the insertion of the key which occupies a narrow middle column on each page of the book. Although the symbols are all easy of comprehension, this key guards against the slightest lia¬ bility to inconvenience or confusion. It is one of the most sensible schemes we have seen in any directory of this character. Altogether the Typo-Mercantile Agency has succeeded admirably in producing a work that can be used with extraordinary rapidity of reference to furnish a great variety of essential information. It will be absolutely indispensable to every firm doing a credit business and as useful to others who wish to use a reliable and complete address list to the trades covered. Like other mercantile books it will be supplemented by bulletins, weekly notifi¬ cation bulletins and special reports, and each half year will be substituted by an entirely new directory. By this system the annoyance of obsolete and antiquated informa¬ tion is obviated. The work shows typographical merit in its selection of type and for the make-up and presswork. It is substantially bound in half leather. HERO TALES FROM SACRED STORY. By Louis Albert Banks, D.D. 294 pages, 18 illustrations ; cloth. New York : Funk & Wagnalls Company, 1897. This book is full of the inspiration that is always excited by tales of noble action. The great literature of all nations abounds in the deeds of the mighty men of war, but it is preeminently the sacred literature of the Jewish nation that makes heroes of men of moral courage. The author has laid these lives under contribution, and in language and thought wholly modern has used them to point some reli¬ gious or moral lesson. The titles of such chapters as “ The Heroic Spirit of Youth,” “ Victory After Defeat,” “Three Young Men with the Courage of Their Convictions,” “Christ the Matchless Hero of Humanity,” indicate some¬ thing of the purpose of the book, which is to utilize in a popular form for modern readers the stirring achievements of the Jewish heroes. Modern incidents are introduced more or less, and make the “Tales” all the more vivid and readable. A number of appropriate illustrations serve to break up the continuity of type pages and furnish a grateful rest to the eye. This is just the book for young people, but it will also be found entertaining by their elders. THE TWENTY-FOUR-HOUR SYSTEM. On May 1 the twenty-four-hour system of time measure¬ ment was adopted by the railways, post oSices and tele¬ graph stations of Belgium. In order to meet the national demand for new timepieces the clockmakers of Belgium have been hard at work for several months past. Of course, the new system will be universally adopted throughout the country, as the action of the railwa3's alone would render this inevitable. If it proves to be successful, as it no doubt will, other European countries will follow the example of Belgium, and in the course of time the new system will find its way across the Atlantic. There is nothing in the least repugnant about the new system, and since the day is twenty-four hours in length, there is no good reason, either practical or scientific, why the divisions of the clock should not correspond with nature’s measurements. As the twelve- hour system has been in use so long, there are thousands of people who will be loath to give it up, but sentimental con¬ siderations should not outweigh practical advantages, and if the new S3’stem is a better one the old system should be discontinued by all Atlanta Constihdtion. WHAT A COAST READER SAYS. We peruse The Inland Printer with pleasure, and must say it is the finest representative of the art preserva¬ tive in the land. More power to your elbow. — Lovett M. Wood, Editor and Manager The Trade Register, Seattle, Washington. A Saint Louis Miss. Granddaug-hter of Mr. C. W. Crutsinger, the well-known printers roller maker, of Saint Louis, Missouri. THE INLAND PRINTER. 445 NEWSPAPER GOSSIP. The Daily Call, Piqua, Ohio, has put on a new dress. The Sandusky (Ohio) Journal and Local has purchased the good will and subscription list of the defunct Evening Telegraph of that city. The Red Lake Falls (Minn.) Gazette issued a special edition recently, the cover of which was appropriately printed in carmine, or a color approaching red lake. The interior as well as the cover was illustrated with half-tones. We learn from Editor Hutchin, of the Bloomington Sun¬ day Eye, that considerable type matter is used in addition to plate matter in the columns of that journal. This cor¬ rects the statement in our last issue that only plate matter was utilized. The motto of Editor Storey, “This paper has no friends,” is a good one in the sense in which he used it, says Newspaperdom. He neither suppressed nor published news to please people ; the Chicago Times was nobody’s organ ; it was simply a consistently independent paper. The Review is an octavo journal just established at Knoxville, Tennessee. It will be devoted to the commerce, mining and manufacturing industries of that region. Con¬ siderable space was given in the June issue to the Travel¬ ers’ Protective Association, and there are many half-tone portraits and cuts illustrative of the places and products of East Tennessee. The Reed City (Mich.) Clarion celebrated its twenty -fifth birthday last month, and reprinted extracts from its first number. It was then printed on a hand press, but is now an eight-column folio, all home print, run on cylinder press. Editor “Ren” Barker has a long record as a newspaper publisher, dating from the time he was mustered out at the close of the war after an honorable career as a soldier. A NEWSPAPER likes to be quoted, not because of the pub¬ licity, but because it is an evidence that its editor has been able to say something worthy of the consideration of the public. Next to this is the pleasure of seeing yourself quoted without credit being given. This is an evidence that you have been able to say something worth stealing, and it is the highest form of compliment that one newspaper can pay another. — York Republican. The Whittier Register recently issued a special illus¬ trated edition, containing a description of the new little town of Whittier, California, and of the great State school at that point. The cover is artistically designed and bears a portrait of the poet Whittier, after whom the town was named, and also a cut of the school. Picturesque bits of superb Southern California scenery make each page attract¬ ive. Numerous groups of portraits are well arranged and equally well printed. The Silent Worker, of Trenton, New Jersey, a leading organ of the deaf and dumb, issued a special cycle number in May. It contains many interesting articles on the bicycle, and a number of illustrations of cyclists’ clubs at various schools for the deaf, as well as reproductions of scenes of natural beauty. It is a very readable number. The press work and general make-up is very creditable, sur¬ prisingly so when it is known that the entire work, as we are informed by the publisher, Mr. George S. Porter, is per¬ formed by deaf-mute boys and girls under his instruction, and ranging from fourteen to eighteen years of age. Womankind has just closed a contest, in which several thousand subscribers participated, to determine what ten American women hold the highest place in the esteem of the American people. The contest, as decided by popular vote, gives first place to these ten women in the orfi?r in which 4-6 they are mentioned ; Harriet Beecher Stowe, Frances E. Willard, Martha Washington, Clara Barton, Susan B. Anthony, Pocahontas, Mollie Pitcher, Elizabeth Cady Stan¬ ton, Louisa May Alcott, Julia Ward Howe. A most inter¬ esting feature of the contest was the fact that Lydia Pinkham had a large following, her name appearing upon nearly eight per cent of the lists submitted. Interior decoration is a subject that lends itself in a peculiar degree to illustration. The Chicago Upholstery Journal, established but recently, is already showing how beautiful interiors make handsome pictures and how decora¬ tions make attractive ornaments for the printed page. The Journal is printed on heavy coated paper so that the finest half-tones can be used to advantage. We congratulate busi¬ ness manager Todd on the excellent typographical taste shown in the make-up and appearance of his magazine. The editor of the Louisiana (Mo.) Press, says News¬ paperdom, has at least one subscriber who does not appre¬ ciate the paper, and who writes in the following fervid fashion ordering the discontinuance of it : “ Bryson I rote you to stop my paper iwant you to stop it i am getting- enough of your scheme to make me take your paper i state once more i don’t want your dog gon old paper the post Mrs. has notified you and she has got record of it and if you don’t stop the dam thing i will give you a piece of my mind. Stop that paper i haven’t taken none of them out of the Ten Scottish regiments in the British army issue papers of their own regularly. In some cases the printing is done in the regimental barracks. The Borderer' s Chronicle, the organ of the King's Own Scottish Borderers, was estab¬ lished twenty-eight years ago and is printed on the regi¬ mental press in the Maida Barracks, Aldershot, by a sergeant of the 1st Battalion. The H. L. /. Chronicle is issued by the Highland Light Infantry ; the Thistle, by the Royal Scots ; the Tiger and Sphinx, by the Gordon High¬ landers ; the pgth News, by the Cameron Highlanders, and the Thin Red Line and the Sutherland News, by two other Highland regiments. Sometimes military discipline plays the part of censor and causes a blacked-out space to appear as it did in a recent number of the Borderer's Chronicle. The editor apologizes for it by saying “ We are sorry that a mistake occurred on page 4, which we are compelled to blot out.” All the world wants to know at this season of the year where to go and who can be met there. No periodical fur¬ nishes this in so bright and attractive a form as The 400, the American society journal of travel. It not only purports to be a guide to summer recreation and social events, but furnishes its information in such a vivacious and graphic style as to make it one of the most popular magazines of the summer. The “Seaside Number,” issued for June, is bril¬ liant in a cover of gold and blue, with tints and design that look refreshing and invite one to make a pilgrimage to scenes that are new. Atlantic City, Cape May, Mackinac and other famous water resorts are depicted, as they are once more populated with pleasure-seekers from all points of the com¬ pass, and a bewildering array of illustrations tell the same story in picture form. As careful attention has also been given to contemporaneous society and the exclusive sets of London and New York, including the young, handsome and wealthy Lord Clive Wilson, of Tranby Court, England. Mrs. Burke-Roche, of New York and Newport, and Mrs. Sands-De La Mar, wife of the great mine owner multi¬ millionaire, allow their portraits to be presented to the pub¬ lic through the columns of this journal. We congratulate the publishers, Messrs. Persinger & Sullivan, on the success which is evidently crowning their efforts to create a high- class illustrated magazine of original merit, 446 THE INLAND PRINTER. Ct; § § o to ;S cfc: Originated and Made only by the AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY Whose Type is most ’valuable because made ^ith Brains and Good Taste dPatriotic Orators J^rouae AN UNEXCELLED ITALIC ^ ^ ^ ^ ALWAYS BUY THE BEST THE INLAND PRINTER. 447 s? Qs; G i«a a> Q 'ti S I s « cir § .Yi 8 Cf3 ? •& ; -c: 03 ^ S I C^’ U4 ^ < CO ;s: Qj I ® ,so ill t/) 00 it ^•| o^ ^•S 1 1 Q 6 U : tti I : ^ s: i 3 I t/3 o II S JS ■ ^ 'I i ^ 12 I 5 !S| rf > ^ ^ V3 !(/) .=5 CS sS Q< OJ «« QJ iO^ jO^ iQQ iCO 4 = 1^ I ^ s UJ L B "I t s ^11 “ J I ° sis mo'® Si 5 S g > o q: ^ U la 5 2 s ^ S I § q; 448 THE INLAND PRINTER. d 0 OJCQ z to « d) > u d) I cd > a it u c E ^ h es Z llJ *0 in c P- cfl in s la u « i 0 ; II B > E J 9 « SS Designed a.nd made only by the AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY Originators and Makers of all the De Vinnes \ D 0 ^ ZQ CQ ? ^ a 33 CO M ! (/) . D3 5 : H t) M 1 '/! a c ^ ffl 0 s 0 0 3 b 10 [fl I -0 t jS 1!™ Z « 3 - B t £ 2 ^ ^ g E S h i 0° » J “^S MlC H -g « "t (0 a > fO S 3^2 > Ci h D Q Z Missouri Pirms THE INLAND PRINTER. 449 I s § e P=^ I I CU C-> e cn "§ K a> cn <0 >- O C-> C/3 cn 5? o 1^ a iz; o w fe/) tu tn a a> CO 1 w ».-4 A w a Ps^ U4 On s s U4 52C "S o S » .2 M o o OQ 30 POINT 24 POINT -SSJ u a ^ 1 p^ .3 1 1 C3.n only be purchased from the Originators, the AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY Makers of Type that Satisfies the Bayers of Printing tn OJ C/) teiO c-> u s S3o ^ a> o o a> c-> CT) uu •ts <1> ORNAMENTATIONS THAT SATISFY THE ARTISTIC 450 THE INLAND PRINTER. M^Lde Exclusively by the AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY and used by alt the Leading Printers of the World THE INLAND PRINTER. 451 BLZBVIR GOTMIG Originated by the CRBSGBINT TYPB COMPANY, 346-348 Dearborn Street. Chicago. 8 POINT Elzevir Gothic Caps, $4.00 E- C., $4,0( LOAN OFFICE Last Ray of Hope 36 Point Elzevir Gothic Caps, $3.00 E. C., |3.0( 30 POINT Elzevir Gothic Caps, $2.60 E. C., $2.9( TREATISE ON BEES 36 ELZEVIR GOTEIIC A Beautiful Line of Type REJUVENATING COSTUME Si 4 Favorable Impressions Made^ Caps, $2.50 E. C., $2.50 ABBREVIATED BICYCEE SKIRT Causes Disease Called Rubber Neck i POINT Elzevir Gothic ^ 14 Point Elzevir Gothic 12A, 24a, $4.50 Caps, $2.25 E. C., $2.25 ^ 15A, 30a, $4.00 Caps, $1.80 E. C., $2.20 I ELEMENTS OE SUCCESS ftPoinfS to Remember:2 I SEertile Brain and Iron WillJ 12 Point Elzevir Gothic 5 10 Point Elzevir Gothic 18A, 36a, $3.25 Caps, $1.50 E. C., $1.75 ^ 20A, 40a, $3.00 Caps, $1.40 E. C., $1.60 PATENT BURGLAR ALARM ^ MANY MEN OF MANY MINDS It Catches and Fields the Burglar ^ Many Type of Many Kinds See Elzevir 8 POINT Elzevir Gothic ^ Elzevir Gothic 22A, 44a, $2.75 Caps, $1.25 E.C.,$1.50 it 25A, 50a, $2.50 Caps, $1.20 E.C.,$1.30 GRAND PYROTECHNIC EXHIBITION ^ S S INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING MONEY S J Two-Thousandth Annual Purgatorial Housecleaning IF Fold a Bill, Press It. Open it, and You Will Find It Increases - FOR SAEE by - Conner, Fendeer & Co., New York City, Scarff & O’Connor Co., Dallas, Texas, And all Type Founders and Dealers in Printers’ Supplies. DETROIT. MICHIGAN, JUNE, 1897. THE INLAND PRINTER. 453 THE NINTH ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL PRINTING PRESSMEN’S UNION, AT DETROIT. The ninth annual convention of the International Printing Pressmen’s Union opened its session at the Common Council chamber in Detroit, Michigan, on Tuesday, June 15. The convention was called to order by President Henifin, of No. 2. He introduced Mayor William C. Maybury, who welcomed the guests in his most happy Jesse Johnson, President. way, paying a high tribute to the calling of both pressmen and printers, also to the founder of the art preservative, Gutenberg, not forgetting Benjamin Franklin and the late philanthropist George W. Childs, whose memory is dear to every pressman and printer. He was followed by Commis¬ sioner of the Board of Public Works, John McVicar, an ex-president of the International Typographical Union, who felt gratified to see the delegates. He had a similar pleas¬ ant duty to perform just nineteen years ago, when he wel¬ comed the International Tj'pographical Union in the same room. President Theodore P. Galoskowsky thanked the Mayor and Mr. McVicar and declared the convention open. He read his annual report, which gave an exhaustive r^sum4 of the doings of the pressmen during the past year. The following is Secretary James Gelson’s financial report ; Total Receipts, General Fund, June 1, 1896, to date . $3,935.42 Total Expenditures, General Fund, June 1, 1896, to date . 3,334.40 Balance . $ 601.02 Total Receipts, Defense Fund, June 1, 1896, to date . 7,724.15 Total Expenditures, Defense Fund, June 1, 1896, to date . 2,573.44 Balance . 5,150.71 Total Receipts, Death Beneht Fund, June 1, 1896, to date . 6,785.75 Total Expenditures, Death Benefit Fund, June 1, 1896, to date . 6,345.00 Balance . 440.75 Balance in General Funeral Fund . 601.02 Balance in Defense Fund . 5,150.71 Balance in Death Benefit Fund . 440.75 Grand total . $6,192.28 Total Receipts for the Year . . . 18,445.13 Total Expenses for the Year . 12,252.85 Balance on hand . $6,192.28 The President announced the following standing com¬ mittees : Unpiished Business — ioi\n T. Moran, New York; Benjamin Roller, Sacramento ; J. D. Wood, Toronto ; Robert H. Kelly, Boston ; George E. Crane, Chicago. Thanks— 'W. J. Kelly, New York ; Thomas J. Wilson, Toronto ; Charles Tilden, Grand Rapids ; T. M. Daggy, St. Paul ; Frank W. Kinrey, Syra- Death Benefit Fiind—'&. Thompson, New York ; H. J. Bartley, Toledo • G. A. Griffen, Little Rock ; Thomas J. Leach, New York ; Charles H. Schulte, Lansing. Officers' Reports— Kleinheintz, Philadelphia ; W. Davey, Toronto; Charles V. Smart, Denver ; Louis Shun, Milwaukee ; A. B. Lawson, South Bend. Credentials — J. Loomis, Detroit; W. F. Delaney, New York; L. Birmingham, Cincinnati ; J. A. Warden, Pittsburg ; W. Champion, Minne¬ apolis. Laws— John W. Williams, Toronto ; J. W. Whall, Boston ; Frank Pam- pusch, St. Paul ; E. W. Carr, Chicago. Returns and Finance— L. Kreutzer, St. Louis; James H. Bowman, Chicago ; D. F. Dawson, Buffalo ; H. J. Wigo, Philadelphia ; J. D. McKin¬ non, Washington. Subordinate — Lawrence F. Gibbens, Philadelphia; J. H. Wall, Denver; George Rutherford, Akron; John Hart, Omaha; C. F. Bicket, Denver. Miscellaneous Business— J. J. O’Dea, New York ; Phil G. Reiner, Cleve¬ land ; D. Cadigan, Boston ; D. J. McDonald, Boston ; G. P. Gunn, Minne¬ apolis. Wednesday’s session opened with an address from Presi¬ dent Prescott of the International Typographical Union, who spoke of the label, the shorter workday, and the one- man shop, as in need of the attention of the pressmen. “There is no question,” Mr. Prescott said, “of more vital importance to organized labor than the label, and a shorter workday will come if the matter is handled in a proper manner. There is no necessity of a crusade with a band and fireworks. The course to pursue is to approach the employer and submit the proposition in a businesslike way. The laboring man needs more time for recreation, and the right channels will lead to that end. The one-man shop is not to be crowded down. Perhaps the owner has met with setbacks and has been obliged to embark in business in this humble way. Encouragement is better than a kick, and the label should be allowed him in order that the growth of his concern may not be stunted. If he is a union man and lives John W. Williams, First Vice-President. up to union principles he should be given the assistance he deserves from organized labor.” Mr. James J. Murphy, of New York, chairman of the International Typographical Union Shorter Workday Com¬ mittee, also addressed the convention on the shorter workday. 454 THE INLAND PRINTER. and made an earnest appeal to the pressmen to take steps for the betterment of the pressmen’s union and others affiliated with the printing- trades, and to provide better conditions for the unemployed. Both Messrs. Prescott and Murphy were extended close attention and met with a good reception. Mr. E. A. Strudley, of Detroit, of the Book¬ binders’ Union, also made a brief address. Among the more important doings of the convention the following may be noted : The quarrel of the web press, book and job pressmen’s unions of Boston was disposed of Frank Pampdsch, Second Vice-President. without action further than to suggest that the Boston men in future settle these matters for themselves. A protest against the St. Louis pressmen’s union on the ground that they admitted feeders, was settled adversely to the St. Louis union, and they were instructed to admit no more appren¬ tices or men not properly qualified as pressmen. An appli¬ cation permitting the use of the union label in shops of Canada, was referred to the Board of Directors, which com¬ prises the elective officers of the Union, with instructions to report at an early date. Mr. Sawyer, editor of the Ameri¬ can Pressmayi, made a financial statement, which led to a resolution of support being passed. The issuance of char¬ ters to web pressmen’s unions was discontinued on the ground that the custom might tend to disrupt the existing unions and would shut off discontented members from applying for new charters because some one disagreed with their opinions. This was not done, however, without some spirited discussion between the web pressmen of Boston, Chicago and New York. Another important action was the decision of the conven¬ tion to allow no more laws to be passed by subordinate unions endangering the positions of superintendents or fore¬ men of union shops. This was aimed at shops which have been the cause of a great deal of friction between the employes and employer. This action will shut off all chance of objection to some unpopular foreman. An equally important action was that looking to the checking of hastily ordered strikes on the part of unrea¬ soning or quick-tempered leaders in a union. Before any strike is ordered in the future a statement of the grievances must be forwarded in duplicate to the Board of Directors, and upon their decision, which is final, a strike may or may not be ordered. Refusal to do so on the part of any union shuts it off from the benefits of the defense fund. The convention also voted to hold biennial sessions after next year. This would have gone into effect this year but for the fact that so many new officers were in charge of affairs. The protest from the Indianapolis and other unions against the extension of civil service rules to mechanics was referred to the Board of Directors with instruction to prepare and forward a petition to Congress, asking that the extended rules be repealed, especially in so far as they related to the members of the Typographical Union. A touching scene was enacted just before the installation of officers. As President Galoskowsky, who had been the head of the union for four years, and to whose efforts and energy much, if not all, its success is due, rose to his feet, and, leaning on his crutch and cane for support — for his devotion to the interests of the Union had undermined his health and rendered his retirement absolutely necessary — began in short broken sentences to thank the members of the union for their sympathy and loyal support. As he turned to Jesse Johnson, the newly elected president, to pin on the badge of the president’s office, both men were visibly affected. Indeed, the entire convention was deeply moved, and handkerchiefs came freely into play. William J. Kelly, of New York, with voice choked with emotion, then delivered an address which was matchless for its eloquence, fervency of expression, earnestness and sympathetic devo¬ tion to a lifelong friend. The convention, by a unanimous vote, decided to defray the expenses of retiring President Galoskowsky’s illness and to pay out of the treasury of the union all physicians’, sur¬ geons’ and other bills incurred by reason of his long and painful illness, also to pay the sick man a sum of money equal to his salary during his long-enforced period of con¬ finement. The convention elected the following officers : President, Jesse Johnson, of Nashville, Tenn.; first vice-president, John W. Williams, of Toronto, Ont.; second vice-president, Frank Pampusch, of St. Paul, Minn.; third vice-president, Robert H. Kelly, of Boston, Mass.; secretary-treasurer, James Gelson, of New York. Delegates to American Fed¬ eration of Labor — George Keinheintz, of Philadelphia, from the pressmen, and James O’Dea, of New York, of the feed¬ ers ; alternates, Daniel D. Cadigan, of Boston, pressmen, and Daniel J. McDonald, Boston, feeders. President Johnson announced the following committee on the shorter workday to prepare and report a pla nin accord¬ ance with that advocated by the International Typographical Union : Lawrence F. Gibbons, Philadelphia, chairman ; W. M. Dorsey, Dallas, Texas; William G. Loomis, Detroit; Henry L. Kreutzer, St. Louis, and John McDonald, Boston. It was decided to hold the next convention in Cleveland, Ohio. CONVENTION NOTES. The local pressmen issued a handsome souvenir for the convention, the size of The Inland Printer, of sixty-four pages, which is a creditable piece of work turned out from the office of John Bornman «& Son. The editorial work was in charge of Henry Poole, who deserves much credit for his work. It was indeed a piece of art. In this work he was ably assisted by Messrs. Thomas C. Gallagher, Thomas Mears, Henry O. Haigh, William Lee, Thomas J. Reardon and Frank E. Phelps. The convention was most royally entertained, the festivi¬ ties including an informal reception Monday evening; a carriage drive Tuesday around the city and to Belle Isle, with a lunch, returning by moonlight ride on the river ; an THE INLAND PRINTER. 455 excursion to the Flats — the Venice of America — and a fish supper on Wednesday afternoon ; and a banquet at the Gris¬ wold House Thursday evening, at which 200 delegates and friends were present, enjoying a fine menu, music and excellent responses to the various toasts. The committee of arrangements who had charge of these recreative features were : Thomas Hears, chairman ; Thomas J. Reardon, Walter Haigh, George D. Cline, C. Danahey, Adam Dow, George A. Smith, H. O. Haigh, Henry Poole, Charles Kam- merhoff. Prank Kelly, Anthony Orth, William Lee, W. G. Loomis, Thomas C. Gallagher. This committee were untir¬ ing in their efforts to make the stay pleasant and agreeable, and were assisted by all the members of the local union. On Tuesday evening a number of members of Typo¬ graphical Union No. 18 tendered an informal supper to Presidents Prescott and Galoskowsky, James Gelson, W. J. Kelly, James J. Murphy and George Dorsey, of Dallas, Texas. A large number of delegates were accompanied by their wives : Mrs. Annie E. Buckie, of Chicago ; Mrs. Bowman, of Chicago ; Mrs. W. J. Kelly, of New York ; and a large number of others. Many compliments were bestowed on The Inland Printer, and many were the inquiries for Mr. C. P. Whit- marsh. All the leading press manufacturers, ink houses and rollermakers were present. Many striking and unique cards were issued by the delegates. Robert D. Sawyer, of the American Pressman, of Chi¬ cago, attended the convention. President Galoskowsky is a changed man since his last visit. He came to this city a very ill man and had to make use of a cane and crutch, being afflicted with rheumatism. He attended to the business, nevertheless, and had to forego the pleasures, especially the banquet. He is a model pre¬ siding officer. Among the delegates there were many young faces, with a sprinkling of gray heads. As some of the best speakers James Gelson, Secretary-Treasurer. may be cited Messrs. W. J. Kelly, whose fame was equally shown as a speaker as he is a writer for The Inland Printer, Messrs. Bowman, Thompson, Moran, Williams, Johnson, and others. President Prescott, of the International Typographical Union, has grown so stout that some of his Detroit friends hardly knew him, and it was necessary for him to show his traveling card to identify himself. He made a good impression on all the members by his clear and forcible argum.ents. James J. Murphy, of New York, was equal to the mission on which he was sent. He was the only gentleman who passed for a clergyman, and was christened “Bishop” Murphy. He addressed the convention in a pleasant and dignified manner, and handled his subject as only a printer and a member of “Big Six” can. He made many friends while here, and his pleasing address and manners made many converts for the shorter workday. President Prescott could not have made a better selection than Mr. Murphy. The members of the local pressmen’s union, as well as the printers, feel justly proud of having had the pressmen in their midst. The local press did themselves proud in reporting the proceedings. The session was the longest ever held. The cause of this was the numerous entertain¬ ments that had been provided. Nevertheless, the pressmen are welcome to come again to Detroit, the convention city. Many were the compliments bestowed on our fair city, with its fine driveways, clean and wide streets, the beautiful park of Belle Isle, and last, but not least, the attractive Detroit river. That the work of the convention may be pro¬ ductive of much good, and the I. P. P. U. live long and prosper, is the wish of all. P. A. Loersch. OF INTEREST TO THE CRAFT. Cleveland Typographical Union, No. S3, has appointed a business agent, Joe T. S. Cowen being selected for the position. A HOSPITAL, to cost $10,000, is to be added to the Childs- Drexel Home for Union Printers, at Colorado Springs, Colorado. Warren C. Browne has been appointed manager sales department of the Empire Typesetting Machine Company, 203 Broadway, New York. The Allied Printing Trades Council, of Chicago, held a picnic at Ogden’s Grove, June 26, the proceeds being used to promote the union label and to prosecute infringements and counterfeits. The State Historical Society, Madison, Wisconsin, has in its possession the first Ramage press that came to Wis¬ consin, a highly prized relic, and the gift of Mr. W. T. Hoxie, home editor of the Deerfield Enterprise. The large libraries are beginning to experiment for themselves in the printing of their catalogues. The Carne¬ gie Library, of Pittsburg, has just purchased a typesetting machine and intends to do its own printing in the future. A MACHINE, known as the Rogers printing telegraph machine, has been invented to write typewritten messages directly from writing without the use of the Morse code. It is the property of the United States Postal Printing Tele¬ graph Company, of New York. The linotype record of Eugene W. Taylor to which we referred in our last issue as not verified has now been vouched for by Mr. Taylor under oath. According to his sworn statement he set and corrected on May 4, in the office of the Denver Times, 101,800 nonpareil ems, in eight hours, using Nonpareil No. 2 matrices on a slug .098 of an inch in thickness and a Mergenthaler linotype with “ step justifica¬ tion.” The entire matter was set solid. Foreman Homer E. Dunn witnesses to the correctness of the statement. Mr. Taylor now ranks as champion among rapid linotype operators. According to the Paper Trade Journal, the City of New York, through its enterprising Commissioner of Public Works, Col. George E. Waring, is commencing to supply some of the paper mills with paper stock gathered from the collections of its street-cleaning department. About the first of June the city erected a plant on East Eighteenth street where the rag and waste paper collections are dumped on a slowly moving belt. Men, women and boys sort out the paper stock as it comes along, some picking out 456 THE INLAND PRINTER, the manilas, some the box boards, and others the newspa¬ pers. The refuse is finally carried into a down-draft fur¬ nace by which it is incinerated. The rag-s, carpets and baggings are also sorted out and packed. Several paper- stock men have bid for the entire output. If this experi¬ mental plant proves a paying investment Colonel Waring will build other similar ones in different parts of the city. In some cities, notably Chicago, the street cleaning depart¬ ment refuses to remove paper waste but requires the inhabi¬ tants to dispose of it as best they can. As a result the atmosphere on windy days is charged with an amount of flying paper that if properly gathered and utilized by Colonel Waring’s intelligent plan would represent a snug sum in the city treasury. REVIEW OF SPECIMENS RECEIVED. The purpose of this department is to candidly and briefly criticise specimens of printing submitted hereto. The large number of speci¬ mens submitted makes it necessary that all comments shall be brief, and no discourtesy is intended in the seeming bluntness of adverse criticisms. Contributors who fear adverse criticism must give notice that they desire only favorable mention, and should their specimens not deserve praise no comment whatever will be made. Samples intended for review under this head should be mailed to this office flat, and plainly marked on corner “ALPHA.” From Donald Bain & Co., Jordan street, Toronto, Canada, programme and menu designs, well conceived and well printed. J*. C. Darrow, 401-402 Pontiac building, Chicago. Advertising circular and business card, tastefully designed and well printed. A PACKAGE of samples of commercial work from Adam Deist, Dauphin street, Philadelphia, are very creditable specimens of composition and press- work. From the Central Bureau of Engraving, 157-159 William street. New York. Specimens of half-tone engravings of hardware and machinery, excel¬ lently done. The Jefferson Press, Jefferson avenue, Detroit, Michigan, send out some neat samples of office stationery printed in colors, the composition and press- work being of a high order of merit. Some neatly designed cards, letter-heads, envelopes, etc., have reached us from Charles E. Robinson, Lowell, Massachusetts, the composition on which is very artistic and presswork excellent. The Davis Printing Company, North street, Baltimore, Maryland, sub¬ mit their own business card printed in gold, silver and colors, and embossed. Their motto is an excellent one : “ Here, better climbs to best.” Their work is of the best quality. Aelyn a. Young, foreman of the printing department of the J. R. Watkins Medical Company, Winona, Minnesota, submits a few samples of general work, which show that he is an artist in composition, and the press- work is of high grade. Charles M. Catlett, foreman Chronicle Jobrooms, Norwalk, Ohio, submits some very artistic samples of letterpress printing. Designs are neat and original, selection of colors harmonious and in excellent register, and presswork very neat and clean. John M. Rogers, Wilmington, Delaware, sends some exceedingly fine samples of half-tone printing, in various tints, being the nearest approach to photographs in appearance we have seen turned out from a pressroom. The lights and shadows are worked up in a very artistic manner. From Ed E. Sweet, Pomona, California: Several samples of commercial work, in black and colored inks, the composition and presswork on which is up to a high standard. The severest criticism we can pass upon them is, that if printers generally were to do work of equal quality they would be able to get better prices for their products. Raynor & Taylor, Detroit, Michigan, submit an imitation of steel die stamping. Without their assurance that it is not so, we should certainly have said it was steel die work of excellent quality, the impression being clear and sharp, and coloring delicate. Their method of doing it is not communi¬ cated, but it is, without doubt, of much value. “Souvenir Programme of Flag Presentation, Vaughan Grammar School, May 1, 1897,” is the title of a programme sent us from Philadel¬ phia. It is a most miserable production. Everyone connected with this piece of work have reason to fear ridicule. We did not know that Philadelphia could be guilty of such printing. W. O. Miller, with the Courier, Morrisburg, Ontario, requests criti¬ cism of a hanger and letter-head. The composition of neither is very artistic. The letter-head would look much better in plain type, without flourishes or tints, and the hanger would be more effective if the green had been omitted ; the red would then have stood out with greater brilliancy. The Electric City Engraving Company, Buffalo, New York, submits samples of a half-tone portrait, excellent in engraving and printing. The work was produced by the use of two plates, one printed over the other, the under or color plate being strengthened in the shadows and reetched in the high lights to give a brilliant effect on the finished print. The result is certainly pleasing. An attractive blotter, the work of M. J. Cantwell, 110-114 King street, Madison, Wisconsin, is sent for review by an admiring friend. A large half¬ tone of a scene on Mendota Dam — the “ FarweU Drive ” — is printed in green and black after the style of the insert of the Charles Eneu Johnson Com¬ pany’s ad. in the March issue. The work is very creditable to Mr. Cant- Folsom & SuNERGREN, 25 Winter street, Boston, have issued a pack¬ age of samples of their work, entitled, “ Artistic Engraving,” comprising a selection of engravings from photographs, wash drawings, pen-and-ink sketches, etc., suitable for magazine and catalogue illustration, all of a high grade of excellence. Such results are the productions of artists in the line of photo-engraving. “ Souvenir of Kansas City, the Metropolis of Woodcraft,” is a hand some booklet of forty-eight pages and cover, freely illustrated with full-page half-tones. The typography is good and presswork excellent ; the latter being done by J. T. George, with the Gerard-Woody Company, Kansas City, Missouri. The cover is handsomely designed and printed in green and gold, elaborately embossed. From Will Leatzow, foreman job department. Democrat Printing Com¬ pany, Madison, Wisconsin : Engraved cover design in red, black and green, of cover for programme for the third annual meeting of the Wisconsin Inter¬ scholastic Athletic Association. While the design is not particularly novel, the work is attractive from the brillianc3' of the coloring and offers no other ground for special criticism. A SAMPLE sheet of half-tone work from R. Y. McBride, printer, 316 West Second street, Los Angeles, California, gives evidence of the artistic possibilities of the half-tone plate in letterpress printing. By the use of varnish the semblance to an actual photograph is rendered perfect. The plates were made by the Los Angeles Photo-Engraving Company, and are very fine specimens of work. Swinburne & Co., 45 Exchange street, Rochester, New York, submit a large package of varied commercial stationery, which, for quality of com¬ position, presswork and stock, ranks very high. Some booklet programmes are handsome specimens of typography, and the whole collection gives evi¬ dence of a master-mind directing the various departments. We do not see occasion to adversely criticise any one of the samples in the package. We have received copy of the specimen book of brass type manufac¬ tured by the Eastern Brass Type Foundry, 88 Walker street. New York, a company whose output is of the best. The faces shown are the most attract¬ ive and useful for the work intended. Some of the script fonts are espe¬ cially fine. The brass type made by this company is of metal almost equal to annealed steel, and for set, face and finish is unequaled. The book con¬ sists of thirty-two pages, neatly bound in green cloth cover. From George W. Smith, 306 West One Hundred and Nineteenth street. New York : Several specimens of rulework advertisement composition. The designs are artistic, the flower pieces being especially well executed. Such designs show unusual ability on the part of the compositor ; but unless he is very rapid and has a special aptitude for such work, it is liable to be some¬ what expensive. All the samples submitted (numbering about a dozen) are well executed, and, aside from the rulework, are good specimens of advertise¬ ment display. “Photo-Glimpses of Adelaide, South Australia,” is a handsome souvenir booklet published by Hussey & Gillingham, Adelaide, containing fifteen plates, with a page of descriptive letterpress. The plates were made by Ernest Gall, a photo-artist and engraver, who states that they are of copper, taken with a 150-line Levy screen, slightly hand-tooled. The ink used is a dead black, giving a steel-plate effect, the softness of the tones being very pleasing. The cover is printed in bronze-blue and gold on pale blue stock. The whole work is a tribute to the artistic ability of designer, illus¬ trator and publishers. From Charles H. Cook, pressman, with the Register, of Newburg, New York, programme of “ Business Men’s Carnival for the benefit of the High¬ land Hospital of Fishkill-on-Hudson, New York.” The work is well done and is unique in having no displayed advertisements. The advertisers have their merits and incidentally that of their wares put in verse in lieu of dis¬ play type. We give a few specimens : “ Oh, why not go to Atkins’ For tablecloths and napkins. Or anything whatever in that line? Stylish ladies’ jackets. Hairpins in five-cent packets, . Or flannel underclothing extra fine.” “ Go to McDowell’s for sparerib or fowl. Or sausage or beefsteak or lamb ; Just try his fine sugar-cured ham.” Arthur Oldfield, foreman of the Herald Printing Works, Harrogate, England, sends several samples of work turned out from the establishment under his care. A “ Guide to the Bazaar and Garden Fete ” is a handsomely printed work of 124 pages, 7 by inches, on good stock, the advertisements THE INLAND PRINTER 457 being well and artistically displayed and the presswork of good quality. The cover is on rough handmade stock, printed in red, green and black. The embossing and tint blocks are made by Mr. Oldfield and are quite artistic. There is also a specimen book of jobwork, showing samples of every conceiv¬ able kind in many colors and designs. All the work is of admirable quality, and reflects great credit on Mr. Oldfield and his assistants. Special editions so often mean extra write-ups without much attention to typographical elegance along with a dash at typographical eccentricity, that it is a distinct pleasure to receive a journal like the New York Produce Review a7id American Creamery, that has succeeded in combining in its special edition elegance of appearance with comprehensive treatment of its subjects. The May number must have delighted the subscribers and readers of this interesting magazine. The cover is strikingly rich and sug¬ gestive. It is of a choice butter yellow with a border of gold bronze. The title is in black diagonally across the page. Above and below it are printed in red “ Special Edition,” and “ May, 1897,” with tasteful flame ornament in gold. The whole effect is such as to arrest immediate attention. It is well done. The articles treating of the different markets and commission dis¬ tricts of New York are illustrated profusely with half-tones. Some of the cuts are weak, but many of the subjects are such as not to allow of good photographic results. The advertisement composition is good. On the whole it is a number the editors may well feel proud of. W. P. J., Louisville, Kentucky, sends a specimen given him as copy by a customer. It defies reproduction, but its substance is as follows : WHITE’S TERRAPIN OIL! For wire cuts, Schratches, Grease heel, nare heel, contracted hoof, rotin frog, saddle galls, sore shoulders. Old sores, fresh wound And will keep rats out of barns and crib and keep flies away from horse eyes in arm weather have used this Oil for 20 years and it has the desire afect when used as directed Every Bottle GUARANTEED TO CURE IF USED AS DIRECTED OR MONEY REFUNDED DIRECTIONS First wash the Parts clean with Castel Soap and soft water then Apply one to two teaspoos full right on or in sor according size of place to be treted aply one a day Manufactured By DR,M - B W - OWENSBORO, KENTUCKY. Sold by - PRICE 2SC The Chicago Tribune has been receiving congratulations from both friends and rivals on the typographical achievement with which it crowned its Golden Jubilee on June 10. The three supplements distributed with the regular issue for that day celebrated the attainment of its semi-centennial by the great metropolitan daily. Two of the six sheets of the supplements were reproduced in colors by the photo-colortype process and made effective and handsome poster displays. The page design by Curtis Gandy was one of the most striking symbolic representations of Chicago that has appeared in some time. Before a background of green mosaic work stands Miss Chicago in a life-like attitude, attired in a terra cotta colored gown. From the flames at her feet rises a pheenix bird above which loom some of the famous build¬ ings of the city. The three panels at the top of the sheet bear the title, “The Chicago Tribune”; next, in gold on a background of pealing bells, the “Golden Jubilee, June 10, 1847 — June 10, 1897”; and then scenes from the Court of Honor. The plan and details of the entire design show strong and original creative work. The color blocks are by the Chicago Colortype Com¬ pany. Louis Braunhold has an artistically arranged page of historical con¬ trasts. These are grouped around a lurid scene from the Chicago fire. Above is the beautiful St. Gaudens statue of Lincoln; below, the Grant monument. Some of the contrasts shown are the emigrant train and the railroad train ; the dresses of ’47 and the dresses of ’97 ; the city directory of ’47, when the population was 14,000, and that for ’96, when the figure has increased to 1,752,000 ; fun in ’47 — a race between an Indian, negro and horseback rider, and fun in ’97 — the modern game of golf ; the warlike scenes of ’61 and the Haymarket riot. The scenes and contrasts are exceedingly well chosen and typify in a most interesting way the achievements of a half century. The Photo-Colortype Company is to be credited with the execution of the plates. An interior page, also by Braunhold, shows the great engineering feats accomplished by the municipality. Artist W. L. Wells contributes to the designing of another of the colored pages. A night view of the Tribune building fills the center of the page, in the penumbra of which are scenes of illuminated darkness, the glowing blast furnaces, the railway station bril¬ liant with electric light, and a lake boat in distress succored by the life-saving crew. The last page of each supplement is devoted to advertisements, also in colors. Prominent among them we note two large ads. of the Miehle Printing Press upon which the colorwork of this edition was printed ; the Chicago Colortype Company and the Photo-Colortype Company, to whom were intrusted the execution of the color blocks ; and J. Manz & Co., the Franklin Engraving Company and George H. Benedict & Co, all occupy a considerable space. Half-tones reproduce interior views of the Tribune plant, editorial, reportorial, composing, linotype and press rooms. There is also a cut showing how the Tribune composing rooms looked June 10, 1847, and another of the one horse-power machine which drove its presses in those early days. Articles of typographical interest on “Early Newspaper Work in Chicago,” “ Advances in the Pressroom,” etc., are illustrated by portraits of Thomas E. Sullivan, foreman of the composing room and for thirty-two years an employe of the Tribune ; James C. Hutchins, night foreman, for thirty-seven years on the Tribune; Joseph C. Snow, foreman of the “ad.” room, and for forty-two years with the Tribune; and Philip Masterson, fore¬ man of the Tribune pressrooms. An entertaining article on “The First Compositor on the Tribune" is accompanied by a cut of Joseph Wilson Franks, who set the first copy given out on the Tribune, June 10, 1847, and who is still living. He is founder and senior partner in the firm of J. W. Franks & Sons, Peoria, Illinois, and is a little over sixty-eight years of age. Mr. Franks still enjoys his work and his pipe, and his genial face gladdens the hearts of the old typo who believes that his craft conduces to long years and happiness. A page of congratulations from contemporaries in the West and Western Governors and from leading citizens of Chicago shows the cor¬ dial regard and fraternal good feeling almost universally extended from those in whose midst has been builded this great newspaper that shared with Chicago its humble beginnings fifty years ago. Artistic catalogues should be issued by engraving houses above all others. Their business is art. They employ a large corps of artists and designers of recognized talent. Their cuts are judged for the excellence of mechanical detail, but paramountly for the taste shown in the arrangement, ornamentation, management of light and shade, and originality. More than any other one agency they are diffusing good art in the industrial world and raising the aesthetic standard in commercial literature. The Franklin Engraving & Electrotyping Company, Chicago, have evidently recognized these responsibilities in a catalogue just issued by them. From cover to cover every one of the twenty-four pages of this catalogue exhibits work delight¬ ful to look at, not only because of the excellent finish of the cuts, but on account of the good taste manifested in grouping and decoration. The cover itself is printed in a tint of brown on a heavy enameled tinted stock, and bears the title “ Engraved by the Franklin,” and a vignetted allegorical centerpiece, both printed in brown bronze. The inner title-page bears a rural water scene printed in colors from plates made by the Franklin four- color process. Half-tone reproductions from wash drawings and from photo¬ graphs, or from a combination of the two, illustrate all the possibilities by this process. Hand-tooled half-tones bring out in a striking manner the results achieved on the photographic block by the strong touches of the graver. Examples are shown of the 17S-line half-tone and its value for bringing out the finer details of small articles, particularly the more intricate parts of mechanisms. Photo-zinc etchings in many sizes and shades show the adaptation of this method to the finer grades of portraiture, and to mechanical or constructional work. The remainder of the catalogue is devoted to exemplifications of the lithogravure process, of relief-line engrav¬ ing, or the wax process, which is used for map work and patent office draw¬ ings, and of wood engraving in a number of different styles. The illustra¬ tions throughout the book have been very wisely chosen with reference to the adaptation of different processes to different classes of work. In this way it will be useful to many who are often at a loss to know just which is the most suitable to adopt. The combinations of different processes, and above all the harmonious decorative features employed in groups and single cuts are very pleasing. A large number of the designs represent ideas artistically elaborated in the designing department of the company, and have been in successful use by leading advertisers. A full-page group gives glimpses into the offices, studios and workrooms of the establishment, and will enhance the interest and value of the catalogue to patrons and others. A GIANT PAPER MACHINE. A monster paper machine is being constructed at Worces¬ ter, Massachusetts, that will soon be making paper at the rate of thirty-five tons daily, according to Geyer's Stationer. This machine will make paper fifteen inches wider than any machine in the country. It is 175 feet long and 26 feet wide, weighs about six hundred tons, and will deliver a web of paper 150 inches wide at the rate of 500 feet per minute. The largest of the rollers over which the pulp is to pass alone weighs over five tons. The machine has thirty-two steam dryers. Thirty cars will be required to ship the monster to its destination, Rumford Falls, Maine. AN EXPRESSION FROM CANADA. I have had The Inland Printer placed on the list of papers received by this department, and think some other departments will follow suit. It is far more interesting to read than nine-tenths of the papers usually received. — Alex Clement, Private Secretary to Comptroller of Inland Revenue, Ottawa, Canada. 458 THE INLAND PRINTER. TRADE NOTES. The American Institute Fair will open at Madison Square Garden, New York, September 20, and continue until November 4. E. B. Bird, the artist, has changed his place of business, being now located in the Carter building, corner of Wash¬ ington and Water streets, Boston. The Taylor- Austin Company, of Cleveland, recently incorporated, increased its capital stock from $50,000 to $75,000, and changed its name to the Helman-Taylor Com¬ pany. This company does a publishing business and deals in books, stationery, etc. Barnhart Brothers & Spindler have added to their type foundry, 183 Monroe street, Chicago, a complete electro¬ type plant, and announce that they are prepared to receive and execute, with the promptness for which they are famed, all orders large or small. Robert H. Woolley, with the J. W. Butler Paper Com¬ pany, is the oldest paper salesman in the city of Chicago, says the Paper Trade Journal, He has held his present position since 1871 — twenty- six years — and is still hale and hearty and a vigorous worker. The Manhattan Printing Company, of Cleveland, was recently incorporated. The officers are: E. W. Christy, president ; W. E. Watson, vice-president and manager ; G. A. Schneider, secretary and treasurer, and A. M. Schneider, superintendent. The plant is located at Huron and Middle streets. The Samuel Bingham’s Son Manufacturing Company, makers of printers’ rollers and roller composition, have removed from Custom House Place to new and enlarged premises at 201 to 207 South Canal street, Chicago. The West Side seems to be attracting numbers of firms in the printing, engraving and kindred lines. The publishers of the Grand Rapids (Mich.) Evening Press are increasing their plant by the installation of another Thorne typesetting machine. This makes four machines the Press uses to furnish composition for one of the most enterprising of dailies, with an appearance equal to any paper published and a circulation of one copy to every five inhabitants. Photographs in the colors of nature are now a possi¬ bility in America, M. Chassagne’s new discovery having been introduced in this country by E. & H. T. Anthony & Co., of New York. The process is exceedingly simple, it is stated, and can be manipulated as easily by the amateur as by the expert. A full account of the new color photography is given in the last number of the Photo- American. The Queen’s Jubilee is awakening the ingenuity of the stationery trade in Canada and elsewhere in the British dominions to devise notions in accord with the popular fer¬ vor. Fotheringham & Popham, stationers and printers, Ottawa, Canada, have issued a “Jubilee Note Paper” on which the Canadian flag — done in colors, with the figures 1837-1897 — is shown, and the demand is already very large. The well-known printing firm of Allen & Lamborn, Tacoma, Washington, has absorbed the business and plant of the Houghton Printing Company, and incorporated as the Allen & Lamborn Printing Company, with Ethan Allen, Jr., as president and treasurer ; Frank M. Lamborn, vice- president and manager, and George E. Dixon, secretary. They now have one of the largest and best job printing plants in the Northwest. The Inland Printer is pleased to note the reproduc¬ tion of many of its articles and paragraphs by its contem¬ poraries. It is an evidence of its progressiveness. The courtesy of an acknowledgment of the source of the informa¬ tion would, however, be more in keeping with the spirit of fairness. In an eastern weekly a recent issue gives four paragraphs from The Inland Printer without credit — this cannot be inadvertence. A NEW envelope has been invented for those who dislike to lick the gummed flaps. According to the new plan the gum is placed on the envelope at the point to which the edge of the flap reaches. The flap can then be moistened and turned down on to the gum. Garrett Burns has been appointed manager of the Chicago branch of the Thalmann Printing Ink Company, of St. Louis, with office at 415 Dearborn street. Mr. Burns knows the printing business thoroughly, understands the manufacture of ink, and besides this has the acquaintance of those needing inks, all of which will make him a valu¬ able representative for that company. He says the old-time methods of disposing of this line of goods are past, that competition is keener, and merit in the ink itself must now count more than it did in the earlier days of ink-selling. Advertisements are practically useless when wrongly placed. In the retail trades of a miscellaneous nature, the local press is the medium. The manufacturer, however, has another field of effort. He does not scatter his efforts over a motley crowd, but centralizes them on the middleman, or users of what he manufactures. The trade journal that reaches the consumers of his special product is the one wire in the great system of business telegraphy over which he sends his message. It directly connects the man who wishes to sell with the man who wishes to buy. — The Rocky Mountain Editor. The announcement was made June 2 that the photo¬ process engraving firm of A. Zeese & Sons, Chicago, had been changed to A. Zeese & Co., this step having been made necessary by the rapid growth of the business which made the addition of new members to the firm both essential and desirable in order to promote its continued growth and efficiency. Hereafter the following gentlemen will control the destinies of the firm: A. Zeese, president; Joseph H. Barnett, vice-president ; Albert Zeese, treasurer ; and Edward W. Houser, secretary. The establishment will remain at 300-306 Dearborn street. Among recent callers at this office was the bronze powder manufacturer, Herr H. Rosenhaupt, of Fiirth, Ger¬ many. Mr. Rosenhaupt is not a stranger to Chicago, as he exhibited at the Exposition of 1893. Since then he has participated in two other expositions, those of Antwerp and Nuremberg. At all of them he received highest awards. Over two hundred and fifty varieties of bronzes are made at his works, as well as a new bronze powder that is non- oxidizable and which therefore promises to fill a long-felt want. Mr. Rosenhaupt visits America for the purpose of extending trade relations, and will go as far as San Fran¬ cisco before returning to his home. We wish him a suc¬ cessful and pleasant trip. The recent incorporation of the Harper establishment with a capital of $2,000,000 recalls some interesting facts about the early days of the firm. The two brothers, who had been making but $2 per day, opened a job office in an obscure place on Cliff street. New York, and drummed up trade by calling on the booksellers and printing for them such sized editions of books as, say, five or six firms could dispose of. With the growth of business they began to occupy more space, filling the rear buildings on Pearl street where it expands into Franklin Square. The original building is now the rear entrance of the great establishment on the Square. Here the firm has stayed despite the migra¬ tion uptown of other publishers, and, as of old, each partner must learn the printer’s trade. Hence all the members of the new company are practical printers. One secret of the Harpers’ success is that they have always devoted their entire capital and ability to the business. THE INLAND PRINTER. 459 BUSINESS NOTICES. This department is designed exclusively for business announcements of advertisers and for descriptions of articles, machinery and products recently introduced for the use of printers and the printing trades. Statements published herein do not necessarily voice the opinion of THE DEXTER QUADRUPLE FOLDING MACHINE. Binders and magazine publishers will be interested in the new folding machines that, according to the manufactur¬ ers, are quite an advance over the old machines. We refer to the Dexter quadruple 4-16 or 2-32 folding machine. Among the principal achievements claimed for this machine are the following: 1. Sheets that have lost their “guide edge” by being cut in two after printing are folded accu¬ rately by the automatic pointing attachment. One set of tapes carries the sheet from the first-fold rollers entirely through the machine. The middle sheet slitter is never 3. One sixteen-page signature can be inserted within the other after all signatures are completely folded. It will be seen that this has a very important advantage over the plan of making four folds in each one-half of the sheet to make double thirty-twos. By this plan of inserting, the draw or buckle incidental to making four folds in heavy paper is avoided. 4. The system of scaling for rapidly and accu¬ rately setting the machine in changing sizes has been so perfected that there is no spoiling of sheets in setting the machine. With each machine is a scale which, laid upon the sheet to be folded, indicates to the operator the number to which each part of the machine should be set. All parts of the machine necessary to be adjusted are numbered, so that their proper position is indicated at once by the opera¬ tor’s scale. In this way every adjustment may be properly made before a sheet has been run through the machine. A glance at the accompanying cut will give an idea of the gen¬ eral design of the Dexter Quadruple Folder; also of their convenience, especially the ease with which the sheets may moved. The last fold rollers are adjusted to the right and left from this common center to suit the various sizes. In the moving of these adjustable rollers, screws are sub¬ stituted by a pinion and rack, by means of which there can be no lost motion even with years of use. The sheet slitter used in severing the sixteens is the same that is used in the double-sixteen Dexter machine. In fact, they are interchangeable. All three of the sheet slitters can be removed from the machine and replaced in five minutes. Their position can also be changed while the machine is in motion. 2. Another important point : Sheet is severed while it is firmly gripped by the second-fold rollers, the separation taking place while the sheet is in the act of mak¬ ing the second fold, precisely the same as in the double-six¬ teen. By the time the sheet is severed it is already under the last folding blade and ready to receive the third or last fold. This gives perfect control of the last fold, as the sheet travels but a few inches after the signatures are separated. Under each set of last-fold rollers is a set of “ pressure” or “ calendar ” rollers, which are intended to give greater pres¬ sure to the sheet than can be given by the folding rollers. be removed from the packing boxes, and of many other mechanical features that the modern publisher and printer will quickly appreciate. BEST PRESS FOR THREE-COLOR PRINTING. Albany, March 5, 1896. We take pleasure in recommending the Golding Art Jobber. It is all that could be asked for in the line of a job press. We know of nothing that will do better work or give more universal satisfaction than this press, and we have tried several. We find the ink fountain particularly satis¬ factory in connection with three-color work. We do all of our three-color proving on this press, and find it of special value. A. C. Austin Engraving Company. THE C. & P. PRESSES AND CUTTERS. The Chandler & Price Company, manufacturers of print¬ ing presses and printing machinery, Cleveland, Ohio, do not seem satisfied with covering the United States with their output, for we learn that they are shipping a car of presses 460 THE INLAND PRINTER. and cutters to Australia, tw.elve machines to Norway, and several half-medium presses to Mexico. These were all shipped during- the month of June. This enterprise certainly shows that the Chandler & Price Company is striving to keep the balance of trade in favor of the United States. A GREAT SPECIALIZED INDUSTRY. To gain a conception of the extent to which specializa¬ tion has been carried in this day and generation one has but to visit the little town of Dayton, Ohio, and the shops of the Seybold Machine Company. Their plant, which is illus¬ trated by the three views on this and the opposite page, has been increased until it now covers over 30,000 square feet of space entirely devoted to the manufacture of paper-work¬ ing machinery. But there is a still further specialization, for the factory is divided into several departments each of which manufactures its own kind of a machine. In one the folding machines are turned out, in another the embossing machines, and in others paper cutters, knife grinders, per¬ forators, smashing machines, power punch machines, round- corner cutters, rotary board cutters, glue heaters, etc. And yet with all its diversity the whole plant is so carefully planned that every detail is attended to with clock-like order and promptness. The main shop, the interior of which is shown in the cut opposite, is equipped with modern mechanism from one end to the other, and the masterful genius of inventor Charles Seybold, the head of this great establishment, can be recognized in the many ingenious principles actuating both machine and product. The new¬ est invention, and one that deserves more than a passing notice, is the new “Duplex” trimmer, shown herewith. A machine like this that will trim two edges with one trim and with the same amount of labor as required before for the one-knife machines, is something that appeals to the busy or hurried printer and bookbinder who has to make time in order to deliver promptly his rush orders. That it has therefore won great popularity among all the larger offices is not a surprising record. In fact, buyers of the best paper-working machinery have come to place absolute con¬ fidence in everything on which the name Seybold appears. This is because the Seybold Company have built up their success upon honest goods and superior workmanship. Their maxim has been that “ a machine of doubt is a thorn in flesh.” A poor machine as long as it lasts will stand in the way of future sales. Hence it is that so much care is taken not to allow anything unworthy to pass the threshold of the Dayton shops. The second interior view shows an avenue through one of the warerooms. Here are arranged ready for shipment machines representing each kind and size made by the company. This plan enables a shipment to be made immediately on receipt of the order, thus insur¬ ing to the purchaser prompt delivery and avoiding the cus¬ tomary long months of waiting until the machines can be built. The Seybold machines have won their way in the leading civilized countries of the globe, and the export trade has now become so flour¬ ishing that a shop has had to be erected in Germany to supply the foreign mar¬ ket. Intending purchasers in the East will find a full line of machines in opera¬ tion in the company’s ex¬ hibition rooms at No. 1 Reade street. New York City. The paper and print¬ ing trades may well re¬ gard this plant with great interest. The presiding genius of Charles Seybold may be expected to work out many problems of labor- saving that will greatly modify if not revolutionize the trades he has already so signally benefited. He is fortunate in having as his lieutenants L. W. Gunckel, treasurer, and B. B. Thresh¬ er, secretary, both active young men blessed with the executive ability neces¬ sary to administer a great business, and imbued with the standards of honesty and integrity that so mark all the dealings of the firm. WHAT DO YOU BUY TYPE FOR? When you buy a painting, do you buy the paint and can¬ vas or the skill and ability of the painter? An inferior artist may use just as good paint and canvas, and put in just as much time on his painting as a good artist ; yet you prefer to pay for genius, for originality, and good work. A type face should be a work of art, and the type designs of the American Type Founders’ Company are unrivaled art productions, satisfying the most critical, pleasing those who know nothing about type but who have artistic perceptions, which they ex¬ ercise in examining type effects just as they do when buying wall paper. Whether in plain faces or its recent original fashion-leading designs, the American Type Founders’ Company invites comparison, and is sure that purchasers of its type will be the gainers, because pound for pound its cost is no more than that of inartistic type, while it possesses the inestimable value imparted by brains, genius, good work¬ manship and usefulness. Even if you had to pay more for General View of Seybold Machine Company’s Shops, Dayton, Ohio. THE INLAND PRINTER, 461 KIDDER ROTARY PRESSES. The high state of development to which rotary printing machines have been brought by the Kidder Press Man¬ ufacturing Company, Boston, Massa¬ chusetts, is among their proudest achievements. The various styles of rotary presses which they are now placing in the market are conspicuous leaders in the fields for which they were designed. They have perfecting rotaries in all sizes for fine color work and half-tone printing ; perfecting ro¬ taries adjustable to any size of sheet ; rotaries for the wrapping-paper trade (both for sheets and counter-rolls), in¬ cluding a machine adjustable to cut any size of sheet from the roll before printing, etc. They are also expert design¬ ers of rotaries to meet all sorts of special needs and require¬ ments. The printer who is interested in this subject should write to them for further particulars. The Illustrated Express, of Buffalo, New York, is printed each week upon one of the adjustable perfecting rotaries manufactured by this company. The paper contains a large number of excel¬ lently. printed half-tones, and although the stock used for Main Wareroom, Seybold Machine Company. Chicago, has also purchased a 44-inch machine from the same gentlemen. The Brown & Carver machines seem to be going well, notwithstanding the hard times. DO YOU WANT A SUPERINTENDENT? In these times of close competition it behooves business houses to employ men of experience in the conduct of their affairs, and such men are difiicult to secure and their value the sheet is not an enameled paper, the results are exceed¬ ingly satisfactory. BROWN & CARVER CUTTERS. We learn that J. M. Ives, Chicago agent for the Brown & Carver paper cutters, has recently sold the Detmer Woolen Company, of Chicago, one of their paper cutters for special work which other machines had trouble with, and that it is doing most satisfactory work. The Regan Printing House, <‘A CUT IN PAPER.” A very unique and interesting little booklet with the above title, published by the Challenge Machinery Company, Chicago, has been received ; and while it is an advertisement pure and simple of the Advance Cutter, it is written in a breezy style and tells about the con¬ struction, new improvements and gen¬ eral advantages of that machine in such a terse and attractive way, that the reader is bound to follow it through from cover to cover. such type, it would be unwise to sacrifice the style and beauty of j-our printing for a small difference in cost over poorly designed type. The printed effect is what you pay for — be sure you get the best for your money. NOW GO FISHING. Excellent sport in the way of fishing is now to be had at Diamond Lake, Lake Villa, Pox Lake, Loon Lake, Chan¬ nel Lake (Antioch), Camp Lake, Silver Lake, Brown’s Lake (Burlington), Lake Beulah, Phan¬ tom and Eagle Lakes (Mukwonago), Cedar Lake, Lake Winnebago, Neenah, Gill’s Landing, Waupaca, Phillips, Fifield, and many other resorts on the Wisconsin Central Lines within easy reach of Chicago. That company has just issued a neat little booklet called “Vacation Suggestions,” both illus¬ trative and descriptive of all of the different resorts on its lines. The book also contains valuable informa¬ tion in the way of round-trip tourist rates to the different resorts, the names of hotels, capacity, rates, both by the day and week, etc. For copies of this booklet and other matter, ad¬ dress City Office, 204 South Clark street, Chicago. 462 THE INLAND PRINTER. is be3’ond estimate. In the “want columns” appears the advertisement of a well-known gen¬ tleman, a man of the strictest integrity and unquestioned business ability, who wishes to connect himself with an establishment appreciat¬ ing honest effort and long practical experience. It would be well for those desiring the services of such a man to correspond with him at once. See ad. marked “ T 16.” ADVANTAGES OFFERED TO PURCHASERS OF MACHINERY AND MATERIAL. The leading merchant in the above line, the largest- buyer, and consequently buj’ing at the lowest prices, and keeping stock in a number of houses, some one of which is convenient to every printer in the United States, is in a better position than any other concern to sell to the advantage of the printer. This concern is the American Tj’pe Founders’ Company, which cannot afford to injure its high repute in the type business by selling inferior articles in its merchandising departments. The surest place to get the best money’s worth in everything used by the printer is any one of its branches. Challekgb Type-High and Squaring Machine. hours per day on each man, they are doing well, and by close attention to business and the introduction of progress¬ ive ideas have built up a business of which they have every reason to be proud. THE GENERAL ENGRAVING COMPANY. Readers of The Inland Printer will be pleased to learn a little about the General Engraving Company, makers of half-tones, zinc etchings, and wood engravings, whose place of business is in Cleveland, Ohio. The company occupies the entire fourth floor of the building corner of Seneca and Champlain streets, with offices on the second floor, and has won its way to the front rank as an engraving concern, as the specimen book gotten out by the company, and the many orders filled for regular customers, thor¬ oughly attest. A speci¬ men plate made by this firm is shown upon page 414 of the present issue. We show herewith portraits of the two proprietors. Mr. P. C. Mugler, the manager, was for many years of the firm of Mugler & Kraus, wood engravers, this firm finally being merged into the present company. Mr. C. E. Bonner was formerly employed in various cities, and has had a large experience in the photo-engraving busi¬ ness. He has charge of the practical part as superintendent. The company prides itself upon the excellence of the plates turned out in its establishment. The reason they are enabled to turn out the best work is that they have the people to do it, and are willing to pay for the best help. The proprietors are thor¬ ough believers in the eight-hour system, and in spite of the fact that their competitors have the advantage of one or two NOTHING LIKE IT. Every printer knows what a source of annoyance it is to have a cut on the press that is too high or out of true. The pressman has to resort to all sorts of expedients to overcome the difficulty. He tries to scrape it down with a knife or sandpaper, and even with the greatest care is unable to get it true with such primitive appliances. The Challenge Machinery Company, of Chicago, has just brought out a simple device that will gladden the hearts of pressmen. It is called the Challenge Type-High Machine (patent 513,330). The illustration gives a good idea of the machine in use. It will be seen that the cut or block is placed face downward on a galley and passed through the machine ; the planer, which carries a special double hand- cut file, is moved over it back and forth until it comes out the correct height. The plane is also used for squaring such blocks as may be out of true. Any printers’ supply house will fill your order, or send descriptive circular on application. TYPE DESIGNS IN BLACK AND WHITE. Ed S. Ralph will issue a 32-page book of his choicest and best designs, taken from actual work. The designs are practical and highly educational. The examples are not of the common class, but those which are the hardest to get satisfactory results from. It will be issued from the jyin- ters Press, July 15. Send post office money order for 50 cents to Ed S. Ralph, the Winters Company, Springfield, Ohio, and receive a copy postpaid. WANT ADVERTISEMENTS. We will receive want advertisements for The Inland Printer at a price of 25 cents per line for the “Situations Wanted” department or 40 cents per line under any of the other headings. Ten words counted to the line. Price invariably the same whether one or more insertions are taken, and cash to accompany the order. The magazine is issued promptly on the 1st of each month, and no want advertisements for any issue can be received later than the 23d of the month preceding. Answers can be sent in our care, if desired. All letters received will be promptly forwarded to parties for whom intended without extra charge. No advertisement of less than two lines accepted. _ BOOKS. _ A BOOK FOR PRINTERS — “The Practical Printer,” 200 pages, $1; “ Printer’s List of Prices ” and four other books; .sold by all type founders; write for circulars. H. G. BISHOP, Oneonta, N. Y. CMBOSSING FROM ZINC PLAT^,~b^T L. MeltonTa^ ^ concise treatise of 12 pages on embossing on platen presses. We have a few copies of this pamphlet which we will send postpaid on receipt of 10 cents. Former price $1. THE INLAND PRINTER CO., 212-214 Monroe street, Chicago. THE INLAND PRINTER. 463 BOOKS. PRINTERS’ Book of Recipes contains zinc etching, stereo- SITUATIONS WANTED. U; ANTED— Steady position by A 1 job man (union) ; sober VV and reliable. Also well up in presswork. Will go anywhere. “T 14,” U/ELL educated young man (Canadian), desirous of learn- Addre^s^C.X^S^.^-B'-lMlS’^D-Sli^r;^^^ PLUCK— A monthly publication of push and progress, YOUNG MAN, competent half-tone and chromatic engraver. ^ Best references. AUGUSTUS M. HESLEY, 954 N. St. Paul street, FOR SALE. pOR SALE— Johnston Steely Dm Power Stamper, with COR SALE— 10 by 15 Peerless press, 13 by 19 old style Lia'So‘S’’buMh.t BARHYDT, 1014 BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES. COR SALE— A newspaper and job office in thriving rail- LrT pOR SALE— Two No. 1, 39 by S3, Miehle presses. Call or COR SALE— Job printing outfit, in splendid condition. piNE new hand shaving machine, 12 x 18. One good as sacrifr^^For parttXrHddr^^^^ HELP WANTED. luODERN job and newspaper office and bookbindery. AN ALL-ROUND bookbinder and an all-round process OTEuSoRAviNO a!.'!. FS™G"coS“A'Rl?r‘& S XA/ ANTED — A man familiar with the chemistry and work- \A/ ANTED— Pressman for fine half-tone catalogue work \A/ ANTED— Small bindery and ruler. Also capable man ^VV to manage same. State full particulars in first letter. “T 18,” 1\|EWSPAPER and job office in live Eastern college town. QZARK fruit land ; also fruit trees. Will sell or trade for prmtin„ plant, presses, motor, etc. STARK NURSERY, Louisiana, MISCELLANEOUS. A CHEAP PERFORATOR— Will perforate or score while ten p'arts?°lend To® circular®anT teTtfmonflllT’nf G.' BUSHOpf oleTntT SITUATIONS WANTED. N.Y. ALBERT HALLETT PROCESS for perfectly imitating ^ MAN of^ character and intepity desires to make ^ a A N ALL-ROUND BINDER wants position to take charge estimateon worlt. Cor- ^NYBODY CAN MAKE CUTS with my simple transfer- CIPTEEN years as printer and newspaper worker ; good ^sTim^^t^nt ifi-nTn".? a^5 pKSondaTly: ”T‘2t,” P^N’T^r ^ ^ toivn,Ind. ^ lOBBER, also understands presswork, desires foremanship PHALK ENGRAVING PLATES— We make the “Bell” pHALK PLATES RECOATED, cent an inch. Write for circular. BYRON POPE & CO., Cleveland, Ohio. CMBOSSING DIES and Burbank’s Embossing Composi- M^aYs"""”^ engraving pOTTER JOB STEREOTYPING OUTFIT —Practical, gTEREOTYPE OUTFITS for both Papier-mach^ and YhE TYPEWEITEE PEESS _ A money-makinir SDecialtv* PRESSMAN wants situation. Expert on fine bookwork. LN",=^PCMor^efv&, C^ni.°“ CITUATION WANTED by line- work engraver on country O newspaper. F. BIERMAN, Jr., 2022 O’Fallou street, St. Louis, Mo. COBER, industrious, thoroughly practical man of over CUCCESSFUL printer and newspaperman for 16 years 1 ADAMSON TYPEWRITER PEESS CO., klundA l.d. lots of grH an&rgy?"?‘T'26:” Inland R/1RG/1IN TO niQHEST BlbBER 1 EMPIRE MACHINE '‘To’pSt'-SuIttie U/EB PRESSMAN wants job in small city, Eastern States sslirir"''”" 464 THE INLAND PRINTER. JUST A LITTLE COURAGE! You remember the tramp who heard the dog growl aud then saw that he was wagging his tail. Yet he didn’t dare to go ahead; he said he didn’t know which end to believe. Scores of printers are in this dilemma now. They hear the dull growl of the hard times dying away in the distance, and then they read this statement from us : The way to make money today is to invest in a Cottrell Flat Bed Perfecting Press. No more pressroom space needed, but double your present product in one-third the time and at one-fourth the cost. They hesitate! It’s an absolutely sure thing, but — if only they didn’t hear that dis¬ tant thunder 1 Now, let us say a word. There are half a dozen ways to miss an opportunity; there is only one way to secure it. That way is to seize it! The price you must pay for this oppor¬ tunity is a little courage. Have you ever stopped to think what makes one merchant successful and another unsuccessful ? Nearly every mistake may be traced to fear. Two-thirds of the business successes of printers are founded on a little effort and — COURAGE! C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. 41 Park Row, NEW YORK. 297 Dearborn Street, Chicago. THE INLAND PRINTER. 465 JAPANESE PRINTING AND COPYING PAPERS, JAPANESE PAPER NAPKINS. CHINESE PRINTING AND COLORED PAPERS, Gold, Red, Etc. Samples oh application. LIONEL MOSES, importer, 25-27 South William Street, New York. Gasoline Engines The Most Reliable and Cheapest for Printers. No Engineer; no attention required. Catalogue free. THE VAN DUZEN GASOLINE ENGINE CO., Cincinnati, Ohio. CHARLES L. STURTEVANT, ATTORNEY AT LAW. United States and Foreign Patents, Trade-Marks and Copyrights, Searches, Investigations and Litigation. Patent business exclusivelv. Offices: ATLANTIC BLDG. WASHINGTON, D. C. ST. LOUIS Photo-Engraying®. (OR. 4TH & PfNE STS. LOUIS. A? CUMMER Excursion Tickets to the resorts of Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan, Colorado, Cali¬ fornia, Montana, Wash¬ ington, Oregon and British Columbia ; also to Alaska, J apan,China and all T rans- Pacific Points, are now on sale by the CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL RAILWAY. Full and reliable information can be had by applying to Mr. C. N. SOUTHER, Ticket Agent, 95 Adams Street, Chicago. There are Others — and we are one of them ! Sales and Proofs of our claims bear us out in our statements. Investigate for yourself by sending for our New Catalogue. Manufacturers of STBBL, and BRftSS TYPB. GEO. W. PROUTY CO. 15 Union St., WORCESTER, MASS. 100 High St., BOSTON, MASS. EVERY PRINTER WANTS... “profitable Hdvcrfising" THE ADVERTISER’S TRADE JOURNAL. Fully illustrated, bright, original, up-to-date on all Advertising Topics. The handsomest publication of its kind. Ten Cents bring-s a sample copy if you mention The Inland Printer. KATE E. GRISWOLD, Editor and Publisher, CINCINNATI to CHICAGO. OPEN AND COMPARTMENT SLEEPING CARS ON NIGHT TRAINS. The only line running 4 trains every day - Cincinnati to ITichigan Points. D. G. EDWARDS, General Passenger Agent, CINCINNATI, OHIO. 466 THE INLAND PRINTER. Cdbat more can we say, "Cban to you we have said, "Cbat Queen City Inks Hre still at tbe bead. ...Our... H, D* Book and Halt -Tone Inks are Good, BETTER, BEST. WE carefully guard the interests of our patrons by sending ^ them the best goods made in our line. ^ ^ tMt Queen City Printing Ink Company, Home Office, Cincinnati, Ohio. We respectfully solicit your orders. branch,,, 3 47 dearborn Street, CHICAGO, ILL, THE INLAND PRINTER. 4G7 BRIDESMAID ROSES. HE BEALITIELIL results which can be produced by the half-tone process in its highest efficiency are well shown in the above illustration, which exhibits an accuracy of detail and a delicacy of tone so faithfut to nature that the effect is little short of marvelous. HE PRACTICAL business side must receive equal consideration with the artistic in this matter of illustrations. Two points are important —price and promptness. In some cases you may get slightly lower prices, f you want that kind of work. In no case can you get work in shorter time. IUu9ti*atioii9 of all kinds for all purposes. Th@ EmgirsiwiEiigj 0@o 3S0 DEARBORN STREET, GHIGAGO. 468 THE INLAND PRINTER. Perfection in S Press Building IS SECURED IN T ime T ested^ Service T ried^ CranH movement — Doing away with all cam gears, springs, centers. Running without jolt or jar. Bed motion — Giving ease of motion, firmness, long life, simplicity. Insures better distribution, better impression, better register ; and, therefore, better work. Economy — No breakage, no repairs. Perfectors....CwoKevolution....Cwo-Eolor. Smallest, 24x31, Largest, 48x69, NOT A NOVELTY, but a Printing Press whose every improvement marks a distinct and permanent gain to the Printing Art. WE ASK YOU TO INVESTIGATE THE HUBER, VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON 59 Ann 17 to 23 Rose St* Western Office : 256 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. NEW YORK. H. W. THORNTON, Manager. THE INLAND PRINTER. 469 CONOMIC AUTOMATIC PAPER-FEEDING MACHINEaf Over 800 in successful operation on Cylinder Printing Presses, Folding Machines, Ruling Machines, Calendering Machines, etc. Showing Feeder attached to a Two-Revolution Front-Delivery Press. AN be attached to any Cylinder Press, Marginal Folding Machine or Ruling Machine. Adjustments simple, and quickly made. Adapted to small as well as large runs. Press Feeders constructed to carry a load of 5,000 to 18,000 sheets, according to weight of paper. Tape frame of Feeder can be lifted in one minute and press fed by hand if desired. Increases production from J5 to 30 per cent, insures absolutely perfect register, and saves labor and wastage. We can show some of the largest printing and binding establishments completely equipped with the Economic Feeders. It will pay you to investigate. Write to the Sole Agents. E. C. FULLER & CO. CHICAGO OFFICE: 279 Dearborn Street. 28 Rcade Street, NEW YORK. MANUFACTURERS’ AGENTS Smytb Book Sewing macbincs, Smyth ease making machines, Economic Paper-Teeding machines, ehambers folding machines, ehristie Beveling machines, Acme and other Gutting machines, Elliott thread Stitching machines. Universal Ulire Stitching machines, Ellis Boiler Backer, Peerless Botary Perforators, AND A COMPLETE LINE OF MACHINES FOR BOOKBINDERS AND PRINTERS. Duplicate Parts for Machines, Tape, Wire, Thread, Oil, etc. COMPLETE OUTFITS. 470 THE INLAND PRINTER. Parsons Paper Co- ; flolyohie, JVIass First-class Bond- No, 2 Ledger, Extra Fines, Royal Bond, No, 3 Ledger, \ No, 2 Fines, No, 2 Bond, Extra Linen Laid, Tinted Weddings, Old Hampden Bond, Vendome Linen, Colored Flats, Scotch Linen Ledger, Parsons Extra Superfine. Envelope Papa'S, Royal Linen Ledger, Champion Superfine, Bristol Boards, The most complete line of Loft=dried Papers of any manufacturer. Send for sample sheets and compare with what you are now using. Don’t Stick Me, but Stick these GAUGE PINS into your tympan, and you won’t g-et stuck in getting a good regis¬ ter and placing j'our sheets on the ORIGINAL STEEL GAUGE PINS. Four sizes, 60c. per doz., either size. ‘ EDW. L. MEQILL, 6o Duane Street, NEW YORK. .^cHEBER WELLS Successor to Vanderburgli, ¥0110 & Co. _ 157=159 William St., NEW YORK, Printm’ materlaU THE INLAND PRINTER. 471 THE DEXTER COMBINATION NEWSPAPER AND PERIODICAL FOLDER A most satisfactory machine for the uses intended* Built — as all ^‘Dexter'' machines are — of the best materials. WRITE FOR CIRCULAR AND PARTICULARS. BRANCHES? CHICAGO: 3J5 DEARBORN STREET. BOSTON: 149 CONGRESS STREET. FACTORY: PEARL RIVER, N. Y. DEXTER FOLDER CO. 97 READE STREET, NEW YORK. Tor all classes or worn. • • Slmiilo, euoaii and TnfalllMo. NO chemicals, no expen¬ sive plants. The only process adapted todaily newspaper illustration. Com¬ plete outfits, $15.00 and up¬ wards, according to size. A simple machine renders pre¬ vious knowledge of engraving unnecessary for the duction of cuts. With outfits local papers can produce their type their standing ads., etc. We make stereotyping ma¬ chinery, power saws, routers, etc. Our combined machines are the best on the market. We warrant everything. WRITE US. HOKE ENGRAVINO PUTE CQ., • - ST. LOUIS. FOR PRINTERS, PUBLISHERS, ILLUSTRATORS, ENGRAVERS, ELECTROTYPERS, ETC. The July number contains a report of the result oj the *"What Is a Printer'’’ contest. Send 20 cents for a copy. Subscription price, $2,00 per year. HOWARD LOCKWOOD & CO., 143 Bkecker Sired, NEW YORK. THE INLAND PRINTER. REBUILT i. i. MACHINERY ..Crescent Type Company.. C. E. ROLEAU, Manager. 346-348 Dearborn St, CHICAGO, ILL. CYLINDER PRESSES. 42x60 Campbell; two-revolution, four- roller, table distribution. 41x56 Campbell; two-revolution, four- roller, table distribution. 37x52 Hoe; two-revolutioS, four-roller, table distribution. 34x52 Cottrell & Babcock Drum Cy¬ linder; air springs, tape delivery, two-roller, rack and screw. 32x46 Six-Column Quarto Hoe Drum Cylinder; wire springs, two-roller, tape delivery. 22x28 Campbell Drum Cylinder; wire springs, tape delivery, two-roller, rack and screw. 19x25 American Cylinder; two-roller, tapeless delivery, cylinder distri¬ bution. 17x22 Potter Drum Cylinder; tapeless delivery, wire springs. Six-Column Quarto Standard Prouty with hand or steam fixtures. Seven-Column Folio Standard Prouty with hand or steam fixtures. JOB PRESSES. 13x19 Universal, with steam fixtures. 12x17 New Style Nonpareil; receding bed, side steam fixtures. 14x17 Day Jobber, for hand power. 11x16 Peerless, throw-off and side steam fixtures. 10x15 Universal, with fountain and side steam fixtures. 10x15 Challenge Gordon, with throw- off, long fountain, brake, and side steam fixtures. I 10x15 Lloyd Gordon, with throw-off and side steam fixtures. 10x15 Standard Jobber, with throw-off and side steam fixtures. 10x15 Old Style Gordon. 10x15 Old Style Gordon, with side steam fixtures. 10x15 Star Jobber. 9x13 O. K. Kelsey Jobber. 8x12 Challenge Gordon with throw- off, long fountain, brake and side steam fixtures. 8x12 Schneidewend & Lee Gordon; throw-off and side steam fixtures. 7x11 Old Style Gordon. 7x11 Pearl, iron stand. 5x8 Pearl, iron stand. 5x8 Pearl, wood stand. EIAND PRESSES. 8-Column Washington Hand Press. 7-Column Washington Hand Press. 6-Column Washington Hand Press. ENGINES. GAS OR GASOLINE. 10-Horse Power Lewis, for gas. 6-Horse Power Hercules, gas or gaso¬ line; used only six months. 5- Horse Power Otto, gas or gasoline. 4-Horse Power Van Duzen, gas or gasoline. 2-Horse Power Hercules, gas or gaso¬ line. EOLDERS. 6- Column Quarto Lloyd Folding Ma¬ chine, for three or four folds. 6-Column Quarto Bascom Folder. CARD CUTTERS. 30-Inch Rotary Card Cutter. 28-Inch Ruggles Rotary Card Cutter. 26-Inch Ruggles Rotary Card Cutter. 24- Inch Fagle Card Cutter. 12-Inch Elm City Card Cutter. PAPER CUTTERS. 48-Inch Dooley Power Cutter. 36-Ineh Feister Coronet Power Cutter. 32-Iueh Peerless Power Cutter. 32-Ineh Challenge Lever Cutter. 25- Inch Advance Lever Cutter. 23-Inch Jewell Lever Cutter. MISCELLANEOUS. No. 3 Donnell Wire Stitcher. No. 30 Foot-Power Wire Stitcher, capacity 3-16 flat or saddle-back; nearly new. McFatrich Mailer, with 15 galleys. Mustang Mailer, with 10 galleys. 2-Horse Power Climax Water Motor. No. 10 Chicago Water Motor. 12x24 Stereo Outfit, complete. 11x21 Surguy Stereo Outfit. 9x27 Proof Press, iron stand. Reliance Proof Press. Economic Proof Press. Lightning Staple Binder, with foot- power attachment. Lightning Staple Binder. Hoe Horizontal Mitering Machine. Little Giant Lead and Rule Cutter. Golding Rule Curving Machine. A large lot of chases, all sizes, at 5 cents per pound. A LARGE QUANTITY OF GOOD SECONDHAND DISPLAY AND BODY TYPE, CASES, STANDS, IMPOSING STONES, ETC., AT LOWEST PRICES. The above machinery has been thoroughly overhauled, put in first-class condition and is nearly good as new. Correspondence solicited. When in the city make our office your headquarters and we will help you save money. THE INLAND PRINTER. 473 BfllE PRESSES We Advertise only Stock in our Wareroom. 150 ... 42x60 Campbell Two-Revolution, four-roller, table distribu¬ tion, job and book . 152.. .. 41.56 Campbell Two-Revolution, four-roller, table distribu¬ tion, job and book . 145. . . .37 X 52 Hoe Two-Revolution, four-roller, table distribution . 139 _ 38 X 54 Taylor Three-Revolution, air springs, tape delivery - 153 _ 35x51 Hoe Drum Cylinder, four-roller, table distribution, wire springs and tape delivery . 101. ..32x46 Six-column Quarto Hoe Drum, two-roller, wire springs, tape delivery . 131.. .. 24.29 Hoe Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape delivery, rack 130. . . .17 X 22 Potter Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tapeless delivery, 132 _ 23x28 Taylor Drum Cylinder, wire spring.s, tape delivery . 149.. .. 16x21 Hoe Pony Drum Cylinder, tapeless delivery, wire springs, rack and screw distribution . MISGBL.L.rtNY. Spec/a/. —Johnston Steel Die Power Stamper, automatic feed and wiper, with patent ink-saving attachment. Good as new. 109 _ Seven-column Quarto Kendall Folding Machine, with paster and trimmer . V S o n (t) H o » r H o Full Line of New 0. S. Gordon Presses at manufacturers’ prices. Should you be in need of anything not listed here, write us, for our stock is constantly changing and increasing. We are doing business for your benefit as well as for our own. Favor us and get fair, honest and monej^- saving treatment. Our storeroom is ample for display of machinery. All of our secondhand machinery is thoroughly and carefully rebuilt and fully guaranteed. H RPON 0ll,(:25 80 0 1,725 5)7 10 2,075 113 15 2,400 ~ |4,900 325 145 5 5 86 5 ,103 5 365 IS 5 160 8 0 120 0 35)0 10 0 160 -8 0 |245 0l 500 25 o| 200 |l0 o! understood for delivery at niy works — Leipzig- — and include 2- knives of best quality, 2 cutting- .sticks, spanner and oil can. Paekliig, cases extra. For iiuotation — delivery free domicile — please apply direct to my sole agents : Messrs. KAMPE & CO., 76 High Holborn,' LONDON W.C. Xarl J(rause, Xeip^ig Sngineer. THE INLAND PRINTER. 475 THE LEADING PRINTING INK MANUFACTURERS. 59BEEKMAN ST. NEW YORK. FRED'K H, LEVEY, CHAS E= NEWTON. PRESIDENT. VICE-PRESIDENT. 476 THE INLAND PRINTER. The EMMERICH (GUARANTEED output of 2000 sheets or more per hour. Capacity of large sizes limited only by speed of the printing press. ^^mpion press Lowest Prices Best mork Eittmericb $ Uonderlebr, 191 and 193 mortb $t. Chase 6x10 in.; “ 8x12 “ “ 9x13 “ “ 10x15 “ weigrht, 300 lbs., $ 65 “ 600 “ 85 “ 750 “ 100 “ 1,000 “ 135 rith throw-off, $120 Hew Vork »»»»»»»»» Special Machines for Photographic Mounts and Cards, Embossing Machines, etc. Easiest running: ; simple in construction ; the equal of any other joh press ; every one warranted ; for fine as weU as for heavy work ; two weeks’ trial allowed. Send lor circular. *• New Champion press Co. Machinists and Manufacturers and Dealers in JOB PRINTING PRESSES, IVo. 41 Centre Street, ]Vew ™ NEW COLUMBIflN OETIMUS -TTHE NEW BED MOTION recently put on the OJPTIMUS Press, whereby the type bed is driven by means of a ball and socket universal joint, is one of the most valuable im¬ provements made in press building- in durability and p is possible i A BACK-UP MOTION IS AN IM¬ PORTANT FEATURE ON A PRESS. The new COLUMBIAN OPTIMUS HAS IT . We Guarantee : The Pinest Delivery, the Pnstest Two-Hevolution of its size, and a Thoroughly Pirst-class Press in every way. Babcock Printing Press Mfg. Co., new^^ondon. . corroMD, n BARNHART BROS. & SPINDLER, 183 io 187 Monroe St, t 3 OF THE OPTIMUS TWO-REVOLUTION, DISPATCH SINGLE REVOLUTION, ^ STANDARD DRUM CYLINDER, C REGULAR, COUNTRY AND OTHER CYLINDER PRESSES. THE INLAND PRINTER. 477 ■RTf'ANY people expect to buy Bicycles at reduced I ▼X prices in June. There will be no change in the price of Crescents for they are absolutely high-grade wheels — sold at same price to every¬ body— all the year— and honest prices need no change. Crescent Bicycles (70,000 sold in 1896) are built on honor and sold on their merits — have a more expensive equipment than any other Bicycle. The popular wheel at the standard price, and no better wheel at any price. Crescent Agents Everywhere. Catalogue Free. Chicago. WESTERN WHEEL WORKS. New York. 4-8 478 THE INLAND PRINTER. BLOMGREN BROS. S GO. €iiltr<)Din9 and €leciroivpiii9. WRITE FOR OUR SERIES OP STOCK HALF-TONES.... _17S MONROE STREET, CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 479 480 THE INLAND PRINTER. -^eOYERS^ Plain Smooth Laid Antique Laid “Ulster” Linen, Smooth and Rough “Ashmere” Linen, Smooth and Rough “Unique,” Smooth and Rough “White Star” “Princess,” Smooth and Rough “Abbotsford” Deckle-Edge “Shandon” Deckle-Edge “Noiseless” Deckle-Edge “Fort Dearborn,” Enameled “Whitefriars,” Double Enameled “Armory” Linen, Double Enameled “Yellowstone” Manila, Enameled Embossed “Ulster” Einen Embossed “Unique” Embossed “Princess” Embossed “Fort Dearborn” Embossed “Yellowstone” Colored S. & S. C. Book Colored Coated Book “Rialto” Coated Book Document Manila James White & Company, ( CORPORATION ) PAPER DEALERS, Telephone, Express 672. >77 Monroe St., CHICAGO. IlUnois paper Co. 181 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO. Staple and dnique Cover and Booh papers. WRITE FOR OUR LATEST. PARKER'S UNRIVALED BLOTTING PAPERS, DOCUMENT MANILA, ETC. W. C. QILLETT, President. A. T. HODGE, Vice-President and Treasurer. GEORGE D. FORREST, Secretary. Make and Sett Every Kind of ^e.'paper... USED BY PUBLISHERS AND PRINTERS. PAPER Send for Our New Catalogue. CHICAGO PAPER COMPANY, 120 & 122 FRANKLIN ST. CHICAGO. FOR PRINTERS, PUBLISHERS, ADVERTISERS AND LARGE CONSUMERS DIRECT FROM THE MANUFACTURERS. Many books come and g-o in a zig'-zag', uncertain way, but there is one which, like Tennyson’s brook, keeps rig-ht on g-athering- strength day by day. This book is “ Hints on Imposition,” a hand¬ book for printers, by T. B. Williams. Every pag-e is replete with information for journeyman printer Thorough Instructor and apprentice. Nothing- pertaining- to the imposition of book forms has been overlooked by the author. The book is a thoroug-h instructor, and as such has become very popular. An important feature of the book is the concise manner in which it deals with the work. The folded sheet and the imposed form are placed side by side in every instance, and directions are g-iven for “making-” the marg-ins. Pag-es of unequal size in the form are fully dealt with, as also all other matters in connection with the work. This book should be in the hands of every printer, and no apprentice can afford to be without it. TUB INLAND PRINTER COMPANY, Price, leather, $1.00. 212^214 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. Sent postpaid on receipt of price. Nassau Street, NEW YORK. THE INLAND PRINTER. 481 PHILADELPHIA BRANCH; CHICAGO BRANCH: 424 Library Street. 337-339 Dearborn Street. J. M, HUBER ( Tine Colors, MAKER OF Pure Uarnisbes, I Best inks. FACTORY: MAIN OFFICE: 76-90 40th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 275 Water St., New York. De Utility Cutter bas Good Points: Compound Leverage — makes cutting easy. Patent Clamp for narrow cutting. (This clamp does not crease paper. ) All Cast-iron Parts extra heavy. Screws and Studs of best Machine Steel. All parts Interchangeable. Guaranteed to please. Pavyer Piintlyy inacliine Works, 600=2=4 S. Broadway, St. Louis, Mo. ARE YOU INTERESTED IN NVELOPES? If you are, our new Reduced Price List will be a revelation to you. Envelopes of any kind, grade, size, color or weight. QUALITY? As represented all the time or money back, PRICES ? WAY BELOW you have ever heard. Send for samples and judge for yourself. We carry everything in Paper, Cardboard and Envelopes for the Printers' trade, and if you cannot succeed with our goods you can never succeed at all. UNION CARD & PAPER CO., Cardboard, Paper and Envelopes, 198 William Street, NEW YORK. Cbe Central Paper Company, Nos. 177 & 179 Monroe Street, CHICAGO, Put all their Ruled Papers up in Boxes with five Tablet Boards in each box. SAMPLES ARE NOW READY. Buffalo Snh you are using, it’s Uhe S^est We Manufacture Ledgers, Superfines, Fines, Bonds, Linens, Colored Flats, Bristols, Ruled Stock, Wedding Stock HEADQUARTERS FOR ■ ^ etc., etc. LOFT. DRIED FLAT WRITINGS, EMBOSSED BOARDS, FANCY PAPERS, RULED HEADINGS, ENVELOPES, WEDDING STOCK, Etc. All of the above stock manufactured by our own mllli. Capacity 30 tons daily. Sample Book of our complete line of Flats and Ruled Headings, with quotations, sent on application. Small ai well aa large mall orders soUclted. Buffalo Sprinting Snh 'Worhs, Buffalo, SL.y. 482 THE INLAND PRINTER. ^ Can be % Used % Everywhere ! The ouo Gas Engine OF TODAY, IS THE RESULT OF OVER TWENTY-FIVE YEARS’ EXPERIENCE IN THIS FIELD. NO BOILER, NO STEAM, NO COAL, NO ASHES, NO GAUGES, NO ENGINEER, NO DANGER. Oven 45,000 iri Use I sizes: 1 TO 250 HORSE-POWER. THE OTTO GAS ENGINE WORKS, ( INCORPORATED ) Cor. 33d and Walnut Sts., No. ^45 Lake Street, PHILADELPHIA. CHICAQO. ANTHONY’S Patent Line Screen Holder. No Kits. No Trouble. Holds any size of Plate and Screen. Distance between plate and screen adjustable. Send for Descrip¬ tive List. RICHARDS’ CROSS-LINE SCREENS. Unsurpassed for opacity and sharpness of lines and transparency of spaces. See illustrations in Anthony’s Photogrraphic Bulletin, price 2Sc. The International Annual and American Process Year Book. Articles by Austin, Blnner, Horg-an, Gamble, Isawa, Pickering, Talbot, Shay lor, etc. Price 7Sc., postage ISc. E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO.. S9i Broadway. New York. Anderson’s Photo-Mechanical Processes and Guide to Color Work. A complete guide to the photo-reproduction processes, three-color work, etc. Illustrated with three-color print, color chart and many half-tones. Price $S. For sale by E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO., S9i Broadway, New York, AND THE INLAND PRINTER CO., 214 Monroe St., Chicago. Clie BeniKtt Electro Cabinet WITH INDEX — a Necessity. Have you any system for keeping your Electros ? Do you know how many or what you have ? Can anyone In your office find any particular cut at once ? Is your foreman’s memory your only index ? What proof have you that the electro called for is or is not in your possession ? Cbe Rockford folder Co, MAKERS, RocKford, Tllinois. This cabinet is well and neatly made of oak. Will store 800 average sized electros or cuts. ©©©©©©©©©©©©00©© The Price is so Drawers, 14 X 18 X 1 inches. Floor Space, 42x20 inches. Shipping Weight, 2ro lbs. THE INLAND PRINTER. 483 THE LEADING Printing Ink HAST Sc EHIINQBR Makers of all kinds of Lithographic, Printing and Fine Half-tone Inks, Printing Inks for Bookbinders, Colors for Lithographers and Printers, Transparent Lithographic Inks, Tin Printing Inks, Lichtdruck Inks, Plate Printers’ Colors, Oils, Varnishes, etc., and Importers of Bronze Powders. THREE-COLOR PROCESS INKS A SPECIALTY. LITHOGRAPHERS’ SUPPLIES. CHAS. HELLMUTH, Agent. Office and Factory: 46 - 48 East Houston Street, NEW YORK. Co. MHNUPHCTURERS OF prepared 0ums, 6lues, Sizes and -pinisbes, pastes, Cements, Nucilages. 15 Gold Street, ]Vew Yorh. ■e fast and brilliant — red , green, blue and whit( PHINX LIQUID GLUE No. : be used cold, saving the gas and trouble of dissolving. No smell. MAfHTNF GUM For use on folding and mailing machines. Ready iTlALninE llUlU for use. Guaranteed to keep for three months. Cold water will reduce it. Does not harden in the keg. ARABOL PAD COMPOSITION Guaranteed to keep sweet in hot weather and to preserve a uniform thickness. Remelts readily. Does not string. PRESSMAN’S FRIEND no lumps to disturb the packing and batter the type. Does not swell the packing nor wrinkle the paper. Also used for backing pamphlets. ing at the mouth of the bottle. •e elastic than ordinary glue. Who use the “ACME” Self-Clamping Cutter? Munsey Magazine Co. (2) Cosmopolitan Magazine Co. (2) Harper’s Magazine Co. McClure’s Magazine Co. Youths’ Companion Co. (5) The H. O. Shepard Co. D. C. Cook Publishing Co. The Werner Co. Boston Mailing Co. and 1,000 others, printers, bookbinders, box makers, corset manufacturers, paper mills, etc. Why? Because they save labor and money, and give perfect satis¬ faction. Send for catalogue and references to The Child Acme Cutter and Press Co. 33=35=37 Kemble St., Roxbury, BOSTON, MASS., U. S. A. E. a FULLER & CO., Agents, 484 THE INLAND PRINTER. DJRECTLY CONNECTED TO ALL MAKES OF PRINTING PRESSES. The Bullock Electric Co. NEW YORK : St. Paul Building, BOSTON : 8 Oliver St. PHILADELPHIA : 662 Bourse Building, ATLANTA: 0. H. Wade, 708 Oould Building, DENVER: Tbos. H. Smith, 1724 Champa St. CHICAGO: 623 Western Union Building, ST. LOUIS ; St. Louis Electrical Supply Co., 911 Market St. LOUISVILLE: Wood & Speed, 235 Fifth St. SPOKANE : Eleazer Harrow, 14 and 17 Temple Court, ELECTRIC MOTORS NO BELTS, NO DIRT, NO GEARS, NO NOISE. More Efficient than Shaft¬ ing or Belting. Attached to any Press. Easy to Regulate. Not at all in the way. Cheaper than any other method of operation. 1032 Bromoiazkv, - - - OINCINNKTI, OHIO. EESE E3TABU3/1£D /S6I /ncORPORA TED ^ TELEPhOME] HARR130M Photo-Process- ®“^NGRAVING-«»’ tIIGn GRADE WORK. DDOnPTEXCCOTIOM. ROASOAABLE PRICES. SPECIAL DE610ri& ^ DRAWIMGP /AADETO ORPER^ e^GD-SOODEARDODM CMIGAGO se* ^ Cependecker ^Posters. We still have on hand a few Posters designed by J. C. Leyendecker to advertise our issues of November and December, 1896, January, February, March, April, May, June and July, 1897. They are in colors, and make valuable additions to the exhibit of any poster collector. These will be sold at IS cents each for the present. The Inland Printer Company, PUBLISHERS, 212-214 Monroe St. . CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 485 Catbam macbinery MANUFACTURERS OF EVERYTHING FIRST-CLASS IN PRINTERS’ AND BOOKBINDERS’ MACHINERY. MANUFACTURERS OF MONITOR WIRE STITCHER. Latham Perforator. (5 Sizes.) _ Every Machine on this List has been Thoroughly Overhauled and Is Guaranteed in Perfect Working Order: Lr: Send for circular of Monitor Wire Stitcher. You will regret it if you buy i before you look up the Monitor. No. ©, 189T. Hddrcss, Latham jM^^chmery Co. CORRESPONDENCE INVITED. 197-201 SoutH Caiial Stfcct, CHtcago. 486 THE INLAND PRINTER. HICKOK BIKES Write for Our p^VJe to You ! Cbe mnnsoii Cypewriter 15 “THE BEST” HRCHINE. The Highest Grade Standard of Excellence. Controlled by no Trust or Combine. Contains many desirable features heretofore overlooked by other manufacturers. Address for particulars : The Munson Typewriter Co. MANUFACTURERS, 240=244 W. Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. N. B.—Oood Agents wanted. The “Munson” Typewriter is used in the Inland Printer oflSce. THE INLAND PRINTER. 487 THE J. W. O^BANNON CO. 74 DUANE ST., NEW YORK. Bookbinders' Supplies. Selling Agents for HOLUSTON LINEN FINISH BOOK CLOTHS, BUCKRAMS, BTC. Importers of German Book doth. Correspondence solicited. Skytogene, etc. Printers’ CHEAPEST Rollers.. “ GODFREY & CO. 909 Sansom Street, Philadelphia, Pa. TARCOLINn. BENZINE i ( Trade-Mark) CLEANS .“Sas. PRESERVES K- PCniinCQ Lower Rate of Fire Insurance. OLuUnLO Rebates on existing Policies. Approved by Fire Insurance Companies. The Patent, Famous MOIST BRISTLE BRUSH, to apply with, saving time, labor and money. 1 circulars, f Delete Chemical Co. 126 William St., New York. ^^Horo PROCESS EMORAVI we AIM AT THE BEST PRINTIHfr qv/ALiTV- TH5 WlLWON-llAFfNER EntraVin^Co. - DENVER. - 1 i II II I 11 Zm(>cEFCH1l I Y tyy DE5i(i|j^Ei6. Copper for^Haif-tone, GronM anji PolisM 'hoUo^,*waveso7flawof'»ny^kTnd'*Vec»nf^^^ Zinc, Ground and Polished for Line Etching H»rd and Pore or Soft Zinc of superior quality. Sheets AMERICAN STEEL AND COPPER PLATE COMPANY, ISO Nassau Street, New York. ~5LD5j|g^2£NGINE The Engine that Built a 10,000 Square Feet Addition last year! Because they are an economy of fuel and space— cent per horse¬ power used per hour. Twelve years of successful business with the printer assures you of a marvel of perfection in the ‘ ‘Olds’ ’ ’ Upright and Horizontal. P. F. OLDS & SON ENGINE WORKS, Box 600. Lansing, Mich. LOVEJOY CO.’S DRY PAPER MATRIX (patented.) Will keep in any climate. Ready for use when wanted. Just the thing for offices where there is but a limited amount of stereotyping. No sweat box necessary. Easy to use. Molds can be made on machine or by hand. I.ess time required for drying, less heating of type and less wear on blankets than when using the ordinary matrix. In sheets 19x24 inches. Can be sent by mail or express to any part of the world. Send 12 cents in stamps for half-sheet sample by mall. Price, $LSO per dozen, THE LOVEJOY CO. 444-6 Pearl Street, - NEW YORK, U. S. A. \ Printers’ Rollers and I* » Composition • i£ t8 North Second Street I ST. LOUIS, MO. ^ for... i (• Glazed Papers ^ Plated Papers I Leather Papers ^ GO TO ff Slade, Hipp & Meloy, H. Griffin & Sons, ESTABLISHED 1833, BOOKBINDERS’ AND POCKETBOOK MAKERS’ SUPPLIES. MOROCOLINE 75 AND 77 DUANE STREET, New York City. Cray’s Ferry Printing Ink Works. C. C. ROBINSON & BRO: 198 CLARK Street, - CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER CO., Publishers, 86-88 Pulton Street, NEW YORK. 710 Sansom Street, PHILADELPHIA. 124 Hopkins Place, BALTIMORE, MD. FRANK 6. STEWART, HERMAN SCHUESSIER, Pres’t. Gen'I Manager. trbe IPbotosCbromotYpe Enoravtng Co. 719 vine Street, ■ • ■ PHILADELPHIA. We solicit your correspondence if you appreciate GOOD QDALITT — tow PRICE — PROMPTNESS Our Catalogue now ready. 488 THE INLAND PRINTER. Iz® Inland Printer Business Biregtory. THE FIRMS ENUMERATED IN THIS DIRECTORY ARE RELIABLE AND ARE COMMENDED TO THE NOTICE OF ALL CONSUMERS OF PRINTERS’ WARES AND MATERIALS. s Id this Directory are c 1 817.00 per year for two lines, and for more than two lines $ ADVERTISEMENT WRITERS. ELECTROTYPERS AND MANUFACTURERS INK MANUFACTURERS. '■-^‘^’■ROTVPBRI-^AN^DrooCBSS ^"'Ld ^*’^N’;rYort;SWbo^^ »r"&hone Sson^l""" “"m-ISS™ BRASS TYPE POUNDERS. 'iSissasi-'^ ■s'jr^eerch^c^.o"^"^’^ ^ branches under Type founders. CYLINDER A^D^JOB^PRES^S^ES, CUTTING •’“TfncPn^"aToilo^ Longworth street, S“rWdT ’ ™ " " of Type Founders. THE INLAND PRINTER. 489 THE INLAND PRINTER BUSINESS D I RE CTO R Y — Contin ued. "~sE^r» '”iiaH3rs=s ‘lS"?S??“Stls?s3"“ “'“S^S'k?iif£;.*;ii'^s;'?s^’“- “■"‘S.l'M'St "eSSE S '^®'New Yo‘’rk!'''EsuSg ^st dtd^uct^dsf '•’ WOOD TYPE. « mi$$ouri ^ Brd$$ type foundry Company, E. MENUEL & SONS, KU.'J E. MENUEL & SONS, HONORABLE MENTION PRIZE MEDAL, LONDON, 1862. LONDON, 1870. PRIZE MEDAL, M HONORABLE MENTION, SYDENHAM, 186S. . ® PARIS, 1878. E. MENUEL & SONS, LONDON, EnsLAND. 1611 South Jefferson Ave., ST. LOUIS, MO. Manufacturers of Brass Type of Every Description BOOKBINDERS, EMBOSSERS, HAT NOT IN THE XVFE TRUST. TIP PRINTERS and WOOD PRINTERS. THE INLAND PRINTER. 490 THE INLAND PRINTER. 491 Send 10 < 492 THE INLAND PRINTER. Cinen Ledger and Record Paper Has no superior^ Why not use it ? » Our Selling JIgents in 0bicago nre Bradmier Snminttllii ©®o mills at Dalton, mass. S€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€^ **# INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. gn 3ftO0^stion. you return from your summer '& outing you will find many things awaiting your attention — Time will be Money. A good way to save both will be to use Butler’s Net Price List — printed in the handiest form possible for the selection of stock. We mailed you one; if you don’t find it send for another. Supposing you wanted five reams of double cap ruled special to bill-heads, what would it cost? The Price List will tell you — look it over. Keep your eye on this list. This is our “August Suggestion.” J.W. Butler Paper Company, 212-215 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO. Contest Number One . . Closed July 31, and we hope to be able to present the names and portraits of the winning pressman and feeder in the September number, and also the names of those honorably men¬ tioned by the Committee. We take pleasure in announcing that, in addition to the cash prizes, the winning pressman and feeder will receive a handsomely engrossed and engraved certificate signed by the Committee. Certificates of Honorable Mention will also be presented by the Committee to those competitors who, while failing to obtain the prize, yet presented specimens of unusual merit. Writing of the Tournament of the “Century,” the editor of The Inland Printer, in the July number, very truly remarks: “ Reputations mean money in tEese times, so it must be remembered tbat the prizes offered by tbe Campbell Company, generous though they are, represent much more than the mere cash value to the recipients. The prize-winners will go far to establish a reputation for superior excel¬ lence in their craft, and it is safe to say that the Campbell Company will not let the victors modestly hide their light under a bushel.” It is to the interest of every man operating “Century” Presses to enter the tournament. Contest Number Two is now going on. Send us your names. THE INLAND PRINTER. 495 ..The Heart of the “Century” This is an illustration of what has been pronounced to be the cleverest accomplishment in modern press engineering-. It consists of a single-piece casting of immense strength, weighing upward of a ton, which, being bolted within the base-plate at the bottom to the side frames at its ends and beneath the bed supporting rib at its top, constitutes a Gibral¬ tar of strength which holds the parts of the machine in absolute alignment under the severest strains that high speeds, heavy forms and weak floors may bring to bear upon them. This unique piece forms a massive base of operation for the bed-driving motion that is entirely with¬ out precedent, and it is the unyielding support which this member gives the bed beneath the point of pressure that constitutes the “ Century” the best printing press yet devised. The Rotary Centerless Movement is also shown ; the large gear drives the bed at a uniform velocity throughout the full printing stroke and back, while the small gear, which is secured in an eccentric posi¬ tion to the large gear, acts to reverse the bed at each end of the stroke with a crank motion. The bed (in this illustration omitted) is provided with two straight racks of 3)4-inch face, one above and the other below the large gear, and with two semi-circular racks, one of which at each end ties the straight racks together ; these curved racks (which have their teeth pointing inward) are set to one side of the straight racks and are used by the small gear at each end of the stroke to reverse the bed. Thus, at all times, the bed and its driving mechanism are in harmonious gear — gates, latches, springs, shoes, slots and cams being unnecessary. In order that the power which is possessed by the heart of the “ Century ” and its marvelously swift driving motion may be grasped, we cite the following figures : The heart will withstand a pressure of 320,000 pounds applied along the line of impression. The shaft of the Bed Driving Gear cannot fracture short of 450,000 pounds. The Reversing Pinion will withstand a pull of 105,000 pounds. With the “Century” we accomplish and maintain speeds heretofore unheard of, without jar and vibration. We secure a degree of impressional power superior to that of any other press in existence, which permits it to produce work of any desired quality at a rate of production far beyond the capabilities of other machines. Upon it half-tones and other delicate printing surfaces will produce many more impressions than have ever been secured from them ; indeed, in many instances upon the “ Century ” their life has proven to be four times greater than was supposed. The importance of these facts, which concern but a few of the points of the “ Century,” upon earning capacity need not be mentioned. The printer who desires not merely to live but to make money while he lives will draw his own conclusions and act accordingly. THE CAMPBELL COMPANY, 334 Dearborn Street, Chicago. 5 Madison Avenue, New York. 96 Leadenhall St., London, E. C. 496 THE INLAND PRINTER. 16 “Centurys” shipped in May ! *‘ The Alliance Press,” So. Nyack, N. Y. NIcoIl & Roy, New York. The “Century” is a new type of press of but recent invention, and is a vast improvement in all respects over other existing machines. It can be run at a profit where others fail to meet the cost of operation. J. L. Murphy, Trenton, N. J. J. J. Little & Co., New York. W. S. Ray, State Printer, Harrisburg, Pa. ” The Alliance Press," So. Nyack, N. Y. American Litho. Co., New York. W. J. Roth, New York. Staten Island Pub. Co., Port Richmond, N. Y. THE INLAND PRINTER. 497 18 “Centurys” shipped in June! Thomas & Mailll, Cleveland, Ohio. Murdoch, Kerr& Co., Pittsburg, Pa. ’‘The Colliery Engineer,” Scranton, Pa. The Indianapolis Ptg. Co. , Indianapolis, Ind. Young & Selden, Baltimore, Md. Thomas & Matlll, Cleveland, Ohio. C. J. Krehbiel & Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Lounsbery, Nichols & Worth, Boston, Mass. Nicoll & Roy, New York. If your presses are not “Centurys,” throw them out. The increased earn= ing capacity of your plant will warrant the sacrifice. Klnnard Mfg. Co., Dayton, Ohio. G. P. Swank, Johnstown, Pa. The Eden Publishing Co., St. Louis, Mo. Regensberg & Seckbach, Chicago, ill. E. Hine & Bros, , Peoria, Ill. ‘‘The Courier-Journal ” Job Printing Co., Louisville, Ky. ‘‘Ottawa Times ” Printing and Publishing Co, Ottawa, Canada, 498 THE INLAND PRINTER. The “MULTIPRESS” (Many Presses in One.) 4=paged papers \ r Printed, \ r 5,000 to 6=paged papers I can be < Folded and - at < 6,000 8=paged papers ' * Delivered ' * per hour. Also Bobtail Sheets consisting of 3, 5 or 7 pages. The “Multipress,” printing on a web from ordinary flat forms of type, is a unique press among machines of this character, in its speed, strength, simplicity and convenience. The “Multipress” is built for business, to produce a newspaper more perfectly and profitably than has heretofore been possible, and with the least possible trouble and exertion to the pressman or to the proprietor. It infringes no patents, it does not grind type continually or break the web by the strain and jerk of its looping mechanism. Its register is more accurate, its distribution more perfect than that of any similar machine. THE CAMPBELL COMPANY, 334 Dearborn Street, Chicago. 5 Madison Avenue, New York. 96 Leadenhall St., London, E. C. BEWARE! AH Traveling Cylinder Flat Bed Web Perfecting Presses, whether the beds are movable or immovable, Infringe our patents. Purchasers of such a machine will be held liable. Keep out of trouble. THE INLAND PRINTER B150H*E IfeWDBBS- IMakk 500 THE INLAND PRINTER. is the Finest Piece of Machinery I ever saw/^ ^HIS has been the exclamation of mote than one presstoom foreman, when the HARRIS AUTO- 1 MATIC has been onctated before his astonished g’aze. The performance of the press has in¬ variably been still more of a surprise and delight than its appearance. it were not a breach of confidence, we could tell some wonderful stories of the profits our presses are making for our customers. It is a truth that to print considerable runs of envelopes, cards, tags, blotters and box blanks in any other way than with the HARRIS AUTOMATIC CARD AND ENVELOPE PRESS is out of date. Successful figuring for such work against users of the Harris Automatic is im¬ possible. Up-to-date printers will draw their own conclusions from these facts. FOR FULL PARTICULARS, ADDRESS tU I>arn$ jmtomatic Pre$$ €o. NILES, OHIO. FOLDER A most satisfactory machine for the uses intendeds Built — as all ^^Dexter^^ machines are — of the best materials. WRITE FOR CIRCULAR AND PARTICULARS. BRANCHES I CHICAGO s 315 DEARBORN STREET. BOSTON} 149 CONGRESS STREET. FACTORY} PEARL RIVER, N. Y. DEXTER FOLDER CO. 97 READE STREET, NEW YORK. Printed With No. 1. Enameled Paper Black, (No. 502=55. COPYRIGHTED. CINCINNATI. NEW YORK. CHICAQO. 5T. L0CJ15. Our Goods Curriod in Stock and for Sale DV: Eugene Lyon, 123 JV. Fourth St., Phila., Pa. P. S. Pease & Co., Detroit, Mich. Cleveland Paper Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Chas. A. Smith Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Courier Co., Buffalo, N. y. Ailing & Cory, Rochester, N. Y. Central Ohio Paper Co., Columbus, Ohio. Heybach=Bush Co., Louisville, Ky. Morgan & Hamilton Co., Nashville, Tcnn. F. W. Gardiner Co., Salt Lake, Utah. Bryan Printing Co., Columbia, S. C. State Journal Co., Lhicoln, Neb. Ailing Paper Co., San Antonio, Tex. Great Western Type Foundry, Omaha, Neb. Geo. B. Stadden, Minneapolis, Minn. B. M. Wood, Dayton, Ohio. DISTRBUTING AGENTS FOR CANADA; Toronto Type Foundry, Toronto. Llontreal. Winnipeg. THE INLAND PRINTER. 501 KEEP COOL IN WHATEVER \ LATITUDE \REMEMBER 5INNER JN THE FISHER BlIIlDINfi CHICAGO BINNER PIATE5; MEAN : PERFECTI PLATESi THEY.HAVE ATTAINED TO THE HUNDREDTH MARK OE EXCELLENCE AS ATTESTED BY THE PUBLIC THERMOMETER If you want a copy of “ Binner’s Poster ” or “ Eighteen-Story Creations,” send five 2-cent stamps for “ Modernized Advertising,” or for ten 2-cent stamps all three will be sent to any address in the United States. Address, with stamps, '%cV^ BINNER, IN THE FISHER BUILDING, CHICAGO. 502 THE INLAND PRINTER. Cl)c Upto-dau Primer is a live, energetic man, who keeps abreast of the times, has artistic ideas of his own, gets out of the old-fogy ruts and installs in his office the best typesetting machine which money can buy. CHEAP MA¬ CHINERY NEVER PAYS FOR ITSELF. THE LINOTYPE WILL. No ^'going" office has ever discarded it. Why ? Because it does the work of four compositors, reduces the cost of composition from 30 to 60 per cent, and has a guaranteed capacity of 5,500-7,500 ems of solid, justified matter per hour. Adjustable Molds. No “Pi.” Four^mold Discs. Accents in stock. Any Language. Library Work. Tabular Matter. The Linotype has no Rival. The Linotype has no Rival. Small Printing Offices Osc Cbc Linotype for the reason it is adapted to their needs. They have to save money, and there is no better way than by the installation of the Linotype. For further information, specimens of work, etc., call on or address Mergenthaler Linotype Co. P.T. DODGE, PRE! Tribune Building, NEW YORK CITY. THE INLAND PRINTER. 503 ANTHONY’S Patent Line Screen Holder. No Kits. No Trouble. Holds any size of Plate and Screen. Distance between plate and screen adjustable. Send for Descrip- tive List. RICHARDS’ CROSS-LINE SCREENS. Unsurpassed for opacity and sharpness of lines and transparency of spaces. See illustrations in Anthony’s Photographic Bulletin, price 25c. The International Annual and American Process Year Book. Articles by Austin, Binner, Horgan, Gamble, Isawa, Pickering, Talbot, Shaylor, etc. Price 7Sc., postage ISc. E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO., 591 Broadway, New York. Anderson’s Photo-Mechanical Processes and Guide to Color Work. A complete guide to the photo-reproduction processes, three-color work, etc. Illustrated with three-color print, color chart and many half-tones. Price $5. For sale by E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO., spi Broadway, New York, AND THE INLAND PRINTER CO., 214 Monroe St., Chicago. ^ Can be % Used % Everywhere 1 The otto 6a$ Engine OF TODAY, IS THE RESULT OF OVER TWENTY-FIVE YEARS’ EXPERIENCE IN THIS FIELD. NO BOELER, NO STEAM, NO COAL, NO ASHES, NO GAUGES, NO ENGINEER, NO DANGER. Oven 45,000 in Use ! sizes: 1 TO 260 Horse-power. THE OTTO QAS ENGINE WORKS, (INCORPORATED) Cor. 33d and Walnut Sts., No. 345 Lake Street, PHILADELPHIA, gHICAQQ. Advance CUTTER ... is not an imitation of some other cutter, but an advance over other cutters. Notice the following Points of Superiority: Olbs and Set Screws to take up wear. All shafts, screws and studs are steel. No lead or soft metal bearings. Interlocking gauge and clamp. Figured scale sunk in table. Knife dtps, makes easy shear cut. New style lever gives increased power. Alt parts Interchangeable. We refer to 2,800 purchasers. Every machine fully guaranteed. Write for gem booklets — “ A Cut in Paper,” “ Printing Money.” - OOOOOO - Speed and Quality of work produced are all-important features in a print¬ ing press, and printers know that they must have these in order to MAKE MONEY. You cannot earn profits with slow or antiquated presses. We have tested an 8 x 12 Cliallenoe-Oordon with a full form in place, and developed a speed of 3,200 an hour, using a piece of twine for a belt. This shows it runs light and fast. Light running saves power. Fast running saves time. Both are money to the printer. Will you let It save money for you ? Many large establishments are running our new 8 x 12 Challenge-Gordon by steam at 3,000 an hour, and even faster. Smaller concerns who have no power can accomplish the same results by using our Challenge Speed Treadle. It is adapted only to Challenge-Gordon presses, and is easily attached. Must be seen to be appreciated. Before ordering a new press, see the Challenge-Gordon with Speed Treadle attachment ; you will be surprised at the speed and ease of operation. FOR SALE BY DEALERS ONLY. The Challenge Machinery Co. SOLE MfINUPflCTURERS, Write for gem booklet, “Printing Money,” P HTP A P fl sent free. l>niLAljU. 504 THE INLAND PRINTER I ' '.W' THE INLAND PRINTER. 505 0anr The highest grade of work obtainable from Wash Drawing or Photograpl^. Chtalogoe Cots... COMBINE ARTISTIC riNISH WITH ABSOLUTE PEREECTIQN OE MECHANICAL DETAIL HALF-TONE FROM WASH DRAWING. Franklin Engraving & Electrotyping Go. 341..351 DEARBORN ST. CHICAGO FRANKLIN BUILDING. 506 THE INLAND PRINTER. PRINTING and CinB088ING /It ONE Impression STEEL DIE PRINTING is the highest style of the art. There is money in this line as well as merit. Our Stamping Press is a perfect piece of mechanism, producing high-grade work at a large profit. Write for our new catalogue. CARVER & SWIFT STAMPING PRESS CO. 25 N. 7th St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. Selling Agents : VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON, 17-23 Rose Street, New York. LEADING SPECIALS. 2-Qaire Box of Embossed Paper ^ Congress avenue. CELLULOID PRINTING PLATES BY THE INVENTOR. To the Editor : Brooklyn, June 11, 1897. In your June issue of The Inland Printer I read part of'my letter that I wrote you, and as I still claim justice has not been done to me for my invention, I therefore hasten to reply to Mr. Partridge’s answer, and hope you will publish the full contents of this letter as I wrote it, and not brief it by half and leave the most important part out in regard to my proof and claim as the inventor. Bear in mind, sir, I do not seek free advertisement in your journal, but ask that the credit be given to him to whom it belongs. I have men¬ tioned in my previous letter of several French and English experts who have experimented with celluloid, but have failed to make a successful printing plate of the same. In the full contents of my last letter my assertion is sustained. Mr. Partridge claims that celluloid printing plates were made in France in 1879, or possibly earlier, but as he could not or did not receive any reliable information, he could not see how I could be credited with the right and honor as the inventor, but that I was entitled to honorable mention with regard to other points of difference. The information that Mr. Partridge seeks I can give him. In 1878 there were two French so-called experts experimenting with zylenite to make printing plates, but failed in their attempt. Finally, from copper and other metal reverses they produced good results, but reverses were made long before Mr. Par¬ tridge’s or my own time; therefore I claim they discovered nothing new. When these experts heard of celluloid being rnade in this country they drifted here, knowing there was everything to gain if they succeeded and nothing to lose if they failed; hence one of these experts dabbled in celluloid, not zylenite, in 1880, in New York. I may mention there is little or no difference between the two compositions. So after failing, as usual, to prove anything new or make his experimenting a success he left for France, where he was going to experiment in his laboratory and shortly return with a successful resisting mold, but I have as yet failed to hear of his return ; hence when I made the first successful celluloid plate from my mold I became the inventor and father of celluloid printing plates, and back my claim by claiming celluloid plates were first made a success of by me through my new, theretofore unknown, resisting hydraulic papier-mach^ molds, as reverses of metal were made away back before my time and are not new. But my process was new, and my transfer papers of patents of 1884 under Com¬ missioner Montgomery then substantiates my claim. Mr. Partridge claims that I must have had a peculiar experience as to the relative value of paper and copper molds. My experience in regard to copper has been more rigid than perhaps he is aware of, and as Mr. Par¬ tridge says my statement does not harmonize with the conclusions of the authorities, I would like to know who his authorities are. Perhaps they have had more, or likely less, experience with hydraulic pres¬ sure than I. Those who work by theory are not to be relied upon, and as I still claim that the expansion has been from 13 m. to 13>^ m. where it was subjected to 60 pounds steam and from 200 to 500 pounds hy¬ draulic pressure to a square inch, there is more expansion to some copper than with others. You will find that if Mr. Partridge has seen one hundred or more casts taken from a copper reverse without perceptibly affecting the mold, that the copper must have been tempered or treated by some chemical process to harden the same, or the pressure on the same was very light, as no doubt you are aware that all metals in this world contract or expand when subjected to heat or cold, for if we could overcome these two points miracles could be accomplished. I do not wish to take up too much space in your valuable journal, but hope you will publish the full contents of this letter, and not brief it as before ; and if there are still any doubts in Mr. Partridge’s mind as to my claim, kindly send your eastern agent to see me and he will be convinced that I am entitled to all I claim as the inventor and father of celluloid printing plates. Louis C. Timroth. PRINTERS’ ESTIMATES. To the Editor : Streator, III., June 29, 1897. Regular perusal of The Inland Printer, which we printers so much admire, gives us much valuable informa¬ tion out here in the country. Particularly is this true of “Jobroom Queries,” etc. Some of the “estimates” given for various jobs are “ cheerful ” reading — but we have one which is worthy a marble slab, namely : A 64-page catalogue, 3,000 copies, in two colors ; stock — 24 by 36, 60 pounds, enameled book; cover — in three colors, the four pages to be set and printed, stock for which costs $9 per ream, and requiring reams. Stock would cost ik Cover “ 64 pages compositic the display lii issthan . $36.00 “ . 13.50 n 8-point, with several small cuts; then ind border to arrange for two colors. $233.75 That’s the way we figure it, and we do not believe we are very much out of the way. But a would-be competitor who has not expended $10 for new material in that many years bid, for the job complete, $135. We wish to ask The Inland THE INLAND PRINTER. 543 Printer to tell us wherein we have erred in our estimate, if too high, and to present the two sides to the case fairly. The job has not been given out as yet, the party having a suspicion that there may be a chance to “do” him on the cheap job, and a fear that we are trying to “ do ” him at our figure. Bickerton Printing Company, Per A. S. Bickerton. The following estimate from a Chicago printer will answer the inquiry of our correspondent. — Editor Inland Printer. Lock-up . Paper . Cover paper . Presswork, four 16s Pressvvork, cover . . . . Binding- . $100.00 25.00 54.00 13.50 30.00 20.00 18.00 $260.50 ANCHORING PLATES TO WOOD MOUNTS — A REPLY TO MR. SHUGG. To the Editor : Maywood, III., July 5, 1897. In the June issue of The Inland Printer, page 301, I notice that Mr. E. B. Shugg, of Melbourne, Australia, claims priority in the invention of anchoring half-tone plates by means of anchor screws, referring to the notice of my invention in the February number. Even if Mr. Shugg has carried this idea for two years, it would not bring him ahead of me, for I had been trying for a number of years prior to that time to find something to do away with the old metal anchor. Then it was that I came to the conclusion that the only practicable way was to secure the copper plate to the block by means of screws which were held in place by nuts ; and besides this, I prepared the head of the screw with a special copper solder, which was more binding and easier to melt than the common solder generally in use. This anchoring system. I introduced to some of the promi¬ nent engraving firms in Chicago, and after they had given it a thorough and severe test and assured me I had a good thing, I sent in an application for a patent. This was on January 10, 1896. On August 15, 1896, the patent was granted. I hope this will convince Mr. Shugg that he is mistaken about being the first in the field, as the firms I mention were using the idea before the time he spoke to his employer, and I applied for the patent before Mr. Calvert decided to try the scheme. Aug. Abelmann. Written for The Inland Printer. REVIEW OF TYPE DESIGNS. BY R. COUPLAND HARDING. The Bauer Foundry, Frankfurt-on-the-Main, send me specimen sheets of their Fat Cursive Grotesque for one and two colors. It is shown in five sizes, 16 to 48 point. The face is new, and is one to be highly com¬ mended. With all the prominence and legibility of the best sanserifs (American “gothics”) it has just so much of free¬ hand ornament as gives it distinction and freedom from formality. For two-color work a contour series is supplied, producing an excellent effect of lightness when used alone, and affording fine decorative results in register color work. What its possibilities in this respect are may be judged from the specimen sheet, in seven printings — it is needless to say in well-judged harmonies of color. This letter should have a large sale. I have a neat specimen book of the Cushing types, and started to note them, but I got so far beyond the usual limit that I made them (with others) the subject of a separate review. Mr. Cushing’s types are all good ; but for reasons set forth elsewhere I prefer the Monotone No. 1. Invitation Script, by the Inland Type Foundry, is a good letter in the copperplate §tyle for visiting cards and invitation circulars, as well as for the plainer commercial work favored by business men. The founders have carried out a suggestion I read in The Inland Printer some months ago, and casting a c and apostrophe in one avoid the unsightly break usually seen in “o’clock.” An s simi¬ larly provided is also supplied and will be welcomed. The space with double flourish is as useful as it is rare. It is a feature of Bruce’s old Penman, and the new face has also a hyphen with double flourish. In three sizes, 12, 18 and 24 point. The Laurel Borders, of the American Type Founders’ Company, are neatly set forth in an eight-page folder. They are in three sizes — 18-point, containing five characters, and 12 and 6 point, six characters each. The design is a con¬ ventional laurel leaf in silhouette, forming a running border provided with round and square corners and a terminal. By means of the round corners circles or chaplets can be formed. Series No. 2 is the same design in outline. ' Jf the little points between the leaves had been small open circles I think it would have been better, as the two would have worked well in register. That they were not designed to be so used I infer from the specimen, which, though printed in two colors, black and green, only shows the borders singly. They are cheap, neat, and in excellent taste. Garland Ornaments, by Barnhart Brothers & Spindler, are curiously like the Laurel ; and the four-page folder on which they are shown in size and style corresponds closely with the American Type Founders’ specimen, and like it, is printed in black and green. In the Garland the laurel leaves are not rigid as in the Laurel, but slightly waved, and the number of characters is increased to seventeen. By means of the extra sorts it is possible to add a knotted ribbon to the wreath, also a conventional staff and torch. The border is somewhat more adaptable than the Laurel, is in the same three sizes, and has no outline series to correspond. I understand that the Laurel was first in the field, and that the Garland is an imitation, and would almost have drawn the same inference from the specimens. Buyers, however, I imagine, will generally choose that which suits them the best. Two or three years ago the Inland Foundry produced its pretty Wreath combination, which I take to be the parent of both these later designs. The Wreath, as far as I am aware, was not imitated from any preceding com¬ bination. It is generally open for an imitator to improve in matters of detail, and to combine, the wreath or chaplet with a regular running border was a real improvement. But the chief features of the latest of the three are forestalled in the Wreath, which possesses the knotted ribbon ; and the staff and torch are found in the Inland Ornaments which came out at the same time as the Wreath. And I may note that the Inland Border 1281 is very like the Laurel, except that the leaves are grouped in twos instead of threes. I scarcely know what to say of Vogue, by Farmer & Son. It is a good letter, in ten sizes, 6 to 60 point. A good letter, yet I think it is a little belated. It is the latest cousin of the De Vinne family. But for the De Vinne we should not have had Vogue. I look for some improvement on the prototype and do not find it. The G and R are the two ill-formed letters in the De Vinne. Vogue has closely fol¬ lowed the G, and its R is an “ R bizarre,” more ungainly than the original. The chief variation from the model is found in the minim h, m, n and u. These letters are curved inward, after the manner of the Karnac, but I cannot see that this is an improvement.' Diploma, by the California Type Foundry, is a tint¬ faced shaded ornamental style in four sizes, 18 to 48 point. It will require careful printing, is very limited in its sphere of usefulness, and is almost too suggestive of copperplate ornament for a typographic design. In mechanical execu¬ tion the engraving is of the best class. Piioto by E. R. Myers. FOUNTAIN in FRONT OF CONORtb'iFjNAL l.’FRAft F 'JiLr. l i '0, vv ^ .'.i-jir j''. f' i". - THE INLAND PRINTER. 545 COPYRIGHT AS APPLIED TO THE CONGRESSIONAL LIBRARY. T is no exaggeration to say that the new Congressional Library is the largest, costliest, and most beautiful building of its kind in the world ; it can be added, moreover, without fear of contradiction, that it is the most thoroughly adapted for its purpose of any now in exist¬ ence, and that it is absolutely safe from fire. In all of the vast structure there is not enough inflammable matter for a fire to spread. Wood floors are used in many of the rooms, but they are merely a covering of boards laid upon terra cotta or brick vaults, while iron, steel, terra cotta, brick, marble and granite — its component parts — make it fireproof. It is an immense building, and one who has never seen it realizes its immensity and grandeur more readily when he magnificence it is the interior which awakens the rhapsodies of the soul. The grand entrance hall is lined throughout with radiant white Italian marble, and from its sides rise lofty Corinthian columns from which reach heavy but grace¬ ful arches of the same material. This hallway with its vaulted ceilings rises seventy-two feet to the skylight ; in its center is the double staircase with its white marble balustrades, and upon newel posts, which terminate the railings of each, are placed heroic bronze figures upholding a torch for electric lights. Taken in connection with the corridors leading off from it, it can fittingly be called “A vision in polished stone.” But it is the color designs, the frescoing and paintings, the splendid series of mural and sculptural decorations which have brought, and will bring, the building its greatest fame. They represent months and years of study and work CONGRESSIONAL LIBRARY BUILDING, WASHINGTON, D. remembers that it has been ten years in building, and that it has cost $6,360,000 ; that it covers, exclusive of its wide, sweeping approaches, nearly four acres of ground ; that there are in it 409,000 cubic feet of granite, 22,500,000 bricks, and nearly four thousand tons of steel and iron ; that its total floor space is nearly eight acres ; that the length of shelving in it placed end to end would reach from Washing¬ ton to Baltimore — a distance of forty-three miles — and that in the entire building there are 2,165 windows. It is inspiring to gaze on its exterior ; its gilded dome, on which there is $3,800 worth of gold leaf, glitters in the sunlight like the stories of fairy tales, its polished granite walls gleam like marble, and as one views it from the river, or from the heights at Arlington, in its new splendor it out¬ shines its neighbor, the Capitol. But with all of its exterior on the part of many of America’s greatest artists, and will stand as their monuments long, long after the skillful fin¬ gers that produced them have gone back to dust. And it is these works of art which have been causing a tempest of words lately. All over the building wherever a painting is to be found runs the word “copyrighted.” It is only a little legend, written generally in just a little corner of the picture and seemingly not intended to attract much notice, but as inno¬ cent as it looks it has raised a storm of queries, and has brought Librarian Spofford almost as many letters as he has had in regard to positions in the new library. How is the word cop3'right to be interpreted when it is on a piece of property which belongs to the Government ? That has been the burning question, and the newspaper reporters have been 546 THE INLAND PRINTER. to Mr. Spofford to know if the copyrig'ht would hold good — if the artists had a right to copyright the paintings after they had sold them to the Government ? To all of these questions the little old man, with his keen sharp eyes and rasping nervous voice, who for the past thirty years has had absolute control of that mighty heterogeneous mass of literature at the Capitol, and who probably knows more about books than any man in America, gives a shake of the head and says: “I cannot define the law of copy-, right ; there are large law books devoted to these subjects ; look up Dovne’s ‘Law of Copyright,’ that covers it”; and then he fishes out from an archive of pigeonholes in front of his desk a printed circular, which states ‘‘that no question concerning the validity of a copyright can be determined under our laws by any other authority than a United States court,” and which goes on to tell what a copyright is, and refers its readers to the Act of Congress, July 8, 1870, ‘‘ to revise, consolidate, and amend the statutes relating to copy¬ right and patents.” From Mr. Spofford the reporter turns to Mr. Newhouse. Mr. Newhouse is the chief clerk of the copyright depart¬ ment of the library, and if there is anything about copy¬ rights from A to Z which he don’t know it would be hard to find. He is as rubicund and round as Librarian Spofford is thin and angular, and he has a delightfully pleasant manner of giving information. He has been employed in the library for the past twenty years, and before he went into the copyright department he had charge of the foreign publications of the Smithsonian collection, a position which brought into play his knowledge of the languages of Russia, Persia, East India, and a dozen of the other unknown tongues — unknown at least to the most of humanity on this side of the Atlantic. ‘‘Well,” he said in response to the same question, ‘‘you know it is not our place to define copyright law. We are here to give a copyright to everyone who asks it, and who can pay the fee, which is 50 cents for recording the title or description of any copyright book or other article, and $1 for copy of an assignment. We simply copyright here, and then, afterwards, if some one wants to contest a copy¬ right, that is a case for the courts, and does not concern us at this office. It is a very fine line that divides the objects which can be copyrighted, or which must be pat¬ ented, for protection. Copyrights cannot be granted upon trade-marks, nor upon names of companies, nor upon an idea or device for advertising, nor upon prints or labels intended to be used for any article of manufacture. Pro¬ tection for those things can be had at the Patent Office, where the fee is $6 for labels, and $25 for trade-marks. ‘‘ The copyright for fine arts includes only painting and sculpture which are intended exclusively for ornamental purposes. But as to why the artists of the new library copyrighted their pictures, and as to whether their copy¬ right would hold good in court, I cannot say. You might look up the Heine vs. Appleton case, which was quite famous at the time it was tried, and which may have some bearing on this subject.” A record of this was found after an hour’s search among the time-musty books in the law library under the Supreme Court room. It was the case of the artist Heine, who went with Perry to Japan in 1849, with the distinct understanding that all of the sketches or drawings he made while there were to be the exclusive property of the Government. While in Japan he made a large num¬ ber of drawings, which after their return were incorporated in the naval report of the expedition. Some months later, Appleton got Out a much shorter and more story-like report, and to illustrate it used the Heine drawings. The artist objected to this and copyrighted them, and then sued the Appleton Company ; but the court held that the drawings belonged to the Government, that his copyright was not valid, and that he could not restrain Mr. Appleton or any one else from using them. This seems to be a strong point against the artists who copyrighted their pictures in the Congressional Library, providing that they had any thought of preventing their work from being copied, but Superintendent Green does not believe that they used the copyright for that purpose. ‘‘ It is hard to tell,” he said with a laugh, ‘‘ what the artists’ intentions were when they copyrighted. When the con¬ tracts were made for the decorations not a word was said one way or the other about copyright, and indeed it was not thought of until long afterwards. As the work was nearing completion the building began to be thronged with visitors, who of course took the greatest interest in watch¬ ing its progress, and it was at this time that some of the artists heard it said that this design or that would make a ‘‘catchy” advertisement, and one day one of the artists took the alarm that some of his immortal conceptions would be gracing a cigarette or a soap box soon if he did not pre¬ vent it, and he rushed off and had his work copyrighted ; then another did the same thing, and another, and so on until the result was that about all of them were copy¬ righted. But I don’t believe that any of them had any idea of preventing either the newspapers or the photographers from making legitimate use of their paintings. Indeed, very many of the papers are using them right along. Har¬ per's has a majority of the copyrighted studies reproduced, and I have not heard of any objections to it from the artists themselves.” THE ‘‘AMERICAN NEW DEPARTURE” CRITICISED. Mr. Walter Crane, the eminent book decorator of the Morris school, has a word of praise and criticism for Amer¬ ican process work in his newly appeared work on ‘‘The Decorative Illustration of Books.” He refers to Mr. Linton as one who has carried ‘‘ the lamp of the older traditions of wood engraving to these degenerate days when, whatever wonders of literal translation and imitation of chalk, char¬ coal or palette and brushes it has exhibited under spell of American enterprise — and I am far from denying its achievements as such — it cannot be said to have preserved the distinction and independence of the engraver as an artist or original designer in any sense. When not extin¬ guished altogether by some form of automatic reproductive process, he is reduced to the office of ‘‘ process-server” — he becomes the slave of the pictorial artist. The picturesque sketcher loves his ‘‘bits” and “effects,” which, moreover, however ‘sensational and sparkling they may be in them¬ selves, have no reference as a rule to the decoration of the page, being in this sense no more than more or less adroit splashes of ink upon it, which the text, torn into an irregu¬ larly ragged edge, seems instinctively to shrink from touch¬ ing, squeezing itself together like the passengers in a crowded omnibus might do, reluctantly to admit a chim¬ ney-sweep.” And he goes on to say that Mr. Linton, after having associated with the best engravers and designers of books since the days of the Bewick school, and seen the art pass through such a variety of stages and tendencies, is now finally face to face with what he himself has called the “ American New Departure.” AN APPRECIATIVE READER. To say that I am an appreciative reader of The Inland Printer but mildly expresses it. Am especially interested in the department conducted by Ed S. Ralph, and highly commend his position in comments on jobwork, namely, that it is not necessary that every job must be artistic from every point of view in order to receive favorable mention. — Charles L. Kennedy, Norwalk, Ohio. THE INLAND PRINTER. 547 LOUIS ROESCH COMPANY SAN FRANCISCO. LOUIS ROESCH. The extensive printing- house of the Louis Roesch Com¬ pany is the lineal descendant of the small job print¬ ing office established, in 1852, as an adjunct to the California Demokrat, by Frederick Hess, the present pro¬ prietor of that journal. That influential German newspaper has long since outgrown the 4,^ business of printing, except '■4^ in so far as it pertains to its regular daily and weekly issues. As long ago as 1876 Ludwig Rosenthal pur¬ chased the good will and material of the job depart¬ ment, and four years later he was joined in the enterprise by Louis Roesch, a young and energetic printer. In 1885, increasing business ne¬ cessitated a removal to more commodious quarters, and a suitable room was secured at 320 Sansome street, where the office was located for the next twelve years, though additional room was twice demanded by the increasing business. In June, 1888, Mr. Rosenthal sold his half interest to Mr. Roesch, who continued the business as The Louis Roesch Company until April of this year, when it was incorporated under the laws of the State of California. On the 1st of April of this year the estab¬ lishment was moved across the street to 321, 323 and 325 Sansome street, occupying the entire upper floor and attic of the magnificent granite building then just completed on the site of the old American Exchange Hotel. The room is amply lighted on four sides, standing on a corner, as it does, with an area in the rear and on a portion of the north side. As the room was finished up in accordance with the ideas and wishes of Mr. Roesch, every facility has been provided for the comfort of the employes and the expe¬ ditious handling of the large business. During the year 1896, in spite of the dull times, nearly an entire new outfit of presses was placed in the establish¬ ment, together with liberal additions to the type and mate¬ rials. The plant now includes twelve presses, two steam cutters, two bronzing machines, besides die cutting and other machines. All departments are so distributed as to be under the . immediate observation of Mr. Roesch, the superintendent, and his superintendence is of that character which insures prompt attention to every detail of the busi¬ ness, from the time the orders are received and booked until the finished work is sent out to the customer. Louis Roesch was born in the city of Stuttgart, Wiirtem- berg, in 1856, where he spent his boyhood days and received his education. In 1872, at the age of sixteen years, he came direct to San Francisco, and shortly after his arrival he entered a printing office as an apprentice. Having a nat¬ ural liking for the occupation, he determined to master it in all its details. In due time he acquired a general knowl¬ edge of both composition and presswork, and an opportunity for purchasing an interest presenting itself, he invested as above stated, and with most flattering results. Mr. Roesch attributes his success in the business to the fact that he has given his careful attention to the mechanical details, and has devoted his best thought to the wants of his patrons. In no case has he gone on the plan of “anything goes,” but he has studied the wants of his clients first, last and all the time. In doing this he has never lost sight of the fact that good work commands a good price, and that purchasers of printing recognize that fact. In his experience, those who want cheap printing get it, and he has never bid for that class of work. Early recognizing the importance of a tech¬ nical knowledge of the laws of harmony and contrast in colors, he made this a special study, and much of the ink used in the establishment is compounded and ground over in his own pressroom, after formulas of his own. His best inks are imported direct from Kast & Ehinger of his native city. So noticeable a feature of the work from this office is its effective use of brilliant and harmonious inks, that the work is recognizable at a distance, without regard to its im- . print. The establishment has long been the favorite one for the users of wine and beer labels, and latterly for the large tobacco companies. In these fields the best artists have contributed drawings and designs, and the care given the work in the after processes has resulted in success. Many of the large posters for the tobacco companies are used in the East and are familiar to most persons. While the house is in no sense a specialty one, more attention has been given to labels and posters than to any other line. In fine book- work, such specimens as “Blue and Gold” of the Univer¬ sity of California, and the “ Stanford Quad,” from the Leland Stanford Junior University, have for several years been among the special issues of The Louis Roesch Com¬ pany. These works are both very fair representatives of the best products of fine letterpress, composition and half¬ tone, and have no superior in this city. At the last annual fair of the Mechanics’ Institute The Louis Roesch Company was awarded three prizes for fine book, job and label work, and the exhibit covered wall space of more than one hundred and fifty square yards. This was one of the attractions of the fair, and called forth many flattering compliments. The officers of the corporation are : Louis Roesch, presi¬ dent and manager ; Nicholas Ohlandt, vice-president ; Theodore Fr.icke, secretary and cashier, who has charge of the business management. F. W. Menzer, who has been in the office for twenty years, is foreman of the job depart¬ ment, a director of the company, and besides being a first- class printer, is one of the most popular foremen in San Francisco. He has long since made himself indispensable, but is not the less agreeable to all around and under him on that account. It is only simple justice to say also that Mr. Roesch has been for many years a prominent figure in the German-American population of San Francisco, and is an example of the push and enterprise of the race. He has never sought or accepted office, though frequently solicited to allow his name to be used in convention. His ambition has never led that way, though always manifesting a keen interest in the general welfare of the city, and giving the weight of his influence on the side of clean politics and the honest administration of affairs. Summer Girls — Not After Gibson. FROM A COLLEGE PROFESSOR. Printing becomes a fine art when so much taste and so much mechanical skill are combined in a product as are found in The Inland Printer. Advertising takes on a very different character when it becomes so beautiful. — Prof. H. M. Whitney, Professor of English, Beloit College, Beloit, Wisconsin. 548 THE INLAND PRINTER. PROCESS ENGRAVING NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY S. H. HORGAN. In this department, queries addressed to The Inland Printer regard¬ ing process engraving will be recorded and answered, and the experi¬ ences and suggestions of engravers and printers are solicited hereto. It is believed that herein will be found a medium for the interchange of valuable hints and suggestions never before offered to those in interest. The New Four-Line Screen. — Mr. Max Levy has at last succeeded in placing on the market his four-line half¬ tone screen. It is ruled with two lines at right angles as usual, and in addition has two lines diagonal to the first. They are of seven degrees of fineness. Etching Aluminum. — The following formula is given as a mordant for aluminum. To those anxious to experi¬ ment with the “metal of the future” it will be of interest: Butter of antimony . 2 ounces Acetic acid No. 8 . 3 “ Alcohol . 2 Water . 20 “ Photo-Engravers’ Associations. — “Subscriber,” Phil¬ adelphia. You are entirely right in suggestion that “ those engaged in the photo-engraving business should get together and stop throat cutting.” Associations for that purpose have been organized in Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas City, Grand Rapids, Cleveland, Pittsburg, Buffalo, New York City, Cincinnati, Indianapolis and Baltimore. Some of them are already accomplishing results in their localities. You had better write for information as to organizing in your city to Mr. Oscar E. B inner, president of the Asso¬ ciation of Photo-Engravers of Chicago, Fisher building, Chicago. Perchloride of Iron. — A. Cuyas, Mexico, writes: “I learned half-tone process in the ‘States,’ but since coming home I have much trouble. I am helped by The Inland Printer. The perchloride of iron I get here is not a liquid, as I was taught to use, but is in black lumps. Is it just as good ? ” Answer. — Many etchers prefer the perchloride of iron as a solid salt. It is dissolved to saturation in water, and this becomes a stock solution. To use, it is diluted with water to suit the etcher’s fancy. If the solution is very dark in color and the copper does not etch bright and clear with it, even when brushed with a flat camel-hair brush, then the addition of a small quantity of hydrochloric acid will clear the solution and hasten the etching. Too much hydrochloric acid, however, will cause the enamel coating to lift. Cleaning Half-Tone Screens. — F. A. G., Grand Rap¬ ids, Michigan, recites his trials in half-tone negative mak¬ ing, too lengthy to print here, but the advice given him may benefit others : In the first place, do not rest content with a half-tone screen that is a photographic copy of the genuine machine-ruled screen. To prevent sweat on the screen from the wet plate in the holder, keep your darkroom and operating room at the same temperature. It has been recommended for this trouble to rub a little glycerin over the screen and then wipe the screen until no streaks appear. To polish the screen it is dangerous to use rouge, as there is liability of scratching. If you will use a powder, try the finest French chalk wet with a few drops of aqua ammo¬ nia. For my part, I prefer to use a perfectly clean chamois skin, only breathing on the screen before polishing, and when the breath shows no streaks the screen is considered clean. Photogravures on a Fast Press. — An opinion is asked on the following startling statement from Newspaperdom : “ A curious experiment, that of reproducing photogravure illustrations on a rotary press, has been tried in the machinery hall of the Brussels Exhibition. The London Chronicle correspondent states that the machine, which belongs to the proprietors of the Petit Bleu, an illustrated daily, prints at the rate of 18,000 per hour, and the result was so far successful that the problem of utilizing photo¬ gravure for newspaper purposes is practically solved.” Answer. — It can be safely said that the printing of 18,000 photogravures an hour from a single plate is impossible. The word “ photogravure ” has evidently been used to mean photo-engraving, and the kind of photo-engraving referred to is likely half-tone. If this- is the case, the proprietors of the Petit Bleu are not the first to accomplish this. The New York Tribune has for the last six months been print¬ ing half-tone engravings daily at a speed of 18,000 an hour. The Penrose & Go’s Photo-Process Catalogue. — One does not appreciate entirely how much apparatus and chemicals are necessary in a photo-engraving establishment. Some idea may be gained, however, by a study of the mag¬ nificent 220-page catalogue compiled by Penrose & Co., the photo-process stores, London, published at the charge of one shilling. The index of this catalogue contains nearly one thousand subjects. This volume is a valuable addition to any library ; it is handsomely illustrated and well printed on fine paper. Quite a compliment is paid to our process workers in the addition of the title “ American” to so many of the articles found in this catalogue. The word “ Ameri¬ can,” when applied to awhirler or other piece of machinery or goods, seems to carry with it a guarantee of superiority. This is flattering, of course, but we must admit that on this whole continent, or in the world for that matter, there is no single firm that caters so thoroughly to the wants of the process worker as does Penrose & Co., of London. We trust they will meet with the success they deserve. Half-Tones in Grain. — “ Editor,” New York, sends a half-tone print, made without a line screen, by Herr Cro¬ nenberg, of Germany, and asks: “1. Whether you think Cronenberg’s system has any real advantages ? 2. Would it be practicable for use in a Sunday supplement ? 3. Would readers note any difference between the ordinary half-tone and one made by Cronenberg’s system?” An¬ swer. — Herr Cronenberg’s half-tone in grain is made by printing from an ordinary negative on a thin sheet of metal coated with bichromatized gelatin, as used in collotype printing. After the exposure to light, the collotype surface is soaked in a special solution, washed, dried until it is just moist, then rolled up as a litho stone. When inked it is brought into contact, under heavy pressure, with a clean copper plate. The transfer ink goes over to the copper, then the latter is dusted with rosin and etched. Too uncer¬ tain a process by all odds. If you were to see the same subject reproduced by Herr Cronenberg’s and the ordinary half-tone process, you would decide in favor of the latter as giving the best reproduction. Why Process Work in the United States Is Supe¬ rior. — “ The United States is forging ahead of her foreign contemporaries, not alone in the quality of photo-engraving, but in the speed with which excellent work can be pro¬ duced.” This tribute is paid us by a writer in the British and Colonial Stationer and Printer. He partially accounts for it thus : “ Speed of production, and by that we mean cheapness of production, is a very important item, and involves several factors to its successful realization. Abso¬ lute cleanliness of workrooms — an unknown quantity in the old-style plant — is imperative. All rapid process work depends upon delicately balanced affinities which are easily reversed, thereby changing regular certainty to chance and uncertainty. Expert manipulation of time-saving devices is a wonderful help, and technical care in keeping chemical preparations, inks, powders and other material and equip¬ ment always at their highest working value is a point well understood and appreciated by those who do quick work. The etching room, up-to-date, is a marvel of compactness — no unnecessary steps need be taken. America, in a great THE INLAND PRINTER. 549 measure, owes its progress in the process to the improve¬ ment of the workrooms.” Engraving Copper Dials. — “Manager,” Baltimore, writes: “I have occasion to etch some copper dials, about 6-inch dials, with numbers around the face somewhat like a clock dial. This work is done by using a solution of fish glue, bichromate of potash and other chemicals, and coating the copper disk with it, thus making the dial sensitive to light. A tracing on regular tracing cloth is then put over the sensitized disk and exposed to the sunlight, then washed and etched. While I know generally the process, I do not know the proportions that are best for the sensitizing solu¬ tion, their exact ingredients, the times of exposure, method of coating material and method of etching. Can you not supply the formula and directions for doing this work best to a subscriber?” Answer. — You will find precise formulae for this work in Jenkins’ “Manual of Photo-Engraving,” published by The Inland Printer Company. The methods you require are those used in ordinary half-tone engraving on copper. If you have any trouble in understanding any¬ thing in Mr. Jenkins’ work, we shall be pleased to make it clear to you, if possible. I could write you lengthy instruc¬ tions, but in this hot weather I am sure you would prefer to read them in cold type. MARGARET L. HACKEDORN — PUBLISHER. BY C. Q. M. Time was when the establishment of a business was the mere planting of the seed and the waiting for it to grow, natural conditions would attend to the growth, and unless nature was infringed upon the result was a cer¬ tainty. It was merely requisite to have time and strength and patience and ability. Now it requires all of these things, plus almost superhuman energy, tireless vigilance, eternal watchfulness, in¬ finite versatility, and clever busi¬ ness judgment and sagacity. Upon these foundations must the business structure of the present day be constructed, and few there are who succeed. A young man must have money, brains and push to succeed, and then it is not a sure thing. There are new elements in business life; new conditions that confront us, and among the new things which are apparent is the advent of women into business life, not merely as employe, but as employer. Pew there are who have been more successful than Mar¬ garet L. Hackedorn, the manager of the Recorder Publishing Company, of Toledo, the only job printing and publishing business owned and managed by women in Ohio. Starting into the publishing business in Toledo in January of 1893, Miss Hackedorn, by her attention to details, has built up a business that is fast growing into one of the most important establishments in the State. While the general publishing business of this company is of interest, it founded and has carried on successfully the work of publishing the Woman's Medical Journal, now one of the leading and most prosperous medical journals in this country. They also launched the Cycling News upon the sea of journalism two years ago, that also being a successful publication. With these publications as a nucleus for work. Miss Hackedorn decided that it would be well to enter the printing business, so early in 1896 a small plant was purchased and business opened in a modest way with a small press and a small office. Versatility and originality in the preparation of catalogues and booklets soon demonstrated that there was an opportunity for greater growth, and presses have been added so that with other machinery this is now one of the best-equipped plants in the State for this sort of work. A special feature is made of writing, designing and printing, and here is where Miss Hackedorn’s sagacity stands her in good stead, for this department is one of the most prominent of the firm’s resources. The Recorder Publishing Company has had a steady growth and has successfully survived the effects of last year’s panics and uncertainties, when older firms have met shipwreck and disaster, and this pleasant condition is [ Shown by courtesy of Mr. J. J. Goodyear, President Humane Society, Ann Arbor, Michig'an.] largely due to Miss Hackedorn, who has entire charge of the business department of the company. Why this suc¬ cess? Close attention to details, careful supervision of work, tact and general progression — these are the elements that have made success. Miss Hackedorn began business life seven years ago in the countingroom of the Lima Repub¬ lican and there received her first insight into the intricacies of the job printing business. Two years later she accepted a position as assistant manager of the Toledo Commercial, remaining with them a little over a year when she assumed her present position. Always courteous, always bright. Miss Hackedorn is always womanly, and has demonstrated the fact that the woman in business can make a pleasant and, withal, a profitable position for herself if she chooses. The results lie largely in her own hands. CORRECT TYPOGRAPHY. No subject is of greater importance to the seeker after publicity than that of correct typography. The keynote to effective work with types is simplicity ; but alas, how few there be among the craft capable of producing the strong, simple, effective result. It is easy to say of the finished announcement, “ That is easy, only give me the type faces.” It is true that the compositor can do little without good type, and the wise printer always buys the best. But it needs the artist “ comp.” to handle type effectively. — Projitable Adver¬ tising. WELL AHEAD OF ALL COMPETITORS. The Inland Printer, that sterling Chicago monthly which is well ahead of all its competitors, and which inter¬ ests not only the printing trade, but all who enjoy fine printing and illustrating, comes in a very gay cover this month by Leyendecker, There is an unusually good speci¬ men of color printing for a frontispiece and the printed pages are full of up-to-date information, suggestion and illustration. — The Post, Hartford, Connecticut. 550 THE INLAND PRINTER. NOTES AND QUERIES ON ELECTROTYPING AND STEREOTYPING.- CONDUCTED BY C. S. PARTRIDGE. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from electrotypers, stereotypers and others. Individual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Inquiries will receive prompt attention. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. Heating Steam Tables. — A correspondent writes : “ Would you kindly furnish us any information you may have concerning- a new apparatus for heating- a steam table, aside from a large boiler. I understand something new has been placed on the market during the past year, and think perhaps you are in position to know.” Answer. — The only practicable method of heating a drying table is by steam. Some of the manufacturers of stereotyping machinery fur¬ nish a small steam generator for this purpose, which occu¬ pies little space, and is very satisfactory. Either coal or gas may be used for fuel. The drying table should be supplied with a small automatic trap to keep the table free from water without wasting steam. If the generator can be located on a floor below the drying table, a trap would not be neces¬ sary, as the steam will circulate and prevent the accumula¬ tion of water in the table. For information as to prices, etc., address the manufacturers of stereotyping machinery who advertise in this paper. Matrix Composition. — J. B. P. writes : “Asa reader of The Inland Printer, I take the liberty of asking if you can give me any information regarding the matrix composition invented by Louis Jannen, mentioned in your article on ‘ Cel¬ luloid Printing Plates.’ I have been on the lookout for such a composition as this seems to be, and would like to know where it is to be obtained. I have tried plaster of paris, but it is not. satisfactory, as only one perfect cast can be obtained from it. I may say that the casts are not celluloid, but type metal. Any information on the subject of durable cement molds will be appreciated.” Answer. — The composition to which reference is made consists of peroxide of lead (red litharge) moistened with glycerin to the consistency of putty. It becomes as hard as stone in a few minutes, but would not be suitable for your purpose, because the tem¬ perature of melted type metal would melt the composition. You will probably find it impossible to make a mold of any kind of cement which will stand more than one cast. Drying Stereotype Molds. — J. I. H., Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, writes: “I am an interested reader of The Inland Printer,- and should be very much pleased if you could give me a little information. I put in a stereotype outfit a short time ago. There was an agent around who is selling stereotype machinery, and he told me that the outfit would spoil my type and wanted me to buy a steam table. He told me that letters would get high in the form. Is this so ? I suppose you know that with the outfit the matrix is dried with hot air. Will the hot air hurt the type quicker than a steam table ? Rather than have my type spoiled I would stop using this plant. The reason I have no steam table is that I do not have the steam. I stereotype an eight- page weekly and four periodicals.” Answer. — Hot air will not injure type any more than steam heat, provided it is no hotter than steam. The chief advantage of the steam table lies in the fact that the heat is limited to a safe temperature, whereas with gas or coal as a heating agent there is great danger of overheating because of the diflSculty of controlling the heat within safe limits, and the further fact that it is impossible to determine the degree of heat to which the type is being subjected. The steam table is therefore by far the safer method of drying molds. A 16-inch steam generator will supply you with all the steam necessary to heat one steam table. Whatever method is employed for drying, great care should be observed in locking up the forms, for even with the steam table process there is danger of injuring the type unless provision is made for expansion. Directions for reducing this danger to the minimum are given in the work on “ Stereotyping,” which may be procured from The Inland Printer. Electrotypes of Half-Tones.— In the June number of The Inland Printer the editor of “Pressroom Notes and Queries ” takes the position that the best results cannot be obtained from electrotyped copies of half-tones. In proof of the truth of this statement it is claimed that the use of orig¬ inals is becoming more prevalent every day. While electro¬ typing is the best-known process for copying engravings, it is probably true that there is room for improvement in the methods generally employed. At the same time there are cases where it would puzzle an expert to detect any differ¬ ence between the original and the copy. It is admitted, however, that there is a chance to lose something of the delicacy of the original in the present methods of molding and preparing the mold for the bath. Possibly a better molding composition than beeswax may be found, and cer¬ tainly a better process of metallizing the mold would seem to be desirable, for no matter how carefully the work may be done, the blackleading process is liable to fill, to some extent, the almost imperceptible meshes of the half-tone. The popular method of precipitating a film of copper on the mold by means of iron filings previous to its immersion in the bath, is also full of danger to the half-tones. The ideal electrotype should be molded in a composition which will take with absolute accuracy an impression of every feature of the original, and which will release the pattern without the aid of molding lead. The metallizing should be done by a wet process, the iron filings dispensed with altogether, and lastly the electrotype should be deposited with a nickel or steel face. With such a process the electrotype would be preferable to the original because of its superior wearing qualities. PROOFROOM NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY F. HORACE TEADL. It is the purpose in this department to allow for a full and satis¬ factory discussion of every matter pertaining to the proofroom and to proofreading. The contributions, suggestions, and queries of those specially interested are cordially invited hereto, and no effort will be spared to make the answers to queries authoritative and the depart¬ ment in general of permanent value. Singular vs. Plural. — A. K., Dayton, Ohio, asks: “Which sentence is grammatically correct — ‘Ten dollars was paid ’ or ‘ Ten dollars were paid ’ ? ” Answer. — Simply as a matter of grammar, with no deference to sense, the second sentence is right ; but as a matter of fact, unless ten separate dollar coins or bills are paid, which seldom hap¬ pens, “was paid” is much more accurate, as the real meaning is, “ The amount of $10 was paid ”^one thing that is named by the words that express its equivalent in smaller amounts. “Ten dollars” is logically singular when it means one amount of money, and so is “ ten million dol¬ lars,” although grammatically plural ; therefore it is better to use the singular verb for the common intention in sense. Misplaced Criticism. — Mr. R. D. Watts, in a letter to the editor in The Inland Printer for July, defends proof¬ readers against a criticism which he mistakenly attributes to “Mr. Teall.” The criticism was contained in a letter plainly signed “A. E. Davis,” given without a word of editorial comment. It expressed a preference for a punctu¬ ation strongly antagonized by Mr. Teall on every possible occasion. It is hard to perceive how it could be possible for Mr. Watts to make the mistake that he did make. . His whole letter asserts that “Mr. Teall” says things that he evidently does not say. Mr. Watts is right in all of his assertions as to the facts connected with the work con¬ sidered, especially as to the common ignorance of proper THE INLAND PRINTER. 551 punctuation by those who prepare copy for railroad work. Such copy often is, as he says, “fearful and wonderful.” The one to whom Mr. Watts attributes the criticism would not attempt to criticise such work, for it would not pay. Two Grammar Questions. — D., Bayonne, N. J., writes: “I enclose two clipping’s from papers, which I have num¬ bered (1) and (2). Will you kindly inform me if these two sentences are grammatically correct as printed ? If not, please explain why, (1) ‘ He made many friends, but all were in moderate circumstances, and none wanted to know any other language than their own,’ (2) ‘ This thing is so simple and so clear in my own mind that I cannot see how any one can think differently ; but if anybody does, I would like to hear from them, ’ ” Answer. — The first sentence cannot rightly be utterly condemned, although “none” is simply “ no one,” and so is primarily singular. It is not uncommon to use the word with a plural pronoun or verb, as including more than one, and it is not wrong to do so. It would undoubtedly be right, however, to say “ none wanted other than his own.” The second sentence is positively and unqualifiedly bad, notwithstanding the fact that the error is a very common one. “I would like to hear from him” would be right. In cases like both of these (supposing that one prefers the singular pronoun in the first) it is preferable to use the masculine singular, despite the inclusion of women among those meant by the other words, because it agrees in number, and while it means a man and not a woman, “man” is inclusive of women, though it is essentially a masculine word. A Negative Omitted.— G. W. M., New York, asks the following question; “Will you kindly inform me whether the subjoined sentence is wrong ? ‘ The events in Field’s life — his birth at St. Louis in 1850; his education at Williams, Knox, Amherst, and Missouri State Univer¬ sities; his connection with the St. Louis Journal, Kansas City Times, Denver Tribune, and Chicago News ; and his rise in journalism — were sufficiently commented upon at the time of his unfortunate death a little over a year ago to require special mention now.’ It is claimed by a literary friend that the word ‘not’ should be inserted after ‘ago,’ making the phrase read ‘ not to require special mention now.’ I maintain that the clause beginning with ‘to’ is a clause of result. For substitute the word ‘ enough ’ for ‘ sufficiently ’ — which means the same — and see how it reads : ‘ The events in F’s life . . . were enough com¬ mented upon at the time of his , . . death ... to require special mention now.’ ” Answer. — The sentence is incom¬ plete without “not” after “ago,” or a corresponding change, as “to require no special mention.” Its inten¬ tion is that no mention is now required, and why not say so? Substitution of “enough” for “sufficiently” makes no difference, and I must confess that I do not know what “a clause of result” is, as I never heard of one before, at least with any meaning that is at all fitting for anything that can be intended here. Are they Abbreviations? — W. S. M., Olympia, Wash¬ ington, writes : “Please tell me what kind of mark (if any) should be placed after 4th, 21st, and like words used in a sentence where if the word were spelled out there would be no mark; as, ‘On the 21st of September.’ My opinion is that the form is not an abbreviation. It certainly is a con¬ traction, but nothing seems left out.” Answer. — ^No mark should be used. The opinion that the form is not an abbre¬ viation is a good opinion, because there is no abbreviating. Abbreviating is done by leaving off a part of the word, and it is commonly shown by using a period at the end of the short form ; but some short forms, while they really are abbreviations, are not technically known as such, because they are quite properly included in another. category, that of nicknames or merely short names. ' In this latter class are “Ed,” “Fred,” “Will,” etc. In the ordinal words of our question there is no cutting off from the end, but only substitution of a figure for the numeral part of the word, with the same ordinal termination that is used in the word when spelled out. How can anything “certainly” be a contraction when nothing seems left out ? A contraction is a form made by leaving out a part from between the ends and drawing the ends together, commonly with an apostrophe in place of the omitted part, as in “dep’t” for “department”; but some real contractions are known as abbreviations by printers, because they are printed in the form of abbrevia¬ tions, as “dept.,” which is often used instead of the other form. The dates with figures certainly are not contractions, as there is no omission, but mere substitution of a figure for the corresponding letters. Possibly the doubt arose from the fact that the Germans do make abbreviations of ordinal words by using a figure and a period, omitting the termi¬ nation, as “21. September,” which shows plainly why the point is used. PRESSROOM QUERIES AND ANSWERS. CONDUCTED BY A PRESSMAN. TO CORRESPONDENTS.— Letters for this department should be mailed direct to 212 Monroe street, Chicago. The names and addresses of correspondents must be given, not necessarily for publication, but merely to identify them if occasion should arise. No letters will be answered by mail which properly belong to this department. An Opinion Regarding a Specimen Sent.— C. F. N. W., of Baltimore, Maryland, has sent us three specimens of printing, printed from one half-tone plate, regarding which he desires our opinion. He has this to say: “I send you this specimen of three-color work, printed from one half¬ tone engraving, done without the use of friskets on the grippers. As many impressions as desired can be made with as much ease as if separate plates were used. This specimen was made on a job press, but similar work can be done on a cylinder press. It is my object to imitate as near as possible the much-admired chromotype.” Answer. The specimen sent has the merit of apparent novelty, but it is not artistic nor good. Can’t Make Bronze Stick on Ribbon. — W. S. H., of Morgantown, West Virginia, has trouble with his bronze work. He says: “Inclosed find bookmark; I have trouble to get the bronze to stick. Can you advise me how to print them, so that the bronze will not rub off ? ” Answer. — -This difficulty has been encountered by many who have essayed to do work beyond their capacity, and it has been answered as often in these pages. Here goes again. Make your form ready with a strong impression on a fairly hard tympan, so that the impression may be deep enough to send the ink into the texture of the ribbon used. Next get a ^ood gold size ink — not black, blue, green, etc., ink, as is often done — and have a properly seasoned set of form rollers on the press. Use as much ink as will cover and print whatever is in the form solidly. Keep this up all through the job. Now use a bright bronze powder, and take enough of it at a time to absorb the ink on the printed impression, at the same time rubbing in the bronze so that it looks bright and solid: Do this by fairly light rubbing — yet effective rubbing. Use fine cotton batting or a bronzing pad. After a few hours the work may be about dry enough to dust off, which should be accomplished by the use of a soft brush, cotton batting or an old silk handkerchief. Dust off the surplus bronze thoroughly. Trouble with a Prouty Press. — J. H. R., of Waverly, Illinois, writes as follows : “ Could you or any mortal man tell me how to keep a standard Prouty newspaper press from wrinkling ? Press has a rubber blanket (a thick one), covered by a sheet of the best Irish linen drawn tight as a drumhead ; paper is a six-column folio, fed fold into the 552 THE INLAND PRINTER. grippers (patent inside folded). I have tried setting the grippers in every conceivable way, have raised and lowered the impression and done everything known, but still it wrinkles the papers, and the flow of consequent cuss words is sufficient to dishearten a Salvation Army bass drum. If you can assist me, please do so in haste.” Answer. — From the tenor of your letter, and the peculiar manner in which the paper is fed to the press, we believe you have got a “corker ” in your pressroom. If you have done all you say you have to remedy the wrinkling, you may have exhausted almost all known devices to that end. However, suppose you go over your tympaning and test its condition as to height with the cylinder bearers — if it has such. You are probably carrying too much packing ; if so, this will help materially to develop what you seek to avoid. Try reducing the amount of packing and lower the cylinder to make the equivalent. Exert a little patience at this point, and if not successful write the makers of the press, who may be able to help you out of the dilemma. Coating Pulling Off Card Stock.— O. L. A., of Grand Junction, Michigan, has sent us a sample of card stock (or rather about one hundred pounds milled paper), coated to represent a thin, low-grade bristol. The coating is simply vile, for it has no more tenacity than if put on with a very weak-sized water holder. Regarding this stock, the corre¬ spondent writes : “ Please find inclosed sample of paper which we tried to work on a form of mottoes, run on a Babcock standard press. You will notice that the type pulls the coating off the paper ; can you give me a remedy for the trouble ? I put printers’ varnish into the ink, but it did no good ; then I thought I was running too much ink, so cut the quantity down, but this also failed as a remedy.” Answer. — The stock used is manufactured for box and sam¬ ple card purposes. The coating would not withstand the tack and pull necessary to do printing, without picking, no matter how “gingerly” treated. As a printing surface it is a complete failure. We cannot conceive how any pub¬ lishing concern can be so effectively imposed upon as to buy such stock for printing on. Methods of testing the strength of coating on papers and cards have been pub¬ lished in these pages from time to time. A correct one can be found on page 79 of Kelly’s “ Presswork.” Correction Regarding Middle Screws on a Peerless Press. — E. T., of Chicago, Illinois, asked this question: “Kindly explain the use of the two middle screws on a Peer¬ less job press ; also explain what the cause is that makes the two bottom end screws work loose ! Do you think that if I tightened the bottom middle screw that it would prevent the two bottom end screws from working loose?” (Our answer to this ques¬ tion was erroneous, from the fact that the writer told what would be a rem¬ edy for loose impression screws on a press known as the Liberty.) Answer. — The two middle screws on a Peerless press — unlike the Lib¬ erty — are held in a rigid position, around which are strong wire springs. These are placed behind the platen that they may, by the aid of these springs, adjust such movement of the platen as may develop through long usage. As may be observed, by examina¬ tion, it is not possible to take hold of the heads of these screws, as they are made about even with the face of the points of insertion, and are not to be meddled with, because they have no other function than to steady the platen and to hold it to its position on the four impression screws. When the impression screws, on the four ends of the platen, or any of them, refuse to hold rigidly, after being care¬ fully set, it is a pretty sure sign that either the thread on the screw, or the worm into which the screw fits, is imperfect or worn down, and that new screws or a ma¬ chinist, or both, are needed to remedy the complaint. Some¬ times the addition of a mixture of powdered rosin and common black ink, placed in the worm, or on the screw, will Sunshine and Shadow. take up the looseness which is produced by constant wear, and help to keep the screw rigid. Some people believe in setting the impression screws to suit the job, contending that if the form is large it is necessary to lower the two bottom screws a trifle, and to increase the impression on the top screws, thereby equalizing the points of contact when the impression is reached (this is the theory of an old friend of the Peerless press) ; others believe this is unneces¬ sary, from the fact that the quantity of tympan used may be so regulated as to overcome this difference. Be this as it may, however, it is wise to consider both theories in the case of presses constructed with a clam-shell or hinged motion to make their impressions. Perhaps a neglect of this course has had the effect of bearing too strongly on the two bottom screws complained about. Printing Solid Blocks — Press and Inks. — J. H. P., of Stoneham, Massachusetts, is evidently a stranger to the methods of and the accessories to doing good block press- work when he says: “Please inform me, through The Inland Printer, of the best way to treat solid tint-blocks, both as to press and inks, for I find a great deal of trouble in covering the solids evenly with the right quantity of ink (that is, light enough). Is it proper to thin the inks or should I buy special tint inks to make first-class work ? ” Answer. — To print solid tint-blocks properly they must first be made ready on a press that has strength, good roller distribution for all grades of inks, and sufficient form roller accommodation to cover with color any form adapted to its capacity in size and other essentials. The make-ready should be fairly hard and the block trued up to the face of the form by careful underlaying. A fairly well seasoned set of rollers should be employed to distribute the ink and cover the form well and evenly. In most cases inks are reduced with a thinning varnish, put up for printers’ use by any reputable inkmaker, and for just such work. Great care is necessary in reducing inks, because it is very easy to spoil a fine quality of ink. Tint inks are generally made with white ink and varnish and a small quantity of the color desired for use. Such ink should not be too thin — • that is, too much varnish must not be added, as this is what is employed to reduce the ink. Where there is lack of experience at first, it is wise to consult an inkmaker, telling Little Jack Tar. THE INLAND PRINTER. 553 him just what you want to do with the color, and submit a sample of the paper or card stock you are going to print on to enable him to judge of the consistency of the ink best suited for form and stock. If all these conditions have been adhered to, and a fair degree of intelligence exercised (coupled with patience, because the printing of a solid block in a blameless way is a difficult job), then there will be reason to look for success. Composition Rollers Breaking on the Ends. — J. P., of Christchurch, New Zealand, writes: “Can you tell me the cause of rollers (inkers) breaking up at the ends, gen¬ erally more on one end than on the other ? The rollers are always carefully set, so as to just ‘ kiss ’ both form and riders. Is the fault in the casting of the rollers ? ( The mold is heated by a gaslight placed inside of it, which gets much warmer at the ends than in the center.) Would the continual heating of the mold injure the face of the mold and thus cause the rollers to break up at the ends ? I have gained much information from your valuable pages, and also from ‘ Kelly’s Presswork ’ book, and would therefore like your opinion on the above. Will you also tell me why we have trouble in remelting composition — represented as of good quality — and how we can get good results ? Answer. — If your rollers are as perfectly set as you state, and there is no undue lost motion in the action of the riding rollers, or lurch or sag in the movement of the bed or cylinder, then the fault lies in the composition on the roller stocks. But before we blame the composition we must also investigate the spindles, or journals, of the roller stocks to see that they, too, are in perfect order, by being absolutely straight, and that the composition is equal and circular in its full dimensions. Be sure of these prerequisites, and if these have been attended to faithfully, then let us examine what trouble may have been brought about by heating the mold with a gas jet light inside ! To begin with, this is a very bad way to heat up a roller mold, and then expect to get round and good rollers. Your roller mold should be heated from the outside, and that as uniformly (from one end to the other) as possible. This is necessary to insure success. It is too often the case, in casting one’s own rollers, that too much attention is paid to some parts of the detail while one equally important to the others is almost overlooked in the preparation. There can be but little doubt that your mold has been overheated in places, which has caused the com¬ position to simmer and soon get “brittle” by reason of “ over-cooking ” at these places, and then it will crack and break off after being in use a short time. Another reason why rollers chip off at the ends is because ink is allowed to harden on the ends, which soon splits when washed off after being in the press. Extra friction is also acquired by reason of the “ tackiness ” of the dirty ends. In no case allow the ends of form rollers (inkers) to touch or lean on the bed bearers of the machine. Relative to your last query let us add that there should be no trouble in remelting good composition. If it has been over-cooked or remelted too often, then its vitality is gone and it is useless. Good com¬ position should be remelted slowly and brought to a proper heat for pouring without bringing it to the boiling stage. Wants to Coat His Own Paper. — H. E. S., St. Louis, Missouri, wants to know how to coat some paper he wants to print. Answer. — This is a branch of paper manufacture which requires special machinery and equipment. An explanation of the procedure would occupy too much space and be of no practical benefit to you. A fireproof printing paper has been invented in Berlin, and is now being manufactured there. It is made of ninety- five parts asbestos, with which is mixed uninflammable acids, lime water and borax, with five parts wood pulp. THE PICTORIAL PLACARD. In a lecture delivered before the Brooklyn Art Institute recently by Mr. Louis J. Rhead, on the pictorial placard or poster, much practical advice was given to the younger artists. From notes published in the Art Journal, we take the following ; Mr. Rhead divides his lecture into two parts — “How to produce a Good Poster,” and “ How to Sell it.” To make a good poster requires a thorough knowledge of the laws of decoration. These laws, or primary principles, enumerated as nine by Ruskin, Mr. Rhead elaborates to thirteen, the most important of which he names; “principality,” “con¬ tinuity,” “curvature,” “radiation,” “contrast,” “inter¬ change,” “consistency,” “harmony,” “development,” “composition of line,” and “even distribution.” Into the (Time of Edward VI., introducing- his monogram.) direct application of each of these first principles he does not, in his preliminary lecture, enter ; but, to aid the student in a practical comprehension of them, he recommends at the outset intellectual effort — thoughtful consideration of new ideas — aiming at inventiveness; the cultivation of the faculty of observation, be it in the fine work of others or in nature ; a command of detail, so that from actual knowledge drawings can be accurately made from memory ; and after practice and severe self-examination, the finding out what description of work the student is best fitted for, so that he can make a specialty of it, and thus always have a definite aim. He further recommends the avoidance of “ mindless imitation” of existing productions, as well as of nature, and insists that systematic training is required in the study of details — figures, drapery, trees, fiowers, and, in fact, everything that the artist has to depict. The imagination — by reading and observation — can be and should be assidu¬ ously cultivated. A habit of industry, greatly aiding the memory, may be acquired by keeping a notebook in constant use, filling it with careful studies of everything under the sun that comes within ken. A careful study ot the works of Vedder, Pyle, Abbey, Edwards, Beardsley and others is advisable, and, says Mr. Rhead, by way of parting advice, “Let your ambition be to do good work before original work, and you will then find your work more original than if you tried to make it so.” And now to Mr. Rhead’s suggestions as to selling the poster, designed after a careful training in the principles above laid down. Premising that the work prepared for sale should be compared with master works, rather than by the designer’s imagination, he proceeds: “When you have produced something that shows quality in design, some¬ thing really original and that has reason in it, work it out as best you can. Do not hastily add the lettering, but leave a prominent place for it — the choicest spot in the design. It should be strong in color, bold in drawing, and its story should be clearly told, whether it be for a magazine, a book, or for ordinary merchandise.” 554 THE INLAND PRINTER. NOTES ON JOB COMPOSITION. BY .ED S. RALPH. Under this head will appear, each month, suggestive comment on the composition of jobwork, advertisements, etc. Specimens for this department must be clearly printed in black ink on white paper, and mailed to this office, flat, marked plainly, “RALPH.” Important Notice. — Numbers of samples have been received for the job specimen competition which must be disqualified, as the conditions are not complied with. Du¬ plicates in black ink on white paper or card must be sent if the job is in colors, and only one specimen must be sent' by an individual. These conditions have been violated in several instances. The competitors are therefore dis¬ qualified. Read the conditions carefully in the July num¬ ber, and send your specimen in accordance therewith. Rules are made to be observed, not to be broken. John McCormick, Albany, New York. — The two sam¬ ples submitted are excellent from all points of view. A. B. C., Monmouth, Illinois. — Where book pages in catalogue work have no running folio, it is always advisable to center the type matter or cut on the page. Prank H. Farley, with the Semi- Weekly Phoenix, Bris¬ tol, Rhode Island. — Your composition and tint work on the leaf from the directory are both very creditable. Work is well balanced and finished, coupled with excellent press- work. L. S. Hotchkiss, Oakland, California. — Considering your age and experience, we have every reason to believe you will in time make an excellent, artistic printer. You have improved your work very much. The only criticism we offer on your cards is the use of too heavy-faced type in conjunction with script. Light-face type should be the rule. We see you are now paying more attention to proper balance and the judicious use of white space. Arthur Heath, foreman Courier-News, Plainfield, New Jersey. — Your samples evidence artistic talent. The plans of all your jobs are excellent. We reproduce the cover of Entertainment at the Casino the entertainment programme. No. 1. It is decidedly artis¬ tic, and offers exceptional advantages for color schemes and produces an equally pleasing effect in black and white. Your envelope corner for the city collector is excellent, with the exception that “Plainfield, N. J.,” is too weak. It should be in heavier-faced type. In the card of the Plain- field Cornet Band, the name of the band is by far too weak. The curved rule on the William H. Pangborn card did not help it any. The reproduction. No. 1, was printed at the top of the folder, leaving one-half of the stock blank. Clarke & Keach, New London, Connecticut. — Your cover design is artistic. We reproduce it, No. 2. It was 29th ANNUAL ^ ^ CAT ALOGUE MYSTIC VALLEY ENGLISH AND^^ CLASSICAL ^ ^ iji INSTITUTE,^ ^ ^ MYSTIC, CONN. No. 2. used on a cover 4 by 6 inches. The stock was a coated robin’s egg blue, and the design was printed in the upper right-hand corner. E. B. Brown, commercial printer, Woodstock, Canada. — Your blotter is very good, but we think you could have improved it by strengthening the two lines in the upper left-hand corner. Fred Meyer, Chicago, Illinois. — Your samples of com¬ mercial jobwork deserve credit for balance, finish, effective display and correct whiting out. The bicycle card is excellent, as are also the two statements. B. Freundlich, with Bloomingdale Brothers, . New York. — Your composition on the business card of the firm you are with is an artistic piece of work. The presswork and selection of colors by Mr. J. Bryan is harmonious and well done. Munroe & Southworth, the Acorn Press, 3S8 Dearborn street, Chicago, Illinois, sent out a very artistic folder, in two colors and embossed, announcing the new firm. The folder is excellently well done, and is an artistic piece of work from all standpoints. R. H. Dippy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. — The cover page of Electrozone is a very neat, artistic piece of compo¬ sition, showing excellent taste in the pressroom. The plan of composition is original, the design excellent and well balanced. The envelope of the Thompson Printing Com¬ pany is also of the same order. Thomas E. Abbott, Trail, British Columbia. — The cover for the pamphlet of “Little Joe” mine is excellent and shows unmistakable evidence of artistic talent. The letter-head of the Trail Creek News is also excellent as to design, balance and finish, but is weak in the selection of colors. It is in two printings, with the main line set in 24-point Tudor Black text. The letter has been worked to “ shade ” with gold. We have repeatedly stated that it was a mistake to shade Tudor Black text, and have no reason to change our mind. Had a good bright red been used and THE INLAND PRINTER. 555 the entire line been printed in solid red, the effect would have been much better. The stock used was a rose tint bond. W. H. Towner, Whitehall, Wisconsin. — For six months’ experience, your memorandum-head speaks very well for your ability. A trifle more space between the lines would have helped your heading. Lf. A. Chandler, foreman Mirror Printing House, May- field, Kentucky, knows how to set practical, artistic news¬ paper advertisements, as the large number of clippings from the Mayfield Mirror abundantly testify. John H. Matthews, with the American Baptist Publi¬ cation Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, sends us a few samples of excellent typography, for which we have nothing but words of praise. They show excellent treatment. M. W. Pershing, proprietor Tipton Advocate, Tipton, Indiana, sends us a copy of his Fourth of July issue. It has the American flag on the first page printed in colors. The paper presents a neat as well as healthy appearance. The ads. are very good. J. A. Hood, foreman of the Times, Trenton, New Jersey, was awarded first prize of $10,. offered by the Printer and Bookmaker, in a letter-head competition. The heading was effectively displayed, correctly whited out, and a good example of balance and finish. H. A. Barnes, with Pusey & Troxell, New York.— Both of your folders are very artistic, properly ornamented; presswork in proper and appropriate shades for church work. The Stationery Bulletin issued by your firm is very neat, and as an advertising scheme should prove a trade- getter. J. P., Boston, Massachusetts. — The card of David F. Silbert is very good, but at the right-hand side it has a ragged appearance, which always hinders a good balance. The card was difficult to manage, on account of the peculiar wording, and we cannot see how you could do much better with it than you did. C. H. Palmer, with the Sun Printing House, Clay Center, Nebraska. — Your composition is of a high order, and shows that you understand forceful display, proper whiting out, balance and finish. The letter-head of your firm is an excellent piece of work. The blotters are very good, especially the St. Patrick and new year blotters. J. Edward Affolter, Shakopee, Minnesota. — The cata¬ logue of Coral Stoves is very creditable indeed. The cover is in good taste, well balanced and correctly whited out. There is one elusive point in the introductory page. The border around the initial letter “ I ” throws the letter so far away from the rest of the word as to make it exceedingly objectionable. F. W. Lynes, manager Advertisers’ Printing Company, Buffalo, New York. — The blotters are very artistic. The stationery is also excellent. The same can be said for the cards with but two exceptions. The Robinson card is too crowded and the type used for the secondary portions of reading matter much too large. The plan of the card is most excellent. The card of R. D. Hanson, electrical con¬ tractor, is faulty because not enough prominence was accorded the line “Electrical Contractor.” W. T. McLain, Tipton, Indiana. — Your composition is neat and tasty, but there is trouble in the pressroom. Your colors are much too harsh. This is especially true in your tints, where type is printed over border worked in another color from that on the tint. Now it is an excellent plan to work these jobs in a systematic manner, or rather to the rule which we will explain. We will suppose that you are printing a tint-block in green. Make the. green very light, by taking out a piece ofimagnesia or gloss white on the ink slab and adding a sufficient quantity of the ink to give the desired shade. Now, it is always a safe plan to print the type in a darker shade of the same ink. This rule applies with equal force to colored stock. A dark blue will always look well printed on a light shade of blue, and so it goes all through the whole list of colors. Ferguson & Mayer, Jefferson City, Missouri.— Taking your samples as a whole, they are exceedingly neat, tasty and well balanced, together with admirable presswork. We see but two faults worth mentioning — the use of the Laurel border on the Monroe House note-head, and the lines of type set diagonally on the Globe note-head. From the G. W. Schloendorn Art Printing Company, 510 Lorain street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, comes an announcement that their trade is booming, which fact is typified by placing a “squib” fire-cracker on the folder and letting the powder slightly blacken and burn the stock. The fire-cracker is first glued to the stock and flattened out. The idea, we believe, is original. It is a good advertising scheme. J. T. Short, with Mysell-Rollins Company, 22 Clay street, San Francisco, California. — Your advertisement of Sospita Company is excellent, both from an artistic and practical standpoint. We reproduce it. No. 3, reduced. \ / ^ * ¥ ip P P. M P ■M zu Restoration or... Beautp invalid, and altogether the differen d vigor to the constitution; it purifies the blood and z \ No. 3. Now we think the ad. would have been just as effective had you omitted the light rule around the outside. Cer¬ tainly it could have been done in less time had you not used it. T. L. Turner, editor Martin Mail, Martin, Texas.— The Oak Leaf is well gotten up, the design of cover is very good, but the bronze ink used on the cover does not produce a good effect, there being not enough contrast. The ap¬ pearance of the inside could be made more effective by the use of good, plain initial letters at the commencement of articles having headings. Use 24-point Jenson for jmur initial letters. Your ads. are very good indeed. It is a 556 THE INLAND PRINTER. bad plan to use the same kind or face of border on ads. on the same page. This gives the page too much of a same¬ ness. W. F. Stahl, Lisbon, Iowa. — Your samples show that you are a careful reader of The Inland Printer. Your work is all well balanced and finished, showing proper and artistic treatment. One thing, however, we would call your attention to. Don’t use a heavy strip of border under a catch line, as is evidenced in the “ Burr-Oak Herd ” card. Henry D. Taft, with the Roanoke Press, River Head, New York, certainly understands the art of sixteenth century printing, as example No. 4 fully testifies. The Go to Wells’ Mammoth Bazaar for Books^ Sta¬ tionery^ Confectionery^ and Fancy and Staple Goods in the Greatest Variety O. O. Wells, Riverhead No. 4. greater part of Mr. Taft’s samples are on this order. Some of them, printed in two colors, black and red, on antique stock, and others in one color, show this class of printing to be thoroughly understood. Certainly they produce very striking, artistic and pleasing effects. A. F. Sargent, Tacoma, Washington. — Many thanks for suggestions and kind words. Your work is very excellent from a point of composition and exemplifies artistic ability, but the presswork is faulty. A little more impression and a trifle more ink is all that is necessary to make it first- class. The Jackson Quick Print Company, Waterbury, Con¬ necticut. — The little booklet, “What Pays,” designed to advertise your business, is a very excellent, artistic piece of work from all points of view. Your blotters take a place in the front rank among the best we have ever seen. The programme of the “Choristers” is also very fine. William Eskew, the Keystone Press, Portsmouth, Ohio, sends a large and varied package of commercial work of all kinds for review. The work as a whole reflects a great deal of credit, but we think the use of the two strips of heavy border above and below the panel on the bill-head of Fred Reininger is out of place ; also the border around the word “ Festival ” on the Y. M. I. card. This plan in stationery work detracts too much from the display. White space is of more value than a lot of border ornaments. The press- work on some of the specimens could be improved with the use of a trifle more ink. The impression is also too weak. In presswork the form must be given sufficient impression to cause the stock to take the ink. By this, it is not intended to “emboss” the job on the reverse side, but merely give enough impression to prevent the printing from having a gray appearance. F. Oldham, Montgomery, Alabama. — We were very much interested in looking over your catalogue, and say, without hesitation, that you deserve a great deal of credit for your work. We also appreciate the difficulties which you must have encountered. That you will succeed in business is certain. When one sees such examples of perseverance, energy and patience as we are satisfied you possess, it is a very healthy indication. We will be pleased to assist you at any time. ' G. A. Conden, Clinton, Illinois. With two exceptions, your work is very neat. The ornamentation on the sheriff’s note-head is out of place. Had the ornaments at the ends of line in “ De Witt County ” been omitted, also the ornament between “DeWitt” and “County,” it would have been all right. The other exception is the use of too heavy border, as well as too much of it, on the programme of De Witt County Teachers’ Institute. The latter plan detracts too much from the display. Harry E. Griffin, Maquoketa, Iowa. — Your work is all of an excellent character. The first page of the folder for the Woman’s Club banquet is very artistic, as are the other two folder pages. As regards the Hand & Trout letter¬ head, the only possible criticisms that could be made are that the business is a trifle weak, and the word “heating” in the panel should have been moved over flush with the words “Hot Water.” As for the job being “country” looking, that is not true. It is very neat. H. L. Carlisle, with the Pacific Press, Oakland, Califor¬ nia. — The ad. of the California Ink Company is a very nice, artistic piece of composition, and the only criticism we have to make on it is that we think you made a mistake in turning the strips of Flame border the wrong way. The letter-head of the Oakland Bottle Yard is neat and well balanced. The little booklet “ Nuts to Crack ” is an excellent piece of work and reflects much credit on the printer who did the compo¬ sition, and the pressman also. The last two pages are the most artistic. J. T. Alexander, with L. W. Lawrence, 89 Liberty street. New York. — The most artistic piece of work in your parcel is the “Greeting” of Smith & Thomson, which is due in a great measure to the most admirable presswork of Mr. Hemple. All the specimens were printed matter for the firm of Smith & Thomson. Mr. Ferd Coutieri did the com¬ position on the business card, envelope and bill-head, all of which are excellent. Mr. L. M. Guettrich designed and set a circular pertaining to Japanese copying paper, and a memorandum heading, both of which are excellent. The circular is a model of proper treatment and ornamentation. From the compositors of the Oakland Journal, Oakland, California, come some nicely designed and printed samples of H. Glauch, designer and artist in wash drawing and pen sketching. The work is of a high order and the grouping excellent. It seems that Mr. Glauch is also a job compositor and evidently understands his business, although we think the business card of the Journal a trifle too complicated. As regards the advertisements of the California Type Foundry, Nos. 1 and 3 are too intricate and have entirely too much rule and ornament work. No. 2 is the most prac¬ tical and best ad. The address, however, is a trifle too prominent. Lennis Brannon, with Billue & Brannon, Talladega, Alabama. — Your large and varied parcel of samples shows improvement. We are sorry we can refer to only a few of THE INLAND PRINTER. 557 your specimens. The specimens which are the best, and show excellent artistic treatment, are ; Covers of By-Laws for Loyal Lodge, K. of P., and Cleveland Lodge, C. M. A., and “ Soda or Cigar,” your firm blotter and the one for Talladega Springs, the folder for Isbell College, together with the bill-head and letter-head of Billue & Brannon. The bill-head is by far the most artistic, and is a very excel¬ lent piece of composition. The presswork by Mr. W. R. Brannon is very fine. B. S. McKiddy, of Princeton, Missouri, for whom we set a contrast to the “ Willow Bark” letter-head in the May number of The Inland Printer, writes: “Allow me to thank you for comment on a part of my work in the May number of The Inland Printer. The most valuable les¬ son I have ever had in jobwork was laid down to me in the No. 2 Willow Bark letter-head. That alone is worth (5) five years’ experience at the case, as I have learned both the value of ‘ white ’ space and the combination of ‘ black ’ and ‘light’ face type. That is a ‘black eye’ to rule and orna¬ ments with me.” We are pleased to know that the repro¬ duction and contrast helped you. The two samples which you submit now are of a much higher order than those pre¬ viously sent, and show conclusively that you have learned all you say. Both jobs are neat, well balanced and cor¬ rectly whited out. J. H. Prouty, Albany, New York, in a communication, says: “Kindly allow me to hand you a circular which you are at liberty to severely ‘kriticize.’ I never served a moment’s time to ‘ learn the trade’; what few useless points I make use of are wholly discarded by professionals. The omission of kapitals and useless punctuation is intentional, as I never observed that there was any law governing dis¬ play work — being more to catch the I than anything else. A complete revolution in the pressman’s line will appear as the curtain rises to announce the twentieth century.” The circular which Mr. Prouty refers to is a miserable attempt at color printing, and shows conclusively, both from point of composition and presswork, that Mr. Prouty told the plain, unvarnished truth when he stated that he “never served a moment’s time to learn the trade.” To be sure, there is no law to govern type display other than the law of common sense and reason. Mr. Prouty claims to discard all un¬ necessary capitals, and at the same time commences one paragraph with the word “recent” without capitaliza¬ tion, and in the next paragraph, beginning with the word “How,” he uses the capital “H.” “Consistency, thou art a jewel.” Evidently it would do no good to criticise this piece of work with the view of helping Mr. Prouty better his printing, to judge from the tone of his letter. HINTS FOR PRINTERS' ADS. Good printing is not necessarily high-priced. Cheap printing is not necessarily poor printing. Good printing is like good painting — it demands and obtains a second glance. The second glance leads to thought about and knowledge of the thing portrayed, and then on to the artist or advertiser. There’s only one kind of printing we don’t do. That’s the poor kind. That’s the kind you don’t want. But when you do want something that is neat, clean, right-up-to-date, printed on good paper, with fine ink, from type that is new, and of the very latest face, set in an artistic and intelligent manner — in short, when you want a strictly first-class job, just jingle our telephone. No. 410, or drop in at - , and make your wants known. — Printer's Ink. The monthly visits of The Inland Printer do much to reconcile me to the rapidly fleeting Father Time. — George C. Hicks, Berlin, Wisconsin. 5—5 PRINTING AND PUBLIQTY PROBLEMS. BY MUSGROVE. Herein will be criticised each month samples of printing intended tp make publicity for the users thereof. The samples will be criticised from the technical point of view of the printer and the advertising expert. All samples for this department should be marked MUSGROVE.” Blotters must go over for a month. I must clean up the left-over booklets of last month. We are going to have a profitable experience meeting next month. I have studied printing and publicity prob¬ lems a long time, I have been brought in contact with most of the great printers of the country, yet I never got so much real information of distinct value as is now coming to me through this experience meeting for September. I want the small job printer to tell me about his advertising for trade, and what methods he uses to gain trade. Let him answer these questions : What sort of advertising have you found to pay the best — blotters, folders, booklets, or specialties ? How much do you spend a year in advertising ? Do you plan it ahead or get out something as the inspiration comes ? Do pictures pay ? How do you distribute your advertis¬ ing ? What produced you the most returns ? (Send a sample of the thing, if you can, for possible reproduction.) Do you prepare advertising matter for your clients ? If I could I would write all the thousand or so job printers who do from $5,000 to $10,000 a year and ask them these ques¬ tions personally, but I cannot, hence I ask them this way. Do not be afraid of my getting too much material. If we get more than enough for September, we’ll save some for October and November, taking up different phases of the topic of advertising for printers. Anyhow, do not let the time roll by now without some answer from you to the fore¬ going questions. All of us are going to be mightily helped by what the other printers say. The other day I came across a man who had ideas — he was a printer. He showed me something he was about to publish that made me think. He called it a “Business Book.” He sent me some pages of it; they were printed in two colors, the same page in different combinations. He said : “ Tell me which of these combinations you think the best.” There were thirty combinations. I selected one that I thought the best and sent it back to him. He came to see me then. We had a long talk, and he showed me his book in proof. It was the best thing I ever saw or read. His “Business Book” told his clients and prospective clients all about his business. In some para¬ graphs he went into its history. But not a line of it was dry or prosy. Every bit of it was interlarded with bits of business wisdom tersely and epigrammatically told. He made a proposition to merchants about preparing their copy. He illustrated his booklet with clever drawings typical of his facilities. He showed how he could carry out his promises, and he talked in that straightforwarij, business-like way that made you believe in what he said. Next month, may be, I am going to reproduce a part of this man’s business book and tell you who he is so that you may get one. I want my printer readers to get one if they can, because I consider the little book one of the most business¬ like pieces of advertising done in a long time. While it is not absolutely essential to the procuring of orders that an advertiser should know the capacity of yoqr plant and how you conduct your business, yet I have never known an instance in which the knowledge that a printer had the facilities to do all he claimed prevented orders com¬ ing to him. The moral of this seems to me to be — Let advertisers know what you have to do with, that they may have confidence enough to let you do it. The Original Regan Printing House, 87-91 Ply¬ mouth place, Chicago, sends me a 6 by 9 pamphlet, “ Straight Talks.” Mr. Regan has gone to such a great deal of pains 558 THE INLAND PRINTER. to make this piece of work effective that he has rather over¬ done it, in my eyes. The cover is the best piece of work from a printer’s standpoint in it. The title-page has no symmetry, and is “blotchy.” The first law of ad. com¬ position should be, as in the making of a picture : Have a point on which the attention is to be concentrated and render every other portion of the ad. display subordinate to that. Mr. Regan’s compositor forgot that. Here’s the page: DO YOU SEE THE POINT ? Straight Calks FOR PEOPLE WHO WANT PRINTING DONE Title-Page of Circular, Reduced One-Half. The words “Do you see the point?” should have been left out, because they are meaningless. There is no point save the point of the arrow, and that arrow has no point — if I may be pardoned a pun. It has no right on the page at all. The ornament in the left-hand lower corner is stiff and falls entirely out of the composition of the page, as does the arrow. Mr. Regan would have done much better had he left out the arrow, the words above mentioned and the lower ornament, for then he would have had the concentration of the attention on the really important part — “Straight Talks for People Who Want Printing Done.” The last word is superfluous. The reading matter of the booklet has one good point under the caption “Always on Time,” in which Mr. Regan makes a strong point about the pro¬ verbial delinquency of printers in failing to keep their promises as to time of delivery. Mr. Regan is prompt — always on time. That is a good point. I knew a firm once who built up a good trade of $30,000 a year on their quick service and prompt delivery. Kountze Brothers, bankers, Broadway and Cedar street. New York City, send me a neat little book entitled “A Letter of Credit; What it is. What it does. How to get it.” It is small, of a size to go in the vest pocket. It is beautifully printed in two colors on heavy enameled paper. The contents is clear, interesting and complete in necessary detail. To the novice traveler this booklet is a distinct advantage and help, and as such is a splendid advertise¬ ment. If placed in the right hands it should mean a mate¬ rial accession of trade to its publishers. The booklet is from the press of Fleming, Schiller & Carnrick, 40 West Thirteenth street. New York City. Andrew J. Wegman, Rochester, New York, sends me a booklet, “ Profitable Printing. ” It is decidedly one of the best pieces of printing that I have received from an office outside of the larger cities, and up to the best. Here is some of the boiled-down experience : When you receive a letter from a man with whom you have never corre¬ sponded, you make a mental estimate of him by observing- the appearance of his stationery. When a firm with whom you have had no previous corre¬ spondence sends you a booklet or catalogue, you make your estimate of that firm in the same way. If the catalogue or booklet is poorly printed on cheap common paper, your opinion of the firm is correspondingly poor. If, on the contrary, it is well printed and tastefully gotten up, you will take the trouble to read because you will feel instinctively that the articles which it advertises must be worth something or they wouldn’t be worth the expense of such advertising. But do you ever consider that you and your goods are judged by other business men in precisely the same way — by the same standard — by your stationery and printed matter ? When the final word shall be said on the subject of dis¬ play, it will have for its fundamental idea that the keynote of an ad. is the phrase or word that describes the spirit of it to the best advantage. To know this at a glance will be the major part of the equipment of a successful ad. com¬ positor. Wendell & Smith, managers. Overbrook Farms, Phila¬ delphia, have been identified as directors of some of the largest real estate deals in this country. They make subur¬ ban towns, but not of the “ dollar-a-week free insurance, free transportation, free of taxes sort.” They buy large tracts of building sites and then proceed to turn them into suburban country seats. They cater to the wealthy and the well-to-do upper middle class. Recently they took hold of a suburb of Philadelphia called Overbrook. It was mainly a large pasture. They put in an underground sewerage sys¬ tem, electric lights, a steam-heating plant, a water supply. They built threescore of houses to sell from $1,800 to $6,500 apiece ; only a few of the latter. Their investment repre¬ sented nearly two millions of dollars. They advertised this venture by the means of booklets, pamphlets and folders. They sold a great deal of their property. They sent me the other day a little book of 16 pages, entitled “A Little Talk with the Homeseeker.” It is one of the handsomest pieces of real estate advertising I have ever seen. It is distinctive and thoroughly representative of the sort of business I imagine Wendell & Smith do. It has about it an air of exclusive richness that is entirely divorced from ostenta¬ tious display. It is printed throughout, cover and inside, on heavy, toned, enameled paper. The cover design is in a tone of green and terra-cotta pink, embossed. Inside, the printing is in two colors, photo-brown and olive-green. The pages are beautifully illustrated with vignetted half-tones from photographs and “wash” drawings. The letterpress is in keeping with the mechanical execution of the booklet. From the fore word — This is a little talk with those of the dwel¬ lers in houses who are looking- for more than a roof to shelter them, to the last line I can find nothing that does not chime with the general air of refined yet clever advertising construc¬ tion. Altogether Wendell & Smith have produced one of the cleverest real estate advertisements it has been my good THE INLAND PRINTER. 559 luck to see in many a day. Messrs. Edward Stern & Co., Inc., of 112 North Twelfth street, Philadelphia, were the printers of the booklet. They are to be congratulated upon the high quality of the mechanical work. R u Work Sh ity — often it is better than big capital. You can lose a million pushing a business people distrust. You can make a million pushing the business that the public has full confidence in. Have patience. Keep at it. Now FOR the experience meeting next month. If you want to say something, and I hope you do and will, get your contribution in once, and be sure to address me person¬ ally, care of the editorial office, else you may not get here in time. is a problem in most job offices. Not so with the Evening Telegram Printery. We have a large force of men at work all the time and can "rush" a job for you without any trouble. When you want work done quickly give the Evening Telegram Job Office a trial. Evening Telegram | I Stationery and Job Dep’t, | Fig. 1. The Evening Telegram, Superior, Wisconsin, sends me six ads. that it uses to advertise its job department. They are good ads. They make a point apiece and in the main are attractively displayed, although I would suggest that an occasional change of border would not be out of place. We reproduce two of them (Figs. 1 and 2). Have patience. Do not hope to get returns on your first batch of folders or booklets sent out. You are but making confidence with the first two or three appeals. Keep at it. Do no stop because you failed to get your money back at the first attempt. You are buying the good will, trust and confidence of the public. That is a marketable commod- NOTES AND QUERIES ON LITHOGRAPHY. BY EMANUEL F. WAGNER. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from lithographers, lithographic artists, and others interested. Indi¬ vidual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. Mark letters and samples plainly “ WAGNER.” Photography and Lithography. — Photography, the young bride, and lithography have been successfully united forever ; the fructifying embrace will yield a large and happy family, and the evidence of their success cannot be mis¬ taken. To Make Aluminum Plates Lie Flat. — For the flat bed press they can be gummed on the back, and then pulled through the press upon a slab of stone, causing them to adhere very well, as the clamping presents some difficulty as yet, the metal being rather brittle. Examples for Studious Lithographers. — The studious lithographer will have a chance to delve in books, prints, rare manuscripts, maps, photography, paintings, etc., when the second largest library in the United States will be finished, upon the old Reservoir site, at Forty-second street, New York. Lithographic Exhibits at Omaha, Nebraska. — Lithog¬ raphers with a progressive spirit should not lose the opportunity to exhibit their products at the Trans-Missis¬ sippi and International Exposition, to be held at Omaha from June to November, 1898. The Fine Arts section is going to be made as complete as possible. The Art of Lithography. — The art of lithography has two distinct directions ; in the pursuit of each, talent and genius can be fully exercised. One is for “Creative Intelli¬ gence,” the artist to draw his conception direct on stone; the other is for “Imitative Art,” to render the works of others faithfully and with as few printings as possible. The Transferer. — The transferer may claim a share in art also, for his duty is to multiply the original in such a way that it will not lose an iota of its value, make it a com¬ mercial success in printing, make the plate endure long runs, and above all not to shrink from the “ process,” as in the success of that lies the brilliant future of the business. Technical Schools for Appren¬ tices. — According to the Printing Times and Lithographer, the master printers of London have consented that their va¬ rious apprentices in the printing and lithographic trades attend the technical schools during part of the business hours. That is a true spirit of liberal¬ ity, tending to genuine progress, but can hardly be expected here in America ; the grind and crush is too great, as yet. Limited Material and Limited Time. — In litho-print¬ ing the greatest obstacle to be overcome is the tendency of the printer to stick to his old-time open work ; of course he is not a bit encouraged by the employer, who often exasperates 560 THE INLAND PRINTER. the man, and neither allows him time for deliberation nor furnishes the proper materials for his use. Give the litho- pr inter the same chance that his typo brother has had, and he will do the wonders that the latter has done. The Photo Camera’s Influence. — When the so-called “photographic craze” was at its height, some five years ago, many of the participants were then ignorant of the real importance that this study would have upon the tech¬ nical development of their trade. But now there is hardly a disciple of Senefelder’s to be found who does not also revere Daguerre’s art, and knows how intimately the two are connected in their mission of evolution. The Stone Age again at Hand. — In olden times the feeling of discontent must have run high when the inscrip¬ tion writers on stone were “laid off,” and the “papyrus” penmen began to handle history in an improved style. In turn these “artists” got it “in the neck” when the type printer put in his dignified appearance, and ruled everything in sight, even up to the present day. History repeats itself, however. ’Tis nip and tuck all the time. The lithog¬ rapher is coming to the fore now. The Passing of the Vignette and Portrait En¬ graver. — The vignette engraver, especially the portrait engraver, will soon be a thing of the past. The half-tone negative, developed upon sensitized asphaltum, transferred in conjunction with fine commercial engraving, prints admi¬ rably upon linen paper. This is also a field where type cannot excel lithography, on account of the durable, hard¬ surfaced paper which must be used for commercial work. The Litho-Steam Press Printer. — The litho-steam press printer, last but not least, is the man who must be encouraged today ; upon him hinges the bulk of success. We can produce nice originals on stone or aluminum, we can also transfer them well-nigh perfectly — but the print¬ ing, that backbone of the litho industry, must be strength¬ ened. Look at the type printers of today ; did anybody ever think it possible some years ago that they could do now what they do? To the litho printer — Brace up! Enterprise of the “ National Lithographer.” — Mr. Rich Norris, the esteemed editor and proprietor of the National Lithographer, is making arrangements to add four more pages to that well-known journal. In his capacity as a practical printer, Mr. Norris has traveled as an expert for an ink manufacturing house from one end of the land to the other, and it is safe to say that there is not a better known man, nor more congenial companion, in the trade today. We wish him continued success and more laurels. A Collection of Litho Cards as a Prize, — Who has the litho stone upon which the inventor of lithography made his first mark? Where is the impression obtaiped there¬ from ? For if the first book printed from movable type brought $20,000 at a recent sale in London, why should not rare old specimens of lithography bring good prices some day. I have a collection of business cards from lithograph¬ ing firms and offices, dating back to 1860 only, still I prize it highly, and will offer it as a prize to the engraver who sends in the best sample of his work in that line by Novem¬ ber 1 next. Chemical Changes in Litho Process. — In drawing or transferring it is principally the soap which undergoes through the etching a chemical change ; the soda contained in the soap becomes separated from its former constituents, the oleous and margarine acid, and forms a soda nitrate, which, being soluble in water, is afterward washed away. The new fatty acids, in combination with the oleaginous Substances formed of the tallow and wax by aid of the oleous acids formed through the etching, are insoluble in water and ordinary acids. They form a firm combination with the stone or metal plate and penetrate even below its surface. to a more or less extent, producing on stone a new chemical substance called sebacic lime. This then forms the print¬ ing face, and the change is distinctly visible. After wash¬ ing off all the ink, these places will appear lighter, but are considerably harder in texture than the stone. Inks for Printing Safety Tints.— J. W. F. & Sons write : “ Will you kindly give us information regarding inks for printing safety tints?” Answer. — Two kinds of ink are to be considered for this work. The first is a color which can be washed away entirely, being a pure water- color with glue or gelatin size, and is usually composed of color which dissolves easily in water, say : Dry color, 10 parts ; gum or glue, 4 parts ; glycerin, 4 parts ; water, 3 parts. To which is added more or less white, as the amount of color is reduced to make tints lighter. The best way to print is in letterpress, on account of the litho mode of damp¬ ing. The other is for litho use and cannot be easily erased without soiling the paper or causing a disagreeable change in the color of the ink : Take a good wash color, say cochi¬ neal, some of the anilines, indigo, carmine, saffron, etc., 30 parts; mix and grind with thin varnish (thinned in turpentine) ; then mix S parts castile soap with a little oil of lavender and gradually add to the color. (Reduce to proper shade with magnesia before adding soap.) Oxalic acid will remove writing, but will not obliterate this print¬ ing, and yet change it to such an extent that it will be instantly detected. Masters in Lithography. — When our characteristic American talent discovers the real merits of lithography for free and unhampered original productions of art works, there will be a genuine revival, an epoch-making renaissance in our art. The French have already sounded the keynote, and the result is that everywhere “artist lithographers” are maturing. The names of Dor^, Char let, Mounier, etc., have been creditably associated with lithography, and in our day such artists as Ch^ret, Mucha, Dufon, Toulouse- Latrec, Grasset and others have made themselves conspicu¬ ous through this medium; in England the “ Fitzroy Pic¬ tures ” are creating a sensation and fame for their author ; in Germany H. Thoma, Pidoll, Steinhausen, etc., are doing wonders for this revival, and here we have had such men as H. A. Thomas, Matt Morgan, T. A. Li^bler, F. H. Lindner, Sarony, Riminauski, Fabronius, but all of the old school. The real strong men of today are engaged in “black and white” upon the various newspapers and magazines, and their influence will soon be felt when they understand the medium of the litho press for original work ; or, better said, when the litho press, with its simplified printing plates, has placed itself at the disposal of modern art, and extends the proper invitation to American talent and genius. Lithography Only at the Threshold of Its Devel¬ opment. — “In the bosom of lithography slumber as j'et many hidden forces similar to the powers that have laid dormant for three centuries in the typographic art. Qual¬ itative as well as quantitative lithography has not yet reached its limit, even if it now has at its disposal construct¬ ive means which no other printing method is possessed of — even if it now has apparently resources for the creation of its product which are not at the disposal of any other reproductive method, it is certain that this art has not, so far, surrendered, either artistically or mechanically, the wealth of its possibilities. From the hands of the fine arts, as well as from the mechanico-chemical sciences, lithography has to receive much more yet than it has thus far obtained. Photography, this effective and valuable adjunct to the printing arts, has as yet come too little under its control. Many signs indicate, and I am, therefore, of the firm opinion that lithography and its peculiar method of printing have a great deal to expect from the future, and that the invention of Senefelder still stands only at the threshold of its devel- THE INLAND PRINTER. 561 opment.” — Georg Fritz, author of Handbuch Der Litho- graphie und Steindruckes, Director of the Royal Printing Estabtishment, Vienna, and the greatest living authority on the subject. The Principle of LiIthography. — The transfer embod¬ ies the real principle of lithography, for every sort of stone or metal, provided it does not possess a high state of glassy polish or extreme condensation of texture ; possesses the qual¬ ity of absorbing grease as well as water, and allowing these to penetrate more or less below its surface. Where the TlEROCIfS’ER ARTS^ CRAFTS SOCIETY EXHIBITION CATALOGVE W COLLECTION OF M. JAPANESE PRINTS AND MODERN FRENCH POSTERS,204 CVTLER BLD'G.WEEKOF MAY24 ^ MDCCCXCVII 0 water has lodged the grease finds no hold, and vice versa ; but to make a practical printing plate of stone or metal, suitable for long runs, a third chemical principle is called in — etching. An inorganic acid, as nitric, sulphuric, muriatic, phosphoric, fluoric, etc., in combination with an organic product, as gum arabic, fills the bill. The ink and crayons for drawing and transferring to stone, etc., are composed mainly of soap, tallow, wax, resin and lamp¬ black (the latter for no other purpose than to gauge the degree of strength of the former) ; by a very high temperature these substances are fused completely. This is what Sene¬ felder discovered in 1798. Notes on Progress.— W. F. Powers & Co., lithog¬ raphers, is one of the junior establishments in New York. It has existed only about six months, but the strides this energetic young firm has already made are wonderful. Here the “ combination sheet ” is brought out to the fullest extent as a means to obtain quick results, and what other firms give up as a profitless task is turned into money by this firm. Modern methods, coupled with exact figuring and ingenuity, combined with taste, are evident here. I remem¬ ber only one instance in the history of lithography in New York where they have been excelled, and that was by Sackett, Wilhelms & Betzig (now Sackett & Wilhelms Lithographing Company). About a dozen years ago, they also started out with simple commercial work, but quickly branched out, embracing all fields of art printing, and are now at the top. A noteworthy and very suggestive fact nowadays is that all up-to-date establishments in the printing line are adding, if they do not already possess, either a typo or litho plant to their respective concerns, and find them valuable auxil¬ iaries, too. Many have built extensive photo studios in addition to the above-mentioned plants, but the writer would not advise a small firm to do that, as there are many photo establishments which make a specialty of furnishing A 1 half-tone or line work, on stone or metal plates, to anyone who wishes them, and at low rates. The unbiased observer cannot help noting the significance of the fact in this progressive era. The half-tone on aluminum is a com¬ plete success, lithographically, in New York. The plate does not smear or tint, and it is impossible to knock it off with the roller, no matter how you may try. No grinding is required after work is done ; wash off the old work with acid and the plate is ready for a new transfer. And the number of impressions it yields — you can’t feed it fast enough. The press used is only one-third the size of the old flat bed, but it is built more on the sky-scraper order. THE NEW EDITORIA AT INTERLACHEN. The committee appointed by the National Editorial Association to arrange for the new Editorial Home has met with unexpected but gratifying success. A canvas of the sites has resulted in the selection of Inter- lachen, Florida, in Putnam County, not far from Palatka and the St. Johns river, and about thirty-five miles from St. Augustine. This is in the beautiful lake region of central Florida and is easily reached by railroads from any direction. With a generosity second only to that which prompted Childs in his great gift to the printers, a citizen of Interlachen and his wife (Mr. and Mrs. H. G. Hastings) have tendered to the committee as a gift to the association the Hotel Interlachen, together with over four hundred acres of orange grove property, in all amounting to fully $25,000. The hotel is a commodious structure and will make, with its surroundings of natural beauty, an ideal place for recuper¬ ation and recreation. The ten thousand or more of editors in the National Editorial Association are thus secured a rendezvous in the heart of the most delightful country of the South and within easy reach of the principal publishing centers. The intention is to make it primarily a resort for active newspaper men where they can find opportunity for short rest and enjoyment, and where those who wish may < own lots and build homes. Worn-out newspaper men, also, will find here, as do the printers at Colorado Springs, a retreat among friends and congenial company. Among other projects, it is planned to bring together once a year — from Franklin’s birthday (January 17) to April 1 — an assembly of editors, newspaper publishers and writers to exchange views and spend a pleasurable time in recreation. Members will come and go during this the period of this assembly as their interests demand. This plan for a home which is thus beginning to take on material semblance is the outcome of a suggestion made by B. B. Herbert, editor of the National Printer-fournalist, as far back as 1884, and its success is largely due to his activity and that of Mr. W. E. Pabor in its behalf. Under the able supervision of the committee, what seemed to many an ideal now promises to become a factor in promoting the welfare and camaraderie of the entire newspaper fraternity. An organization is to be incorporated under the laws of Florida, and will be known as the Editoria Company for a National Editorial Resort and Home. It will be managed by a board of control made up of seven members of the association. The home will be opened this coming winter on Franklin’s birthday, January 17. Mr. W. E. Pabor has been elected resident manager, and is now permanently on the grounds. 562 THE INLAND PRINTER. POSTER-LORE, AND THE NEWER MOVEMENTS. CONDUCTED BY PERCIVAL POLLARD. All specimens submitted for criticism, and all correspondence on this head, should be addressed personally to the writer, in care of this office. Designs intended for reproduction must be mailed flat, or properly pro¬ tected by tube if rolled. “It is a difference of opinion,” as Pudd’nhead Wilson remarked, “that makes horse races, and I hold no subject worth while that has not a for and against.” So I cheerfully reproduce here some delightful, though dissenting, remarks that Mr. Ambrose Bierce lately made in his column of “ Prattle ” in the Sunday issue of the San Francisco Examiner. After noting the appear¬ ance of this new department in The Inland Printer, Mr. Bierce pro¬ ceeds to smile at the adoration of the poster, affirming it to be made of “ the same enthusiasm that inspires the Hindu man and brother when contem¬ plating the ligneous virtues and hewn pulchritude of the Idol of Hope and Slaughter. I don’t care to affirm an equality between these two objects of worship; the poster is incomparably superior, in that it lends itself to the art of the collector, and thereby invites an affection that is not necessarily an element of worship. Whatever one can collect one can learn to love with a warm and tender regard which deity, even of one’s own facture, does not always inspire. I once knew a collector of champagne corks, each of which A German Book-Cover by M. Slevogt. he duly labeled with the date of its popping, and such other particulars of its history as he could ascertain. He had a bushel, and I am persuaded that his relations with each unit of the lot had something of the charm and ten¬ derness of an intrigue. I dare say that in the secret soul of him my friend Pollard cherishes for the purple blondes and yellow brunettes of his collection , a sentiment that ought to land him in the divorce court. ... As for me, 1 feel as yet no call to go forward to the anxious seat, but with a wicked and stiff-necked perversity propose to continue in my state of sin, regarding the poster with contumelious irreverence. . . . .” Some strong, artistic paper covers for books are coming from the presses of the Miinich publishers. I have a design by M. Slevogt, done as far back as 189S, that is worth notice, so it is given in black reduction here. It is for a A Book-Cover by F. A. Nankivell. novel, “ Eine Leidenschaft,” by Vosmeer de Spie, and is put out by A. Langen. It is chiefly in reds and dark blues. A woman’s head in a win- . dow frame — the head, flesh with yellow lights ; the hair red ; a dash of scarlet comes from an urn below, and yellowish red smoke enwraps the male figure to the left. An exhibition of the artistic works of Alphonse Mucha was lately held at the Salon des Cent, in Paris. A VERY neat series of calendars, in card form, is being issued by a Cin¬ cinnati lithographing firm, from designs by H. L. Bridwell and F. Butler. The two sketches by Ethel Reed shown in the current are by no means up to her mark. Her backgrounds, so much in the texture of faded tapestries or dirty mirrors, begin to weary somewhat, and the impres¬ sionism of “The Vision” is mere inexpressive jumbling. Three bookplates designed by Mr. Patten Wilson are shown in the thirteenth volume of the Tellotu Book, now current. They are plates done for Egerton Clairmonte, S. Carey Curtis and H. B. Marriott Watson. Mr. Watson Is esteemed as the author of the “ Galloping Dick ” stories and much other good literature. Mr. Wilson has chosen the armorial sort of designing in these cases, although in the Watson plate there is much also of the sym¬ bolical. These plates are decidedly the most noteworthy of the art contribu¬ tions in the volume. The handsomest paper cover that an American book has. yet borne, to my mind, is by Mr. F. A. Nankivell. I hope I may be believed if I say I think I can free myself utterly from personal interest in this. Were this cover for “ Dreams of Today ” for a book by my dearest enemy, I would still hold to the first sentence of this paragraph. There has been some controversy over this design. Other finely artistic things in America have suffered similarly. New York booksellers have attempted boycott of this cover. But I think the public will commend the attempt to cut for American books as artistic clothes as Jules Cheret and A. Steinlen do for French volumes. The best argument for the cover is to reproduce it, as is done here and now. Of course, in the black much is lost, but there is at least a fair hint. The margin, the broken columns and the grasses are in several shades of sage ; the moon and the hair is brick-red, the body flesh-tinted ; the sky is blue, as is all the lettering and the outline work; the birds’ wings are gold; the stars and the woman’s veiling are white. The entire composition symbol¬ izes the title : the woman waking, and the fabled dream-birds of Japan. That Chicago should have published this cover seems matter for congratu- INASMUCH as it was through the columns of The Inland Printer, a year or two ago, that the powers of Mr. John Sloan as a designer in black-and- white were first proclaimed to any forcible extent, it is not unfitting that I THE INLAND PRINTER. 563 should here present an orig-inal portrait of Mr. Sloan that he himself has been good enough to execute for me. Mr. Sloan is a Philadelphian, but is young. Since Moods died I have not seen much of this artist’s work, but the fortunate ones possessing the few volumes of that quarterly possess, in those pages, some admirable specimens of Mr. Sloan’s designing. Person¬ ally, I must count the title-page Mr. Sloan did for a book called “ Cape of Storms ” a thing to be eminently grateful for. I hope to see more of this artist’s work. The poster for Mr. Humphrey, by Miss Stowell, has been reproduced in colors by Les Maitres de I’Afficke in Paris. For the English periodical. The Artist, there is a new poster, effective in its simplicity, that we append here in reduction. For the international review, L’Aube, of Paris, tjiere is a poster by Marcel Lenoir, of which we here show a small black-and-white. A CURIOUS and notable change is come to Truth, in which weekly some excellent black-and-white and color work has appeared in time past. It is now a monthly. From the press of Fr. Ackermann, in Weinheim, comes a five-act play, “ Spring’s Blossoms ” (Friihlingsreif), by Gottfried Lutter. It is a drama of the somber sort, akin to Sudermann’s “ Sodom’s End,” and teaches a very modern sort of lesson, though obviously unfitted for stage presentation. Among 1897 theatrical posters, of American workmanship, that have been worthy of attention from an artistic standpoint are a three-sheet for Bamum & Bailey, by Edward Potthast ; a three-sheet for Mr. Beerbohm Tree, by H. L. Bridwell; three-sheets for Koster & Bial, by F. Butler and H. L. Bridwell ; a three-sheet for “ A Fool of Fortune,” by F. Butler and H. L. Bridwell ; a three-sheet and a twenty-eight-sheet for the “ Manda¬ rin,” by H. L. Bridwell, all from the Strobridge Company. One of the German artists prominent in the pages of Jugend is I. R. Witzel, whose activity in the designing of colored covers for paper books I wish to note here, by showing a facsimile, in black, of a design done for the Leipsic publishing house of E. Pierson. It shows a woman in white, with streaming yellow hair, against black tree-trunks. A large tree in the fore¬ ground is in blue, the name of the author, at top of the picture, is in red, as is the last word of the title, “Ulmenried”; the margin and ground color is The return from Paris of J. C. Leyendecker is worthy of record here. This young artist’s success is too well known to need much exploitation. From an appreciative article in the Chicago Post one learns that “ he confesses that his stay in Paris and his color studies there have served to strengthen his interest in poster and decorative art, and that he will no doubt do consid¬ erable in this field, wherein he has already achieved an enviable success.” Mr. Iveyendecker will probably remain in Chicago and resume illustrative work. A NEW book-cover design by Maynard Dixon, whose Lo-To-Kah poster I showed in June, deserves attention. It is for a book of tales by V. Z. Reed, “Tales of the Sun Land.” On a background of dull orange, a black human figure is shown with a club in one hand, a cup in the other ; and two disks, one black, one white, showing behind him. The entire design is sym¬ bolic, the disks meaning, to the Indians, Day and Night ; the club is War, A Book-Cover by I. R. Witzel. the cup, Races ; the figure is the Unknown Being presiding over them, from whose head and feet flow the tides of life. There is also a poster, in blacks and browns, for this volume, by the same artist. Mr. Dixon’s distinctively American treatment, and his decorative use of the American Indian, make his posters notable. It is curious to consider how much of what is really lasting in the black- and-white art of today is likely to prove toward posterity the only evidences of reputations that once were quoted as high as Senior Wranglers. As I look over the work of such men as Phil Maj^, Raven-Hill, Max Beerbohm and S. H. Sime in England, and Lbandre in Prance, it occurs to me that fifty years from now the only actual claim to public memory that many of the present subjects of those pencils will have will be the fact of having been so perpetuated in black-and-white. A reputation is a brittle thing, but a really good caricature has staying qualities. Many a statesman, or writer, or actor, now of familiar name to us all, wiU, I venture to believe, pass utterly out of human ken or care, and posterity will know of him only that a certain clever artist limned him in black-and-white. Remembering this, I wonder that more American music-hall performers do not choose to have An English Poster. A French Magazine Cover. By M. Lenoir. leArtist 564 THE INLAND PRINTER. reputable artists do posters of themselves ; I am sure that in no other way are they likely to be known when their activity has ceased. Many a Cheret, a Steinlen, a Mucha poster will make history of cafd chantant favorites. About once a quarter-year a well-known New York newspaper artist absents himself from his work, likewise his home, for the space of two or three days. He is such a hard worker, however, that his managing editor has grown to overlook these lapses without much parleying. The other day the artist had come in after one of these periods, when the managing editor called him. “What kept you away?” was asked. The artist spoke up with a most solemn face: “I had a terrible attack of neuralgia,” he said, and then added, after a serious pause, “ My wife says if I have another one like it she’ll leave me.” Poster Design by Will H. Drake. In Germany, to judge from the advertising columns of some of the papers, the demand for posters exceeds the supply. Several printing houses advertise, asking artists to submit poster designs. Curious, too, as showing the commercial lines most alive to the advantages of artistic adver¬ tising, are the subjects mentioned in the requests to artists. One firm in Leipsic desires designs advertising bicycles and liquors. Another offers a wider field. Coffee, chocolate, cocoa, cigarettes, cognac, liquors, electric lighting, bicycles, beef extract, gas burners, mineral water, ink and tooth powder — all these demand posters. American artists desiring the names of the firms asking for poster designs in Germany can obtain them from the writer of these notes. In various times and places I have been glad to say complimentary things about Mr. F. A. Nankivell, his posters and his linework. My opinion of his work is even better than any I have yet expressed. But that does not prevent my being open-eyed to some of the man’s personal traits. I find, for instance, that when the weather is hot he has been known to look on beer when froth was blowing; and that he is a member of some secret clan, his allegiance to which he proclaims by wearing neckties initialed “ B. B.” Cynics have told me that these initials merely stand for a firm of genial Israelites who sell scarfs on Broadway. But I scorn that explanation. And as a matter of disenchantment I present the sketch of Mr. Nankivell that Mr. L. M. Glackens, of the New York Journal, lately did, and that is here first printed. A MOST flagrant case of appropriating famous French posters for Amer¬ ican use is that of a Cash Register concern, with offices on Broadway, New York, and Madison street, Chicago. Posters by Cheret, Vallaton, Grasset, Pal, Meunier and many other well-known artists are constantly used by these people with their own lettering substituted for the original wording on the French designs. As the posters are nearly all of them well-known designs, this is such flagrant robbery, and so obvious to all poster collectors, that one wonders if the general public will not gradually grow aware of the fraud. To the uninitiated these showy posters look like great enterprise ; to those who know that they are old posters, paid for by other people, and calmly used by this concern, the whole process spells something very dif- ferent. In Scribner's Magazine there has been appearing a series of illustrations on London by C. D. Gibson, the brief letterpress being also his. In one number there was a full-page sketch labeled “Outside Morley’s.” It is a street scene, with an omnibus strong in the foreground. The artist has not. however, caught the typically London note with such distinctness as to put the sketch beyond criticism. So it happened that two other artists were overheard by me the other day disputing about this drawing. The one declared it was faithfully characteristic, typical. The other said it might be any old place. “ But I tell you,” declared Gibson’s protagonist, “ it simply couldn’t be anywhere else but London. London’s the only place they have an omnibus like that.” “Oh, you’re mistaken,” said the other, “you’ll find plenty of them on the Continent.” “Well,” finally declared the defender of his faith, desperately, and in the voice of a man barring all further argument, “at any rate there’s no other ’buses would have ‘Piccadilly’ on ’em !” Which is true, but scarcely the kind of proof Mr. Gibson would admire. For my part, I must say that the sketch of fashionables labeled “ In Bond Street,” in the same article, might as well have been labeled “Fifth Avenue,” for any note of the British type it contains. THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE FAIR. HE American Institute is planning to give its sixty- sixth annual exhibition, known to the world as the American Institute Fair, at the Madison Square Gar¬ den, New York City, beginning September 20 next and con¬ tinuing till November 3. Its first exhibition was given at Masonic Hall, corner of Pearl street and Broadway, in 1828, since which time it has gradually outgrown various larger quarters, till now the vast amphitheater of the Madison Square Garden, with its 30,000 square feet for exhibition purposes, is none too large to accommodate those who seek to acquaint the public with their specialties and secure the benefit, for mercan¬ tile purposes, of its prizes and awards. The benefit to be derived from this fair in the way of diffusing a knowledge of any new invention or production can readily be seen when one considers the thousands of merchants, buyers and travelers who are constantly visiting New York, and especially at this season of the year. This year, on account of the efforts of the “ Merchants’ Association of New York” to attract dealers from all parts of the country by getting for them special rates on railroads, the advantages to the exhibitor would seem to be more than usual. Mr. Alfred Chasseaud, general superintendent, has had so much expe¬ rience in promoting exhibitions of this kind that his ideas cannot fail to be of service to those contemplating dis¬ playing their product. It is to be regretted that those interests which depend upon the printer are not more generally represented. A few publications have sought to increase their circulation by doing the printing ” while you wait.” What their suc¬ cess was we do not know. The absence of many represen¬ tative manufacturers of printing machinery may be easily explained by their dependence upon printers, who remind us of the dramatic critic who could not go to the theater with his wife because he had to stay at home and write it up. THE ORIGIN OF THE POSTER. A young artist, says the New York Journal, whose ten¬ dency toward open-air effects was so strong that he always wore his shirt open at the neck, had painted a landscape that for fidelity to nature was almost as good as a photo¬ graph. It was a thing anyone could admire, which proved its great commercial value. Unfortunately, as the artist turned to wipe his brushes, an aged cow, dissatisfied with her faithful representation in the picture, swished her tail across the canvas, utterly commingling the colors. The artist was about to commit suicide when a friend approached him. Gazing at the canvas, the latter opened wide his eyes. Then he placed his hand solemnly on the artist’s shoulder. ” My boy,” he said, “ it’s the hit of your life.” The friend was a heavy advertiser, and thus the poster came into being. THE INLAND PRINTER. 565 PATENTS OF INTEREST TO PRINTERS. BY CHARLES M. CHAPMAN. Following- is an outline of the patents granted during the month of June The multicolor printing press of Fig. 1 is the invention of W. H. R. Toye, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who has assigned to himself, Robert P. Brown and Edward L. Bailey, of same place. The improvements in this machine are of a character to perfect its operation and productions, and pro¬ vide a machine capable of exceptionally rapid work. W. H. R. Toye is also the inventor of the machine of Fig. 2, for polishing, brightening or glazing printed matter, thereby imparting to such matter a bright finish, removing surplus ink, and thoroughly rubbing into the paper recently printed matter. His machine is provided with rubbers working over the surface of the paper in different directions, first lightly and then progressively, more energetically. Assignment to the same parties. Fig. 3 shows a matrix-making machine, invented by Charles Sears, of Cleveland, Ohio. The severa.1 improvements relate to the dies mounted upon who has assigned to the Goss Printing Press Company, of same place. ■Various details tending to perfection are involved. Fig. 10 is a font of type covered by design patent granted Lawrence M. Jones and John L. Jones, of Kansas City, Missouri, the leading features being the jagged, lightning-like lines branching in various directions. Alexander J. Hood, of Muscoda, Wisconsin, has invented a device for attachment to any ordinary printing press, adapting said press to print in a variety of colors. Julius Wegel, of Leipsic, Germany, has improved upon rotary printing presses of the cylinder type. The printing cylinder is caused to rotate in first one and then the other direction, causing even distribution of impres¬ sion. This operation and arrangement also increases the capacity of the machine. Other objects are secured bj' improved devices. Jerome B. Bell, of Wilmington, Delaware, has invented a hand-operated lead cutter, particularly adapted to trim the slugs of linotype machines. Joseph Spillinger, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has invented a print¬ ing device for paper-roll holders, calculated to be inexpensive, automatic in its operation, readily applied to any construction of holder without necessi- the type bars, mechanism for actuating said dies, mechanism for imparting a differential feed movement to the carriage, mechanism for facilitating the justification of the matrix line, and mechanism for clamping the matrix blocks to the carriage when they are receiving the impression of the dies. Other details are involved. Fig. 4 is a sheet-piling attachment for platen presses, being the invention of Jacob Gottlieb, of Cumberland, Maryland. The device is quite simple and inexpensive, and piles regularly and evenly in readiness for cutting or trimming. The typecasting and composing machine of Fig. 5 is the invention of Frank Amos Johnson, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who has assigned to the Tachytype Manufacturing Company, of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Some of the features of this machine are capable of being applied to matrix¬ making machines, linotype machines and typewriting machines. The matrix-making machine of Fig. 6 is also the invention of Frank Amos Johnson, he having also assigned to the same company ; and the type¬ setting machines of Figs. 7 and 8 are also Mr. Johnson’s inventions, these latter machines, however, being assigned to the Johnson Type.setter Com¬ pany, of Portland, Maine. Fig. 9 shows the delivery apparatus of a printing press with the counting mechanism applied thereto, invented by Samuel G. Goss, of Chicago, Illinois, tating material change. The inking device is also improved, the flow being regulated and cut off at will, avoiding leakage. Henry D. Swift and Daniel Wheeler Swift, of Worcester, Massachusetts, have improved the feeding mechanism of a rotary, single-sheet priiiting press. William R. Toye, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has improved upon multicolor printing presses to the extent of doing away with the curved type forms. He has assigned to himself, Robert P. Brown and Edward L. Bailey, of same place. Walter Scott, of Plainfield, New Jersey, has invented improvements in delivery and folding apparatus for printing machines, and also improve¬ ments in bed-motions for cylinder printing machines, the same forming the subject of tyvo separate patents. Julius G. Hocke, of Bayonne, New Jersey, has made improvements in printing apparatus for bills and receipts, the machine printing the proper character upon a shipping receipt and at the same time a sep¬ arate check or ticket with duplicate characters of those upon the shipping receipt. Murray Hinckley Spear, of London, England, assignor to the Lamson Paragon Supply Company, Limited, of same place, has invented a number¬ ing machine intended for numbering upon a continuous sheet which is 566 THE INLAND PRINTER. afterward cut into sheets. The apparatus is capable of being- used apart from a printing machine. Various improvements have been made in typesetter cases for type¬ setting machines, by Louis Kossuth Johnson and Abbot Augustus Low, of Brooklyn, New York, assignors to the Alden Type Machine Company, of New York City. Their machines involve simple means for attaining the desired function and form the subject matter of three different patents. BOOKS, BROCHURES AND PERIODICALS. In this department special attention will be paid to all publications dealing entirely or in part with the art of printing and the industries associated therewith. While space will be given for expressions of opinion on books or papers of general interest which may be submit¬ ted for that purpose, contributors will please remember that this col¬ umn is intended in the main for reviews of technical publications. The address of publisher, places on sale, and prices should be inclosed in all publications sent for review. The Review of Reviews is hereafter to be known as the American Monthly Review of Reviews, the old title having been added to the new as an appendix that can later be readily dropped. Thk Ad- Writer, “ published for the writers of Business English,” published in St. Louis, Missouri, by the Ad- Writer Company, is a sprightly monthly that has won favor among many advertisers. H. H. Paramore is the editor. We are indebted to Mrs. T. Vernette Morse, of the Cen¬ tral Art Association, and editor of Arts for America, Chicago, for the use of photographs of the Indian paintings of Mr. E, A. Burbank, half-tone reproductions of which appear in this issue. President McKinley’s Cuban policy has revived the flagging interest in Cuban affairs, and the publisher of Mr. Richard Harding Davis’ “Cuba in War Time” states this to be the reason which has made a new edition of the book necessary. Conan Doyle’s new story, “The Tragedy of Korosko,” is being advertised, says the Literary Review, in the street cars of Boston as the adventures of two Boston women and a Harvard graduate. It is said that in his early days Conan Doyle had a hard experience in marketing his wares. His first story was refused by eleven publishers, and he only received $125 from the twelfth. The Furniture fournal, of Rockford, Illinois, has liter¬ ally blossomed out in its midsummer number. It wears a cover printed in tints of green and red and ornamented with roses and butterflies. It contains an unusual number of advertisements, some forty-seven pages in all, many of them in two colors, and attractive in their composition. The entire body of the advertising is placed in the back part of the book. Magazines devoted to popular subjects, neatly printed, and sold at a low price, are bound to secure large subscrip¬ tion lists if the business management is adequate to the field. It is on this basis that Mr. D. J. Thomas, business manager of How to Grow Flowers, is able to point to a circulation of over 50,000 copies in less than a year from the time the paper was begun. Springfield, Ohio, is the home of this lusty monthly, which Mr. Thomas has arranged to place on sale at all newsdealers throughout the United States and Canada. Dodd, Mead & Co. announce a new and uniform edition of the works of Hamilton W. Mabie, each volume to contain a frontispiece in photogravure. They will publish in October a work entitled “American Book Clubs,” with accounts of all known publishing book clubs in America, and descriptions and collations of their various publica¬ tions, prepared by A. Growoll, managing editor of the Publishers' Weekly ; also the volume for 1897 of “American Book Prices Current,” They have in press “ The New Eng¬ land Primer,” edited by Paul Leicester Ford. The volume will contain transcripts of title-pages, collations and descriptions of all known editions, with reproductions in facsimile of a large number of title-pages, illustrations and specimen pages of the text. In addition Mr. Ford has pre¬ pared a most interesting account of the origin and history of the “ Primer.” Volume I, Number 1, of the New Time appeared in July. It is a radical reform monthly magazine, published by Charles H. Kerr & Co., of Chicago. The editorial man¬ agement is in the hands of B. O. Flower, who achieved a national reputation as editor of the Arena, and Frederick Upham Adams, formerly editor of New Occasions. It makes a book of sixty pages, entirely machine set. The cover bears an attractively designed title printed in blue and silver. It is to be the exponent of free silver, government control and social democracy. The Boston Herald indulges in this little pleasantry at the expense of Mr. Stephen Crane, the novelist : “ A war cor¬ respondent who saw Stephen Crane at the battle of Velestino says he followed the young man up a steep hill enveloped in the smoke of battle, and watched the pale face of the intrepid novelist as he seated himself on an ammunition box, amid a shower of shells, and casually lighted a cigar¬ ette. This hasn’t been equaled for real bravery since Arte- mus Ward took up his lodgings in a powder magazine and picked his teeth with bayonets, just to show that he was willing to die for his countrj'.” The Literary Review, a monthly of belles-lettres, has not shone long in the firmament of literature and journalism, but makes up in brightness for its lack in years. The May number, among other interesting articles, has a continua¬ tion of Mr. Percival Pollard’s “Interviews with Publish¬ ers.” Mr. H. I. Kimball, who this time falls a victim to Mr. Pollard’s irresistible art, speaks out a little more freely than he otherwise would. At any rate, we cannot agree with all of his deductions in regard to Chicago as a pub¬ lishing center. The reviewer’s columns are extraordinarily spicy, and serve up the latest literary gossip about authors, books and periodicals. The Literary Review is printed in old style throughout, on handmade, deckle-edged paper. The new National Library was reorganized on July 1, when Mr. John Russell Young, of Philadelphia, was appointed librarian. Mr. Spofford, in a letter to the Presi¬ dent, refused to be considered for the new position because of his age and the responsibility that would attach to the librarianship of the new library. Mr. Young, however, who has been a lifelong friend of Mr. Spofford, has ten¬ dered the latter the post of assistant librarian at a salary of $4,000 per annum, so that a long record for eminent serv¬ ice that began some thirty-five years ago will not be broken. Printers and publishers will be interested to know that there is to be a superintendent of copyrights, with a salary of $3,000 per annum. This long-needed division in func¬ tions will doubtless greatly expedite the business of the copyright office, for which everybody will be duly grateful. Mr. Young is well known as a war correspondent and jour¬ nalist, and is the author of the work “Around the World with General Grant.” He was minister to China for a num¬ ber of yeaxs. Some Masters in Lithography. — Mr. Atherton Curtis has done a valuable service to the cause of lithography in “ Some Masters in Lithography,” just issued by D. Apple- ton & Company, in a limited edition of 750 copies. Lithog¬ raphy is making progress toward greater achievement in its technical field, but to this aspect of the art Mr. Curtis has no reference. It is to the masters, the great artists — their methods and their creative power — that he gives atten¬ tion. The representation that the artist receives from the medium of lithography is unlimited. “ Of all the methods by which prints can be made, lithography is the one best suited THE INLAND PRINTER. 567 for working- in masses, and consequently for working in values. Its scale of tones begins with the whitest paper and ends with the deepest black that printer’s ink can give. Between these two extremes every possible subdivision of tone is at the lithographer’s command.” The difference in the positions of the mere lithographer — the copier of designs or pictures, and the artist lithographer — whose works are evolved from his own consciousness, is marked. ‘‘ The question of the respective positions of a man who does original work and one who reproduces the work of others,” saj’s Mr. Curtis, “ is an old one, and I do not care to enter upon a discussion of it here, especially since there is nothing new to be said on the subject. ... I can¬ not consider a man who merely interprets the work of others worthy to be placed among the great names of art, any more than I can con¬ sider a translator in litera¬ ture the equal of a great cre¬ ative writer.” Lithography has appeared to be some¬ what difficult to learn, and possibly artists who have felt grieved at the inadequacy of photo-process to reproduce their work in its brilliancy may find satisfaction in the assurances of the faithfulness of the stone and its sympathy with the artist. “ The art is easily learned by anyone who has a knowledge of drawing.” A short sketch of Alois Senefelder, the inventor of lithography, is the opening chap¬ ter in the book, and then follow in order the names of the great lithographers selected by the author as worthy of con¬ sideration for reasons given in detail and not necessary to recount here. These are : Theodore Gdricault, Richard Parkes Bonington, James Duffield Harding, Eugfene Isabey, Alexandre Calome, Eugfene Delacroix, Honors Daumier, Nicolas Toussaint Charlet, Achille Dev4ria, Auguste Raffet, Gavarni. These are all treated of in a style so sympa¬ thetic, clear and comprehensive that the attention is pleas¬ antly interested. Beauties are pointed out that quicken and instruct the intelligence of the reader. The illustrations, of which there are twenty-two, from photogravure plates after representative lithographs, are mounted on boards, and are used skillfully to show the varying styles of the artists. ' The methods of drawing of the artists are touched on, and we reproduce one of these specimens, quoted by the author from De Goncourt’s Life, showing Gavarni’s method of drawing during his later years : “ We have watched him at work during many hours, for it was truly a miracle to see Gavarni cover a stone. It was as if the Genius of Drawing were at work. His hand resting upon a maul-stick and sus¬ pended over the stone placed upright upon the crosspiece of an easel, the lithographer, as if by hcizard, and with a crayon that seemed to be merely playing, threw off at first a few strokes, a few zigzag lines like the stripes of a zebra, with which he effaced the light and glossy surface of the stone. . . . The beginning of his drawing having been thus done with this confused, cloudy mass, his crayon turn¬ ing and rolling, brought out geometrical outlines, polj'gonal figures, squares like those on which Cambiaso incloses his sketches, though as yet nothing of the future drawing could be made out. Then these squares, circles and cubes being forced into shape, lost their undefined forms and their life¬ less lines to assume human proportions, becoming misty silhouettes of men and women, which came out more and more from the vague and wavy mass, each new stroke of the crayon giving them relief, light, precision in outline and clearness. He worked without sketches, without anything to aid his memory ; and his hand, after a while, as if seized with a fever, seemed to reproduce from Nature a model that came back to pose in his memory. So it was. He saw the people he drew. Did he not say to Morfere when he had finished a lithograph before him, ‘ There ! do you remem¬ ber ? ’ ‘ No,’ replied Morfere. ‘ What ! It is the man we saw, you know, on the quai de la Tournelle.' That was twenty years previously.” An appendix of technical explanations gives the uninitiated a clear idea of the general principles of the art. A list of prints and a bibliography are also given. Printed on handmade paper from old-style great primer, the book is a very attractive one. The binding is of brown buckram, stamped in black arabesque design, the lettering in gold. Price, $12 net. FOWLER’S PUBLICITY. By Nathaniel C. Fowler, Jr. 1016 pages, about 2,000 cuts and illustrations ; cloth. New York : Publicity Publishing Company, 1897. Advertising is now conceded to be one of the most com¬ plex of sciences, the depths of which even the experts have failed to fathom. It is as wide as human nature itself. It forms a constituent part of every successful business. The laws of social economy, the conditions of trade, the psy¬ chology of motives and of attention, the commercial study of language, the apt use of phrases, the pictorial arts, the resources of tj’pes and paper, of dress and address — this is a partial summary of what goes to make up the modern art of advertising. Could anything short of an encyclopedia or a thorough student be competent to treat this imposing theme ? Fortunately for the business world, an encyclopedia is now available, written by Mr. Nathaniel C. Fowler, the advertising expert, “ who knows whereof he speaks.” His work on “Building Business,” issued several years ago, which has proved such a useful and handy manual for advertisers, forms the foundation study for the new ency¬ clopedia. The same pithy, snappy style that marks all of Mr. Fowler’s utterances and that has created his “Fowlerisms” gives crispness to the new work. “ Fowler’s Publicity,” with its thousand large pages, is a ponderous tome, because it comprises “several shows combined in one.” Here is the Dictionary of Great Successes, in which all of the leading business houses of the country let out the secrets of trade and tell what forms of advertising have brought what kinds of success. Here is the Dictionary of Trades, with the most valuable hints drawn from lifelong experience on the best forms of publicity for each. Here is the Dictionary of Periodicals, telling what each one is like and what it is worth to the advertiser. All the forms of graphic arts that are desirable in the art annunciative of all arts are described in a popular yet accurate style and illustrated with suitable plates. Types, borders, orna¬ ments in a thousand different fashions, each with its own description, adorn the reading pages and form a compara¬ tive exhibit of typographical possibilities that is worth a serious study and invaluable to the bidder for public gaze. Here is the whole story, beginning with the earliest forms of Biblical publicity in the days of Noah’s Ark and ending with the Five Cent Counter of the Boulevard of Bargains. In short, the book contains about everything that is worth knowing in what is aptly called in the sub-title “The Public-Seeing Side of Business.” The presswork and typography is by the Barta Press, of Boston. The display type used in the specimens is furnished by the American Type Founders’ Company. The price is $15. The illustration is greatly enhanced in value when accompanied by suitable type display. Indeed, we may say type is the foundation of the advertisement — its body and soul — the illustration, the embellishment — that which in right hands greatly increases the attractiveness and value of the advertisement. — Profitable Advertising. Design by T. J. Alford, Boston, Mass. 568 THE INLAND PRINTER. Satanick Series 72 POINT 4A 5a $17 00 Builds 19 Rouses 60 POINT 4A 5 a $12 25 Htlantic 82 Storms (Winter Disaster 54 POINT 4A 5a $10 25 Grand Racing Bicycle July 24,Cuc8day 48 POINT 4A5a$7 75 proscribes 1 6 Surprised Delaware Christians 42 POINT 4 A 6 a $7 25 Outnumbere 32 )Mcnagmc8 fortunate Inventors ]VIadc only by the Hmerican Cype founders Company. Branches in all principal Cities. THE INLAND PRINTER. 569 Satanick Series September CwiUgbt Sxcureione Preachers 64 Camping 30 POINT 6A 10a $5 00 15A 50a $2 75 JVational Bank of Iowa was organized at Cedar Rapids, )VIa)>, 1872^^ I length, preferably eight hun- drea. Chey must be written on only one side of the paper and the name and address of the writer to accompany the same for publication. Brevity will be considered in all the awards. Che sum of $24,180.35 will be awarded as prizes and will not be given to anonymous writers,*l',*l',*?,*^ persons with bright thoughts and aspiring minds seem from the very earliest part of the 1 6th Century to haw been dissatisfied^^^^^ 6 POINT 15A 50a $2 50 18 POINT 8 A 25 a $4 00 ■ e have prsviouslp indicated in an article, published the aStb inst., our conviction that the present debased condition of the Hmerican stacfc is due chiefly to the c(rccd, ignorance, and incapacity of a large majority of the men who have established a virtual monopoly in the control of the theatre, and, temporarily at least, have put an end to com= petition. One of the greatest obstacles in the way of reform is the inability of those same men, for obvious reasons, to discern the trend of intelligent, to sa^ nothing of cultivated, public opinion, or to inform themselves of the craving for better entertainmeTit,>S,>?,*f ^hilc $20,483 is an exceptional price for a meal, even among the wcalthicet Hmcricans, there are a few who allow their dinner bills to reach the three- thousand-dollar point 10 A 35 a $3 25 10 POINT $3 00 HRLY to-morrow morning the tents will be folded and, like the Hrabs, the regiment will silent¬ ly steal away to town, where once again the garb of citizens will be resumed and the Ideal soldier life which 567 men have been living for the past week or ten days, will be at an end ^ ^ ^6Lief of the poor Is one of the man)? 1 themes of life with whleh the people of I a great city arc constantly brought face J to face. Like the people themselves, the question of their relief Is always with us, not In an obscure way but Insistently, demanding thought, awakening our s)?mpatbies, and Incit¬ ing us to action, Hbout 4678 men and women braver than the rest of us clevotc their lives In giving us the facts about the poor^^/l?^^^ Send orders to nearest Branch of the Hmerican C)?pc founders Company, Leaders of Cype fashions. 570 THE INLAND PRINTER. ^epics opr)iT)g onkroplatiobs 3 A 5 a $9 25 >pai«blir)^ apd ^rposipj Di^cpliscipepl 3 A 7 a $7 50 ^eponaats JDescend ^pacefally I i i jgjecitcd @iHzet)s ) ^cilHIades ^itpcss l^cpobal'ic ^ocippafpept ^v\§\)H\)zd 4ib 0oapI'T’V'^^O ....c/lMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY.... Boston, 150 Congress St. Nem) York, Rose and Duane Sts, Philadelphia, 606-614 Sansom Si. Baltimore, Frederick and Water Sts. Buffalo, 83-85 Ellicoit St. Pittsburgh, 323 Third A've. Cleveland, St. Clair and Ontario Sts. Cincinnati, 7-13 Longvoorth St. Chicago, 139-141 Monroe Si. Milvoaukee, 376 Milvoaukee St. St. Louis, Fourth and Elm Sis. Minneapolis, 24-26 First St., South Kansas City, 533-535 Delavoare St. Denver, 1616-1622 Blake St. San Francisco, 405-407 Sansome Si. Portland, Ore., Second and Stark Sts. Dallas, 256 Commerce St. London, E. C., 54 Farringdon Road Melbourne, Australia, 395 Flinders Lane Sydney, Australia, 37 Winyard Square Adelaide, South Australia, 69 Grenfell St. THE INLAND PRINTER. 571 OjYYlAAAAlXl/rV C>|/ Ijt/lyfcuxxl/ ^\}j\AXA/Y\jCy TyixirrLAAy|/ay^^ amxl/ ^^xx/tx/n/b (x^jayjaXuxiy fxvV Ekl^ tliXy Q/mytAy!XXiyyv S'CXWrulxAAy llmybb^cb J^baybt^, OxYri/tAyLCXl/ 24 Point Vertical Writing 7 A 22 a, $6.00 Other sizes of Vertical Writing are now in preparation and will soon be in stock and for sale at all Branches of the AmeHcan Type Founders^ Gompany. t5c5t5t5c5t5t5t5t5c5t5t5c5t5c5t§'§'S«Sc5t5t5ti5c5t5tf5t5t5t5t5t5t5'StS'5^rL, TTLo^u^., 5, I^^T- j£Po2b ^i/l: umIX {TyLiAx3pbuxX to o^ooL pLt PeA^ix^TiP ^c/uyjot, dx(2Dt^oixPL, caaX, corLit C/oAt C. J^^ Permytj oPLo^alodL iyTL tPrT. P Uy&Pbc .^cPvooP . At tPiA oooaX AT/axPay&-lA oorvdL PciTrv€lA<>oYL6 wAxtA/nx^ OotA 'joAxxxJxx^ePL. 3tu2 ^cAojat cSriteA umP£ uyyvdUMxAjAxPp^ i/tl tPa olOoAl |AxtAAiA Aa^joPoxX clP£ otAxA. <2cAy^Tt |oA/rrLtV?.a^ dlAocL. At ix otvoxIa |Ax>^rrL tPt Oo/mX. c^{XA 3apax.i oix>t Aixvrrb AoP 3Pa cLiK3^ixt ix 4xt i/YL 24- P otrvL (W^. 14, IS', 30, oi/rvcL 3b-P c3-iyrvt A^L^yX otl 'j^e^oxiAxotixvrL. IJxtWiX PxX/jaXx^t^uPAy, JA. C. jAxixnXXAo, 20 olI CL$b.OO THE INLAND PRINTER. 573 THE INLAND PRINTER. 575 THE TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION AT NASHVILLE. HE location of the Tennessee Centennial Exposition is an ideal one for many reasons, the first of which is that the beautiful park in which it is situated is but the central point in a vast and beautiful region of country which perpetuates for hundreds of miles the very beauties which in their improved form make the exposition park a place of delight to every visitor. The propri¬ etors of the park from whom the expo¬ sition company leased it had spent something over a hundred thousand dollars in beautifying the grounds and making the prettiest and most attract¬ ive race course in the country, and when the exposition was an accomplished fact these improvements were utilized almost without alteration. The consequence of this is that the grading and laying out of the expo¬ sition grounds was accomplished at a cost so small as to be almost incredible to those familiar with such work. As it is now there is a magnificent park of two hundred acres diversified with lakes and running stream, with a high hill rising at the back where the home of the “air-ship” surmounts the high¬ est point. Around the base of the hill runs a broad avenue known as Broad¬ way, and along this thoroughfare are located the most popular of the amuse¬ ment features of the exposition. The rest of “Vanity Fair,” as the amusement feature is called, is arranged in picturesque clusters about the base of the hill below the broader thoroughfare. The central point of the exposition is the Parthenon, the reproduction of the most famous of all structures, and the art gallery of the exposition. Situated on a slight emi¬ nence, in the exact center of the architectural scheme of the exposition, its surpassing beauty must be seen to be in any wise appreciated. All the details of the original are repro¬ duced, including the sculptures on the pediments and the metopes. Every measurement of the original has been care¬ fully studied by the architect, who, by the way, had given the Parthenon years of study before this reproduction, and not a line differs from the original in so far as the lines of the original have been determined by the studies of the best architects of all time. The collec¬ tion of pictures in the gallery is of a character to befit the splendid building meant to house them, aggregating over a million dollars and requiring to be insured for three-quarters of that sum. The other main buildings extend around the great central space in the form of an oval, the space between them and the Parthenon being for the most part devoted to flowers and shrubs. There are three buildings in this space, the History building, the Pyramid of Cheops and the Hygiene and Education building. The first of these, the History build¬ ing, is an exact reproduction of the Erectheon, a companion building of the Parthenon, and which was the same dis¬ tance from it on the original acropolis at Athens as in the reproduction here. It is devoted to the displays of an his¬ torical character which are far too valuable to be risked in anything but a fireproof building. The relics are sent by the women’s patriotic societies, the Daughters of the Amer¬ ican Revolution, the Colonial Dames, etc., and by the Con¬ federate Bivouacs, State Historical Society, and by private collectors. The value of its displays is simply incalculable. Portraits and personal belongings of the utmost value and interest are here from nearly every State east of the Missis¬ sippi river, and scores of the most prominent families in the country are represented. Conspicuous is the fine collection of the relics of the mound-builders. These comprise the best from a number of collections, notably the extensive collec¬ tion of Gen. G. P. Thurston, the author of a work on the mound-builders which is an accepted authority. The pyramid is the Memphis and Shelby County build¬ ing, and was chosen because the original stood at Memphis in Egypt. It stands by the Parthenon and shows all the gorgeous coloring of the original. The interior is filled with the exhibits from the city and county erecting the struc¬ ture. The third structure inside the open space is the Hygiene and Education building, which is devoted to two classes of exhibits, relating to the sub¬ jects included in the name. The dis¬ plays are full and varied. There is one thing about the educational displays at the exposition which is indicative of the progress of educational spirit in the State. It was at first proposed to locate the educational exhibits in the gallery of the Commerce building on the west side. The responses to the invitations to send exhibits were so general that it was evident that the space would be insufficient. Then the proposition to erect the building for education and hygiene jointly was made and the matter was considered settled. But it was not settled. The space was taken and more was wanted. The Children’s building 576 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE MEMPHIS BUILDING. The Rialto and Vanderbilt University in the Background. A BIT OF VANITY FAIR — THE CENTENNIAL MIDWAY. CHILDREN’S BUILDING. was given all exhibits below the col¬ lege grade and still the space was not sufficient. Then the original location, the west gallery of the Commerce building, was restored as an overflow exhibit, and here are some of the most attractive of the educational exhibits. In addition to these, the entire negro school exhibit is in the Negro building, the Shelby County exhibit in the pyr¬ amid and the Knoxville exhibit in the Knoxville building. This is a pretty good record for a State which has been criticised for its lack of educational interest. The Agriculture building, with its wealth of decorative effects and its wonderful variety of exhibits from Tennessee and other States from the South and West ; the great Commerce building, with its many products of the factories of the country, and its splendid foreign section ; the Trans¬ portation building, with its infinite variety of vehicles and fine cars ; the Railway Exhibit building, with its whole exposition in small compass, and its long train shed where the first train ever run in America is shown ; the Minerals and Forestry building, where the wealth of Tennessee’s nat¬ ural resources, mineral and forest, are made manifest, and where the woods and timbers and ores and stones of the South are placed on dress parade; Machinery hall, where the busy ma¬ chines make the music of industry all day, and turn the raw materials into things of beauty and use in the twin¬ kling of an eye ; the Negro building, the Children’s building, the Woman’s building and the Government building complete the chain that makes up the oval around the Parthenon. Most interesting is the Government building, because there may be seen the things which cannot be seen any¬ where outside of Washington, the work¬ ing exhibits of all the departments, which have a high educational value to every observer. The Post Office de¬ partment has an actual working office on the grounds, with its hourly col¬ lections and deliveries of mail ; its money order system, the boxes, and figures showing the costumes of letter carriers in all civilized countries. In the Treasury department are shown the processes of plate printing, coining money, besides the usual large exhibits of articles prepared by the department for exhibition. The Smithsonian In¬ stitution shows some remarkable col¬ lections in the various departments of scientific discovery and research. The War department shows its soldiers and accouterments ; its great guns and the method of their making; the uniforms and all the habiliments of war. The Navy department shows models of the war vessels of every class, masts and THE INLAND PRINTER. 577 parts of vessels, great lighthouses and the revolving lights, as well as the flags of the Navy and many other things of interest. The Agricultural department makes a particularly good display of fruits and vegetables in connection with their enemies, the ene¬ mies being in magnified form and very lifelike. The interest of the Fisheries bureau is maintained at the high stand¬ ard usual to this branch of the expo¬ sition work. The Woman’s building is in so many respects the most artistic on the grounds that it is well-nigh beyond the power of brief description. Six¬ teen rooms are filled with all that women have done in the arts and the sciences and in household work, and the exhibits are wonderful in variety and amazing in their uniform excel¬ lence. The rooms decorated and fur¬ nished by the various cities and coun¬ ties and States are so varied, and yet so uniformly artistic, that each is de¬ serving of special mention if any be noted in particular. New York and Georgia have rooms ; Chicago and Chattanooga are represented in the same way; Cheatham County has a model kitchen where lectures on cook¬ ing are daily given free; Sumner County furnishes a colonial bedroom and Maury County a colonial sitting room ; Murfreesboro and Rutherford County finished two rooms in red cedar, and they are occupied by relics of the three Presidents which Tennessee has furnished the Union. One room is filled with hundreds of the patented inventions of women ; one is devoted to the purposes of a salesroom ; one is an oriental room filled with articles from the far East ; in one the books written by women, to the number of several thousand, are gathered to¬ gether ; one room is given up to the laces made by the women of all nations ; one is used as the president’s parlor and secretary’s office ; the largest two rooms are used respectively as assembly room and applied arts room. The former was beautifully furnished by the Knox¬ ville women, and the latter is filled with thousands of specimens of the best work done by women in all the branches of art. The Children’s building is given up to displays that interest little ones, toys and dolls of every nation on earth, curios from all lands and school dis¬ plays from schools of lower grades. The dolls, curios and toys were gath¬ ered by enlisting the United States consuls in the work, and they sent many rare and curious things. The importance and value of the exposition lie in the really wonderful display which it makes of the resources of the southern section of the country, and particularly the vast amount of THE WOMAN’S BUILDING. GOURD HARBOR, FROM THE AUDITORIUM. 578 THE INLAND PRINTER. undeveloped wealth indicated by the displays from Ten¬ nessee in particular, and from Alabama, Georgia, Florida and from other States. To the Northern visitor nothing can be more wonderful than the astounding material wealth that lies only awaiting the hand of the capitalist to spring from the earth and make the country rich and prosperous. The vast beds of ores which are now only hinted at, and the extent of which is not even guessed at in most cases, forces home to every Northern visitor, and to every visitor from any section of the country, the convic¬ tion that the South must in the next few years become the richest and most prosperous part of the United States. There are several potent object lessons to the seeker of a new home. In a single building there are grouped the exhibits from the counties along a single line of road, the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis. It is a miniature exposition in itself and contains a greater display of mate¬ rial wealth than was ever before seen in any exposition ever held in the world. And yet the displays came from the States of Tennessee and Georgia almost without exception. In one pyramid is illustrated the fertility of the soil and its adaptability to all crops by a display of fifty different arti¬ cles, raised on a single farm of twenty-five acres, by a man who farms for a living. There is no important crop that is needed on the farm which is not shown in this suggestive pyramid. About the grounds are planted hundreds of thousands of flowers and plants, and there are something like two thousand trees, some of which are very large, and many of which would be considered great trees anywhere else. This makes the park peculiarly pleasant and beautiful. There is also a large tract of land devoted to an experi¬ mental farm, and here are little crops of the grains and grasses of Tennessee, the tobaccos and the cotton, and other plantation products which can be raised without too much trouble, as specimens of the growth attained on Tennessee soil. Attractive as these are, they are but a bit of the vast panorama that surrounds the exposition park. The same hills and rolling lands stretch away a hundred miles in every direction and form an extension of the park in which the exposition is located. This is the finest stock-raising country anywhere. On every side of the city may be seen the broad and fertile acres that raise the famous Tennessee blue grass and rival the richest portions of Kentucky. Indeed, as it becomes known, the middle section of Tennessee is establishing a reputation as the richest part of this whole region. This is one of the things which the exposition is intended to bring to the attention of the world. The State, the section and the whole South can but feel the effect of the increasing attendance on the exposition, and during the years succeeding its close this effect is expected to be more noticeable than it has ever been before. THE PRINTING ARTS EXHIBITS. The printing arts are not largely represented in the expo¬ sition, and there are but few exhibits that are especially interesting to printers. The leading local printers have interesting exhibits. Over in the Machinery building Fos¬ ter & Webb have a Miehle press, a Hickok ruling machine and a Monarch cutter at work. The other regular printing exhibits are in the Commerce building. The Brandon Printing Company, which has an office as complete and up to date as any in the country, has a large exhibit, including office furniture by the Globe Company, of Cincinnati ; a display of blank books, account books for banks and mercantile concerns, and court records, manufac¬ tured for use and not simply for display. They were all made in Nashville. They also show Smith-Premier type¬ writers, Waterman Ideal fountain pens, Mabie, Todd & Co’s gold pens and pencils, copying presses by the Illinois Iron and Bolt Company, Neostyle duplicating machines, samples of steel engraving, lithographing and half-tone work. Marshall & Bruce have another large exhibit of metal bookcases, desks and index files by the St. Louis Art Metal Company, office furniture of all kinds, including the Wer¬ nicke system of elastic bookcases, blank books of all kinds, bank books, records for court and county officers, of which they make a specialty, law books, published by them, and small office necessities. Foster & Webb show bank and account books with many handsome samples of office stationery, lithograph and platework. William Mann & Co., of Philadelphia, have a large exhibit of bank ledgers, balance ledgers, etc., including the “largest blank book in the world,’’ of 3,416 pages, and weighing 306 pounds. They also have a case of copying books, showing one used in 1861, of their manufacture, well preserved, and as legible as on the day it was used. S. C. Toof & Co. , Memphis, have a show case in the Mem¬ phis Pyramid building, in which thirty-six specimens of hand-tooled art bindings are displayed. The collection is a fine one, and well worth a careful examination. The Hampshire Paper Company, of South Hadley Palls, shows fine paper. Crane Brothers, of Westfield, Massachusetts, show linen ledger paper and court and official records. Over in the Government building a small plate press is in operation, where is seen the method by which national bank notes are printed. Views of the national Capitol, the White House, various Presidents and the Centennial are printed. All varieties of postage stamps and envelopes, bank notes and silver and gold certificates are shown. In the section of religious ceremonies, there is a large display of early Bibles, including the first American edition of the Greek Bible, printed by Isaiah Thomas at Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1800 ; a folio edition of a Latin Bible, printed by Anthony Coburger in Nuremburg, Germany, in 1478 ; a 1554 edition of Luther’s Bible ; an old Testament in Spanish, printed in Amsterdam in 1661, and a folio edi¬ tion of King James’ Bible, by Robert Barker, in 1613. There are also reprints of many old Bibles. In the Woman’s building there are many old English prints, two and three centuries old, that are of interest. NATIONAL TYPOTHET.E AND ENGRAVERS AND ELECTRO- TYPERS’ MEETINGS. When the National Typothet^ of America assembles in Nashville the first week in October, for the first time it has ever met in the South, those who have never before expe¬ rienced it will learn what Southern hospitality means. The Centennial Exposition has made Nashville a convention city this year, and for four months not a week has passed with¬ out seeing the assembling in this Athens of the South of from one to a dozen great national organizations. The round of social entertainment has excelled even in these summer months the height of the winter season, and the attractions at home have been so great that the usually popular summer resorts in the vicinity are having the dullest season of a decade. There have been elaborate entertainments of distinguished guests extending over a period of days, and those who have been leaders on the social side of the Centennial have even surpassed Nash¬ ville’s greatest social functions of former years. It is, there¬ fore, no small undertaking of the Nashville members of the Typothetffi when they essay to make the entertainment of the National Typothetae the most complete and brilliant of the entire Centennial season. The complete programme of events for the Nashville meeting has not been arranged. There are many minor details to be provided for, as it is intended by the local committee to have some pleasant diver- THE INLAND PRINTER. 579 sion for every moment that can be spared from the business sessions during- the three days’ meeting. The headquarters of the Typothete will be at the Maxwell House, where a bureau of information will be established for the benefit of visitors, under the exclusive direction of the Typothetae. All the printing houses will keep open house during the three days and the visitors will be shown what a Southern printing office is. No effort will be spared to make the visitors enjoy every hour of their stay in Nashville. It is expected that between two hundred and three hundred mem¬ bers will be here, and Mr. J. H. Bruce, president of the National Typothetae, will prepare to entertain this many at the reception at his magnificent home on North High street Photo by Thuss. The Illinois Building. ( A facsimile of the Administration Building- at the World’s Columbian Exposition.) during the meeting. Mr. Bruce’s residence is four stories high, the entire top floor being a splendid ballroom. No residence in Nashville is furnished with more artistic taste or more complete appointments and the decorations for the occasion will be elaborate. This will be made one of the social events to be remembered. Another event of an entirely different nature, but none the less enjoyable, and which will be a novelty to many of the visitors, is an old-fashioned Southern barbecue, which will be given at Belle Meade, if possible, otherwise at the Hermitage. The open air of the country whets the appetite and makes even more delicious the juicy shoat and tender lamb that will be barbecued, in such style as only the old time plantation darky can turn it out. All the accessories to an enjoyable barbecue will be provided. The historic Hermitage, the home of Andrew Jackson, and where his tomb is ; Polk Place, the home of President Polk, and Belle Meade, the great stock farm, where thoroughbreds valued at half a million dollars graze, a veritable park of 6,000 acres, with hundreds of red deer going like the wind, will all be visited. A side trip will also be taken to Mammoth Cave and possibly to Lookout Mountain. The Nashville meeting will end with one of the most elaborate banquets ever given in Nashville, to which mine host Black, of the Maxwell, has volunteered to give his personal attention, and, of course, the visitors will be taken to the Centennial. At the same time that the Typothete meets in Nashville, the photo-engravers will meet and complete the organization that was commenced at St. Louis some months ago. A num¬ ber of prominent photo-engravers met the local association at St. Louis about three months ago and appointed the “Photo-Engravers’ National Committee,” to take the mat¬ ter of organization in hand. Mr. W. H. Tenney, of Boston, is chairman, and C. S. Bierce, of Dayton, Ohio, secretary. The other members of the committee are : F. A. Ringler, New York; Oscar E. Binner, Chicago; Lon Sanders, St. Louis ; Samuel R. Mason, Cleveland ; J. Arthur H. Hatt, Cincinnati ; C. M. Davis, Los Angeles ; Prank E. Manning, Philadelphia ; R. Cunningham, Kansas City ; Edward Mason, Indianapolis ; Charles C. Cargill, Grand Rapids. A large correspondence has been conducted, and it is expected that between two hundred and two hundred and fifty people will attend the meeting. The idea of organiza¬ tion is, it is stated, not for the purpose of advancing prices, but to establish better relations and understanding, remove prejudices and prevent the disastrous cutting of prices, largely on the same line as the Typothete. HOW THE EXPOSITION WAS ADVERTISED. The Bureau of Publicity and Promotion of the Tennessee Centennial Exposition has successfully maintained the high standard expected of this branch of the exposition service. In part this is due to the determined effort by the bureau that nothing but the highest class of work should be issued to advertise so artistic and epoch-marking an enterprise as this exposition. Original ideas were constantly sought for and worked out, and the country kept well supplied with handsome pictures that were valued and used. The Centennial Calendar and the Centennial Album are two examples of the attractive advertisements issued. The calendar consists of twelve cards, each bearing in colors the calendar for the month, one of the exposition buildings and an apt quotation suited to the building pictured and to the month as well. Fancy prices were offered for these when the issue was exhausted, so highly were they esteemed. The album, which was lithographed in colors, was equally as popular. Its cover bore portraits of five most distin¬ guished Tennesseeans — John Sevier, James Robertson, James K. Polk, Andrew Jackson and Andrew Johnson. Three-sheet posters and bird’s-eye views were of the highest type of art, and have been framed and hung in thousands of homes and public buildings. The cuts used in illustrating the literature daily sent out from the office are of the finest quality of half-tone work. Only the best paper and the clearest type are used, and the very first impression conveyed to the stranger opening Centennial literature of any kind is pleasing. The good work of the press of the country for the exposition has been recognized in the erection of a Press building — one of the prettiest little structures on the grounds — and not so very little, either. There is a com¬ modious reception hall, a room for attaches of the bureau and newspaper men, and a room for woman press workers. Two ample piazzas furnish shelter from the warmest sun, as well as other conveniences, and leading papers of the country aid in making visitors comfortable. It is in every particular an ideal place to rest or to write. A notable feature is the interior decoration. Matrices from the leading daily papers of the country furnish a wall paper as unique as it is interesting. Each paper using the new perfecting presses was requested to send one matrix, preferably one in which something about the exposition was written. The response was general, and many of the matrices were beau¬ tifully ornamented before being sent. Some, as the Boston Globe, are solidly gilt. The New York Journal sent some very ornamental ones in silver gilt and colors. The Brook¬ lyn Eagle and numerous other papers send handsomely decorated matrices ; many papers are content with whiten¬ ing them, and some send the regular working matrix. 580 THE INLAND PRINTER. These all attract a great deal of attention from visitors. In the Press building much of the work of supplying information is done, and some one of the Bureau of Pub¬ licity and Promotion is constantly present. Telephone and telegraph offices add to the conveniences of the building. Herman Justi, chief of the Bureau of Publicity and Pro¬ motion, is a man peculiarly adapted to the position. A deep student, a ready writer, and a cul¬ tured gentleman, he has had expe¬ rience as a news¬ paper worker in the Louisville Courier- Journal ; well acquainted with business life by his own part in it, he became more so as president of the First National Bank; of wide acquaintance throughout the country, he has been able to do much for the pro¬ motion of the Cen¬ tennial’s interests. He has enlisted well-known and vigorous writers in Tennessee, who have supplied many extremely valuable contributions bearing on early Tennessee history. These have been distributed for free publication in many leading papers, and while they did not bear directly on the Centennial, were in the direct way of recalling the stirring events in Tennessee history which the Centennial commemorates. By the courtesy of Messrs. Persinger & Sullivan, pro¬ prietors of The 400, Chicago’s society journal of travel, we are enabled to present a number of the illustrations accom¬ panying this article. The photos are by Thuss, of Nashville, the official photographer of the exposition. THE COST AND VALUE OF COMPOSITION.* BY JOHN W. CAMPSIE. Mr. President and Fellow-Craftsmen : At the last meeting of this association I was requested to prepare a paper on the “ Cost and Value of Composition,” which I take pleasure in presenting herewith, and I trust that it may be the means of calling forth intelligent discus¬ sion on this important subject. This is something that ought to be of interest to every employing printer, as it is an item which enters largely into all estimates, and is sometimes apt to be underestimated. The cost of composition necessarily varies in different offices from various causes. In some offices it is set by piece hands, in others by time hands, and in others by machine, while in some of the offices it is divided among the three different classes. In order that I may speak intel¬ ligently upon this subject, I will base my deductions upon my experience in the office I represent. We do part of our composition by piece hands, part by time hands, and the balance with the machines. The price of piecework is 35 cents per thousand ems, the time hands receive from $16 to $18 per week, and the machine men are paid 12 cents per thousand ems. Where matter is set by piece hands we have the first cost of 35 cents per thousand. Now add to this the cost of reading, copyholder, revising and paging, which a careful * Paper read before a recent meeting- of the Milwaukee Typothet® . record, extending over a period of one year, has shown us to average 1% cents per thousand, and we have a net cost of 42^ cents per thousand. By noting the various items which have been applied to net cost of composition, you will find that it actually costs not less than 42 cents per thousand to set straight matter, by piecework, including the making up of the mat¬ ter into pages. Figuring timework at $16 per week of sixty hours, we have a cost of 26% cents per hour. The ordinary time hand, if he is careful with his spacing and justification, will average about 900 ems per hour. We will allow him seven and one-half hours per day for composition, which would enable him to set about 7,000 ems. As a compositor can distribute about three times as fast as he can compose, we will allow him two and one-half hours for distribution. We thus find that he has produced 7,000 ems in ten hours, at a cost of $2.49, or 35% cents per thousand. The other items of proofreading, copyholding, revising, correcting and paging must apply the same on timework as on piece¬ work, so our net cost on timework is found to be 42% cents per thousand, or practically the same as piecework, provided we have enough work on hand to always keep the time hands employed. If they remain idle, it must neces¬ sarily increase the cost per thousand ems. But in our case we generally have enough for them to do, so I have not allowed for loss of time. Since the advent of typesetting machines, it has worked a considerable change in the price at which certain com¬ position is charged. The tendency seems to be to see who can do the work the cheapest. In my opinion this is a mis¬ take. These machines require the outlay of considerable money, and while the cost of composition is greatly reduced, we should not give all this difference to the customer. The offices operating machines should agree upon some scale of prices which would not make too great a difference between hand and machine work. In this way offices running ma¬ chines would receive a' fair interest on their investment. We have found that while the machine operator is paid 12 cents per thousand ems, something has to be added for the mechanic’s time, gas, power, renewal of matrices, repairs and shrinkage of metal. These items are found to represent an amount equal to 5 cents per thousand. We must also add to this the cost for proofreading, revising, paging, etc., which we have shown to be 7% cents per thou¬ sand, making a net cost of machine work 24% cents per thousand. In Order to make a fair profit on machine work it should not be done at less than 35 cents per thousand. When we estimate that it will take ten hours’ time to set up a job, we should charge at least thirteen hours, to cover the cost of distribution. From the foregoing it will be seen that we allow 7% cents per thousand to cover proofreading, revising, paging, etc., and that the lowest price we can figure as the net cost of hand composition is 42% cents, and machine work at 24% cents. Please bear in mind that this is net cost, and allows nothing whatever for profit, or interest on material. Admit¬ ting that this cost price is correct (and I assure you it has been ascertained by closely kept records of similar work), we must now add enough to this to admit of a fair profit and at the same time pay a reasonable interest on the investment in material. We all know that body type costs considerable money and does not last very long. Someone must pay for this type, and our profits must be sufficiently large to cover this outlay. In order to meet this item of interest and material, it has been our experience that the price of compo¬ sition must be placed at not less than 60 cents per thousand. In addition to this, three per cent of the cost of the work should be added for superintendence and office help. In charging for tabular matter we should estimate it at either twice the cost of straight matter, of the size in which THE INLAND PRINTER. 681 it is set, or price and one-half, as the case may be. Double¬ price matter is where the type is set in three columns with rules, or four or more columns with or without rules ; and price and one-half matter is set in two or three columns without rules, or two columns with a rule between. A good plan in estimating advertising matter, where the time cannot actually be known, is to “ size up ” the character of the work, and if there is no intricate display, measure it on the basis of nonpareil or brevier, as in your judgment you think best. Where a customer desires special material purchased for the work, unless he is a valuable patron, and the material asked for can be used to advantage in your regular work, he should be made to pay its net cost. It is our opinion that inasmuch as it has been plainly shown what the net cost of composition is, demonstrated from reliable data, it would be mutually advantageous for the members of this association to agree to figure compo¬ sition of various kinds on some standard basis, to be deter¬ mined upon by a committee appointed for this purpose. I have endeavored to cover the subject assigned to me in as complete a manner as I could, without occupying too much of your time, and I thank you for the kind attention accorded me, trusting that the time has been well spent, and that a general discussion may follow by the various members present, which would be of much benefit to us all. OBITUARY. On July 14, Frank McLaughlin, proprietor of the Phila¬ delphia Times, died at his residence in Philadelphia, of rheumatic gout. Hon. John M. Fkancis, senior proprietor of the Troy (N. Y.) Times, died in his home June 18, after a long and active career. Mr. Francis was well known in public life, and held many important positions of trust under State and national administrations. Isaac K. Williams, one of the old-time printers, died at Cooperstown, N. Y., June 23, aged eighty-five. He worked in the Freeman’ s Journal ofiice forty-five years. On his eighty-fourth birthday he distributed and set S,000 ems of type in nine hours. Martin Lynk, one of the founders of the Amsterdam (N. Y.) Sentinel, died Wednesday, May 2, in Syracuse, aged forty-three years. For some years he was the publisher of the Fort Plain Standard, In 1892 he organized the Recorder Publishing Company in Amsterdam and became business manager of the paper. The Recorder suspended publication in 1893. Mr. Lynk is survived by a family. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity. James S. Rathgeber, a machine operator on The Inter Ocean, Chicago, and one of the best-known printers in the oity, was stabbed and almost instantly killed by Albert Burke, a fellow-workman, on the evening of June 10. The men quarreled over some ofiice matters in a saloon. Mr. Rathgeber was thirty-six years old, and leaves an invalid widow and several small children. The funeral on the following Sunday to Forest Home Cemetery was largely attended. John Chalmers Blair. — On June 23, 1897, J. C. Blair, founder and president of the J. C. Blair Company, Hun¬ tingdon, Pennsylvania, after an illness of seven months, aged forty-nine years. Mr. Blair was one of the most suc¬ cessful stationers and printers in the United States. In 1879 his force consisted of one machine, a hand paper cutter, a small Gordon press and a man for each. His trade at that time was limited to Pennsylvania, with an occasional order from Ohio. Today the plant has twenty printing presses, ruling machines that rule fifty miles of paper on both sides every day, envelope machines capable of turn¬ ing out 500,000 a day, steam paper cutters, and stitching machines capable of turning out 50,000 tablets daily. From 175 to 200 hands are now employed at the factory, and the daily output of manufactured goods aggregates twenty tons. The customers of the firm now number over 6,000. They reside in every State and Territory of the Union, as well as in England, China, India, Siam, ^outh America, Australia and Canada. This success lay in the fact that Mr. Blair was gifted with unusually good taste. His goods were neater than those of his competitors, they were more care¬ fully prepared for the market, and an almost painful par¬ ticularity in the receiving and transmission of orders also aided in earning him the enormous custom which his com¬ pany now enjoys. Robert Fergus. — Probably no printer has been asso¬ ciated longer with the history of Chicago than Robert Fer¬ gus, who was killed June 24 by the North-Western train at South Evanston, Illinois, and whose instant death in so terrible a manner shocked his host of friends and acquaintances through¬ out the city. Mr. Fergus was the pioneer printer of Chicago, coming here over fifty-eight years ago from Glasgow, Scotland. He was born in that city August 4, 1815, about the time that Napoleon was exiled to St. Helena. After a commercial education he was apprenticed to Messrs. Hutchinson & Brockman, the proprietors of the University printing office, and although he was the youngest employe in the house, is said to have been the best compositor. He set type on many of Scott’s novels before the identity of that author was known to the world. He served his apprenticeship at the same stand with Dr. Walter G. Blaikie, who afterward became head of the great printing house of Blaikie & Son, of Glasgow and Edinburgh. Inspired by the enthusiasm for the new country of a friend who had just returned from Milwaukee, Mr. Fergus emigrated to America with his young wife and reached Milwaukee by way of the great lakes. He quickly heard of Chicago and at once determined to settle in the little town of 4,000 inhabitants. He was delighted with the place, began work as a journeyman printer for Budd & Childs, in the old Saloon building, corner of Lake and Clark streets, and purchased a home in Clark street where the Olympic Theater now stands. Later, in 1841, he built a home on the Palmer House site, paying $1,200 for eighty-eight feet. In 1839 he obtained the contract for printing the laws and ordinances of the city, and in order to fill up some blank pages at the end, concluded to utilize them for a town directory. This was the first Chicago Directory. In 1876 Mr. Fergus conceived the idea of repub¬ lishing and completing the 1839 Directory, which he did. It contained 1,700 names. This was issued as the second number of a historical series relating to the early history of Chicago and Illinois. At the time of his death thirty-four numbers had appeared in this valuable and interesting series. In 1842 the firm of Ellis & Fergus was established, and soon began the publication of the Quid Nunc, the first one-cent daily paper issued west of the Alleghenies. This firm did an extensive publishing business, issuing many of the city directories of the forties and fifties. When Mr. Fergus was public printer, in 1844, he founded the Demo¬ cratic Advertiser and Commercial Advocate. He also pub¬ lished in that year “ Scammon’s Reports,” the first complete book ever printed in Chicago. About this time he added a Robert Fergus. 582 THE INLAND PRINTER. stock of type from White’s Foundry of New York, and thus established the first printers’ warehouse in Chicagfo. This paper and printers’ supply house was continued for a num¬ ber of years on the present site of the Borden block. During- the half century and more that Mr. Fergus lived in Chicago his whole energy was given up to the practice of his craft, and although long past the allotted years of man, he could be seen up to abput a year ago in his office, setting type, arranging forms, and attending to the practical details of the business. He leaves four sons and one daughter, his wife having died in 1888. The sons have been associated with him for over thirty years, under the firm name of the Fergus Printing Company, at 18S Illinois street. Mr. Fergus contributed freely to good enterprises, and leaves a matchless reputation as an honest, industrious printer and public-spirited citizen of Chicago. On Monday, June 28, 1897, Archibald Leckie, a member of Chicago Typographical Union, No. 16, died, aged thirty- six years, after being away from his employment through sickness only one week. Bright’s disease was the cause of his death. Mr. Leckie was born in the city of New York, of Scottish parents, and served his apprenticeship in the office of the American Bank Note Company. He came to Chicago in 1885, and obtained employment with the firm of Shepard & Johnston (subsequently The Henry O. Shepard Company) where he remained until the time of his sickness. Mr. Leckie was a good printer, of a bright, sunny disposition. and much respected by all who came in contact with him. He leaves an orphan daughter, three years old, his wife having died three years ago — a severe blow from which he never fully rallied. The accompanying resolutions show how highly he was esteemed by his fellow-workmen. WILLIAM B. MACKELLAE. The sudden death of Mr. William Brashear MacKellar, on the afternoon of June 25, at Philadelphia, in the prime of apparent health and vigor, spread a feeling of genuine sorrow among his many friends in the printing trades. Mr. MacKellar had pleaded slight indisposition, and had for a week previous to his death taken relaxation from the cares of business at his home in St. David’s. At 2:30 o’clock in the afternoon of the day of his death, while seated in his library, he was stricken with apoplexy, and although med¬ ical aid was promptly summoned it was of no avail, and he died soon after the attack without having regained con¬ sciousness. Mr. MacKellar was the head of the MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan Company, Philadelphia, one of the most important branches of the American Type Founders’ Company. He was a son of Dr. Thomas MacKellar, and was born in Phil¬ adelphia, January 27, 1844. His education was begun at the Ludwig School, an institution then controlled by the Society of Friends. In 1858 he entered the Central High School from the Livingston Grammar School. When he was sixteen he entered the type foundry, and when nineteen was advanced to the position of foreman of the printing and specimen department. His practical training was of a very thorough character in type founding and typesetting, and he was noted as an expert in music composition. After a course in a business college he entered the business office, where for seven years he remained at the books, acquiring a substantial knowledge of the commercial character and standing of the many patrons of the house. At the incorporation of the MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan Company, in 1885, he was made secretary of the company, in which he was one of the principal shareholders, having succeeded in part to his father’s large interests in that con¬ cern. In addition to the control of the commercial department of the business, he edited the Typographic Advertiser and the specimen books issued by the house. He devised the MacKellar system of type measurement, whereby disputes as to fat or lean type are abolished, replacing the cube or em quad unit measurement by the lower-case letter em of the type itself, by which means the compositor is assured of pay for his actual work, no more and no less. The system has had the favorable considera¬ tion of the employers and of the typographical union. Mr. MacKellar was a gifted and accomplished man. He had received a musical education and was for many years organist of Trinity Lutheran Church, Germantown. In the charitable work of the city he was closely identified. He was active in raising funds and selecting the books for the purchase of the library presented to the Home for Union Printers, at Colorado Springs, Colorado. Mr. MacKellar was president of the Bedford Street Mis¬ sion, secretary of the Type Founders’ Association of the THE INLAND PRINTER. 583 United States, and treasurer of the Typothetag of Philadel¬ phia since its organization. He was a member of the Col¬ onial Society of Pennsylvania, the Manufacturers’ Club and the Typographical Society, the Columbia and Five O’clock Clubs, Fairmount Park Art Association, the His¬ torical Society of Pennsylvania, the Radnor Cricket Club and the Riverton Gun Club. He was a trustee of the Second Presbyterian Church and was deeply interested in mission work, having been man¬ ager of the Wakefield Mission in Germantown. He was a manager of the Home Missionary Society and a trustee of the Hahnemann Medical College. Mr. MacKel- lar was a member of Mitchell Lodge, 208, F. and A. M.; Royal Arch Masons, Philadelphia Commandery, Knights Templar, and the Masonic Veterans of Pennsylvania, and a thirty-second degree member of the Consistory, Scottish Rite. In early life he was prominent in club circles about Philadelphia, but later withdrew his membership from these. His wife, one son and two daughters survive him. The funeral took place June 29 from his late residence, St. David’s, Delaware County, the pallbearers being G. F. Jordan, R. W. Nelson, Col. A. L. Snowden, Col. M. R. Muckle, J. H. McFetridge, C. F. Huch, G. W. Witham, Alex¬ ander McLeester, S. S. Leslie, Mr. Blatchley and Mr. Yeatts. The remains were laid at rest in the family vault in Mount Vernon Cemetery. The following tribute to Mr. MacKellar’s worth has been prepared by the directorate of the American Type Founders’ Company, of which he was an important member : The directors of the American Type Founders’ Company desire to place upon record their sense of loss by the death of their late associate, William Brashear MacKellar, and to express their appreciation of his qualities which happily preserve the memory of the man. A man of uprig-ht character and integrity, who held his chosen calling in high honor, William B. MacKellar was filled with earnest ambition to find his own distinction in its service. Coming as he did to his responsibilities in life, bearing a name already laureled, and with hereditary opportunities and prestige, his serious efforts were given to the development of those opportu¬ nities and the maintenance of that prestige. In the organization of the extensive and varied interests which make up this company and in the management of one of its most important branches, and in the deliberation of its directors, he played an important part. Like his honored father, he went beyond the technical limits of his calling, and made his name known in the literature of the art. Coming from a stock which continued its energies, its benefactions and achievements to a ripe measure of venerable age, it is to be the more regret¬ ted that his life was cut short before its full maturity was reached. In his personal relations, Mr. MacKellar was characterized by a quiet courtesy and gentleness of demeanor, and a ready generosity which betokened quick sympathies and a kindliness of heart which sought to relieve human suffering. We tender to the family of our late associate our cordial sympathy in their more intimate bereavement, and direct that this brief memorial shall be entered at large upon the records of the company, and that attested copies shall be transmitted by our President and Secretary to Mrs. Kath¬ arine MacKellar and Dr. Thomas MacKellar. John E. Searles, [SEAL] Attest : President. John T. Murphy, Secretary. In common with many others. The Inland Printer experiences a deep sense of personal loss in the death of Mr. MacKellar. He was actively interested in all that touched the interests of his friends, and the strength of his personality and breadth of view earned him general respect and liking. SURPASSES ANY OTHER PUBLICATION. I do not intend to let my name be dropped from your list for the nominal sum of $2, and would not do it if it cost three times that amount, for I think the information which is published in your Inland Printer surpasses any other publication of its kind. — J, Harry Cruse, 1104 North Carey street, Baltimore, Maryland. REVIEW OF SPECIMENS RECEIVED. The purpose of this department is to candidly and briefly criticise specimens of printing submitted hereto. The large number of speci¬ mens submitted makes it necessary that all comments shall be brief, and no discourtesy is intended in the seeming bluntness of adverse criticisms. Contributors who fear adverse criticism must give notice that they desire only favorable mention, and should their specimens not deserve praise no comment whatever will be made. Samples intended for review under this head should be mailed to this office flat, and plainly marked on corner “ALPHA.” Competitors for the prizes offered in the July number should read the conditions carefully. The violation of these is causing a number of good specimens to be disqualified. A little inattention may lose a good prize. An inferior piece of work may secure recognition simply because the sender has observed all the rules. Specimens are coming in rapidly. Send your pet job — one and no more, and if it is in colors send a print or duplicate on white board or paper in black ink. Read the rules. P. C. Darrow, 358 Dearborn street, Chicago, sends a Fourth of July leaflet and business card, displaying the usual good taste and originality which characterize his work. The Hill Printing Company, Eustis, Florida, sends a few samples of typography in colors which are neat in appearance. The lithogravure note- head is a good piece of presswork. Frederick E. Wolff, representing Charles Eneu Johnson & Co presents his card, gotten up by himself, which is a good specimen of compo¬ sition and presswork. The half-tone portrait is very nicely printed. Leighton Brothers, Minneapolis, Minnesota, forward three speci¬ mens of color printing and embossing. The designs are artistic, color arrangements harmonious, presswork good, and embossing clear as steel-die A. Mdgford, Hartford, Connecticut, sends some specimens of half-tone work, the engraving and presswork being of a high class of merit. Strength, softness and delicacy of treatment characterize each of the samples sub¬ mitted. A PROGRAMME of Fourth of July celebration, printed and issued by the Boston Farm School, Thompson’s Island, Boston, Massachusetts, exhibits points of merit in both composition and presswork. It is printed in red and blue, on enameled stock. Frank Landis, Nebraska City, Nebraska, sends a “rush” specimen in the form of a 24-page 3 by 3j^ booklet, with cover, for a “ Trilby ” pro¬ gramme. The work is excellently done, considering the circumstances under which it was issued. Charles Bradshaw, the Patriot, Carrollton, Illinois, submits a form of advertising visiting card which should prove effective. A large card with some advice as to what a visiting card should be is inclosed in an envelope with a specimen card and prices. The work is well done. A. M. Farnsworth, Camden, New York, has issued a blotter, hand¬ somely printed in gold and colors, headed “ Attractive Printing — Does It Pay ?” The composition is artistic and presswork admirable. Such work certainly ought to pay both the printer and the advertiser. A BLOTTER, printed in lining gothic, by Clark & Keach, New London, Connecticut, is pleasing to look upon for its simplicity and clean appearance. The compositor who set it is an artist. A directory-programme is a novelty, neatly set and well printed. The presswork on both samples is very good. Jack WiNDELL, foreman of thejobroomof t'ae. Daily Democrat, Johns¬ town, Pennsylvania, sends several specimens of commercial work. The composition is generally well displayed, but the too free use of “ iJointers ” has a tendency to mar the beauty of some of the work. Presswork is good. The New Era Iron Works, Dayton, Ohio, has issued a catalogue fully describing its gas and gasoline engines. The work is fully illustrated with half-tone reproductions of the various styles of engines and details of their respective parts. It is an interesting book for those about to purchase an engine. From A. T. Chase, with the firm of Towne & Robie, Franklin Falls, New Hampshire, specimens of everyday work which show that he is a good printer and understands the art of display in commercial work. The press- work is also good. The embossing is a trifle out of register in places, but otherwise is good. Will C. Turner, with the Trow Print, New York, sends a pretty booklet advertising the office with which he is connected. It is an excellent piece of work. “Your Judgment, Please! !” which appears as the title, suggests the best results for the Trow Print from the patrons into whose hands it may fall. The Telegram Printing Company, West Superior, Wisconsin, submits a price list consisting of sixteen pages and cover, the composition of which is of a very ordinary character of display, and the presswork poor, some pages being quite black, while others are gray. There is room for improvement in both departments. An error was inadvertently allowed to pass in the July issue of The Inland Printer in noting specimens of rulework advertisements, crediting the same to “George W.” Smith, 306 West One Hundred and Nineteenth street. New York. Mr. Smith’s initials are “ W. F.,” and we wish to mention that the advertisements were all set for and appeared in the Dry 584 THE INLAND PRINTER. Goods Economist, the average time of composition being seven hours for full- page design, which is not by any means an extravagant amount of time for such work. Donald Bain & Co., 25 Jordan street, Toronto, Canada, submit an illuminated menu card for the banquet of the committee of the city council on June 22, on the occasion of the Diamond Jubilee. It is an acceptable piece of work, though a little less red in her majesty’s eye would improve her appearance on the front page. L. T. Rogers, Hillsboro, Texas, sends a unique card in the form of a contact photo print, the business card of Mr. H. D. Blanchard, a photog¬ rapher of Hillsboro. The work is pretty and attractive. We cannot com¬ ply with Mr. Rogers’ suggestion to reproduce it, as the interest attached to the matter does not warrant the expense of a half-tone cut. A FIRECRACKER tied to a leaflet with the marks of its explosion scat¬ tered across the letterpress is the way the G. W. Schloendorn Art Printing Company, 510 Lorain street, Philadelphia, calls attention to the fact that with the Fourth of J uly trade is booming. They also state that “ we print every¬ thing but money.” The circular is well conceived and executed. Colvin &. Brooks, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, submit their business card in blue, black, red and gold, and ask opinion on same. The card is engraved, and is of the stock florid character popular with paint houses and signpainters. To our mind, the card of a printer should be indicative of the work he does, and while the card under consideration is of good quality, it is not a desirable card for a printing house to use. Edward J. Wilkinson, Gisborne, New Zealand, sends The Inland Printer a drawing made by a deaf lad, Robert A. Moore, of his city, and requests criticism. The drawing is a copy of the portrait of Frederick Law Olmsted, by Jules M. Gaspard, in the October, 1896, number of The Inland Printer. The work is very creditable, and there is no doubt that a little instruction would give our young friend control of his evident native talent. D. B. Landis, Pluck Art Printery, 38 East Chestnut street, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, has revived and improved his interesting publication. Pluck, which heretofore has been distributed gratuitously. It is now offered as “ a publication of push and progress, particularly pertinent to amateur cycling, photography, printing, and advance in art,” at 50 cents per year in advance. Short, crisp articles are a feature of the well-printed little paper, which deserves to succeed. According to a letter accompanying the specimen, W. T. Hoxie, of the Deerfield (Wis.) Enterprise, is a genius with the graver. A half-sheet poster in red and blue, announcing a Fourth of July celebration, showing “Old Glory ” with the date “July 4 ” engraved in its folds, was “ in rough lumber in the morning ” and in the afternoon was a finished creation of artistic merit. This is quick work for a printer-engraver. The display and press- work is meritorious. Two catalogues from the Bryan Printing Company, Columbia, South Carolina; one of the Presbyterian College for Women, freely illustrated with half-tone engravings, the presswork on which is excellent; the other catalogue being that of the Winthrop Normal and Industrial College, also illustrated with half-tones, but which are not nearly so good as the first. A circular of the Bryan Company is a very neat piece of work. The composition on all samples is very good. N. W. Ayer & Son, newspaper advertising agents, Times building, Philadelphia, send an attractive circular with the cover printed on chamois paper to represent the American flag. A series of these circulars, we are informed, were printed for each individual State. The back cover is printed in blue with white stars, the central star being stamped with the seal of the State to which the circulars are sent. The motto on the envelope is, “ Our Flag and Your Star.” It is among the best of the specimens of Fourth of July advertising that we have seen. The Carver & Swift Stamping Press Manufacturing Company, Phila¬ delphia, Pennsylvania, has issued a booklet printed on its steel die press by the Brandon Printing Company, Nashville, Tennessee. The large sur¬ faces of raised lettering glistening with color arrests the eye and calls for investigation into the merits of the method by which such a fine result is produced. The front cover is a neat and artistic design in two colors, which were printed at one impression. Such work is a great advance over the printing and embossing done on a regular job press. The Daytonian Publishing Company, Daytona, Florida, sends a type, written circular — that is printed in typewriter type — advertising the value of the Daily Daytonian as an advertising medium, and calling attention to its job department, which, we are told, is in charge of Mr. R. H. Chapman, who has had fifteen years’ experience in this line, and in regard to whose ability the company submits a business card as a specimen of his taste and skill. The work is well and tastefully done. Mr. Chapman is evidently capable of fulfilling all the requirements of his position. H. C. Mott & Co., Coolgardie, Australia, send a pamphlet in red, yellow and blue, advertising their business as printers, rubber-stamp makers and brass-plate engravers. The composition and design of the pamphlet is of the florid order, which has seen its best days, but is a fair example of that class of work. If the “ argument ” had been condensed to the smallest pro¬ portions for each page, and driven into the intelligence of the reader in pun¬ gent sentences, in neat, black letterpress, and if the pamphlet had been made one-half the size, and if the color had been cut down to one or two bright, original tones and used with the art that is distinguishing modern work, Messrs. Mott would have had a better and more effective circular. Joseph J, Stone, Greensboro, North Carolina, submits some samples of business cards, composition on which is neat and presswork good. A blotter, printed in red and black, is a unique sample of advertising, headed , . ! ? FOUR POINTS In Reference to JOB PRINTING. The arguments in reference to each of the four points in relation to Stone’s printing are of a telling character. W. H. Miller, editor and manager of the Bristol Press, Bristol, Con¬ necticut, sends a number of copies of his paper for criticism. The Press is an “ all home ” paper and is evidently well edited. A mixtureof old-style and modern letter disfigures the paper, however. Plain, neat letter should be used for the announcements on each side of the heading. Avoid orna¬ ments. A very light head and a heavy-faced subhead never look well. Several half-tones of fine mesh are shown. They are fairly clear, but the paper has suffered in the presswork owing to the effort of the pressman to prevent the half-tones from filling up. Use coarse half-tones and give the pressman a chance. Composition of ads. is fair, though there is a tendency to use obtrusive ornaments. The headings throughout the paper vary in style of letter. These should be plain, neat and as far as possible uniform, with weight of face in proper proportion. Old-style is used in the date line. Discard this and use a modern letter. OF INTEREST TO THE CRAFT. Mr. W. B. Prescott, president of the International Typographical Union, and Miss Nora Ward were united in marriage at Indianapolis, Indiana, Wednesday evening, June 30. The Inland Printer extends its cordial con¬ gratulations to the happy pair. The report is current that typesetting machines will soon be abolished in the State printing office at Topeka, Kansas, the amount the State printer shall receive, as pro¬ vided for in the appropriation bill, namely, 10 cents per thousand ems, being too small to warrant their use. The Old-Time Printers of Chicago will hold their annual picnic this year on July 24, at Humboldt Park, the details to be in charge of Conrad Kahler, D. J. Hines and Wil¬ liam Mill. The forms of The Inland Printer being closed before the date of the picnic an account of the festivities must be held over for the next number. On Tuesday evening, June 8, Franklin C. Hollister, junior member of the firm of William C. Hollister & Bro., and secretary of the Eight-Hour Herald Company, Chicago, and Miss Bessie Martha Rawlings, were united in matri¬ mony. Mr. and Mrs. Hollister spent their honeymoon at the Nashville Centennial Exposition. The Inland Printer tenders its cordial congratulations. Several promotions have been made in the Government printing office recently. William H. Fisher, of Pennsyl¬ vania, has been promoted from proofreader to foreman of the second division, vice J. K. Seagraves, resigned ; A. H. King, of New York, from compositor to proofreader ; J. N. Steed, of North Carolina, from compositor to proofreader ; Byron W. Bonney, of Illinois, from imposer to clerk, and Clarence Lewis, of Michigan, from compositor to imposer. The Union Printer and American Craftsman announces that on July 31 it will appear under another name and in another form and with broader aims. The American Craftsman will be the new title, and will have twelve pages and a cover, and will be further enlarged if circumstances require it. It will be an industrial newspaper in the best sense. It will be $1.50 per year in advance, but present subscribers will receive the paper until their subscriptions expire. We wish the new venture the success it deserves. For a young college graduate to start out without a cent in his pocket and earn his living for two years as an unskilled laborer is a striking achievement. Walter A. Wyckoff begins his narrative of this feat in the August ScribnePs, under the title “The Workers — An Experiment in Reality.” It promises to be the first presentation of THE INLAND PRINTER. 585 the American workingman as he is today — not as an economic problem, but as a human being, making what he can of the conditions which the republic offers him. It is the real thing and not manufactured adventures. The first annual picnic of the Allied Printing Trades Council of Chicago was held at Ogden’s Grove June 26. Many prizes were donated for the games, and in competing for these and in dancing in the pavilion an enjoyable after¬ noon was passed. Much credit was given the committee, which consisted of J. M. Schaetzlein, chairman ; James H. Bowman, William C. Young, F. Higgins, J. Denvir, J. Tengberg, P. J. Maas, John Ross, A. Kroepelin, W. H. Crentz, J. J. Baumruck, Fred Wagner, J. S. Weston, W. A. H. Strehlow, Charles Schneider. The office of the Port Jervis (N. Y.) Union wears two scalps at the belt won in recent advertisement contests. Mr. George V. Padien, of the advertising staff, was suc¬ cessful in the advertisement designing competition inau¬ gurated by the National Advertiser, of New York City, and open to all the newspapers of the United States. Mr. Pa¬ dien is an artist as well as a writer, and therefore combines the two talents most essential to the preparation of ads. For artistic composition the foreman of the Union office, Mr. Ed McWade, is the recipient of a cash prize from a large firm doing extensive newspaper advertising. The Union may well congratulate itself on the quality of its staff. By the courtesy of H. H. Zahn & Co., printers, Milwau¬ kee, The Inland Printer is in receipt of two neat bro¬ chures issued by the typothet® of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, being two papers read at recent meetings of that organiza¬ tion, on the subjects of “ The Cost and Value of Composi¬ tion,” by John W. Campsie, Evening Wisconsin office, and “ Uniform Estimate and Tender Blanks,” by Alonzo Fowle. The Inland Printer reproduces one of these papers in this issue and compliments the society on the neat form of the productions. The other will appear later. If the typotheta; were to place such practical lectures on sale at a nominal price, a wide-reaching influence might be derived from them for the good of the trade. The forty-first annual outing of the New York State Press Association was held at the Thousand Islands on the St. Lawrence. It commenced Tuesday, June 28, and lasted three days. The outing was largely attended and was an unqualified success. The reports of President H. A. Brockway and Secretary A. O. Bunnell showed the associa¬ tion to be in a prosperous condition. The following officers were elected : President, Louis McKinstry, of Fredonia ; vice-presidents — G. A. Willard, of Boonville, Charles S. Munger, of Herkimer, A. B. Colvin, of Glens Falls, John I. Platt, of Poughkeepsie, and W. J. Kline, of Amsterdam ; secretary and treasurer, A. O. Bunnell, of Dansville ; execu¬ tive committee — Horace J. Knapp, of Auburn, G. S. Gris¬ wold, of Batavia, J. W. Slauson, of Middletown, Fred P. Hall, of Jamestown, and W. J. Allen, of Adams. Representatives of the printing and allied trades held a convention in Albany, New York, June 16, 17. Strong resolutions were adopted protesting against the establish¬ ment of printing plants in the prisons of New York State to compete with outside honest workmen. The delegates were given a reception by Albany Typographical Union, No. 4. Before adjourning the delegates perfected a permanent organization named the Allied Printing Trades Council of the State of New York. The following officers were elected : President, T. D. Fitzgerald, Albany; vice-presidents — James J. Ryan (photo-engravers). New York, A. J. Bolton (stere¬ otypers), New York, H. Liebman (pressmen), Syracuse ; sec¬ retary-treasurer, T. H. Wheaton (printers), Syracuse. The executive committee was empowered to fill the vacancies in the offices of second and fifth vice-presidents from unions whose representatives could not remain for the second day’s session. Henry B. Meyers, of New Orleans, Louisiana, sends a curiosity in the form of some verses without any e’s. When one reflects that e is the letter most used, the relative propor¬ tions being 180 times to j four times, k eight times, g seven¬ teen times, and i forty times, the fact that each stanza of this curiosity gives the whole alphabet with the exception of e will prove its merit. THE FATE OF NASSAU. Bold Nassau quits his caravan, A hazy mountain grot to scan ; Climbs jaggy rocks to spy his way. Doth tax his sight, but far doth stray. Not work of man nor sport of child Finds Nassau in that mazy wild ; Lax grow his joints, limbs toil in vain — Poor wight ! Why didst thou quit that plain ? Vainly for succor Nassau calls ; Know, Zillah, that thy idol falls ; But prowling wolf and fox may joy To quarry on thy Arab boy. At the third annual convention of the National Body of Associated Typesetting Machine Engineers, just held at Boston, among other important measures relative to their distinctive trade, the following resolutions were adopted unanimously : Whereas, The International Typographical Union, at their convention held at Colorado Springs, Colorado, decided to appoint a committee to devise the best possible way of reducing the hours of labor of the book and job branch of the printing industry ; and. Whereas, The International Printing Pressmen’s Union, at their recent convention held at Detroit, Michigan, also decided in the afSrmative on the shorter workday question, and ordered that a committee be appointed to cooperate with the committee from the International Typographical Union ; therefore be it Resolved, By the Associated Typesetting Machine Engineers, in conven¬ tion assembled, that we tender the International Typographical Union and the International Printing Pressmen’s Union our most earnest and loyal cooper¬ ation in order to effect such reduction in the hours of labor in the book and job branch of the printing industry ; and be it further Resolved, That our national president be and is hereby empowered to carry out the sentiment expressed herein to its fullest intent ; and be it further Resolved, That a copy of the foregoing resolutions be forwarded to the presidents of the International Typographical Union and the International Printing Pressmen’s Union. The following officers were elected by the convention for the ensuing year : President, George H. Rothmann, New York (reelected) ; first vice-president, John McPhail, Bos¬ ton, Mass.; second vice-president, Albert E. Roth, St. Louis, Mo.; secretary-treasurer, Henry C. Zenke, New York (re¬ elected). Board of Directors — D. A. Osborne, Boston, Mass.; William M. Morrison, New York ; A. B. Chapman, Boston, Mass.; William Moore, New York; Her Noortwick, St. Louis, Mo.; John H. Williamson, New York; Thomas H. Bell, Cleveland, Ohio. THE USE OF MONOGRAMS. The monogram is a feature of smart stationery. Just now we are using the little Louis XV. rococo frames, or some kind of circle to inclose it. The bow knot is, of course, in evidence, and the stationer’s art supplies very dainty variations of this Frenchy design. For many years the custom of stamping the address with white ink on gray or blue paper has been seen at intervals in this country, but London sends over the fad as something new. An authority says that the address dies in London are larger and sunk deeper than those made in America, and thus allow the white ink or paint to stand forth in bolder relief. American engravers cut their dies, while those in England and France stamp their letters into steel blocks by a powerful letter stamp. This makes the cutting much deeper and sharper, aud gives a better effect than our way. — Geyer's Stationer. 586 THE INLAND PRINTER, TWO DESERVED PROMOTIONS, Edward PAYSON SUTER has been appointed man¬ ager of the Philadelphia branch of the American Type Founders’ Company, to fill the vacancy caused by the recent and lamented death of Mr. William Brashear MacKellar. Mr. Suter was promoted from the Baltimore branch of the same company, and Mr, W. Ross Wilson, who was Mr. Suter’s chief assistant, succeeds as manager of the Baltimore branch. On this and the following page we have pleasure in pub¬ lishing the portraits of these two gentle- m,en. The customers of the Philadelphia branch may be gratulated on the ap- pointment of Mr. Suter, whose long familiarity with the product of the Mac¬ Kellar, Smiths & Jor¬ dan Foundry, com¬ bined with his well- known respect for its fame and traditions, and whose extended experience in large business affairs fur¬ nishes the assurance that he will uphold its reputation, while his progressive char¬ acter leads us to pre¬ dict that he will ex¬ tend the scope of its business usefulness. Edward Pay son Suter was born in Baltimore in 1849, and, losing his pa¬ rents in early in¬ fancy, was brought up and educated as the foster son of Mr. John Ryan, owner of the John Ryan Type Foundry, who for many years vice- president of the old Type Founders’ As¬ sociation of the United States. Al¬ though his earliest active connection with the type foundry was in 1881, as a lad he acquired a general knowledge of the art of type founding and the methods of disposing of the product. Completing his education in the public schools, young Suter developed a remarkable capacity for business, and at the age of seven¬ teen handled large city and national government contracts. He then entered the real-estate business, and subsequently became a member of the firm of Sheeler & Ripple, a live¬ stock concern doing an annual business of $2,000,000. Mr. Suter managed the finance and law department. Retiring on account of ill health, after a time Mr, Suter carried on business in New York City as an advisory commercial expert. The increasing years of Mr. John Ryan and mutual interests induced Mr. Suter to undertake the management of the John Ryan Foundry in 1881, since which time it has steadily progressed. In 1892 it was acquired by the Ameri¬ can Type Founders’ Company, and Mr. Suter continued as manager. It has proved a successful branch, and the pro¬ motion of Mr. Suter to a more important branch indicates the high esteem in which he is held by the general manage¬ ment of the company. Mr. Suter has been an active member of the Baltimore Typothetae and chairman of its Entertainment Committee since its organization. During the period covered by his management of the foundry in Baltimore he has made many strong friendships among the newspaper and printers of the Middle and Southern States. He is of an even temper¬ ament and pleasing address, and al¬ though of quiet de¬ meanor, he gets into close touch with and secures the confi¬ dence and respect of his customers, who receive that courteous consideration which takes off the rough edges of business and brings it to a higher plane — in a word, he is an approachable man in the best sense of that term, with a kindly disposition. He devotes his leisure time to philosophical, historical and arche¬ ological studies, and has accumulated a valuable and inter¬ esting collection of ancient coins and an¬ tiquities. W. Ross Wilson, the new manager of the Baltimore branch of the American Type Founders’ Company, was born in Balti¬ more in 18SS, received a public school edu¬ cation, and has al¬ ways resided in that city. As a young man he acquired a knowledge of the construction of machinery, and in 1880 became associated with the firm of Bateman, Hooper & Co., dealers in type and manufacturers of printers’ supplies, who also carried on a printers’ machine shop. In 1883 the firm was changed to Hooper & Wilson, and in 1888 a type foundry was added to the business. In 1892 the business was purchased by the American Type Founders’ Company, and Mr. Wilson was appointed assistant to Mr. E. P. Suter, the manager, and devoted his attention especially to the machinery department of the business with marked success, establishing a well-equipped machine shop for the rebuild¬ ing and repair of printing and bookbinding machinery, and developing business in all possible directions. EDWARD PAYSON SUTER. Recently appointed manag-er of the Philadelphia branch of the American Type iders’ Company. THE INLAND PRINTER. 587 Mr. Wilson is well equipped to manage the business at Baltimore, and his quiet, successful way of handling the Recently appointed manager of the Baltimore branch of the American Type Founders’ Company. trade will enable him to win the continued favor of the com¬ pany’s patrons at that point. TRADE NOTES. The Inland Type Foundry, of St. Louis, Missouri, has acquired the plant, stock and good will of the Western Engravers’ Supply Company of that city. William S. Waterbury, of Ballston, New York, late chief clerk of the Government printing office, has been made manager of the Albany (N. Y.) Engraving Company. Announcement is made that the association between Robert T. Sloss and the Corell Press, of New York, has been terminated by mutual agreement. Mr. Sloss will con¬ tinue to serve his patrons in the name of the Winthrop Press, 32 Lafayette place. Philip T. Dodge, president and general manager of the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, of New York, has been placed at the head of the commission appointed by Gov¬ ernor Black to examine voting machines and report to the secretary of state upon their utility. A cleverly illustrated announcement card has been received, stating that Mr. P. Richards, the caricaturist, has returned from his European tour and has resumed work in his studio, 12 Union Square, New York. Specimens of Mr. Richards’ work will be found in the New York comic papers. We are informed that suit has just been brought in the United States Circuit Court at Chicago, by the Miehle Printing Press and Manufacturing Company, against the Campbell Printing Press and Manufacturing Company, for the infringement of the Miehle bed-motion patents by the Campbell Company in the manufacture of the Century Presses. The Miehle Company announces its determination to protect its rights under these patents, and this suit would seem to evidence its good faith in warning the public against infringing. Color-printing has been more or less of an experiment in American magazines. Scribner's made a hit with the cover of their last Fiction number, and they promise to repeat it this year with a brilliant design by Gorguet. The same issue will contain four pages of color work, repro¬ ducing designs by Vogel. The plates were made in France, but the printing is American. Will H. White, formerly advertising manager for Lyon & Healy, has assumed the duties of advertising manager of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad at Chicago, having charge of all advertising business west of the Ohio river. Mr. White has considerable experience in the line of printing and advertising, and this knowledge he finds of great assistance to him in his new railroad position. Herbert L. Baker, manager of the Buffalo branch of the American Type Founders’ Company, sends a blue pencil to his editor customers, with a neat circular, neatly packed in a box, with the legend, “A Discourager of Miscellaneous Idiocy.” The pencil is made of paper, on the spiral wrap¬ pings of which appropriate advertising matter is printed. Mr. Baker is as original as he is business-like. The Byron Weston Company, Dalton, Massachusetts, has issued a sample book of their ledger and record papers. The book gives a bird’s-eye view of the mills, reproduced in half-tone by two printings, and also an excellent picture of the “Bonanza” flowing artesian well from which the mill gets its water. The sizes, weights and prices of the different papers made are also shown. Gether & Drebert have opened a wareroom at 118 Huron street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where they will carry in stock a complete line of type, machinery, brass rule, cases, cabinets and all requirements for printing estab¬ lishments. Printers in Milwaukee and the Northwest will find this a very convenient place to order goods. The Inland Printer can be found on sale each month by this firm. A CORRESPONDENT Calls our attention to an error in an item, page 413 July issue, concerning shipments of paper-mill machinery to Japan. The paper-making machines were shipped from Hamilton, Ohio, not from Hamilton, Ontario. The machinery was turned out by the Black & Clawson Company, the well-known manufacturers of paper-mill and bookbinders’ machinery, and we learn from that firm that fifty-one cars were shipped, and not twenty-one, as stated. A BEAUTIFULLY designed and printed booklet has been received from the Whiting Paper Company, of Holyoke, Massachusetts. “A Bookkeeper’s Eyes ” is the appropriate title, the subject matter dealing with the Whiting ledger papers, and the tints used, with a particular regard to reducing the strain upon the eyesight. The booklet was “arranged and printed by Will Bradley, at the Wayside Press, Springfield, Massachusetts.” It must therefore be seen to be appreciated. Mr. Bradley’s taste in typography is beautifully shown in this production. The Bullock Electric Manufacturing Company, Cincin¬ nati, Ohio, issues from time to time bulletins describing its output. Bulletin No. 25, issued June 1, describes its mul¬ tipolar generators and motors for direct-current lighting and power, but No. 26 is of more interest to printers, book¬ binders and those in kindred trades, as it describes motors especially adapted for running printing presses, linotypes, folding machines, and other bookbinders’ and printers’ machinery. Pictures are shown of the motors attached to cylinder presses of different makes, and to job presses. Also an interior view of the pressrooms of the Munsey 588 THE INLAND PRINTER. Magazine Company, New London, Connecticut, in which all the machinery is operated by motors. A UNIQUE style of printing, called “tattoo” printing, has been devised by the Housh Company, 57 Cornhill, Bos¬ ton. As its name implies, it is a form of perforation print¬ ing, the work being done with “patent embossing perforat¬ ing-printing plates.” The work can be done on any job press. The effect is decidedly novel, and in the circular submitted by the house some very artistic effects are shown, as the work can be done in colors or in blank. A specimen book has been issued by the company, in which printers will find much to interest and amuse them. The contract for doing the New York legislative print¬ ing for the two years commencing October 1 was awarded at Albany, June 17, to Charles Tollner, of Brooklyn. His bid as computed was $68,611. Mr. Tollner conducts a print¬ ing and binding establishment at 292-296 Graham street, Brooklyn. The present contract is held by the Wynkoop- Hallenbeck-Crawford Company, of New York and Albany. Their bid, which was the next lowest, aggregated $73,653. Nearly every Albany printing firm had submitted bids. The secretary of state, attorney -general and state comp¬ troller comprised the board which awarded the contract. Amasa J. Parker, Jr., on behalf of the Albany Argus Com¬ pany, protested against the awarding of the contract to Tollner or to the Wynkoop-Hallenbeck-Crawford Company on the alleged ground that there was coalition between these two bidders, to the detriment of the State’s interests. He was informed that the courts could apply the remedy if this claim could be demonstrated. The Wynkoop-Hal¬ lenbeck-Crawford Company denies any coalition with Mr. Tollner. NEWSPAPER GOSSIP. The Ashland (Ohio) Press celebrated its fifty-second anniversary on July 1. Sam G. Sloane, of the Citizen, Charles City, Iowa, has sold a half interest in his paper to W. B. Penniman. A Wisconsin editor, A. J. Hood, of the Muscoda Watch¬ man, has recently invented an improvement in a printing press. Fire destroyed the office and plant of the Peru (Neb.) Times on the morning of July 8. Editor C. F. Fordyce had no insurance, but had just made application. Keep insured ! With the issue of July 2 the Courier, Gibson City, Illi¬ nois, passed from Mr. E. Lowry to his sons Charles E. and Russell Lowry. Ill health on the part of Mr. Lowry is the cause of the change. George C. Canfield and George E. Dickson, who were associated with the late Penny Press, of Minneapolis, Min¬ nesota, are projecting a plan for a weekly paper on similar lines to that of the Press. The Enterprise, Cambridge Springs, Pennsylvania, is now issued twice a week. The paper has been established five years, and has been eminently successful. The price will be kept at $1.50 per year. The Ludington (Mich.) Appeal celebrates its twenty- fourth birthday with a special edition and supplement, fur¬ nishing its patrons a large amount of original local matter of an historical and descriptive character. William Henry Baker, advertiser for A. M. Rothschild & Co., Chicago, has been reengaged by Schlesinger & Mayer, whom he left about two years ago to accept his present position with the Rothschild company. Kirby Thomas, manager of the Evening Telegram, West Superior, Wisconsin, has established a bureau of adver¬ tising and ad. making for the assistance of patrons of the paper in preparing their advertising matter. Experienced men in the advertising field are engaged, and the aid of the staff artists is called in on the department, the services of which are given gratuitously. The York Journal is having a new press constructed for printing its half-tone Sunday supplements, that they may be made to match the high-grade work of such magazines as Harper's Weekly and others of typographic merit. Col. W. W. Williams, an old newspaper man, has started a weekly paper in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The Citizen is its name and it proposes to deal with public questions in “an honest and straightforward manner.” The Inland Printer acknowledges the receipt of sev¬ eral copies of Chippewa Luck, printed from rubber type, one letter at a time, by Clayton Lord, aged twelve, and An¬ other. We understand that the citizens of Chippewa Falls are appreciative of the efforts of the young editors. Under its new auspices the Ypsilanti (Mich.) Commer¬ cial shows decided improvement. The old fancy heading has been abandoned for a more sensible style, the editorial and news columns assume a more business-like appearance, and animation has been infused into the wording and com¬ position of the advertisements. The first number of the Utah Editor and Printer, pub¬ lished monthly by Charles P. and Isaac E. Diehl, Eureka, Utah, is out. It contains twelve pages of interesting matter, and starts in with four pages of advertising. One novelty is the ruled border about the pages. The publication gives western journalists and printers much information of value. The Prison Mirror, published in Stillwater State Peni¬ tentiary, Minnesota, which has frequently had favorable notice in these columns, has suspended. The two printers and editors who conducted it have been released owing to good behavior, and as there are only preachers, lawyers and bankers and other professional men left, the paper has succumbed. The issue of June 24 of Newspaperdom was adorned with a handsome cover, and had an unusual quantity of good matter. No exchange that comes to The Inland Printer is more carefully read than Newspaperdom. Bright, crisp and practical, it comes from men of experience, and no newspaper publisher should be without it. The paper is now $1 per year. The Westlicher Herold, of Winona, Minnesota, has been giving its readers the benefit of a typographical spread. With its number of May 22 were issued two supplements of eight pages each, printed on pink paper. This extra num¬ ber was devoted to a description of “Winona, the Queen of the West.” Many half-tones and zinc etchings of promi¬ nent people, and public and other chief buildings enlivened its pages. P. A. CoNNE has resigned the presidency of the Asso¬ ciated Advertisers’ Club of Chicago, owing to his removal to New York, where he will become the advertising manager of the Siegel-Cooper Company. William Henry Baker, the club’s secretary, was unanimously elected president to suc¬ ceed Mr. Conne, and Miles B. Hilly succeeds Mr. Baker as secretary. The club is in a flourishing condition, and extends a welcome to all advertisers and publishers visiting Chicago. The Detroit Evening News has adopted the motorcycle for the use of its advertising solicitors and finds its use a business-promoter more ways than one. The Newspaper Maker in a recent number illustrates the novel use to which the “ordercycle” is put, and adds by way of descrip¬ tion: “The solicitor starts out in the morning on his ‘round of pleasure’ in a handsome ‘ordercycle,’ accom¬ panied by his dusky assistant, who fills the offices of engineer, coachman, footman, valet, secretary, and last. THE INLAND PRINTER. 589 but not least, motive power. It is reported that since the ‘ordercycle’ was introduced, a few weeks ago, the patron¬ age has increased wonderfully.” Harry W. Keeny, business manager of the Sentinel, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, sends to The Inland Printer the scheme used by his paper in soliciting advertising. This consists of a neat circular calling attention to the value of the paper as an advertising medium, very briefly stated, and a card of rates, and advice that a sample copy is sent under another cover. A heavy manila envelope with patent fastener is used to mail the sample copies, so that the paper is laid before the prospective advertiser in the best possible shape. A neat corner card on the envelope printed in red announces the contents as special sample copies. The art or science of advertising is advancing rap¬ idly, and while the favorite form of advertising a town or country has been by means of expositions, the citizens of St. John, New Brunswick, have come to the conclusion that the Canadian coast summer resorts need some sort of permanent advertising. They have formed a voluntary association under the auspices of the St. John Board of Trade, entitled the New Brunswick Tourist Association, of which Mr. Ira Cornwall is secretary. The association has prepared a handsome and fully illustrated pamphlet descriptive of the province, which will be sent free to anyone on application to the secretary. The association also offers to prepare articles for editors specially for their use, and will also supply illustrations for the same. The matter will be pre¬ pared as ordered and no charge attached. BUSINESS NOTICES. This department is designed exclusively for business announcements of advertisers and for descriptions of articles, machinery and products recently introduced for the use of printers and the printing trades. Statements published herein do not necessarily voice the opinion of this journal. TIME PASSED FOR LAGGARD METHODS. As the electric car is to the omnibus so is the Golding Jobber to old-style machines. It costs a little more than other job presses, but it is worth a great deal more. How¬ ever cheaply presses of antique design, of slow speed and without improved facilities for making ready can be bought, they are costly. If in the market for job presses, investigate the Golding Jobber. LEVY^S FOUR-LINE SCREEN. The Electric City Engraving Company, Buffalo, New York, whose advertisement appears upon page Sll, desires to call the attention of the trade to the plate shown in their ad. this month. It may be interesting to readers of The Inland Printer, owing to the fact that it is made with Levy’s new patent four-line screen, which they have recently added to their plant in order to be up with the times. Those familiar with half-tone plates will be glad to exam¬ ine this specimen of work, and compare it with the ordinary screens used for this process. NOW GO FISHING. Excellent sport in the way of fishing is now to be had at Diamond Lake, Lake Villa, Fox Lake, Loon Lake, Channel Lake (Antioch), Camp Lake, Silver Lake, Brown’s Lake (Burlington), Lake Beulah, Phantom and Eagle Lakes (Mukwonago), Cedar Lake, Lake Winnebago, Neenah, Gill’s Landing, Waupaca, Phillips, Fifield, and many other resorts on the Wisconsin Central Lines within easy reach of Chicago. That company has just issued a neat little book¬ let called “Vacation Suggestions,” both illustrative and descriptive of all of the different resorts on its lines. The 5-7 book also contains valuable information in the way of round-trip tourist rates to the different resorts, the names of hotels, capacity, rates, both by the day and week, etc. For copies of this booklet and other matter, address City Ofiice, 204 South Clark street, Chicago. SOMETHING NEW. There seems to be an ever-increasing demand for galleys, especially since typesetting and linotype machines have come into general use, requiring a great many galleys for storage purposes. The Challenge Machinery Company is manufacturing plate-zinc galleys, which must become popu¬ lar because they are serviceable and cheap ; they retail for about one-half the price of brass galleys. The material used is compressed zinc, prepared especially for this pur¬ pose ; shaped in special molds, and the corners reinforced, which makes them substantial and durable. Circulars, with sizes and prices, may be obtained from any type founder or dealer in printing materials. THE DEEGAN PAGE FASTENER. The Morgans & Wilcox Company, Middletown, New York, are manufacturing a device to take the place of page cord for tying up pages. It is the Deegan page fastener, illustration of which is shown on page 520. It is said to be a quick, accurate and satisfactory device, and is certainly worth investigating. A UNIQUE PRICE LIST. Among the most recent examples of the unique and useful forms of advertising prepared by the J. W. Butler Paper Company, of Chicago, is the July Net Price List, which is a folder in eight folds, gotten up in the style of a railroad time-table. It is suited to the pocket or desk, and is designed to furnish the printer with a quick reference and calculator on prices, weights, sizes, etc., of all the paper carried by this large house. It is a time-saver that printers will appre¬ ciate. See the advertisement on page 493. CABINETS FOR BORDERS AND SCRIPT TYPE. Some months ago we illustrated and described a cabinet manufactured by the Hamilton Manufacturing Company, Two Rivers, Wisconsin, intended for holding borders and script type, brought out at the suggestion of Mr. J. W. Rowen, of St. Louis. The Hamilton Company found it met with so much favor among printers that they decided to make cabinets of the same style in a number of different sizes, and can now furnish, in addition to the first size made, cabinets of 6, 10, 16, 20, 30 and 40 drawers, and can build larger sizes to order, if required. Since borders have come so extensively into use for newspaper advertising and other work, some method of keeping these is absolutely essential. No better method can be found than these cabinets, as the drawers are set at an angle so that the type can be kept upon its feet, the face readily examined, and as much removed each time as required, with very little difiiculty. 590 THE INLAND PRINTER. The high price of script type and its extreme delicacy of face also make it necessary for printers to provide some method of taking care of script fonts. The ordinary way of placing type in a regular case, but upon its feet instead of being thrown in promiscuously, is all right, if proper care is used. But unless everyone in the office is closely watched, rules regarding its use and handling are very apt to be violated, the consequence being that before long the fonts are ruined. By the use of these cabinets the fonts can be kept in perfect shape, and there will be no risk of having other cases laid upon them to damage the face. In fitting up offices for economy of time and with a view to saving material, printers should make it a point to include one or two of these cabinets. THE PERFECTION TYPE CASE. Elsewhere in this issue appears an advertisement of the Perfection Type Case Company, of Cincinnati, Ohio, illus¬ trating and presenting to our readers the “ Perfection ” sys¬ tem of type cases, which is no doubt a decided improvement over the old case, and we believe will meet with universal favor among compositors in general, as it is a step in the direction of retarding the inroads of machine composition, and for this reason should receive the stamp of approval of every compositor who has the welfare of his profession really at heart. The case presents no radical change in the “lay,” and none whatever in the alphabet, it remaining identically the same throughout as that of the old case, while the points and spaces are more closely assembled near the “ stick hand,” making the case more compact and better proportioned, simplifying it, minimizing the labor of justi¬ fication, and resulting in a great saving of time in composi¬ tion. The case as a whole is so practical and comprehensive that it at once arouses the compositor’s appreciative sen¬ sibilities, and, we predict, will become so popular with the craft that it will meet with a general demand wherever type cases are in use. It is made in all the standard sizes, and is for sale by leading typefounders and printers’ sup¬ ply houses, or can be had by sending direct to the Perfec¬ tion Type Case Company, patentees and sole manufacturers, 526 Elm street, Cincinnati, Ohio. EUROPEAN OPINION OF THE CATALOGUE LAUREATE. From the Schweher Graphische Milteilunge7i. By Aug-ust Muller, St. Gallen, Switzerland. “The press work and refined taste displayed in the booklet recently issued by the John Thomson Press Com¬ pany, of New York, represented in Switzerland by A. Stamminger, of Berne, about their improved Bed and Platen Presses, shows an amazing degree of perfection. These presses, which were introduced in Europe under the name of the ‘ Colt’s Armory,’ have been most materially improved ; and to judge from the descriptive pamphlet, they seem to have reached the acme of efficiency as regards quality of work. “In this catalogue, the presswork is without a flaw and the treatment of the views of machines as printed is abso¬ lutely exemplary. Such cuts must charm the eye of every expert printer. Leaving aside the eminent intrinsic excel¬ lence of the plates, they are printed so clearly, in such clean style, and the tints, which at times run somewhat exaggeratedly into the text, are rendered so airily that the illustrations have a strong semblance of high-grade pro¬ ductions of the photographer’s art. “One of the two art supplements, ‘The Ironworker and King Solomon,’ is extremely effective. Were it not for the network which, at close scrutiny of the expert, character¬ izes it as a print, it would pass for a photograph on dead finish paper, so sharply are lights and shadows contrasted. According to the explanation furnished at the foot of the picture, the process consisted in making from the same plate a first print in black and thereafter running another imprint of transparent brown over the first print. This explains the magnificent plasticity of the print. The second art supplement, ‘The Herald,’ in three colors, is consider¬ ably distanced by the excellence of the above described gem. “The book is under a cover of greenish cardboard, and good advantage has been taken of its ground color on the front cover. The latter, with the exception of the lettering and the ornaments, is covered with two tints of green, so that the lines and the beautifully designed thistle ornament appear in lighter shades. The faultless relief-surface work of these parts enhances the effect immensely, so that the pamphlet, which appears to be held together by two green bows, represents from cover to cover a typographical mas¬ terpiece of the first rank. “ We do not belong to those who proclaim everything coming from America uncontestedly as supreme and unat¬ tainable; but with a production like the pamphlet before us, the keenest criticism is disarmed.” In connection with the foregoing, attention is directed to the color insert in this issue of The Inland Printer, contributed by the Coloritype Company ; also to the other advertisement of John Thomson Press Company, page 508. THE HOE PRESS MARCHES ON.” This is the year when “jubilees” are strictly in order. There are few in the field of mechanical invention and improvement more entitled to a generous celebration of this character than R. Hoe & Co., of New York and London. The “march of ideas” as represented in the tremendous development of newspaper making might have fretfully waited, and waited in vain, for an adequate material equipment, had not the fer¬ tile genius of the firm of R. Hoe & Co. invented and introduced the rotary prin¬ ciple in the printing press, which enabled the printer for the first time in the his¬ tory of printing to lock his type form on a curved sur¬ face, place this surface on a cylinder and revolve it at a speed which made the name of “ lightning press ” given to this class of machine a very appropriate one. The history of modern journalism, with its large editions, in rapid succession, may be said to date from the invention of this principle. The Hoes, father and sons, have a world-wide reputation as inventors of printing presses. It is not strange, then, that nearly every year in the history of the firm of R. Hoe & Co. has been marked by the perfection of some new style of newspaper press that involved a new principle or combina¬ tion of principles, increasing efficiency and speed. Beginning with the “Single” stereotype web perfecting press, which produced papers at a running speed of 24,000 four-page and 12,000 eight-page papers per hour, delivered without being folded, there followed the addition of folding machines to fold the papers as fast as they were printed, after which they evolved the “Three-page-wide,” “Double,” “Double Supplement,” “Quadruple,” “Sextuple” and “ Octuple ” presses, the latter being equal, as the name implies, to eight “ Single ” machines, and printing from four rolls of paper, each as wide as four pages of a news¬ paper, producing eight-page papers at a running speed of One Hundred Years Ago. THE INLAND PRINTER. 591 96,000 per hour, and newspapers with any number of pages up to twenty-four, all inset, at proportionate speeds, the products cut, pasted, folded and counted. When it is known that in one hour, running continuously at full speed, this press will print on roll paper equal to 130 miles in length the width of a page of a newspaper, some idea can be formed of its enormous capacity. The type web rotary perfecting press, a combination of the first rotary principle with the web press principle of using large rolls or webs of paper and printing from indivi¬ dual type locked on the cylinders in forms, printing the sheet on both sides, de¬ livering the papers folded and pasted at speed equal to the stereotype press, was another not¬ able achievement never equaled or attempted by any other firm. This style of press enabled proprietors who did not wish to stereotype to print from a rapid press using type, so saving the time and expense of stereotyping. Besides these named above, R. Hoe & Co. have also made some sixty-eight three-roll (sometimes called “straight line”) machines, printing from double or single width rolls of paper placed parallel to each other, the one with three single-width rolls having the same capacity as the “Double Supplement” press; but one of the most popular of all is their famous “Quadruple” press, known over the civilized world as the most efficient, convenient and economical per¬ fecting press of the kind made, turning out four, six or eight page papers at a running speed of 48,000 per hour ; ten, twelve, fourteen or sixteen page papers at 24,000, and twenty or twenty-four page papers at 12,000 per hour. This firm meets today, as it always has, the latest and most exacting requirements of the newspaper publisher, even when he would illustrate his sheet in the colors of the rainbow, by actually furnishing him a “ sextuple multi¬ color rotary perfecting press,” made up of seventy tons of steel frame and whirring rollers, that prints a sixteen-page paper, one-half of the pages in four colors, and hands them out cut, folded and counted, ready for the newsboy, at the rate of 30,000 per hour. What more complicated or delicate mechanism than this can be conceived ! It stands for the very personification of inventive genius; and if, as yet, it would be unwarranted to assume that the acme has been reached, nevertheless the growth of the newspaper as a fac¬ tor in modern civilization is based upon this all but human machine enginery of the press. In 1776 there were thirty- seven newspapers in the country, and the facilities in Phila¬ delphia were so crude that it took from July 4 to July 15 for a home paper to print the Declaration of Independence, and seven days longer for the Boston press to make it known. In 1896 there were 20,000 publications and nearly 2,000 dailies alone. Without the perfecting press, to what an insignificant number would dwindle the four billion and a half of copies now annually printed. The widespread recognition of the fact that the rotary perfecting press is indispensable to any large newspaper plant, and even to the success of large book plants, is no more conspicuous than the demand for the best machine to do the work. How far the merits of the Hoe press have con¬ tinued to impress themselves upon the largest publishers is evident from the long list of purchasers who are either add¬ ing to their plants or making entirely new installations. In England, the list begins with the historic “Thunderer,” where the first cylinder presses were originally experi¬ mented with. The Standard, the Telegraph, the Chronicle, Pall Mall Gazette, and thirty other prominent dailies and weeklies; elsewhere in England, in Scotland and Ireland, over fifty publications ; in Australia and New Zealand, twenty ; and in the United States about two hundred offices, including the Tribune, Herald, World, Sun, Journal, News, Mail and Express, Post, Telegram, and others of New York City, and in Chicago the News and Record. Each of these offices have from one to twenty machines. In the last two weeks there have been finished ready for shipment from New York different styles of machines for a number of the prominent offices : The Philadelphia En¬ quirer, Philadelphia Press, Boston Globe, Boston Herald, Los Angeles Times, Utica Press, Elmira Advertiser, Wil¬ liamsport Grit, Orange Judd Company, Hoboken News, Dr. Shoop’s Family Medicine Company and New London Day, besides a large number for London, where more orders have been received than can be executed. Although this firm has made many perfecting presses for the printing of finely illustrated magazines, periodicals, almanacs and large editions of books, they are now at work upon machines which will eclipse all their past achieve¬ ments, and exceed in magnitude even the monster “ Octuple ” presses. These machines are to have many printing cylin¬ ders and to print on rolls as wide as four pages of a news¬ paper. They will be used for magazine supplements with all the four pages printed in four colors, or, a portion in four colors or in two colors, and the remainder in fine half-tones in black. The capacity of this press is up to thirty-two pages of the magazine size, the pages being one-half the size of the newspaper, or sixteen pages of the size of the news¬ paper. There are two rolls of paper, the cylinders arranged for electrotype plates and provided with the best ink-dis¬ tributing and set-off devices. The papers will be trimmed and folded ready to be associated with the newspaper. This is the first attempt to make machines to produce magazines with many pages, having fine color and half-tone work com¬ bined. The construction of such immense machines could be undertaken only by those having vast experience, but the success that R. Hoe & Co. have had with other similar though smaller machines, notably the color presses in the New York World, Herald and Jo2irnal, which are giants themselves, has eliminated the possibility of failure. Mr. French’s article in the July Inland Printer, on “ Mechanical Processes on Modern Newspapers,” gave an insight into the conditions in the great New York offices where the “Octuple,” “Sextuple” and “Quadruple” presses, all of the Hoe make, are the only kind that meet the strain of rapid metropolitan journalism. Much might be The Quadruple Press. said on the comparative merits of these different presses. The “Octuple” and “Sextuple” presses are suited for papers with large editions and numerous pages ; the color “Sextuple” for colored supplements, while the “Quad¬ ruple” has always had an extensive “run” as a popular machine. The Philadelphia Enquirer has just purchased five of these machines. The Chicago News and Record has the most extensive installation in the West — twelve ma¬ chines, all “Quadruple.” In fact, the Chicago News pressroom has come to be one of the points of interest to visitors in Chicago. A gallery is fitted up here, and the public is invited to look down upon The Double Supplement Press. 592 THE INLAND PRINTER. these machines in operation, and watch a ton of paper at one end reeled off through the maze of rollers and cogs until it comes out in papers faster than can be counted, stacking up so rapidly that the attendant is kept busy send¬ ing them to the receiving room above. The visitor who is fortunate enough to meet Superintendent Irving Stone, will be shown “No. 8,” over which he presided during the World’s Fair, and which won an award for efficiency, in addition to the regular awards granted the firm of R. Hoe & Co. With this plant Mr. Lawson is able to issue eight editions daily, running from 24,000 to 100,000 copies per edi¬ tion. Two machines have been recently installed here, and both of them are now operated by electric generators of a most ingenious character. The demand for machines from this country and all parts of the world has become so great that a new extension to the Hoe factory has been made necessary. This is about 113 feet long by 56 feet deep, consists of six stories and base¬ ment, with a tower 200 feet above the street, three of the The Sextuple Press. stories of this tower having a floor area of 5,460 square feet. They now have a total floor space of about nine acres in New York, and two acres in London, all utilized to the utmost for meeting the demands, which have grown instead of fallen off during the past two years of general business depression. The extension is nearly completed, and insures to the Hoe Company space adequate to their immediate needs, although doubtless the growth of the newspaper press and the internal improvement of newspaper plants will make a still further adjustment necessary in the Hoe Works. THE HEART OF THE ‘‘CENTURY." It will pay every progressive printer who is interested in the “reasons why” the Campbell Company are able to make such broad and emphatic statements concerning the capabilities of the “Century” press, to send for their latest brieflet, entitled “The Heart of the ‘Century.’ ” This, we understand, is the first of a series of brief! ets, to be known as “The Reason Why Series,” in which the novel features of the “Century” will be dissected and illustrated. The Campbell Company does not do things by halves, for while its trade journal advertising stands today as the most unique and convincing of all printing press advertising, its circulars, folders or brieflets are none the less original and to the point. BEAUTIFUL METTOWEE PARK, DELAVAN LAKE, WISCONSIN. The Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway makes a specialty of running trains to the summer and fishing resorts of Wisconsin and the Northwest during the summer season. The line reaches many attractive places where rest and recreation can be found. The special Delavan Express leav¬ ing Chicago at 2 p.m. on Saturdays, reaches Delavan at 4:20, making very fast time. For those who wish to visit that resort and return Sunday night, the special leaves Delavan at 6:50 p.m., arriving at Chicago at 9:45. Those desiring to stay until Monday morning can get an early train and reach Chicago at 8:30 A.M., in time for business, if desired. Tick¬ ets and full information can be obtained from F. A. Miller, Assistant General Passenger Agent, Marquette building, or C. N. Souther, Ticket Agent, 95 Adams street, Chicago. Those visiting Delavan Lake can find no better house at which to stop than the Mettowee Park Hotel, which is now under the management of Mr. John E. Ebert, the well-known caterer, who has acquired an interest in the hotel, and will manage the business of this famous resort. Mr. Ebert was formerly manager of the Lake Villa Hotel, Lake Villa, Illinois, and has a reputation for caring for guests in a way that cannot fail to please the most fastidious. No better table can be found than that set by Mr. Ebert. He has accommodations for four hundred guests in the hotel and cottages, the rates being $2 per day and upward. Car¬ riages meet all trains. Full particulars concerning the resort will be sent upon request. “ARABOL" PREPARATIONS. Those who have not tried the padding compositions, pressroom paste, binders’ flexible glues, and other special¬ ties in this line manufactured by the Arabol Manufacturing Company, 13 Gold street. New York, should do so at once. Making a study of this business, and having formulas known to them alone, the Arabol people can furnish a product second to none on the market. Their claim that the goods are the best and cheapest ever put out is corroborated by the fact that many orders are being received from the West and South, some of them duplicate orders, a district that heretofore has not known so much about their wares as cities nearer New York. The house is very liberal to job¬ bers. Full particulars, or quotations for goods in quanti¬ ties, can be quickly obtained by writing the firm at above address. Their advertisement appears upon page 521. VACATION DAYS. In the lake regions of Wisconsin, Northern Michigan, Minnesota, Iowa and South Dakota, along the lines of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, are hundreds of charming localities preeminently fitted for summer homes, nearly all of which are located on or near lakes which have not been fished out. These resorts range in variety from the “ full dress for dinner ” to the flannel shirt costume for every meal. Among the list are names familiar to many of our readers as the perfection of Northern summer resorts. Nearly all of the Wisconsin points of interest are within a short distance from Chicago or Milwaukee, and none of them are so far away from the “ busy marts of civilization ” that they cannot be reached in a few hours of travel, by frequent trains, over the finest road in the Northwest — the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway. Send a 2-cent stamp for a copy of “ Vacation Days,” giving a description of the principal resorts, and a list of summer hotels and boarding houses, and rates for board, to George H. Heaf- ford, General Passenger Agent, Chicago, Illinois. WANT ADVERTISEMENTS. We will receive want advertisements for The Inland Printer price of 25 cents per line for the “Situations Wanted” department i cents per line under any of the other heading’s, .. e. . . - iably the s; - - of each month, and nc - later than the 23d of the month preceding. Answeio ..aji uc ocui. .u uui if desired. All letters received will be promptly forwarded to parties for whom intended without extra charge. No advertisement of less than two lines accepted. BOOKS. and cash to a all type foimders; “The Practical Printer,’' _ oks; sold ;e for circulars. H. G. BISHOP, Oneonta, N. Y. THE INLAND PRINTER. 593 IPERINTENDENCY or foremanship, by one \ 4iPSSS— - U/ ANTED— Situation as attendant or distributor on a COR SALE — 133-line 8x10 s ’ktii.?s'a’;usrpT£; , No. 1512 ; 36 inches HELP WANTED. COREMAN WANTED— Must be able to w- subscriptions : COR SALE — BOOK BINDERY — A job bindery in a city Spp^ySSry/cSofm GERRIEWILSTACH,care Slade, - COR SALE — Old established bindery and job office located COR SALE — Paying Democratic semi-weekly newspaper U 7 ANTED — A strictly first-class all-around photo-en- “U 14,” Inland Printer. \\ 7 ANTED— Electrotyper, all-roun - - w iS'SSK.I PAYING coi 1 up to date; SITUATIONS WANTED. A COMPETENT and first-class pressman wishes a steady ^Y-^NTED-— A man with some cash to buy an i yg-SiaS£=^^i?tKa |^=|ifgg«i|i 594 THE INLAND PRINTER. MISCELLANEOUS. pHALK PLATES RECOATED, only 'A cent an inch. CH ARLES L. STURIEVANT, ATTORNEY AT LAW. CMBOSSING DIES and Burbank’s Embossing- Composi- ENaRAvma INKOLONE — On receipt of 50 cents will mail recipe for pOTTER JOB STEREOTYPING OUTFIT — Practical, ulars mailed free on application. Address NEW YORK TRADE SCHOOL, First avenue. Sixty-seventh and Sixty-eighth streets. New York. JAPANESE PRINTING AND COPYING PAPERS, JAPANESE PAPER NAPKINS. CHINESE PRINTING AND COLORED PAPERS, Gold, Red, Etc. Samples on application. LIONEL MOSES, importer, 25-27 South William Street, New York. B/IRQ/im to hiqhest bidder ! EMPIRE MACHINE To’pSS“Kttle Gasoline Engines THE VAN PH0T0£ff LOUIS iMGRAYINGl (5R4T-4PtNE~S, SXLOUIS.y BS PRESSES We Advertise only Stock in our Wareroom. THE INLAND PRINTER. 595 JUST A LITTLE COURAGE ! You remember the tramp who beard the dog growl and then saw that he was wagging his tail. Yet he didn’t dare to go ahead; he said he didn’t know which end to believe. Scores of printers are in this dilemma now. They hear the dull growl of the hard times dying away in the distance, and then they read this statement from us i The way to make money today is to invest in a Cottrell Flat Bed Perfecting Press. No more pressroom space needed, but double your present product in one-third the time and at one-fourth the cost. They hesitate ! It’s an absolutely sure thing, but — if only they didn’t hear that dis¬ tant thunder ! Now, let us say a word. There are half a dozen ways to miss an opportunity ; there is only one way to secure it. That way is to seize it ! The price you must pay for this oppor¬ tunity is a little courage. Have you ever stopped to think what makes one merchant successful and another unsuccessful? Nearly every mistake may be traced to fear. Two-thirds of the business successes of printers are founded on a little effort and — COURAGE ! C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. 41 Park Row, NEW YORK. 297 Dearborn Street, Chicago. , 596 THE INLAND PRINTER. Ostrander-Seymour TJ7 Perfecting Press 1 OtlV W CD Complete York, to ’whom 0<><>0<>«^^00<> printer should have a copy every month. Will you please send us your namejind address so that we may place you on our mail list ? F. WESEL MFQ. CO. Manufacturers and Dealers in Printers’, Bookbinders’, Electrotypers’, Stereotypers’ and Photo-Engravers’ Machinery and Supplies. Office and Warerooms ; 82 & 84 Fulton St., cor. Gold, Factory : 78 & 80 Cranberry St., cor. Henry, BROOKLYN, N.Y. NEW YORK, N. Y. Perfection type €a$e. It’s modern, gonoenient, Profitable. It’s Practical, Tt’$ Eabor-Saoing. The Perfection Type Case System is truly a common-sense system; is more compact, better proportioned, less complicated, minimizes the labor of justification, and is a source of pleasure to the artistic, brainy, economical and progressive practical printer. betters Patent 507,718. ^1.00 The alphabetical lay is the same throughout as that of the old case, while the several points and spaces are more closely assembled near the “stick hand,” simplifying the case and making it so practical and comprehensive that the compositor’s appreciative sensibilities are aroused at a mere glance and it at once becomes a popular favorite — pleasing to the eye, simple in construc¬ tion, and a money-earner for both employe and employer. Made in all the standard sizes, and for sale by all Type Founders and Printers’ Supply Houses. PERFECTION TYPE CASE CO. 526 Elm St., CINCINNATI, OHIO. Patentees and Sole Manufacturers. SECONDHAND MACHINERY.it ...ELECTROTYPE AND STEREOTYPE... Guaranteed to be in first-class condition in every respect. Write for full description. Two Molding Presses, . . ... 16x22 Shaver Machine, . . . . ... 12x20 Router, . Roughing Machine, . . . . . . 1 7 X 28 Trimmer, . - . . 12x22 Saw, . . . . 28x32 Two Lloyd Blackleaders, ... 17x25 Two Daniels’ Planers, . . . . . 17 X 36 Brush Dynamo, . . . . ... No, 2 Stereotype Casting Box, . . . 14 X 28 Shootboard, . GEO. E. LLOYD & CO.y 202 & 204 s. Clinton st., Chicago. 602 THE INLAND PRINTER. rkk Xypesetter USES ORDINARY TYPE. NO SPECIAL NICKS. Sets anv length of line, and is operated successfully Pv anv compositor. “‘"r'ss! Mh(Soiire E^oeos 0 Limited, Pnime SHireetto Mew Y®iFlko The EMMERICH ^]2roit2iitd and Dustind - tl macbine (GUARANTEED output of 2000 sheets or more per hour. Capacity of large sizes limited only by speed of the printing press. Chase 6x10 in.; weight, 300 lbs., $ 65 Chase 8x12 in.; with throwofE, $120 “ 8x12 “ 600 “ 85 “ 9x13 “ “ “ “ 9x13 “ “ 750 “ 100 “ 10x15 “ “ “ “ 10x15 “ “ 1,000 “ 135 “ 11x17 “ “ “ Steam Fixtures, $ie. Ink Fountain, $12. Boxed and delivered in New York City free. Easiest miming ; simple in construction ; the equal of any other joh press : every one warranted ; for fine as weU as for heavy work ; two weeks’ trial allowed. Send lor circular. ]Vew Champion press Co. Machinists and Manufacturers and Dealers in JOB PRINTING PRESSES, No. 41 Centre Street, N«w York. Emitiericb $ Uonderlebr, 191 and m merth $t. Hew York »»»»»»»»» Special Machines for Photographic Mounts and Cards, Embossing Machines, etc. THE INLAND PRINTER. 603 E3TABU3t1£D /66I inCORPORATED^ ELSE Photo-Process ^NGRAVINCr 4? n ion GRADE W0Rf\. DDOnDTEXECOTIOM, REASOmBLE PRICES. c5PECIALDE61QN& ^ DRAWIMG3 MADETO ORDC!^ TELEPhOME' HARRlSOrs ^(®-(506DEARDODn (ST- CM IGAO O. ClK Bennett Electro Cabinet WITH INDEX — a Necessity, Have you any system for keeping your Electros ? Do you know how many or what you have ? Can anyone in your office find any particular cut at once ? Is your foreman’s memory your only index ? What proof have you that the electro called for is or is not in your possession ? Cbe Rockforfl folder Co. MAKERS, RocWerfl, TlHiieii so Drawers, I4x 18 X 1 inches. Floor Space, 42x20 inches. Shipping IS] Weight, m 270 lbs. I mmi fr^tmgEmgGTfgCTfgpTf^I^HIt?^ This cabinet is well and neatly made of oak. Will store 800 average sized electros- or cuts, ©©©©©©©oo©©©©©©© The Price is ^ ^0 = 604 THE INLAND PRINTER. ELECTRIC MOTORS NO BELTS, NO DIRT, NO GEARS, NO NOISE. More Efficient tfian Shaft¬ ing’ Of Belting. Attached to any Press. Easy to Regulate. Not at all in the way. Cheaper than any other method of operation. 1032 Bromdmkv, DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO ALL MAKES OF PRiNTlNO PRESSES. The Bullock Electric {Ifg. Co. NEW YORK ; St. Paul BuiWiag, BOSTON: 8 Oliver St. PHILADELPHIA; 662 Bourse Building, ATLANTA: 0. H. Wade, 788 Gould Building, DENVER: Thos. H. Smith, 1724 Champa St. CHICAGO : 623 Western Union Building, ST. LOUIS ; St. Louis Electrical Supply Co., 911 Market St. LOUISVILLE; Wood & Speed, 23S Fifth St. SPOKANE ; Eleazer Darrow, 14 and 17 Temple Court, - OINCINNKTI, OHIO. UNEQUALED FACILITIES FOR NEW YORK PASSENGERS via Baltlinorc&OliloR.R. ROYAL BLUE LINE TRAINS of the B. & O. R. R. are now landing and receiving passengers at Whitehall Terminal, foot of Whitehall St., New York, making con¬ nections -under the same roof with the Second, Third, Sixth and Ninth Ave. Elevated Roads j Broadway, Lexington and Columbus Ave. Cable Lines | South Ferry, Hamilton Ferry, Staten Island Ferry and Thirty-ninth St. Brooklyn Ferry. With this Terminal and the new observation car service, the B. & O. are in position to give its patrons the best that can be secured. , . The B. & O. handsomel-y illastrated SUMMER TOURS, showmg routes and rates to man-y delightful resorts, may be had by applying at the City Ticket Office, 193 Clark St., or will be mailed by addressing B. N. AUSTIN, G. P. A., Chicago, or D. B. MARTIN, M, P. T«, Baltimore, Md. Chicago Depot : Grand Central Pass. Station, Harrison St. and Fifth Ave. ^ Cependccker •^posters. We still have on hand a few Posters designed by J. C. Leyendecker to advertise our issues of November and December, 1896, J anuary, February, March, April, May, June and July, 1897. They are in colors, and make valuable additions to the exhibit of any poster collector. These will he sold at IS cents each for the present. The Inland Printer Company, PUBLISHERS, ■ ■ 2S2-2I4 Monroe St. ■ . CHICAGO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 605 f Hchv Do You Spend Your Time? Impatiently malting for the thing to start, while valuable time is wasting, or have you one of the “ Monitor ” Wire Stitchers ? No parts to be changed in order to vary the kind of staple. Wire straightened automatically. The most per¬ fect and durable machine on the market. Drop Cbat Keith Paper Company TURNER^S FALLS, MASS. KEITH LEDGER PAPERS rewrite without difBculty, and have been given the preference by good judges in competitive tests with all other leading brands of Ledger papers. old machine that does such poor work. Sell or trade it for one of the “Monitor” Stitchers, which have been adopted by binderies and publishing houses everywhere, because a time-saving investment. €a$y=runtiin9 Machinery of all kinds for printer and binder. Send for our circular (new each month) of perforating machines, paper cut¬ ters, embossing machines, backers, num¬ bering, paging, punching machines, etc. Address : Latham Machinery Co. 197 SO. CANAL STREET, CHICAGO. RAVFI QTHNP Fiats are made in Laid and Wove, White * "1 Perfection Tints, and are used by Lithograp Stationers and Printers for first-class Commercial Stationery for Insurance Offices and Business Houses generally. These papers are put up ruled and folded, in usual sizes. hers, inks, : also IIJestlogik WPCTI nrk' Flats are well known and highly prized for their good W CO I CUCIV color, cleanliness, freedom from imperfections and all adulterants, strength, hard sizing, and are used for all kinds of commercial work, beinff especially preferred by makers of Blank Books, because they r„_ —eight than other papers. These papers are put up The above Papers are offered to the Trade through Agents located in the principal centers of distribution throughout the Country. Paper Gutter Knives.... ESTABLISHED Di m ^ orliia Gocs & Go No Fake ’Mn our methods. Best Finish, ^ Illy W'Uwd GC Vi/U< Honest Prices, Written Warrant. Try. WORCESTER, MASS. Tor all classes of worK. « « Simple, Cheap and Tnfalllhle. duction of cuts. With outfits local papers can produce their own illustrations and stereo¬ type their standing ads., etc. We make stereotyping ma¬ chinery, power saws, routers, etc. Our combined machines are the best on the market. We warrant everything. WRITE US. HOKE ENGRAVING PLATE CO., - - ST. LOIIS. 5-8 No chemicals, no expen¬ sive plants. The only process adapted to daily newspaper illustration. Com¬ plete outfits, $15.00 and up¬ wards, according to size. A simple machine renders pre¬ vious knowledge of engraving unnecessary for the renro- >HEBER WELLS Successor to Vauderburgh, Wells & Co. 157=159 William St., NEW YORK, Priiturs’ materials “Strong Slat” Cases^^ “STRONG SLAT” is not a fancy nat means that the slats are practically indest ble. No better cases made. Catalogues sent to recognized prin 606 THE INLAND PRINTER. LET US DESIGN THAT CATALOGUE COVER EOR YOU. QEND 5 two-cent Stamps FOR This book contains nearly 500 half-tone reproductions with list of sizes, etc., in which we carry them in stock. These art subjects are used extensively for Calendars, Frontis- plates and other advertising purposes. We have also a growing line of stock orna¬ ments. Send for circular. ELECTRO-TINT ENGRAVING CO Designers and Engrav^ers by all metbods*®*® 723 SANSOn STREET, PHILADELPHIA. THE INLAND PRINTER. 607 608 THE INLAND PRINTER. PHILADELPHIA BRANCH; CHICAGO BRANCH: 424 Library Street. 337-339 Dearborn Street. J. M. HUBER I Tint Mrs, MAKER OF Pure Uarnisbes, I Best Inks. FACTORY: MAIN OFFICE: 76-90 40th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 275 Water St., New York. De Utility Cutter ba$ Good Points! Compound Leverage — makes cutting easy. Patent Clamp for narrow cutting. (This clamp does not crease paper. ) All Cast-iron Parts extra heavy. Screws and Studs of best Machine Steel. All parts Interchangeable. Guaranteed to please. For Circulars, address Pavyer Piiytii piacliiiie WoiRs, 600”2=4 S. Broadway, St. Louis, Mo. Are You Aware that we are nearly ready for the coming Fall trade ? This means that some stock has to be moved to make room for the new incoming lines. Again, some lines are dis¬ carded, some are changed, and all that remains of these lines must be gotten rid off. If you have the cash or its equivalent, you can pick up quite a few bargains just now. Special low prices will also be quoted on many of our regular lines to those who intend to stock up now. Things have been too summer-ly to suit us and we want to make them a little more lively. A word to the wise, etc. Cardboard, UNION CARD & PAPER CO. Paper and Envelopes. 198 William Street, NEW YORK. Ij i M ^ ^ Can make more money by using BRAINS. I llll(vlvlt comes to them each week full of ideas for bringing business, together with styles of advertising composi¬ tion, invaluable to every office. Ijfl l^ll Can increase their advertising by I Uvllvl/Vlv having BRAINS sent to their adver¬ tisers. Advertisers reading BRAINS will do more advertking —pay the publisher more money for space. Special rates for club lists of three or more copies. Sample copies for the asking. Ask BRAINS PUBLISHING CO. 141 t& 155 E. 25th St., NEW YORK. Advertisers in BRAINS get results. Sf it’s S^uffalo Snh you are using, it’s Uhe ^est Buffalo Sprinting Snk Works, Buffalo, PAPER RUTTING MACHINE. Speciality since 1855. MACHINERY FOR THE WHOLE PAPER INDUSTRY. Over 800 H.uuls. YEARLY PRODUCTION; 3,700 MACHINES- 315 145 160 8 ' 200110 0| luy work.s — Leipzig- — iuid include Sapid 80 0 1,725 86 5 340 17 0 155 7 15 110 5 10 07 10 2,075 . - ■- 113 16 2,400 14,900 I Prices are nnderstoud for delivery a . 2 knives of best quality, 2 cutting sticks, sp.auner and oil Packing cases extra, or quotation — delivery free domicile — please appiv direct to my sole agents: Messrs. KAMPE & CO., 76 High Holborn,' LONDON W.'C. J(arl J(rause, Xeip^ig Engineer. THE INLAND PRINTER 609 -^eevERS^ Plain Smooth Laid Antique Laid “Ulster” Linen, Smooth and Rough “Ashmere” Linen, Smooth and Rough “Unique,” Smooth and Rough “White Star” “Princess,” Smooth and Rough “Abbotsford” Deckle-Edge “Shandon” Deckle-Edge “Noiseless” Deckle-Edge “Fort Dearborn,” Enameled “Yellowstone” Manila, Enameled Embossed “Ulster” Linen Embossed “Unique” Embossed “Princess” Embossed “Fort Dearborn” Embossed “Yellowstone” Colored S. & S. C. Book Colored Coated Book “Rialto” Coated Book Document Manila James White & Company, (CORPORATION) PAPER DEALERS, Telephone, Express 672. 177 Monroe St., CHIC/i aEOROE D. FORREST, Secretary. Make and Sett Every Kind of -tt-papci*... USED BY PUBLISHERS AND PRINTERS. Send foi* Our New Catalogue. _ CHICAGO PAPER COMPANY, J20 & 122 FRANKLIN ST. CHICAGO, Cbe Central Paper Company, Nos. 177 & 179 Monroe Street, CHICAGO, Pot all their Roled Papers op in Boxes with five Tablet Boards in each box. SAMPLES ARE NOW READY. IlUnois paper Co. 181 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO. Staple and Qnique Cover and Book papers. WRITE FOR OUR LATEST. UNRIVALED BLOTTING PAPERS, DOCUMENT MANILA, ETC. FOR PRINTERS, PUBLISHERS, ADVERTISERS AND LARGE CONSUMERS DIRECT FROM THE MANUFACTURERS. HEADQUARTERS FOR ■ ■ LOFT. DRIED FLAT WRITINGS, EMBOSSED BOARDS, FANCY PAPERS, RULED HEADINGS, ENVELOPES, WEDDING STOCK, Etc. Don’t Stick Me, but Stick these GAUGE PINS ORIGINAL STEEL GAUGE PINS. Four sizes, 60c. per doz., either size. EDW. L. MEOILL, sticking- these Gauge Pins in the tympan don’t fail to bring the point up through, down; and when you move the gauge to taper with the teeth, but raise the head - when in position, don’t hammer the teeth 1 gently into substantial paper clamped point in a trifle below the feeding line, they may be had, with our other styles, of itor and Manufacturer, by send - 9 Duane Street, NEW YORK. THE INLAND PRINTER. 610 There are Others — and you should find it out. Sales and Proofs of our claims bear us out in our statements. Investigate for yourself by sending for our New Catalogue. Manufacturers ot STEEL AND BRASS TYPE fof Wood and Bag Printing. Send for Secondhand List. GEO. W. PROUTY CO. FACTORY: OFFICE : 15 Union St., WORCESTER, MASS. 100 High St., BOSTON, MASS. DICK’S SEVENTH MAILER. To SAVE labor and secure speed in addressing-, publishers should use R. Dick’s Mailer. With it experts have mailed from 6,000 to 8,586 papers in fifty-seven minutes. For information concerning Mailer, Address Price, $20.25 R. DICK ESTATE, 139 West Tapper St. without Royalty. BUFFALO, N. Y. VERY BEST MAILER. Simple, positive movements; no rubber belts; no trouble; fine adjustments; most rapid; expert record, 170 per minute. Novices can do fast work; experts beat their record when using ^ Horton mailer. More effective and durable than higher-priced machines. '■ For sale at aU branches of the AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS’ CO. Many books come and g-o in a zig’-zag’, uncertain way, but there is one which, like Tennyson’s brook, keeps rig-ht on g-athering- strength day by day. This book is “Hints on Imposition,” a hand¬ book for printers, by T. B. Williams. Every pag-e is replete with information for journeyman printer and apprentice. Nothing- pertaining to the imposition of book forms has been overlooked by the author. The book is a thorough instructor, and as such has become very popular. An important feature of the book is the concise manner in which it deals with the work. The folded sheet and the imposed form are placed side by side in every instance, and directions are given for “making” the margins. Pages of unequal size in the form are fully dealt with, as also all other matters in connection with the work. This book should be in the hands of every printer, and no apprentice can afford to be without it. Thorough Instructor THB INLAND PRINTER COMPANY, Price, leather, $1.00. 212^214 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. Sent postpaid on receipt of-frice. Nassau Street, NEW YORK. THE INLAND PRINTER. 611 Jld^erttsement Composition, Comment and Criticism ««« ninety Ideas on Udoertise- ment Composition During the month of August only, we will fill orders for the fol¬ lowing goods at the prices named, postpaid, with the exception of bound volumes of ‘‘The Inland Printer,’’ which must be sent by express or freight at ex¬ pense of purchaser. Cash in full must accompany all orders. is a reproduction of sixty-eight specimens of advertise¬ ment composition submitted in a prize contest, together with the criticisms and comments of judges of award and others. A book for the apprentice or the journey¬ man. 80 pages ; 25 cents. Sale price, 1 5 cents. is a pamphlet of % pages, containing 90 specimens submitted in an advertisement competition conducted by ^^The Inland Printer.” An interesting book for study and comparison, and one that will furnish valu¬ able ideas to the compositor or ad. writer; 25 cents. ^ ^ Sale price, 1 ^ cents. Both of the above books will be sent for 25 cents. The complete set of 148 designs submitted in the recent advertisement competition of the Riverside Paper Com¬ pany, in book form. This is a valuable work for the compositor, the apprentice, the advertiser or the writer of advertisements, as it gives many suggestions as to proper display. 160 pages, 9 by 12 inches ; express paid, 50 cents. ^ ^ ^ ^ Sale price, 35 cents. magna 0Darta Bona Jia$« Cbe Etiquette of tiaras ana Stationery «««««««««««««« lUbite’i multi (Kolor (Kbart The average person is prone to forget the forms that usage demand should be observed in visiting cards, invitation cards, wedding announcements, death notices, etc. To be able to place in the hands of inquirers a neat code of rules answering all questions, saves much time and secures orders for work. ‘‘ The Etiquette of Cards ” fills all requirements of this nature. No printer doing society printing should neglect securing this convenient and handsome work, which also includes the sentiments of flowers and jewels. 95 pages, 4M by 6X inches ; silver embossed cloth cover; 50 cents. Sale price, 30 cents. contains seventy-three specimens of cover papers of various colors, shades and qualities, on which are printed six colors of ink — black, yellow, red, blue, green and brown — colors most generally in use. Each page shows how each color of ink would look on that particular paper, and also how the various colors look in combination. Of great value to the printer who desires to show his customers the effect of a certain color of ink without the trouble of proving up the job; 80 cents. S ^ ^ ^ Sale price, 50 cents. This knife has been subjected to a careful test for quality of temper. It wiU be found to hold a keen edge and to be of much flexibility, enabling the operator to divide a thin sheet of paper very delicately. In all re¬ spects it is of the most superior manufacture, and is the only overlay knife made that is fully suited to present-day needs. The blade runs the entire length of the handle and is of uniform temper through¬ out. As the knife wears, cut away the covering as required; 50 cents. S ^ Sale price, 30 cents. as follows I Volume IV, October, 1886, to September, 1887 ; Volume VEI, October, 1890, to September, 1891 ; Volume XV, April, 1895, to September, 1895. Sale price, $1.00 each. This price is less than the cost of binding, and no deduction whatever can be made from it. Overlay WU Banasome Bouna Uolutties ‘The Tiilana Primer CHIS is an opportunity that should not be neglected, as no order received later than August 31, 1897, will be accepted at these prices. SEND ORDERS TO Cbc Itilatid printer Co. 150 Nassau Street, New York. 2 J 2-2 1 4 Monroe Street, Chicago. 612 THE INLAND PRINTER. HICKOK BIKES THE W.O. HICKOK MFC. CO. HARRISBURG, PA. PRINTERS. LITHOGRAPHERS, RULERS. BOOK¬ BINDERS. ^ f® j Write for Our to You Cbe l11un$on Cypewriter IS “THE BEST” HT^CHINE. The Highest Qrade Standard of Excellence. Controlled by no Trust or Combine. Contains many desirable features heretofore overlooked by other manufacturers. Address for particulars ; The Munson Typewriter Co. MANUFACTURERS. 240-244 W. Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. N. B.—Oood Agents wanted. The “Munson” Typewriter is used in the Inland Printer oflSce. Never Forgotten. The Advertisers’ Agency, FREE=HAND DRAWING and ILLUSTRATING.... Taug-ht in THE ART STUDENT and the limner. FULLY ILLUSTRATED. SIXTH YEAR. 10 Cents a Copy. $1.00 a Year. Cbc Britisft Printer. A JOURNAL OF THE GRAPHIC ARTS. B & CO., Ltd., THE INLAND PRINTER. 613 THE J. W. O^BANNON CO. 74 DUANE ST., NEW YORK. Bookbinder^ Supplies. Selling' Agents for HOLUSTON LINBN FINISH BOOK CLOTHS, BUCKRAMS, BTC. Imporiers of Oertnaa Book Cloth, Correspondence solicited. Skytogeae, etc. WWiONHAffNER EntftaVin^Co. - DENVER. - Printers’ CHEAPEJ Rollers.. ”■ GODFREY & CO. 909 Sansotn Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Zinc, Ground and Polisbed for Line Etching LOVEJOY CO.’S DRY PAPER MATRIX THE LOVEJOY CO. C. W. CRUTSINGER , I MANUFACTURER OF 1 I Printers’ Rollers and | Composition » 18 North Second Street ST. LOUIS, MO. )R... Glazed Papers Plated Papers Leather Papers Slade, Hipp & Meloy, 71=73 W. Monroe St., CHICAGO. H. Griffin & Sons, ESTABLISHED 1833, BOOKBINDERS’ AND POCKETBOOK MAKERS’ SUPPLIES. MOROCOLINE ^-theo 75 AND 77 DUANE STREET, New York City. I EVERY PRINTER WANTS... 1 “profitable Hdvertising” I THE ADVERTISER’S TRADE JOURNAL. ^ Fully illustrated, bright, original, up-to-date on all Advertising Topics. S The handsomest publication of its kind. ^ Ten Cents brings a sample copy if you mention The Inland Printer. ^ KATE B. GRISWOLD, Editor and Publisher, ^ 13 School St, BOSTON, MASS. FRANK 6. STEWART, HERMAN SCHUESSLER, PrM’t. Gen'l Manager trbe IpbotOsCbromotijpe Engraving Co. 719 Vine Street, - - - PHILADELPHIA. We solicit your correspondence if you appreciate GOOD gtAlITY — LOW PRICE — PROMPTNESS Our Catalogue now ready. 614 THE INLAND PRINTER. Inland Printer Business Biregtory. THE FIRMS ENUMERATED IN THIS DIRECTORY ARE RELIABLE AND ARE COMMENDED TO THE NOTICE OF ALL CONSUMERS OF PRINTERS’ WARES AND MATERIALS. BRASS TYPE POUNDERS. l"3!i?r5€iS”SC Erie, Pa. Write "^“t^e'nte Io7G^®“uluvJrs^‘prfs®s“’’^ Citl)o=Cypo= Goes Lithographing Co. 158-174 Adams St., CHICAGO, MAKING Cr^e Relps. New York trade supplied by ALBERT B. KINO & CO.. THE INLAND PRINTER. 615 THE INLAND PRINTER BUSINESS D I R E CT O R Y — C o ntin u e d . US.i’Lr“.S'SS.Sj: "sS3Sia:-“— A^fSedgertheS "liSiiSSss® ‘'”IL°xf§!SSSs3F “'”STi?£“.iai,£5fL5Sk^ ‘■°'‘ls..f«,%afS ?r*E.*iJS s "•"?& 5tzf hX mS' ■"■" *"££rc.KEusi,r;:»s\vS'.?.iS£Sf Missouri Brass Type Foundry Company, | • 1611 South Jefferson /\venue, | ST. LOUIS, MO. I Brass Type NOT IN THE TYPE TRUST. Manufacturers of of Every Description Made of our Celebrated Extra Quality of Hard Brass. Send for Specimen Books. For Bookbinders, Embossers, Hat Tip Printers and Wood Printers. 616 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE INLAND PRINTER. 617 IHIS WORK can now be purchased at a considerable reduction from its original price. The enormous expense of producing, at first pre¬ cluded the possibility of its being soid at less than $15, the original price, but owing to the dull times it has been decided to sacrifice the work in order to dispose of the copies yet remaining unsoid. It is probable that no second edition of The Color Printer will ever be attempted, and no book of the kind will for a long time, at least, be planned and carried to completion. Therefore this is a rare opportunity for those wishing to purchase one of these works on color printing. To produce a limited edition of this work required 625 different forms and 1,625,000 impressions. The book con¬ tains i66 coiors, hues, tints and shades, produced by mixtures of two colors each, with proportions printed below each. To use colors intelligently and effectively every printer and pressman should have one of these books. Address all orders to THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY, 150 Nassau Street, NEW YORK. 2J2-2J4 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. 618 THE INLAND PRINTER. No. 916. 40c. THE INLAND PRINTER. 619 620 THE INLAND PRINTER. Cinen Ddger and Record Paper Has no superior^ Why not use it ? « « « Our Selling Jidents in ^bicago are INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. A COVER= DESIGN CONTEST Open to all Artists and Designers. Brand to be embodied in the design, the exact proportions of which must be maintained. Size may be larger or smaller. E offer the following' prizes for a cover design for a book which, when completed, will be composed of several hundred different samples of Cover Papers for catalogues, pamphlets, booklets, etc., represent¬ ing the stock to be carried by us for 1898, To become imbued with the proper motif designer should imagine a book 7^ x inches thick, massively constructed and bound with bolts (Butler’s binding), the pages of which are all different and of every conceivable color and texture. On the bound end, one inch of the front and back cover is bolted fast to the book. The entire cover, front, back and end, will be bound in one piece of cloth, of a color not too easily soiled or faded — the shade to be selected by the designer. The design will be stamped on cloth in two colors, or one color and gold. There may be separate designs for the front cover and the back end or one continuous design, as deemed best by the artist. The designs must be submitted in color and exact size, the most particular condition being that in some part of the design our brand shall appear conspicuously, also the words “Samples of Cover Papers,” and also “J. W. Butler Paper Company” (not “Co,”). That the award may be made without prejudice, the designer’s name or initials must not appear on the drawing. The full name and address of the artist must be placed in a sealed plain envel¬ ope ; a small device shall be drawn on the margin of the design and the same device on the envelope for identification ■ — the envelope to be opened after the award is made. That the judges may be men that appreciate the practical as well as the artistic side, and vice versa., they should be acquainted with the detail of the printer’s art, as this book is made especially for his convenience. Four journals, recognized as the highest authority in their respective branches of the art, have kindly agreed to act as judges, namely : The Inland Printer., National Printer-Journalist., American Pressman., Advertising Experience ; a fifth to be chosen by them in case of tie. Completed Book, showing space for design. Size, 7%xl6}4x3J4 inches. Open Book, showing Bolt Binding. First Prize, Second Prize, Third Prize, $65 $25 $10 Contest Closes October 15, 1897. Ten designs next in order of merit will be awarded honorable mention, and a reproduction of same will appear in a pamphlet describing the results of the contest, one of which will be sent to each participant. No questions relating to the contest will be answered, as full directions are contained in the above. Those desiring a return of their designs should send postage for same. The three prize designs will be retained. Address, “CONTEST,” J. W. Butler Paper Company, 212=218 Monroe St., Chicago. 6-1 JOHN KRITSER, Pressman. GEORGE STUCKERT, Feeder. Employed by Franklin Printing Company, Philadelphia, Pa. THE WINNING JOB Printed on a No. 0 4-roIler ^^Century'^ press; Bed, 43 X 56 inches. Letterpress form. Size of sheet, 37 x 56. Pounds to ream of above size, 1 04. Electroplates used. Entire time consumed in make-ready, hrs. Feeder put up all lifts. Actual running speed of press throughout, f,740 per hour. Total number of impressions printed, 425,37 \ . Number of hours and minutes run from the time press started until form was off the press, including all stops, such as washing up, putting up paper, etc., incidental to regular work, 307 hours. Average number of impressions per hour, \ 385, ora total of 13,850 impressions per day. JOHN KRITSER was born in Philadelphia, December 12, 1859, and has been in the em¬ ploy of the Franklin Printing Co. for more than twenty-five years, having worked his way up from the position of packing boy to that which he now holds. George stuckert was born in Philadelphia June 3, 1876, and has been with the Franklin Printing Co. for about seven years. He has never worked for any other concern. ^ ^ ^ Many prominent printers have seen the record of this run, and those not familiar with the “Cen¬ tury” have pronounced it not only remarkable but unprecedented. THE INLAND PRINTER. 623 At the inaug-uration of the Tournament we sent a letter to every user of a “Century” press and to the various Associations of Employing and Employed Printers asking each to name three candidates for Judges of the Contest ; as the result MR. LOUIS H. ORR of New York, MR. C. B. WOODWARD of St, Louis, Mo., MR. JOHN F. EARHART of Cincinnati, Ohio, were chosen and have kindly consented to act. We submit herewith their reports on Contest No. 1: August 19, 1897. Campbell Printing Press and Manufacturing Co., New York City: Gentlemen, — I have examined the work submitted in Contest No. 1 of the Tournament of the “Century” and have no hesitancy in awarding the prizes offered by you in this competition to Mr. John Kritser, pressman, and Mr. George Stuckert, feeder. They have submitted a remarkable record and you are to be congratulated upon the results obtained at the high rate of speed at which this large press was operated. Yours very truly, (Signed) LOUIS H. ORR. August 13, 1897. Campbell Printing Press and Manufacturing Co., New York: Gentlemen, — I am of the opinion that the work submitted by John Kritser, pressman, and George Stuckert, feeder, in the Tournament of the “Century’s” Competition Contest No. 1, is worthy of the prize awarded in above mentioned contest. I congratulate the winners of this award in being able to make 425,371 impressions in the running time of 307 hours, at an actual speed of 1,740 impressions per hour, with an average number of 1,385 sheets run per hour. A pressfeeder who can average 1,385 sheets per hour, handling sheets 37x56 inches, for over thirty days’ continuous run is worthy of emulation. The samples submitted show that the press on which same were printed is capable of turning out a very satisfactory product. The form, while being only ordinary letterpress run from electrotypes, shows sharp impression on front and back of sheet, and there is no evidence that the cylinder “gutters” between the pages. Very truly yours, (Signed) C. B. WOODWARD. August 18, 1897. Campbell Printing Press and Manufacturing Co., New York: Gentlemen, — I favor the awarding of the prizes in Contest No. 1 to John Kritser, press¬ man, and George Stuckert, feeder, of the Frankling Printing Co., Philadelphia. The work submitted is certainly an excellent piece of presswork and the record of output obtained from so large a press truly remarkable. Yours very truly, (Signed) JOHN F. EARHART. In conformity with the report of the Judges it gives us great pleasure to present the awards of $60 and $40 to Messrs. Kritser and Stuckert. In addition a handsome certificate of award, which is now being prepared, will be signed by the Committee of Judges and given to each of the winners. Remember Contest No. 2 is now under way. It began August 1. It closes September 30. Owners of “Century” presses should take a personal interest in these Contests because of the encouragement they give employes to increase the product of the pressroom and make themselves more proficient in their work. Old records for output on Letterpress, Half-tone and Color forms are falling by the wayside. Send in your entries for Contest No. 2. rHie^Campbell 624 THE INLAND PRINTER. mmim JISiMm o( fiU fe^ectm^ cnul folding (^naeUe'j. c| jPuniimi jPlM ^ ^fHekojiofitau yl3 iiifdmci., f) (^IlflflliiOU (jlvc. fn ew Polio, Aug. 16, 1897. To the Printer who is not busy: Dear Sir, — It is a significant fact, to which we desire to call your attention, that during the recent business depression offices operating "Century” presses were busy. It is this fact which is keep¬ ing our salesmen busy and the factory in which our presses are built running constantly day and night. "Century" presses are today prac¬ tically the only presses being sold. Not that the "Century" is sold cheaply, for it is not — on the contrary, its first cost is greater than that of any other machine — but because of its phenomenal earn¬ ing capacity. Whether run upon high-grade or low-grade work, it prints more sheets in a day and does the work better and more sav¬ ingly than any other press. A press costs money to run — ^its proportion of rent, power, light and other fixed charges, and the labor necessary to operate it, must stand against it for each day of its operation. It can meet these charges only by turning out work; that is, to be square with the house it must turn out sheets enough to meet its cost of keep and operation, but to make a profit it must turn out a surplus beyond. The surplus is the only profit a press makes, and it is by the amount of that surplus that the earning capacity of a press must be judged. If one machine turns out 10,000 impressions per day, 7,000 of which pay for its keep and operation, its earning capacity is 3,000, not 10,000. If another press turns out 13,000 per day on identically the same work and under precisely the same conditions, its earning capacity is 6,000 impressions per day, or double that of the other. If this proposition represents a fair comparison between one sort of machine and another, it is obvious that a man operating the first would lose money where a man operating the second could make a profit of 3,000 impressions per day. This is precisely why "Century" presses are being generally adopted and used, whereas presses of all other kinds are not only not being bought, but where they are to be found are either idle or making an unsatisfactory return. To those who now have large plants of other machinery the situation must pre¬ sent a serious aspect. Respectfully submitted. THE INLAND PRINTER. 625 The Multipress vs. the “Duplex.” Prints on a Web from Flat Forms of Type. The Multipress is the only press of the kind which can be purchased with absolute surety of title and with bonded indemnity against legal process* 44 As interesting- a row as I have seen in some time is now g-oing- on between the Campbell Printing- Press Company, of New York, and the Duplex Printing- Press Company, of Battle Creek, Mich. It is, as usual, over a question of patents, and both companies claim to have the best of it. As a matter of fact, the case is still undecided before Judge Swan, of Detroit, with the odds largely in favor of the Campbells. There have been four cases on the subject already decided in their favor. Now the Duplex people publish a ‘Warning’ in the Fourth Estate., and the Camp¬ bells add a little ‘Beware’ tag to their advertisement in Neivspapcrdom. I understand that the Duplex people have mortgaged all its assets to Charles Austin, so if users of their presses are prosecuted by the Camp¬ bells, they (the Duplex Company) cannot be held financially responsible. It would seem to be the part of wisdom for any intending purchaser of either press to demand an approved bond to protect themselves against infringement suits, whichever way Judge Swan’s decision may go. I am having the matter looked into and shall have more to say on the subject in future issues. — Editor of Journalist., July., i8gy. ff THE CAMPBELL COMPANY, 334 Dearborn Street, Chicago. 5 Madison Avenue, New York. 96 Leadenhali St., London, E. C. We approve the Journalises suggestion and will be pleased to furnish bonds of unquestioned security whenever desired* Let others do the same* 4, 6 or 8 paged papers at from 5,000 to 6,000 per hour. 626 THE INLAND PRINTER. Is It a Profit that you're after? If you are doing business for profit and not for fun, an output of from 5,000 to 12,000, and even 14,000 cards, envelopes, box blanks, blotters or gangs of tags per hour from one plate on one small machine ought to interest you; 5,000 per hour is what we guarantee, but our press is hardly ever run as slowly as that. Cbe Rams Jlutomatic Press ««««« is built in the very best manner, and will wear like the Deacon’s “ one boss shay.” It is likewise a thing of beauty. For full particulars, address THE HARRIS AUTOMATIC PRESS CO. NILES, OHIO, U. S. A. THETIOlilNE is the only Mechanical Type Setter producing Composition and Distrihution at one and the same time ... on One Machine hy the use ot individual types Results equal it not superior to hand worh, and allowing ot CHEAP \m RAPID CORRECTIONS. X machine tor the Newspaper or Booh Oltice at a moderate price and on reasonahle terms. sm roc UTAIMUE. Thorne T|pe scning Machine co. 159 Monroe St. Chicago 54 Parh ROW New Yorh THE INLAND PRINTER. 628 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE WARNING ! — Stronger Envelopes Needed. The poor quality of envelopes some persons use in sending matter through the mails is causing complaint from Post Office officials. This is particularly true of the registered letter department, through which many persons send coins and other articles that with handling will break through poor envelopes. In this way considerable is lost, and to guard against these losses Postmaster- General Gary has issued a letter warning persons against using poor stationery. The order is as follows ; Section 1045. Matter, how to be Presented for Repstration.— Postmasters, before receiving matter for registration, must require the sender to have it fully, legibly and correctly addressed, the name and address of the sender indorsed upon it, and, if letters, all the contents placed in a firmly sealed envelope strong enough to safely carry inclosures in the mails, and to have affixed the necessary stamps to pay postage and fee. Postmasters and employes are for¬ bidden to address the matter, place the contents in the envelope, seal it or affix the stamps. Third and fourth class matter for registration must also be marked: “ Third Class” or “ Fourth Class,” as the case may be, and be so wrapped as to safely bear transportation and easily admit of examination, which the postmaster should make before registering. Many complaints have been received at the department in relation to losses of contents of registered letters, which investigations show were caused by the poor quality of the envelopes covering the matter registered. Postmasters should require stronger envelopes, when the letters presented at the registry window evidently contain coin or bulky matter, than would be demanded if the inclosures were apparently of such a character as not to severely test the quality of the envelopes. JAMES A. GARY, Postmaster-General. THE REMEDY! Use RIVERSIDE PAPER COMPANY’S Standard All -Rag Animal -Sized Pole- Dried Envelope Paper. We make but one grade, and it is noted for its hardness and strength. Any envelope manu¬ facturer can supply you with envelopes made from our paper, if you insist upon it. Our method of drying papers is the old way — by hanging the paper in sheets on poles, in lofts heated by steam, as shown by illustration below. ^ ^ New ^ ^ Double Sixteen Book Folder. Drop Roll Feed. two I6-pagfe sections from a sheet of 32 pages, also inserts one section within the other, making 32 pages. Has automatic slitter that prevents buckling'^ on all work. MADE BY THE Brown Folding Machine Co., ERIE, PENN^A. Tjo ^Publishers and ^Printers,' S/ou are all in favor of acluertisln£ff i/ou believe in if al leasl you say you doj yei how many of you mention a publieation when makiny an inquiry? Siespeetfully, ^rown J^oldinff T/fachine Co,^ ^ volts to be con¬ nected with two baths in series. Each bath would 660 THE INLAND PRINTER. then be supplied with a current of volts pres¬ sure, and the quantity of current utilized would be approximately 25 amperes per square foot of cathode. The total capacity of the machine, 45U amperes, divided by 25, gives 18, the number of feet which can be deposited at one time in each bath, or a total of 36 feet. Now, if it is desired to double the rate of deposition, it becomes necessary to double the pressure of the current, which would mean 5 volts instead of 2>^. As the small machine cannot be made to produce 5 volts, the only alterna¬ tive is to disconnect one of the vats. We now have 2^ volts applied to one bath, and are using about 50 amperes per square foot of cathode ; 450 divided by 50 gives 9 as the maximum number of feet which could be deposited at one time, and this is in theory only, for in actual practice it is found impracticable to deposit more than 7 feet, owing to the tendency of the machine to heat. The economy in operating a large dynamo for rapid deposition is thus plainly evident. The results of a series of tests recently con¬ ducted by the writer are given below : Dynamo . No. 1 Lloyd Speed . 1,350 Volts . 2ys Amperes per square foot, about . 40 Number of baths . 1 Area of cathodes, square feet . 7 Time of exposure, minutes . 60 Thickness of deposit, inches . 004 A similar test of a No. 1 Eddy dynamo produced the same result. It should be said that during the tests these machines were both operated at higher speeds than those mentioned, with the result that shells .007 of an inch were deposited in one hour ; but owing to heat generation only two or three square feet of cathode surface could be exposed at one time. A test of a larger machine resulted as follows : Dynamo . No. 2 Lloyd Speed . 1,000 Volts, per vat . . . 2^ Amperes per square foot of cathode, about. . 50 Number of baths in series . 2 Area of cathodes, square feet . 20 Time of exposure, minutes . 60 Thickness of shell, inches . 005 These tests indicate that a dynamo of 800 amperes and 5 volts, working two baths in series, will deposit, without undue heating, about thirty feet of shells per hour; while a 450-ampere, 2>^- volt dynamo will only deposit about seven feet per hour. It appears, therefore, that rapid deposition is not practicable with a small machine. However, the difference in cost of installation is of slight moment in view of the increased product of the, large machine, and should not stand in the way of the better service, particularly as the larger dynamo will perform a limited volume of work equally well as the smaller, and at only a nominal increase in expense for power. The writer has had no opportunity to test machines of larger capacity than those mentioned, but is of the opinion that with a dynamo constructed to supply a larger volume of current the rate of deposition could be still further increased. The above-mentioned tests are given with the object of indicating how present facilities may be utilized to the best advantage by electrotypers whose machines equal or excel the capacity of the No. 2 Lloyd. Dynamos, as a rule, require but little attention, but should always be kept clean and well oiled. The commutator, in particular, should be occasion¬ ally cleaned with a piece of fine sandpaper (not emery paper) and then wiped off with a clean, damp cloth. Slow-speed machines require no lubricant on the commutator other than an occa¬ sional wiping with a damp cloth. On high-speed machines a very little vaseline may be applied every two or three hours. The brushes should fit the commutator fairly well, otherwise there will be a tendency to spark and heat. Sparking should never be permitted, as it rapidly wears the commu¬ tator. It may often be prevented by moving the brushes a little one way or the other from the position in which the sparking occurs. For nickel-facing electrotypes a current tension of 2>^ to 3 volts is required, and for this work a separate dynamo is usually employed ; but when the electrotyping dynamo is sufficiently powerful the nickel bath may be operated in connection with the copper baths by providing it with a resistance coil for regulating the strength of current supplied to it. With a dynamo operating at 2^ volts it would be possible to work the nickel bath without a resistance coil, as in this case a sufficient varia¬ tion of current strength could be obtained by vary¬ ing the distance between the cathodes and anodes. But if the tension exceeds 2}4 volts, a means must be provided for cutting down the current to the point best suited to the conditions of the work. Written for The Inland Printer. THE PROPRIETOR BECOMES A TOURIST. Further on I secured a position as compositor in an office having, it appeared, much work to do. One day a man called in search of employment at the office where I was working. He looked indeed to be in great need of work. Although clean, he was very poorly dressed and seemed to be genuinely disappointed when he was refused work. As he turned and went out I felt like a criminal. Here I was, an able-bodied man in no need of help, standing right in the way of a deserving man’s getting employment of which he was in great and immediate need. There was no time to be lost in righting a wrong. I promptly decided on my plan of action. I went to the foreman and told him that. THE INLAND PRINTER. 661 so far as I had been able to judge from the short time I had had the opportunity of observing his work, he had made the mistake of his life when he entered the printing business. He might have made a blacksmith, but printing certainly wasn’t his forte. I also expressed the opinion that my professional reputation was being jeopardized by my working under him, and that if he would get me my wages due I would depart in peace. It had the desired effect. The dressing down in forcible English which I was administered was all that the most fastidious could have desired. As I had noted the direction which the man who had applied for work a few minutes before had taken, I was enabled to overtake him after making my exit from the office. I told him that I thought that he could get a job at the office which I had just quitted if he would call there after dinner. Seeing that he was provided with enough money to get a good meal, I went to the barber shop where I made my usual change in character, from thence to my hotel, and then departed from the city. After leaving Baltimore, a desire to return to nature and to see her as of old “down on the farm,” prompted me to go the country near at hand. Assuming a position a few degrees higher than that occupied as a tramp, and feeling more like myself therefrom, I enjoyed thoroughly a jaunt covering nearly two weeks in the neighborhood of the city I had just left. To give a color of reason to my wanderings, I passed for one who sought the country air to test its value in the cure of an obscure nervous affection. After the rest and change of air, I felt so much improved in health and spirits that I fairly bubbled over with joy and with good wilt toward my fellow- man, and I wended my way toward a town of some size, wishing that all who wished it might have an outing such as that which I had just enjoyed. Once within the town, I pursued my usual tactics, and again essayed the rdle of the tramp printer. The first office at which I stopped was of mod¬ erate size, and fairly equipped to do a considerable amount of business, which just at that time did not seem to be in view, so I wended my way farther. In a dimly lighted basement, just off the main street, I found, surrounded by an antiquated and jumbled outfit, an old and thoroughly disheartened printer, a man to inspire compassion. In answer to my inquiry in regard to work he smiled very faintly, and told me he had next to nothing to do, and had less with which to do it. “I am afraid,” he said, “ you couldn’t have come to a poorer office than this in a week’s travel.” Knowing that misery loved company, and wishing to know more of this man’s circumstances, I readily led him to give something of an account of himself. He was without family. His office comprised what was once a fairly equipped plant suited for doing a moderate business thirty years ago. In the days of his prime he had done fairly well, but fail¬ ing to appreciate that in those years a man must prepare for old age by putting by enough of this world’s possessions to tide over the time of physical incapacity before he comes into possession of his mansion on the other side, he found himself in his old age nearly worn out in body, and his resources at their lowest ebb. Here seemed an opportunity for which one day I should be called to account. On this occasion my inclination and my duty followed the same path, and I stopped for a time with the printer of a gen¬ eration ago, and of my experiences there I will tell in my next letter. (To be continued.) Photo by E. J. Davison, Kansas City, Moi Three of a Kind. A LITTLE ADVICE. Here are two excellent cheap pieces of advice for news¬ papers that are about to engage in quarreling with each other through the medium of their respective columns : 1. Don’t. 2. But, if you do, print, each of you, what the other one says of you, along with what you say of it ; so that your readers can understand what the quarrel is about, and how it is getting on. — Boston Advertiser. Perspiring Hands. — Charles E. Smith, Cumberland, Maryland, asks for a remedy to prevent his hands from perspiring so freely while setting type. Answer. — This is a constitutional trouble and there is no radical remedy. A solution of boric acid is good as an occasional wash, or a solution of alum for the same purpose. These can be kept in a bottle and the hands occasionally rinsed and dried on a towel. They have the tendency to make the hands harsh and rough, however. The boric acid is preferable. Some printers who are troubled in this way keep a large piece of chalk in one of the compartments of the case, and rub their hands over it occasionally. The suggestions of readers are invited. Half-tone by Willjamson-haffner Engraving Co., Denver, Colorado. PLATTE CANON, NEAR DEANSBURY, COLORADO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 663 delay is no less annoying- to the manag-ement than to the inquirer — perhaps more so. It has been urged upon subscribers -who desire information through this paper to make each inquiry sepa¬ rately upon a separate sheet of paper and addressed to the editor, but few take pains to accept this sug¬ gestion. The departments of notes and queries are deservedly popular, and if any of The Inland Printer readers who have helped its progress can suggest a means of impressing upon inquirers their responsibilities in this matter of making requests in a direct and business-like manner, we shall be glad to hear from them. Furnished on application. The value of The Inland Printer as an advertising medium is unquestioned. The character of the advertisements now in its columns, and the number of them, tell the whole story. Circulation consid¬ ered, it is the cheapest trade journal in the United States to advertise in. Advertisements, to insure insertion in the issue of any month, should reach this office not later than the twentieth of the month preceding. and subscriptions will be received by all newsdealers and type founders throughout the United States and Canada. Patrons will confer a favor by sending us the names of INQUIRIES AND ANSWERS. Business letters coming to the Inland Printer in the greater number of cases contain, in addition to the main subject-matter with which the business department has to deal, inquiries of a more or less varied character. That there is delay in answering such inquiries through the columns of The Inland Printer should not be surprising under the circumstances, but such DECORATIVE BOOK ILLUSTRATION. IN an instructive review of Walter Crane’s “Of the Decorative Illustration of Books, Old and New,” in the Dial oi August 1, Mr. Frederick W. Gookin, who makes decorative art his avocation, defends Japanese art from some slighting refer¬ ences to it in the book under review. Exception is taken to the characterization of the present-day movement in decorative illustration as a “ revival.” Mr. Gookin holds that this is true in a limited sense only. “There is a world of difference be¬ tween the purely adventitious qualities, the crude simplicity and naivete resulting from inability to overcome technical difficulties, which the work of the early designers exhibit, and the deliberate self- restraint that distinguishes the designs of the modern men. In spite of superficial resemblance, the difference is not merely one of degree or of process : it is a difference in kind. Imitation being much easier than invention, with but few exceptions the general tendency of graphic art in all countries and in all times has been toward as much realism as the artists were able to repre¬ sent. The earlier designers of book illustrations, although dominated by conventional ideas in regard to treatment, achieved decorative effect less through conscious aim in that direction than from inability to compass greater realism. Concur¬ rently, with increased command of the resources of expression came a decline in perception of the higher qualities of harmonic relation of line, mass and light-and-dark, which are distinguishing char¬ acteristics of all enduring achievement. The re¬ opening of our eyes to these fundamental qualities is directly attributable to the influence of the art of Japan — the one country in the world where they have never been lost sight of, but, on the con¬ trary, have ever been insisted upon as prime essen¬ tials . When he (Mr. Crane) says that ‘They may be able to throw a spray of leaves or a bird or fish across a blank panel or sheet of paper, drawing them with such consummate skill and cer¬ tainty that it may delude us into the belief that it is decorative design ; but if an artist of less skill essays to do the like the mistake becomes obvious,’ 664 THE INLAND PRINTER. it is plain that he does not perceive that the con¬ trolling- idea in the mind of the Japanese artist is composition — composition of line in which each leaf or branch or smallest detail must be rig-ht in its harmonic relation to every other detail without violating- truth of form or of structure, and compo¬ sition of mass in which the shape and proportion of the blank spaces and the value of the contrast afforded by them is as much a matter for thoug-ht- ful consideration as any other element that enters into the result. If this is not decorative design, then- what is it ? Surely it is widely removed from what Mr. Crane aptly denominates ‘ the art of pic¬ torial statement.’” In continuation, Mr. Gookin asserts that “Were Mr. Crane familiar with the range of Japanese book-illustration, he would have had no difficulty in finding examples in which the design is arranged so as to fill the space com¬ pletely — a point he lays much stress upon, but which is far easier to accomplish than the subtle balancing of form and blank space that he does not seem to appreciate.” Of the movement itself, Mr. Gookin says that as yet it has been more fruitful of promise than of material performance. time to dream over the work in hand. “ This it is which brings the freedom which comes only from a sense of leisure — a feeling very necessary to good art.” THE ART SCHOOLS OF FRANCE. Thoroughness is the principle upon which the French Art Schools have won their suc¬ cess, according to Mr. J. C. Leyendecker, as reported in Evening Post. For eight¬ een months Mr. Leyendecker has been studying and perfecting his art in Paris. “ It does not take long to discover,” he says, “that style and dash will not make a drawing or painting go there as it will an illustration here. Serious work — getting right down to the foundation principles — is the demand which is laid upon every student over there. There was little talk of ‘ handling ’ and of the catchy tricks of the trade, and much emphasis upon a deep and serious significance in everything attempted.” The Academie Julian, which is notable for the number of times its students have won the great Prix de Rome, granted annually by the French government, is also renowned for its strong fac¬ ulty. On it are such famous artists as Jean Paul Laurens, Benjamin Constant, Bouguereau and Baschet. Under the personal tutorship of these eminent professors, it is no wonder that the super¬ ficialities are trimmed away and the real canons of the best art inculcated. The American tendency to rush hard at everything quickly succumbs to the quieter and more genuine art atmosphere of the Parisian school, where time to allow artistic plans to ripen and mature is considered essential. In fact, Mr. Leyendecker thinks there is no lesson to be learned of greater importance and value to the young American artist than the necessity to take THE CLOSE OF THE JOB COMPETITION. CONTRIBUTORS to the job competition an¬ nounced in the July number of The Inland Printer are invited to read the communication of Mr. A. Lehmann in the correspondence department of this issue. Apprentices are by no means de¬ barred from these contests, but in fact they have frequently taken prizes in competition with jour¬ neymen. Touching the idea of departments for apprentices. The Inland Printer is not too advanced for the comprehension of the apprentice. It would be a waste of time and space to deal with the time-honored “first steps” for the younger apprentices, when the necessary information can be found in the text-books, such as the “American Printer,” and others. When the apprentice has served two or three years he desires to compete with journeymen and not with apprentices alone, and these competitions give him the opportunity of study and of comparison in a much better way than if the competitions were given to apprentices solely. It is admittedly true that these competitions do not fairly decide that one man is more competent than another simply because a specimen receives an award, but the aim is not so circumscribed as the view of Mr. Lehmann would seem to indicate. The desire is to give a general stimulus to the study of the principles underlying correct display, and the plan has been made simple enough and broad enough to embrace apprentice, journeyman and employer. The competition, closed on August 30, will be announced in the October number, and any further suggestions along the lines indicated by Mr. Lehmann will be cheerfully considered for future use. MORE TRADE EXHIBITIONS. Europeans are far in advance of Americans in local exhibitions. True, the international expositions at Philadelphia and Chicago were of surpassing grandeur, but the tendency of these expositions has been artistic rather than commer¬ cial. .They originated in the markets and fairs of early days, when lack of communication and of transportation made essential this mode of meeting between seller and buyer. At Chicago the com¬ mercial and trade aspect was almost lost sight of in the dazzle and splendor of architectural and landscape effect. This is as it should be, and the people demand and have come to expect the recre¬ ative and educational feature to dominate in an international display. And yet there is just as much need today, if not more, for the trade exhi¬ bition pure and simple. The elaboration of each THE INLAND PRINTER. 665 trade^ the division of labor brought about by vast mechanical improvements have had a segregating effect, have led to wide separation of interests that in the end are identical. Indeed, it seems as though the conditions that necessitated the mediae¬ val fairs are repeating themselves in our modern diversified industries. Take, for example, the printers, papermakers, stationers, bookbinders, manufacturers of printers’ and bookbinders’ ma¬ chinery and supplies, illustrators, photographers, engravers : all of them are concerned in the publi¬ cation of literature. In the nature of the case they would all profit by a thorough understanding of the needs and capacities of each trade allied to their own. It would enable them to supply their markets more intelligently and reveal many possi¬ bilities for extending trade in new and hitherto untried fields. Under the present system of each man for himself and each trade advancing still farther along its own progressive line, there is, to be sure, wonderful achievement, but the resources of the market are not fully utilized. In fact, the trade press is today the main, almost only, source of comparative information. It is the channel of communication between workers in allied lines. As such, it will ever be indispensable to the alert and intelligent craftsman or business man. A regular exhibition, however, at intervals of a few years, would bring into one concourse the people occupied in similar pursuits, the instruments of production in their respective lines, a display of the achievements in which they are mutually inter¬ ested, and an open market in which they can buy and sell. The English are far and away ahead of other nations in this respect. Every five years for many years they have held the “ Stationers’, Printers’, and Allied Trades’ Exhibition.” The last one of these events occurred at Agricultural Hall, London, during the jubilee week. Not only was there an opportunity to see, examine and pur¬ chase machines, manufactures and novelties in the various branches of these industries, but a number of other features made the exhibition attractive to vast numbers who came to London for the jubilee. Entertainments were given throughout the week, and lectures were delivered on the man¬ ner in which a number of the different manufac¬ tures on view were produced. Competitions were provided for, and in the photo-mechanical section a gold medal, thirteen silver and ten bronze medals, as well as certificates of honorable mention, were distributed by the judges. The committee in charge of the exhibition included the names of business men and editors of trade and professional papers, all of them men of wide reputation for their knowledge of the industries represented. The “Arts and Crafts Exhibition,” of Boston, has succeeded in inaugurating the trade exhibi¬ tion in the East, but is open to the criticism that it covers too broad a field and does not provide a free market. Something after the order of the “Fur¬ niture Exposition ” now being held in Chicago, with the educational idea of the Boston enterprise added to the market, is what is needed in many industries, but especially in those represented by this journal. The Inland Printer suggests that a printers’ and stationers’ exhibition, modeled after the recent London success, would not only “take” with the people, but would be one of the most beneficial means of stimulating trade in these lines, and at the same time be a means of disseminating information of trade value. An exhibition of this character should be held in the great cities of the continent, perhaps alternately, year by year or at longer intervals. The participation of the leading firms in these industries could doubtless be counted upon, and craftsmen everywhere would not be slow to follow the lead. SALESMEN AND IMPOSING NONENTITIES. CCASIONALLY letters from manufacturers of printing supplies and machinery have appeared in the trade press, urging that all requests for specimens, books, etc., be addressed on the business envelope of the sender. Expensive catalogues prepared by a type founder, for instance, have for their purpose the making of sales, and not the satisfying of the curiositv of an office boy or impecunious tramp. There are many printers who send inquiries on post cards, or any scrap of paper that may be at hand. They may be known to the house they address, or they may not. If not, their request is apt to be ignored, and if any such are suffering from a fancied grievance of this character, perhaps the following interview with a St. Louis ex-salesman may help to explain matters : “Some few years since I was associated with a type foundry in the capacity of ‘ knight of the grip,’ and while traveling about in the pursuit of trade, my expectations and hopes were often keyed to the highest pitch when approaching a town from which had emanated an inquiry rich in the promise of business, only to be dashed to the depths of despair by the denouement. “Upon instructions from headquarters I have frequently made sudden journeys of hundreds of miles to look up a correspondent who had written the house conveying the impression that an elabo¬ rate outfit was in contemplation of purchase, only to ascertain, to my complete chagrin, that the inquirer was a mere boy, whose capacity for ‘ space bending ’ in the village printery earned for him at least $3 a week, and whose recourse to the type specimen book had bewildered his bucolic mind until he could fancy himself at the helm of a ‘ long- felt want.’ “My expense account has also often been ‘stim¬ ulated’ by making a detour of several hundred 666 THE INLAND PRINTER. miles from the usual route, with no result than to ascertain that the request for ‘ best discount for strictly cash ’ was from an itinerant printer who borrowed the stamp with which his letter of inquiry was mailed. “Upon one memorable occasion I arrived at Sikeston, Missouri, in company with a representa¬ tive of a competing- type foundry, whom I had met on the train. Sikeston had produced a very prom¬ ising inquiry, and although each of us secretly felt that we were both there on the same mission, no intimation to that effect was made in our conversa¬ tion, which naturally was devoted to the one subject of ‘ shop.’ The town boasted one newspaper, to which office I immediately repaired. After remain¬ ing there a brief time I started out to seek the object of my visit, but had proceeded but a short distance when my opponent passed on the opposite side of the street, his countenance suffused with a grin so broad that nothing, it seemed to me, but success could have provoked. However, the out¬ burst of mirth was speedily explained upon locating my man, who proved to be a sign painter who desired to use a specimen book as a pattern for sign lettering. ‘ Entertainment ’ was a conspicuous item in two expense accounts that night. “But of all such experiences, Arkansas pro¬ duced the most unique. It was at Little Rock that a telegram came saying : ‘ Go to C - at once. Instructions mailed you there today.’ C - is some forty miles from Little Rock, and I arrived there on the early morning train. At the post office there was handed me a bulky letter from the house containing an estimate for an outfit for Wil¬ liam Easterlot that amounted to $5,000 spot cash. The instructions were not to leave C - without the order, the securing of which would result in an inflation of salary — an announcement that ren¬ dered me jubilantly hopeful. Inquiry of the post¬ master as to the location of Easterlot provoked a bombardment of questions as to my business by the postmaster, who stated that there were two Easter- lots, father and son, who could be found at the farm of Captain Smith, two miles from town, and that their appearance and the extent of their mail had made them objects of much curiosity. “ I lost no time in driving out to Captain Smith’s place, where a request to see Mr. William Easterlot caused me to be suspiciously scrutinized. However, I was given the proper directions, and found both the father and son in a dilapidated, one-room plan¬ tation cabin, situated in a small clearing about a quarter of a mile from the Smith residence. They were the most poverty-stricken pair that ever essayed to embark in the printing business, and visions of increased salary and a $5,000 order were dispelled at the first glance. My interview with the Easterlots, who were ‘ going to start a Populist paper,’ was decidedly brief. In the absence of an order, I was given a genuine country dinner — and a good laugh — at the Smith home, where I learned that the Easterlots made their entry into C^ - on a raft that floated them down the river ; that Captain Smith, out of compassion for their poverty, tendered them gratis the shelter of the cabin, and the use of a small patch of ground to make a crop, which they were too lazy to do, tilling the soil evidently not harmonizing with their journalistic ideas. “The result of the trip to C - was never reported in detail to my superiors. However, when in the office of the foundry a few days since, and two years after the C - incident, I was asked if I could locate one William Easterlot, a correspondent of that name having written from an interior Missouri town, asking for cash prices on an outfit so extensive that, coming from such an obscure vil¬ lage, aroused much curiosity and suspicion in the office. The C - affair was immediately brought to mind, and it was determined to write the post¬ master for further information as to Easterlot, which brought forth the following reply : “ ‘Yes, William Easterlot is at present residing in our midst, his residence being more a matter of necessity than choice. Mr. E. arrived in town, per local freight, last Saturday morning, and his appearance made such an impression upon our city marshal that the hospitalities of the corporation were at once tendered him. He has twenty-six days yet to serve, and for that period may be addressed in care of the county jail.’ “ It is difficult to conjecture just where the next inquiry from Easterlot will be dated.” THE UNITED TYPOTHETAE MEETING. HE eleventh annual session of the United Typothetae of America will be held in Nash¬ ville, Tennessee, October 6, 7 and 8, 1897. An interesting programme has been prepared, and those attending the session are assured of being entertained with true Southern hospitality by the local organization and the citizens of the exposition city. The Photo-Engravers’ Association will also meet in Nashville at the same time. Delegates from all the principal cities will be in attendance, and it is anticipated that the work begun in St. Louis some months ago will result in a permanent national organization of photo-engravers. Fuller details of these meetings in October will be found elsewhere in this issue. DRAWING FOR PRINTERS. WING to delay in receiving the sixth install¬ ment of the continued article, “Drawing for Printers,” by Mr. Ernest Knaufft, that portion of the series is necessarily omitted this month. Our readers will be given a little longer article for October to make up for this. THE INLAND PRINTER. 667 UPTON BROTHERS, PRINTERS, SAN FRANCISCO. Thomas B. Upton. Not all the journeymen printers who came to Cali¬ fornia in 1849 and the early 50’s did so with the intention of abandoning- the trade they had learned at so great a sacrifice of time and energy, and it is a well- known fact that many who had announced their intention to “never stick another type” were afterward glad to return to the case, when they found the mines crowded with disappointed gold-seekers. It was the usual thing for new arrivals to go at once to the mining dis¬ tricts, and most survivors delight in recounting the experiences of that time, however brief their stay might have been. Some found employment in the larger mining towns, where thrifty and ably edited newspapers were early established. There was another class who came to California for the sole purpose of following the occupation of printing, men who had a genuine love for the art, and believed there were possibilities in it not sur¬ passed by the most promising placer claim. Of this class was John P. Upton, who came from Boston to San Francisco in 1849, leaving his wife and young children behind him. He applied himself diligently to his trade and at once took his place and became known to employers as a skilled and conscientious workman who could always be depended on. For several years he filled the post of foreman of the Alta California job office, before engaging in business for him¬ self, which he did after providing a home for his family. The printing office of John P. Upton was established at 509 Clay street, from whence it was moved to 518 Sacramento street a few years later. Mr. Upton died in 1879, and the business was at once taken in hand by his two sons, Vernon, then eighteen years old, and Thomas B., then fif¬ teen. How well these boys have succeeded in the conduct of the little business left to their charge the present plant and extensive patronage will attest. At the death of the elder Mr. Upton, the machinery in the place consisted of two Gordon jobbers and a Ruggles hand card press. The business increased rapidly, and in a few months it was decided to move to a much larger and more commodious floor at the corner of Montgomery and Sacramento streets, where some new presses and steam power were added. New type was bought from time to time, new presses were added as the orders continued to pour in from old and new customers, and in due time the premises were again outgrown. A large floor in the same block, at 417 Montgomery street, was now taken for a term of years. At the end of five years, when the lease expired, the place had become wholly inadequate, and another move was necessary. About a year ago the office was moved to the present location, at 409 Market street, in the Lachman building, a modern structure, well lighted, with elevator, an electric plant, and all other conveniences. The printing office of Upton Brothers is now one of the best equipped outfits of its class in San Francisco. Good judgment has been shown in its selection, and careful usage and intelligent management are evident to anyone who visits the premises. A full line of jobbers, two four-roller two- revolution cylinders and a steam cutter constitute the prin¬ cipal items of machinery. The composing room contains a choice assortment of everything new and desirable in type, borders and ornaments, arranged in a compact and conven¬ ient manner. The work embraces the general assortment of commercial and society printing, with many excellent specimens of book and catalogue work, and their product has never had any of the characteristics of cheap printing. They believe in a fair price to the customer, a fair price to the workman and a fair margin of profit to the proprietors. It is not the purpose of the writer to dispense compli¬ ments or lavish praise, but it is only simple fairness to rec¬ ognize the fact that here is an example of a prosperous busi¬ ness having been built up by two inexperienced boys of fifteen and eighteen years respectively. Without capital, and with only an indifferent plant of the early days for a nucleus, a creditable office has been gathered together, all paid for, and considerable investments in real estate have been made at the same time. This represents the energy, pluck and ability to manage a business so very desirable in an employing printer and yet so frequently lacking. THE CAXTON CONVALESCENT HOME. The English press are arousing interest in the project to raise $5,000 to pay off the debt on the Caxton Convales¬ cent Home, at Limpsfield, Surrey. This institution was established in 1894 through the generosity of Mr. Passmore Edwards, and was opened last September. The home is available for representatives of the press, proofreaders, printers, publishers, papermakers, stationers, compositors, pressmen, stereotypers, electrotypers, lithographers, en¬ gravers, draftsmen, printers’ engineers, printing ink manu¬ facturers, and anyone connected in any degree with the printing trade in London and the provinces. In the course of his remarks at the opening, Mr. Edwards gave this inter¬ esting description of the home : “ There is something in the very look of the place which is comforting and health-restor¬ ing; its very appearance and its lovely surroundings carry healing with them. Fresh and cool, with delicate tones of color within, and its homelike English red brick and tiles without, its marble-paved hall, its well-lighted rooms, its charming little library, and, above all, its nine acres of land, commanding everywhere one of the most glorious prospects in the island, cannot fail to make this place, named after the famous man who first set up the printing press in the Abbey precincts of Westminster, a veritable home to all who dwell within its walls. In all England there could not be found a more ideal place for the sick man, jaded by the incessant and trying monotony of the printer’s craft, to refit himself for the bustle and turmoil of his life.” Alexander Law, Jr., 41 Hamilton place, Aberdeen, Scotland, writes The Inland Printer that he would like to get in communication with a house well up in the produc¬ tion of artistic posters. Also a firm manufacturing adver¬ tising novelties. Parties interested are requested to write the gentleman. THE “THRUTCH” AND FAIRIES’ CHAPEL, HEALEY DELL, NEAR ROCHDALE, LANCASHIRE, ENGLAND. THE INLAND PRINTER While our columns are always open for the discussion of any relevant subject, we do not necessarily indorse the opinions of contributors. Anony¬ mous letters will not be noticed ; therefore correspondents will please give names — not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. All letters of more than 1,000 words will be subject to revision. FORGER ON PRESSMEN AND SUPPLY HOUSES. To the Editor : Cincinnati, Ohio, July 23, 1897. A man named Kelly is touring- the country obtaining money on forged checks from pressmen and supply houses. We inclose letter from the Con. P. Curran Printing Com¬ pany, of St. Louis. The fellow is about forty-five ; about S feet 6 inches tall, slight build, thin, hollow face, dark com¬ plexion and hair, and wears spectacles. Anyone knowing his exact whereabouts at any time will confer a favor by wiring us at our expense, and we will send an officer for him. The Van Bibber Roller Company, Andrew Van Bibber, Secretary. Below is the letter referred to in Mr. Van Bibber’s com¬ munication : St. Louis, July 22, 1897. The Van Bibber Roller Company, Cincinnati, Ohio : Gentlemen,— Yours of the 21st inst. touching check cashed by you, $10, and purporting to have been drawn by this company, received. Permit us to state that we have never issued such a check, neither do we deposit with the St. Louis Trust Company. We regret that you have been caught by- this man, and can only say that we do not know him ; but we do know, however, that a man known as Dick Kelly, a pressman, who was at one time employed in St. Louis, forged some checks less than three weeks ago in New York City, which were cashed by some of the ink houses in that place. This man is no doubt a great schemer, and we trust he will be run down shortly. Yours truly, Con. P. Curran Printing Company, E. P. O’Fallon, Secretary. THE ''THRUTCH.'^ To the Editor ; Chicago, August 5, 1897. Readers of your publication in England would perhaps be pleased to see a reproduction of the “Thrutch,” a photo¬ graph of which I send you. The dark spot shown at the base of the large rock to the right of the stream in the fore¬ ground is the entrance to the Fairies’ Chapel, which is below the surface of the rock. The accompanying item referring to it may be of interest if you decide to publish. Howard. Following is the item, and on opposite page a reproduc¬ tion of the picture. — Editor. Centuries of the most romantic history have peopled every nook and glen of England’s landscape with the creation of tradition. The winds and other elements have combined to fashion many such weird trysting places as that shown in the accompanying reproduction. The “Thrutch,” that is “thrust” in the rocks, here shown, is located near Rochdale, Lancashire, and is one of the most famous of English legendary domains. Its curiously carved rock work exhibits a thousand fantastic shapes ; the splash of the falling water, the sighing bough, and every sound of nature is reverberated in the little narrow “Dell” with awful vividness. It is no wonder that before the day of science and civilization superstition should have held this bewitching glen to be enchanted ground, or that the moon¬ light shadows and hollow wind created a real out of an imaginary world. The “Fairies’ Chapel” in the Thrutch was known to the English two centuries ago, during the days of the Pretender, and is enveloped in many terrifying and mystical tales — none more grewsome than that of the 6-4 gentle Eleanor, the bride-to-be of Oliver Chadwick, the young master of Healey Hall. How she was enticed into this haunt of the witches and rescued by her lover, who thereby came under the spell of fiendish malignity ; how the midnight incantation opened to the horrified Eleanor a fiery scroll with these ominous words : “ Maid, wife and widow in one day ; This shall be thy destiny.” And how the sudden onslaught of the neighboring Traf- fords upon the joyfully returning wedding procession fulfilled the cruel fates; these are memories of the mar¬ velous past that flow with the Spodden through the Fairies’ Chapel. UNIQUE LETTERS TO EDITORS. To the Editor : Boston, Mass., August 2, 1897. On page 445 of the July number is a letter written by a subscriber to the Louisiana Press. It made me think of a couple of these which I have in the original handwriting, which I copy and send j'ou, hoping you will find a place for them. I think they are fair companions of the one men¬ tioned on page 445. E. C. Gross. The following unsigned communication was recently received by a local paper in a well-known Maine town : “Please prent it and tell me wot it cost and i will send it.” “ frends of Blaine i will call your atension for a fue minits it is a sad thing- that Peple will dew sech things in blane the folks Gut so mene that they will Goe and Get up a pie sosebly to Give Miss Celly to help her and then the money it wase don somthin else with it and she hant Gut none of it they thoft that would be a nise to Get money for them. She has Gut a sick boy and neded it and was cheted out of it.” “ I sharnt wont for Gord is my Shepperd.” The following is an exact copy of a letter from Robert Green, of Blaine, to the editor of his favorite local paper : “Blaine July 9 1892 frend Edtor I thort I would drope you a fue lines to let 3'ou no(v that my peper i hant Gut sence June and i have pad for it and i wish you would Send it to me and put my name on it i hant Goin to pay for the paper then not Get it now i want my hole number Robard Green Blaine.” APPRENTICES IN COMPETITIONS. To the Editor : San Francisco, Cal., July 11, 1897. As a youth, apprenticed to the “art preservative,” a subscriber of The Inland Printer, and a close peruser of everything of interest to be found in its columns, I desire to express my sentiments regarding the prize competitions just inaugurated by The Inland Printer. Why is it these controversies are always open only to men — men who, per¬ haps, have been at the trade for a decade, and who know, or, at least, should know their business thoroughly ; and who should not find it necessary to participate in these compe¬ titions in order to have the fact recognized that they are printers, and if they are fortunate enough to gain a prize, and thereby display a little more taste than their brother workman, who perhaps has labored under some disadvan¬ tage, and no doubt is as good a mechanic ? Why not, by such means of free and open controversies, encourage the one who most needs such encouragement, and the one who should be urged to display what typographical ingenuity he may possess — the one who is most anxious to learn — the apprentice? ’Tis true, it might be said that the apprentice should confine himself strictly to the typographical atmos¬ phere of the shop in which he is serving his apprenticeship ; but then, the same argument might also be applied to the 670 THE INLAND PRINTER. case of the men. What honor is there in it for them, after having- learned their trade and become journeymen mechan¬ ics, even if they are fortunate to gain a prize and thereby display a little more taste than their brother mechanic, -who perhaps had labored under some disadvantage, and no doubt is just as good a mechanic? As the child in school, in class competition, displays not only his ability but also his ambition to learn, and is urged on to that extent, so should the apprentice be encouraged. Why not submit copy for a certain job, and invite the apprentices of the country to compete, if not for prizes, why for the satisfac¬ tion of having their work commented upon ; or, better, let The Inland Printer devote a column of its most valuable technical journal to the interest of the apprentice. Nothing would be more encouraging, and nothing would be more apt DAILY REPORT. No _ _ _ Date - Name - - - Lot. Doz. Hund. Price. them, and I confess it was the same with me for over fifteen years, but of late years I take advantage of it on most all jobs of this nature whether the down rules be many or few, as it does not increase the presswork and saves a good deal of time in composition. It may bother one at first a little to get the down rules in the proper places, but a few experi¬ ments will overcome that. I usually set my form proper first and place it on a galley or in a chase, put the correct space in the middle, then set the down rules next, putting as much space at the head of down rules as there is heading on the job ; get the length of my do-wm rules, figure the number of ems to go between same, then turn one or the other around so as to have them lock up head and tail ; this way you can get it just right and do not have to take form off press two or three times. R. Rees. Sheet After First Impression. to tempt their ambition. Let the apprentices of the country be heard from. Yours for the advancement of the appren¬ tice, A. Lehmann. SCHEME TO SAVE RULEWORK. To the Editor : Keokuk, Iowa, July 17, 1897. I send you herewith a small job of rulework that gives an idea which, while it may be old to many, yet I am sure it will be new and useful to a great number of your readers. It is very simple, in fact, almost too simple to be published, and while we have used it many years in our office, I have never seen it utilized in any other office. Almost all job printers, where they have a job of this kind with a number of down rules and the columns are narrow, make two hitches at it, especially if they are short on small pieces of rule and the run is short ; but the idea of cutting the stock double and running and turning does not seem to occur to A COVER DESIGN CRITICISM. To the Editor : New York, June 10, 1897. An article appeared in your magazine several months ago inviting criticism on any of its cover designs. I believe that of the current number (June) to be inappropriate to the month. Had the cover appeared just prior to the hiber¬ nal months, it would seem more seasonable. Its somber¬ ness of color suggests the sadness accompanying the wane of summer when the flowers, in the last days of their bloom, are touched by the first chilling breeze from the north. The figure in the drawing, clad in shrould-like drapery and kiss¬ ing the flower with her cadaverous lips, emphasizes its incongruity. This criticism is respectfully submitted to your committee. B. H. Sanders. [The invitation to criticise The Inland Printer covers appeared in the February issue. So far Mr. Sanders’ is the only letter which has been received. In the meantime, THE INLAND PRINTER. 071 the offer made at the time of the invitation has been with¬ drawn, and no committee has been invited to serve. Criti¬ cisms of a captious nature were plentiful enough, however, before The Inland Printer invited a little sincerity in judgment. Mr. Sanders’ letter is offered as an example of healthful criticism. — Editor Inland Printer.] GOOD AVERAGES ON MACHINE COMPOSITION. To ihe Editor : New York, N. Y., July 27, 1897. In looking over accounts of fast time on typesetting machines I have often wondered how much of the usual “pickup” incident to newspaper work has been measured up as the result of a certain number of hours’ or days’ DAILY REPORT. No.... Name is a question whether it pays or not, but in the general run of bookwork there is no question that the machine saves at least fifty per cent. In running my teams, I follow the rule of having copy in abundance on the hook, galleys handy by the side of the machine, and a convenient bank for galleys to be taken off. For a good week’s work I give my figures for last week: On brevier, solid, twenty-one ems pica, a team made a run of 310,000 ems in five days, nine hours a day, no leads nor pickup; on solid bookwork, and in 5)4 days, four teams, small pica, brevier and minion, made 1,281,781 ems. This, I contend, is a good showing for four teams, on everyday work — no fat specials nor pickups, but solid type. The best day’s run was 63,800, on solid brevier, and I would like foremen of book offices to show 9}Va *iaOd3a AllVG Sheet After Second Impression.— Two Completed Copies of Job. work. In my experience the average day’s work has been much lower than the “records” of certain experts, and I have known men who for an hour or so could do almost phenomenal work, but when tied down to a steady grind of week in and out would fall far below the record — if really a record it can be called — of a short-time spurt. In con¬ sidering the output of a machine, or a man, I always look for the “ week in and week out” average of either man or machine ; for the money-making value of each is the steady output, not the spurts. I have under my control five Thorne machines, running four teams, and I have kept a careful record of each machine and each team for a long time, and have also had access to other records. While we read or hear ofttimes of 8,000, 10,000 or over ems per hour, the aver¬ age is a good deal less, and not throwing discredit upon the “average” man, either. In looking at machine composi¬ tion from a financial standpoint, in certain lines of work it better records for bookwork. In newspaper work better records can, of course, be made, but on bookwork I should like to see figures. G. Whitefield Taft, Foreman, New York Weekly. WANTED — COST OF PRESSWORK IN DIFFERENT COLORS AND IN DIFFERENT SIZED FORMS. To the Editor: St. Louis, Mo., August 6, 1897. I have been reading the articles you are printing in your paper on estimating the cost of many things connected with printing, but I have not seen one on estimating the cost of presswork in black or colors, and on different sized forms. Cannot you get one of your contributors to give his experi¬ ence in this line for your next number ? W. E. C. [Have our readers anything to offer on this subject? Correspondence is invited. — Editor Inland Printer.] 672 THE INLAND PRINTER. STEALING BRAINS. To the Editor: Boston, Mass., July 9, 1897. We inclose herewith an advertisement issued by the Ripans Tabules people, for which we suppose the Rowell Advertising- Ag-ency is responsible. You will notice that they have reproduced in the same a cut of ours which we issued in January, 1897. The original cut, as you will see, was made from an actual photograph made especially for us, and represents quite an item of expense. Although our cut was not copyrighted, what is your opinion of its unauthor¬ ized use by the Ripans people? Bowtcer Fertilizer Co. Per Frank R. Miller. [Our opinion is that it is very like the Ripans people. We present the two pictures. — Editor Inland Printer.] HOW THE PAPIER-MACHE SYSTEM OF STEREO¬ TYPING WAS INTRODUCED INTO EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND. To the Editor : Edinburgh, June 10, 1897. Inventors who wish to squeeze out of their patents a rea¬ sonable reward for the hard brainwork they have under¬ gone in devising their machines or processes often, as is well known, come to grief owing to some clever adventurer getting hold of their secrets and appropriating them. In London, I have been told, there are parties who watch the issue of new patents from the patent office, and if they think they can make anything out of it do not hesitate to write to inventors with the view of getting valuable information out of them upon which to proceed, and thus nefariously cheat the sanguine inventor out of his pecuniary harvest. Than the late Mr. David Macpherson, Edinburgh has not produced a more ingenious printer. He was appren¬ ticed to Messrs. Gall & Inglis, booksellers and printers, but instead of being sent to the case he was put in a room along with a clever son of one of the partners to learn wood engraving ; and when his term of apprenticeship expired he found himself rather straitened in his knowledge of a compositor’s duties. However, he persevered and ultimately started a stereotyping business. He also invented some improvements on the sewing machine, and entered into a sort of partnership with a manufacturer for their produc¬ tion; but as the manufacturer apparently wished to swallow up all the glory of the invention and all the profit arising therefrom pecuniarily, the arrangement was departed from with the result that many of the machines were thrown on Mr. Macpherson’s hands. In calling on him I wonder ingly perceived a small regiment of these sewing machines ranged along the walls of his bedroom. His daughter told me that her father came short in the mercantile tact required to put his machines before the public and deal so as to secure a suitable result for his cleverness. His stereotyping business was carried on for many years. He said to me, after he had sold out : “ Well, I always paid my hands full wages, whether busy or not ; and when I gave up the stereotyping I had just in hand what I started with — ;^100.” It was while in the full swing of his stereotyping busi¬ ness that he came to be the introducer of the papier-machd system into Edinburgh, and how this happened may show that an inventor may unconsciously denude himself of the fruits of his labors. The inventor of the papier-mach4 system was a French¬ man who came to Edinburgh with his molds, etc., hoping to induce some of the Edinburgh printers to embark in the new invention. Mr. Macpherson told me the Frenchman was ad¬ vised to call on him and explain matters, but some one having told him of Mr. Macpherson’s clever¬ ness as a stereotyper, he refused and left Edinburgh, he hoped, without leaving a single wrinkle behind him by which any clever Edinburgher might get at his secret. Vain hope ! Mr. Mac¬ pherson, while in conversation with some of the printers to whom Monsieur had unbosomed himself so far, at once saw through the whole process, and immediately commenced to carry it out. He had some doubts, he told me, as to the paper being entirely satisfac¬ tory as a material for making the molds, and consequently, before he put the paper on to the first page which he was desirous of stereo¬ typing, he put a very thin film of linen upon it, and then hammered on the papier-mach^. He found his plan entirely successful, but after¬ ward he discarded the linen as a useless adjunct, and stereotyped some very large works by the new system, among which was a family Bible for one McPhun, a bookseller and publisher in the Trongate of Glasgow. At the age of eighty, his mind clear as a bell, he was cut off very suddenly, in 1889. He told me that while managing the stereotyping business of the Messrs. Ballantyne, in Paul’s Work (which was the first firm’ in Edinburgh to carry on printing by steam machinery), he was appealed to for help by the machinemen who had charge of the new print¬ ing machines, as they could not get on ; and he succeeded, by transposing some of the machinery, in making the ink¬ ing process, which was not understood, come quite right. Samuel Kinnear. [The above suggests the ease with which new methods are grasped by some people. The department of electrotyp¬ ing and stereotyping in each issue of The Inland Printer gives many new ideas that will prove valuable. — Editor.] THE INLAND PRINTER. 673 A CORRECTION. To the Editor : Milwaukee, Wis., July 7, 1897. In my letter in the July number of The Inland Printer, entitled “The Original Colors,’’ the closing paragraph says that Chinese green is a mixture of a blue and a green coloring matter. It should have read a mixture of a blue and a yellow coloring matter.” The error is an obvious one. James G. Brazell. THE LINE AS A UNIT NOT PATENTABLE. To the Editor : Cleveland, Ohio, July 18, 1897. In the July issue of The Inland Printer there appeared an article written by Charles H. Cochrane, entitled “The Discouragements of a Typesetting Machine Inventor,” which is exceedingly interesting inasmuch as inventors seldom vouchsafe information so freely regarding experi¬ ments leading to utter abandonment of the object desired, but the field entered by the inventor spoken of in the article is so profusely strewn with the ddbris of defeated efforts of inventive genius for years past that comment upon his addi¬ tion to the collection would not be valuable were it not from the fact that, regarding his efforts to cast lines of type, he is As Taken by Ripans-Rowell. greatly in error in making this broad statement : “ This set me to looking up Mergenthaler’s patents, and I soon found out what everybody in the trade knows since their legal victory over the Rogers typograph, that the former concern had completely covered the idea of the use of the line as a unit in type composition.” This assumption is not correct, but the contrary is true, and the trade have for over half a century been purchasing promiscuously from type founders and others, line slugs in any quantity desired ; while today the Central Type Foundry, St. Louis, casts running head¬ lines for newspapers, imprints and weather-bureau logo¬ types and take-slugs ; and James Conners’ Sons, New York, cast logotype lines for law briefs and other purposes, which in itself shows the obvious error of such a statement as that made by the inventor referred to in the article. Con¬ tradiction of his statement would not be necessary were it not for the importance of Mr. Cochrane as a valuable con¬ tributor to The Inland Printer, and the broad area of its circulation, together with the acknowledged weight attached to all its articles by the trade generally ; hence it may not be out of place to quote the patent claims presented in the suit of the Mergenthaler against the Rogers, so that an erroneous impression sent broadcast may be as widely corrected : 1. In a machine for producing- printing bars, the combination of a series of independent matrices each representing a single character or two or more characters to appear together, holders or magazines for said matrices, a series of finger keys representing the respective characters, intermediate mechanism, substantially as described, to assemble the matrices in line, and a casting mechanism, substantially as described, to cooperate with the assembled matrices. 47. In a machine for producing stereotype bars, the combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of the changeable or convertible matrix, the mold cooperating therewith, and appliances substantially such as shown, for melting metal and for forcing the same into the mold. 63. In combination with a mold open on two sides, a series of movable matrices grouped in line against one side of the mold, a pot or reservoir act¬ ing against the opposite side of the mold, and a pump to deliver the molten or plastic material into the mold, as described and shown. Judge Coxe, in his decision, held these claims to be valid and entitled to a broad construction. He said : “ Complain¬ ant is entitled to liberal treatment at the hands of a court of equitj’, and to a construction broad enough to hold as infringers all who produce a linotype by similar or equivalent combination.” This is the most liberal construc¬ tion possible under the law. He could not hold they covered all mechanisms for producing a linotype, but only all similar or equivalent combinations of mechanism — meaning all combina¬ tions in which the same or equivalent mechanisms operated in substantially the same manner to produce the result. It is thus clear that this inventor had an imperfect conception of the object of the suit, and what the “legal vic¬ tory ” brought to the Mergenthaler; nothing more nor less than to “hold as infringers all who produce a lino¬ type by similar or equivalent combi¬ nation ” ; and as the process is the assembling of individual matrices in line, and from these cast a linotype in a single machine, and this being ex¬ actly the process of the Rogers ma¬ chine, of course a “legal victory” was inevitable. Thomas C. Brinkley. J Spanish journals on typography are considerable of a rarity. We re¬ view with interest La Cronica, a Madrid journal issued by the house of Richard Gans in behalf of “Imprenta, Lithografia, Encuademacion, Pabrica- cion del Papel y de las industrias relacionadas con la misma,” which, according to our Interpreting. Bureau, means printing, lithography, inkmaking, papermaking and related industries. There is an article on the history of lithography in Spain, departments of miscellany, questions, etc., and, like many of our continental contemporaries, it contains numerous specimen inserts of fine printing. One deserving particular mention is the example of three-color half-tone work, a process that seems to be making headway among the Castilian printers. The German Typographic Federation contained at the end of last year 21,354 members, and had a capital of $300,000. The Bookbinders’ Federation had 6,700 members, of which 4,292 were men, and 2,408 women,— Eat tetin de L' Imprimerie . 674 THE INLAND PRINTER. CUBA IN WAR TIME. THE INLAND PRINTER. 675 from “Don Carlos” and forward them, and to write up the field operations of the Spanish troops. He forwarded a number of very interesting- dispatches, picturing the suf¬ ferings of the pacificos and life among the Spanish sol¬ diers. Mr. William E. Curtis was to get the expressions of leading citizens of Havana on the possibilities of the war and the political situation of the island. He inter¬ viewed nearly every prominent leader of all parties, besides men who held foremost commercial and financial positions on the island. His mission was entirely along these lines and did not take him outside of Havana. Mrs. William E. Curtis accompanied the party and made a thorough search of the island for Spanish fans, old silver ornaments, knickknacks, old machetes, etc. Mr. Schmedtgen was sent to cover the picture end of the commission, and through the THE CHICAGO ‘‘RECORD’S” CUBAN WAR COMMIS¬ SION AND HOW IT OBTAINED THE NEWS.* The Chicago Record commission for furnishing news on the Cuban war was established the latter part of January, 1897, by sending four men to Cuba and by placing one in the news bureau at Key West to receive dis¬ patches from those in the field. The dispatches were sent to Mr. Trumbull White at Key West by underground sys¬ tem and by him edited, skeletonized and telegraphed to the paper, as it was not possible to cable news from Havana. The copy was placed in the hands of some cigar dealer in Havana, together with a liberal fee, calling for a certain number of pesos, and in a few days would be found at Key West. Mr. Charles E. Crosby, under the name of “Don Carlos,” was sent to Cuban lines. He succeeded in reach¬ ing Gomez, and sent several dispatches to the Record from the Cuban side. He was killed early in March by a Span¬ ish bullet while watching a battle. Mr. Crittenden Marriot was to remain on the Spanish side to receive the dispatches [*By the courtesy of the manag-ement of the Chicago Record The Inland Printer is enabled to show reproductions of a number of Cuban pictures taken by Mr. William Schmedtgen, of the art department of that paper. Mr. Schmedtgen also furnished the information concerning the com¬ mission from which this article was prepared. — Editor.] Spanish Soldier Arresting Pacificos. courtesy of the Spanish officers was able to get the photo¬ graphs reproduced in this number of The Inland Printer. This series of pictures represents a trip from Havana by rail to the western province of Pinar del Rio and along the western trocha from the south coast of the island to Mariel, the end of the trocha on the north coast. The train leaves every morning at sunrise for Artemesa, the headquarters of the Spanish army in the west, where about 20,000 soldiers are stationed, and is always accompanied by the iron car with its guard of soldiers. The running time is very slow, as the trains are liable to be blown up by dynamite at any time, or be fired into by small bands of insurgents who lurk in the brush along the tracks. No trains are run at night Scene at Soli 3’ Barracks. Soli ts’ Qhari Trocha. 676, THE INLAND PRINTER. in any part of the island. From Artemesa the trocha ex¬ tends to the south and to the north on each side of a well- built and well-kept macadam road. It is constructed of stone, dirt, and trunks of the tall palm trees, while outside of this are placed three wire fences crossed and recrossed found on the fields by the troops. These are guarded by the usual body of soldiers to keep them from securing pro¬ visions outside of the towns, thus causing much starvation and suffering. A pacifico is a non-combatant, a peaceful Cuban. About twelve miles south of Mariel, Maceo crossed the trocha a few hours before the engagement in which he was killed. Mariel, which is the headquarters for many troops, is a beautiful little town and is very clean and well kept. All travelers are placed in a small box-like building and fumigated against smallpox before being allowed to enter the cit3'. UNIFORM ESTIMATE AND TENDER BLANKS.* Mr. President and Members of the Milwaukee Typothetce: Gentlemen, — I regret exceedingly that through a blun¬ der of mine in regard to the time of holding our last meet¬ ing, any of you might have been disappointed in not hearing a paper read by me on some subject pertaining to our craft. Upon the whole, however, I am rather inclined to think you are to be congratulated ; and I only ask that j’ou be as charitable as possible toward me in 3’our criticisms of what I shall offer in a general way on the subject of “Uniform Estimates and Tender Blanks.” In the first place, I think Spanish Troops Leaving Havana for the Front. by loose barbed wire to prevent sudden charges by insur¬ gent cavalry, the idea being to have the horses get tangled in the loose wire. This really acts as much against the Spanish as the insurgents, as the former cannot get out of the trocha line to follow up a charge. At Artemesa letters are examined and numerous passes given for use along the trocha, as every laborer and driver must have a military pass to leave any town inside the trocha line. Travelers on this road are stopped at many places by sentries or followed by troops and their passes examined or exchanged. At about every thousand yards is located a palm-leaf hut surrounded by a stone wall in which is quartered a small detachment of soldiers, and at every half mile a larger body of troops is quartered. About midway between Artemesa and Mariel is sta¬ tioned a body of about three hundred soldiers commanded by Captain Racomaro. At this place through the captain’s kindness in forming the troops a number of the photographs shown here were taken. Captain Racomaro has seen many years of service in Cuba and in the Philippine Islands. In the hills off from the trocha are built many hastily con¬ structed villages, into which the pacificos are driven when we shall find the task of devising a uniform system of making estimates a very difficult one — difficult for the reason that nearly every man who does the estimating for his particular * Paper read at a recent meeting- of the Milwaukee Typotheta;. General View of Western Trocha. THE INLAND PRINTER. 677- office has a peculiar way of manipulating his figures, and naturally thinks it the best. They all arrive in the end at some result. Sometimes the man who has secured the order will think there will be a fair margin of profit — at least he will always maintain that his estimate was correct, and if there should prove to be a loss anywhere, it will most likely be attributed to the manner of its execution by the foreman, etc. In fact, gentlemen, I think most of you will agree with me when I say that the person whose duty it is to make figures will readily maintain that he was right, and if he fails to secure the order he has no hesitancy in telling you, if asked, that his lucky competitor will lose money on that particular job. Let that be as it may, we should not lose sight of the fact that where there are so many plants of different sizes, different equipments, running expenses, etc., it is no wonder that there should be a great difference in estimates under the present system. Sometimes a plant will make a fair profit on a certain job, while another will lose money, as you all know. But to come to the point : Is it desirable for all offices to adopt Uniform Estimates and Tender Blanks? I certainly reply in the affirmative, for several reasons. In the first place, if a proper estimate blank were gotten up Captain Racomaro anp His Cuban Guide. for use by all competitors, and used, there would be less danger of omitting some item in making the estimate, a cer¬ tain basis for figuring composition, making alterations, doing presswork and binding, could be adopted. The matter of stock, which cuts such an important figure, could also appear on the blank. If properly filled out in making an estimate I can conceive of no more valuable adjunct to a printing office than a blank book of this description, which would be valuable for reference and also in making future estimates on the same class of work. If used by most of our offices I think there would be less difference in the way of bids on the same class of work — consequently more satisfactory profits in the business. Then, besides, it does away to a great extent with what I consider a pernicious indulgence with some of making figures too rapidly — while the customer waits — which precludes to a great degree the opportunity to revise an estimate carefully if desired. I have with me a form of blank used by a friend in the business, which he recommends very highly. I submit it for the inspection of such of you who are interested for what it is worth. If not too tiresome, there is another matter connected with making estimates, which I desire to allude to, which 678 THE INLAND PRINTER. may be of interest. I have no doubt most of you at some time have had some experience with that class of customer who g-oes the rounds of all the offices getting figures on every job, however small. Of course, this is shrewd, but it is a source of loss of time to the average printer. Now, in all candor, I think the printer is partly to blame for this habit, because of his eagerness to give figures on everything that comes along, in hopes of securing an order. I know of a case where several jobs were figured on after the work had been executed by a firm in this city. The figures were asked for for the sole purpose of having prices from other firms with which to compare and check up the bill. Of course, the man who made the figures was imposed upon. I think it would be wise if, in many cases, where prices on small jobs are called for, the customer was told in a gen¬ eral way to leave the order ; that you would make the price as low as possible, etc. Then turn out a good job at a reasonable figure. I think you will lose very few orders by doing this, discourage competition, and give satisfaction. If not too tiresome, please allow me a few more words about estimates. Why can’t a small fee be charged for making estimates on all orders amounting to $1 and upward, to be refunded only in case the order is secured ? Wouldn’t it have a tendency to discourage somewhat the growing practice of having so many estimates on every large order ? There would be just as much printing exe¬ cuted. Making estimates takes time, and time is money. Why, I remember one occasion where over sixty offices fig¬ ured on one job. I estimate that in this particular instance a total of at least sixty days’ time was consumed in making figures in this competition. At a low estimate it co.st the employing printers an average of three to four dollars apiece at the lowest calculation, or a total of between two and three hundred dollars — and only one printer got the persimmon. I shall be glad to hear all these points dis¬ cussed by members of our local typothetse, for I am sure it will result in no harm. In regard to the use of a tender blank : I take it that this applies to a small form of blank to be given the customer, showing the amount you ask for doing his job. I certainly think it an excellent plan. On this blank should also appear all matters relating to proofs, what you expect of the author in examining same, the matter of alterations — how to be charged and at what rate per hour. Also the party’s responsibility for cuts in case of fire, etc. If such blanks are used I will guarantee there will be very few dis¬ putes about bills when rendered, and you will retain your customer for future orders. Gentlemen, in conclusion, I thank you for your attention. I think I have said enough to provoke some discussion, which I hope to hear. If we succeed in formulating any plan, however slight, which will redound to the benefit of our craft, I shall feel amply repaid for my efforts tonight. THE '‘HOARDINGS.” This is the correct name for boards or fences upon which posters are pasted or hung. Our philological editor has undertaken to look up the pedigree of the word and finds that it was originally applied to the board structure, with roof, built on top of the walls of the old mediaeval fort or castle to protect the archer and give him a good opportunity to shoot or throw stones on the enemy. From the ruins of these old fastnesses the term got to be applied to any old decayed wooden building, and was so used by Dickens in his novels. The transition from the old ruin or abandoned structure, so handy for the ubiquitous bill-sticker, to the modern well-built bill-board is as obvious as it is interesting. The trade world has its warfare, but time will teach that peace and industry give better returns. — S. O. E. R. PROCESS ENGRAVING NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY S. H, HORGAN. In this department, queries addressed to The Inland Printer regard¬ ing process engraving will be recorded and answered, and the experi¬ ences and suggestions of engravers and printers are solicited hereto. It is believed that herein will be found a medium for the interchange of valuable hints and suggestions never before offered to those in interest. Aluminum in Place of Lithographic Stones.— The prediction made in this column a couple of years ago that aluminum sheets would likely take the place of litho¬ graphic stones, promises fulfillment. In New York large color posters are printed on a web press from aluminum sheets. In the government printing offices in both Berlin and Vienna this metal is used in the production of military maps, and now aluminum bronze is suggested as being the better printing plate, owing to its hardness and greater durability. The Proper Position for the Square Diaphragm. — R. H. Willoughby, New Britain, Connecticut, inquires : “ In using a diaphragm with a square opening in connection with a diagonally ruled screen, should the opening be par¬ allel with the small transparent squares of the screen, or parallel with the outside edges of the screen plate itself? By stating your opinion in regard to the above, you will confer a favor that will be highly appreciated.” Answer. — Use the square diaphragm with the edges of its aperture exactly parallel with the sides of the screen plate. Photogravure on Steel. — P. J. McKeon, New York, writes: “ Kindly solve the following : I have a steel plate grained with asphaltum and a carbon negative laid down on same, with margin, etc., stopped out ready for etching, same as for a regular photogravure process. What do you advise using for etching under the above conditions? Give also mode of etching, etc.” Answer. — In ordinary photogravure on copper, perchloride of iron of several strengths is used, the average strength of the solutions being 40° Baum4. The stronger the solution the slower the action, and vice versa. It may be this will work on steel. We should like to learn of our correspondent’s success with it. Engraving White Designs in Black Grounds. — Thomas Roche, New Haven, Connecticut, kindly forwards lengthy descriptions of two methods for photo-engraving white lines on a black ground. In brief, his methods are : 1. To squeegee a sheet of stout unsized paper to either a detached plain collodion or gelatin film. If the job is com¬ posed entirely of type matter, pull a proof on this collodion or gelatin film with ink same as is used in printing on cel¬ luloid. When the ink dries on this positive print it can be used as is a negative for printing on zinc. 2. The second method is to have the design made in india ink on tracing paper, and use it to print from on the zinc plate. All of which is given to our readers in addition to the photographic method on page 435 of the July number. The latter method has the advantage that the copy, whether a proof from type or an original design, can be enlarged or reduced. Photo-Lithography in New Zealand. — Mr. Tom L. Mills, Wellington, New Zealand, sends a roll of proofs from stone, and writes : “ These illustrations were done wholly upon lithographic stone at the New Zealand Government Lithographic Printing Office (under the Survey Department) by Mr. Ross, who submits them for criticism and compari¬ son, and he would like to know whether such work (photo¬ lithography) is done in America, and if so, how the inclosed specimens compare therewith. Mr. Ross is an old subscriber to The Inland Printer, whose illustrations and technical articles have been very helpful to him in the advance he has made in his branch of reproductive art.” Answer. — It is a great pleasure to record here that these photo-lithographs from one of our subscribers in the antip¬ odes are equal to the very best made in this country. THE INLAND PRINTER. 679 From 1876 to 1884 the writer had charge of the photo-litho¬ graphic department of the Graphic Company, New York, and handled considerable United States government work, so that his experience makes him appreciate the technical knowledge shown in this work of Mr. Ross. The methods used are evidently similar to those described in this depart¬ ment, the excellence being due to the skillful manipulation. Transferring a Print, to Boxwood. — W. T. Squires, Lestershire, New York, asks : “ Would you tell me chem¬ icals used by engravers for transferring the ink of a cut on boxwood so it could be engraved and not drawn. We have tables that we have to duplicate, and this process would be of a great benefit.” Answer. — Dissolve a stick of caustic potash in equal parts of alcohol and water. Pour this solu¬ tion in a dish. Float the print to be transferred back down on it. This softens the ink of the print. Lay the print back down on a blotter to remove excess of moisture. The face of the boxwood having been previously rubbed with whit¬ ing and white of egg and dried, the damp print is laid face down on the wood, a sheet of note paper laid on it, and the latter rubbed over carefully with a burnisher or bone paper- cutter, when it will be found the ink of the print will leave its original paper support and go over to the boxwood. Rollers for Rolling Up Zinc Plates. — “Nutmeg” writes: “Will you kindly inform me, through the process workers’ query column of your valuable publication, if the ordinary composition roller used by printers is suitable to distribute hard-etching ink upon zinc plates in warm weather ? I have tried the ink warm, and have thinned it with turpentine, but still the roller I have seems to repel the ink, and I am unable to roll the zinc evenly.” Answer. — In everyday work the writer uses both a lithographers’ smooth skin leather roller when the ink is very stiff and a composi¬ tion roller when the ink is soft. Any lithographic transfer ink by a good maker will answer. At present I am using Fuchs & Lang’s etching ink with a composition roller, and the latter works better when it has seasoned a little. When the ink is too stiff to distribute I soften it with a little mid¬ dle litho-varnish, or with a drop or two of oil of lavender. When these are used the ink should be rolled lightly on the plate until an even coating is had, otherwise the print will be difficult to develop. The Decline of Wood Engraving. — Prof. Hubert Herkomer, in a recent lecture at the Crystal Palace, London, on “Sixty Years of the Fine Arts” as reported by the Printing World, stated that the Victorian Age marks the development and destruction of the art of wood engraving. Enlarging on the subject, he laid it down that the develop¬ ment of any reproductive art was stimulated, if not entirely brought about, by the requirements of the artist who did the original work. It was in the early forties that Mr. Ingram went to Sir J. Gilbert with the idea of a weekly illustrated paper — the Illustrated London News. The artist was aghast, but he helped, and the venture succeeded. The issue of the Illustrated News marked an era, not only in England, but in the world. But we had now in England and Wales close upon a thousand journals with illustra¬ tions. It was a strange fact that the art of wood engraving had in it something unstable — a fact in which history had repeated itself. It had risen to a high pitch in the Victor¬ ian period, but had declined again. Some masters of the real craft remained, striving to uphold it as one of the precious forms of interpretation, but, in the main, photo¬ mechanical processes had killed it. Answer. — In frequent conversations on this very subject Professor Herkomer has told the writer how much he valued the increasing aid that photography was lending to the production and distribution of pictorial art. That the photo-mechanical processes have killed wood engraving is true, but he might have added that it was a survival of the fittest — wood engraving was but an expedient. Process engraving is the better means of repro¬ ducing the artist’s work, still it is not always satisfactory. It requires often but a few touches of the skilled wood engraver to change a half-tone from a mechanically pro¬ duced block to an artistic engraving, and herein lies the future for the former wood engravers. PRESSROOM QUERIES AND ANSWERS. CONDUCTED BY A PRESSMAN. TO CORRESPONDENTS. — Letters for this department should be mailed direct to Monroe street, Chicago. The names and addresses of correspondents must be given, not necessarily for publication, but merely to identify them if occasion should arise. No letters will be answered by mail which properly belong to this department. Varnish to Thin Bronze Ink.— J. C. C., of Wolfpen, Ohio, says he has a lot of bronze ink that is too stiff for use, and wants us to give a recipe for reducing it so that it can be worked. Answer. — To ten parts refined glycerin add three parts fine white dammar varnish, mix well, and incor¬ porate with the ink as required. Information for W. R. & Co., of Keokuk, Iowa. — “The undersigned (D. I. Winslow, 16 Merriam street, Leo¬ minster, Massachusetts) saw your query in the July Inland Printer, in regard to what to use on a press to cut folding boxes. I have followed the business for some years past and can state that sheet brass, steel and sheet iron are used. Steel is the best, but many prefer the other metals. All manufacturers use about the same thickness of metals, ranging from to yi inch, to cut any weight of stock.” Ink for Hand Numbering Machines. — W. A. B., of Coffeyville, Kansas, wants a formula for making ink for hand machines. He writes : “It seems to me that a relia¬ ble ink for this purpose can be made at home. Have tried aniline and glycerin, but results not all I could wish for.” Answer. — Any good printing ink reduced with glycerin and a little refined raw oil will make a suitable ink ; or take dry aniline color, and grind this finely in a muller with good glycerin, and then add to this a few drops of thin printer’s varnish and you will have a good working color. About Electricity in Paper in Summer. — J. J. R., of Oakland, California, writes : “ Is there likely to be elec¬ tricity in a cheap flat paper (folio) in summer (in Cali¬ fornia) ? Does sprinkling the floor with water in the vicin¬ ity of the press have any beneficial effect on the stock so affected? i. e., does the water help do away with the capil¬ lary attraction?” Answer. — Prom our own experience, we say no. Sprinkling water near the printing press in summer is wrong; in winter it is different, as the printing rollers are not then affected by slight dampness about the machine. Sprinkling water near a printing press during winter will help to allay electricity in paper, but not effect¬ ively. Electricity in paper during extreme cold weather is a regular occurrence, as cold or frigid weather contributes to such a result, and this is accelerated, to a large degree, by the use of fast revolving chilled cylinders which are used in finishing paper stock. Wants a Remedy for Uneven Inking on a Platen Press. — E. C. G., of Boston, Massachusetts, writes: “I inclose an envelope corner printed in red which please refer to in ‘Pressroom Queries and Answers.’ Note how heavy the ink is on the lower half ; the cut has been locked up square in the chase and the envelope fed diagonally. The cut is of wood. ... I have arranged foundry bearers all around it, and worked it with a frisket ; but before any good effect from frisket was noticeable, the abundance of ink from frisket and bearers spoiled that. Do you think the trouble is in the paper ? ” Answer. — The paper is all right. The trouble lies in the rollers and the way they pass over the small wood cut. Instead of putting bearers 680 THE INLAND PRINTER. around the cut and using a frisket which of necessity would become surfeited with ink from these, you had placed bear¬ ers at each side of the chase — right and left — so that the rollers would run on these as they traveled up and down over the face of the cut, you would have had no such trouble, provided the ink was of good working quality for a solid wood-cut advertisement. An electrotype should have been made from this cut, and this also nickel-faced for good clean printing. How TO Prevent Offset. — N. W. S., of Lincoln, Ne¬ braska, writes : “ Will you kindly inform me how I may avoid the troublesome offset which you will notice on the back of inclosed page. I always dampen the floor to pre¬ vent the electric contact of the paper, the trouble seeming to arise partly from this cause. I also oil the tympan as the offset continues. In spite of the unusual care taken as to the quantity of ink used, compelling me to put paper between the printed sheets, I conclude that I have not suffi¬ cient knowledge of the subject to overcome the difficulty.” Answer. — Change the black, blue and red inks you are using and get inks a little stronger in color and tack, which will permit you to carry less color on the work. The colors shown on the specimens sent have not the proper varnish to “set” them on the paper stock, in consequence of which the color “ rubs” off on the sheets from their own weight. Do not allow too many sheets to be piled up before removing them from the press, and when lifting these do not disturb them from the position they have assumed while being laid on the press table. There is no need of dampening the floor around the press during summer weather ; better dry, as there is no electric contact in paper during such weather. If you want your rollers to lay on ink properly in warm or sultry weather, keep the surroundings of your printing machinery as dry as possible. Presses Used for Copper and Steel Plate Engrav¬ ings. — F. B. E., of Marlboro, Massachusetts, writes: “ Will you kindly inform me how and on what presses copper and steel plate engravings are printed ; and please describe the process as fully as your space will allow.” Answer. — Special presses are built by Messrs. Hoe & Co. and others, for copper and steel plate printing; these presses may be had equipped for working by hand or run by steam power. The lighter presses are used for printing most of the ordinary sizes of commercial work — the heavier built being employed for doing all kinds of commercial and illustrated work. The printing plates are made the reverse of those used for letterpress purposes, being intaglio, the flgure or text being cut down into the metal ; the ink is forced into the depressions, and supplied by hand-rolling, the flat part of the plate being wiped off after each inking before the impression is taken. Special ink and rollers are necessary ; and as the plate has to be polished clean, after each inking, the process is quite slow in the way of produc¬ tion. The construction of steel-plate printing presses involves rigidity in its most correct form, as steel cylinders are employed both over and under the bed ; the bed con¬ tains the engraved plate ; the sheets are laid on by hand, which may be done at either end of the press. These presses are also used for “plating” gold bronze printing, whereby it may be made to almost equal gold leaf work, much of the effect depending upon the kind of stock used. Trouble with Inks. — “ A San Francisco pressman has difficulty with his ink on a job on glazed paper,” writes a correspondent. “It is a label on which the margin is too narrow to work grippers that will pull off the sheet if the ink is tacky, or when a great deal of Japan is used. If he uses a soft ink, such as half-tone or process-cut ink, it does not dry on the glazed surface, but will smear on the paper two or three days after being worked. He has tried heavy¬ bodied ink, reducing it with the various reducers known to the trade, but without obtaining relief. The same press¬ man has difficulty in working on gold-surfaced paper. If a strong ink is used, with plenty of drier, the surface of the paper, with the gilt, is pulled off. If a soft, buttery ink is used there is the same difficulty with the drying. His best results were obtained with a very flne heavy-bodied ink, reducing with a heavy-bodied Japan drier.” Answer. — This pressman is evidently bent on giving himself unneces¬ sary trouble or of dabbling with the approachable to impos¬ sibilities when he seeks to get an ink to work and the sheet to pull itself off from the form. There are numerous ways of adjusting grippers and other accessories to pull off sheets that have very small margins. When these cannot be util¬ ized then the paper should be cut so as to allow more mar¬ gin ; or, failing in this, then the press must be run slow and the sheets taken off by hand. If a regular “job” ink is used, with a small portion of hog’s lard, and this well worked into the ink, he will have but little trouble with the sheet, nor will the quality of the ink be disturbed to any serious degree. Japan varnish is hardly a desirable reducer or drier for printing inks ; dammar varnish is preferable, for good ink especially. Working Half-Tone Plates on Perfecting Presses. B. C., Norwich, Connecticut, writes : “ Will you inform me of the method of working half-tone plates on a perfecting press?” Answer. — The preparation and make-ready for printing half-tones, so called, on such presses does not differ materially from that employed on flat bed machines, such as two-revolution and drum cylinders. If the plates are curved and fastened to cylinders, the flrst detail necessary is to make an underlay for all imperfections by reason of low spots in the plates. This must be done with great care and judgment, so that the face of the plate may be made as uni¬ form as possible at this stage of make-ready. When this has been done it is next in order to take impressions on as many different thicknesses of make-ready paper as is intended there shall be sheet-thicknesses of overlay applied on the illustrations. Some make two-sheet overlays do, while others employ three sheets; but the preparation of these overlays, in all cases, should be intrusted to only the most skilled workmen. There are very few persons who are fully competent to take hold of these presses and execute good work on them, because the machine and this character of printing require special experience on the part of the workman. After these requisites comes the necessity for appropriate paper and ink for such speed as the machine is to be run at. Speed has much to do with the suitability of ink and paper ; and after these the question of “ set-off,” and appliances to counteract this, enters into the consideration of the general method. In short, to succeed with any method we might give you, it is wise flrst to secure a workman with not only a good method, but also actual experience to carry it into execution. Rollers Not Working Satisfactorily in Warm Weather. — L. R. W., of New Sharon, Iowa, writes: “For the past week, during the extreme hot weather, I have had considerable trouble with my rollers, and could not get a clear print. My employer, who is a practical all-round printer, had me leave the ink stand on the rollers and disk, and not clean them at night as I have been in the habit of doing, saying that it would cause the ink to carry up on the rollers, as the ink had refused to do when washed up. After leaving the rollers a couple of days in this condition they worked better, but as the weather was then cooler I was not certain which was the cause for the rollers taking up the ink. Is it beneficial to rollers to allow job ink to become dry on them? I clean the rollers with the best grade of lard oil — never touching them with water. Is this a good plan?” Answer. — We do not desire to encourage neglect or abuse of good rollers by indorsing the course pursued of THE INLAND PRINTER. allowing- ink to dry on them and the disk in order to make them take ink on a warm or murky day. A set of old or hard rollers should be kept on hand for just such weather. Allowing ink to dry hard on rollers destroys suction and sensitiveness of touch ; and while they may seem to take up the ink, it will be found to be very unevenly deposited on the form and stock. To let the ink dry on the disk did not expedite or add to the ability of the rollers to take up and cover properly, either; better to have a clean disk. With rollers made of glue and glycerin composition, especially when this has a trifle too much glycerin, the trouble com¬ plained of will always be manifested in humid or very warm weather. By washing off such rollers with benzine, and after a few minutes rubbing them well with powdered alum, then allowing them to stand twenty minutes or half an hour and brushing the surplus off with a dry rag, the rollers will take ink and work well for hours after. During cold weather there is no trouble with rollers not taking up ink. Your method of cleaning off rollers with lard oil is correct, although a damp sponge run over the face of the rollers quickly will assist them in the deposition of the ink. Embossing Imprints on Photo Card Mounts. — J. F. P., of Montreal, Canada; W. V. C., of St. Louis, Missouri, and W. D. C., of Berea, Kentucky, are all interested corre¬ spondents in this reply. One writes: “Please inform me of the best manner of printing in gold (same as sample). If it is in gold leaf, or done with bronze powder, and if size is used to make them hold ? ” Another says : “I would like you to tell me of a size or method by which I can stamp gold leaf without applying heat to same. The samples sent are done with bronze, but they tarnish. Some customers prefer leaf, but the method in use makes a good many skips, which is quite a waste of leaf and the time running them over again,” The third writes: “Inclosed find a photo mount stamped and gilded in our office. The customary way is to have mounts embossed through the supply houses, who make a plate which they keep and emboss the mounts before being shipped. I had a plate made especially for emboss¬ ing, and printed the mounts with size, gilded them, and afterward reprinted them with a heavier impression. How¬ ever, I am not satisfied with the result.” Answer. — Reply¬ ing to the first, we will merely state that the sample was done with gold leaf, and that a size was used to hold on the leaf. You must do this line of work with sizing made of “ glair ” (white of eggs) or chrome yellow and No. 2 strong linseed varnish. With the glair size the work must be embossed with heat, and with the chrome size the work may be done cold, but may require an extra handling, nor is it as smooth or brilliant as when done with heat. To the sec¬ ond writer we can only reiterate what we have just said. Your samples in bronze, of silver, gold and color, are very creditable ; and were it not that the bronzes tarnish (by rea¬ son of the kind of size used) they would almost baffle the judgment of an expert. The third correspondent’s speci¬ men is a poor attempt at this kind of work, consisting, as it does, of an electro made from a regular script type, printed with ordinary printing size, bronzed in the regular way, and finally run through the press with a much stronger impression than that used in the first case. If W. D. C. will go about doing this work right, he will require a hot printing or embossing machine first thing. Coating Pulling off Paper Made for Soap Wrap¬ pers. — C. A. A., of Woodstock, Ontario, Canada, has sent us two printed samples of soap wrappers, printed with black ink on a bright-red coated enameled paper, regarding which he says : “As a recognized authority on all matters of typography and presswork, I wish to submit to you for solution a problem from the pressroom ; I refer to the print¬ ing on a sample of coated alkali soap wrapper inclosed. It is represented as alkali-proof, and while the bright red is a fiSl delicate shade to handle we have always given our custom¬ ers satisfaction. In the last run there were some of the sheets printed like the samples inclosed. [One of the samples shows the ink and coating as having pulled off, while the other is the reverse.] The pressman claims that the fault was in the coating on the paper ; but when I wrote to the manufacturers they were able to demonstrate by the other printed sheets, which they returned, that the coating did not pull off as it did in the same sheets with us. Now, are you able to state whether the fault was in the paper, the ink, or with the pressman. I am not very clear myself, but feel very strongly that the paper is as good as the stock usually used for this purpose.” Answer. — The coating on the two samples is not equally strong, no matter what the manufacturers may say to the contrary. One is sufficiently strong to hold the weak and reduced black ink with which it is printed, showing that the pressman has gone as far as practicable to print on the paper. The same ink has been used on the other sample, but the coating gives way very perceptibly and produces what is termed a bad “ pull-off.” On testing the coating on these two samples of paper, by Kelly’s “ Presswork ” method on page 79, the coating on one of these gives way very easily under the test, while the other resists it moderately well. Now, imperfect coating, by which we mean “weak” coating in this case, is the result of different mixtures of the coating material ; for rarely are any of these of equal merit. Then again, the use of old size, or the decayed mixture of the evening before, being added to new material, will not hold the coating as effectively as when each batch of coating matter is made fresh daily. Manufacturers know this as well as anyone ; but they prefer to “ waste not ” and to “ stick ” the printer. Badly coated paper is usually mixed in with the better grade of work, so as to pass muster, and in this way the makers can be relied upon to play a winning card when remonstrated with. Test all papers that are coated, before cutting up the sheets, and you will stand a fair show with the manufacturers when you have occasion to call them down. The use of fresh and good glue size would have held the coloring and coating matter and obviated all trouble in this case. Engraving on Hard Rubber — a Reply to W. R. & Co., Keokuk, Iowa. — Thomas Roche, New Haven, Connect¬ icut, writes under, date of July 14: “Replying to the inquiry of W. R. & Co., Keokuk, Iowa, in ‘ Pressroom Notes and Queries ’ in the July issue, I desire to say that from this distance it is difficult to determine what the above concern means by ‘ large rubber casts.’ Do they call 72-point letters large or do they mean a newspaper page ? A little more preciseness on this point and they will receive an answer in The Inland Printer. It is possible to engrave on hard rubber, but if they have a desire to attempt to engrave on rubber of the consistency of rubber stamp stock, the tools should be kept moistened with water. However, while it is possible to engrave on rubber it is neither practical nor economical. An ordinary name could be set up in 72-point, a mold taken and a cast obtained before two perfect letters could be produced by the graver. If, however, W. R. & Co. desire to produce some original engraving on rubber, the way to do it would be to make a drawing and have the same photo-etched or engraved on a chalk plate and make a rubber cast direct from same. The latter is the most economical method, and when done by a brainy artist is fully as good as the former, if not better. Hard zinc will make a fairly good plate to cut against in making paper boxes out of light stock if only a few hundred is to be run, but if on large and regular runs you should attempt to utilize zinc you would be the most disappointed man that ever saw paper. Sheet- iron is sometimes used, but hardened steel is the best, and in the long run the cheapest.” THE INLAND PRINTER. 683 Written for The Inland Printer. WELLINGTON (N. Z.) TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION. BY TOM L. MILLS. 4N opportunity of sending- The Inland Printer a group UX photograph of the leading spirits in the Wellington Typographical Union affords an opening for me to tell Americans something concerning a body of organized printers -n-hich has ever led the van in grappling with the problems of the times, and whose ranks have furnished men who have been called into the counsels of the great when law-making has been on the board. My own connection with the Wellington Typographical Union dates back ten years, just as the boy- labor agitation was beginning to make itself felt throughout Australia ; and in that connection, it was the Wellington society which set up a boy-labor com¬ mittee of inquiry, the result of which was communicated to all kindred bodies in the colon}', and the outcome of which was the formation of the Wellington Trades Council, a body which has proved a power to unionism in our own land, forcing successive ministries to yield to the progressive spirit of workers, and has brought about experimentive legislation as an example to the rest of the world. Thus the Executive of New Zealand’s Labor Unions (as the Well¬ ington Trades Council is known) has been the means of placing upon our statutes measures sufficient to fill a book to themselves, and published by the Government as “The Labor Laws of New Zealand,’’ chief among which stands “The Industrial Conciliation and Arbitration Act,’’ passed in 1895, and reckoned the greatest bit of experimental legis¬ lation of any time, and of which a writer in a recent issue of an English financial journal has just said : “An Act of Parliament which promptly saves a country a million ster¬ ling is a statute indeed. The New Zealand Conciliation and Arbitration Act has done this during the first year of its active life.” Such is written upon the authority of the pre¬ mier of our colony, and though we have had half a dozen incidents which promised to culminate disastrously — given the old order of things, or the failure of the act in serious labor troubles — yet on being brought under the workings of the new law, conciliation first and then arbitration have proved successful, and money thus saved to both masters and men, seamen, bootmakers, coal miners and tailors, have all proved this. And behind the drafting of this act were two of our Wellington Typographical Union members, Messrs. D. P. Fisher and H. C. Jones, it fittingly happening that both gentlemen, by election among fellow-unionists, were chosen to represent labor on the first board of concil¬ iation set up in their district. Representing the capital city of the colony, the Welling¬ ton Typographical Union has the printerian employes of the government printing office upon its roll, and probably its record of strength stands unique among typographical societies the world over, in this fact : every printing house in Wellington acknowledges its rules, and so well are these upheld that every printer in the city is a member of Welling¬ ton Typographical Union. Can any other city in the world claim a like record ? “Are you a union man ? ” is a ques¬ tion asked by foremen of every printer seeking work, and so watchful of its privileges have been the successive boards of management that defaulters and suspects have early been brought to see the error of their ways ; and in another respect it is worthy of mention that the representatives in each office attend so carefully to their duties as to make the annual report tell the society that “there are no members behind with their dues.” The group photograph here shown was taken to form part of a presentation made to Mr. H. C. Jones on the occasion of his leaving the presiden¬ tial chair, after occupying that position for some years (during which he was several times called to the presidency of the Trades Council, and also presided over annual con¬ ferences of Trades Council delegates) and being prominent in the society’s affairs for some fifteen years. In the group are several old subscribers to The Inland Printer. The Wellington Typographical Union has ever been looked to by othei* labor bodies to take the lead in new movements, and when Premier Ballance decided, four years ago, to give the honors of seats in the Legislative Council (our nominative chamber) to representatives from the ranks of workers (it having previously been the custom only to recognize men of position and money), the then president of the Wellington Typographical Union, Mr. John Rigg, was one of the four laborites chosen from the whole colony. I have just seen an advance proof of the board of manage¬ ment’s report, to be presented at the general meeting in a few days (all such meetings are held on Saturday nights — we have no Sunday papers out this way), and I include here the first paragraph as giving some idea of the mode of the governing body’s methods. The opening portion of the report says : Your board, in presenting- their half-yearly report for the consideration of members of the union, have to express their regret that, owing to the regular sessional work having been deferred till the end of the year, there is an unusual number of unemployed for whom there is no present prospect of employment at the trade. For several years Parliament has been in session at this time of the year, and therefore those who depend upon casual employ¬ ment have been able to obtain sufficient work to carry them through the winter months and to pay a certain amount in subscriptions so as to qualify themselves at a future time to draw benefits under the rules ; under existing circumstances, however, they are left to face the winter months without employment and are unable to receive unemployed allowance from the union; thus their lot becomes a specially hard one. The attention of the Govern¬ ment has been drawn to the matter by a deputation of the unemployed, who waited on the Hon. W. Hall-Jones. They were accompanied by your presi¬ dent, who stated that the stronger among the applicants would give prefer¬ ence to the weaker if printing could not be found for all. The minister promised to do what he could in the matter, and subsequently offered them bushfelling and roadmaking in the country; but this offer was declined, as the men were of opinion that the distance from Wellington and their want of experience unsuited them for the work, especially at this lime of the year. It is the opinion of your board that the refusal of the work offered was not creditable to some of those concerned in it, and that it would be well for a number of the members of the union, especially single men, to realize their position and endeavor to obtain work outside the trade instead of hanging about the city as at present in the expectation of obtaining about four months work in the year. As has been pointed out in previous reports, the introduction of machinery, and the continually increasing number of printers due to the excessive employment of boy labor in country offices, leave little hope for improvement in the future, and therefore the sooner the fact is generally recognized the better it will be for those who suffer most from want of employment, and for the union. The union is worked on very economical and the most democratic lines. It has only one paid officer, the secretary, who gets only $100 per annum, and the other officers are — president, vice-president, treasurer, and two trustees. The board of management consists of two delegates, chosen to represent the union by competition at the general meeting, and delegates from chapels and jobrooms. Fathers of chapels are the collectors for the union. The contribution is twelve cents per week, and the benefits $2.50 per week out-of-work allowance, not to exceed eight weeks, and just over $6 must be paid in after such allowance has been taken out before the unemployed can again come under the assist¬ ance. Sometimes, if an out-of-work member desires to try another district, the board will grant him the $20 to help him along. The board also, when it has surplus funds, grants loans to members without the payment of interest. Mr. R. E. Vaney (father of the New Zealand Times chapel) now occupies the presidency, and Mr. McGirr is still secretary. Governed by common sense, guided by a spirit of con¬ ciliation rather than aggressiveness, yet ever watchful of the privileges of the trade, and largely helped by some of the very best and fairest of employers, the Wellington Typo¬ graphical Union has gone quietly along upon modern lines, recognizing the power of labor in politics, taking many advantages of the spirit of the new unionistic movement. 684 THE INLAND PRINTER. and we can all wish that other bodies would follow its example, get up and go and do likewise, and wish one and all similar success. PRINTING AND PUBLICITY PROBLEMS. BY MUSGEOVE. Herein will be criticised each month samples of printing intended to make publicity for the users thereof. The samples will be criticised from the technical point of view of the printer and the advertising expert. All samples for this department should be marked “ MUSGROVE.” I WANTED our “Experience Meeting” to answer, to a large extent at least, the question, “How shall I advertise economically, effectively and profitably ? ” Every printer asks that some time or other in his career. He asks it with more real interest when business grows slack and he is reminded that he has not been pushing it among new people or keeping the old apprised of his continued existence. There seems to be but three ways of advertising — by the means of solicitors, by the means of publications, and by printed matter made by the printer himself. I shall not take into consideration the first, except as some of the print¬ ers who will contribute hereafter will speak of them ; the second and third are the two means with which the majority of us are most concerned. In the June issue of The Inland Printer I spoke of a calendar that I received of Fred W. Haigh, Toledo, Ohio, and because of its unique cleverness as an advertisement I said it should have paid. Mr. Haigh says : When you reviewed my calendar in the June issue, and asked “if it paid,” I was tempted to answer you then, but did not. Since you will make a special effort to find out some of the various ways printers advertise, I will relate my own experience with the calendars. To say they have paid, would put it mildly. I have never used anything that has brought such direct results ; some soon after sending, others after a year of continuous pegging. In all cases reference is made to the calen¬ dars, their attractiveness, neatness and the regularity of them ; they are left from first to last of the month, showing their usefulness. Some have the entire series, dating from September, 1895. I have a carefully selected list of names both of firms and employes, for it is often that heads of firms do not know anything about the printing. I have one house where I send fifteen calendars. I use the mail exclusively, as the advertisements then reach the right person — and the one I intended they should. My trade is nearly all local and is almost exclusively reached over the ’phone, or sent me either by mail or carrier. Each month I add to my list of customers new firms who have been attracted b3' my advertising matter. “ Rush jobs are a special delight.” It is surprising how much that little sentence is impressed on the minds of people who get the calendars, and I have got any number of jobs because of that single line. And when I have pleased one man by being prompt, he surely will recommend me. I do delight in “ rush jobs,” and do “ rush ” them ; all jobs are not in a rush, so by hurrying the first one it usually leads to more work. I back up every statement I make. I have used blotters, circulars and samples of work, but never got any results — not enough to pay. Blotters are overdone, and are short lived. Have no faith in newspapers, for printers ; don’t believe it pays. I do believe in persistent advertising ; in some wa5' that will single you out from the rest of the printers — which will cause your name to be thought of first. These calendars have made me notorious, and have given me a reputa¬ tion for having “ideas of my own”; whether I deserve this or not is neither here nor there, I let ’em think so. I always try and find out how each new customer happened to come my way, and in a great many cases they say, “We have been receiving your calendars, etc.” I have got to learn of a single instance where the calendars have not been kept and read, and I can go in any number of offices today, among my regular trade, and find the calendars being read. I am always introduced as the printer “ that gets up the calendar,” and every day people whom I meet tell me how much they are talked about, and you can readily see how much benefit this is to me in an advertising sense, and must bring results — some time. I employ no solicitor — don’t believe in them — think a persistent all-day¬ long printing solicitor the worst thing that ever happened. I don’t believe that good work and prompt service, properly and persistently advertised, needs a solicitor or price-cutter. I know of nothing better to advertise the business of printing than these calendars, and it would take a great deal to cause me to switch ; and I shall continue to use them so long as I can think or have suggested to me some¬ thing to put in corner, around which to weave a little story. There is no guesswork about this way of advertising. I know it pays, and recommend the scheme to any printer “ up a tree.” I inclose the latest, along with a few others. Must refer to the wideness of the circulation of The Inland Printer, for I have had queries for specimens from all over the United States, Can¬ ada, and even from Scotland. Mr. Haigh well expresses the essentials of good adver¬ tising in his letter. His experience leaves no doubt as to the effectiveness of his methods. He is right, too. The heart of Mr. Haigh’s advertising success has laid in the fact that he told his story in a straightforward way, but he had a sense of novelty and a keen appreciation of human nature that made him put his business proposition in such a fashion as to cause comment and appreciation. I reproduce two samples of Mr. Haigh’s calendars. They are good — the best printer’s advertising that I have seen. One thing will be noticed, also, Mr. Haigh has depended entirely on his advertising. He has had no solicitors — in fact, does not believe in them. Certainly Mr. Haigh has vindicated the gumption of the advertising printer. ^ ^ ^ Printers want to know oftentimes how to go about doing their advertising systematically. They want to advertise, yet they are all at sea. Adam Deist, Phila¬ delphia, Pennsylvania, is one of those men, typically Ameri¬ can, who seem to be able to create success out of the most unpromising prospects. He is the most successful printer in the northwestern part of the city. He is doing some extremely effective advertising. He tells an interesting story of how to advertise judiciously, and throws in a few philosophic remarks characteristic of the man, from what I have seen of his advertising. Mr. Deist says : Wheu I began business March 9, 1886, I kept a record of each customer, and have continued to keep a record of each to the present time. This list has been kept in an index book for what I term a regular mailing list. Another book has been added in 1895, comprising firms who may be possible customers; these are carefully gone over and corrected, and each one receives THE INLAND PRINTER. 685 a copy of whatever we are sending out, which, previous to 1896, has been sent out with 2-cent stamped envelopes, but now are delivered by an “ addressing company,” being a cheaper and equally effective service. I began with little circulars and folders with something catchy, but found these did not pay verj' well. I tried blotters of different kinds, send¬ ing them out monthly, and finalty became convinced that this was the best plan. I generally use two designs which I make up with attractive, catchy, up-to-date reading, and printed in colors; these, with some little novelty, prove our best paying ads. The average cost of this, monthly, is about $60, including delivery. I believe it to be very necessary for a printer to take large doses of his “ own medicine ” for his business. He is continually prescribing for others, and I feel that with the proper use of his “ own medicine,” “ printer’s ink,” he will always reap a result, some things paying better than others. Short, telling, catchy writing, illustrated with a humorous illustration, takes best. Keep yourself constantly in each customer’s mind, attend to your own business and leave your competitor to attend to his. Keep your promises, use good common (horse) sense in your business, and follow the same in all your dealings. Have some one write your ads., if you have not the ability or time to properly give it your attention, and you will find advertising pays. I heartily indorse Mr. Deist’s style of handling his advertising matter. It is important to whom you send your matter and how you send it. Too much stress cannot be placed on that. If you mail it, put it in a 2-cent stamped envelope and seal it. Get up a list of your customers, and then a list of those whom you would like to have. And see that each list gets something every month, for that is the lesson gleaned from the testimony of both Mr. Haigh and Mr. Deist. ^ ^ ^ Periodical advertising has not found much favor with printers, but Mr. Wheatley, speaking for the Trow Direc¬ tory Printing & Bookbinding Company, New York, says : We have advertised in Printer's Inh and have found it to pay in obtain¬ ing customers for fine printing. Mr. Johnson, manager of Printer’s Ink Press, lays all his success to Printer's Ink advertisements and the sending out of samples. Mr. Wheatley says that he believes in the use of cuts for booklets and circulars, and further : We consider advertising an absolute necessity to the printer who wishes to get a reasonable price for fine printing, and to do away with the ridiculous practice of obtaining competitive figures on printing, as is done when buy¬ ing a carload of onions. Mr. Wheatley is right. The cut-price man might “ think on it” a little. S S S I SAID last month I was going to say something about a “ business book ” with which I was much impressed. It happens to be Mr. Deist’s book, hence there is double reason, because it shows what kind of talk has made Mr. Deist successful, and because it is a good ad. in itself. “An Out-of-the-ordinary Printing Shop ” is its title, and it has a sub-title, “ Being a Business Book Wherein will be Found a Business Talk with Business Men who are after Busi¬ ness.” This is the way Mr. Deist starts off : It’s very easy to buy stock and hire a room and hang out your sign as a printer. Anybody with a few hundred dollars may do that. But it takes more than this to produce effective printing. Almost any man can set type. A boy can “ kick ” a press. There are a few who can do both of these things in a fashion to produce the best results. This is bright and snappy — it attracts because it’s lively and clever : There are many printers in this country who will tell you that they can print anything from a blanket sheet to a visiting card. Maybe they can. But how do they do it? There are but two ways — the right and the wrong. Especially is this true of printing. Printing must be errorless or it is spoiled. It can’t be a “ little wrong.” As soon as a printer commences to answer your criticisms with “ That’s only a little wrong,” or, “ That’s but a little mistake — it doesn’t hurt,” look out for him. A printer with any pride never talks so. The printer who has no pride in his work is the printer you do not want He won’t care if he’s a hundred or so short in printing you two or three thousand circulars. He will use $1 red ink when he should use a $2 red. He will save ten pounds on the weight of the paper, or he will pinch the size of the page a little and say nothing about it. Look out for the printer who says a mistake in the job he does for you does not count. If you pay his account of $10 with a check of $9.50, he will roar his objections. That is all true ; there’s knowledge of human nature in that, and here’s something he says he owes to this depart¬ ment of The Inland Printer : But l am a great believer in exclusiveness. I believe a successful man must give his clients what his competitors cannot give them before he can be successful permanently. I make a special study of each client’s wants. But I never experiment on my clients. Further on there occurs this clever bit : Buyers haven’t any sentiment. Business men haven’t any use for failures. The user of printer’s ink should get as much brains with his job as possible — just as he gets thirty-seven inches for a yard if he can. If there were more brains mixed with printer’s ink there would be lots more of printer’s ink used. That’s the theory I’m working on. I never coax a man to give me an order. I never “jolly” him. That kind of custom is short-term custom. Make it today and lose it tomorrow. I Keeping the old custom and making plenty of new is the way bank accounts are permanently enlarged. I have done this by giving my cus¬ tomers my personal attention. I have made a suggestion about the paper — used a cheaper paper, perhaps, that would give a better effect. I have suggested the use of an illustration here or there, and perhaps a change in the wording. My way may have cost the client less — I always try 1o make it so if I can without hurting the pulling power. It may have made it cost more, but the advantage would be apparent. This has gained the confidence of clients. And then he goes on to say that he will take charge of the writing and preparation of advertising matter for his clients. I would strongly advise my readers to send to Adam Deist, 440 West Dauphin street, Philadelphia, Penn¬ sylvania, and ask him for a copy of his booklet. It will amply repay perusal on the part of any printer, big or little. There is another testimonial to the use of advertising, but this printer believes in the solicitor. He says in sub¬ stance that it does not matter how you advertise, the solicitor is a necessity. The Pacific Press Publishing Company, with headquar¬ ters in Oakland, California, and branches in San Francisco, New York and Kansas City, is one of the largest and most successful printing concerns on the Pacific slope. Mr. Curtiss, the superintendent, says in his letter to me: Our advertising in general has been of such a nature that direct results are hard to trace. We have made use of nearly all kinds, and the results during the year 1896 were satisfactory to a certain degree — that is, we had a fine run of business ; but just how much of this was attributable to our advertising and how much came from the direct results of “rustling,” we are unable to tell. We believe, however, that advertising, as a rule, only keeps the printer’s name before the class who use his product, and the “rustling” must inevitably follow if material results are derived. In some lines of business we think the sending out of samples pays well. For instance, we have a department for making counter-check books — the cash sales slips used by drygoods, grocery, and all up-to-date stores — and we have found that the sending out of samples together with a letter, and follow¬ ing these up with other letters, brings good returns. These samples are sent largely to firms in out-of-the-way places which our salesmen do not visit. We have not of late tried this plan on regular lines of printing, such as letter¬ heads, envelopes, etc., so cannot speak from experience in regard to it. We have used blotters, getting out a new one each month, and believe them to be good advertising. But so far as we are able to judge we think the best results have come from some special design — something unlike the ordinary. This is especially true where the advertising matter is to be sent out through the mails, as we believe that the bulk of all advertising sent out in this way is dumped unopened into the waste basket, unless there is about it some novelty, some¬ thing unusual enough to arouse curiosity and merit attention. Advertising for printers is different from any other line of advertising, and requires skilful handling. One of the best advertisements is a good job every time, resulting in a satisfied customer. But some other means must be used in securing new customers, and just what is the very best kind of adver¬ tising to do this is a question which would doubtless receive widely different answers. Some answers which come from actual experience would make “mighty interesting reading.” I am not disposed to agree with Mr. Curtiss’ implied preference for “ rustling,” as he calls it, to the exclusion of that other form of hustling as expressed in an intelligent and clever use of printer’s ink. I have gone over a good 686 THE INLAND PRINTER. deal of the booklet work of Mr. Curtiss’ composing-, and I should say that much of its ineffectiveness would come from the fact that it lacked the sparkle, sincerity and enthusiasm of the true believer in advertising. The fault of Mr. Curtiss’ advertising has been within itself. Not one of principle but of performance. I heartily indorse the special design part of his letter, as Mr. Haigh would also, no doubt, and so would Mr. Deist, from the advertising I have seen of his. Mr. Curtiss very truly says, as all those who speak here, that no amount of advertising can make poor work successful. ^ F1.EMING, Schiller & Carnrick, New York, are prob¬ ably among the foremost printers of unique catalogues, folders, booklets, etc., in this country. Their work has dis¬ tinction and generally conforms to the best principles of typographic art. Mr. Fleming tells me : We attribute what success we have thus far attained as designers and printers chiefly to the work we have done. We believe that the best adver¬ tisement a printer can have is his imprint on a good job. Printing is a busi¬ ness by itself so far as we are concerned ; at the same time we “ take our own medicine” — take it cheerfully and with benefit, sending out from time to time such booklets, cards, etc., as we think fairly represent us, not only in printing and designing, but in the preparation of copy ; for, as is well known here in New York, “we keep a poet”— in other words, we are in touch with the best writer of business literature that we know of, and in estimating on work, we include his services whenever desired. We do NOT quote prices in any of our advertising— partly because it would be impracticable, as it is our ambition not to duplicate any job of importance that goes out of this ofiice, and another reason is that our prices are not high considering the quality of what we furnish, they might appear so unless all the facts were taken into consideration. Another thing, our customers generally are of the class who care more to get what they want than what it costs — a state of mind which we seek of course to cultivate, but which we are extremely careful not to abuse. We have a keen apprecia¬ tion of what The Inland Printer is doing for art in this country. Mr. Fleming, apart from the foregoing, lays a deal of his firm’s success to the fact that they were able to give the customer something out of the ordinary. And it will be noticed that in every case of the success¬ ful printer this uniqueness of service has been the ground¬ work of success. Mr. Haigh shows ideas, cleverness in his calendars ; Mr. Deist in his booklet talks like a man who has ideas, and impresses you with his sincerity. The Trow Printing Company has an advertising specialist, Mr. Wheatley, who attends to their work ; and lastly, Mr. Flem¬ ing bears witness to the value of the method that leaves the customer little or nothing to do with a job, beyond saying what he wants. The blotter and the calendar, in the order named, seem to lead in point of number of users. I have received nearly a thousand blotters during the last month. The calendars that I have received have been monthly in all cases, but that issued by the Times Printing House, Philadelphia, is by far the handsomest. Speaking of their value as advertis¬ ing, Mr. Shirley, the manager, says : We have used several means, but found that a monthly desk calendar sent the first day of each month was the one that gave us the best returns. We change these in style every month. Mr. Shirley is strongly in favor of illustrated advertis¬ ing, and has faith in the imprint as a good advertisement. Certainly the imprint is a good ad., but it is well to remem¬ ber that it is also well to advertise so that you may get the job to put the imprint on. Mr. John T. Palmer, Philadelphia, has become widely known in connection with blotter advertising, and has fathered much clever advertising for himself and his clients. I reproduce the booklet “ Straws,” which he mentions. I know it was very effective. Mr. Palmer, as was said in these columns some months ago, is one of the foremost blot¬ ter printers of the United States. What he says about blotter advertising, it should be borne in mind, is the tes¬ timony of a printer who has used many of them, and has spared no expense to make them the handsomest of the kind. In many instances the blotters have been specially drawn designs, with four, five and six colors and tints. They are not cheap, but they are effective. Mr. Palmer goes into the subject of his advertising very thoroughly, and I am glad to hear from one who can speak with the authority of so much experience. Here is what he says : Being believers in the theory that if our fellow-craftsmen were better posted they would work harder for the education of the consumer of printing and consequently the elevation of our chosen profession, we cheerfully add our mite to the fund of general knowledge. What newspaper ad vertising we have done has been barren of results, and we believe the only way to reach any results from this medium would be by extended, systematic, continuous advertising. We have continuously used our own productions in the shape of blotters, typewritten letters, circulars, booklets, cards, memo-tablets, calendars, etc., with success in about the order named. The medium giving us the best results is the monthly calendar blotter method the longest and most regularly. It is now nearly four years since we commenced sending out these blotters, two in each envelope, frequently with a circular (mostly small size). The typewritten letters are, of course, the imitation ones produced by the patented processes advertised in your journal, all of which we control for this territory, and are the best ad. for this “ process work.” During the past few years of “ hard times ” we have found it necessary to increase our expenditures in this line over any previous years, and for the last three years it has averaged in round numbers something over $1 ,200 per annum, not including solicitors, who are merely walking ads. in these times. Our advertising is all prepared in our own office by our superintendent, Mr. Daniel Baker, who has charge of both the literary and mechanical por¬ tion of the work. We have not felt as yet the necessity of going outside, and can consequently make no comparison. THE INLAND PRINTER. 687 We distribute our advertising- matter by mail and by the circular dis¬ tributing companies, by our own boys, and our solicitor always carries a supply with him. Advertising is a necessity of modern business, as much so as an up-to- date plant, or efficient superintendence. The only question is how to bring the best returns. We know that it pays — in fact, we cannot at the present moment recall but one ad. in the past five years that failed to bring about almost immediate returns, and some ads. that went out more than a year ago are occasionally heard from yet. Our experience is that a printer’s own work (if he does good work) is his best ad., if properly and persistently brought to the attention of his desired- to-be patrons. We seldom send out an ad. that does not bring an order for something similar. In order that you may form a just opinion of our adver¬ tising we send by this mail some samples of what we have sent out. We have issued forty-seven blotters, and the samples are numbered in their proper order. The circulars, etc., are only a small portion of what we have sent out in the past three years, but are about all of which we have samples left. You will notice we particularly solicit the higher grades of work, and that we endeavor to make our stationery as striking as possible by way of advertis¬ ing. The little booklet, “ Straws,” awakened considerable inquiry. The envelope slip, is our last attempt, and has hardly had time to account for itself, having been issued July 1, 1897. The phrase where Mr. Palmer says : “ During- the past few years of ‘ hard times ’ we have found it necessary to increase our expenditures in this line over any previous years,” is not a slip of the pen. There is good business logic in that, and it is tremendously gratifying to have a successful business man vindicate that best judgment of the experts. When business is slack, go after it — adver¬ tise ; when it’s good, advertise to keep it. That is the secret of success through advertising. Mr. Palmer’s advertising is mainly noticeable for the beautiful color effects he has obtained. I am sorry I cannot reproduce some of the blot¬ ters. Really, they are very beautiful examples of artistic color printing. 6^ The item of expense is always a matter of moment to the printer. Mr. Carl Heintzemann, proprietor of the Heintzemann Press, from which I reproduced some speci¬ mens in the July number of The Inland Printer, spends more than any of the printers who have written me. He spent $2,000 last year, but the general average among the metropolitan printers who advertise at all, is about $650 a year. Mr. Heintzemann says : We have found handsome or odd circulars, set up and printed to attract attention and yet be in good taste, our best advertising medium, usually addressing the contents of these to some special trade or class of business men. We spent about $2,000 last year in advertising. We use all kinds of cuts in our advertising, both illustrative and decorative. The advertiser’s eye must be caught by every means, and yet not insulted by ugly, staring decorations, nor wearied by too many illustrations. Yes, we write all our own ads., and some of our customers’. We think that advertising pays, or else we would not continue it. We believe in ever¬ lastingly keeping at it, and find that the average business man is always I wish I could impress my printer friends with the value of the advice about using artistic pictures and decorations. There are so many, many examples of the blacksmith artist in printer’s advertising that I am at a loss sometimes to know how it is possible for such stuff to attract, or even arouse a passing interest. ^ I AM going to hold over until next month several impor¬ tant contributions from some of the “big” printers and many of the smaller fellows. It is not always the big fel¬ lows who can tell how best to advertise, as anyone who has been sitting through this session of our Experience Meeting can see. The big men may not have advertised, but they commenced before competition began, or they had some good luck that gave them a “ pull.” The big men were successes because they had fortune with them ; the men of today must go into the competition of business with a dif¬ ferent feeling. They must let people know they are there, that they have brains, capacity, means and the willingness to meet all comers. They must give the advertiser some¬ thing he has not himself and that the general run of printers cannot give him. He may have all these things, but if he has not gumption enough to let his possible customers know it, he is a failure from the first, and this, I take it, is the heart and soul of this problem of advertising for printers. ^ I WANT the printers to write me about an3’- question that may have arisen in the meeting this month, asking advice or suggestions about any plans they may have. We will bring it up for discussion. I’ll not print the name, if you do not wish me to. ^ oJ? I MUST have everything before the Sth of the month pre¬ ceding the month of issue. Bear that in mind when you are to write me. NOTES AND QUERIES ON ELECTROTYPING AND STEREOTYPING. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from electrotypers, stereotypers and others. Individual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Inquiries will receive prompt attention. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. Rapid Depositing. — A recently patented device for elec¬ tro-depositing consists of a circular tank above which is located a circular carrier to which the cathodes are attached. By means of suitable pulleys and shafting the carrier is rotated in a horizontal plane, thus keeping the cathodes in constant motion. Renewal of Stereotype Metal. — W. B. R., St. Paul, Minnesota, writes: “What process should stereotype metal be put through to fit it for recasting after it has been used a few times ? I have a dispute with a friend who says the metal can be used indefinitely and only needs to be cleaned. I claim it gets too hard and has to be softened in some way.” Answer. — Metal becomes brittle with continu¬ ous casting and should be occasionally softened by the addition of a little pure lead. Electrotypes from Wood Cuts. — B. C., Norwich, Con¬ necticut, writes: “I would be glad to be informed of the best method of making electrotypes from wood blocks. I have tried several ways but do not get the desired results. The use of blacklead and sweet oil has given some satisfac¬ tion, but not what I want.” Answer. — We know of no rea¬ son why you should not obtain satisfactory electrotypes by the usual process. If you will explain in what respect they are inferior we may be able to suggest a remedy for your trouble. Coupling Two Dynamos Together. — A correspondent writes : “I have two small dynamos and one large vat. The vat is large enough for my work, but neither of the dynamos will generate current enough for a vatful of work. Would it be possible to couple the two machines together and thus utilize both on one vat?” Answer. — It would be possible but not economical, as it would be neces¬ sary to provide an ammeter for each machine, also a volt¬ meter and regulator. The cost of the various instruments would be more than the price of a new dynamo. The method of coupling the machines is complicated and could not be described without a diagram. Nickel and Copper Plating. — S. B. M., Maryville, Missouri, writes : “I am anxious to obtain a simple method of nickel-plating, or copper-plating, whichever is easiest. Also give me, if you can, the name of some good treatise on the subject of nickel and copper plating. I also want to tell you how highly I appreciate The Inland Printer. To me it has fixed the standard of printing, elevated my ambitions and aspirations, and revealed to me a thousand phases of the business I never dreamed of before I began 688 THE INLAND PRINTER. the study of its beautiful typographical achievements.” Answer. — Langbein’s “ Electro-Deposition of Metals” is a valuable and exhaustive treatise on the subject. The work is published by H. C. Baird & Co., Philadelphia, and can be obtained through The Inland Printer, Molding Composition. — A correspondent writes: ‘‘I understand that several of the large shops of your city use a wax which they make up themselves that is far superior to beeswax, which I am using and have used for years ; that is the old mixture. If there is any way that you could obtain this composition I would be willing to pay for the recipe.” Answer. — Some of the Chicago electrotypers use a composition which they claim to be superior to beeswax, but decline to make the formula public. The base of the composition is ozokerite. The American Wax and Paper Manufacturing Company, 199 Franklin street. New York, and Charles Craske & Co., of New York, both manufacture for the market a composition which is considered by some electrotypers to be superior to beeswax. As a rule, electro¬ typers are slow to abandon beeswax, and a majority of them still stick to the old material as more reliable and satisfac¬ tory for general work. Rolling Machine Paste. — E. L. M., Scranton, Penn¬ sylvania, writes: “I am offered a position as stereotyper on a paper using a rolling machine instead of beating in by hand. The paste I have used for the hand-brush process is from china clay, barytes and starch. Will this do for the rolling machine, or does it require one of a different com¬ position?” Answer. — The paste generally employed for brush molding is not suitable for the rolling machine, for the reason that it has too little body and is therefore forced through the matrix by the pressure of the roller, making the face rough and uneven. The recipe given by you might possibly answer if the proportion of china clay is large. A better combination is : Starch, pounds ; china clay or bolted whiting, 5 pounds ; white dextrine, pounds ; water, 10 quarts. Cook in a jacketed kettle, allowing the paste to boil several minutes. Valuable information relat¬ ing to the operation of rolling machines may be found in the book on “ Stereotyping,” for sale by The Inland Printer. Type Shortened by Stereotyping.— - J. C. B., New York, writes : “ Will you please let me know through your columns how I can remedy this case : I sent to the stereo¬ typing room a form about 12 by 16 of nonpareil type. After it had been stereotyped we found that the type all over the form, in places, had settled. It was so low we could not get a proof of the places that had settled. Can you inform me where the trouble is, and if nonpareil type can be stereo¬ typed without injury to it?” Answer. — Why type should become shortened by stereotyping is a conundrum which has never been satisfactorily solved, but there is no question as to the fact that it is sometimes so affected. The natural effect of stereotyping is to elongate the type, the heat of the drying press causing it to expand, but this danger may be minimized by observing proper precautions in locking up the form. The same precautions would no doubt be bene¬ ficial to type which shows a tendency to shorten under the influence of heat, but it is probable that no amount of care would save this particular dress of type. The writer, during an experience of many years, has learned that while type from one foundry may be stereotyped thousands of times without perceptible injury, an outfit from another foundry would be ruined in a few days or weeks, although the conditions governing the tests were identical. It is also a fact that type from one foundry will be affected in the manner described by our correspondent, while another make of type will become elongated by continuous stereo¬ typing. The inference from these facts is that different metal formulas are used by different type founders, and that all are not equally suitable for the manufacture of type which is to be stereotyped. It is certainly possible to stereotype from some makes of type without injury, pro¬ vided the forms are not overheated or locked too tight. The writer has stereotyped the same type over two thousand times without producing any change in its height. Of course due care was exercised in locking up the forms, but it is also true that the metal in the type was of superior quality. All type which is to be subjected to the heat inci¬ dent to stereotyping should be surrounded in the chase by soft wooden reglets, preferably pine. The soft wood pro¬ vides a yielding medium which relieves the type from the crushing pressure of expansion. This subject is treated in detail in “ Stereotyping,” which may be obtained from The Inland Printer. LETTER TO THE TYPOTHETAE FROM J. B. RULING. HE following letter was sent to the last meeting of the Chicago Typothetae prior to the session of the United Typothetie of America, at Rochester, September 8, 1896. The subject-matter was deemed of too much impor¬ tance to be considered in the short time intervening, and no publicity was given to it. This is now sent to members of the national body, so that its contents may be fully digested, should it be thought advisable to introduce the suggested amendments at a future annual meeting : Chicago, September 3, 1896. Fred Barnard, Esq., President Chicago Typothetce : My Dear Sir,— I very much reg-ret that official duties in another body will prevent my meeting with you this evening. I wish you a goodly attend¬ ance and a highly enjoyable time. May there be a large delegation to Rochester, and full credit done there to Chicago, the mother of the U. T. A.! Were I with you this evening, I should urge upon the Typothetae the advocacy of a change in the laws of the U. T. A., at the approaching gath¬ ering, which in my judgment seems highly advantageous, if not absolutely necessary. I need not rehearse here the origin of the body, nor what it may have so far accomplished. In the estimation of many it is very far from the potent force it might and should be in the affairs of the craft in this country. We seldom take up a trade paper without seeing mention of some abuse, with the suggestion that the U. T. A. should do something to remedy it. Whether it is a matter of pride to the members that the U. T. A. should exist more or less as a menace ; that many of the local bodies have hardb' one meeting a year, and it is not known if they are alive or not ; that 3'ear after year passes with no considerable addition to the membership ; that no systematic work is done to increase the interest generally ; that even the largest local bodies only occasionally show coherency— I say, if it be a mat¬ ter of pride that these things are so, I have only to infer from the fact that so little is done to alter the conditions. Now, I can hardly think anyone will say, upon reflection, that this is a creditable state of affairs. In fact, there can be no argument to show that it is. On the other hand, you and I and all of us know the difficulties attendant upon progress as our organization stands. While prosecution of the work depends only on the efforts of those who have to make their living by the necessarily close application to our business, it is hardly to be ex¬ pected that progress will be otherwise than slow, and that only cursory attention can be given to abuses. That there are men in our body fully able to cope with every evil condition cannot be denied. That they are willing I should admit, for one, at least. But that they can afford to neglect their own business sufficiently cannot be claimed. Hence, what can be done to speedily remedy affairs as I have noted? In my judgment we should have at least one executive officer who should give his whole time to Typothetae interests. He should be a combined secre¬ tary and treasurer, and have permanent headquarters in one of the larger central cities. With such an official, capable and energetic, ' it may be depended on that one year after his creation we would see the U. T. A. in better condition than after the nine of its present existence. Such a person could travel from point to point, gradually extending the circle, and estab¬ lish local bodies. He could visit cities where interest languishes. He could issue a monthly bulletin of news generally, with a material-for-sale list, etc. He could collect and compile statistics of inestimable value in informing members of the exact status of our business. In short, the right man could be the very factor needed at this time to turn printers to look at themselves, and reflect if they are laboring to a purpose or merely as a pastime. It is safe to say that the trade today is in its throes chiefly because of the lack of experience on the part of employers. How many are there who took from their fathers the business they conduct ? How many are there with a prospect of retiring on a competence and turning their establishment paid for and with a good trade over to their children? THE INLAND PRINTER. 689 There never was a time when we were so beset with difficulties, and when a broader knowledge was needed. To meet the average requirements of cus.- tomers, to deal equitably and peaceably with our employes, to extend judicious credits, and to put ourselves on a basis of perpetuity demands our most acute and patient consideration. There is no trade that receives more general patronage, and none where the iiarticipants should be more highly esteemed in a community, not less for personal worth than for com¬ mercial ability. Granting this, what a wide difference between what is and what ought to be! The trade is in need of reconstruction. There ought to be no mincing of words. Every abuse should be recognized, and every weakness exposed, and we should show ourselves to be no less business men than printers. We should not allow ourselves to become palsied because we know that our trade ought to rank high as any in the commercial world, but does not. Rather we should take up arms and lay about us on every side until we see no more evils to overcome. In all this I think you will substantially agree with me. Now, as the U. T. A. was promoted from Chicago, and if it has not done all it might have done, yet its accomplishments are far from a discredit, it seems to me fitting that the radical change in its conduct I outline should properly be furthered by our local body. I therefore ask you and your asso¬ ciate delegates to consider the necessary changes in the laws, to frame suitable amendments, and to press them vigorously upon our brethren in session at Rochester. Trusting I have not wearied you with this long communication, and with cordial regards to my fellow-members present, I remain, Very truly yours, J. B. Holing, Proprietor Commercial Printing Company. PROOFROOM NOTES AND QUERIES. CONDUCTED BY F. HOKACE TEALL. It is the purpose in this department to allow for a full and satis¬ factory discussion of every matter pertaining to the proofroom and to proofreading. The contributions, suggestions, and queries of those specially interested are cordially invited hereto, and no effort will be spared to make the answers to queries authoritative and the depart¬ ment in general of permanent value. Editorial Paragraphs. — J. M. K., Nashua, Iowa, writes about a matter of personal opinion, as follows : “In our paper editorial paragraphs have been run with star¬ lines separating the subjects until recently. Now one of our editors insists that the asterisks follow every para¬ graph, something after the style of the letters of W. E. Cur¬ tis, in the Chicago Record, that each paragraph makes com¬ plete sense in itself without any relation to the rest, and that no further division is required for the several subjects. One editor thinks extracts from other papers should be set solid and run in a different column from editorial matter, and another says that mixing them in promiscuously is all right. I send marked copies with examples.” Answer. — The paper mentioned contains paragraphs on different sub¬ jects, but does not confine each subject to one paragraph, and the line of stars appears at each break, regardless of change from one subject to another. It seems far prefer¬ able either to run all that is said on one topic without a break-line, or to use a different dividing mark between subjects. Actual practice in this matter and in the other seems to be governed only by personal preference, not by general rules ; but opinions may be firmly fixed in such matters, and the writer of this answer has a fixed opinion that it is much better not to mix promiscuously either dif¬ ferent subjects or different kinds of reading. Antiquated Hyphening. — L. T. W., Boston, Massa¬ chusetts, writes: “In the July number of The Inland Printer, you state that the New- York Tribune uses the hyphen because there was a prevalent belief, at the time of its adoption, that one name must be something simulating one word in form, and that the custom is perpetuated because of a foolish prejudice against change. It seems to me that the Tribune is simply puristic. Omit the hyphen and the paper is the New York Tribune as distinguished from the Old York Tribune. The hyphen is seldom used in this connection to-day, but is it not because there is a tendency, in this age of hurry, to eliminate what may seem to be a superfluity, and not because it is wrong ? ” Answer, — The notion about distinction between “ new ” and “ old ” in such cases is one of Goold Brown’s notions, whether orig¬ inal with him or not is a little uncertain. It never was reasonable, because the words are distinguished by capital¬ izing, and two arbitrary distinguishing marks are not and never were needed. So far as reason is concerned — and it should be altogether — the hyphen is and always was wrong. POSSESSIVES AND ABBREVIATIONS. — A. G. E., Jackson, Mississippi, asks the following questions: “Why place any marks of punctuation at the end of lines of captions and jobs, except to mark some abbreviations and questions ? Examine your pretty card No. 4 on page 309 in the June number and see how ‘ clean ’ it would look if the marks were omitted in the body as they are in the panel. Of course, nothing but looks and newness sanctions this. Your ‘Bath or Baths’ on page 311 makes me ask the ques¬ tion, Why not adopt the uniform system of alwa5's adding the apostrophe and the s to mark the possessive, as do the Century Magazine and Harper's Weekly? In Whitney’s ‘Essentials of English Grammar,’ on page 57, there is a scientific splitting of hairs when he writes ‘ladies’,’ ‘con¬ science’,’ ‘ Charles’s,’ and on page 58, ‘ dress’s ’ and ‘dresses’.’ How is the possessive of the abbreviation of ‘company’ written? In having visiting-cards engraved, we assume the position that the old-time abbreviations ‘Mrs.’ ‘Mr.’ are now words and write them without a period, and so with the abbreviation ‘Co.’” Answer. — Punctuation is too valuable to be discarded altogether. You would be much more reasonable if you preserved the periods with the abbreviations mentioned. We must ask you a question. Do you mean that the magazines named make no distinction between singular and plural ? If you do, another and closer look would convince you that that is not so. Whitney did not “ split hairs.” His distinctions as noted are the every-day common-sense differences made by fixed rules of grammar. The possessive of the abbrevia¬ tion of “company” is written “Co.’s.” Punctuation. — The following letter comes from A. E. Davis, Omaha, Nebraska : “ Had Mr. Watts read the ‘Note on Punctuation’ in j'our May number closely enough to criticise it intelligently, he would have discovered that Mr. Teall did not write it ; and I am convinced that he would have found nothing in it to question. When he saj’s that ‘ Mr. Teall [meaning myself] proceeds upon the theory that sheep alone are carried in double-decked cars ’ he is mis¬ taken. In the tariff referred to the hogs were not to be car¬ ried in such cars, but the sheep could be. Now, because hogs are sometimes shipped in double-decked cars is no reason why we should punctuate the heading in the manner contended for by Mr. Watts in tariffs giving rates only for hogs in single-deck cars. The point intended to be made in the article referred to was that a set rule of punctuation cannot be made and followed if any regard be had to bring¬ ing out an author’s meaning. When we know that the hogs were to be shipped in single-decked cars under the rates provided in the tariff mentioned, and that the same rate applied to shipments of sheep in double-decked cars, the only correct punctuation is that given in the article in the May number — unless, indeed, the wording be changed. I read the proof on this tariff myself, and corrected the punc¬ tuation (the copy was partly reprint) in the manner shown, the title-page and sundry explanatory notes making the meaning of the heading very plain. I find that readers who get a thorough understanding of an author’s meaning have little of the trouble Mr. Watts complains of. Most men will thank a reader for correcting and calling attention to errors, and while I occasionally find a man who wants his copy followed errors and all (and in such cases I do my best to accommodate him), yet most of our patrons, railway officials included, are very glad to have us correct errors in their copy.” 690 THE INLAND PRINTER. :F*XE«.STr Outing TjPotlietae ^^T’CTEDA.T, July31^1897. BeDGLrli fjouse, GFJfinD ISLrpnD. OF Buffalo. IMA. FAKE, . I prog; Jier&e^fh. Safeer, MANAger TYPE FOUNDRY— <^11 serfs of Serfs, ^e f.eukle le ku^ • aulher and Cen>..al g<,>d/M Give me A call ^KO§«AMMB ‘ all eTents are tree Cor all. frQsh-Air .FRINTEE.. Bottled E/eC/riC!TV alwavi on J. S. WILSON, printing ‘n]^ And .M<'xEdS.'i5:?S =with Co. '§nlU It’s e e^IsB 0^y vS^er, v5e get left. c^et^J’ Qt. i ^ EasTT Mark ^eggajs, eontractois and othess India- truss promptly I^eliered. p. a "Bood THIHG" no hng»r- PAT raeo. Baker, Floyd, Chamberlin, Peter Paul, Stern and ot thin race. i|i89tsi Pshaw Ipriniwa en ^.rlh. S MOTTO ^yfe race. ^oap 6u66fe matofi. -Bmerlcan'p^lnuV^? siissis Ql^ISegldlt § Bkfcljee, N’O IPJL'Y", n^o cTrss,E Take D. & F. PaTeNt S Pop-SSriniCiag race. ^Hdf 1^^^‘^^l-tor them all. AGRnewceDGemsnTs. Dealers In iaicd- zoaie. ■ SpeClaL Prices >o those "ho believe Ih ^HiS space 1*0] to anyone who can ra/sd the WIND. 1 -^PiBKS ^ indprmjing. S HENRY L. Fip®tM©ii? ©f |. i. Ilaintoliii! PAtient PRinter. m REPRODUCTION OF PROGRAMME RECENTLY ISSUED BY THE TYPOTHETdE, BUFFALO, NEW YORK. THE INLAND PRINTER. 691 FIRST ANNUAL OUTING OF THE TYPOTHETAE OF BUFFALO. On the afternoon of Saturday, July 31, the members of the Typothetae of Buffalo and their friends boarded the yacht Silver Spray, bound for Grand Island, and on the way down the river were given an insight into the pleasures in store for them on arrival at their destination by the distri¬ bution of unique programmes, a reduced facsimile of one of which may be viewed on the opposite page hereto. On reaching Grand Island and the Bedell House, the members gathered on the lawn in front of the hotel and the games were started at once. The course marked out for the fat men’s race was from a little tintype factory near the river bank across the lawn to a willow tree and back again, but when the race was called its promoters found themselves confronted with a peculiar condition. There were no fat men in the party. The obstacle was a small one, however, and easily over¬ come. The spectators were told that if they would be kind enough to imagine the men were fat that it would be just the same. The race was won in a Garrison finish by Hugo Wittman. Robert Hausauer had it well in hand, but his feet went out from under him in a mud puddle near the goal, and he fell in a heap. Fortunately he was not injured, but he was thickly plastered from his head to his feet with a sticky coating of Grand Island mud. The contestants in the thin men’s race put up a joke on the judges, but owing to a misunderstanding it fell through. Their idea was to run part way and then find seats in ham¬ mocks on the lawn. They did so with the exception of W. M. McMullen, who ran like a frightened deer and fin¬ ished with the other contestants laughing at him from a distance. Those who took part in the type race took several letters with the understanding that the prize should go to the first one to arrange them into any word or words. J. S. Hubbard won. The words he fashioned were “ this is pie.” The prize in the cap case contest was to be awarded to the one who laid the case correctly according to the ” American Printer.” Carl Ward was the winner. He was correct in 28 out of the 98 characters. Another event which created lots of fun was the pop drinking contest. W. M. Baer finished his bottle first with George E. Matthews a hot second. A. B. Floyd was the last to reach the bottom of a bottle, and as a penalty he was obliged to pay for what the others consumed. Shoe races are funmakers every time, and yesterday’s event was no exception. Hugo Wittman managed to get his shoes laced first after no end of scrambling, and he was proclaimed the winner. The other contests were equally interesting. The prizes, which consisted of a tin locomotive, a tin watch and chain. E. Matthews, Fred M. Burke, Fred De Coursey, Ottomar Reinecke, Henry L. Hart, J. S. Hubbard, Charles E. Wen- borne, Frank W. Turner, J. M. Evans, W. N. McMullen, W. H. Wright, Jr., Robert Hausauer, Herbert L. Baker, John S. Wilson, George R. Jones, A. B. Floyd, A. C. Van- duzee, J. P. Mehrhoff, Robert Bowman, F. Wells, William Wilhelm, A. R. Koehler, Howard Ramalay, Hugo Witt¬ man, C. L. Ward, and others. REVIEW OF TYPE SPECIMENS. BY R. COUPLAND HARDING. From Wilhelm Gronau, Berlin, I have an interesting packet, including a few designs sent on a former occa¬ sion, and noted in these pages. Of the job faces, one original production of the house, ‘‘ Samoa,” is new to me. It is a freehand style, modeled on roman, without lower case, and like the ” Reclame-Cursiv ” of the same house, and other late German faces, has the ends of the body- marks notched. A peculiarity of this face is the number of MA5K€N-^Ali SAMOA. ligatures. In the specimen sheet I note CH, CK, LL, PR, ST, TT, and there are two forms of E — round and square. It is shown in four sizes, 24 to 48 point. A new combina¬ tion border, “German Renaissance,” contains twenty char¬ acters, and is adapted for one, two or three colors. Of the many borders of this class produced by German houses this is one of the most unobtrusive; it is very chaste and artistic in design, and in the sheets where it is displayed in actual use is exceedingly pleasing to the eye. The new “ Ranken ” border, for one and two colors, 24-point, closely resembles a design already very popular. Borders by Shel¬ ter & Giesecke and by Woellmer are so similar that a single description would apply to all. All are excellent, and the RANKBN BORDER. question of precedence in designs of this kind does not trouble the printer. Each border, too, has its own features, which can be seen on comparison. The same design is shown on 12-point body. To quite a different class belongs the “Universal” border, of twenty-five characters, mostly on 24-point. It is noteworthy, as it is designed on a clearly defined plan. With the exception of the palm-leaf CHARACTERS OF “UNIVERSAL” BORDI a squaw ker, jumping jack, a wooden cigar, a pair of doll shoes and a puzzle, were given to the winners with due solemnity while the party was at supper. Among those at the table were Frank W. Heath, H. C. Spendelow, D. B. Driscoll, Fred M. Greene, A. T. Brown, W. M. Baer, George M. Hausauer, J. S. Chamberlin, George characters (2779-81) there is not only no attempt to join up, but the pieces are specially designed to stand apart. The printer who uses heavy designs and silhouette effects must often have been afflicted by the pieces working off their feet. I have known cases where, with new type, and the most careful justification, it has been impossible to disguise 692 THE INLAND PRINTER. the junctions. When the type has become a little worn the rounded edges emphasize the defect. Some of the “ Zeitung ” borders in German periodicals, after a few years’ wear and tear, are deplorable examples in this respect. Where such borders are required, the new series will meet with a cordial welcome, and it will probably set a fashion. Heavy borders of detached ornaments, of course, are not new, but the novelty of this particular example does not need to be pointed out to anyone familiar with modern specimen books. A fine combination of running borders and ground- tints, 6 to 36 point, has no distinctive name, but is num¬ bered from 2671 to 2739. Some of the characters may be used either separately or in register for chromatic work. The double sheet on which this elaborate combination is displayed is a marvel of patient and harmonious composi¬ tion, as well as of the highest class of color printing. Lastly, I note a page of ornaments, crescent rules, knots and ties in ribbons, etc., with an ingenious cord and tassel series of nineteen characters, some of which I show. The seal can be varied, the printing emblem shown being one of No. 19. No. 21. No. 20. No. IS No. 25. eight interchangeable designs. There is also a round solid tint-piece for working over the seal in colored ink. In a specimen card the founder has his own monogram embossed on the seal, and the tint-piece worked upon it in vermilion gives it a rnost realistic appearance. Greatljr as cords are used in ornament, they have never been well worked out in typography. The present is one of the best attempts yet made, though its range is limited. Now, however, this kind of ornament is a little out of vogue. The realistic designs of ten or twelve years ago are giving place to a broader, bolder and more impressionist style of art. The American Type Founders’ Company show some more good faces in the mediaeval style. The “Satanick” is a round gothic, broader in set and generally more open in appearance than the “ Bradley,” approximating to what the Germans call “ Schwabacher.” It is in thirteen sizes, 6 to 72 point. The ornaments and decorations lately shown with the Jenson harmonize well with this letter, which will prove a success, though its name is in questionable taste and supplies another argument for the necessity of revision of typographic nomenclature. The “Jenson Italic ” is shown in six sizes, but fourteen are announced. It is a natural sequel to the Jenson, but for obvious reasons will not be so greatly in demand. The characteristics of the old italics have been ably imitated by the designer, who has wisely adapted the face to modern taste. Most of the early italic faces have a mean appearance to the reader of today, espe¬ cially those which had no caps of their own, and in which roman caps, shorter than the ascending letters, were used. It is a singular fact that the old practice, once universal, of using upright capitals with sloping minims, still survives to a considerable extent in Greek faces. Fractions to the De Vinne, and new fonts of that face, on 5 and 7 point, are also shown by the Type Founders’ Company. Just as with the “St. John ” and “Bradley,” when two or three similar rival faces came almost simultaneously into the field, so is it with the “ Tell Text ” by Barnhart Bros. & Spindler. This is first cousin to the “ Satanick ” — another English Schwabacher with gothic initials. It is lighter and more open than its rival, and is a fine example of type engraving. That, notwithstanding the variations, the rival engravers had before them a common model, seems clear. The S, for example, is not a usual form, and the correspon¬ dence of this letter in the two faces is very close. Six sizes are shown at present — 6 to 24 point. I note that the firm has added a 48-point to its beautiful series of Plate Script. American printers will have no lack of beautiful initials for bookwork. I have noted several fine series of late, and now three series in three sizes, nine in all, are shown by A. D. Farmer & Co., under the name of “ Augsburg ” initials. They are drawn by C. W. Heergeist, Philadelphia, and adapted from designs by Erhard Ratdolt, a fifteenth century artist. I am not acquainted with Ratdolt’s work, but he has already been laid under contribution by the Inland Foundry. The initials are in three styles, all inclosed in rectangular lines : first, a solid gothic, with open strapwork back¬ ground ; second, a white roman, with white foliage in back¬ ground on solid ground ; and third, a somewhat formal but effective Old English, white, with white decorations on black ground. All these are cast on 48-point, 72-point and 96-point, respectively. The same firm has supplemented its Mazarin by a “Mazarin Italic,” 8 to 48 point, correspond¬ ing with the roman. On the subject of initials, I cannot refrain from specially remarking the beautiful designs by Mr. F. W. Goudy, of Chicago, shown on page 78 of your October, 1896, issue. Although personally I am never likely to invest in them, I would like, for the sake of the craft in general, and printers who do high-class bookwork, to see the two series com¬ pleted. With very little trouble the two-color initials could be adapted for three — in fact, any printer with a stereo apparatus could do it himself. The letters, even in unre¬ lieved black, must strike the eye of every reader of The Inland Printer. Skillfully worked in colgr, they would be superb. THE INLAND PRINTER. 693 The “ Lotus ” face, by Mr. Teall, shown by you on page 87, same number, is one of those “art” eccentricities in which the practical basis of type design is overlooked. Only six letters are shown, and some are tolerable ; but the rule on which they are formed is too narrow to admit the variety necessary for legibility. It should be a fundamental canon with designers that each character standing alone should be recognizable. The old “Geometries” failed to fulfill this condition and straightway went out of use, though thousands of dollars were sunk in their production, and printers bought them freely for a time on account of the neat and uniform appearance they presented on the printed page. “Lotus” has the defect of the “ Geometric ” in an aggravated form. From the order in which the signs appear, I take the second to represent B and the fourth D. But without their neighbors no one would suppose that they represented letters at all. The B would do duty equally well or badly for 8, and the D for O or 0. NOTES ON JOB COMPOSITION. Under this head will appear, each month, suggestive comment on the composition of jobwork, advertisements, etc. Specimens for this department must be clearly printed in black ink on white paper, and mailed to this office, flat, marked plainly, “RALPH.” Elmer C. Gross, Boston, Massachusetts. — The plan of the Fischer Brothers’ card is all right. W. E. Brown, with the Magnet Art Printery, Marine City, Michigan. — Your large assortment of blotters have a neat and tasty appearance. S. S. Lesslie, New Orleans, Louisiana. — The large num¬ ber of business cards submitted by you, with the exception of too much border and rulework on some of the cards, are excellent and show proper treatment. Jay Crawford, foreman. Sentinel, Shenandoah, Iowa. — The blotter top for note- head tablets is very neat and tasty, but we think it would have been just as well to have omitted the rules underscoring the reading matter lines. Kenney & Harrison, Canton, Illinois, in a neat and artistic folder, announce to their patrons the removal of their office from 49 East Chestnut street to 119 North Main street. The blotter is very neat and attractive also. Charles M. Morris, Olathe, Kansas. — The title-page, “What Do You Think?” is very good and quite artistic. The best specimens submitted are : Note-head of “ Hotel Olathe,” envelope of Scott & Scott, card of F. D. Ekengren and your blotter. Claude R. Miller, recording secretary Denver Typo¬ graphical Union, No. 49, Denver, Colorado. — The two bro¬ chures gotten up by you are very artistic and evidence proper treatment in all respects. “ An Old Rhyme ” is, we believe, original. It is very unique. George L. Reynolds, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. — The only suggestion we can offer you on your card of the Pitts¬ burg Dry Goods Company is to move the words “ Importers and Jobbers ” underneath the firm name, spell out the word “and.” Use lower-case of the 8-point Jenson for “ Import¬ ers and Jobbers.” Russell Thompson, foreman Herald, Boulder, Colorado. We are always pleased to know that this department is a help to anyone, and thank you for your kind words. Your work is all of a superior quality, and shows conclusively that you know how to do a nice artistic piece of composi¬ tion. Your presswork is excellent. D. C. Tonsberg and Herman Hammerback, West Superior, Wisconsin. — Both card and letter-head are neat and tasty in composition, and the presswork is all that could Ipe desired. We wish to call your attention to the whiting out on the letter-head. The space between the lines is not correct. It should have been evenly spaced, or, rather, leaded. F. C. Hall, Catskill, New York. — The work of Mr. Harry Morris, which you send for review, is very credit¬ able indeed, and shows beyond doubt that he is a skillful compositor, with original ideas. While the type faces are not all of the latest cut, yet he makes the best possible use of what he has to do with. Design, balance and finish all good. As regards the Recorder, it is a neat country paper, and has a healthy appearance from a business point of view. The composition on the advertisements is first-class, and up to date. Typographically, it is neat and clean. The columns are filled with fresh, crisp news from sur¬ rounding towns ; there are departments calculated to inter¬ est every member of the family ; editorials on timely topics. In short, it is a newspaper for the farmer’s home, as well as those who live in town. This newspaper is over one hun¬ dred years old — one hundred and five, in round numbers. It was established August 6, 1792, by Mackay Croswell, who worked at the case with Ben Franklin, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The paper was started under the name of Catskill Packet, which was a small three-column folio. Mr. Hall, the editor and manager, furnished us with a copy of the first issue, of which we reproduce the first page. No. 1. It has grown, until now it is an eight-page seven-column newspaper, and one to be proud of. In all these years there has been no interruption in its publication, and never an issue failed of publication. In 1804 the name was changed from Catskill Packet to the Recorder. Typographically, with the exception of the heading, which we would have plain, there is no need to suggest improvement, because it is 694 THE INLAND PRINTER. neatness itself. Editorially, we can make no sug-gestions, simply because we are not in touch with the needs of the Recorder' s readers. The subscription books will have to be your guide in this case. But from a very careful perusal of the reading matter, we are led to say candidly that we think the home would be hard to suit which was not pleased with the weekly visits of the Recorder. Lewis J. Hewitt, foreman Advance Press, North Adams, Massachusetts.— The advertisement of the Advance Press, which appeared in the class book of Williams College, was an excellent piece of composition as regards plan, but had you adhered strictly to Bradley for all the matter outside of the panel, it would have been better. From the New Era Press, Springfield, Ohio, comes a very neat, artistic pamphlet, advertising the new publication How to Grow Flowers. It is in two printings — claret bronze and an art green, the half-tones being in claret and the type in green. It is an artistic piece of work and reflects credit on those having the work in charge. S. N. Kemp, Los Angeles, California. — We are pleased to note that you received the necessary information in the July issue. The only serious error we see in the card of “ Pacific Transfer Company ” is the arrangement of the telephone matter and the wording relating to trunks. The stair-step plan is not good. Balance the two lines “ Trunks Delivered ” and “ 25 Cents Each.” Otherwise the job is all right. R. A. Harris, McMinnville, Oregon. — The two letter¬ heads, also the advertisements, are neat and show good judgment, but we do not approve the plan of the Miller Brothers’ letter-head. The plan of running “ dealers in ” at the left-hand side of “Wool and Hops” makes it rather one-sided. Had you placed “dealers in” above “Wool and Hops ” and done away with the pointer, you would have had a better job. R. H. Sprague, Elyria, Ohio. — Your work shows a decided improvement, your office stationery being neat and artistic in design but not good as to type. The Tudor Black is the type you should have employed for every line. The plan is all right and the colors good, but the next time you print it set it all in Tudor and see the difference. The reason for this is that Florentine in 12-point size is too light to print over a strong tint. Roy R. Freeman, Lincoln, Illinois. — The letter-head of the Oakland Herd has quite a number of faults. The words “Oakland Herd” should have been in the same type as “ Aberdeen- Angus the ornaments on sides of word “of” should have been omitted. The bent rule around the words “Oakland Herd” is very bad. Don’t do this. In all other respects this was a good piece of work and you handled a great deal of matter to good advantage. Clark E. Beckwith, Ithaca, Michigan. — The ornament in the upper right-hand corner of the John P. Dale note- head is out of place. The address is much too prominent. The Shults bill-head is very good with the exception of unsuitable, as well as too large, type for the street address. Grant does not make a good address line in stationery work. These may seem small things to you, but they form a very important factor in making up a good job. L. T. Rogers, Hillsboro, Texas. — The note-head which you set from the reprint card shows that you know how to do good, tasteful composition. It is far superior to the copy. The note-head of Mr. Bradley is not good. The combination of type faces is not harmonious, and the selec¬ tion of colors is not pleasing. Too much red on it by half. In the Robey note-head the arrangement is too much on the pyramid style. It is extremely difficult to get good results on this plan. Then, too, the words “all kinds of” are entirely too large ; this should have been grouped with the words “dealers in” and the wording in the last line should have been grouped. This would have helped your heading. Hirsch Printing Co., Cleveland, Ohio. — Your emblem design for Order Knights of Joseph is excellent. The Peck & Flick card is very good. In some of your work there is a fault which you should shun, and that is the use of too many faces of type. In the Bernstein price list, first page, we see six different faces. This is, at least, three too many. As a whole, your work is neat, and we point out this one fault that you may plainly see it. Frank D. Anderson, with the Nonpareil, Council Bluffs, Iowa. — Your newspaper ads. are excellent. They are witnesses that you use your head as well as your hands. One ad. in particular, which shows good judgment, is that of Mr. Potter. It was a 10-inch double column ad. inclosed in a border. Four picas of white was allowed all around. It mattered little where that ad. appeared in the Nonpareil, it was sure to be seen. It is impossible to hide such ads. W. B. Kreigbaum, with The Mennonite Publishing Company, Elkhart, Indiana. — The little booklet, “ On Our Own Merits,” setting forth the merits of your firm, is excel¬ lent, and reflects much credit on yourself as compositor, also on the pressman. The second page of the folder adver¬ tising the Family Almanac is very faulty, made so, almost entirely, by a very injudicious use of border. This is a bad plan. White space is too valuable to take it up in such a manner. Henry Anger, Oshkosh, Wisconsin.— The original plan of cover, as you state it, was decidedly the best, from an artistic point of view. But we take exceptions to the 8-point Jenson caps, for the name of the opera house ; they were not quite large enough. Otherwise, it would have been excel¬ lent as originally designed. It was a rush job and you made good time on it. The ads. tell the story of a rush, but they show that a good man set them. The cover for your samples is a very artistic piece of work. H. J. Higgins, Millbrook, New York. — The greatest trouble you had in making a clear impression of the Chris¬ tian Endeavor folder was that you did not give it sufficient impression. It takes more impression for antique stock than any other. Bronze-blue ink is hard to work in cold or cool weather, and much more so in hot, damp weather. As to the composition, the worst feature is too many faces of type. Had you stuck to Bradley all the way through, you would have had a very artistic job. Place the pastor’s name in one line and immediately underneath it the word “ pastor.” Carlton K. Smeed, with D. H. Arnold, Three Rivers, Michigan. — There was evidently a faulty make-ready on the half-tones of the “ Blue Racer” job, also a very inferior ink for that purpose. It is not necessary to pay ®5 per pound for half-tone ink, and there is such a thing as working the ink too stiff. Was not the ink old ? It has that appearance, or else it was left uncovered and dirt allowed to collect on it. It is a good plan to keep inks covered over with reducer or paraffin oil. It will pay you to do this, because you will save more ink and have less vexations. Your composition shows improvement. Hugh A. Lorentz, manager the Lorentz Press, Buck- hannon. West Virginia. — One great fault in the construction of the Farm Supply Company’s letter-head is that the type employed between the cuts is too large, and of such a char¬ acter that it has a “flat” appearance. It is impossible to better the plan of the job, and the only thing to do with it is to relieve its monotony. The other samples are neat and attractive, especially the artistic programme cover page and the Boreman & Hooker card. But you made an error on the latter job, because you used too heavy-faced type for THE INLAND PRINTER. 695 this class of work. An undertaker’s card should be set on a very modest plan and light-faced type should have been employed. Joseph McIndoe Roseweir, 1 Orchard street, Kilmar¬ nock, Scotland. — There is too much elaboration evidenced in your specimen. No. 2. The rule in church work should be simplicity and not complicated rulework, fancy bits of border and the like. We have set a contrast example, in order to give you our views on the subject. Now, you have the Tudor Black Text and we have employed it for the type portion of the job, because it is appropriate. The mural ornament, which you see in the No. 3 example, can be changed. No doubt you have some ornament which would be more appropriate to the theme. Now, there is another point about your job, and that is that you have employed five different faces of type in its construction. Bad plan to use so many. No. 3 can be set in less than half the time consumed in the No. 2 example. A. L. ScoviLLE, Ogden, Utah. — Your best three speci¬ mens are : The card of Carr Brothers, which would have been very artistic had Jenson been the type employed for the important wording; the envelope of D. G. McGinley & Co., and the card “Class Exhibition.’’ You would have had a better letter-head of the “ Farmers’ Commercial Manufactur¬ ing and Produce Company,’’ had you left out the Jenson ornaments and moved “ and Produce Company ’’ over in the center of line. Take out all the ornaments in the next sec¬ tion and set the matter in 10 or 12 point Jenson caps, on the square plan, making both lines flush by the use of Jenson ornaments of the same point. F. A. Brinkman, Lehighton, Pennsylvania. — Your note- head could be much improved by omitting the border around the corner card. Don’t use it. It makes the work look too amateurish. The bent-rule work on your bill-head does not help it any, and the ornaments are not suitable and should be left off. The plan of the heading is excellent, but take off the bent rules and ornaments at the right side. Substi¬ tute two parallel rules for the bent ones, and let them extend to the end of the word “ Printing.’’ Then you will have a very good job. The bill-head of I. S. Koch is very nice, but you used too large type for “ Bought of.’’ Substi¬ tute 10-point, and move the entire line over so that “I. S. Koch ’’ will come in the center of the measure. R. H. Miles, Stuart, Iowa. — You deserve much credit for the very neat work on the pamphlet of the Guthrie County Institute. It contains 58 pages, each page being bordered with 6-point Flame border. The only two instances where we suggest improvement is on page 40, where the arrange¬ ment of the faculty is very commonplace and scattered, and also the matter should have been placed in the center of the border at top and bottom. Initial letters of Tudor Black would have improved the appearance of the reading matter pages and served to dress it up. The ads. are excellent. The other work is very neat with the exception of letter¬ head of Ed O’Neill. The word “ manufacturer ’’ is entirely too large, and the word “ Cigars ’’ too small to make an effective heading on this plan. Edward R. Gardner, Atlantic, Iowa. — As a rule your work is artistic, well finished and properly balanced. But we see things in your samples that you should not do. The Jones letter-head would have been first-class had you omitted the ornaments under the words “and twine,’’ and increased the size of type in these words to 18 point and then dropped the entire wording on this side of the heading down a pica. The rulework on the note-head of C. Thurman is obnoxious, also a time-killer. The statement of Hodgson & Middaugh is also a taker of profits, a source of annoyance to everyone who has anything to do with it, and an ineffectual piece of printing. Do not set slanting lines on jobs and fill in with rulework. It does not pay. You ruined an excellent card job by not using the same type all the way through. That one line of Bradley did the business. W. A. Bradb'ord, Coffeyville, Kansas. — Your commercial work is very neat, well balanced and finished ; but you are rather weak on cover designs. While the cover of the Service for the IReign of (Slueen Dictoria ^ ^ ^ XalQb Ikirft, Tkilmarnock, Sun* bai? forenoon, June 20tb, 1897. No. 3. “ Declamation Contest ” is neat, it is not exactly up to date. Sylvan Text for the entire wording would have been all right with a different arrangement. The wording was. 696 THE INLAND PRINTER. “Sixth Annual Inter-Society Declamation Contest, College of Emporia, Austin Chapel, Sunday Evening, May 4, 1895.” Now group the wording, in 18-point Sylvan, on the square plan, “Sixth Annual Inter-Society Declamation Contest”; then in 12-point set “College of”; underneath, in the same type, place “Emporia,” flush with the word “College,” and square it with the word “of” by using Sylvan orna¬ ments. Then in a square panel at the bottom place all the rest of the wording, on the inscription plan. H. W. Dockham, foreman Enterprise, Portersville, Cali¬ fornia. — ^The only serious fault in the W. M. Joy bill-head is the injudicious whiting out, or, rather, leading. You have not allowed sufficient space for the blank lines. What you should have done is this : moved “ Terms Cash ” over to the right, past the panel, moved the panel down about 12 points, thus giving the desired space between the blank lines. It would have been better had you employed 14-point type for the words “ Blacksmith and Wagonmaker.” This seems to be an error not confined to your work alone, but common to that of many others, and we therefore reproduce the heading, partly to show this error and because the plan points of view. This job has one bad feature in the com¬ position. The words “Maryville District” should have been set in 12-point De Vinne caps — 14-point would have been a better size, but we presume you did not have it. Now, do not use so much border, especially on your note-heads and envelopes. The plan of composition on nearly all jobs is good. Lytton Alley, Nashville, Tennessee. — In regard to doing away with curved lines altogether, we did mean it. We never make use of them unless it is by explicit orders from the customer, and then we always try to persuade him that it is very ancient, and makes his work have a very old- fashioned appearance. Curved lines are nothing short of an aggravating nuisance to the compositor, the stoneman. and the pressman. The Cheek & Norton receipt is neat and tasty, but you make a mistake in not properly whiting out the job. There is more space than necessary at the bottom and too little at the top. These may appear small things to you, but they go a long ways toward making a good job. The letter-head of the “ Gospel Advocate Pub¬ lishing Company” is too fancy. The use of the initial is 18f . Porterville, California, Terms Cash. . >\W. M. Joy, Blacksmith and Wagon=maker. . ® ® » is a most excellent one. See No. 4. The McFarland bill¬ head is also good. The other two jobs have decidedly too much border employed in conjunction with the type to be good. W. W. Whetstone, with the Republican, Cherryvale, Kansas. — Yes, your specimens show up-to-date treatment, but as to originality, we cannot say that they evidence that quality. Now, your work is neat and nice. It has some faults, too. We have repeatedly stated in this department that it was a mistake to make the firm name, in stationery work, subordinate to the business engaged in. The firm name is the important thing, and the business engaged in next in prominence. Your “ professional” stationery com¬ position is nothing short of perfect, and we are sure you can attain the same degree of proficiency in your other commer¬ cial work. The only example of original treatment in your samples is the programme of the Cherryvale High School ; but the use of too large type for the programme proper, and too small, or, rather, too light-faced type for the heading has spoiled it. Fred E. Bryant, Burlington Junction, Missouri. — Your stationery work has too much ornamentation. It is neat work, but entirely too fancy, and you employ too many contrasting colors of ink on your color jobs. Now, the note-head of the Post is in four printings, and you could have obtained better results from two colors, even red and black, without the use of so much border. Both of your firm note-heads have this same fault. The name “John H. Bryant” on the heading, set in gothic, is much too large. The letter-head of the Maryville District Camp Meeting Association is the best specimen in the collection from all all right and in good taste, but the type used in conjunction is entirely too light. The wave border is out of place and the matter set in the panel is too large. The advertisement, “Voice of Praise,” is excellent. Your work is improving. Keep on studying and strive to better it. You cannot expect to excel at once. Will Leatzow, foreman Job Department, Democrat, Madison, Wisconsin. — The menu of the Pi Beta Phi fra¬ ternity is neat and artistic, but you could have made it more so by a very slight difference in the arrangement of the title-page, the wording of which was as follows : “ Conven¬ tion Banquet of the Pi Beta Phi Fraternity, Madison, Wis¬ consin, July 9, 1897.” It is mostly a matter of breaking up the wording. Bradley was the type employed. “ Conven¬ tion Banquet ” should remain in one line as it is, “ of the ” should be in 10-point Bradley, and not in Inclined Gothic. “Pi Beta Phi” should be in one line in the center of the measure, and the word “Fraternity” immediately under¬ neath it, flush with the word “ Pi,” and the line made flush with the word “ Phi,” by the use of an ornament or two, such as were used after the word “Banquet.” The rest of the matter could remain as it is. The Jenson ornaments would balance the catch line “of the” and the last line would balance the first one. Try it on this plan and see if we are not correct. It will pay you to set it for practice and will demonstrate a very elusive and important element in the construction of such pages. J. M. Keller, Nashua, Iowa. — As a whole, your work is very neat, but we cannot approve the plan of the H. J. Eck¬ stein note-head. In the first place, the arrangement of the line “dealer in” is bad, and the pointer after the word THE INLAND PRINTER. 697 “in” gives the line undue prominence. Then the word “Meats,” stair-stepped, produces an effect upon the eye which is not at all pleasing. The thing to do with this heading is to take away the pointer, move the words imme¬ diately underneath the name ; do away with the stair-step arrangement and move the word “Meats” up in the center of the line immediately under “ dealer in,” then put “ Fresh and Salted” underneath the word “Meats,” placing the first two words in one line and the third word directly underneath. We would advise placing the words “ Poultry and Oysters in Season” in the upper right-hand corner. You can place the wording “ The New Reliable ” wherever it will look best, but we would suggest that it be placed in the center of line under the word “Meats.” The trouble with the Nashua Creamery Association heading is the use of too much rule and the slanting of the main line. This plan is a profit-killer, and, besides, does not add to, but rather detracts from, the appearance of the heading. R. E. W., Chicago, Illinois. — The plan of the Woolley label is first-class, but there is too much sameness to it. “Fine Merchant Tailoring” is too large. “Fine Rubber Tissue” is the important thing. “Half Pound ” is a trifle weak. There is another feature which we would not advise you to make a practice of, and that is the combining of light and heavy faced type in the same line. Now, in the line “Chicago, Illinois,” you use heavy caps “C” and “I,” in conjunction with a letter of hair-line proportions. This plan always makes your work have a spotted appearance. We would also advise you to omit the braces at the side of the panel containing the words “ Keep in a Cool Place.” As to the border, it would have “ dressed ” your label up had you used it as you speak of. In regard to a color scheme, we would advise you to work the prominent portion in red, also the matter in the panel. Now, the reduction in the size of the line “Fine Merchant Tailoring” will leave more room. You could utilize this space to good advantage by inserting a small ornament of simple design between, or rather above, this line and working it in red also. We shall be pleased to review your work at any time, and are con¬ vinced that you are deserving of a larger assortment of material from which to choose. W. C. Peck, Los Angeles, California. — We are certainly gratified to learn that you have received so much assistance from this department. It is the sole aim to teach correct methods and lend a helping hand to all who seek same. Your work, even though it is that of an apprentice, would be very creditable indeed to many men who have spent years at the trade. The samples give abundant evidence of improvement, both in point of design, balance, finish and correct whiting out. We notice a contract blank in your samples on which you can easily improve. It is that of E. H. Woodman. In the panel where you have used the Laurel border so profusely, you made a great mistake in using it at all to fill out the lower half of the panel. The proper thing would have been to employ some simple, moderately heavy ornament and place same in the center of the blank space. Take out the border and follow sugges¬ tion. You will at once see the difference. Now, should you have this job distributed, take a printed copy, get a proof of some ornament on a piece of white paper, large enough to cover the space inside the panel, and simply lay it over the design as you now have it, and note the result. Study moderately hard. You are on the foundation prin¬ ciples of good work. Avoid injudicious ornamentation. B. S. McKiddy, Princeton, Missouri. — We wish to call your attention to a little matter in type display, which we believe you have overlooked. We refer in this case to the cover for Princeton Lodge. It reads “ By-Laws of Prince¬ ton Lodge, No. 63, 1. O. O. F., Princeton, Missouri.” Now, the proper way to get a good forceful display in jobs like this is to group the wording. In this cover we would have set, in some suitable type, the words “ By-Laws of Princeton Lodge, No. 63, I. O. O. F.,” and grouped it on the square plan. Then we would have placed a suit¬ able ornament after it, in a line by itself. Following this we would have placed the words “Princeton, Missouri.” If necessary, and in fact it would be rather better, to give plenty of “ daylight ” top and bottom of the ornament. Three picas would not be objectionable. When you group any wording always use the same type all the way through. The plan of the letter-heads of Deshler Furniture Company, H. C. Bowsher and The Fair is not good. It makes the heading rather lopsided in appearance. It has the tendency to scatter the wording too much and separate the portions which should be grouped together. It is always best to take the wording which properly belongs together and asso¬ ciate it closely. On this plan you lay the foundation of all jobs. The master builder, when he has a contract, first pre¬ pares his plans, then he puts in a good foundation for his building to rest upon, and proceeds to the erection of the structure. Think of this. Prepare in your mind’s eye a plan for every job. After having done this, your “founda¬ tion ” is the important wording of the job. The secondary reading matter should be so grouped around it that the result will be a harmonious whole. FRANK S. VERBECK’S NEW APPOINTMENT. The recent appointment of Frank S. Verbeck as traveling representative of the Inland Type Foundry, St. Louis, again calls attention to him, and in this connection it may not be uninteresting to his many friends to read a little sketch of his life. Mr. Verbeck was born at Nee- nah, Wisconsin, in 1858. He was regularly apprenticed and learned the printing trade, begin¬ ning at the age of fourteen years. In 1876 he undertook the publica¬ tion of the Winneconne (Wis.) Item^ when only seventeen years old, and continued in the busi¬ ness as sole proprietor and editor for four years. He afterward served in the capacity of traveling passenger agent for the Wisconsin Central and Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railways, until 1882, when he took a position with Barnhart Brothers & Spindler as trav¬ eling salesman. He remained with that firm for fifteen years, serving part of the time as manager of their St. Paul branch, the Minnesota Type Foundry. On July 1 of this year he severed his connection with the Barnhart Foundry, leaving them with the best of feeling, and is now with the Inland Type Foundry, of St. Louis, having been converted to their system of standard-line, unit-set type. Mr. Verbeck is thoroughly acquainted with the printing fraternity of the West and Northwest, and will no doubt talk the merits of the Inland’s system in a way that will result in many orders for his house. When in Chicago he is to be found at room 1115, Monadnock building. The illustration herewith was made from a recent photograph, and will be instantly recog¬ nized by his many friends as a striking likeness. The London correspondent of The American Stationer writes that there is a tax in England on armorial bearings, and that it is not lawful to use them on note paper, envel¬ opes, etc., without paying for it. The secretary of a Burns Club was fined $10 the other day because he incautiously used paper and envelope bearing a shield device, although the design was one which Burns himself had selected, and it was merely used to designate the object of the club. THE INLAND PRINTER, P. RICHARDS, CARICATURIST. Readers of New York comic papers are familiar with the sig-nature of Mr. P. Richards, attached to that class of caricature known as “ broad.” Some exam¬ ples of Mr. Richards’ work in this line are shown herewith, but these in no way adequately sugg-est his versatility. In conjunction with a facility with pen and brush that is little short of wonderful, he is possessed of a restless enterprise that has led to many adventurous missions and that has enriched his work by the fruits of extensive observation. Mr. Richards was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1863, and studied art in that city under Professor Hoerwater in the Museum of Art. He also studied in Paris and in London. He has traveled extensively in Europe and Asia, and in South Africa, contributing many sketches and articles to European and Amer¬ ican publications ; among the number may be mentioned the Chicago Sunday Inter Ocean, Chi¬ cago Evening News, and the Chicago Saturday Evening Her¬ ald. Coming to the United States in 1882, Mr. Richards has been very successful from the outset, and has traveled in nearly every State, giving exhibitions of sketchwork and, as already stated, contributing to the lead¬ ing comic papers. He has estab¬ lished a studio of design in New York and is now making a spe¬ cialty of theatrical work. He participated in the stirring events which transpired in South Africa during the Zulu and Basuto wars, in 1881, in the capacity of staff artist for the Transvaal Diggers' News, Johannesburg. Of recent years, Mr. Richards has found a profitable field in lightning sketchwork, making this a spe¬ cialty owing to the opportunity for travel which it affords, and at present has in prospect a tour of the United States, to be followed by a trip around the world, leaving San Fran¬ cisco, January, 1898, and returning to New York in the following August. FOREIGN NOTES. Statistics of the pressmen of Berlin show, according to Deutscher Buck- und Steindrucker, that in the 228 out of the 405 pressrooms in that city there are 996 plain, 95 double and two-color, and 102 cylinder presses in operation. These employ 662 head pressmen, 289 apprentices, and 893 male and 1,107 female assistants. Of the 662 head pressmen, 257 receive less than $7 per week ; 103 about that sum ; and 302 a larger wage. In Mexico evening newspapers are dated a day ahead, and the newsboys call “tomorrow morning’s paper,” at 4 o’clock the day before. The exhibition last month by the Borough Polytechnic Institute, London, included the work of its students in print¬ ing and bookbinding. Mr. P. Richards and His Assistant. The Berlin Typographical Society devoted one of its recent technical meetings to a discussion of three-color print¬ ing from a practical point of view. The Emperor of Japan has announced that he will grant to his subjects the freedom of the press. There were 792 periodicals published in Japan in 1895. The Typographische Jahrbucher contains in Heft IV. an illustrated article on the “Development of Styles in Orna¬ ment,” with special reference to borders, cuts, etc. Visiting cards were known and used in China as early as 619 A.D. The Chinese cards are larger than those of the western countries, and are brilliant red in color. El Telegrafo is a weekly two-column newspaper issued at Guadalajara, Mexico, It is an independent political journal which is diminutive only in size. It measures 4 by inches. A BOOK trade palace is to be erected in Leipsic which is to accommodate all the trades and industries connected with the printed book. One of its notable features is to be the Gutenberg Hall, in which statues and other memorials will be erected to Gutenberg, Senefelder and Friedrich THE INLAND PRINTER. 699 Koenig-. Places of honor will also be provided for the engraver Diirer, the printers Manutius, Plantin, and the Didots, as well as for the inventor of photography, Da¬ guerre. The Adelaide (Australia) Advertiser, recently issued a double-page supplement with illustrations of the cricket grounds at Adelaide, Sydney, and Melbourne, and with portraits of the champion cricketers of Australia. An announcement is at hand of the change of address of the ink manufacturers, James G. Mosson, agent of the firm Beit & Co., of St. Petersburg, Hamburg, Stassfurt, London, Brussels and Amsterdam. Mr. Mosson’s present address is Iwanowskaja, No. IS, Q. 3, St. Petersburg, Russia. The New Zealand Cyclist is the title of a weekly estab¬ lished in Christchurch, New Zealand, the first of April. It is a newsy, well-printed magazine. The last number contains a very entertaining account of some of the more notable bicycle meets and races, with half-page group illus¬ trations. A. T. Narayan, specialist for the supply of English and American printing machinery, etc.. Bangalore, India, has requested The Inland Printer to ask manufacturers in America to forward catalogues describing their goods. Those desiring representation in that country might corre¬ spond with him. A series of technical articles on the “Theory of the Three-Color Process” is running in Deutscher Buck- und Steindrucker. This valuable journal also contains interest¬ ing articles on “Photolithography,” on “Old Styles of Printing,” illustrated with reproductions of medijeval bor¬ ders and initials, and on Max Klinger, the artist. From the press of Wilhelm Knapp, of Halle, Germany, has just been issued the first of sixteen parts of the “Hand- buch der Lithographic und des Steindruckes.” Judging from these first sheets, the completed work will undoubtedly stand as a monumental piece of literature on this great art. The author, Georg Fritz, is vice-director of the Imperial Printing Office in Vienna, and has been widely recognized with distinction by the leading tech¬ nical societies as a practical stu¬ dent of the lithographic proc¬ esses. The work is beautifully printed on heavy book paper and is illustrated throughout with figures and diagrams, as well as by numerous full-page plates. An exhibition of the technical papers of the world devoted to the graphic arts is projected to be held in conjunction with the next general meeting of the Federa¬ tive Society of Printers of French Switzerland, in La Chaux-de- JoHNNiE’s Imagination of Laughing Gas and its Effects. Fonds, next June. Any periodical will be eligible that treats of any of the following subjects : Typography, lithog- raph3% photography, wood engraving, photo-engraving, type founding, electrotyping and stereotyping, the paper indus¬ try, stationery, binding, printing inks and supplies, print¬ ing and other machines. Editors are requested to forward to Mr. Fritz Mettler, of La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland, until June 15, two copies of their periodicals, and if possi¬ ble those numbers that appear during the early part of May. The German printers, under the lead of the Saxon Branch of the German Book Printing Society, established in 1890 a minimum printing tariff which has now been gen¬ erally accepted throughout Germany. The last number of Typographische Jahrbucher contains an extended descrip¬ tion of the workings of this printing scale of prices. At the Paris Exposition of 1889 the total space occupied by foreign countries was 98,000 square meters. The man¬ agement have already received from about a third of the countries that will probably exhibit at the Exposition of 1900 applications for space amounting to 218,000 square meters, and it is estimated that when all the applications are in, no less than 450,000 square feet of space will be desired for foreign exhibitors. — Bulletin de U Imprimerie. Among the many new humanitarian movements in France should be mentioned with commendation the Society for the Assistance of the Orphans of the National Printing Office. The aim of this society is to give aid to young chil¬ dren left by deceased workmen of that establishment. The association, which was voluntarily formed by the employes, has been recognized with approval by the French govern¬ ment, and $600 has already been gathered into the treasury. 700 THE INLAND PRINTER. We must call the attention of the- Scottish Typographical Circular to the fact that the Ellsworth bill, prohibiting- the publication of cartoons, was not introduced into the Ameri¬ can Senate, as the Circtilar states, but into the State Senate of New York. We are not so far away but what our British friends should learn that each of our States has a senate and lower house, which pass laws binding- only on their respec¬ tive States. It is convenient to heap blame on the United States Senate just now, but not quite fair to make it respon¬ sible for all bad bills. A DISCUSSION is g-oing- on in German papers on the ques¬ tion, “When is a journal free from errors?” The follow¬ ing answers are given ; 1, When the correspondent or editor writes correctly ; 2, When he writes correctly and also clearly ; 3, When the compositor sets the right letter ; 4, When he picks up the right letter ; S, When the proofreader reads the proof correctly ; 6, When the compositor corrects the proof rightly ; 7, When the proofreader reads the second proof correctly ; 8, When the compositor corrects the second proof correctly ; and so on. The contest is still open. The Bank of England has its paper printed by a secret process at a special mill in Hampshire. It is manufactured by hand from fine linen rags. The sheets are made very small, only the size of two notes. All the Bank of Eng¬ land notes, therefore, have three natural rough edges and only one clean cut. The printing is done from an elec¬ trotype steel plate and on a machine that issues about six¬ teen thousand per day. 1,000 is the highest denomination issued, and the smallest. The bank never issues the same note twice, and when its notes are cashed requires the note to be indorsed. Printing in relief for the blind was invented by Valen¬ tine Hauy in 1784 at Paris. After much experimenting with the blind, he fixed upon a character much like the ordinary roman letter. He used the embossed typography method to print a grammar, catechism and music. In some cases the embossing was done in colors to make the charac¬ ters more distinguishable for those not blind. Embossed typography made but little progress until 1825, when Mr. James Gall, of Edinburgh, revived the art and started it upon its present successful career. Embossed books have increased rapidly, as have readers among the blind. From the Graphische Post, of Frankfort, Germany, we learn that an International Exhibition of Machinery is to he held at Munich between June 11 and October 10, 1898. It will comprehend the following groups of exhibits : 1, Engines, including gas, petroleum, benzine, water, steam, heat, wind, and electric motors up to 10 horse-power ; 2, Working machines, tools and materials ; 3, Accessory machines, pumps, ventilators, presses, clocks, electrical attachments, guards, etc.; 4, Manufacturing machines in operation ; S, Technical and trade literature. Prizes will be given by the Bavarian government. Applications for entry for competition must be made by October, 1897. At an annual picnic held by the staff and employes of the Government Printing OfiSce at Sydney, New South Wales, recently, there were, says Wimble's Monthly Reminder, over 1,000 persons present. Among the distinguished visitors were the under-secretary of finance, the government printer and his predecessor, and others. The government printer, Mr. Gullick, in responding to a toast, said that he was glad to have the opportunity to meet all the employes on so happy an occasion, and the superintendent, Mr. Charles Griffiths, spoke in an equally felicitous and fraternal spirit. Other toasts followed and a programme of sports was then car¬ ried out. The picnickers were conveyed to the Gardens by water, two steamers being required for the purpose. The example of our Australian fellow-printers is one that should be emulated by printers everywhere. Let us have more of such good times. NOTES AND QUERIES ON LITHOGRAPHY. BY EMANUEL F. WAGNER. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from lithographers, lithographic artists, and others interested. Indi¬ vidual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful consideration. Mark letters and samples plainly » WAGNER.” Conveniences for Employes. — The machine wmrks of Karl Krause, Leipsic, according to the Freie Kilnste, con¬ tains separate lockers for each of the employes of the vast establishment ; also lavatories where 400 men can wash up simultaneously, and a bathroom for 125 men. “Richards’ Aluminum.” — A new revised edition of “ Richards’ Aluminum” has just been published, illustrated with thirty-eight engravings, third edition. It is the most comprehensive work on the subject, and treats of lithog¬ raphy on aluminum plates in the chapter “Working in Aluminum.” Price, $6. Effect OF “Eye Strain.” — The subject of overworked eyes, and the many sad consequences therefrom, is treated in a thorough manner by Dr. Ambrose L. Ranney in his book entitled “Eye Strain.” This may give a key to the causes of many complaints, seemingly of other origin, but directly traceable to the above effects, according to this author. The Royal Graphic Experimental School of Vienna. This school comprises four sections now : First, Photogra¬ phy and Reproductive Arts ; second, Book and Illustrative Technic; third, Photo-Chemistry and Process Printing; fourth, Collections. Age of applicant must be seventeen years ; no one who has not passed six classes of a public school can be admitted, or who has not passed an examina¬ tion showing fitness for the task otherwise. Makers of Aluminum Plate. — The branch offices of the Pittsburg Reduction Company, who make aluminum plate are : 701 Ferguson buildings, 319 Third avenue, Pitts¬ burg, Pennsylvania; 10-11 Havemeyer building, 26 Court- landt street, New York ; 360 Bullitt building, 133 South Fourth street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; and 156-158 Lake street, Chicago. Many large hardware stores also sell pure aluminum in sheets. Blending of Photogravure, Lithography and Type Display. — The establishment of the H. A. Rost Publishing Company, New York, is doing some unusual work. It is equipped with a complete type plant, a photogravure ate¬ lier and pressroom, and combines the fine art productions thus obtained with the usual type work, resulting in a very stylish and refined class of printing, far superior to the ordinary lithograph. On some of the work the three meth¬ ods, photogravure, lithograph and type are blended, -creat¬ ing a happy result. Mr, Hermann Rost is a practical lithog¬ rapher. Bogus Specimens. — The specimens which artists, en¬ gravers and others show of their work are often not their own, and they use this means only to sneak into advanced position, with their inferior capacity, causing the employer a good deal of annoyance. The Freie Kilnste for July sug¬ gests a good remedy, namely ; that the employer set an hour or so apart every week for the purpose of signing and stamping with the firm and artist’s name, etc., such samples, thus proving them to be genuine examples of the owner’s work. But would some of our employers stoop to this ? There is the rub. Litho Specimens vs. Typo Specimens. — I may say here, that I have received some requests for more commer¬ cial specimens, either from stone, aluminum or typographic zinc plate, be furnished with The Inland Printer, and we would advise some of our Western houses to adopt this method of showing ' the world what strides have been made electric city Engraving Co., 507 Washington street, A PORTRAIT. 702 THE INLAND PRINTER. in that class of work by them, also color work from stone and aluminum plates, showing how much better we can manage soft gradation on stone than on zinc, or how clear the colors print from aluminum on account of the little water necessary in dampening the plate. Also the much- discussed fourth printing could be compared in its merits with the aggressive three-color method, and conclusions drawn for everybody’s benefit. Engraving Upon a White Ground, the Work Show¬ ing Black. — An advantage in using zinc plates with a deposit of litho-stone upon them is the fact that by using a white engraving ground, the work appears dark on white ground, and can, further, be dusted over with lampblack to show perfectly black or white ground, just as on the paper when printed. Also for etching original art plates, which can be printed with the roller. The plate used for transfer¬ ring or drawing has more lime substance in its coating, but for engraving the amount of flint put in is greater. As the latter substance absorbs no grease, engravings are easily made upon such plates, for in cutting through this thin coat¬ ing, the grease-absorbing zinc body is reached. As the cutting is very shallow, the work can be printed with a roller direct, the impressions, therefore, looking very sharp. A New and Useful Tool for Lithographers. — J. I. Merkel, an instrument maker of New York, has devised a tool for engravers and etchers which has many advantages. It consists of a handle in size and appearance about the same as the ordinary wood handle of the litho-engraver’s point or “needle.” The novelty lies in the movable end, also of wood, which contains a minute jaw, gripping the steel point very securely. The handle is hollow all the way through, and the steel points, furnished separately, are about double the length of those now in use, but are hard¬ ened evenly from one end to the other. The inventor is a first-class instrument maker, and also proposes to manufac¬ ture the “Diamond handles” on this plan, so that the engraver’s hand, which is so accustomed to the wood of the “ needle,” will not be inconvenienced by the old-style heavy metal jaw. Material dealers will do well to note this inno¬ vation. Preparing the Surface of Aluminum Plates for Lithography. — According to the nature of the work to be put upon it, the plate is either polished with water and pumice powder or grained with fine or coarse sand. The greasy impurities are loosened with benzine, then the tex¬ ture is produced by immersing the plate in caustic soda (strong solution) ; now wash in water. The extraction of all foreign matters, as silicon, sodium, iron, etc., is effected by pure nitric acid, into which the plate must be dipped, and then washed in hot water. The washing of the alu¬ minum plate must be done very carefully, as the most trifling traces of acid or soda will destroy the work put upon the plate after. Even the uneven drying of the water from the plate will show. Therefore it is necessary to press firmly between clean blotting paper. Joseph W. Richards, A.C., Ph.D., of the Lehigh University, recommends drying in hot sawdust. The Principles and Science of Lithography.— The first part of what promises to be the most comprehensive work ever published on lithography in all its bearings is before us. We would rather reserve criticism until further issues are at hand. The prospect is fair that a really scien¬ tific yet popular treatment, exhaustively and finely illus¬ trated, is intended, and the name and position of the author, George Fritz (Counsellor and Vice-Director of the Royal State Printing Establishment at Vienna, recipient of vari¬ ous medals, diplomas and other distinctions), is a guarantee that this work will carry out what it promises to do. It is not deemed necessary therein to give a description of the invention of lithography, or what led up to it, but like an expert practitioner he takes up the matter from a practical and scientific point at the start. The illustrated diagrams are very effective in bringing the principles of our art and its divergencies with other graphic arts before the reader. The Air Brush vs. “ Spatter Work ” on the Litho¬ graphic Stone.”— F. W. T., Victoria, B. C.: The name of the air brush in German is Die Luftbiirste ; in French, Le Pulverisateur Pinceau. Yes, it can be used to good advan¬ tage on stone or aluminum in connection with stipple or crayon work, but the delicate parts of the machine must be cleaned often, as the litho touche is apt to get thick. A very little glycerin in the touche cannot hurt, although I have not tried it that way as yet. The method you describe of using a rotating brush is not new, and probably cannot be patented. Would advise to use pieces of wire netting of different sized meshes, according to size of spatter grain desired, in front of the spatter arrangement, as that will cause a more grain-like appearance. The wire netting should be placed about one and one-half inches from stone. Perfectly white parts are gummed out, or offset sheet cut out and laid over the respective places. At your suggestion I will be pleased to describe other modes of producing a mechanical “grain” on stone in future issues. The sub¬ ject is an extensive one. Progressive Litho Supply Houses and Schools for COSMOGRAPHIC STUDY. — This department has received vari¬ ous catalogues from European supply firms. The most remarkable ones are; Klimsch & Co., Frankfurt-am-Main, and Fr. Krebs, of the same place. These houses issue illus¬ trated books treating of all subjects relating to the graphic arts, metal, wood, etc., but especially lithography in its relations to photography, aluminum printing and all auxil¬ iary processes and inventions, machines, chemicals, books, etc. Various specimens of work done in the different proc¬ esses are inserted, and the announcement that a school for the learning of any graphic process is attached to these institutions is a unique feature. Not the smallest particle seems to be missing to make everything perfect and con¬ venient to purchasers and learners. One of the features of the German litho trade publications, is the number of “ help wanted ” advertisements appearing of late, but all asking for A 1 help. Many are wanted who can design for show cards, make good letter designs, or who understand photo¬ lithography ; also strong colorists, etc., are wanted. Aluminum Plates and Presses for Printing There¬ from. — A. R., Binghamton, New York, writes: “Can we not use the Huber press, which was built for zinc printing, and fasten aluminum plates thereon, or can you name a firm who makes a special press for the purpose, also kindly state where we can get plates such as Mr. Orcutt uses?” An¬ swer. — The Huber press can be used by changing the rollers somewhat. A special press designed for printing from aluminum is being built by the Cornwall Press, New York. The ready prepared plates are kept by the United States Aluminum Printing Plate Company, New York. These plates are furnished with the press only, and I am informed Mr. Orcutt obtains his rotary presses and plates from above named party. The obtaining of prepared plates in this country is surrounded with much difficulty as yet, for behind the white face of our future printing surface, there seems to lurk a hideous visage of African black. The result may be a lost game when it comes to the showing of hands. But you will notice the proper treatment for the plates in another part of this department, also addresses for obtaining the plates. Cutting Prices, Etc.— F. W. & E. M., New York City, ask in a long interview, why we do not array ourselves on the side of labor, “ go for those trade offices who are cutting down the prices for litho work, and are making it so hard for a good workman to get along ; and why do we give away THE INLAND PRINTER. 703 valuable information, that cost lots of time, hard work and money to gather — give it away for the small sum of $2 per year ! ” Answer. — We would say that The Inland Printer is a technical paper, always on the side of labor and education, in so far as it tries to help along those who are striving for more knowledge and for a higher plane in their calling. We hold that knowledge of any kind which has progress for its object should not be restrained, and we will, therefore, not shrink from giving the most “sacred” secrets of the trade to those who ask for them, believing at all times that through the widest publicity of the very best methods known in any trade, that trade can be improved in the same ratio as well as the condition of all connected therewith. “ Going for ” those cheap trade offices and many other hideous abuses better be left to intelligent trade unions for regulation, and to the American common sense, large¬ heartedness of employers, and the laws of supply and demand. In all united, deliberate and consistent action you will find this journal within its jurisdiction on the side of right and justice. We try to meet conditions, not create them. Etching the Aluminum Plate. — C. K., Nurnberg: The article you refer to was given in The Inland Printer of May, 1897. After the drawing is upon the plate, the etch¬ ing mixture, as described there on page 172, may be used. Would only add that, according to Fr. Krebs, phosphoric acid can be taken instead of fluoric acid, and we would recommend two or four grains less of the latter than given in the recipe above quoted. Another method of etching the aluminum plate is given in the June issue of Freie Kunste, No. 11, as follows : After the drawing or transfer is on the plate, treat with the following mixture : Water . 1,000 grammes Gum arabic . 200 “ Hydrochloric acid . SO Sugar . 25 “ Allow to dry. Another way of preparing aluminum plate before working, given by the above authority, is as follows : Extract the greasy parts by applying a ten per cent solution of potash, leaving to act a few minutes upon the plate. Then wash off abundantly with water ; repeat this opera¬ tion, then apply a mixture of Water . 25 grammes Alcohol . 25 “ Hydrochloric acid . IS “ Put on with a brush and avoid bubbles. Finally wash very carefully before using plate. (N. B. — The substances only were given, but we have set down these quantities.) Litho Stone Deposit on Metal Plates. — T. F. , aluminograph artist, writes : “ The plates you mentioned in the July Inland Printer are those known as ‘Kalksinter Platten,’ made at one time by Muller, in Leipsic, and now are called the Franklin Litho Plate. I have tried them and find them very good. I inclose you samples, and would like your opinion thereon ; made at the Gray Litho Company, New York. I have also inclosed some specimens of work photo-lithographed, on aluminum by the asphalt process ; a peculiarity noticeable is the greater brightness in the colors of the latter prints, which seem to speak well for this method of printing.” Answer. — Thanks for calling my attention to the subject of “Plates.” In the many substi¬ tutes for litho stone, I had almost lost sight of this matter. I have a copy of the Klimsch Allg. Anzeiger of March, 1884, in which the matter is described at some length. It seems that the benefit of this litho. surface is the fact that the amount of carbonate of lime, flint and clay may be varied according to the quality of work desired. It is really sur¬ prising that these plates are not better known. I have not seen an advertisement since that of 1884, and I am obliged that you have called more particular attention to it. The face of the “ chief ” in your aluminum sample is very fine, although I should have preferred a little more detail in the surroundings. Of course, you wanted to concentrate all interest on the face, but did it to such an extent that the other parts became neglected. The color on the alumino- g'raph is as bright as impressions from type form can be made. Transferring Half-Tone to Stone. — “ K. in New¬ ark”: “In attempting to transfer a half-tone from one of the zinc plates furnished by the Benedict Litho Company, it struck me as a good idea to reverse these process engrav¬ ings, then inking in such a plate like a copperplate engrav¬ ing, and getting much finer results on the litho press. I am not an etcher or artist, but simply a transferrer, and if such fine work is wanted nowadays something should be done to assist the transferrer, who gets all the blame for bad work.” Answer. — You mean to make a positive instead of a negative, or an intaglio engraving instead of one in relief. This process on copper has many excellent features which should recommend it to many. Our esteemed associate, Mr. Stephen H. Morgan, was the first to introduce it, I believe, for I remember his showing it to me about five years ago. Still the asphalt process on stone is so developed today that this work can be safely done on a good hard stone, with more pleasure to the lithographer, and in the litho-printer’s own realm, as he understands the manipulating of the stone much better than that of plate. You should try to have your originals developed direct on stone by asphaltum, not albumen methods. Conditions and Purposes of the Card Competition. — C. S., New York, writes : “Referring to the prize competi¬ tion of cards mentioned in The Inland Printer, would like to ask if that is the same collection that was entered for exhibition at the centennial celebration of the invention of lithography in 1896, in New York, and was abstracted by some unknown person, causing quite a stir ? What are the conditions and guarantee that decision will be unbiased ? What will become of the samples sent in, and where shall they be sent? ” Answer. — The names of the parties invit¬ ing this competition ought to be a full guarantee that no selfish motives are at the bottom of it. The portfolio is offered in a spirit of fraternal liberality, and in the hope of stimulating more interest in such work. That no selfish exchange of specimens is contemplated, it is suggested that the cards sent in be placed upon exhibition at the rooms of the Lithographic Artists and Engravers’ Association in New York, and after the contest is over remain in their pos¬ session. Further, to insure fair and impartial judgment upon the work, “ outside ” men, i. e., non-association engravers, shall participate in making the award, such to have no cards on exhibition. Finally, to guard against imposition being practiced by unscrupulous engravers, it is stipulated that every card sent in shall bear on its back the indorsement of the firm or foreman where it has been made. If anyone wishes to conceal his identity before the award is made, he may place a private mark upon each sample, or upon a sealed envelope containing his full name, which will only be opened after awards have been made. Specimens must be sent in not later than October 31, 1897, and must be sent to the eastern office of The Inland Printer, 150 Nassau street. New York, or to a committee that will be named in the next issue of The Inland Printer. One or more sam¬ ples can be sent in. The contest is open to all litho. engravers, and hinges only on technical execution and under¬ standing of tones and values, etching, shapes of letters, etc. If the engraver has also made the design, that fact will be considered separately, and honorable mention made of the fact in an engrossing, and then incorporated on the first page of the Prize Portfolio, besides being noted in these columns. THE INLAND PRINTER. 705 BOOKS, BROCHURES AND PERIODICALS. In this department special attention will be paid to all publications dealing entirely or in part with the art of printing and the industries associated therewith. While space will be given for expressions of opinion on books or papers of general interest which may be submit¬ ted for that purpose, contributors will please remember that this col¬ umn is intended in the main for reviews of technical publications. The address of publisher, places on sale, and prices should be inclosed in all publications sent for review. The National Brewer has adopted an extremely tasteful and effective cover design. The principal feature of the plate is the panel containing the figures of two youths, the maiden plucking a bunch of grapes, and the boy gathering a sheaf of barley. The lettering is executed in strong and artistic style. Howard, Ainslee & Company, New York, announce in their little magazine, issue of August, a change of name from the Yellow Kid to the Yellow Book. This departure is made in view of the improved and more general character of the contents of the periodical, which will hereafter appear but once a month. The Ad Book, which has just made its appearance, is to be the Pacific Coast exponent of high art in advertising. It is edited by Frederick Owen Vail. The Ad Book presents a neat and attractive typographical appearance. In sub¬ stance, it has the pungent flavor and pithy matter essential to any journal of the advertising press. That eminent English authority on printing, Mr. John Southward, has in preparation a timely work entitled “The Progress of Printing and the Graphic Arts During the Victorian Era,” which is likely to become a useful and authoritative book of reference. It will be copiously illu¬ minated throughout, and as an example of the latest “tri¬ umph of the Victorian Era,” it will be entirely set up by the linotype composing machine. TRANSACTIONS OF THE KANSAS STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 1889-96. Edited by F. G. Adams, Secretary. Press of the Kansas State Printing Company. J. K. Hudson, State Printer. 695 pages. Topeka, Kansas, 1896. Mr. Adams has gathered and arranged seven years of discussions and addresses, and reproduced an array of official State papers, bearing chiefly on the troublous times of squatter days, that will prove a mine of wealth to the student of that period. The printing and binding are good. F. Dundas Todd, editor of the Photo-Beacon, Tribune building, Chicago, announces that his sequel to “ First Step in Photography ” will be ready October 1, 1897. The great success of the “First Step” is not surprising when the book is examined. Mr. Todd is well qualified to in¬ struct, being gifted with a clear and readable style. “ Second Step in Photography ” will be a complete exposi¬ tion of the art, and will be profusely illustrated. The price will be 50 cents. HALTIGAN’S POCKET MANUAL OF READY REFERENCE. By P. J. Haltigan, proofreader United States Government Printing Office, Washington. Vest pocket size; 160 pages; leather, SO cents. This will prove a handy little reference book to news¬ paper men and printers especially. Besides giving instant information on all difficult and confusing points about spell¬ ing, terminations, abbreviations, etc., it provides just the data that one needs so often, and for some immediate occa¬ sion. A list of counties, cabinet officers, important inven¬ tions, memorable dates, forms of address, insignia of rank, mottoes, and a great number of other similar lists, indicate that the selection has been made wisely and with reference to actual need and accessibility. Can be purchased of The Inland Printer Company. Hopkinson Smith’s article on the “Tennessee Centen¬ nial Exposition,” in the September Scribner's, grew out of his visit in May as one of the art judges. He made the illustrations on the spot, and writes with enthusiasm of what he saw. He was most impressed with the pluck of the people who could carry out such a big undertaking in the midst of financial depression. He adds : “ If I should be asked what are the accentuated notes of the Exposition, I should answer that they lie in the respect these Tennes¬ seeans have shown for their traditions, and the reverence they feel for their past ; respect and reverence first for the old days of the Confederacy, and next for the days of their patron saints — Jackson, Polk, Houston, and the others.” Especial interest will be felt in this article by members of the Typotheta; and the Engravers’ Association, who contem¬ plate visiting the Exposition and the historic spots in the vicinity of Nashville next October. THE SELF-PROVING ACCOUNTING SYSTEM; including illustra¬ tions of various books and forms in facsimile, with special application made to the installment business. A manual for business men, account¬ ants and auditors. By A. O. Kittredge, F. I. A., and J. F. Brown, merchant. 328 pages; cloth, large octavo, $5. Toronto and New York: Self-Proving Account Book Company. This work is a well printed, neatly bound volume con¬ taining information pertaining to some methods of book¬ keeping that will be new to many. But still it treats of tried and tested systems, not of theories. The private ledger and perpetual balance sheet is one of its newest features, but all parts of the work are presented in such a concise and thorough way that the book at once impresses one as being immensely valuable. It is evidently intended for those having had experience in the matters on which it treats, but can be readily comprehended by those less advanced, and is full of useful information to all bookkeep¬ ers and accountants. The discussion and explanation of installment bookkeeping should be read by every account¬ ant in that line, and whether they adopt the excellent plans therein set forth or not, they cannot help finding many points that will assist them. A COMMERCIAL directory of the American republics and the European dependencies in Central and South America and the West Indies is being prepared by the bureau of American Republics, Washington, D. C. The volume will be a handsome quarto, 9 by 12 inches, of over twelve hundred pages, and will embrace in its contents the following infor¬ mation : Reliable descriptive, geographical, industrial, com¬ mercial and statistical data and map of each country ; the addresses and lines of business of the commercial houses of Latin America and the Hawaiian islands ; the names of five thousand or more representative manufacturers, merchants, shippers and bankers of the United States interested in foreign trade, classified under proper headings ; the names of the trade and commercial organizations, associations and unions of the countries embraced in the International Union of American Republics ; valuable data of transportation companies, and trade routes by land and water ; railway, telegraph and cable facilities, and particulars as to ship¬ ping, port regulations, tariffs and customs laws ; patent, trade-mark and copyright laws, and commercial licenses, passports and postal regulations. The information pub¬ lished in the work has been secured from reliable sources, with a view to accuracy and completeness, and with the intention of meeting the specific requirements of all lines having and seeking foreign trade. Specimen pages and duplicate blanks may be procured from Mr. Joseph B. Smith, the director of the bureau. American manufacturers are now endeavoring to reach for much of the trade in South America and other countries that has heretofore been con¬ trolled by Europeans, and this work will be of assistance to those desiring to communicate with prospective customers in the countries it relates to. Those who claim advertising to be a drawing in which many pay and few profit, might claim the same for many other things in this world. — S. O, E. R. 706 THE INLAND PRINTER. MINERALS AND FORESTRY BUILDING — TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. THE INLAND PRINTER. 707 ELEVENTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE UNITED TYPOTHETAE OF AMERICA, NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE. HE Nashville branch of the Typothete has recently been reorganized by the election of Mr. J. H. Bruce, president ; A. B. Tavel, secretary, and R. P. Webb, treasurer, and arrangements have since been completed for the Nashville meeting of the United Typotheta;, and the Engravers’ Association, on October 6, 7 and 8, 1897. These arrangements are even more elaborate than outlined in the August num¬ ber of The Inland Printer, and as the Nashville committee has prepared to carry out every detail decided on, the outlook is that those attending the Nashville meeting will be parties to the most successful and in every way delightful meeting of the Typoth- eta. A programme has been arranged, but as formulated it does not reveal half that will be done for the visitors. A reception com¬ mittee will meet trains and escort visitors to the headquarters at the Maxwell House. On Tuesday, October 5, the Executive Committee will meet at an hour yet to be named, as it depends on the arrival of the committeemen. At 8 o’clock Tuesday evening there dence will be lavishly decorated, the table beyond compare, and some of the most charming of Nashville’s famous beau¬ tiful women will grace the occasion by their presence. Another session of the Typothete will be held Thursday morning at 9:30 o’clock, lasting until 12 o’clock, when adjournment will be had and the body will take a special train, tendered by President Jno. W. Thomas, of the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway, and visit the Hermitage, the his¬ toric homestead and burial place of Presi¬ dent Andrew Jackson, which is now used as the Tennessee Confederate Soldiers’ Home. After viewing the famous mansion where Jackson lived and died, and visiting his tomb, the visitors will be treated to a gen¬ uine old-time Southern barbecue, that must be partaken of to be appreciated. One little feature connected therewith is the serving of the famous mint julep, which will be pre¬ pared by an artist, and the principal ingre¬ dient of which is fourteen years old and was secured with much difficulty. Returning from the Hermitage, the party will pass through the city by train and proceed direct to Belle Meade, the most beautiful and most famous stock farm in America, if not in all the world. Here is a place as lovely as a park, over 6,000 acres in extent, much of it cov- ir BELLE MEADE MANOR, NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE. will be an informal reception at headquarters, where the delegates will be made acquainted. The formal sessions of the body will be held at Watkin’s HalL two squares from the Maxwell House, beginning at 9:30 A.M., Wednesday, October 6, on which occasion Governor Robert L. Taylor has consented to deliver an address of welcome. Governor Taylor is one of the happiest speakers in the country, and for several years before he was recalled to the governor’s chair was successful on the lecture platform. A brief afternoon session will be held, but at 3 o’clock special cars will be called into service to carry the visitors to the Centennial Expo¬ sition. Returning to the Maxwell for din¬ ner, the evening calls for a reception and dance at the residence of President J. H. ^ Bruce, at 310 North High street. This Thomas Knapp, ... . Secretary appointed social United Typothetae. events of the season. The elegant resi- ered with primeval forest through which hundreds of wild red deer roam. The farm is in the highest state of cultiva¬ tion, and on the magnificent blue grass pastures hundreds of Jersey cattle feed ; but the half a million dollars’ worth of lordly thoroughbreds attract most of the visitors to Belle Meade. Here are to be seen Iroquois, the winner of the English Derby and the St. Leger ; the unbeaten Tremont, the famous Luke Blackburn, and half a dozen other stallions not so well known. Here also lies buried in his paddock the great Enquirer, to which a monument was recently erected. Over a hundred brood mares and half as many colts and fillies, fine as silk, browse on the pastures, and the visit to Belle Meade will ever be remembered. After taking in all these sights, the party will return as far as the expo¬ sition and spend the evening there. On Friday, October 8, the Typothetag will meet as usual at 9:30 A.M., and adjourn at will. This will be the closing business session, and the evening will be spent at the expo¬ sition, the finale being a magnificent banquet at the West 708 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE HERMITAGE, NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE. Side Driving- Club in the exposition grounds. The ladies will be given a luncheon in the roof garden caf6 on the Woman’s building near by. The banquet will be one of the most elaborate ever given in Nashville. Dr. R. D. C. White, an old newspaper man and now Supreme Keeper of the Records and Seal, Knights of Pythias, has consented to act as master of ceremonies, and no man in Nashville is more capable of satisfactorily performing the duties attached. Saturday will be taken up with social visits and arrang¬ ing for the departure for home. The delegates and their friends will be permitted to stop over and visit the wonder¬ ful Mammoth Cave if they come through Louisville over the Louisville & Nashville Railroad, or return that way. It is anticipated a number of visitors will take advantage of this. The Maxwell House, the ofiScial headquarters, is con¬ ducted upon the European plan, and can accommodate between five and six hundred guests, but many of the visit¬ ors expect to stop at the Tulane Hotel (European plan), or at the Duncan (American plan). The Brandon Printing Company has prepared a magnificent souvenir of the occasion, which will be presented to all those who attend the sessions of either association. Following is a list of delegates and alternates elected up to date of going to press : Buffalo, N. Y. — Delegates : George E. Matthews, A. C. Van Duzee, P. W. Heath, George R. Jones, A. B. Floyd, J. S. Wilson, F. N. Burt, A. T. Brown. Alternates : J. A. Pierce, W. N. Mc¬ Mullen, W. H. Wright, Jr., Joseph Baer, R. L. Cox, H. C. Spendelow, Peter Paul, Reinecke and Zesch. Cincinnati, Ohio. — Delegates ; Al¬ len Collier, W. B. Carpenter, John F. Earhart, George C. James, A. H. Pugh, George A. Armstrong, John B. David¬ son, C. J. Krehbiel, F. W. Keating. Alternates : H. J. Anderson, W. A. Stuart, F. J. Diehm, George W. Blum, Andrew McDonald, Fred Spencer, Adolph Dryer, C. A. Sanders, John H. Gibson. Cleveland, Ohio. — Delegates : C. Winn, A. C. Rogers, C. O. Bassett, W. Munhall. Alternates: P. B. Berry, E. F. Hamm, A. S. Brooks, M. S. Coggs- hall. Galveston, Delegate : George M. Courts. Memphis, Delegates : W. H. Bates, A. B. Pickett. Alternates : W. G. Holmes, William Fitzgerald. Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va. — Delegates : W. A. Fiske, John E. Burke. Alternates : W. A. Edwards, W. T. Barron. Pittsburg, Pa. — Delegates : Percy F. Smith, Joseph Eichbaum, H. P. Pears. Alternates: Theodore Sproull, H. J. Murdoch, A. C. Shaw. Rochester, N. Y. — Delegates : M. H. Smith, E. R. Andrews, A. J. Weg- man, R. M. Swinburne, Ernest Hart. Alternates : J. H. Clapperton, W. F. Balkan, E. C. Tanger, Charles Mann. St. Louis, Mo. — Delegates : S. F. Myerson, H. S. Hart, Stewart Scott, W. H. Woodward, Edwin Freegard, W. L. Becker, G. D. Barnard, C. M. Skinner, H. Feldbush, C. Mitchell, F. Gottschalk, W. S. Donelson. Alternates : Charles Crutsinger, John Bermel, A. Noble, M. J. Gilbert, Carl Schraubstadter, L. Sanders, S. Burnham, A. Gilliam, L. Hale, C. D. Garnett, A. Whipple, W. B. Becktold. St. Paul, Minn. — H. D. Brown, chairman. Delegates : E. P. Penniman, George M. Stanchfield, W. S. Potter, L. D. Bissell, W. F. Repke. Alternates: M. Treacy, J. S. Pin- ney, P. C. Zander, H. L. Collins, E. Randall. Troy, N. Y.~ Delegates : E. H. Foster, A. E. Stone, H. Stowell. Alternates : E. H. Lisk, J. W. Smith, W. Powers. Other cities not in the above list will be fully represented at the convention. Details concerning the photo-engravers’ meeting are not fully arranged, but on opposite page will be found a few facts relating to it. The illustrations of the Mammoth Cave will be interesting to those who contemplate a visit to that marvel of nature. THE INLAND PRINTER. 709 ENTRANCE TO THE MAMMOTH CAVE, KENTUCKY. THE PHOTO-ENGRAVERS’ MEETING. A national meeting of the photo-engravers will be held in Nashville early in October, during the time the United Typothet^ is in session, and it is expected the organization of a national association will be completed at that time. The headquarters will be at the Duncan Hotel, and the meet¬ ings will be held at the Chamber of Commerce. The plan of this organization, as stated last month, is not for the purpose of advancing prices, but to establish better regulations and understandings, remove prejudices and prevent the disastrous cutting of prices. That a plan of this kind would result in permanent good to the trade, no one can doubt. It is to be hoped a large delegation of photo-engravers from all sections of the country will assem¬ ble at Nashville, and that the organization will be per¬ fected. W. H. Tenney, of Boston, is chairman of the com¬ mittee and would be glad to receive suggestions from photo¬ engravers everywhere concerning the proposed plan. THE MAMMOTH CAVE, KENTUCKY. 710 THE INLAND PRINTER. l/eAlix>cxX ^c/uL^at P ooU/nX (jJpJplvuxL 12-Po-vyvt £'!>o-oa<>-ooaA^ l<5 cv|tA,4, tlvt^vrv, axoxL tAxxox |A^ xlAyo-To/s^t/u, oyrucL, {^xmxA/xiyMA^ .4y|a.e.^cLiEi/nrc^, W/XUC/?t lA cUx^tA^ ayrvcL |x/tvrw ^'OLXMyvx^ oxwo-tLx/u cLtxaJ^ ooXoa^ uxoxLe/u iX, oX ^ja^AATjoA.-, ol/aA^t (^AXVrv, (>4, I>Aa>u>ax. c^u/oaitxi tJht |iAAt Xo- '-^x- ^ooxxXx/oL i/w oxvcU/rvoAA^, cAxAiy|D XyiA/, oxkvcL X?ax I^AxiXixxooycA^ I S'-P CM/yiX CultaiOAt^ P -umycJTX^ CLxruol noaMx llix- |iAAt ^jaAx>>ceA4<5 o/yvcL o>| PocypMxe/vvct Pw tixt UM>-Altix>a/t^ cvf. TTIxPclI VaXxPi^ |/o~xi/rvcL Pvx om/i^ uriaA^IxAJXxlLpvT^ W- l.twoluX (v|- tlix- tpaxix-. 3M--P cwnX aaypxi |PQR«S?TTU\AVXYZ.,-'& ABCDEFGHIJKLMXOPQHSTUVWXYZ 12345G7890 UPACTUHEIJ EXCLUSIVELY (3-POIXT COPPERPLATE ROMAX 30A (>Oa $3.00 AXIERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS' GO. THE INLAND PRINTER. 717 CONDENSED STUDEEY, Originated by the INEAND TYPE EOUNDRY TYPE Not Cast on standard Line Type not cast on Standard Line is dear at any price Type not cast on Standard Line is i dear at any price DEAR at Any Price Type not cast on • Standard Line is dear at any price Type not cast on Standard Line is dear at any price Type not cast on standard Line is dear at any price Type not cast on Type not cast on - Standard Eine is dear at any price Standard Eine is dear at any price eO-Point, 6a 4A. S9.50 48-Point, 8a 5A, $7.25 36-Point, 9a 6A, $5.00 30-Point, 10a 7A, $4.30 24-Point, 12a 9A, $3.50 18-PoInt,18al2A, $3.20 14-Point, 24a 16A, $3.00 12-Point, 30a 20A, $2.80 10-Point, 34a 22A, $2,50 8-Polnt, 36a 25A, $2.25 6-Point, 48a 30A, $2.00 STANDARD LINE TYPE FOR SALE BY GOLDIING & CO., Boston, New York, Phila., and Chicago DAMON-PEETS CO., New York WM. E. LOY San Francisco GWATKIN & SON, Toronto GETHER & DREBERT, Milwaukee PRESTON FIDDIS CO., Baltimore Type not cast on Standard Line is s dear at any price Type not cast on 6 Standard Line is dear at any price INLAND TYPE FOUNDRY, SAINT LoilS, oSSErop STANDARD LINE TYPE (3-7 Sarah Bernhardt Caricatvkbd, Sarah Bernhardt Idealized. THE INLAND PRINTER. 719 POSTER-LORE, AND THE NEWER MOVEMENTS. CONDUCTED BY PERCIVAD POULARD. All specimens submitted for criticism, and all correspondence oo this head, should be addressed personally to the writer, in care of this office. Designs intended for reproduction must be 'mailed flat, or properly pro¬ tected by tube if rolled. The coming theatrical season in the United States should show an im¬ provement in the class of posters used to advertise plays and performers. For the past season or two there have been enough artistic posters imported with foreign plays to show our managers that it pays to use really fine sheets. Our coming winter will, one hopes, see some of the posters Mr. Dudley Hardy has been doing lately for various light entertainments in England ; and these should stimulate native industry. Messrs. Bridwell and Butler, for the Strobridge lithographing firm, should do something well worth seeing, greatest caricaturist in the world today. His delineation of the French actress, reproduced here, is from Le Eire ; in that same paper he lately did a cartoon of Queen Victoria that, as art, was simply marvelous, however much one might question the taste of choosing this subject. As a study in method, no less than mood, I hope these two designs will be generally inter¬ esting and instructive. In the days I first went journaling in Chicago it happened that some chance brought me to an editorial chair in the offices of Light. That paper failed, of course, being much before its time, but to it I owe my first intro¬ duction to the work of several artists who have since become familiar to the public at large. One of these was Mr. Hy. Mayer. Since several of this artist’s designs for programmes and posters are well known to collectors it is not necessary to explain him at great length now. Posters are not, how¬ ever, his main industry. In black-and-white and colored “comics,” in fecundity of humorous notions, Mr. Mayer is now one of the best known artists our illustrated weeklies use. Almost every other week Truth has shown a full page, in color, by Mr. Mayer, and the posters he did for the same paper are doubtless familiar to collectors. It is a most fierce picture of BOLANYO OPIE READ’S NEW NOVEL PVBLISHED BY WAY fe WILLIAMS CHICAGO ALL B^O^OKSELLERS Three-Sheet Poster by Maxfield Parrish. himself that Mr. Mayer has done for us, but one can assure the world at large that he is not really such a flaming Mephistopheles as he has painted himself. A three-sheet by Mr. Maxfield Parrish advertising Mr. Opie Read’s novel, “ Bolanyo,” is being shown on the billboards. Messrs. Way & Wil¬ liams, of Chicago, purpose allowing for a demand from collectors for this poster, and I believe there will be some for disposal at $1 each, or $2 mounted and varnished. A NEW book of Edward (Chimmie Fadden) Townsend’s is to contain fifty drawings by F. A. Nankivell. Dudley Hardy’s sheet for the comic opera, “The Yeoman of the Guard,” lately improved the looks of London’s walls. The new part of the Maitres de I'Affiche shows a Cheret, an Ibels, an English poster by Morrow for “ The New Woman,” and a design by the Belgian artist, Fernand Toussaint. Here is Mr. Ambrose Bierce’s word-picture of the cover-design for “Dreams of Today,” shown in the August number of The Inland Printer : “ . . . . One of Mr. Nankivell’s astonishing creations, representing a benevolent young woman who has given all her clothing to the poor, kneel¬ ing among the ruins of an ancient temple, while a brace of storks, mounted 720 THE INLAND PRINTER. on one leg each and resembling wicked old men as hard as ever they can, view her with a critic’s eye, nor pass her imperfections by. One of them, be it said to his credit, compassionately proffers the shelter of his wing to pro¬ tect her from the heat of the stars and the gaze of the other stork.” In the competition for a poster advertising the Paris journal, V Eclair, a decision has been reached giving to H. Thomas the first prize. A black-and- white of the winning design is here shown. Nothing in English published art has excited so much comment lately as the color sketches Mr. W. Nicholson has been showing in the New Reviexv. In June a portrait of Queen Victoria aroused all England to discussion ; in Poster by George Wharton Edwards. July there followed an equally brilliant drawing of Sarah Bernhardt, and August saw a sketch of General Roberts. The portrait of the queen seemed, to many critics, to verge on carica¬ ture ; to me it is simply an admirable character-study. Mr. Nicholson is one of the “ Beggarstaffs,” known to poster-collectors for many fine designs, notably the Harper’s sheet for England. George Wharton Edwards has designed the Century poster for September. It represents a maiden of Pornic, on the coast of Brittany, in characteristic peasant garb. We reproduce it. In Germany there now seems to be the greatest progress in general interest in the poster. Nuremberg now has a periodical devoted exclusively to poster collecting. It is Das Plakaf, and is illustrated. Excellent illustrations by Maxfield Parrish for a children’s story of Kenneth Grahame’s were features of the August Scribner's. Mr. Parrish, I learn, is presently to illustrate a book of stories for the Chicago firm of Way & Williams. There have been two additions to the “ Bodley Booklets ” issued by John Lade, under a cover-design by Bradley. One is “ The Making of a School- Girl,” by Evelyn Sharp; the other is “The Quest of the Gilt-Edged Girl,” by Richard Le Lyrienne. There is appearing in Le Rire, of Paris, a series of caricatures of crowned heads that every artist should study; these cartoons are not only entertaining, they are an education. Three, by C. Leandre, showing Queen Victoria, President Faure and King Leopold, are especially brilliant. PATENTS OF INTEREST TO PRINTERS. BY CHARLES M. CHAPMAN. The month of July was not so prolific of patents in the art of printing as some previous months, but the improvements are of a high class and show considerable progress in the various branches. Following is an outline of the patents : The throw-off mechanism of Fig. 1 is the invention of James Edgar Lee, of Chicago, Illinois. One of the several objects of this invention is to provide means for causing the parts to become automatically locked in either position to which they may be set. Another object is to provide simple mechanism for shifting the eccentric shaft when it is desired to throw the impression on or off, and at the same time avoid independent rotary movement of the eccen¬ tric shaft during the operation of the press. The printing machine of Fig. 2 has been improved by Alfred F. Harris, Charles G. Harris and William H. Smiley, of Niles, Ohio, said Alfred F. Harris and said Smiley having assigned to said Charles G. Harris. They have provided for automatically stopping the machine immediately any break occurs in the feed supply. This is secured by an electric circuit which is broken when the proper feed supply is maintained and closed instantly any break occurs in said supply, the closing resulting in lowering the impression cylinder and the shifting of the driving belt, bringing the press to a stop. The color printing press of Fig. 3 has been improved by Vittorio Turati, of Milan, Italy. The object of the invention is to obtain cleaner and more quickly drying impressions from the colors, and to take a greater number of such impressions, the improvement permitting the colors to be used in a harder state. Fig. 4 shows a press of the rotary impression cylinder class, having the sheet-delivering apparatus applied thereto, invented by Robert Miehle, of Chicago, Illinois, assignor by mesne assignment to the Miehle Printing Press & Manufacturing Company, of Chicago, Illinois. This invention is to pro¬ vide means for delivering the sheet to the receiving table with the printed side up, employing therefor a set of stationary stripping fingers and also a fly frame to receive the sheets and carry them bodily from the impression cylinder and deposit them upon the table. The device of Fig. S is for feeding printing presses, and is the invention of Charles G. Harris, of Niles, Ohio, who has assigned to the Harris Auto¬ matic Press Company, of Niles, Ohio. Its special application is to cards and envelopes, which are taken from the bottom of the pile. The linotype machine of Fig. 6 involves the improvements of David S. Kennedy, of Brooklyn, New York, assignor to the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, of New York City. A stop or buffer is arranged in such position as to arrest and sustain the lower ends of the descending spaces as they enter the line in course of composition, in such manner as to give them support and also to prevent them from twisting or slipping out of position. The inking mechanism of the cylinder press of Fig. 7 has been improved by Henry A. Wise Wood, of New York City, who has assigned to the Camp¬ bell Printing Press and Manufacturing Company, of New York. By the currangement shown the stroke of the bed is kept constant and short, and the bed is accessible from the rear by placing the rear ink fountain and distrib¬ uting apparatus adjacent to the impression cylinder. The printing machine of Fig. 8 has been improved in many particulars by John J. Clause, of Chicago, Illinois, assignor to Franklin Rudolph, of Chicago, Illinois. Among other devices are a gripperless feed for the sheets, means for adjusting the sheet with relation to the cooperating carrying cylinder, and means for the independent adjustment of the inking form- roller with relation to the distribution and form cylinder. The sheet delivering and folding mechanism of Fig. 9 is the invention of William H. Jessup, of Poughkeepsie, New York. By the mechanism shown, the sheet, as it leaves the tapes of the conveyer, is prevented from curling, THE INLAND PRINTER. 721 PATENTS OF INTEREST TO PRINTERS. and the construction of the conveyer frame enables it, when not in use, to be dropped down against the folder frame without straining the tapes. Two patents have been granted to Louis K. Johnson and Abbot A. Low, of Brooklyn, New York, who have assigned in each case to The Alden Type Machine Company, of New York City, both for improvements in typesetting appliances. One relates to the means for adjusting the type forwarder to words or combinations of different lengths, and dispenses with the ordinary mechanism for reciprocating the type pusher, using instead a finger lever acting upon a rock-lever which controls the pusher; while the other relates to a certain form of setter case, wherein the springs are dispensed with, and also one side of the holder. James L. Lee, of Chicago, Illinois, has improved printers’ blocks for holding electrotypes and other printing plates in the form while being printed Walter Scott, of Plainfield, New Jersey, has produced sheet-delivering mechanism for printing presses so contrived as to apply sufficient tension to properly straighten the paper, and practically prevent the formation of An improved machine for trimming or dressing printers’ leads, such as linotype slugs, has been produced by Carl Schraubstadter, Jr., and Charles R. Schilling, of St. Louis, Missouri, who have assigned to the Western Engravers’ Supply Company, of St. Louis, Missouri. A printing die has been patented by Frederick George Jahn, of Brook¬ lyn, New York, assignor by mesne assignment to DeForest Settle, receiver of the International Postal Supply Company, of New York. This die is to be used in machines for postmarking and stamp canceling, and provides an efficient and economical device for the purpose. REVIEW OF SPECIMENS RECEIVED. The purpose of this department is to candidly and briefly criticise specimens of printing submitted hereto. The large number of speci¬ mens submitted makes it necessary that all comments shall be brief, and no discourtesy is intended in the seeming bluntness of adverse criticisms. Contributors who fear adverse criticism must give notice that they desire only favorable mention, and should their specimens not deserve praise no comment whatever will be made. Samples intended for review under this head should be mailed to this office flat, and plainly marked on corner “ALPHA.” J. H. Tifft, Neillsville, Wisconsin : Card and letter-head. Both neat specimens of composition and presswork. A PACKAGE of miscellaneous work from The Sanderses, 144 Maiden Lane, New York, composition and presswork on which are good. From the Independent Company, Massillon, Ohio, samples of general work of an ordinary character, both as to composition and presswork. W. A. T. Carrell, 20 Exchange street, Buffalo, New York : Business card, printed in green and copper-bronze. Composition and presswork fair, embossing good. From S. S. Lesslie, 402-404 Camp street, New Orleans, Louisiana: Several samples of cards, some of which are good specimens of display composition. Presswork is good on all. Clyde A. Dodds, Sandoval, Illinois, submits two blotters for compar¬ ison and criticism. The Charles D. Merritt blotter is the better piece of work, but the register is not perfect. An Indianapolis man predicts that the daily journals and magazines of the future will be printed on green paper, because green is nature’s color and is consequently less harmful to the eye than any other color. He thinks we shall have less use for oculists when all printed matter is placed on green paper. “We have observed,’’ says an exchange, with an eye to the main chance, “ that the green paper issued from the Government Printing Office is most pleasing to the eye and the easiest to circulate. — Newspaper Maker. From Will C. Cantrell, with Atlanta Litho & Printing Company, Atlanta, Georgia : Cards, letter-heads, etc., composition on which is neat and well displayed and presswork excellent. George E. Frost, Beverly, Massachusetts : Bill-heads, cards, etc. ; composition neat and presswork fair. Imprint on fourth page of Peter Callely’s card is much too prominent. From Ray Printing Company, Lansing, Michigan : A blotter and an “ Announcement,” each printed in three colors, the composition being artistic, and the presswork, colors and register good. “The Fitton Fireman” is the title of a souvenir programme of eighty pages and cover, 6 bj' 914 inches, oblong, printed by the Rockville Journal Press, Rockville, Connecticut. The composition and general get-up is good, but the stock is not so good as it might be for such a work, and the THE INLAND PRINTER. 723 presswork mig-ht be improved, especiallj’ on the half-tones, which are flat and spotted. The cover is neat, and the book being punched and tied with j'ellow ribbon presents a good appearance. C. R. Kemble, Tribttne, Greenville, Ohio : Your envelope corner card, in two colors, is a good job of composition, and the iiresswork, considering the difficulties under which you labored, is excellent. Adams Bros., Topeka, Kansas, submit a catalogue of sixteen pages, printed in black, brown and red, and cover printed in black, blue and gold, on blue stock. The work is well done in every particular. Ed Keogh, 386-388 Broadway, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, submits a page in¬ tended for insertion in the Milwaukee City Directory. It is a plain business card, printed in black, gold, red and photo-brown. Composition is neat and presswork good. From Henry R. Wheeler, Atlantic City, New Jersey: Several samples of commercial work of good quality, both as to composition and presswork. The card of “ The Brevoort,” set in Victoria Italic, is the best of the lot, being nicely balanced and evenly spaced. From Gil H. Kyle, York, Pennsylvania; Eight-page roster and histori¬ cal souvenir of Sandilands Commandery, Knights of Malta. A handsome piece of work in many colors. Composition is good, and well displayed, and presswork excellent, colors well chosen and in perfect register. A NEATLY designed and well printed business card comes to us from T. E. Ormsby, with Hull’s Printing House, 615 San Juan de Letran, Mexico. It is set in Bradley series of type, printed in bronze-blue and red on buff stock, and is a very good sample of composition and presswork. Elmutt Clifton, Hove, near Brighton, England, sends a varied assort¬ ment of society and commercial printing. The composition is generally well done, though in some instances too much border and rulework has been used. The color schemes are mostly harmonious and presswork is good. Some samples of their own office stationery from the Woodruff Adver¬ tising Novelty House, Ravenna, Ohio, showing original decorative designs by George R. Woodruff. The designs are artistic, as is also the printing of the same in colors. All are first-class specimens of letterpress printing. From Theo. P. Stoll, Kensington avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : Business card printed in blue and red on green stock. Composition is of an ordinary character ; presswork fair. Color arrangement would have been better if plain K and P had been used and K, L, P and H printed in red instead of only the K and P. The Moore & Langen Printing Company, Terre Haute, Indiana, sub¬ mits samples of four-page folder in two colors and business card in three colors and gold, the work of F. J. Weldele, compositor, “ who is a close student of The Inland Printer.” The work is well conceived and neatly executed, showing him to be a typographic artist. The presswork is also good. Redfield Bros., 411-415 Pearl street. New York, submit a programme of the Twenty-seventh annual meeting of the New Jersey State Dental Society, which is a neat production, printed in black and red, the cover being in dark green and red on sea-green rough stock, sewed with red floss silk. Composition, presswork and binding are all of first-class quality. Paterson & White, 518-520 Minor street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have issued a booklet of eight pages and cover, entitled “ Making a Good Impression.” It is printed on parchment paper, in Jenson Old Style, in red and black. The cover has a handsomely printed and embossed figure of a lady, with the title printed in black with red underscore rules. The worlc is very well done. The American Type Founders’ Company has issued a specimen book of typewriter types, showing eleven different faces. From these a printer should have no difficulty in selecting one or more that would prove satisfac¬ tory for printing imitation typeivritten circulars. The sample book is printed on laid paper, in black and purple inks, inclosed in a cover with handsome design made from borders on front page. The Chasmar-IVinchell Press, 141-155 Twenty-fifth street East, New York, submit two catalogues — the Monarch and Barnes bicycles— the work on which is of a superior class. The typography is well arranged, the half¬ tone illustrations first-class, and the presswork, in black and tints, excellent. The cover designs are works of art in the truest sense. Such work might be equaled by other printers, but we think it would be hard to excel. E. R. Smith & Son, publishers of the News and Eastern Townships Advocate, St. Johns, Quebec, send a letter-head, and a circular in blue and red. The composition on both is well done. The circular is not the work of an experienced man as to the wording. There is too much verbiage. There is no crispness — no argument. The display type is necessarily small and the compositor did a good job and the presswork is excellent. “ Blue and White ” is the title of a souvenir published by the summer class of 1897, Ix>s Angeles (Cal.) High School. It is a somewhat pretentious work of 124 pages and cover, illustrated with half-tones and original draw¬ ings by the pupils. The composition is good, the advertisements being well displayed, and the presswork excellent. The work is from the press of George Rice & Sons, 311-313 New High street, Los Angeles, California. Loring Coes & Co., Worcester, Massachusetts, submit samples of note paper and envelope of a peculiar shape and size, which, they state, they “ got from the British Printer, size called ‘ Victoria Note ’ and used because ‘ the Queen will not read a folded sheet.’ ” The size is a four-page S% by 7 sheet, the envelope a trifle larger, to admit of the sheet being inserted with¬ out folding. Pages 1 and 2 are used for writing on, and pages 3 and 4 for printing an announcement of their micro-ground knives. The printing is neatly done, and the envelope is printed both back and front. It is some¬ thing of a novelty, and Loring Coes & Co. expect the “ American Royalty ” will take kindly to it. William F. Schempp, Brodhead, Wisconsin, submits a package of fine letterpress printing. The quality of each is so good that it is hard to say which is best, but a booklet, “ Summer Fancies,” is a handsome piece of work, printed in bronze-blue, with vignette illustrations in brown, on heavy enameled stock. We favorably commented on Mr. Schempp’s work some time ago, but the package under review gives evidence of great improve¬ ment since then. The presswork on some of the samples might be better. “ Illustrated London ” (Ontario, Canada) is a handsome souvenir of 136 pages, 9 by 12 inches, printed on heavy enameled stock, with beauti¬ fully colored and embossed cover. It is very freely illustrated with half-tone engravings of fine quality and contains a colored map of Western Ontario. The printing is admirable, the half-tone illustrations being beautifully clear. It is one of the best jobs of presswork that has come into our hands for a long time. The book is printed and issued by the London Printing & Litho Company, London, Ontario. A PACKAGE of varied samples of work reaches us from Hatch, Delano & Co., Galveston, Texas. The cards show taste and care in composition and finish. The letter and bill heads — combined type and engraving — are neat samples of work. The poster is artistically designed, and colors full and well balanced. The job ticket and envelope is very complete in details, and is no doubt a valuable record for reference. The blotter is a neat piece of rule-and-border work and type display. The whole collection bears evidence of careful and artistic treatment in all departments. J. H. Ritchie, Waverly, Illinois, forwards a large package of general work, which is of a high degree of merit, both in composition and presswork. It is far above what one might expect to see from a town of 1,400 inhabit¬ ants, and shows that Mr. Ritchie studies to produce the best he can with the material at his command. A show card and programme of an entertain¬ ment, in the Old English style of spelling, are very unique and amusing. In his letter Mr. Ritchie refers to “ a sealed envelope on the back of the package” as containing a job for the “ Country Cousins’ Competition.” No such envelope was received, it having evidently been displaced in transit. The official souvenir of the thirty-first National Encampment, G. A. R., at Buffalo, New York, is a novelty in the line of souvenir books. It contains ninety-six pages, printed in various colors. All the right-hand pages show half-tone views of buildings and places of interest in and around Buffalo, with portraits of principal officers and prominent members of the G. A. R. The left-hand pages contain a history of the organization and its affiliated societies, each page of type being surrounded with vignettes illustrating scenes and incidents of the war. The cover represents a buffalo’s head, printed in natural colors, and tied on with a red, white and blue ribbon. A cutting-die the shape of the head has been used for trimming the book, thus giving it a unique appearance. The Courier Company, of Buffalo, did the designing, engraving, printing and binding, and are to be congratulated upon the satisfactory and pleasing result attained. TRADE NOTES. T. O. Metcalf & Co., printers, Boston, announce the withdrawal of Mr. Arthur W. Glines from their firm. William A. Gibson has been placed in charge of the city office of J. Manz & Co., 160 Adams street, Chicago. The merchant who prints his business card with a rub¬ ber stamp seldom makes a good impression. — Press and Printer. A NEW designing and photo-engraving house has been established in Worcester, Massachusetts, by H. Grant Berryman. Harper & Brothers now have a London branch, hav¬ ing bought out the business of Osgood, Mcllvaine & Co. Some valuable copyrights of the late George du Maurier are said to have been acquired by the transaction. Many large importing houses give great care to the prep¬ aration of literature they issue. The camping edition of the Art Domestic, a monthly received from E. J. Arnold, in charge of the department of typography and advertising of Goldberg, Bowen & Co., San Francisco, is a good example of the attention paid to typographical effects in the better class of “ house organ” periodicals. The establishment of the Prouty Press Company, at Worcester, Massachusetts, to manufacture steel type to print on wood, is just announced. Frank C. Winn has been appointed superintendent of the factory. A printers’ sup¬ ply house will be opened in connection with the plant, and 724 THE INLAND PRINTER. with the branch office at Boston, will be in charg-e of Charles L. Shaw, treasurer of the company. Columbus, Ohio, proposes to tax the typesetting ma¬ chines in the newspaper offices there, if any law can be found to reach them. The matter will probably be fought in the courts and a test case made if the matter is pushed by the special board of equalization. Announcement is made by Messrs. J. C. and Frank X. Leyendecker that they have opened a studio in the Chicago Stock Exchange building, suite 1114. The brilliant decora¬ tive work; of these artists will commend them a patronage which we trust will justify their faith in the Windy City and in the lanate West. Charles S. Kessler, who has been for nineteen years connected with the Miami Union Publication Company, Troy, Ohio, has severed his connection with that firm and started in business for himself. He has decided to style his office: “Kessler’s Printery — Sign of the Washington Press.’’ He intends to do the better class of job work. The National Association of Manufacturers has perfected plans for the establishment of an exhibition warehouse for the display of samples of American-made goods in the city of Caracas, Venezuela. The general offices of the company are at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Mr. Theodore C. Search is president. Mr. Rudolph Dolge has spent several months in Venezuela making preliminary arrangements, and is now engaged in the organization of the enterprise. A prospectus has been prepared and rules and regulations of the warehouse arranged, and an examination of these would indicate that the undertaking has been planned upon practical lines. Mr. Dolge takes considerable interest in the printing and advertising business, having had charge of the advertising of Alfred Dolge & Sons for many years, and had in mind the arranging of a complete model print¬ ing office to run in connection with the warehouse, if he receives proper encouragement. The idea would be not to compete with other printers in that city, but simply to have a practical working plant to do such work as was needed by the association, by means of which the various presses, paper cutters and material of American manufacturers could be shown in a more practical way than if simply upon exhibition in a wareroom. It is to be hoped that the type founders and dealers in printers’ materials generally will assist the association in this venture, as business will undoubtedly result if the matter is properly undertaken. NEWSPAPER GOSSIP. Arrangement has been made to add to the interest of this department of The Inland Printer by introducing the feature of criticism as in the other departments of the paper. It is the desire to give to editors the benefit of the opinions and advice of an experienced critic in the mechan¬ ical preparation of newspapers. Publishers and editors of papers desiring to make use of this department will please send their papers marked plainly “for criticism,’’ not later than the first of each month, in order to insure attention in the issue following. The Syracuse (N. Y.) Evening News, after an existence of several years, has suspended publication. F. H. Adams has assumed entire control as editor and manager of the Evening Star, Poughkeepsie, New York. The Bedford (Pa.) Gazette has been receiving compli¬ ments for the complete new dress of type with which it now greets its readers. Change in the management of the Shenandoah (Iowa) Tuesday World has placed Mr. A. S. Bailey in charge of the mechanical department, with E. O. Davys and Ray Oviatt as assistants. The Fishkill Daily Herald, published at Fishkill-on- Hudson, has been purchased by Thomas Pendell, of New¬ burgh, who is an experienced newspaper man, and will improve his plant. Improvements have been made in the equipment of the Washington (Pa.) Daily Reporter, so that hereafter it will be issued as an eight instead of a six column paper, and several editions will be published for the benefit of adjacent towns. The semi-weekly has been changed to a thrice-a- week. Among accessions to the newspaper press of Texas must be noted the Commercial Review, of Graham, devoted to the general interests of the county. The typographical appear¬ ance of ads. and reading matter is clean and attractive. In the collection of curious ads. gathered by the editor of American Stationer is this one, from the Natal Advertiser ; I, Georg-e Downward, who was fined 10s. for being drunk, beg to return thanks to William George Downward for publicly notifying that I am in no way connected with him or his family. The Kenton (Ohio) News-Republican recently issued a special “bicycle edition.’’ It made a very creditable appearance. The bloomer girl and cyclist series of orna¬ ments were used to good advantage on the cover and through the advertisements. The Utica (N. Y.) Daily Union, a penny evening paper started by printers at the time machines were placed in one of the large Utica offices, suspended publication July 26. It was a lively youngster and popular, but lack of capital brought the usual result. The August issue of the Michigan Bulletin, the official paper of the Michigan Press Association, comes out with a new cover and a number of attractive features. The new publisher, Mr. B. G. Lowrey, is to be congratulated upon the appearance of the paper. The Waterloo (Wis.) Democrat has issued an annual that ought to please the citizens of that enterprising city. Publisher P. H. Bolger, who takes a commendable pride in his town, contributes to his patrons this historical and biographical review. About a hundred half-tone cuts are used to illustrate the reading matter. A COMBINATION has been formed in Ohio among a number of the daily and weekly newspapers of the inland towns for the purpose of promoting mutual business interests. This association, which is called “The Select List of Ohio News¬ papers,” among other things keeps its members posted in regard to the terms upon which any paper on the List receives or accepts advertising. On the evening of July 16 the fine building occupied by the Northern Budget, Troy, New York, was with its con¬ tents entirely destroyed by fire, entailing a loss of $50,000. The Budget recently celebrated its one hundredth anniver¬ sary, and the office was equipped with linotype machines and good material. Ex-Senator Charles L. McArthur & Son were the publishers and owners. Mr. J. F. Bixby, editor of the Boone County Blade, of Albion, Nebraska, is proud of his ability to make the ordinary types “ self-spacing,” and Mr. Benton should look to his laurels. He sends to The Inland Printer evidence of his composition of six lines of his paper without any justification of spaces. This marvel in typography has been preserved in the letter as irrefutable evidence to con¬ vince doubting Thomases. The London (Ontario) Daily News makes a handsome showing in its anniversary number. The cover instantly attracts attention by reason of the large and superb three- color half-tone reproduction of an overturned box of straw¬ berries. The ads. on the other cover pages are in blue and red. Besides a full complement of portraits and individual cuts in half-tone, the articles on local history and industries THE INLAND PRINTER. 725 are illustrated with “card basket” groups, artistically arranged. It is a creditable issue. The cosmopolitan character of the reading public of the United States is in no way better gauged than by the state¬ ment issued by the Census Office showing the number of newspapers and periodicals printed in different languages. The total of 17,616 publications reported in the country in 1890 is distributed among the following nationalities: Armenian, 1 ; Bohemian, 25 ; Chinese, 3 ; Choctaw, 1 ; Dutch, 18 ; English, 16,457 ; Finnish, 4 ; French, 49 ; Gaelic, 4 ; German, 820 ; German and Hebrew, 4 ; Hebrew, 6 ; Hungarian, 2 ; Italian, 16 ; Lithuanian, 1 ; Polish, 22 ; Portuguese, 2 ; Scandinavian, 130 ; Slavonic, 2 ; Spanish, 33 ; Volapuk, 3 ; Welsh, 5. The Republican-Times of Ottawa, Illinois, celebrated its fifty-third year by issuing a special local edition in book form of eighty-two pages with a cover printed in two colors. It contains interesting sketches of the early history of the city, accompanied by maps and views of the place as it appeared in 1838 and 1895. Every industry of the city is fittingly represented and illustrated with portraits and half-tone views. It is a very creditable piece of work both typographically and editorially. The special industrial edition of the Pittsfield (Mass.) Evening Eagle covers very comprehensively the flourish¬ ing industries of the Pittsfield and Dalton region. The write-ups are profusely illustrated with half-tone cuts. Among the industries mentioned we observe the Hurlbut Stationery Company, of Pittsfield, and Crane & Co., The Byron Weston Company, and The Old Berkshire Mills Com¬ pany, of Dalton. The full-page ads. of the Dalton firms are enlivened with small half-tones of the exteriors and inte¬ riors of the mills. The Fourth Estate says that it is rumored that the Paris correspondent of the London Times is about to retire from journalism. Mr. Oppert, the real name of this correspond¬ ent, has had a remarkable journalistic career. Born in Bohemia, where he received a scanty education, he went to Berlin and there wrote for various papers some violently anti-Austrian articles. Afterward he went to Paris and contributed strongly anti-German articles to the French papers. At last he became correspondent for the Times. Finding that in France as well as in England “a radical dearly loves a lord,” Mr. Oppert changed his name to De Blowitz, that being the name of his birthplace. An announcement in one of our exchanges, reproduced by The Inland Printer last month, stated that our bright contemporary, the Prison Mirror, had suspended publication. We are pleased to correct this error, and pub¬ lish the facts which led up to the mistake, outlined in the following letter from the editor : To the Editor: Stillwater, Minn., August 7, 1897. I was greatly surprised, upon being shown The Inland Printer for August, to see on page 588 an item stating that the Prison Mirror had sus¬ pended publication for lack of an editor and printers. I have been kept busy the last few weeks explaining how this erroneous statement was originally launched. Some months ago we published an editorial complimenting the newspaper fraternity and printers in general upon the exceedingly small percentage of the craft committed to prison. The paragraph was exten¬ sively quoted and garbled until finally it appeared flatly stating that the Mirror suspended, etc., just about as you have it. We are sending you a few copies of late issues in the hope that you will correct the error, as it will hurt us greatly on account of your large circulation. John Lynch, Editor Prison Mirror. With its issue of August 10, the Prison Mirror, of Stillwater, Minnesota, published in the penitentiary, says : “With this issue the Mirror begins its second decade. August 10, 1887, the first issue of our paper was sent forth. At that time there were two practical printers in the institu¬ tion, one of whom had had considerable experience as a writer, as well as being a good compositor. The subject of an institutional paper was broached to the warden, and he gave the necessary permission. Fifteen of the inmates willingly subscribed enough cash from their good-time earnings to purchase type and the other paraphernalia of a printing office. In a short time the funds advanced by indi¬ vidual inmates was returned to their accounts with interest, the paper thus becoming the general property of the pris¬ oners. Not a single issue has been missed or in any way delayed since Vol. I, No. 1, came from the press.” BUSINESS NOTICES. This department is designed exclusively for business announcements of advertisers and for descriptions of articles, machinery and products recently introduced for the use of printers and the printing trades. Statements published herein do not necessarily voice the opinion of this journal. BATES TYPOGRAPHIC NUMBERING MACHINE. The accompanying cuts illustrate the new Bates typo¬ graphic numbering machine. Model M, designed for the general job printer. The machine has a number of novel features and embodies all the essential require¬ ments for the work in¬ tended. The upper cut shows the machine com¬ plete, the lower ones the inside case with move¬ ment removed. The de¬ vice is made by the Bates Machine Com¬ pany, 35 South Fifth street, Brooklyn, New York. It is a type-high automatic machine, de¬ signed to be locked in the chase with the form, wholly surrounded by type matter or used sep¬ arately when the num¬ ber only is to be printed. Its action is derived from a vertical bodily movement of the figure wheels resulting from the impact of the platen of the press, as an im¬ pression is made. There is no plunger with an arbitrary prefix “No.,” and it is unnecessary to resort to the use of “ friskets ” or to the cut¬ ting of ink rollers. No s p e c i a 1 conditions of any kind are required, but the machine is simply placed in the form like a “ cut,” and is ready for use without further preparation. The construction of this machine provides for the removal of the inside case containing the movement and figure wheels intact (as shown in cut), affording every facility for cleansing without removing any screws or tak¬ ing anything apart. The steel latch A is pressed to the left, releasing the inside case which may be removed with¬ out even unlocking the form, and when replaced the latch automatically locks. A period following the unit wheel is mounted upon a retarding device, the only purpose of which is to prevent the revolving of the figure wheels, until there is clearance between them and the paper. Otherwise it has nothing whatever to do with the operation of the machine, and furnishes proper punctuation. Every part is made of 726 THE INLAND PRINTER. steel and the highest order of mechanical skill is employed in its construction. Each machine is thoroughly tested before shipment, and all are guaranteed in every particular. THE NEW BRIDGE AT NIAGARA FALLS. Early in September the Grand Trunk Railway System will celebrate the opening of the new steel-arch bridge across the Niagara gorge. The ceremonies will be spread over three days, and will include immense displays of fire¬ works. Sir C. Rivers Wilson, president of the road, will act as host, and a large number of leading railroad officials from all parts of the United States and Canada will be present. The formal test of the new structure has just been made with satisfactory results. Two heavy trains, each consisting of eight locomotives and nine loaded coal trucks, moved out on the double track of the bridge from the Cana¬ dian end. The total weight placed on the upper deck was Like many another marvel, this great bridge will soon be only a memory, giving place to the steel-arch structure, shown in the accompanying illustration. This new bridge is no less a remarkable engineering feat than was the old, especially in view of the fact that its entire construction, including the removal of the old structure, is to be accom¬ plished without the suspension of traffic. The engraving gives a good general idea of the bridge and the principles involved in its construction. From abutments on either bank springs a steel arch, spanning the gorge, with its highest point 226 feet above the water. The span between the piers is SSO feet, and a trussed span at each end 115 feet long connects the arch with the bluff. The total length of the bridge with its approaches is over 1,100 feet. It has two decks or floors, the upper one, thirty feet wide, occupied by the double track of the Grand Trunk Railway, the lower comprising a broad carriageway in the center, with trolley tracks each side, and footwalks outside of all, making a GRAND TRUNK NEW SINGLE-ARCH STEEL BRIDGE OVER NIAGARA RIVER. about 2,500 tons, with additional weight in the way of iron, etc., on the lower deck. It was found that with this aggre¬ gate weight the deflection in the center was only about fifteen-sixteenths of an inch. At a signal that the test was a success the sixteen locomotives on the bridge let out a screech which drowned the roar of the falls. At the time of its erection, the suspension bridge was re¬ garded as the climax of engineering skill and daring, and for many years it has been justly regarded as one of the great bridges of the world. It was opened for traffic in 1855, and has therefore done service for more than forty years. The original bridge had wooden trusses suspended on stone towers, and in 1880 the suspended structure was changed to steel, the stone towers giving place to steel six years later. The length of the bridge between towers was 822 feet, and the height of the railroad tracks above the water was 258 feet. total width of fifty-seven feet. The sustaining strength of the structure is enormous, and the doubts and fears which timid passengers could never quite subdue concerning the old bridge are now effectually banished by the solidity of this structure with its six million pounds of steel. The entire bridge was fashioned by the Pennsylvania Bridge Company, in their shops at Steelton, Pennsylvania, and shipped in sections, the ribs of the main arch being in twenty-five-ton sections. Its cost was $500,000. A TYPE-CLEANING BRUSH. A newly patented, moist bristle brush, designed espe¬ cially for printers, has just been put upon the market. It is guaranteed to wear from one to two years, and costs but 75 cents. Sent free by mail on receipt of the price by the Delete Chemical Company, 126 William street, New York. THE INLAND PRINTER. 727 EVERY WANT SATISFIED. Hitherto the publisher and those he employed to handle it have been the slaves of the mailing machine. Many a man has got up from a bed of sickness because no one else could run that refractory mailer. Mailers and trouble seemed naturally to go hand in hand. The Horton mailer is the best for the expert because it enables him to beat his record ; it is the best for everybody because the inexpert can make good time on it when the expert is on a vacation. The following communication from the Palmer Journal nar¬ rates an experience which hundreds of users of the Horton have gone through. It will pay you to throw away the bothersome old-style mailer, no matter how much it cost. PALMER, MASS. C. B. FISKE & CO., Proprietors. August 9, 1897. . As you doubtless learned from our Mr. Wilder, we are more than pleased with the Horton mailer. The first week we had it a young girl who had never handled any mailer or had any experience in the handling of papers was put at work on it in an emergency, and had no trouble in attaining a good rate of speed in addressing pamphlets. Our other mailing machine is laid on the shelf, and it is safe to say will not be taken out until some acci¬ dent happens to the Horton, or we need to run both at one time. Respectfully, Louis E. Chandler. [From the Palmer Jour/ial, July 30, 1897.] The J our 7ia I office has used a Horton Mailer exclusively during- the past six months and finds it unusually satisfactory in every way. The foreman, J. L. Wilder, a veteran in the printing business, had used a Dick mailer for the last twenty years, and it was with reluctance that he consented to give the Horton a trial. One publication day he tried it and was surprised at the ease and rapidity with which it worked, and now thinks it is superior to all others. The Horton mailer is for sale at all the branches of the American Type Founders’ Company. The price is $20 net. Send for circular. NATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE INSTITUTE. The great educator of the nineteenth century is the press. To a very great extent it supplies the place of the school, the college and the university. But this great educator pre¬ supposes a certain degree of scholastic preparation, and the more extensive this preparation the better. One of the late methods of instruction is by correspondence. The National Correspondence Institute, Washington, D. C., gives this kind of instruction, and has been improving its methods by a careful examination of the processes of other institu¬ tions of the same kind and by its own experience for a num¬ ber of years. As a result it employs the latest up-to-date forms, and may be relied upon. THE PERFECTION TYPE CASE. It is the very simplicity of the Perfection type case which makes it such a practical labor-saving device in the hands of the printer. Without altering the “ lay ” of the case the inventor has brought the much-used spaces and points directly in the center of the case and near the “stick hand ’’ — an arrangement which results in a really surpris¬ ing amount of saving of time in composition. Costing about the same as the ordinary case, the Perfection is a real necessity to the printer, whose profits are mostly gained nowadays by careful attention to saving in small things. It is a labor saver in every sense of the word, and well worthy the attention of anyone anticipating the purchase of type cases, whether they be news or job cases. The advantages as a job case are doubly apparent, from the very fact that the instant the case is drawn from the cabinet or rack easy access is had to all spaces and quads, and thin spacing and justification is made possible without the necessity of the awkward position of resting the case on the knee, or possibly dropping it on the floor. HARRIS AUTOMATIC CARD AND ENVELOPE PRESS. Prom 5,000 to 12,000 impressions an hour on envelopes, tags and card stock, can be run on this press. It will do as good work as any press made, and will accomplish from five to ten times as much in the same time. The Government Printing Office saved the cost of two machines within three months last fall. Tags are printed in gangs, 250,000 a day on it. One concern made nine forms ready and printed 51,000 envelopes in nine hours on it. Another says: “It is the most profitable machine in our establishment.” It prints envelopes made up, better than “ in the flat,” and saves your type. Place your order early if you want to be ready for fall business. Send for particulars and prices to Prank Barhydt, special agent for Chicago and vicinity, 1014 Monadnock block, Chicago. WHY BE BOTHERED? The introduction of the Economy Wrapper Paster has made pleasant the hitherto sloppy, disagreeable task of wrapping pamphlets, newspapers, books, circulars, etc. It is a self-pasting device, and holds any num¬ ber of sheets up to 400. You draw out the top sheet from under the paster, and do your wrapping right on the pile. It is a cleanly, space¬ saving and quick process ; a wrapper will save its cost in a very short time. You don’t have to spread all over your room to mail a few hundred papers. Di¬ rections on every paster. A child can run it. It is “ the thing” for tipping in in books or cata¬ logues. Prices : 10 inches wide, $4 ; 14 inches wide, $4.50 ; 16 inches wide, $5. For sale at all branches and agen¬ cies of the American Type Founders’ Company. Dealers may procure them at any branch. A SAMPLE EXPERIENCE. Chicago Great Western Railway — Printing Office. CHARLES A. STICKNEY, SUPERINTENDENT PRINTING. St. Paul, Minn., April 20, 1897. American Type Foimders' Company : Dear Sirs,— In answer to your letter of April 13 about the “Economy Wrapper Paster.” We have just finished wrapping- an edition of fifteen thousand tariffs, 12 by 18 inches — 28 pages. These tariffs were being wrap¬ ped at the rate of 250 per hour with a brush, while with the aid of your paster this was increased to 400 per hour. In every way I think it far ahead of a brush. Yours truly, Charles A. Stickney. 728 THE INLAND PRINTER. "KING OF THE DIGITS/' Among labor-saving achievements must be recorded the adaptation of the numbering machine to use in the ordinary printing press. Hitherto a somewhat complicated special power machine, with an operator for each set of figures, has been deemed essential. But this was a slow and tedious way to work up sheets requiring consecutive numbers in placed separately in special frames on the bed of the print¬ ing press. The type and the figures in consecutive order are printed simultaneously, and the job is done when it comes off the press. The laws of mathematical progres¬ sion, by means of this ingenious little device, can be manip¬ ulated by the printer with comfort and ease. He can plant rows of moving figures, each running as high as a million, in the midst of inert type and secure numerical combi¬ nations surprising in their extent and rapidity. This is the “King of the Digits,” more widely known as the Wetter Numbering Machine. The factory at No. 22-24 Morton street, Brooklyn, where these interesting little contrivances are turned out, is illus¬ trated by the cuts here shown, although they furnish a somewhat inadequate view of parts of the interior. The “King of the Digits ” has been placed on his throne and kept there through the untiring efforts of Mr. William Wenz, the young but ener¬ getic manager of the Joseph Wetter Com¬ pany. Mr. Wenz commenced at the bot¬ tom of the ladder and has gone through each successive step in the business, so that he is now well equipped to exercise the principal executive function. He has been manager since 1893 and possesses the complete confidence of his firm. Eight thousand machines have been sold since he has been in charge as against 3,000 sold during the preceding three years. This is abundant evidence of the success of his methods in making a good article and placing it on the market. Indeed, it would be difficult to find a ticket printer in the -country not equipped with them. The United States Bureau of Engraving, and dozens of bank note companies are among the larger and most constant pur¬ chasers. Their use is also becoming ex¬ tensive in foreign offices. The striking testimonials received from the heads of the national printing plants of Germany, Mexico, South Africa and elsewhere show in what good repute the machines are held abroad. Printers everywhere have come to recognize the Wetter as a standard article of equipment, as indispensable as it is money-making. Another View in the Wetter Factory. half-a-dozen places. A simple and more expeditious method was needed. And it came. Into a little box of steel, just type high, were packed the figure wheels, with all their attachments, weighing but three ounces. Five, ten, or as many of these boxes as are wanted can be locked up in the form with the type, and be placed in any desired position. Or a row of them can be The passenger department of the Grand Trunk Railway system has just issued an attractive pamphlet of eighty pages, giv¬ ing pen and camera pictures of the scenery reached by that system and its connec¬ tions, including Niagara Falls, the Thou¬ sand Islands, rapids of the St. Lawrence, Montreal, Quebec, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay, Muskoka Lakes, Adirondacks, Lake St. John, Mackinac Island, Midland Dis¬ trict Lakes, the White Mountains, the Saguenay River, Rangeley Lakes and the Seashore. A complete map of the entire system and its connections, and also a map show¬ ing the route of the steamers of the Richelieu & Ontario Navigation Company between Kingston and Montreal, is included in the pamphlet. The Grand Trunk system oper¬ ates under one management 4,300 miles of track, and is THE INLAND PRINTER. 729 one of the largest railway companies in the world. Its lines extend from Chicago, Illinois, to Portland, Maine, with branches and connections to all of the points above mentioned and many other important places. Through trains for the East pass through the St. Clair tunnel beneath the St. Clair river, connecting Port Huron, Michigan, with Sarnia,"^ Ontario. This tunnel is two miles in length and is a marvel of engineering skill ; its cost was $2,700,000. It is impossible in a notice of this kind to refer particularly to the numerous attractions to be found on the line of this rail¬ way ; these are so fully described and illustrated in the pamphlet referred to that we can only ask those interested to send for one. They may be obtained from any of the district traveling or ticket agents of the railway, or of E. H. Hughes, Assistant General Passenger and Ticket Agent, Chicago. An examination of this work will certainly con¬ vince the intending tourist that the Grand Trunk is the line to take when planning for a trip east. SPECIAL EXCURSIONS FOR HOMESEEKERS. On September 7 and 21, and October 5 and 19, the Chi¬ cago, Milwaukee & St. Paul will sell round-trip excursion tickets from Chicago to a great many points in the Western, Southwestern and Northwestern States, both on its own line and elsewhere, at greatly reduced rates. Details as to rates, routes, etc., may be obtained on application to ticket agent, 95 Adams street, Chicago. SOCIETY ADDRESS CARDS. Milton H. Smith, publisher of society address cards, 106 Mill street, Rochester, New York, begs to inform the trade that all who have not received his 1896 and 1897 catalogue can have it mailed upon application. Mr. Smith issues the finest lines of embossed designs in the country ; his society address cards are tasty in design, elegantly colored and perfectly embossed. No better line can be found anywhere. Write him for information. THE HARRIS PRESS IN NEW YORK. The Harris Automatic Press Company will exhibit sev¬ eral of their automatic printing machines on the main floor at the coming fair of the American Institute, Madison Square Garden, New York, September 20 to November 3. The press shown by this company at last year’s fair drew the crowd on the floor whenever it was in operation, and was decidedly the novelty of the fair. The company prom¬ ises a still more attractive exhibit this year, and Mr. A. F. Harris, who will be in charge, invites all printers to call. SEYBOLD "DUPLEX" TRIMMER. The list of record-breaking machines has again been added to by a unique and swift mechanism. The “ Duplex ’’ Trimmer, as its name implies, has two knives instead of one, so that two edges are trimmed at each stroke. Two piles of work 6 inches high, from 2>^ by 5 to 12 by 16 inches, are trimmed at once even on the largest sizes. The unique feature of the back gauge and the automatic clamp facilitate extremely rapid work. Its powerful build shows that it is a safe machine to buy, and it is an easy and safe machine for the operator. The enormous records it has made in a number of the leading offices give it a unique place among earning tools. We learn that the company has orders for them in excess of its capacity to turn them out. A VALUABLE LITTLE BINDER. This little $3 staple binder will bind through }^-inch of paper down to two sheets. It holds 100 staples at a charge and works without any trouble, as the staples can¬ not clog. Staples are sold in boxes containing 5,000 for $1.25 per box. No. 23, flat, 14^-inch; No. 24, flat, yVi*^ch. The name of the binder is Sure Shot No. 1. It is for sale at all branches of the American Type Founders’ Company. See page 734 for more expensive staple binders. SIMPLE BLOCKING PROCESS. Bill-heads, note-heads, statements, memos and many other products of the press can be blocked at a slight expense with Golding’s Elastine Tablet Gum (colors ; red, blue, green, silver, cream and colorless), and the neatness of work delivered in this form will command a better price than could be otherwise obtained. Put up in air-tight tin cans and melts easily. If your dealer does not carry it, order from Golding & Co., Boston, New York, Philadelphia or Chicago. OF INTEREST TO ARTISTS. Milton H. Smith, publisher of society address cards, 106 Mill street, Rochester, New York, announces that he desires to procure original designs suitable for embossing Knights Templar and Nobles of the Mystic Shrine address cards, and will pay from $5 to $10 each for those accepted. Pull particulars will be sent on request. Artists and designers are requested to correspond at once with Mr. Smith. He is after something original, and asks the cooperation of artists to this end. THE BROWN & CARVER CUTTER. We are advised by the Oswego Machine Works that increasing business has necessitated more floor space in their shops at Oswego, New York, and that they have recently enlarged their main building and erected new offices into which they have just moved. This is an indica¬ tion of the growing popularity of the Brown & Carver paper-cutting machines. Messrs. Leslie & McAfee, paper dealers, Minneapolis, Minnesota, have just placed an order for one of the newest “ Brown & Carver’s,’’ through the Chicago agent of the firm, Mr. J. M. Ives. 730 THE INLAND PRINTER. ECONOMY FOR PRINTERS. up by their patrons from their books showing- bive difference in the quantity of the two articles be read by every printer j THE ORIENT. in the world felt more and more. This idea is si by being- shown through the line of choice papers t pose the stock of Lionel Moses, No. 25 South street, New York City. The watermark feature is new with the Japs, “RK” (Rudyard Kipling) quality being I, which includes a large variety of fine print- transfer paper for lithographers, copying papers, etc., would do well to give him a call or drop a line WANT ADVERTISEMENTS. EMBOSSING FROM ZINC PLATES, by J. L. Melton, a POR THE PRINTER— "Percentagre and Piecework”; 100 THE INLAND PRINTER. 731 SITUATIONS WANTED. MISCELLANEOUS. pOREMANSHIP or superintendency by man thoroughly r understanding the printing business; also fine embossing, color work, and hot or cold leaf and bronze work; acquainted with paper stock, esti¬ mating, etc.; best of references. A. W. MICHENER, 324 West Madison street, Chicago. ALBERT HALLETT PROCESS for perfectly imitating ■A. typewriter letters — embraces basic principle of typewriter, therefore other methods are spurious. Fully protected by valid U. S. patents. Exclu¬ sive perpetual rights granted. ALBERT HALLETT, Boston, Mass. IF YOJJ DESIRE a foreman, and can pay $28 a week for * a practical book and job printer, who can estimate on work, and in fact look after every detail from office to workroom, address “ V 13,” Inland Printer. A LL-COPIED EFFECT assimilated typewriter letters are A- produced by the Adamson process. Exclusive city rights backed by all the patents. On the lease or royalty plan. Send for circulars and samples of the work. ADAMSON TYPEWRITER PRESS CO., Muncie, Ind. lOBROOM FOREMAN— First-class and up-to-date, open “J for engagement with an A1 house; $25 per week. “V 22,” Inland Printer. ALL PRINTERS not already supplied should send for Ca catalogue containing over 5,000 specimens of business and society cuts, headings, borders, etc. C. J. PETERS & SON, 145 High st., Boston, Mass. MARRIED MAN of thirty desires a position as foreman ‘ or superintendent of printing plant, either news or job; capable of taking full charge; member of Buffalo Typothetre. Address, with partic¬ ulars, “ SUPERINTENDENT,” care American Type Founders’ Company, Buffalo, N. y. pHALK ENGRAVING PLATES— We make the “Bell” ^ standard plates. Positively no infringement. Anti-monopoly prices; ask us about them. Old plates recoated, cent an inch. THE HIRD MANUFACTURING CO., Cleveland, Ohio. pHALK PLATES RECOATED, only cent an inch. V-" No infringement of patent. Write for our latest circular, giving dis¬ counts, etc. BYRON POPE & CO., Cleveland, Ohio. DRESSMAN wants situation ; expert on halMone and I bookwork; capable of taking charge; best reference. “V 18,” Inland Printer. TYO you wish to convert your accounts into cash ? We have Fa the plan. Write us, stating the amount. If arrangements are satis¬ factory, you pay for our services after the money is collected. “ V 29,” Inland Printer. PROOFREADER — Experienced, reliable, sober, industri- E ous, seeks steady situation. “V 19,” Inland Printer. CUPERINTENDENCY or foremanship, by one who thor- O oughly understands the printing business; accustomed to handling men, estimating, etc.; references. “V 26,” Inland Printer. CINEST views of capitol city, and elsewhere, in stock, or 1 taken on order. MYERS, 1337 Pennsylvania avenue,Washington, D. C. WANTED — Position as operator or justifier on Thorne typesetting machine, by an experienced man; or as foreman in an ordinary sized printing office. A. T. WHITE, Ada, Mich. I EADING photo-engravers send their silver waste to E. F- R. MYERS, 326 South street, Newark, N. J. Send for tags. pOTTER JOB STEREOTYPING OUTFIT — Practical, F easy to operate, process entirely new, type always cold, designed for large job offices. It does the work and is a money maker. Book free. B. F. CURTIS, general selling agent, 150 Worth street. New York. WANTED — Position by all-round printer of fifteen years’ ’’ experience; capable of taking charge; married; references. ‘‘V 20,” Inland Printer. ANTED — Steady situation by an A 1 job and ad. man of 10 years’ experience; not union, but eligible; will go any place; mar¬ ried; total abstainer from intoxicants; will work for union scale; good ref¬ erences; work has been favorably commented on in this journal; state scale paid. B. S. McKIDDY, Princeton, Mo. CTEREOTYPE OUTFITS for both Papier-mach4 and “A Simplex methods. The latter produces plates as sharp and smooth as electros, requires no pasting of tissue and no beating with the brush; cast¬ ing box 6% by 12 inches; outfit for both methods, $15. Also, White-on- Black and Qranotype Engraving Processes ; plates cast like stereotypes from drawings made on cardboard. The easiest of all engraving processes; $5 for both, including material. Book explaining all of above sent on receipt of $1. Circulars and samples for stamps. HENRY KAHRS, 240 East Thirty -third street. New York. BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES. COR SALE — First-class engraving plant, for cash only ; * about $2,500; do not answer unless you have the cash. “V 28,” In¬ land Printer. "THE TYPEWRITER PRESS — A money-making specialty. * ADAMSON TYPEWRITER PRESS CO., Muncie, Ind. COR SALE — In prosperous Denver, Colorado, at a great ^ sacrifice, on account of ill-health, complete book and job office; cylinder and platen presses; music type, modern job faces. All in first-class condi¬ tion. Established custom. “V 21,” Inland Printer. PfInfSnn' ^ complete and practical course in newspaper and job rnniing composition, including also instruction on the Mergen- ThnrnilO’hlv t^aler Linotype machine, is provided for young men de- 1 llUrUUgUI^ siring to learn printing. The course in newspaper work TjHIvht includes plain composition, tabular work, setting adver- tisements, cutting and mitering rules, making up, justi¬ fying and locking up forms. The instruction in jobwork comprises all kinds of mercantile printing. Terms moderate. Catalogue containing full partic¬ ulars mailed free on application. Address NEW YORK TRADE SCHOOL, First avenue. Sixty-seventh and Sixty-eighth streets. New York. INVESTORS — Have invented and received letters patent * on an iron block for registering fine work without unlocking form or remov¬ ing same from bed of press. Plates can be removed for underlaying, etc., then replaced without disturbing register. Some orders already taken from model. I want some one with capital or facilities for manufacture of same. Large profits assured. C. H. FORSMAN, Fifty-ninth street and Seventh avenue, Brooklyn. PROSPEROUS JOB OFFICE in New England will be F sold because owner has other interests; plenty of work at all seasons. “V 17,” Inland Printer. PRINTERS, ATTENTION !— Job office for sale in city of F 15,000 inhabitants in central part of New York State; leading trade of the city; up-to-date; everything new; great chance for anyone who ex¬ pects to go in printing business. Cheap. “UP-TO-DATE JOB OFFICE,” Inland Printer. Any name engraved in this style, size suitable for business card or letter¬ head, with embossing die to match, and' sample of Burbank’s Embossing Composition, all for S2.75; sent prepaid anywhere in United States for 25 cents additional. BURBANK ENGRAVING COMPANY, 683 Washing¬ ton street, Boston. l^ANTED — To lease, with right of purchase, daily or ’’ weekly newspaper in growing Southern town. “V 23,” Inland Printer. R4RG/3IN TO HIQHEST BIDDER ! EMPIRE MACHINE Plant was installed for the work on a high-class magazine which was later sold to a publisher already equipped with labor-saving machinery. Is very little used and good as new. Will erect in running order. Address ISAAC H. BLANCHARD & CO., 241 West Broadway, NEW YORK. AAA CASH buys half-interest in established Station- tjPT:* V U U ery and Specialty Printing Business in good town on western trunk line; does business over several hundred miles of territory; catalogue of one specialty mailed to those who mean business. “V 10,” Inland Printer. MISCELLANEOUS. A NYBODY CAN MAKE CUTS with my simple transfer- •A ring and etching process. Nice cuts, from prints, drawings or photos, are easily and quickly made by the unskillful, on common sheet zinc. Cost very trifling. Price of process $1. Nothing held back to pull more money from you. All material costs, at any drug store, about 75 cents. It is no fake. I have a barrel of unsolicited testimonial letters; intelligent boys make good cuts right in the beginning. Circulars for stamps. Simple and costless embossing process included free. THOS. M. DAY & SON, Hagers¬ town, Ind. CHARLES L. STURTEVANT, ATTORNEY AT LAW. United States and Foreign Patents, Trade-Marks and Copyrights, Searches, Investigations and Litigation. Patent business exclusively. Offices: ATLANTIC BLDG. WASHINGTON, D. C. Simplest, Quickest and Cheapest Process of Engraving. Practically Infallible. Out" fits, $15 up. Catalogue of stereotyping machinery, proofs, etc., free. Hoke Engraving Plate Co., St. Louis. 732 THE INLAND PRINTER. JUST A LITTLE COURAGE! You remember the tramp who heard the dog growl and then saw that he was wagging his tail. Yet he didn’t dare to go ahead; he said he didn’t know which end to believe. Scores of printers are in this dilemma now. They hear the dull growl of the hard times dying away in the distance, and then they read this statement from ns : The way to make money today is to invest in a Cottrell Flat Bed Perfecting Press. No more pressroom space needed, but double your present product in one-third the time and at one-fourth the cost. They hesitate ! It’s an absolutely sure thing, but — if only they didn’t hear that dis¬ tant thunder ! Now, let us say a word. There are half a dozen ways to miss an opportunity ; there is only one way to secure it. That way is to seize it ! The price you must pay for this oppor¬ tunity is a little courage. Have you ever stopped to think what makes one merchant successful and another unsuccessful ? Nearly every mistake may be traced to fear. Two-thirds of the business successes of printers are founded on a little effort and — COURAGE ! C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. 41 Park Row, NEW YORK. 297 Dearborn Street, Chicago. CHAS. ENEU JOHNSON & COMPANY, Philadelphia New York ■■'"“"‘•"VSr Qhai'T^s ^ns'J Johnson ^ Qonnpany Chicago San Francisco THE INLAND PRINTER. 733 JAPANESE PRINTING AND COPYING PAPERS, JAPANESE PAPER NAPKINS. CHINESE PRINTING AND COLORED PAPERS, Gold, Red, Etc. Samples on application. LIONEL MOSES, importer, 25-27 South William Street, New York. .OXJTY Electro-Gasoline Engine 3 to 50 H. r. “ mum PIIIGPIKES 123456. NEW MODELS, 1897. NO PREFIX, NO PLUNGER. Perfect in Design and Construction. FAULTLESS PRINTING. The BATES machine Co. 35 & 37 S. Sth St., Brooklyn, N.V. ST. LOUIS PHOTO-£NGRAVING(g. (OR. 4™ & PINE STS. LO U 1 5. A? Gasoline Engines The Most Reliable and Cheapest for Printers. No Enjlaetr; no attention required. Catalogue free. THE VAN DUZEN GASOLINE ENGINE CO., Cincinnati, Ohio. PRESSES We Advertise only Stock in our Wareroom. 42x60 Campbell Two-Revolution, four-roller, table distribu¬ tion, job and book . xS6 Campbell Two-Revolution, four-roller, table distribu¬ tion, job and book . 37 X 52 Hoe Two-Revolution, four-roller, table distribution . 54 Taylor Three-Revolution, air springs, tape delivery _ 35 X 51 Hoe Drum Cylinder, four-roller, table distribution, wire springs and tape delivery . 32 X 46 Six-column Quarto Hoe Drum, two-roller, wire springs, tape delivery . 32x43 Country Campbell . 34x48 Potter Stop Cylinder . 24x29 Hoe Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape delivery, rack 17 X 22 Potter Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tapeless delivery, 23x28 Taylor Drum Cylinder, wire springs, tape delivery . 16x21 Hoe Pony Drum Cylinder, tapeless delivery, wire springs, rack and screw distribution . MISCBUbANY. Special. — Johnston Steel Die Power Stamper, wiper, with patent ink-saving attachmeni 109 _ Seven-column Quarto Kendall Folding K .chine, with paster Full Line of New 0. S. Gordon Presses at manufacturers’ prices. Should you be in need of anything not listed here, write us, for our stock is constantly changing and increasing. We are doing business for your benefit as well as for our own. Favor us and get fair, honest and money¬ saving treatment. Our storeroom is ample for display of machinery. All of our secondhand machinery is thoroughly and carefully rebuilt and fully guaranteed. H. BRONSON. Bronco Printers’ Machinery Pres’t and Cen’l Mgr. aHO WaretlOUSe CO., 48 and 50 North Clinton St., CflICflGO. thorough Instructor r ANY books come and g-o in a zig'-zag’, uncertain way, but there is one which, like Tennyson’s brook, keeps rig-ht on g-athering- streng-th day by day. This book is “ Hints on Imposition,” a hand-book for printers, by T. B. Williams. Every pag-e is replete with information for journeyman printer and apprentice. Nothing’ pertaining- to the imposition of book forms has been overlooked by the author. The book is a thoroug-h in¬ structor, and as such has become very popular. An important feature of the book is the concise manner in which it deals with the work. The folded sheet and the imposed form are placed side by side in every instance, and directions are g-iven for “making-” the marg-ins. Pag-es of unequal size in the form are fully dealt with, as also all other matters in connection with the work. This book should be in the hands of every printer, and no apprentice can afford to be without it. THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY, Price, leather, $1.00. Sent postpaid on receipt of price. 212=214 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. ISO Nassau Street, NEW YORK. 734 THE INLAND PRINTER. BIG SALES necessitati biq ORDERS Here is a picture taken from a photograph of thirty 2% horse-power HERCULES GAS ENGINES ordered by and shipped in two carloads to the (Zbicado and $t Coui$ Branches Jlinericaii type founders’ €0. These Engines are for sale by all Branches of the American Type Founders’ Co. and are kept in stock in Chicago and St. Louis. t1ERGUl>E© “Special” Gas or Gasoline Engine, 2V2 horse -power, is designed for and meets all the requirements of the printer. Other sizes from 2 to 200 horse-power are made. They combine simplicity, economical consumption of gas, reliability, with A 1 construction and all up-to-date improvements. NO TROUBLE HERE — and that is an entirely novel feature in Staple Binders . Hcmc Staple Binders do everything the old-style Staple Binders will, and do it better; besides which they cannot clog, and there is ample room for putting in and taking out between driver and bed, which cannot be said of the old- style binders. ACME STAPLE BINDER No. 6 (see illustration herewith)-capacity K inch on all kinds of paper; flat or round staples; holds 250 staples; has inde- ACME STAPLE BINDER No. 4 (in preparation )— capacity M inch on ordinary papers; uses round, fine staples only; holds 250 staples; mounted nr, with trpaHlp. _ _ _ . ACME STAPLE BINDER No. 1— capacity inch; uses flat staples ; holds 100 staples; operated by lever . General Setting Agents.,., AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS’ COMPANY SEND FOR DESCRIPTIVE CIRCULAR TO NEAREST BRANCH. THE INLAND PRINTER. 735 TT! KING OF JOB PRESSES New Style. New Prices. O j f ^ Illustrated here for the first time, ^ intermediate between Styles J • and 3. It has a steel segment let into the gear at the point where the strain of the impression comes. The steel impression-adjuster bar is controlled by a long bar handle with two latches instead of the single handle and single latch. It is the most powerful platen press made and sold for the price. The New Gaily Universal, Style 2, with Brake and Belt Shifter. Prices of Complete ilnioersal Presses. Subject to Liberal Discounts. SIZES. STYLE ONE. STYLE TWO. STYLE THREE. JO X J5 Indies Inside chase, J3 X J9 " J4x22 " $350.00 450.00 5 J 5.00 $500.00 575.00 $450.00 600.00 650.00 Value and effectiveness considered^ these are the most economical job printing presses^ They are thorough— -their work is thorough^ This is the only type of platen press which gives perfect results on all grades of printings and is indispensable to those who do highest grade of work* Send for Illustrated Price List and Catalogue to the nearest Branch of the American Type Founders Company. BOSTON, 150 Congress Street. NEW YORK, Rose and Duane Streets. PHILADELPHIA, 606-614 Sansom Si. BALTIMORE, Frederick and Water Sts. BUFFALO, 83 ElUcoti Street. PITTSBURG, 323 Third Avenue. CHICAGO, 139-141 Monroe Street. ST. LOUIS, Fourth and Elm Streets. CLEVELAND, St. Clair and Ontario Sts. CINCINNATI, 7-13 Longmorth Street. MILWA UKEE, 376 Mihuaukee Street. MINNEAPOLIS, 24-26 First Street, South. KANSAS CITY, 533 Delavoare Street. DENVER, 1616 Blake Street. SAN FRANCISCO, 405 Sansome Street. PORTLAND, Second and Stark Streets. THE INLAND PRINTER. - rOR SALE BY— The Orescent Type Company 346 and 348 Dearborn Street, GHIGAGO. G. B. ROLEAU, Manager. CYLINDER PRESSES. 42x60 Cottrell & Babcock; two-revo¬ lution, four rollers, air springs. 41x60 Campbell; two-revolution, four rollers, table distribution. 33x48 Miehle ; two-revolution, two rollers, tapeless delivery, rack and screw, trip and brake. 32x46 Six-Column Quarto Hoe Drum Cylinder; wire springs, two rollers tape delivery. 32x46 Country Campbell; two rollers, tape delivery, table distribution. 19x2u5 American Cylinder; two rollers, tapeless delivery, cylinder distri¬ bution. JOB PRESSES. 13x19 Universal, with steam fixtures. 12x17 New Style Nonpareil; receding bed, side steam fixtures. 14x17 Day Jobber, for hand power, 11x16 Peerless, throw-off and side steam fixtures. 10x15 Universal, with fountain and side steam fixtures. | 10x15 Shniedewend & Dee Gordon; throw-off. 10x15 Standard Jobber, with throw-off and side steam fixtures. 10x15 Old Style Gordon. 10x15 Old Style Gordon, with side steam fixtures. 10x15 Star Jobber. 9x13 O. K. Kelsey Jobber. 8x12 Shniedewend & Lee Gordon; throw-off and side steam fixtures. 7x11 Old Style Gordon. 7x11 Pearl, iron stand. 5x8 Pearl, iron stand. 5x8 Pearl, wood stand. HAND PRESSES. 8-Column Washington Hand Press. 7-Column Washington Hand Press. 6-Column Washington Hand Press. ENGINES. 0A6 OR GASOLINE. 10-Horse Power Lewis, for gas. 6-Horse Power Hercules, gas or gaso¬ line; used only six months. 5- Horse Power Otto, gas or gasoline. 4-Horse Power Van Duzen, gas or gasoline. 2-Horse Power Hercules, gas or gaso¬ line. EOLDERS. 6- Column Quarto Lloyd Folding Ma¬ chine, for three or four folds. 6-Column Quarto Bascom Folder. CARD GUTTERS. 30-Inch Rotary Card Cutter. 26-Inch Ruggles Rotary Card Cutter. 12-Inch Elm City Card Cutter. PAPER GUTTERS. 48-Inch Dooley Power Cutter. 36-Inch Feister Coronet Power Cutter. 36-Inch Sheridan ‘ ‘ Empire State ’ ’ Power Cutter; two knives. 2S-Inch Semple Book Trimmer, with two knives. 30-Inch Sanborn “Printers’” Lever Cutter. 30-Inch Rival Lever Cutter. 22^-Inch Sanborn “Herd” Lever Cut¬ ter. 22^-Inch Paragon Lever Cutter. MISGELLANEOUS. No. 3 Donnell Wire Stitcher. No. 30 Foot-Power Wire Stitcher, capacity 3-16 flat or saddle-back; nearly new. McFatrich Mailer, with 15 galleys. 2-Horse Power Climax Water Motor. No. 10 Chicago Water Motor. 12x24 Stereo Outfit, complete. 11x21 Surguy Stereo Outfit. 9x27 Proof Press, iron stand. Reliance Proof Press. Economic Proof Press. Lightning Staple Binder, with foot- power attachment. Lightning Staple Binder. Hoe Horizontal Mitering Machine. Little Giant Lead and Rule Cutter. Golding Rule Curving Machine. A large lot of chases, all sizes, at 6 cents per pound. A LARGE QUANTITY OF GOOD SECONDHAND DISPLAY AND BODY TYPE, GASES, STANDS, IMPOSING STONES, ETG., AT LOWEST PRICES. The above machinery has been thoroughly overhauled, put in first-class condition and is nearly good as new. Correspondence solicited. When in the city make our office your headquarters and we will help you save money. THE INLAND PRINTER 737 George E. Sanborn 347 and 349 Dearborn Street CHICAGO The STANDARD MACHINERY CO. Successors to QEORQE H. SANBORN & SONS MANUFACTURERS OF Paper Cutting Machines and Machinery for Bookbinders and Printers F. L. MONTAGUE, Eastern Agent, 30 Reade St., New York. ALSO F. L. MONTAGUE & CO., New York MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN Elliott Thread Stitching and Tying Machine Wire Stitching Machines and Wire Paper Folding Machines Paging and Numbering Machines Ruling Machines, Signature Presses Paper Box Machinery, Etc. L.OPSG DISTANCE TBEEPMONB, “ HARRISON 541.” 738 THE INLAND PRINTER. Cb( Superioriiv of tbo Bed IHoveiitent ’«sEP<»ns, It is so simple — the pressman need study nothing about it except the location of the oil holes it does the work. It is constantly in gear — no sudden entrance of gears before they operate— no slides— no springs — it works by simple, connected gearing. It is long tried and durable as to those fea¬ tures which carry the bed backward and forward. The speed gears — two elliptical broad -faced gears (see cut) — form the sole novelty of the movement, and these we have tested and know all about. It is smoother and slower over centers — by great odds smoother than any other — 40 per cent less strain around ends. We guarantee the swiftest, smoothest and most durable Bed Movement extant. ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ THE FOLLOWING SIZES ARE NOW ON THE MARKET: No. 000 — 4-Roller, Bed 45 x 62, Type 40 x 58, Speed 1,620 No. I — 4-Roller, Bed 35 x 47, Type 30x44, Speed 2,040 No. 2 — 4-Roller, Bed 29 x 42, Type 25 x 38, Speed 2,200 No. 3 — 2-Roller, Bed 27 x 40, Type 23 x 36, Speed 2,600 No. 5 — 2-Roller, Bed 27 x 31, Type 22 x 28, Speed 3,000 Ready for delivery July 15 — No. o, 4-Roller, Bed 39 x 52, Type 34 x 48, Speed 1,920. new OVER ALL OTHER NEW MOVEMENTS 132 Times Building, New York. 10 Mason Building, Boston. T06 Fisher Building, Chicago. Cl)c Wbiflock i»acbiiie Companp. THE INLAND PRINTER. 739 740 THE INLAND PRINTER. BRANCH 0m0C6 NEWYoRK. CHICAGO & CINCINNATI. The EMMERICH (Guaranteed output of 2000 sheets or more per hour. Capacity of large sizes limited only by speed of the printing press. Cmitiericl) $f UonaerUbr, 191 and 19^ mortb $t. Vofk Special Machines for Photographic Mounts and Cards, Embossing Machines, etc. f % % Everywhere ! The Otto 6as tnoine OF TODAY, IS THE RESULT OF OVER TWENTY-FIVE YEARS' EXPERIENCE IN THIS FIELD. NO BOILER, NO STEAM, NO COAL, NO ASHES, NO GAUGES, NO ENGINEER, NO DANGER. Oven 4S,000 in Use I sizes: 1 TO 260 HORSE-POWER. THE OTTO QAS ENGINE WORKS, (INCORPORATED) Cor. 33d and Walnut 5ts., PHILADELPHIA. PAPER RUTTING MACHINE. Specialiti/ since 1855. MACHINERY FOR THE WHOLE PAPER INDUSTRY. Over 800 Hands. ^ YEARLY PRODUCTION: 3,700 MACHINES- AGa S2.5 950 1,050 1,150 1,250 1,400 1,500J l,(>00l. 1,950 ' 2,275 950 1,075 SO 6 103 340 305 17 0 155 100 8 0 110 4 10 4 10 4 15 4 15 2,400 120 0 S 4,900 I245 0l 500 ,'25 0| 200 |10 O! Prices are understood for delivery at niy works — Leipzig — and include 2 knives of best quality, 2 cutting sticks, spanner and oil can. I’acking cases extra. For quotation — delivery free domicile — plea.se apply direct to iny sole agents: Messrs. KAMPE & CO., 76 High Holborn,' LONDON W.'c. JCarl J(rause, Xeipjig Sngineer. No. 245 Lake Street, CHICAGO. F. E. OKIE COMPANY *S^ This is a Specimen of our 40c Cut Ink (40 cents in pound lots IT IS SOLD AT-; 40 cents in 100 pound lots (40 cents in looo pound lots No discounts— 40 cents net ^<+TTTTTT*r't-r+TT‘irTTTTTTTT'MrTTTTTTTTTT'rTTTTTTTT++T-fr+TTTV++4 ^bis i$ a Sample of a new Red M, wbicft m call fire Red ana we $eil it at One Dollar (luoo) per pound net Dt n$ send yon 5 pounds of tfti$ with tbe 10 ponnd sample of fortv°cent Cut inR von order ««»***<>*** T.€.Okie €0.. ««« Renton, Place, ««« Pbiladeipbia, Pa. THE INLAND PRINTER. 741 Perfection in Press Building IS SECURED IN Time Tested* Service Tried* MOVtllltllt — Doing away with all cam geare^ springs^ centers. Running without jolt or jar. — Qving case of motion, firmness^ long life, simplicity. Insures better distribution, better imprcffilon, better register ? and, therefore, better work. Cconoiny— No breakage, no repairs. Perfecf©r$...Xw©-BewHiflon...Xwo=g©lor. Smallest, 24 x 3t* Largest, 48 x 69. NOT A NOVELTY, but a Printing Press whose every improvement marks a distinct and permanent gain to the Printing Art. WE ASK YOU TO INVESTIGATE THE HUBER, VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON 59 Ann St*, 17 to 23 Rose St* Western Office t 256 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. NEW YORK. H. W. THORNTON, Manager. 742 THE INLAND PRINTER. Rapid Deposition of Copper |HE attention of persons interested in Electrotyping^ or any business requiring the deposition of metals by electricity^ is called to the Engelhard Process (patented)^ by which the deposit goes on fully twice as rapidly as with the method usually employed^ ^ ^ ^ ^ The new process is the greatest in electrotyping which has been invented since dynamos superseded acid batteries^ Now used in several establish¬ ments with very satisfactory results^ For further particulars and cost of outfit, address J. H. FERGUSON, Sole Agent. 446 Pearl Street, NEW YORK, U. S. A. Information regfarding’ the Process can be found on page 5ff of ^Xhe Inland Printer" for August, 1896. ™ NEW COLUIIIIBIflN OFTIMUS A BACK-UP MOTION IS AN IM PORTANT FEATURE ON A PRESS. The new COLUMBIAN OPTIMUS HAS IT . NEW .[BED MOTION' recently put on the OPTIMUS Press, whereby the type bed is driven by means of a ball and socket universal joint, is one of the most valuable im¬ provements made in press building in many years. The bed and cylinder of the New Optimus is geared together more closely, with more simplicity, durability and perfect mechanism than is possible in any other printing ma¬ chine, and this device is immeasurably superior to the old Napier joint in com¬ mon use. Grt.iajr*a J1 tGG • T/ie Pinest Delivery, the Pnstest Two-Revolution - of its — size, and a Thoroughly Pirst-class Press in every way. Babcock Printing Press Mfg. Co., C. A.. COLLORD, Manager New York Office, 9-10 Tribune Building. BARNHART BROS. & SPINDLER, 183 to 187 Monroe St, CHICAGO, ILL. General Western Agents. For sale by Minnesota Type Foundry Co., St. Paul, Minn. Great Western Type Foundry, Kansas City, Mo. St. Louis Printers Supply Co„ St. Louis, Mo. Great Western Type Foundry, Omaha, Neb. Builders OF THE OPTIMUS TWO-REVOLUTION, DISPATCH SINGLE REVOLUTION, STANDARD DRUM CYLINDER, REGULAR, COUNTRY and:other cylinder presses. THE INLAND PRINTER. 743 UNEQUALED FACILITIES FOR NEW YORK PASSENGERS via Baltimore & Ohio M. ROYAL BLUE LINE TRAINS of the B. & O. R. R. are now landing and receiving passengers at Whitehall Terminal, foot of Whitehall St., New York, making con¬ nections under the same roof with the Second, Third, Sixth and Ninth Ave. Elevated Roads; Broadway, Lexington and Columbus Ave. Cable Lines; South Ferry, Hamilton Ferry, Staten Island Ferry and Thirty-ninth St. Brooklyn Ferry. With this Terminal and the new observation car service, the B. & O. is in position to give its patrons the best that can be secured. The B. & O. handsomely illustrated ^‘SUMMER TOURS,” showing routes and rates to many delightful resorts, may be had by applying at the City Ticket Office, 193 Clark St., or will be mailed by addressing B. N. AUSTIN, G. P. A., Chicago, or D. B. MARTIN, M. P. T., BalUmore, Md. Chicago Depot : Grand Central Pass. Station, Harrison St. and Fifth Ave. Who use the “ACME” Self-Clamping Cutter? Munsey Magazine Co. (2) Cosmopolitan Magazine Co. (2) Harper’s Magazine Co. McClure’s Magazine Co. Youths’ Companion Co. (5) The H. O. Shepard Co. D. C. Cook Publishing Co. The Werner Co. Boston Mailing Co. and 1,000 others, printers, bookbinders, box makers, corset manufacturers, paper mills, etc. Why ? Because they save labor and money, and give perfect satis¬ faction. Send for catalogue and references to The Child Acme Cutter and Press Co. 33=35=37 Kemble St., Roxbury, BOSTON, MASS., U. S. A. B. a FULLER & CO., Agents, 744 THE INLAND PRINTER. €cononik Automatic*,,- Papcr=fccains iPacbinc AS ATTACHED TO A TWO-REVOLUTION FRONT-DELIVERY PRESS. MANUFACTURERS’ AGENTS $mytl) Booh Sewing machines, Smyth €a$e making machines, Economic Paper-Teeding machines, ghamhers folding machines, Christie Beveling machines, Jlcme and other Cutting machines. Universal Ulire Stitching machines, Ellis Boiler Backer, Peerless Rotary Perforators, AND A COMPLETE LINE OF MACHINES FOR BOOKBINDERS AND PRINTERS. Duplicate Parts for Macliines, Tape, Wire, Thread, Oil, etc. COMPLETE OUTFITS. ]AN be attached to any Cylinder Press, Margfinal Folding Machine or Ruling Machine. Adjustments simple, and quickly made. Adapted to small as well as large runs. Press Feeders constructed to carry a load of 5,000 to 18,000 sheets, according to weight of paper. Tape frame of Feeder can be lifted in one minute and press fed by hand if desired. Increases production from 15 to 30 per cent, insures absolutely perfect register, and saves labor and wastage. We can show some of the largest printing and binding establishments completely equipped with the Economic Feeders. It will pay you to investigate. Write to the Sole Agents. e. C. Fuller $t Co. .. . 28 Reade Street, NEW YORK. 279 Dearborn Street. ^ THE INLAND PRINTER. 745 SECONDHAND MACHINERY STEREOTYPE ELECTROTYPE. Guaranteed to be in first-class condition in every respect. Write for full description. One Molding Press, . . . . . . 24 x 31 Two Molding Presses, . . . . . 16 x 22 Roughing Machine, . . . . . . 17 x 28 Two Lloyd Blackleaders, . . . . 17 x 25 One Daniels Planer, . 17 x 36 Brush Dynamo, ....... No. 2 Shoot Board, . 12x18 PRINTING PRESSES. Campbell Job and Booh, 4-Roller, 2-Revolution, size 45 x 64, Table Distribution. Campbell ** ** ** ** 32 x 50, ** ** Campbell Oscillator ** ** 42 x 56, ** ** Campbell Job and Book, 2-Roller, 2-Revolution, ** 35 x 52, " ** Campbell ** ** ** 41 x 56, ** ** Cottrell New Series, 4-Roller, 2-Revolution, 38 x 55, ** ** Cottrell & Co. ** ** " 35 x 52, " ** GEO. B. BBOYD & GO ELECTRIC MOTORS DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO ALL MAKES OF PRINTING PRESSES. NO BELTS, NO DIRT, NO GEARS, NO NOISE. More Efficient than Shaft¬ ing or Belting. Attached to any Press. Easy to Regulate. Not at all in the way. Cheaper than any other method of operation. The Bullock Electric Co. NEW YORK : St. Paul Building, BOSTON : 8 Oliver St. PHILADELPHIA ; 662 Bourse Building, ATLANTA; 0. H. Wade, 708 Gouid Building, DENVER: Thos. H. Smith, 172-t Champa St. CHICAGO : 623 Western Union Building, ST. LOUIS : St. Louis Electrical Supply Co., 911 Market St. LOUISVILLE: Wood & Speed, 235 Fifth St. SPOKANE : Eieazer Darrow, 14 and 17 Temple Court, S!SE 1032 GROHDSnZHY, - - - CINCINNATI, OHIO. r****^»******«*******4*****************»»***#***»»J „ EVERY PRINTER WANTS... ''profitable Hdvcrtlsing” THE ADVERTISER’S TRADE JOURNAL. Fully illustrated, brig-ht, original, up-to-date on all Advertising Topics. The handsomest publication of its kind. Ten Cents bring-s a sample copy if you mention The Inland Printer. % KATE E. GRISWOLD, Editor and Publisher, S 13 School St., BOSTON, MASS. CINCINNATI TO CHICAGO. OPEN AND COMPARTMENT SLEEPING CARS ON NIGHT TRAINS. The only line running 4 trains every day Cincinnati to flichigan Points. D. Q. EDWARDS, General Passenger Agent, CINCINNATI, OHIO. 746 THE INLAND PRINTER. U he Old Case F ” { THE PERI IN A Slew SSress! IN TYPE CASES )mplete without them. PERFECTION TYPE CASE CO • p Patentees and Sole Manufactarers, 526 ELM STREET, CINCINNATI, OHIO. PHILADELPHIA BRANCH: 424 Library Street. CHICAGO BRANCH: 337-339 Dearborn Street. J. M. HUBER I BiK eoMrs. MAKER OF I Pure U(irni$l)c$, [ Best Inks. FACTORY: MAIN OFFICE: 76-90 40th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 275 Water St., New York. Our Bidl)°0rade Cranslucents When used for Business Cards^ Announce¬ ments, Folders, etc., produce that brilliant appearance customers admire so much. J- ^ ^ ^ The highest art effects, especially in color work. Unobtainable on any other board. Carried in white and delicate tints, in 4 and 6 ply, at $3.25 and $4.50, respectively. None better anywhere at any price. Samples on application. Union 0nrd $ Pnner i^o., 19$ Ulilliam $t., Hew York. » Cardboard « Paper « « envelopes « Cbe Utility Cutter bas Good Poiuts! Compound Leverage — makes catting easy. Patent Clamp for narrow cutting. (This clamp does not crease paper. ) All Cast-iron Parts extra heavy. Screws and Studs of best Machine Steel. All parts Interchangeable. Guaranteed to please. For Circulars, address Pavyer Priiitiiiy piadiine Works, 600=2=4 S. Broadway, St. Louis, Mo. THE PAPER mils COnPANY MARQUETTE BUILDING. CHICAGO •5ELLINQ AGENT5 WHOLESALE DEALERS • • PAPER SPECIALI5T3- 13 i m ^ make more money by using BRAINS. I I 1 1 1 (V I V It comes to them each week full of ideas for bringing business, together with styles of advertising composi¬ tion, invaluable to every office. Ijl I l%l t ^1% Can increase their advertising by | IIUIIvl/vl V having BRAINS sent to their adver¬ tisers. Advertisers reading BRAINS will do more advertising — nay the publisher more money for space. Special rates for club lists of three or more copies. Sample copies for the asking. Ask NOW. BRAINS PUBLISHING CO. I4I to 155 E. 25th St., NEW YORK. Advertisers in BRAINS get results. vcHEBER WELLS Successor to Vanderburgh, Wells & Co. 157=159 William St., NEW YORK, Priuters’ materials ‘ ‘ STRONG SLAT ’ ’ is not a fancy name, but that the slats are practically indestructi- lo better cases made. THE INLAND PRINTER. 747 DICK'S SEVENTH MAILER. To SAVE labor and secure speed in addressing-, publishers should use R. Dick’s Mailer. With it experts have mailed from 6,000 to 8,586 papers in fifty-seven minutes. For information concerning Mailer, Address Price. $20as R. DICK ESTATE, !39 West Tapper St., without Royalty. BUPPALO, N. Y, JAMES WHITE & CO. 177 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO CARRY THE LARGEST AND MOST VARIED STOCK OE COVER— PAPERS IN THE UNITED STATES. VERY BEST MAILER. AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS’ CO. When treated properly fir Cover Papers Our line is BIGGER and BEXTER than ever. We carry the largest and most varied stock in the country. Trade is wakening. People are advertising. Cover Papers are the fashion. We are your caterers. See us. Write us. Illinois Paper Company, 1 81 Monroe St., Chicago. Book, Cover, Document Manila and Print Papers. Cbe Central .Paper Company, Nos. 177 & 179 Monroe Street, CHICAGO, Put all their Ruled Papers up in Boxes with five Tablet Boards in each box. SAMPLES ARE NOW READY. Superfines, Fines, Bonds, Linens, Colored Flats, Bristols, Ruled Stock, Wedding Stock etc., etc. cHioaook HEADQUARTERS FOR .... LOFT.DRIED FLAT WRITINGS, EMBOSSED BOARDS, FANCY PAPERS," RULED HEADINGS, ENVELOPES, WEDDING STOCK, Etc. 748 THE INLAND PRINTER. IMPROVED ^^RIWPER FINGER (megill’s patent) Made in three shapes . ^ sl'ap® made in narrower than their size. Price, SOc. each finger, Either size or shape. The only convenient and reliable attempt to do awa3' with string's and ather harness on your job press grippers. Sold, with many gauge pins, by type founder and dealer. Send price to L». MIEGIL»L», Manufacturer, 60 Duane Street, PHEW YORK. $2.00 per year. HOWARD LOCKWOOD & CO., Publishers, 20C. per copy. 143 Bleecker Street, NEW YORK. LEADING SPECIALS. 2-Qaire Box of Embossed Paper Co. Mhhufhctukers of prepared ©urns, ©lues, Sizes and ■finishes, pastes, Cements, j^ucilagcs. 15 Gold Street, New tissue in copying- books. More e are fast and brilliant — red, gre...., SPHINX LIQUID GLUE No. 2 S-SgruSlS' Si.' be used cold, saving the gas and trouble of dissolving. No smell. ARABOL PAD COMPOSITION SS,SU'iS“S. :r and to pres The ideal ,, _ _ ^ Keeps sof£ in the pail and contains d batter the type. Does not swell the ing at the mouth of the bottle. rent, easy flowi FLEXIBLE GLUE KTiSlteffffe,.., R . Needs only reducing by cold w THE LEADING Printing Ink KAST^t EMINQBR Makers of all kinds of Lithographic, Printing and Fine Half=tone Inks, Printing Inks for Bookbinders, Colors for Lithographers and Printers, Transparent Lithographic Inks, Tin Printing Inks, Lichtdruck Inks, Plate Printers’ Colors, Oils, Varnishes, etc., and Importers of Bronze Powders. THREE-COLOR PROCESS INKS A SPECIALTY. LITHOGRAPHERS' SUPPLIES. CHAS. HELLMUTH, Agent. Office and Factory s 46-48 East Houston Street, NEW YORK. £uiKlell l»otor$ For Direct Connection to any Type of Printing Press or Machine ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Entire Printing and Bookbinding' Establishments equipped with Lwndell Motors and Controllers. Enormous losses and inconvenience of shafting and belting obviated. Most compact, efficient and reliable motors on the market. Illustrated catalogue upon application. m ^ m V m m general ofTiccs and worKs : Inti^rior Conduit 9nd Insuldtion Co#f 527 west sw street, new ponc aty, THE INLAND PRINTER. 761 THE J. W, OmNNON CO* 74 DUANE ST., NEW YORK. Boolibinderr Supplies. Importers of Germaa Book Cioib, Cffirrespoideace solldtsd. Skytogeae, etc. fe J y T T y ? B5rABbl5H6D 1S72 PHOTO PROCESS EHOR^VERS we AIM AT THE BEST PRINTIMG- qvALiTr^ PLATES THE WllDAMSONHAFfNER EntftaViniCo. — Denver. — i Printers’ Rollers and | Composition » »l l& North Second Street ST, LOUIS, MO. Printers’ Rollers.. BEST and CHEAPEST GODFREY & CO. ' 909 Sansom Street, Philadelphia, Pa. _ ity selected HARD ZINC, machine _ _ and polished, for Half-Tone and Line Etching-. COPPER FOR HALF=TONE. Extra quality machine ground and polished. STEEL PLATES FOR ENGRAVING AND ETCHING. Photo -Engravers Supplies. AMERICAN STEEL & COPPER PLATE CO. igo Nassau Street, Ne-w York. FOR . . . Glazed Papers Plated Papers Leather Papers Slade, Hipp & Meloy, 71=73 W. Monroe St., CHICAGO. 'BLHiigSteMEINE The Engine that Built a 10,000 Square Feet Addition iast year! Because they power used per hour. Twelve business with the printer assur perfection in the “Olds’” Upri P. F. OLDS & SON ENC Box 600. LOVEJOY CO’S DRY PAPER MATRIX id for . . __ . :£r- THE LOVEJOY CO. 444~6 Pearl Street, » NEW YORK, U. S. C, J. ROBEkTSON, 12 Phillips Sq., Montreal, Can. H. Griffin & Sons, ESTABLISHED 1833, BOOKBINDERS’ AND POCKETBOOK MAKERS’ SUPPLIES. 75 AND 77 DUANE STREET, New York City. FRAHK 8. STEWART, HBKMAH SCHUBSSLER, Pfes’t. Gen’l Manager tCbe IpbotosCbromotiepc Enotavtng Co. 719 Vine Street, - ■ ■ PHILADELPHIA. We solicit your correspondence if you appreciate GOOD QUAUTT— LOW PRICE — PROMPTNESS Our Catalogue now ready. 752 THE INLAND PRINTER. THE HICKOK” ^ RULING^ MACHINES HARD TIMES ARE PASSING FAST, ORDERS ARE NO LONGER RARE, YOUR BUSINESS MUST SHARE IN THIS. LET US HAVE YOUR ORDER FOR ANY MACHINERY NEEDED FOR RULING OR BINDING THE W.O. HICKOK MFC. CO.. Harrisburg. Pa. ZU munson Cvpewriter IS “THE BEST” HACHINE. The Highest Grade Standard of Excellence. Controlled by no T^st or Combine. Contains many desirable features heretofore overlooked by other manufacturers. Address W particulars : The Munson Typewriter Co. MANUFACTURERS, 240-244 W. Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. N. B.—Good Agents wanted. ®®Nasf)viUe TAKE THE A/iammotl) i V. THE GREATEST Paoli, West PRLNCH lyici^ dPRmaa, “The Carlsbad of America,” FRANK J. REED, G. p. A., Chicago. CITY TICKET OFFICE, 232 CLARK STREET. Cbe Brlti$b Printer. A JOURNAL OF THE GRAPHIC ARTS. cAn acknonvledged TechnicAt And cAritsUc EducAtor of the CrAft. Notes on trade matters ; news of develop¬ ments in all sections ; hints and wrinkles for workers ; the furtherance of technical education ; job suggestions and designs ; specimens criticised ; supplements by all processes — in color and monochrome. 7s. 6d., post free. Specimen copy, is. RAITHBY, LAWRENCE & CO., Ltd., LONDON, I Imperial Buildings, Ludgate Circus, E. C. LEICESTER, DeMontfort Press. ^ TRADE MARKS. DESIGNS. COPYRIGHTS Ac. Anyone sending a sketch and description may quickly ascertain, free, whether an invention is probably patentable. Communications strictly confidential. Oldest agency for securing patents in America. We have a Washington office. Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive special notice in the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, beautifully illustrated, largest circulation of any scientific journal, weekly, terms $3.00 a year ; $1.50 six months. Specimen copies and Hand Book on Patents sent free. Address MUNN & CO., 361 Broadway, New York. THE INLAND PRINTER. 753 ,..,.HALTIGAN^S . ppcRct mmm\ of Ready Reference. Compiled and Arranged by P. J. HALTIGAN, PROOFREADER, GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON, D. C. IT contains a complete Vocabulary of Double Words from Webster’s Inter¬ national Dictionary— an invaluable assistant in the quick determination of those vexing- “compounds ” usually encountered by all engaged in the cor¬ rect reproduction of literary work; over five hundred Latin and French -words, phrases, legai maxims, and colloquial expressions, with their defi=. nitions, from all the leading authorities, which to the everyday individual and the student of law will afford a ready and reliable means of interpretation ; an exhaustive alphabetical list of contractions and abbreviations commonly used in writing and printing ; an authoritative list of county names in the United States, carefully revised according to the latest Government publications, and arranged in alphabetical order by States ; the Declaration of Independence, with the names of the Signers ; the Constitution of the United States, with amendments and dates of ratifications, together with nearly SEVENTY PAGES of the most useful historical and general information, designed to be of the utmost benefit to the average man, and all gathered from the most reliable sources. 160 pages ; size, 5^/i by 2J4 inches. CDe Itilana Printer Companp, Musgrove Says to Printers Advertise and give your clients some- i thing your competitor cannot give | them. We are advertising seventy- | three printers by the means of our i special service. The printer who uses ' our service is made the most-talked- | about printer in town. He gets a reputation for having ideas and hustle. The service doesn’t cost a cent in cash, only a little time and labor on your part to the amount of $15. We will serve but one printer in each town. Send for complete details and i some of the work we have done for ; other printers. The Advertiser’s Agency, ^ ^outhern Railway A. ^ Is the Greatest Highway of Trade and Travel reaching the . PRIJ^CIPAI, CITIE;3 of 30UTH with its own Line, and penetrating all parts of the country > TRAIN SERVICE, ELEGANT EQUIPMENT and FAST TIME. BRUNSWICK SAVANNAH JACKSONVILLE FLORIDA POINTS ATLANTA .SOUTHERN RAILWAY. Birmingham .Tennessee Centennia AT NASHVILLE JACKSONVILL jther''n''citie FREE=HAND DRAWING and ILLUSTRATING.... THE ART STUDENT and the limner. FULLY ILLUSTRATED. SIXTH YEAR. 10 Cents a Copy. $1.00 a Year. Cependecker ^posters. 754 THE INLAND PRINTER. 1^ Inland Printer Business Biregtory. s in this I $7.00 per year for t |pS ckcuSi INK MANUFACTURERS’ MACHINERY. *"gss •*■■' -'“E—S™- ‘■"'HgSSSS LITHO=TYPE STATIONERY, STOCK 1 LI T H O G R A PH ED ^LENDAR pADSjf BACKS % \S9§ Iwithographing Co., • ^ V-' 158 TO 174 ADAMS STREET, CHICAGO. ARE PRONOUNCED THE BEST AND CHEAPEST ON THE MARKET. THE INLAND PRINTER. 755 THE INLAND PRINTER BUSINESS D I R E CT O R Y — C o nti n u ed . fuferior "”aSg|agei;sS^k^cS "S£5isi‘Si'.™“=s “"feSSSEfSF *"'SSJ^‘;.fK‘“=”-^“‘“- "•"p■E^^a■ielKpSS?Br„£'SS' •“'^ '"'r..'^'iK£r^?.«S‘;S "•T.a?s"-sijss;r.d'stsr'’ *”sLrcoJT«'S3;?,':;i”.vss'.£.s *"'cS" s'^ATSSuS;4."”““' "rT^TSiS'‘iiSiSzsz^s'Xz Missouri Brass Type Foundry Company, 1611 South Jefferson Avenue, ST. bOUIS, MO. Brass Type NOT IN THE TYPE TRUST. Manufacturers of Made of our Celebrated Extra Quality of Hard Brass. » Send for Specimen Books; of Every Description For Bookbinders, Embossers, Hat Tip Printers and Wood Printers. 756 THE INLAND PRINTER. Dikii Cedger and Record Paper Has no superior^ Why not use it ? ^IS >Our Stiling JIgents In eniciigo are ©(D), €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ eJ INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. APRIL, 1897. THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY, CHICAGO AND NEW YORK. TWENTY CENTS. OSGOOD &. COMPANY, THE TEMPLE,’’ CHICAGO. OUR NEW LOCATION ‘‘ The Temple,” LaSalle and Monroe Sts., Chicago. Osgood Co. LOCATION CENTRAL. ELEVATOR SERVICE EXCELLENT. ACCOMMODATIONS THE BEST. Designers, engraoers, €lectrotppers. 'OU are invited to inspect our new quarters. T 7ITH a full staff of competent artists and engravers, and ^ operating by the newest methods, our output will ^ always be of the very highest grade. Manufacturing Department, 165^167 Adams St. Telephone, Main 3488. Long Distance We do not occupy the entire Building; only the North Half of the Top Floor. OSGOOD~& COMPANY, “THE TEMPLE,” CHICAGO. MflV, 1897, IWbNTY GfcMS. 3J1LM& C/^ VERITABLE WORK OF cART. olor S> THE EINEST WORK ON THIS SUBJECT EVER PUBLISHED. HHIS work can now be purchased at a considerable reduction from its original price. The enormous expense of producing, at first pre¬ cluded the possibility of its being sold at less than $15, the original price, but owing to the dull times it has been decided to sacrifice the work in order to dispose of the copies yet remaining unsold. It is probable that no second edition of The Color Printer y^xW ever be attempted, and no book of the kind will for a long time, at least, be planned and carried to completion. Therefore this is a rare opportunity for those wishing to purchase one of these works on color printing. To produce a limited edition of this work required 625 different forms and 1,625,000 impressions. The book con¬ tains 166 colors, hues, tints and shades, produced by mixtures of two colors each, with proportions printed below each. To use colors intelligently and effectively every printer and pressman should have one of these books. Address all orders to THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY, J50 Nassau Street, NEW YORK. 212 -214 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. rinter. BY JOHN F. EARHART. ^ inches. \Z7 Pa§:es Type Matter. 90 Colored Plates. In two to twenty colors each. Handsomely Bound in Cloth. Stamped in g-old and fontcolors. Each Copy Signed by the Author. Price, §10?? Postpaia. c4 VERITABLE WORK OF cART. The ohrSr rinter. c/i treatise on the Use of Colors in typographic Printing* BY JOHN F. EARHART. THE EINEST WORK ON THIS SUBJECT EVER PUBLISHED. Size, 8X X inches. 137 Pages Type Matter. 90 Colored Plates. In two to twenty colors each. Handsomely Bound in Cloth. Stamped in gold and four colors. Each Copy Signed by the Author. Price, 510?? Postpaid. IjHIS WORK can now be purchased at a considerable reduction from its original price. The enormous expense of producing, at first pre¬ cluded the possibility of its being sold at less than $15, the original price, but owing to the dull times it has been decided to sacrifice I the work in order to dispose of the copies yet remaining unsold. It is probable that no second edition of The Color Printer will ever be attempted, and no book of the kind will for a long time, at least, be planned and carried to completion. Therefore this is a rare opportunity for those wishing to purchase one of these works on color printing. To produce a limited edition of this work required 625 different forms and 1,625,000 impressions. The book con¬ tains 166 colors, hues, tints and shades, produced by mixtures of two colors each, with proportions printed below each. To use colors intelligently and effectively every printer and pressman should have one of these books. Address all orders to THE USTLAISTD PRINTER COMPANY, 150 Nassau Street, NEW YORK. 2t2-2J4 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. TWENTY CENTS - J « ' TWENTV CENTS, AUGUST, J897, DcnQJVl »Srb^ < TMEIlfi^ND PRINTERcavo^t TWENTY CENTS. TelephoTie Main IZOO- ^/Iccount Booli Shows COST, PROFIT, LOSS, Facilitates estimating and prevents costly errors in quoting prices. Is of great value as a reference twofc. Reduces bookkeeping one-half. THEREFORE.... MONEY, TIME, TROUBLE hHERE has been considerable discussion among correspondents of The Inland Printer as to the best method of determining the cost of fob work. The writers agree that it is exceedingly difficult to arrive at the exact cost of producing finished work..^ A satisfactory solution of the problem cannot always be obtained by exchanging views in this way. By adopting the method embodied in The Inland Printer Account Book, which is acknowledged by hundreds of practical and progressive printers to be a thoroughly systematic and business-like way of keeping accounts, you will secure a plan of keeping track of orders that is thoroughly reliable. Printers cannot afford, in these times of close competition, to guess at the cost of doing work. There is no necessity of guessing if this Book is used. Fill out the blank lines and foot the columns and the actual cost to the office of the work done is easily ascertained. The only way to stop the ruinous policy of reckless estimating is for printers to adopt a system of keeping accounts that will show what they make or lose on every job turned out. They will thus find where their own interests lie, and exercise extreme caution in quoting figures. If printers will adopt this Book, much of the difficulty of making ends meet^^ in conducting business will be avoided. The exact cost of work is what very few printers can accurately determine under their present methods of bookkeep¬ ing. Buy one of these Books and start on an era of prosperity. Send for specimen sheet and circular. 4 THE BOOKS are substantially bound with leather backs and corners, and cloth sides, and are of the flat-opening style. Size of page, x inches. Printed on good paper, and paged throughout. Prices are but little more than such books blank would cost. NET PRICES r 400-page book for 2,000 jobs, . I 2oo*page book for 1,000 jobs, . $5-oo 3-50 Order The Inland Printer Account Book from any Type Foundry or Printers^ Supply House in the United States, or direct from . The Inland Printer Co. ....Publishers... 214 Monroe Street, CHICAGO. ISO Nassau Street, NEW YORK. T W z I mi Nf/ W mi fligh-Speed Printing Press, YTrnrmrrrnnr ACKNOWLEDGED THE LEADING TWO-REVOLUTION PRESS ON THE MARKET. PRODUCING THE FINEST GRADES OF PRINTING IN A SUPERIOR MANNER AND A DAILY PRODUCT UNATTAINED BY ANY OTHER PRINTING PRESS. The" MIBnLB ’ la Operation Printing Halt-Tones, using Sheet Delivery, Miehle Press, in the best VJI LLI^ • }n world, bas an ^ ■ 1- ■_ Lr • offices in the world, has changed the calculations of all printers in quantity and quality of work produced. No proprietor of a printing office can afford to buy a printing ma¬ chine without first looking into the merits of the ** hliehle.^^ .5^ ^ ers wish the sheet delivered printed side up, but for a great many kinds of paper the fly is the best. The 'TVIiehle'^ is at the front with both. In less than three minutes the pressman can change from printed side up to fly printed side down, and vice versa. Mr. Miehle is the first to accomplish this. J- J, J> J> The Sheet Dellyery adds bat small cest to the Press. We attach It when ardered. THE HENRY 0. SHEPARD CO.. PRINTERS AND BINDERS, CHICABO.